Chemistry Level – III (Std 9 – 10)
1) The periodic table of elements
a) The modern periodic table
b) Organization of modern periodic table – i) Moseley’s contribution to classification and
Modern periodic law – ii) Long form iii) IUPAC nomenclature of groups
iv) Features of the long form of the periodic table: Groups and periods
v) Merits and demerits of long form
c) Periodicity in properties :
(i) Valency (ii) Atomic radii (iii) Ionic radii
(iv) Ionization energy (v) Electron affinity(vi) Electronegativity (vii) Metallic
character.
d) Study of selected Groups (Group 1, Group ,17)
2) Chemical bonding
a) Formation of chemical bond
b) Nature of chemical bond
c) Lewis theory
d) Types of chemical bond – ionic, covalent, coordinate, multiple, polar, non – polar,
metallic, hydrogen bond and its effects.
e) Difference between atoms and ions
f) Formation of cation and anion
g) Characteristic properties of ionic compounds
h) Characteristics of covalent compounds
3) Mole concept and stoichiometry
a) Mole concept –(i) One interpretation – A specific number of particles
(ii) Second interpretation - A specific mass, Avogadro’s hypothesis
(iii) Third interpretation – A specific volume
(iv) The size of Avogadro’s number
b) Applications of Avogadro’s law – (i) To determine atomicity of gases
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(ii) Explanation of Gay – Lussac’s law of combining volumes
(iii) Modification of Dalton’s atomic theory
(iv) To derive the relation between molecular weight and vapour density
(v) To derive the relation between gram molecular weight and gram
molecular volume
(vi) To determine the formula of a gaseous molecule
c) Stoichiometry –
(i) Reaction stoichiometry(ii) Composition stoichiometry
(iii) Gas stoichiometry (iv) Limiting reagents
(iv) Limiting reagents
d) Percentage composition of a compound by mass
e) Empirical and molecular formula
f) Determination of empirical formula from percentage composition
g) Problems on the above concepts
4) Electrolysis
a) Electrolysis –
Requirements of electrolysis
b) Conduction of electricity
c) Types of conductors –
(i) Metallic conductors
(ii) Ionic or electrolytic conductors
(iii) Plasma conductors
d) Electrolytes and non-electrolytes –
(i) Strong electrolytes
(ii) Weak electrolytes
e) Electrolytic cell
f) Mechanism of electrolysis
g) Factors affecting preferential discharge of ions during electrolysis
(i) Position of the ion in the electrochemical series
(ii) Concentration of the ion in the electrolyte
(iii) Nature of the electrode
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h) Faraday’s first law of electrolysis
i) Faraday’s second law of electrolysis
j) Applications of electrolysis –
(i) Electroplating
(ii) Electro-refining of metals
(iii) Extraction of metals from their ores
(iv) Anodizing
5) Metals, non – metals, metalloids, alloys and metallurgy
a) Physical properties of metals and non-metals :
(i) Physical state (ii) Luster (iii) Malleability (iv) Ductility (v) Hardness (vi) Conductivity
(vii) Density (viii) Melting and boiling point (ix) Tensile strength .
b)Chemical properties of metals and non-metals :
(i) Electron configuration (ii) Valency (iii) Electrochemical nature (iv) Electronegativity
(v) Formation of oxides (vi) Reducing or oxidizing agent (vii) Reaction with water (viii)
Reaction with acids (ix) Reaction with metals and non-metals.
c) Comparison of metals and non-metals
d) Uses of metals and non – metals
e) Reactivity series of metals
f) Reactivity series of non – metals
g) Applications of reactivity series
h) Noble metals: Definition of noble metals, Properties of noble metals, Uses of noble
metals, Purity of gold.
i) Metalloids: Definition, Properties and Uses.
j) Corrosion: Definition of corrosion, Theory of corrosion, Methods to prevent corrosion.
k) Alloys: Definition of alloy, Properties of alloys, Uses of alloys, Examples of alloys .
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6) Solutions
a) Solution – (i) Definition (ii) Components of solution
(iii) Types of solution: a)Gas in liquid
b) Liquid in liquid c) Solid in liquid d) Gas in solid
e) Liquid in solid f) Solid in solid g) Gas in gas
b) Solubility and types of solution in terms of solubility
i) unsaturated solution ii) Saturated solution iii) Supersaturated solution
c) Factors affecting the solubility of a substance - a) Nature of solute
b) Nature of solvent
c) Temperature
d) Concentration of a solution
e) Methods of expressing concentration of a solution
i) Composition by mass (% w/w)
ii) Volume percent (% v/v)
iv) Molality (m)
v) Mole fraction (X)
g) Relation between normality and molarity
iii) Molarity (M)
vi) Normality (N)
h) Deduction of normality equation
i) Problems
7) Analytical chemistry – Tests for a) Detection of gases
b) Detection of cations
c) Detection of anions
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