FRANKLIN D.
ROOSEVELT
Early Political Life through the New Deal
BIOGRAPHY
Born in Hyde Park, NY in 1882
Only Child, born into a wealthy New York Family
VERY close to his mother
Went to Groton Academy in Massachusetts, took to heart
the message of helping those less fortunate
Went to Harvard, but wasn’t a particularly good student
Got engaged to Eleanor in his Senior Year at Harvard
She was TR’s Niece
POLITICAL TIMELINE
New York State Senator (Democrat) - 1910$
Assistant Secretary of the Navy$
Ran for US Senate and lost$
Vice-Presidential Nominee$
elected Governor of New York in 1928$
Elected President in 1932
HARDSHIP
Write about something that you’ve overcome that
changed how you approached your life or how you
look at others. Imagine if that “something” took
away your ability to live in a normal way. How do
you think that would change you?
FIRST 100 DAYS
FDR brought this to the
Presidency$
Needed Help - “Brain Trust” Raymond Moley, Rexford Guy
Tugwell, and Adolph A. Berle, Jr.
Within a few months, Basil
("Doc") O'Connor, Samuel I.
Rosenman, and Hugh Johnson$
Cabinet - Took a much more
active roll$
Chart the first 100 Days…
The New Deal - A Periodic Table Representation
NEW DEAL PROGRAMS
CCC - Civilian Conservation Corps, CWA - Civil Works Administration,
FSA - Federal Security Agency. HOLC - Home Owner's Loan Corporation,
NRA - National Recovery Act, PWA - Public Works Administration, SSA Social Security Act, TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority, WPA - Works
Progress Administration, Banking Act of 1933
!
Questions Already Answered…..
What was the goal of the program?
Where, geographically, did it focus on (if applicable)?
What was the role of the Federal government in its implementation and success?
Were there any important individuals attributed to its success?
Why, could you argue, the program was necessary?
!
IN CLASS ACTIVITY
Share your program - 2 - 4 minutes$
All students should take notes on the program parts,
outcomes, etc. (put together your notes to turn in - 1
version per group)$
What are the similarities between the programs? $
How are they different?$
Who is the targeted population?
Group 1
Eric A. - CCC
Anthony B. – CWA
Caitlin D. – TVA
Richard K. - WPA
!
Group 2
Max B. - FSA
Tony O. - NRA
Tyler H. - Banking Act of 1933
Scotty W. - HOLC
!
Group 3
Corey V. - FSA
Sean N. - HOLC
Ryan C. - NRA
Kris S. - Banking Act of 1933
Owen R. - SSA
!
Group 4
Jordan T. - CCC
Andrew R. - TVA
Monica V. – CWA
Nicola C. - PWA
!
Group 5
Will W. - NRA
Arthur D. - SSA
Stephanie M. - FSA
Elijah - PWA
!
Group 6
Omar G. - WPA
Josie I. - CCC
Emily M. - CWA
Chris P. – PWA
Heidi C. - HOLC
!
NEW DEAL PROGRAMS
CIVIL WORKS ADMIN
Created under Federal Emergency Relief Admin - Along with the CCC$
To create jobs for the American people who could not find one on their own.$
Jobs were created all over the country building public structures like schools sewers and outhouses.
3000 jobs wee created in northfolk North Dakota and many other states received similar numbers.$
The federal government funded the construction projects which created the jobs for the people.$
Hary L. Hopkins was the head of the short term agency which focused on creating construction
jobs for Americans and franklin Roosevelt out it into action. The program was necessary because it
gave people money who otherwise would not have it thus circulating more money in the economy.$
The CWA's four million workers laid 12 million feet of sewer pipe and built or improved 255,000
miles of roads, 40,000 schools, 3,700 playgrounds, and nearly 1,000 airports (not to mention
[1]
250,000 outhouses still badly needed in rural America).
WPA…IN MARYLAND
*1,900,000 garments & other articles created in sewing room projects
*1,300,000 school lunches served
*1,348 miles of new or improved roads (enough roadwork to make a round trip from Deep Creek Lake in western Maryland to Ocean City...twice)
!
*237 new or improved bridges
!
*5,000 new or improved culverts
!
*400 schools built, improved, or repaired
!
*2,000 public buildings built, improved, or repaired (excluding schools)
!
*64 new or improved parks
!
*165 new or improved playgrounds & athletic fields
!
*9 swimming & wading pools
!
*39 new or improved utility plants
!
*124 miles of water lines installed (enough to extend from the Naval Academy in Annapolis to Assateague Island National Seashore on the
Atlantic Ocean)
!
*185 miles of sewer lines installed
!
*7 airports/airfields built, improved, or repaired
!
SOURCE : Federal Works Agency, Final Report on the WPA Program, 1935-1943, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946, pp.
134-36 (available for download at: http://lccn.loc.gov/47032199)
WPA/FSA
The Works Progress Administration ultimate goal was to give
millions of jobs to unemployed/ unskilled of America as a way to
fight the effects of the unemployment rate caused by the Great
Depression as well include constriction of buildings and roads.$
The Federal Security Agency was created by the President's
Reorganization Plan of 1939. It was effective July 1, 1939, as an
organization for the promotion of social and economic security,
educational opportunity, and health.$
The WPA was a nation wide effort because the Great Depression
affected everyone across the nation and millions of people across
the U.S. were out of jobs so this plan was to help benefit all
Americans to back on their feet and start working again.$
The FSA geographically focused on the whole country, considering it
was a federal agency.$
Works Progress Act involved the government into pretty much
every field of economy. Jobs were found for virtually every area of
employment (artists, writers, musicians, authors, etc). The WPA
was mainly the front runner of the New Deal.$
Franklin D. Roosevelt was an important/main contributor of the
WPA success due to him being the President of the time as well
it was part of his New Deal. The WPA, was a program to help the
unemployed individuals in America to find work.$
The program was necessary due to it being a relief measure in
America and give the non- working US citizens a boost to get off
their butts and get back into working the field and help America
as well their families benefit from their hard work and labor.
For a time, the agency oversaw food and drug safety as well as education
funding and the administration of public health programs and the Social
Security old-age pension plan. The FSA had oversight responsibility for
the following constituent units transferred from other agencies: Office
of Education, Public Health Service, National Youth Administration,
Civilian Conservation Corps, Social Security Board, and U.S.
Employment Service. In 1953 The Federal Security Agency was abolished
and most of its functions were transferred to the newly formed United
States Department of Health, Education and Welfare$
Its first director was Paul V. McNutt. Other Important people of the
FSA, were Franklin Roosevelt, Dwight Eisenhower, and Harry S.
Truman. President Harry S. Truman attempted to make the FSA a
department of the federal government, but this legislation was defeated.$
The FSA plan was designed to reduce the number of agencies reporting
directly to the president, this could of been necessary because it
combined many programs together to reduce other programs coming to
HOLC - Refinance home mortgages$
SSA - provide income for elderly people and those
that cannot work$
TVA - Provided electrical power, flood control,
and other economic development in the
Tennessee Valley$
FDIC - Insured Americans’ bank deposits up to
$100,000
OTHER NEW DEAL FACTS
Montra from Historians - “relief,
recovery, reform$
“Priming the Pump” - Funded the
programs through borrowing - deficitspending$
Federal Government’s debt in the 30s
was about $3 Billion every year. The
whole budget was only about $9 billion.$
Unemployment began to rise again in
1936 - Prompting “second new deal”$
Constitutional questions to the New
Deal - FDR new it - planned to “pack the
court”