, I w ill m a ke ld o , g e v en ” ’ O ph z r m a n m o re a ma n a th a n I S A IA H xi ii , . th e 12 . ra r e p u re fin e d l o of g th a n . , Th i s is o n e e l eme n t i n th e ,u d gme n t th at th e p rop h e t sees com i n g u p o n th e wo rl d fo r — — i ts i n i , u i ty at o nce c ause an d e ffe ct th a t m e n o f h o n o r i n te gr i ty an d f ai th fu lness b e com e m o re ra re th an fi n e go l d An d th e re i n no c al am i ty l i ke th i s — th e ra ri ty o f me n i n c i ty S tate o r n ati on i n pl aces o f t rus t an d res p o ns ib i l i ty wi th h i gh i de al s o f i n te gri ty a n d p a t rio ti sm a n d the w i l l to s ta n d Eve ry o th e r so rt o f c al am i ty af b y th e m fe c ti n g c ivi c i n te res ts c a n be bo rn e i f th e ri gh t s o rt o f m e n are fou n d fo r cou nse l a n d fo r acti on Th ey wi l l fi n d a w ay o r m ake o ne Th e h is to ry o f ou r ti me gives te r r i b l e em p h as is to th e c al am i tous e ffe ct o f a n aw ake n i n g to th e f ac t o f th e r a ri ty o f l e a d e rs a t o nce c ap able a n d h o nes t ; fi tte d lb y n a tu re an d by t ra i n i n g fo r g rave re s p o n s ib il i ties an d als o p a t ri o ti c and t rus two rthy , . , , , . . . , , . , g . . . 0 . i, , , We h ave s pec tacl e o f a gre a t n ati on fl o u n de ri n g l i ke a ru d de rless sh i p i n s to rmy g Nse as H e r au toc ra cy a n d bu re auc racy w re c k e d th e m anh oo d o f h e r le a de rs a n d B Iz h e r w re cke d l e a de rs h ave m ade o f th e n a tion a s po i l , u ss i a s t ruggles wi th a fo rl o rn h op e H ow a re th e m i gh ty f al l en , I n , u s s i a a m a n i s mo re ra re th a n th e p u re go l d o f O ph i r H e re whe re dem o c racy bo as ts i ts tri um ph s th e reve l a tio ns o f th e l ast ye a r o r two h ave s ta rtl e d an d sh ocke d p ubl i c co n fi de nce as i n swi ft s u ccess i on me n p i l lo rie d fo r ev i l do i n g h ave come down f ro m th e i r h i gh p l aces to p ay th e pe n al ty o f the i r c ri mes t i l l l e a de rs wi th cl e a n h a n ds an d p u re h e a rts a re mo re ra re th a n gol d The h i deous l us t fo r gol d h as m a de m e n m o re r a re th an go l d an d th e e n d i s n owh e re i n s i gh t At su ch a time we a re c al l e d to mou rn th e l os s o f a m an wh o comb i ne d th e ra res t gi fts th e mos t v a rie d expe ri e n ces a n d e n ,oye d th e ri ch es t O p po rtu n i ties wh i ch l ed u p to g rave resp ons ibi l i ties to be a cce p te d an d m e t i n a l a rge an d c ath ol i c f ash i o n u n th e . . . . , , , , , , , . , . , , , , , , 3 ti l h e s too d co n fesse d o n e o f th e m as te r s p i ri ts o f th e wo rl d Th is i s n ot th e es ti m a te o f p rovi nc i al p ri de o r p a rti al i ty I t i s evi de n ce d by vo i ces s p e aki n g th e v a ri e d tongues o f men o f al l sec ts a n d n a ti o n al i ti es as they f ace th e f ac t th a t S ec ret a ry o f S tate J oh n H ay i s n o m o re o f e a rth S i nce th is i s so i t i s gr ate fu l to th i n k th a t h e o nce l ive d i n ou r c i ty m a r rie d i n to o n e o f th e f am i l ies f rom e a rly d ays p rom i ne n t i n al l th a t con ce rn e d th i s ch u rch a n d commu n i ty th at ch i l d re n we re b o rn to h i m h e re th at h e wo rs h i p p e d wi th us h ab i tu al ly th a t h i s g rave is amo n g o u r g r aves a n d p i l g ri m fee t wi l l tu rn to t h e sp ot wh e