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U h l T E G STA'TC:'. D E P A R T V E N T OF THE 1KTEFHOR
NATIONAL PARK $EF?V!CE
10-300
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5.72'
Arkansas
NATlOfiAL RECriSTER O F H1STDRIC P L A C E S
INVENTORY
NOIAINATIDN F O R M
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NAME
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AUD'OR H:SIOHlC-
17. L0CATtOt.I
1 STRCET
A N D NUMBER.
510 North Jackson Street
C L T Y O R TOMN:
I
E l Dorado
1 ST*TE
C O N G S E S S L O N A L 3 1 S T R l C T.
F~uxth
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Public Acquisitioa:
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Museum
Sc;crtii;c
EXG-~PNER
CF PROPERTY
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Sronrporration
Othwr (Specify)
P r i v a t e Resrdcncc
?Ailitory
OccuPitd
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: ~ ~ . . , ~ :
Mrs. Ernmet Coley and K i s s P e n e l o p e G a r r e t t
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1
S T i l E E T A N 0 NUMBER:
CJ
Garrett Estate
3
STATE:
C l T v O R TOnN:
tODF
Arkansas
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C o u r t h a u s e Square
STATE
CODE
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@ Artocsd
AND ORtGlNAL
Unclrer~d
( i f knownJ
Moved
P H Y S ~ C L I LA P P S A R A N C E
T h e M a t t h e w Rainey House w a s o r i g i n a l l y a two-storey c e n k r a l
hall p l a ? w i t h t w o rooms on each s i d e . It is of r e c t i n l i n e a r
shape ~ c i t hg a b l e roof-, B r i c k i n t e r i o r chimneys r l s e above
thz r i d g e l i n e - A o n e - s t o r e y m r t i c o w i t h second s t o r e y
porch g r s c o s t h f~r o n t entry- Heavy boxed colu:ms w i t h
simple c a p i t a l s carry t h e p o r t i c o r o o f .
the Rainey House, I t s
weatkerboard s i d i n g , s p r n e t r i c a l fenestration, green 2ou7rec
shutters and l a c k of ornamentation r e f l e c t a l o c a l building
Tarn a d a p t i v e "Lo both t3e 6 n r ; l r o n n e n t ~ lr e q u i r e ~ e n t sof t h e
area and t h e b u i l d i n g t e c h n o l c g y a v > i l a b l o . A w4de,
u n a d o r n e d entablature c o n t i n u o u s across t h e f ~ o n tand r e a r
o f the h o m e , window t r i m v i t h corner b l o c k s , a n d a srr.all
n a r t i c o e n t r y are the o n l y evidence of t h e a p p l i c a t i c n of a
p e r i o d s t y l e to t h e h o u s e . A door w i t h flankS-ng s i d e l i g h t s
and t r a n s o m light dornir.ztes t h e p o r t i c o entry.
A p r o v i n c i a l s t y l e best c h a r a c t e r i z e s
T h e intsriors of th? Rainey House m a i n t a i n the s i n p l e r e T L n 2 ment of t h e : exterio-s. T r i m about z l I fenestratian is fluted
:-ri?h c e r x r b l a c k s .
The wa21s a r e plas-lered over h a n c l s g l i t
l a t h e and covered ~ i t wallpaper.
h
fl m r ? . n g is still p r e s e n t .
T h e o r i g i n a l p i ~ ep l z n k
from
f r o 3 its o r i g f n a l s i t e t o its present l o c a t i o n . It new
s t a n d s on t h e edge of t h e four acre l o t on-which it was
originally c s n t e r e d ; therefore, t h e setting h a s not been
I n 1310 thc Rairey muse b;as caved a h u t 3C0 y a r d s
i
I
I
s r ~ i o u s l ya l t e r e d .
...
additions have been nadz across t h e r e a r of the
original s t r u c t u r e - .
the scuthxest the k i t c h e n f a c i l i t i e s
were joined to t h e house w i t h a covered passageway, azd a
bzdroom was added on the northwest. T h e area between t h e
k i t c h e n znd bedroom w a s m a d e i n t o a porch and w a s e n c l o s e d j u s t after t h e house was moved. T 3 e s e a d d i t i o n s are a r c h i tecturally in k e e p i n g w i t h t h e o r i g i n a l b u i l d i n g .
