Author: Elisabetta Demattio
Golden-yellow crystals, a precipitation reaction
School
o Primary
o Middle
Year / Class
o 1
o 2
Subject :
Natural Sciences
CLIL language
Teacher / Teaching
team profile
Timetable fit
Resources & tools
o 3
o 5
● 4
Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium,
Precipitation reactions
English
Teacher’s role:
● Main Teacher
o Co-teacher
o Other: ______________
Subject taught:
Natural Sciences
Teacher’s role:
o Main Teacher
o Co-teacher
o Other: ______________
Subject taught:
________________
CEFR Level:
Student group
profile (general)
● High
o A1
● B1
● Experiences of CLIL
o English mother tongue
o Other mother tongue
o A2
● B2
o C1
o C2
o Migrant background
o Special Educational Needs :___
o Other: _________________
Previous lessons:
Heterogeneous Equilibrium, solubility
and Ksp
Future lessons:
Equilibrium concentrations following
precipitation. Exercises to calculate
each substance’s concentration at
equilibrium after precipitation.
o Module
● Lesson
- Laboratory equipment for exploring the topic through a chemistry
experiment
- Original documents (as .odt and .pdf files):
- Precipitation Reactions Teacher's guide
- Precipitation Reactions lesson 1 (complete version)
- Precipitation Reactions lesson 2 (1 hour lesson, an example)
- Precipitation Reactions Worksheet
- various texts from Chemistry (modified), Downloaded for free at
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
- link to a quiz from www.quizlet.com
https://quizlet.com/74150354/lab-equipment-names-and-pictures-flashcards/original
This resource has no Creative Common Licence, therefore there's only the
link.
Author: Elisabetta Demattio
- Texts and on-line quizzes from www.ck12.org
- Solubility Equilibrium, from www.ck12.org (1)
- On-line assessment quiz: Predicting Precipitates Using Solubility
Rules Practice, from www.ck12.org (2)
- On-line assessment quiz: Predicting Precipitations Practice from
www.ck12.org (3)
- Video of Crash Course, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIu16dy3ThI
and transcript, https://nerdfighteria.info/video/144/IIu16dy3ThI,
This resource has no Creative Common Licence, therefore there's only the
link.
- Videos of Khan Academy, All Khan Academy content is available for free at
www.khanacademy.org
- links to other educations web sites: http://www.bozemanscience.com/apchemistry/ and https://www.youtube.com/user/mrcausey
- Images from https://pixabay.com and from www.wikipedia.com, Creative
Commons CC0 Licence.
Detailed links from www.ck12.org
(1) http://www.ck12.org/section/Solubility-Equilibrium-%3A%3Aof%3A
%3A-Equilibrium-%3A%3Aof%3A%3A-CK-12-Chemistry-Intermediate/
(2) http://www.ck12.org/chemistry/Predicting-Precipitates-Using-SolubilityRules/asmtpractice/Predicting-Precipitates-Using-Solubility-Rules-Practice/
(3) http://www.ck12.org/chemistry/PredictingPrecipitates/asmtpractice/Predicting-Precipitates-Practice/
Author: Elisabetta Demattio
Subject
Students’ prior
knowledge, skills,
competencies
Language
The students already know the basic Most of the students are able to:
information about:
• ask and answer questions
• the general theory of chemical
• name different chemical substances
equilibrium, homogeneous and
• read chemical equations in words
heterogenous equilibrium,
• read mathematical expressions in
dissolution equilibrium, the
words
expression of Kc and Ksp, the
• define and describe
importance of reaction quotient Q • listen or read for key words
• the law of Le Chatelier.
• skim and scan in a new text
• explain causes and effects
Most of the students are already
• predict using conditional tenses
able to:
• summarize
• do calculations with molar
• cooperate during activities
masses, molar concentration and • share ideas in the group before giving
volume
or writing solutions
• prepare a solution of given
• give peer feedback
volume and concentration
• report back in plenary or to another
• write solubility product constant
group.
expressions
• analyse the context of a system
using the ICE (initial, change,
equilibrium) Table and the
disposable concentration data
• calculate equilibrium
concentrations and Kc using the
ICE table
• calculate for a solubility
equilibrium the solubility from
Ksp and viceversa
• work in groups of cooperative
learning.
Learning Outcomes
expected for this
lesson
Aims of the lesson - Cognitive skills
The students will (cognitive and practical skills):
• practise naming chemical compounds and ions and reading and writing
chemical equations, both in molecular and ion net equations
• practise observation paying attention to changes during chemical reactions
(colour, turbidity and formation of precipitate)
• follow experiment procedures
• practise prediction of precipitation reactions.
