Study Guide: Protists and Fungus
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1. Protists with animal-like characteristics are called ~(
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2. Protozoans are all
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are protozoans that move by means of flagella.
7. Some zooflagellates are free-living
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8. Which zooflagellate parasite causes African Sleepuw Sickness in humans? hp{J./J OS{J,n
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are protozoans that have bodies covered with short hairlike projections called
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is a common freshwater ciliate.
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12. The protozoans that have NO structures for movement, and lives by being a parasite in animals are the
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14. Protozoans can grow and reproduce only in
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is a collection of mostly microscopic organisms that float near the surface of the
16. The ciliophora that moves by cilia
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17. The insect that transmits malaria to humans is the
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19. Most protists are made up of
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is a process of sexual reproduction in ciliates ..
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20. Most protists live in a
21. Some protists have
environment.
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22. Disease cauring protists are transmitted mainly by insects and contaminated
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have the ability to produce light but can also produce a
to shellfish.
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Fungi Review
31. Fungi have FOUR Characteristics in common:
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32. Most fungi are
filaments called
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orgarnsms. The body of a fungus consists of tiny
33. The mass of tangled, interwoven hyphae that form the body of a fungus is called a
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34. An organism that digestfd:ad organisms and absorbs their nutrients is called a
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35. The reproductive structures of fungi that produce spores are
36. Spores1cannot move themselves, but can be dispersed by
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DIRECTIONS: Answer the questions below as completely and as thoroughly as possible. Answer the question
in essay form (not outline form), using complete sentences. You may use diagrams to supplement your answers,
but a diagram alone without appropriate discussion is inadequate.
1. What characteristics do protozoans share?
Protozoans are either unicellular or multicellular. They are found in moist habitats and are all
classified according to the way they move.
2. Describe the three ways that protists reproduce.
Protists can reproduce by binary fission. During binary fission, the protist will double in size and
split in half. They can also reproduce via conjugation. During conjugation, two protists will
exchange genetic material. Lastly, some protists can reproduce by spores.
3. Describe the four types of location protozoa.
The sarcodines move via pseudopods (false feet). The ciliophorans move by cilia. The
zooflagellates move by a whiplike flagella, the sporozoans don’t move at all and need to be carried
from place to place by a host.
4. Explain how parasitic zooflagellates infect their hosts. Give two examples.
Zooflagellates infect their host through the bite of some type of insect, usually a mosquito or tsetse
fly. Once the fly bites a host, the zooflagellate travels through the bloodstream and attacks certain
parts of the host’s body. Once in the bloodstream, a fly will bite the host and take up some of the
zoooflagellates and the cycle will repeat itself.
5. Explain the role of protozoa in aquatic ecosystem food chains?
Protozoa, specifically algae, serve an important role in the aquatic food chain. They form the
bottom of the food chain. So, if they disappear every organism that feeds on them will be affected.
6. Explain one way in which a protozoan is parasitic and mutualistic.
One type of parasitic protozoan is the Plasmodium. The Plasmodium forms spores and must be
carried from place to place by a host. A mutualistic protozoan is the trichonympha. The
trichonympha live in the gut of the termites that helps it digest wood.
7. What characteristics do all fungi have in common?
All fungi are multicellular heterotrophs, live on dead organisms (saprophytes), decomposers, and
grow in warm, moist environments.
8. Explain how fungi obtain nutrients and food.
Fungi obtain nutrients by digesting food outside of their bodies and ingesting it.
9. Explain what would happen to a terrestrial ecosystem if fungi disappeared?
If fungi disappeared from a terrestrial ecosystem, dead things would decompose and nutrients
wouldn’t be cycled through the ecosystem.
10. Explain why all the fungal diseases discussed in class occur where they do?
In class we discussed three fungal diseases. They all occurred in moist areas of the body.