The
strurture is i n need of r e p a i r s f r o m water dmage caused by
poor dovnspouts a n d s l e a k y roof.
One-storey
1I
-
PLnlOD
(Checir Crrr rrr h f w s n s ~ p p r o p r l e t e )
Prc-Cnlumbian l
0
a lfrh
15th Century
S P E C I F I C O A T El51
~
AREAS
lath
l
c
~
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l (C
t h t*c F~r Otn r ~or
Abor ipinol
0
Century
( I I A p p f i c a S l c mnd K n W ~ r r )
j
a
Education
Engineering
Historic
Industry
Apriculntrv
0
Architscturs
17 La-dscaoe
At'
0
Comrnarca
Cj
Cmmunicotionr
Consorvation
C
. 1852
Q: 19th
20rh
Cenrury
C.nrvrr
r%foreu s Appmprisfm)
P~shirforic
I3
le?h Century
Can:urr
Invent;an
Archi?*e?vrs
n Lilet~ture
Mititory
@ hlusic
[T Paf;tical
n
Rrlagion/Phitosophr
a
science
0
S=u!ptvr-
Q
Soc~ol/Hvmom-
Urban Planning
Ozhtr {Specify)
l o c a l landmark
itarian
Theo~er
Transportalien
STATEMENT OF S E G N ~ F < K ~ N ~ ~
f i a i n c y Hause is a well preserved example of
p r o v i n c i a l Arkansas a r c h i t e c t u r e of t h e m i d - n i n e t e e n k h
c e n t u r y . T h e sirr2le l i n e s of t h i s tljio storey fszre r e s i dence are expressive of t h e u n p r 2 t e n t i o u s l i f e s t y l e prevalent in f r o n t i e r Arkansas.
B u i l t by the city's first
r e s i d e n t , the Rainey House h a s s t o o d z s an El Dorado lendmark for over one hundred years.
The ?Catthew F.
L i k e nany early nineteenth c e n t u r y Americans, M a t t h e w Rainey
~ o v e dwest, He was b o r n in V i r g F n S a and movee w i t h his
p z r e n t s to G e o r g i s , In 1820 3e m v e d to Green County,
-&laSam?, a n d nade it h i s home f o r a b o u t t w e n t y years. While
Zivir-q in Alzbama Rainey se,n-ed as p r e s i d e n t of t h e stzte's
f i r s t z g r i c u l t u r a l s o c i e t y , s h e r i f f 0 5 h i s home county, 2nd
a representative Zo the State L ~ g i s l a k u _ r e . . Y e t ; in tk.2 m i d s t
of t3is seeming success, a d v e r s i t y s e t in, Xainey lcst a l l
h i s money, his property, and even h i s f a m i l y home through
s e c u r i t y debts for several friends. When this misfortune
occurred, Rainey moved again, H i s f i n a l w e s t m r d journey
took h i r to Union County, Arkansas, w h e r e the f i n a n c i a l
and ? o l i t i c a l success of h i s Aplabama years were repeated.
L e g e n d h a s it thst P a i n z y s t o p p e d i n Union C o u n t y because ,
h i s wagon broke down there, Whatever the r e a s o n , it w a s a
w i s e or lucky 2 e c i s i a n on Raineyrs p a r t .
In 1843 county
~ o r n m i s s i ~ o n e rsse l e c t e d the area a r o u n d Rainey's cabin as
t h e b e s t s p o t on which to e s t a b l i s h a new anb m o r e centrally
l o c a t e d c o u n t y seat. On December 2 , 1343, 1w:atthew R a i n e y
doedad 160 acres of Iznd to Union C o u n t y , r e t a i n i n g a f o u r
a c r e t r a c t w h e r e he t h ~ nr e s i d e d in a c a b i n , and upon which
he p l a n n c d to build a h o u s e .