Aims of the lesson - Linguistic skills
The students will (communicative skills):
• practise reading, writing, listening, reading for key words, skimming and
scanning, defining, describing, reporting, asking and answering,
• collaborate during the experiment and the tasks doing calculations,
measurements, following instructions and processing information
Author: Elisabetta Demattio
• communicate with the members of the workgroup, with the whole class and
the teacher (speaking and writing)
• practise specific scientific language.
Learning outcomes - Cognitive skills
Most students should know...
• that when two salt solutions are mixed together a precipitation reaction is
possible if there are ions that could combine to form an insoluble salt
• the theory behind the precipitation reactions: the relations between
solubility, solubility product constant, concentrations and precipitation
reactions
• some solubility rules
• some subject specific terminology
• specific chemical structures to describe dissolution and precipitation
reactions, both in molecular and net ionic equations.
Most students should be able to...
• define a common type of chemical reaction, the precipitation reaction
• observe and identify a precipitation reaction
• predict the solubility of common inorganic compounds by using solubility
rules and Ksp constant table (predict the behaviour of a system)
•
•
•
•
•
•
process information to find out unknown data
represent and communicate information
predict whether a salt can precipitate in a known condition
check and evaluate their work
use scientific terminology and subject specific language to explain
explain cause and effect.
Most students should be aware of...
• the importance of being able to put together practice and theory
• the importance of doing practical exercises for being able to understand
chemistry
• the abundance of equilibrium reactions in nature.
Learning outcomes - Linguistic skills
Most students should be able to... (communication skills)
• recognise and name laboratory equipment in L2 (if they can’t already)
• report a group's idea and task's solution
• read chemical equations (also in ions) and difficult mathematical
expressions as that of Ksp in words
• repeat experiment procedure terms in groups
• define and describe what they observe in terms of chemical characteristics,
systems and processes
• express a prediction or hypothesis regarding a change, an equilibrium
system's behaviour
• explain causes and effects related to reactions
• summarize using key words related to the lesson's topic.
Author: Elisabetta Demattio
Methodology
How the teacher in a particular lesson manages to integrate language and content
This lesson is based on a laboratory experiment.
In this particular lesson, the teacher speaking time is quantitatively very limited and focused
mostly in giving instructions, supporting language and correcting possible mistakes.
The students have to follow, almost by themselves, clear instructions and they have to do
many various tasks concerning the topic but also they have to communicate. At least one
student in turn after the given time has to report and to explain the solution in plenary, either
at the blackboard or orally or also comparing it with another group.
In particular, especially during the experiment, students have to work in groups of mixed
level and it is suggested in groups of three, each one with a specific role:
A) the less advanced student has to be the solver, that is the first one that has to suggest a
solution, e.g. beginning with considering the disposable data and the law to apply; if he has
difficulties, the others have to work in turn, first the writer/speaker and then the chief
controller;
B) the middle advanced student is the writer/speaker that has to write the solution as
expressed by the solver, to check and possibly correct what is done and to share the answer
with the whole class; in a CLIL lesson he possibly has to be also the language controller;
C) the more advanced student is the chief controller, he should not directly solve problems or
answer questions, but to overview the work of both the others and to correct it if mistakes are
made and to support them; only if the others don't manage to carry on the task, he has to
propose a solution.
Each student has therefore to communicate in the group during each task in order to
accomplish it.
For an interesting article about cooperative learning see the article (in Italian): Liberato
Cardellini, Richard M. Felder. L'apprendimento cooperativo: un metodo per migliorare la
preparazione e l'acquisizione di abilità cognitive negli studenti. La Chimica nella Scuola, 21
(1), 18-25 (1999).
Instructions
The lesson is based on a laboratory experience, hence there is a strong constraint: it has to be
carried out in one lesson, in an hour (50') or in two.
If there is enough time, the lesson can be done entirely, otherwise the teacher has to choose
the most appropriate task available to be done by the class (in warm up, language support and
review, for example), the others can be done previously (for example warm up, basic
information and language support) or afterwards as homework (for example in the review the
video). There are 2 files, one for a complete lesson and one for a possible option of 1 hour
lesson, in which some tasks have been left out (but the information has been given anyway as
text).
Activity
Activity aims
What is the
purpose of this
activity of the
lesson.
To present the
lesson's topic and
0
the aims of the
Presentation lesson.
of the lesson
and aims
1
Warm Up
Questions
Activity
Procedure
What will happen
during this stage of
the lesson
Assessment
Language
Competencies
developed
The teacher presents the students the topic
of the lesson, the
modality (a chemical
experiment) and what
they will do in
general during the
lesson.