re h i s dus t l i es a n d rec al l th e dee ds th a t gave h i m f ame a n d h o n o r amon g m e n an d tu rn aw ay to l e a d be tte r l ives I t seem s no t u n fi tt in g th e re fo re th at i n s p i te o f m o re august assemb l i es i n al l l an ds wh e re Ame ri c an c i ti z e ns a re fou n d a n d m o re e l abo ra te e ulo gies a re u tte re d we sh ou l d devo te th i s mo rn i ng to h i s mem o ry who w as no t less a Ch ri s ti an th an a s ta tes m an no t les s devou t th a n p at ri oti c wh ose . , . , , . , , , , , , , , . , , , , , , , h i gh i de al s a n d l aw o f l i fe we re d r awn f rom th e N ew Tes tamen t I t i s no t my thou gh t to s ke tch h is l i fe o r c atal ogu e h i s p ubl i c dee ds o f s u ch f a r re ach i n g a n d i n te rn atio n al co nse , uen ce bu t to co nce rn myse l f w i th th e m a n a n d the m anh oo d th a t m a de h is l i fe be au ti fu l a n d il . , , , l u s t rio u s , . We h ave i n S e c re ta ry J oh n H ay a n atu re a n d a tem pe ramen t se ns i tive ly st ru ng p oe ti c i m agi n ative wi th a kee n se nse o f th e be au ti ful the t rue a n d th e goo d wh i ch fi tte d h i m fi rs t o f al l fo r p oe t ry a rt a n d l i te ra tu re as a fo rm o f exp ress io n an d rose i n to the re alm o f l i fe a n d co n du ct i n a sco rn o f th e me a n a n d vu l ga r a n d a p ass i on fo r ri gh teous ness a n d ,u s ti ce be tween m a n an d m an n ati o n an d n atio n a n d th e n fi tness i n — wo rsh i p reve ren ce s i n ce ri ty h u m i l i ty , po n a n a tu re thus gi fte d h o m e a n d sch ool an d ch u rch n atu re t r avel an d co n tac t wi th me n w i th dem oc racy an d th e do i ngs o f co u rts i n l an ds ru le d by ki ngs ; a nd bes t o f all Ab rah am L in col n l a i d the i r f ash ion i n g h an ds to mo l d th e m a n we , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , , , , , , , , , 5 l ove d ch e ri she d a n d a dm i re d —wh ose mem o ry i s p rec io us Th e p oe ti c gi ft w as e a rl ies t devel op e d — as w as no t u n n atu r al the p l ay o f a n a tu re no t ye t bu rdene d wi th th e c a res o f l i fe o r a se nse o f th e goo d a n d ev i l bou n d u p in it H e wi s he d i n l ate r l i fe th a t these e a rl ie r e ffus i ons cou l d be e ff ace d I c an no t so wi sh N o ne o f us cou l d h ave e n d u re d to see h i m i ssu i ng th ese b al l a ds as Am b as s a do r to th e co u rt o f , uee n , i cto ri a o r as S ec re t a ry o f S tate ; no r o f cou rse wou l d i t h ave bee n p oss ible to h im bu t fo r th e you th J oh n H ay i t w as p oss i bl e a n d fi t ; fo r m i n d you the re i s i n th e m th e ri ng o f a no te th at v ib ra te d to th e e n d o f h is l i fe vi ri l e wi th p ra i se o f the b rave d a ri ng a n d t rue th ough cl a d i n th e cou rse ga rb a n d vo i ce d i n the ve rn acu l a r o f rough u n l ovely m e n N o pe rso n o f se nse wi l l f a i l to p u t th e m i n th e i r h is to ri c p l a ce no r th i n k o f th em as th e me as u re o f th e m an Th e n h e cou l d no t h ave w ri tte n the l ate r po ems wh i ch b re ath e a l o f ty f a i th an d a re tou che d an d col o re d by the exp e ri en ces o f a , . , , , . , , , . . ’ ‘ , , , , , , , , , , , . , . , 6 m a n wh o h as bee n l on g i n th e sch ool o f l i fe o r C as ti l i a n , ays bo rn o f a so ,ou rn i n su n ny S p a i n o r h i s e l o , ue n t t ri bu tes to th e p a t ri o ts o f th i