Uurir?? 3 . h ~n e ~ t e n y e a r s Rzicey once a g a i n bsca;ne a p o l i ticall). 2:: hi.ve Dex-acrst. In -5-pri1 , 1851, he p r e s i d e d o\r.rpr
t h e D-r.cr~:atic Stat-? Canvefition i n L i t t l e R o c k , a n d durinq
tS? n:?rt yegr w & s r r e r j u r n t l y n e n t l o n 2 d z s a g ~ b - 2 ~ r n a t ~ r i a l
c a n < i d z t e - I n s t s a d , h z !+!as e l e c h d to t h e S t a k e St"n?-Le
frorr, i:,iion Ccr!lrlr,y in t h e surnn.tr of 1 8 5 3 .
F o - n 13-3000
(July
i967)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TilE lNTERlDrl
NATIONAL PAR:< SERVtCE
NATIONAL R E G I S T E R 0 F HIST04 IC P L A C E S
IPlVENTOFiY
- HOMIHA? ICH FDRV
(Con tinration Sheet)
1I
8.
I
Union
F O R NPS USE ONLY
E N T R Y NUMBER
Significance ( C o n t i n u e d - Pagr 2 )
Sainsy's f i n a n c i a l success also r e t u r m d to him i n $.rkansas,
for in A x g u s t , 1853, he was able to p l e d g e 95,000.00 to b u i l d
2 r a i l r o a d E r c m Camden, A r k a n s a s , s o u t h t h r o u g h El Dorado,
2nd on to the s k a t e l i n e .
B y thzt t i m e his new h o u s e , planned
t z n y?ars S e f o r e , w a s probaSly completed.
Cn S e p t e ~ k t e r16, 1 8 5 3 , ?-;at_khes.~R a i n e y d i e d , T h e r e s i d e r ~ c c
v i h i c h Sezrs h i s name, p l a n n e d in 1843, and completed b y 1853,
still s t a n d s in El Dorado t o d z y a s an eyer p r e s e n t r e m i n d e r
cf k3e city's f i r s t c 5 . t i z e n .
It i s t 3 t o l d e s t h o u s e in t h e
connunity and one of the cozt i r r ~ p o r t a n th i s t o r i c s i t e s i n the
county*
-
, - - -
7 . A!'rJ<?? GIBLICIGZkPHICAL
I-r ----i r X e n a a s
REFERENCES
Gszetta.
J a n u a r y 9 , 1052; July 2 9 , August 12,
S o 2 t e ~ s e r16, 1 8 5 3 ,
P.rkansas H i s t o r y Cornnission.
A r c h i - v ~ ,s L e t t e r s of.Matthex
F - Z a i n e y to C.. C. r r K i L L t t t Scott i n C. C. S c o t t
!
Col l a c t i o n ,
i
k r k a n s s s H i s t o r y Comsission.
Union C o u n t y Tax R e c o r d s ,
1838-1556 ( M i c r o f i l n ) .
Spencer, Annie L a u r i e ,
"The B l a c k s of U c i o n County
A r k a n s a s H i s t o r i c a l Quarterly, XII, 1 9 5 3 .
."
[ tc.,, GEOGRAPHICAL CATA
.
. , . .
r
.
.*
.
-
OF L E S S T H A N f f N ACRES
COAWZR
L ~ f l f W D t
LAflTUDE
LONGITUDE
Dtsrcat !&nuke* Seconds
9.v
(I
APPPDXIMATE A t R h A G f
O F NOLIINATES PROPERTY:
less t h a n nn- arre
1'-?ST A L L S T A T E S A N D C O U N T I E S F O R P R O P E F I T I E S O V E R L A P P I N G S T A T E O R C O U N T Y B O U Y D A R I E S
5 T ATE:
STA
TE:
COPE
CWJNTY
CODE
CODE
COUNTY.
CODE
CODE
COUNTY:
CODE
-
TATK:
I
-
FURA! P R E P A R E DBY .
IN~\V.-CAND
I
.
.
.-
II
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,
1
.