To activate prior The students read
Reading,
knowledge from four statements and in understanding,
previous lessons. groups write four
writing,
To review subject suitable questions.
questioning.
knowledge and
specific
terminology
Interaction
Timing
What materials are used during the lesson?
Flashcards, pictures, songs, PowerPoint, ICT
tools, etc.
All materials should be referenced clearly
paying attention to the copyright rules
The timing of
each activity
should be as
accurate as
possible.
Assessment tools
in relation to the
learning
outcomes of the
lesson
Whole class
- Original presentation document
-
-
Group work
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Solubility Equilibrium
from www.ck12.org (1)
- worksheet
2 minutes to Formative.
complete + 2 Four students in
plenary
turn have to
report the task
orally.
o
o
o
o
Whole class
Group work
Pair work
Individual work
Materials (please cite all sources)
To introduce the The students read a
issue about
text with 10 gaps and
precipitation
fill in the blanks with
reaction.
given terms.
2/A
To know that when
Basic
two salts are
information: mixed together a
Fill the gaps precipitation
reaction is
possible.
2/B
Basic
information:
Scan the text
2/C
Basic
information:
recognising
words
2/D
Basic
information
and
examples:
matching
texts to
pictures
To introduce the
issue and find
important
information.
Reading,
Individual work
understanding
context,
recognising key
words and context.
The students scan the Reading,
Individual work
text to find the
understanding
answer of a question. context,
recognising key
words and context,
scanning for
information.
To introduce the The students scan the Reading,
Individual work
issue and find key text to find words
understanding,
words.
related to the issue of recognising key
the lesson and
words and context,
scientific words.
scanning for
information.
To introduce the The students read
Reading,
Individual work
issue and present eight
understanding,
some examples of descriptions/brief
recognising,
precipitation
texts and match them analysing,
reaction in real
to eight pictures.
correlate, match.
life.
To be aware of the
abundance of
precipitation
reactions in nature.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
2 minutes to
- text taken from Chemistry
complete + 2
Download for free at
plenary
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
- worksheet
Formative.
Five students in
turn have to
report the task
orally.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Same text as above.
- worksheet
1 minute to Formative.
complete + 1 One student in
in plenary
turn has to report
the task orally.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- worksheet
1 minute to Formative.
complete
Five students in
+ 1 in plenary turn have to
report the task
orally.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- worksheet
2 minutes to Formative.
complete + 1 Eight students in
in plenary
turn have to
report the task
orally.
3
Language
support:
various
activities,
only if they
need help
(only in the 2
hours lesson)
4
Laboratory
experiment
step 1 + 2:
calculations
and
preparation
of two
solutions
5
Dissolution
equations
To review specific The students read
Recalling,
Individual work
language, words some terms and
recognising,
and structures.
definitions, and do
naming, using
To practise naming some activities to
terms properly,
chemical
review language
review chemical
compounds and (matching words with functions.
ions.
definitions, table
filling, recognise
objects and their
purposes).
To do only if they
need and only if
there's time enough
(otherwise choose
only one activity)
To develop the
The students do some To collaborate
Group work
issue.
calculations;
during the
To analyse data, measures masses and experiment and the
process
prepare two chemical tasks.
information to find solutions.
To communicate
out unknown data,
with the members
applying chemical
of the group.
rules, to follow an
To practise
experimental
scientific
procedure,
language.
To repeat
experiment
procedure terms in
groups.
To analyse the
The students read a To write and read Group work
context chemically short text and write chemical reactions
and write
the dissolution
in words.
dissolution
reactions of the two To collaborate and
equations,
solutions.
communicate with
applying chemical
the members of
procedures.
the group.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- worksheet
- texts taken from Chemistry
Download for free at
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
- link to quizlet.com
https://quizlet.com/74150354/lab-equipmentnames-and-pictures-flash-cards/original
This resource has no Creative Common
Licence, therefore there's only the link.
Some minutes Formative.
to complete, Some students in
each activity turn have to
1 minute + < report the task
1 minute in orally.
plenary
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
7 minutes to Formative.
complete + 5 Two students in
in plenary
turn have to
report the task at
the blackboard.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
1 minute to
- Worksheet
complete + 1
- Texts also taken from Chemistry
in plenary
Download for free at
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
Formative.
Two students
have to report the
task at the
blackboard.