s a n d o th e r l a n ds H e e a rly excel l e d i n l i te ra ry e ffo rts an d ou t o f th em i t c ame to p ass th a t h e be c am e co nsumm a te m as te r o f E ngl ish s peech , e ad i n g t rave l obse rv a tio n m a de h im a ful l m a n a n d a re te ntive me mo ry e n ab le d h i m to h ave h i s resou rces i n com m an d , am i l i a r wi th th e v ast p oss ib i l i ties o f th e Engl ish to ngue bo th fo r be au ty a n d st re n gth h i s o ra ti ons a d d resses a n d state p a pe rs we re a lw ays cl e a r l um i nou s a n d st ron g wi th e v e r a h i n t o f poe ti c col o r a n d a vi ri l e i m agi n a tio n H e a ri n g h im o r re a d i n g h is s p ee ch es n o one wou l d i m agi ne h i m to be th e sh ri n ki ng re l u ct a nt m an h e was ave rse to p ubl i c i ty an d excee di ngly d ifl i c u l t to b ri n g to a p os i tive e n gageme n t to m ake a n a d d ress S o e asy to us i t seeme d fo r h i m to o pe n h is mou th a n d so i m poss i bl e — fo r h i m to be co mmon p l ace to s p e a k w i th ou t e nl i gh te n i ng to p le a d a gre at c ause W i th ou t c a r ryi n g eve ryth i ng be fo re h i m i n th e a rdo r o f h is s i n ce ri ty a n d the st re ngth o f , ‘ ’ , , . , , . , , , , . , , , , , , . , , , . , , h i s co nvi cti ons i n h i s s c ath i n g de nu nc i a ti ons o f th a t wh i ch a rouse d h is an tago n i sm ; a l l th is as we l l as h i s rem a rkabl e co nve rs a t io n al gi fts i l l us t rate wh at i s me a n t whe n s p e aki n g o f h i m as a m as te r o f E ngl ish sp eech I wi sh next to tu rn you r atte n ti o n to th e p rov i de n ti a l le a d i ngs by wh i ch h e w as p re p a re d fo r th e g re a t wo rk o f h i s l i fe i n wh ic h h e wo n t h e re cogn i tio n o f c rowne d h e a ds an d th e m as te rs o f th e a rt o f d i p l o m a cy as a m a n the i r e , u al su rp asse d by none Th e re w as o f cou rse s ch o ol col l ege an d the s tu dy o f l aw a n d th e n th e ra res t s choo l o f al l th e cl ose i n ti m acy as p riv ate se c re ta ry fo r fi v e ye a rs w i th o ne wh o h as bee n c al l e d th e g re ates t p ol i ti c i an th e g re at es t s ta tesm an th e g re a tes t m a n o f h is ti me A b rah am L i nco l n N o m an wo rthy to be c al le d to su ch a p ost cou l d p oss ibly h el p be i n g s atu ra te d by th e S p i ri t o f th is g re at an d goo d m an no r eve r ge t away f rom th e l o f ty i d e als wh i ch co n t rol l e d h i m I t i s my bel ie f th a t n o o ne th i n g eve r h a p p ene d , , , . , , , , . , , , , , , , , ‘ , ’ , . , . 8 to , r H ay so i n flue nti a l i n fi tti ng h i m fo r the c rown i n g wo rk o f h i s l i fe , rom th i s asso c i ati o n h e we n t fo rth to a t ra i n i n g i n di p l om acy as see n i n , a ri s — , i e n n a an d , a d ri d fi ve ye a rs i n th ese g re a t cen te rs o f p o l i ti c a l activi ty as se c re ta ry o f le g ati o n He re agai n w as a s ch oo l o f o b se rv atio n —h ow no t to do i t Th i s w as a n i nval u abl e op p o rtu n i ty fo r s tu dyi n g Eu ro p e an w ays o f cou rts bu t al so o f th e c u r re n t me th o d s a n d i n ne r s p i ri t o f d i p l om ats w h o as h e wi tti ly p u t i t wh e n th ey seem com i n g a re go i n g whe n th e y s e e m go i n g they com e H is wo rk on the e d i to ri al s ta ff o f th e T ri bun e con ti nue d th is ac , u ai n ta nce wi th fo re i gn a ff a i rs fo r as m a ny m o re ye a rs a