.
i r T L E:
Anthony S - R i d d l e , Architect a n d Dianna Ki rk, H i
s+nrian
O R G L P ~ IT A T I O N
.- ~ l a z ?bkst, S u i t e
1030,
~ i t t l e~ o c k
,
5TfiTE
. .
Arkansas
'
As the d e s i g n a i d S:nte Liaison Officer for the Nat on31 Illstwic T r e s e r v a t i o ~~ c ott 1966 (Public L a w
89.665). I hereby nominate t h i s property f o r inclusion
r? the N a t i o n a l R e g i s t e r a n d certify ?hat i t h a s hren
h valuated accmltnq t o Ihe c-iteria aad proe&tcs
!?;-el el significance of this morninatton is:
P;c:in.w!
J
Stale
IDATE
M c K i ~ l e yarzd b e Streets
C I T Y OR T O w Y :
/
..
Local
set
:
1
1
X A T ~ O H & LREGISTER YERlFiCATIO$
I hereby certiry'ha'
Natinna'
"'5
property is incfu'ed in
.
'he
UNITED STATES DE PARTMEPIT OF THE lHTERlOB
PIATIONAL P A R Y SERVICE
NATIOHAL R E G 3 S T E 2 O F HlSTORlC P L A C E S
PROPERTY fHOTOGRAPH FORM
( T y p e all er?tiies - tlztixh to OT en close wit.+ p?of@raph1
-
-
I. NXfJ5
krr:O-
h?lD/OFl HlSTORtC
~ Z k i ~ e b Rainey
!
STAT
7
N U M E R I C C O D E (I?5*!@&
b y ,VPS)
House
ICOUHTV
L
I
.iirkzn s a s
STREET
-2-
1 TOYIN
I El
Union
Eor+do
eiND N U M B E R
3. PH3TO F?EFEF!EFlCE
P H O T O CUEDlT
Z o S n r t Dunn
4.
NEGATZVE FILE0 A T
DATE
Arkansas Historic
P r e s e r v a t i o n Psoaram
1974
G
IOENf!ElfATICY
!
O E S C R l a E V I E W . UIRECTION. @TC.
E a s t facade, viewed f r o m t h e e a s t
t
G P O 93tCi9
UNITED STATES DEPAZTMENT OF T H E l N T E R i O R
N A T r O 3 A L P A R K Sf R V I C E
F O R U 11-331, A
16/72!
N A T I C Y A L REGISTER O f HffPORIC PLACES
FRO?ERTYPHOTOGRA?# F O W
{Type a]! entries - attach to or mcloae with phoio$ra+l
.. -.cowwos
1
I
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bl
ALIE
, 3 r .
AND/OR
W~ITQAIC
Mat t h e w Rainey House
1. LOCATION
COUNTY
STATE
Union
Arkansas
TOW&
El Dsrado
sf~ E E T
A N D HUHBER
1
5 10 Xsrth J a c k s o n
I
3. PHOTO REFEREFlCE
DATE
P H O Y O CSEOIT
1974
?,okert Dunn
-
IQErlTlFICAT 15:;
--A:.
+-
U E S C R I S E V I E ~5 l ? e = T l o m .
Erc
T n t ~ r i o rs h o t from rear of c e n t r a l h a l l .
?;- t ~ z ~ k + i rvisible
!c
a?.ove ent-ranee..
.-
N F G A T l V E FILED A T
Arkansas H i s t o r i c
P r s s e r v a k i ~ nPrograx
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Farm 70.301
(July 19691
UNITED S T A T E 5 DEPARTMENT OF THE I N f ERlOi?
MATIOVAL PARK SERVlCE
b ; - ;
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORlC PLACES
PROPERTY MAP FORM
(- -T ~ g eaSI entries a tta& to or emclose wjlh map)
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2. LOCAflCN
= O U N TY
STATE
J-rkansas
Union
TOWN
E l D~xado
S T R E E T A N D NVWaER
5 70 Xnrtt? Jackson S t r ~ E t
3. )!AP REFERENCE53L19CE
u. S,G
- 5 - SerZes
I
DATE
7951
SCALL
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