6
Laboratory
experiment:
predicting
7
Laboratory
experiment:
net ionic
equation
8
Laboratory
experiment:
step 3
observation
To analyse the
The students answer a To write and read Group work
context
question, read a short chemical reactions
chemically,
text, sum two
in words.
explain why a
reactions, write it in To predict and
reaction would
another way and
hypothesize.
take place and
using some data from To collaborate and
predict the
a table predict the
communicate with
products of this
system's behaviour. the members of
reaction scanning
the group.
and processing
some new
information.
To apply solubility
rules, to
hypothesize.
To analyse and
The students write the To write and read Group work
describe the
reaction in another chemical reactions
context chemically way, underlining the in words.
applying equations presence of ions in To read difficult
rules.
solutions.
mathematical
To solve an
expressions such
equation.
as that of Q in
To predict whether
words.
a salt would
To collaborate and
precipitate in a
communicate with
known condition
the members of
(calculating Q).
the group.
To observe and
The students observe Defining and
Group work
identify a
and describe, explain describing
precipitation
and reason about the processes,
reaction.
processes that take suggesting
To explain some place.
reasons,
phenomena.
explaining.
To collaborate and
communicate with
the members of
the group.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
3 minutes to Formative.
- Worksheet
complete + 2- Three students in
- Texts also taken from Chemistry
3 in plenary turn have to
Download for free at
report the task
http://cnx.org/contents/85abf193-2bd2-4908orally and at the
[email protected]
blackboard.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
2 minutes to
- Worksheet
complete + 2
- Texts also taken from Chemistry
in plenary
Download for free at
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
Formative.
One student has
to report the task
at the blackboard
and one orally.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
Self-assessment.
The groups have
to compare their
answer with
another group.
Formative
assessment:
Three students in
turn have to
report the task
orally.
2 minutes to
complete + 2
minutes in
plenary
To observe another Only the teacher
Observing
step that enhances completes this step of phenomena
Laboratory the beauty of some the experiment (the
experiment: reactions’
liquid has to be
step 4
products.
heated and then
only if
cooled down slowly)
there's
time...
Whole class
-
To review the key
points of the
Review
lesson.
content and To define the
sum up:
precipitation
the best
reaction.
To review the key
points of the
10/B
lesson, to explain
Review
content and characteristics and
processes.
sum up:
a video
(only in a 2
hours lesson)
Group work
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
9
10/A
The students write the Summarising,
best sentence in 5
defining,
lines to describe
explaining using
precipitation
scientific terms
reactions
accurately.
The students watch Listening, general Individual work
and listen to brief
understanding,
parts of a video about detailed
precipitation
understanding,
reactions and do
answering, writing
some tasks (answer following specific
questions, predict and rules, predicting
write chemical
reactions)
To review the key The students answer Understanding,
Individual work
points of the
some questions in an analysing,
11
lesson and enable on-line quiz about
applying,
Self
the students to self precipitation
comparing
assessment: assess their
reactions
an on-line understanding of
quiz
the issue.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
- Link to the video Precipitation Reactions:
Crash Course Chemistry #9 from the Crash
Course YouTube channel by John and Hank
Green.
https://www.youtube.com/user/crashcourse
This resource has no Creative Common
Licence, therefore there's only the link.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
- On-line quiz from
www.ck12.org
http://www.ck12.org/chemistry/PredictingPrecipitates-Using-SolubilityRules/asmtpractice/Predicting-PrecipitatesUsing-Solubility-Rules-Practice/
Various
minutes to
complete (but
it can be done
in the same
time as the
following
tasks)
2 minutes to Self-assessment.
complete + 2 The groups have
for comparing to compare their
answer with
another group.
20 minutes to Formative.
complete
Five students in
turn have to
report the task
orally.
2 minutes to Self-assessment.
complete
Formative.
Ten students in
turn have to
answer the
question in
plenary.
To review the key
points of the
lesson, enable the
students to selfassess their
understanding of
the issue,
understand more
deeply the
12
Homework: processes and
various tasks practise skills
(cognitive and
linguistic)
The students answer All the skills of the Individual work
some questions in
outcomes.
another on-line quiz
about precipitation
reactions, do some
exercises, and watch
some videos.
- Precipitation reaction lesson 1 or 2
- Worksheet
- On-line quiz
Predicting Precipitates Practise:
http://www.ck12.org/chemistry/PredictingPrecipitates/asmtpractice/PredictingPrecipitates-Practice/
- linkS to Khan Academy videos about the
issue
All Khan Academy content is available for free
at www.khanacademy.org
- Chemistry
Download for free at
http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
- links to other educations web sites:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/apchemistry/
https://www.youtube.com/user/mrcausey
Self-assessment.