n d thu s w as h e be i ng p re p a re d to de al wi th th e m wh e n th a t res p o ns ib i l i ty b ec ame h is I t w as ne a r th e e n d o f th is pe ri o d i n 187 4 th at h e was u n i te d i n we d loc k w i th a d augh te r o f th i s ch u rch , i ss C l a ra L S tone Th i s was m o re th a n an a ffa i r o f a ff e cti o n be t wee n two sou ls go i n g fo rth i n to l i fe u n i te d fo r be tte r fo r wo rse I t was b es i des as we now see i t th e o p e n i n g wi de . . , , . . , , ‘ ‘ ’ , , , ’ . , , . , , , . , . ’ ‘ . , , , , 9 the doo r o f o p po rtu n i ty to a f ree dom i n wo rk an d a fol l owi ng o f h i s be n t f ree o f al l co nce rn fo r th e w ays an d m e a ns o f l ive l ih oo d Th e a ttem p t to m ake h i m a bu s i ness m an h a p p i ly f a i l e d Th e m an wh o h a d been the co n fi d an t o f Li ncol n i n W ash i ngto n an d se c ret a ry o f l eg ati o ns i n th ree gre at c a p i t als o f Eu ro p e an d h a d bee n o n th e s ta ff o f on e o f th e fo remos t ,ou rn al s o f N ew , o rk cou l d n o t be a t h ome i n th e ro u ti ne o f a bus i ness offi ce An d so i t c ame abou t th at a fte r be i n g Ass is tan t S e c re ta ry o f S tate wi th , r Ev a rts ye a rs we n t i nto th e w ri ti n g o f th e l i fe o f Ab rah am L i ncol n I n so do i n g th e p e ri o d o f th e c iv i l wa r an d al l th at l e d u p to i t ; th e i ns i de h is to ry o f th e p e rp l exi ties d i ffi cu l ties f a i l u res an d t ri ump h s o f th e , res i de n t we re l ive d ove r agai n ; a n d th e m a n h is m o tives h i s ch a ri ty h is g re a t h e a rte d ness h is s i n ce ri ty h is h um o r h is te a rs h is f a i th i n , o d an d ri gh t e o u s n e s s we re s tu d i e d an d re c o rde d ; a n d i f th e ye a rs ab ro a d a n d i n N ew , o rk h ad i n a ny W i se d im me d h is i m p ress i ons o f h i s g re at m aste r they we re bu rn ish e d i n th is , , , , , , . , . , . , , , , , , , , , , , , 10 , lon g an d p ai ns taki n g s tu dy o f th e l i fe o f th e m a rty re d , res i de n t A l on g p e ri o d th us el ap se d m ai nl y i n l i te ra ry p u rsu i ts be fo re th e l ast e i gh t mem o rab l e ye a rs begi n Th i rty s ix ye a rs f ro m th e t ime h e we n t to W ash i ngto n wi th Li ncol n h e se ts o u t a s am b ass a do r o f th is g re a t re p ub l i c to th e m os t p o ten t cou rt o f Eu ro p e a n d ne a rest o f ki n to ou rse lves I t w as a so rt o f i nt ro d u ctio n to th a t cou rt o f al l n ati ons w i th wh i ch h e w as soo n to de al H e w as thus b rou gh t con s p i cuously be fo re th e wo rl d , rie n dsh i p wi th , re at B ri ta i n w as c c m e n te d ; h i s t al e nts as a di p l o m at w e re reco g n i z e d a n d i t c am e to p ass th a t h e was t rus te d by me n o f al l n ati ons an d f a i ths as few m e n eve r h ave bee n H e was o f d i p lo m ats th e gre a t p e a cem ake r I f we ask fo r th e se c re t o f th i s co n fi de n ce we sh al l fi n d i t i n h i s eth i c al so un d ness h is c an do r s i nce ri ty an d t ru th h i s s t raigh t fo rvvardn e s s an d f a i r ness He l i fte d d i p l om acy ou t o f th e sp h e re o f i n t ri gue an d f al seh oo d—u s i n g wo rds to con ce al i n te n tio ns rath e r th an to convey — me a n i n gs i n to th a t o f c an do r an d f rank . , , , . , , . . . , . . , , . 