Properties of Matter Study Guide
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Key words: Know the definitions and how to use them in sentences.
matter
ductility
molecule
volume
solubility
compound
weight
density
heterogeneous mixture
gravity
boiling point
homogeneous mixture
mass
melting point
chemical property
physical property
solute
flammability
conductivity
solvent
reactivity
malleability
atom
precipitate
element
Explain why a solution is classified as a mixture rather than a compound.
viscosity
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Identify the following changes as either physical or chemical. Be able to explain your answer.
1. Burning coal
2. Baking brownies
3. Dissolving sugar in tea
4. Melting butter
5. Exploding fireworks
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What are the signs of a chemical change?
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What are the two types of pure substances? How are they alike? How are they different?
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What are the three types of mixtures? (solutions, suspensions & colloids)How are they alike? How are they
different?
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Matter: anything that has mass and volume
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Pure Substance: matter that always has the same composition
1. Element:
a) simplest kind of matter
b) cannot be broken down into other kinds of matter by ordinary chemical means
c) chemical symbol is shorthand for writing name of elements
d) no two elements have the same symbol
2. Compound:
a) substance made up of two or more elements which have been combined chemically
b) elements often lose their special properties
Facts to know about the Classification of Matter
Matter: anything that has mass and volume
Pure Substance: matter that always has the same composition
1. Element:
a) simplest kind of matter
b) cannot be broken down into other kinds of matter by ordinary chemical means
c) chemical symbol is shorthand for writing name of elements
d) no two elements have the same symbol
2. Compound:
a) substance made up of two or more elements which have been combined chemically
b) elements often lose their special properties
c) 18th century, English chemist, John Dalton discovered that elements combine in definite proportions to
form compounds
Mixture: matter containing two or more substances which are not chemically combined
1. when elements or compounds are mixed, they keep their own properties
2. there is no definite formula
3. solution: uniform mixture – the solution at the top would be exactly the same as the solution at the bottom
a) cannot be separated by usual filtration
b) solvent: does the dissolving
c) solute: the substance which is dissolved
d) miscible: when liquids mix to form a solution
e) immiscible: when liquids do not mix
4. suspension: a mixture in which the particles in a liquid are larger than molecules or ions
a) particles are large enough to block light so suspensions are cloudy
b) particles can settle out of the liquid
c) in the lab, can use filter paper to remove the particles in a suspension
5. colloid: a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out
a) particles are large enough to scatter light so colloids are cloudy
b) particles are relatively small and fairly well distributed
c) like solutions, colloids do not separate into layers
d) in the lab, cannot use filter paper to separate the parts of a colloid.
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How does a heterogeneous mixture differ from a homogeneous
Mixture?
1. Size of particles
2. Ability to separate into layers
3. Method used to separate (filtration or distillation)
4. Ability to scatter light
Be sure to review your HW, Notes, Labs, Do Nows, and your Open Binder Quiz. 
Classification of Matter
MATTER
Mixture
Pure Substance
Element
s
Compound
s
Homogeneous
Solution
Suspension
s
Colloid
Heterogeneous
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Volume is the amount of space a substance of matter occupies.
Mass and weight of matter are the same things.
You find the density of a substance by dividing its volume by its weight.
All matter has mass.
In a mixture, elements or compounds are blended without a chemical reaction.
Compounds are chemically bonded together.
A colloid has smaller particles than a solution.
In a suspension, particles cannot be seen through a microscope.
Butter, toothpaste, paint, whipped cream, and fog are all colloids.
Not all matter takes up space.
A boiling point is a chemical property of a substance.
In a homogeneous mixture, particles are spread evenly throughout the mixture.
The ability of metals to rust is a physical property of metals.
The speed of evaporation is a physical property of a liquid.
Sublimation is the change from solid to a gas without becoming a liquid first.
Viscosity is a property of a gas.
A solution is a kind of a mixture.