Unit 5
Electronic Structure and the PT
AP Chemistry Problem Set
53. The electron affinities of five elements are given below.
12 kcal/mole
13Al
32 kcal/mole
14Si
17 kcal/mole
15P
48 kcal/mole
16S
87 kcal/mole
17Cl
Define the term “electron affinity” of an atom. For the elements listed above, explain the
observed trend with the increase in atomic number. Account for the discontinuity that
occurs at phosphorus.
54. Elect the most electronegative element in each of the following sets:
a. Se, Rb, O, In
b. Al, Ca C, Si
c. Ge, As, P, Sn
d. Li, Rb, Be, Sr
e. Ga, P, Cl, Na
Unit 5
Electronic Structure and the PT
AP Chemistry Problem Set
55. What is the most electronegative element in group 6A?
56. What is the least electronegative element in the group Al, Si, P?
57. How do periodic trends for electronegativity relate to those for ionization energy and
electron affinity?
Unit 5
Electronic Structure and the PT
AP Chemistry Problem Set
58. The table below contains some physical and chemical properties of metals and nonmetals.
What characteristic of the electronic configuration of atoms distinguishes metals from
nonmetals. On the basis of this characteristic explain why there are many more metals
than nonmetals.
metals
Physical properties:
melting
rel. high
points
elec. conduct. good
luster
high
physical
most solids
state
Chemical properties:
redox agents reducing
electropositive
oxides
Basic or amphoteric
react with
nonmetals
non-metals
rel. low
insulators
little or none
gases, liq. or solids
oxid. or reducing
electronegative
acidic
metals & non-metals