11 , ness H i s sec re ta rysh i p m a rks a new e ra i n d i p l om acy a n d th e de al i ngs o f n ati on w i th n ati on He be l ieve d th a t com p ac ts be tween n a tio ns as wi th me n we re m ade to be ke p t ; th a t a l l con du ct sh ou l d be ke p t cle a r o f s i n is te r des i gn s ; th a t the be l ate d pe o p les we re en ti tl e d to c o n s i de rat l o n a n d f a i r de al i ng f rom th e fo remos t ; an d wh e n Eu ro pe a n p owe rs we re ru sh i n g fo rwa rd to p a rti ti on As i a as th ey h a d A f ri c a h e s taye d the i r h an d The re c ame abo u t s u ch a n al l i an ce o f mo ra l i n flu e n c e —th a t m i gh t be b acke d by fo rce i f nee d b e —w i th , re a t B ri ta i n th a t the E ngl i sh s p e aki n g wo rl d to — d ay s tan ds w i th o p e n f a ce tow a rds th e g re a tes t co n ti ne n t o f e a rth an d th e , n i te d S t ates i s t rus te d be c au se o f th e l e a de rsh i p o f J oh n H ay S e c re ta ry o f S tate Th at e th i c al sou n dness c ame o f a n i m l f ai th i n th e ri gh teousn ess o f th e S e r i i t c p ‘ m o n o n the lA o u n t as m e a n t fo r l i fe a n d co n du ct W i th th a t d e a dly h e resy th at t re a ts the te ach i n gs o f , h ri s t as a n im p rac t ic ab le i de al i sm goo d fo r ch u rch bu t i m p oss i bl e o n th e s t ree t h e h a d no th i n g to do N o ta i n t o f th i s was o n h i m N oth i ng . . , , , , . , , , , . , , , . , , . . 12 o f th i s d i d h e l e a rn f rom th e m a rty r , res i de n t n o r f rom the l ates t An d i t i s wo rth W h i l e to p u t em p h as i s h e re i n , i ew o f th e wi des p re a d de fe ction i n m o ral s th a t i s th e cu rse o f th e b us i ness wo rl d o f to d ay a n d es pe c i al ly th a t p a rt o f th e bus i ness wo rl d th a t de a ls i n b i g fi gu res an d g re a t t ran s ac ti ons an d u nb l ush i ngly affi rms th a t a m a n m ay be as sel fi sh as h e W i l l i n bu s i ness i f h e o nly uses h i s ga i ns b e n e fi c e n tl y Th e , o l de n , u l e i s no t i n al l th e i r thou gh ts I t was eve r i n J oh n H ay s m i n d a n d o fte n o n h is l i p s , o i n g ev i l th a t goo d m ay come i s not Ch ri s ti a n We a re l ivi n g i n th e d ay o f wa rpe d consc ie n ces an d deb ase d e th i cs an d th e h i gh p l aces o f fi n an ce an d o f p ol i ti cs a re ful l o f se l fi sh ness an d c ruel ty o f res pe c tabl e th i e v e s a n d l i a rs o f p ro fes se d s ancti ty an d O p en co ntem p t o f ri gh teous ness I f th i s cou n t ry w as as pe rve rse a t th e m i d d le a n d a t th e bottom as i t i s a t th e to p I do no t see W h a t wou l d s ave u s I t i s the re fo re the m o re ne cess a ry th a t we cl e a rly see an d f rankly s ay th at th e m an who m we l ove an d m ou rn go t h is van tage , . , , , , . . ’ . , . , , , . , . , , , 13 g rou n d by n o ne o f th ese me tho ds bu t by c le a nn ess o f h an ds i n His eyes to who m ri gh teo us ness i s p rec ious by ri gh teous ness to rise Th us a re me n a n d n ations exal te d Th us Ch ris ti a n f a i th comes to i ts own an d p u re re l i gio n an d u n de fi le d i s vi n d i c ate d as p ro fi tabl e u n to a l l th i ngs J oh n H ay w as no t so f a r as I know a m e mbe r o f any ch u rch O n ce i n co nve rs a tio n wi th me h e s ta te d h i s re aso n I t i s ch a rac te ris ti c He s a i d , y f ai th i n Ch ris t i s im p l i c i t I am a b el i eve r I am i n fu l les t sym p athy wi th al l th a t th e ch u rch m ai nly s ta n ds fo r b u t I feel th a t to u n i te wi th i t fo rm ally I sh ou l d be i n ful l acc o rd w i th i ts m eth o ds c ree d s an d a i ms ; an d I c an n o t go th at f a r I do no t affi rm th e ve rb al bu t the s ubsta n ti al accu racy o f th i s re p o rt Th is i s i n kee p i ng wi th th a t c an do r wh i ch i ns i s ts th at a m an shou l d be who l ly wh at h e seem s B u t i t f a il s to m ake room fo r th at d i ffe re n ce i n u n i ty wh i ch tol e rates d i ve rge n t o p i n io ns an d m i no r bel ie fs W h i l e h ol di n g th e essen ti al s i n h a rmo ny A n y o th e r ki n d o f u n i ty i s im poss ibl e O n ce a n d agai n wh e n th e i nvi tati o n to the Lo rd s , , , . . , ‘ ’ . , , , . , . , ‘ , . . . , , ’ , . . . , . . ’ , 14 table l e f t w i th th e comm u n i c an t th e re S p o n s ib il i ty fo r th e ac t o f com m u n i on as a vi r tu al co n fess io n o f Ch ri s t h e rem a i ne d wi th us I th i n k th i s was h i s h ab i t Com i n g u p o n s u ch wo rds as th e s e fol lowi n g no t knowi ng th e auth o r wh at sh o ul d we s ay o f h i m , , e fe n d us Lo rd f ro m eve ry i l l ; S t re n gth en us Lo rd to do thy w i l l I n a l l we p l a n an d al l we do S ti l l kee p u s to thy se rv i ce t rue , , . . , , , , ‘ , , , . , , ’ . , ‘ Th ou wh o a rt l i gh t sh i ne o n e ach s ou l ; Th ou who a rt t ru th e ach m i n d con t ro l ; O p e n ou r e y e s a n d m ake us s e e Th e p ath wh i ch l e a ds to he ave n an d thee , o no t these s tan z as b re ath e th e p u re Ch ri s ti a n des i re , I t seem s to m e no t u n l i kely th at th i s hym n w ri tte n by h i m fo r th e Ch ri sti a n E n de av o re rs wh e n th e y me t e n m asse i n W ash i n gto n t ra nsl ate d i n to m any to ngues wi l l c a rry h is n ame ove r th e wo rl d a n d down th e ce n tu ries to com e wh e n h is s ta te p a pe rs a re fo rgo tte n C o n fess io n o f Ch ri st takes m any fo rms a n d voi ces i tse l f i n dee d as we l l , , ’ . , , , , , . 15 as wo rds Em p ti es t o f al l wh e n i n wo rd an d no t i n l i fe J us t h e re i n th e p rog ress o f th is d is cou rse a l ette r w as p u t i n to m y h an ds f ro m , r J am es H T ayl o r a c l ass m a te o f m in e i n , n io n i n wh i ch I re a d W h e n h as ou r cou n t ry p ro du ce d a fi ne r s p e ci me n o f h u m an i ty , To s e e su ch i s a n assu ran ce fo r th e f utu re o f ou r cou n t ry an d ou r ra ce , , e s i t i s t rue O th e r m e n a re i n th e a re n a o f l i fe to d ay O th e rs wi l l ye t a rise l i ke m i n de d an d t ru e b u t i t eve r h as bee n eve r m us t be a ra re th i n g to see be au ty a n d s t re n gth fem i n i ne de l i c acy an d m ascul i ne , i ri l i ty th e wis dom o f th e se rp e n t an d th e h a rml ess ness o f th e dove poe t ry a n d s tates m ansh i p cu l tu re a n d ri gh teous ness b le n de d as th ey we re i n J oh n H ay be l ove d o f m e n th e h ono re d o f n ati ons o n wh ose h e a d th e bl ess i ngs awa rde d th e pe acem ake r res t , ou r ye a rs ago a sh a dow fel l ac ross h i s p a th i n th e s u d de n de ath o f h is e l des t s on I t i s my b el i e f th at to th e l as t th e m a n i n th e e y e o f th e wo rl d w as a m a n o f so rrow I n th e p a rti ng o f th e ve i l th e sh a dow p asse d ” away fo reve r . . , , , . . , ‘ , , ’ . , , , . , , , , , , , , , , , . , . . . 16
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