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AP Chemistry Blizzard Bag 2014 - 2015 Interaction of Matter
1.
Phosphorus and oxygen can combine to form the phosphate ion (PO43-). How many electrons
must be represented in the Lewis dot structure for the phosphate ion?
A. 29 electrons
B. 33 electrons
C. 27 electrons
D. 24 electrons
E. 32 electrons
2. By bonding to which of the following ions will the phosphate ion (PO 43-) precipitate out of
solution?
I. sodium ion (Na+)
II. ammonium ion (NH4+)
III. lead ion (Pb2+)
A. III only
B. I and III only
C. I, II, and III
D. II only
E. II and III only
3. An ionic compound made of iron (Fe) and oxygen (O) has a formula weight of 159.6 amu.
What is the empirical formula for this compound? (Assume the atomic weight of iron is 55.8
amu and oxygen is 16.0 amu.)
A. FeO2
B. Fe3O2
C. Fe2O3
D. Fe2O
E. FeO
4. Which of the following molecular geometries arise from a tetrahedral electron-domain
geometry?
I. tetrahedral
II. trigonal pyramidal
III. bent
A. I and II only
B. I, II, and III
C. I and III only
D. II and III only
E. II only
5. A chemist has measured the percent composition by mass of the elements in a compound.
His measurements are
carbon: 40.0%
oxygen: 53.3%
hydrogen: 6.7%
Which of the following could be the molecular formula of the compound?
(Assume the atomic weight of carbon is 12.0 amu, of oxygen is 16.0 amu, and of hydrogen is 1.0
amu.)
I. formic acid (H2CO)
II. glucose (C6H12O6)
III. lactic acid (C3H6O3)
IV. acetic acid (CH3CO2H)
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I, II, III, and IV
D. II and III only
E. I, II, and IV only
6. What ions are represented in the net ionic equation for this reaction?
K2SO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbSO4(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)
I. K+
II. SO42III. Pb2+
IV. NO3A. I and IV only
B. I, II, III, and IV
C. III and IV only
D. I and II only
E. II and III only
7. A chemical equation includes the expression 3H2SO4. How should this expression be read?
A. 3 grams of sulfuric acid
B. 3 moles of sulfuric acid
C. 3 moles of hydrogen gas and 1 mole of sulfur tetroxide
D. 6 moles of hydrogen, 3 moles of sulfur, and 12 moles of oxygen
E. 6 atoms of hydrogen, 3 atoms of sulfur, and 12 atoms of oxygen
8. In which of the following molecules is each bond angle 90 degrees?
A. CCl4
B. PCl3
C. H2O
D. O3
E. SF6
9. The electron configuration of carbon is [He]1s22p2. When carbon forms four covalent bonds,
as it does in methane (CH4), what best describes the orbitals of its valence electrons?
A. They become a set of four sp3 hybrid orbitals.
B. They become a set of three sp2 hybrid orbitals.
C. No hybridization takes place.
D. They overlap with hydrogen orbitals to become sp3 hybrid orbitals.
E. The 2p orbitals, but not the 2s orbitals, become sp3 hybrid orbitals.
10. The chemical equation for a reaction is shown below.
2 HNO3(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)
How is this reaction best classified?
A. precipitation reaction
B. neutralization reaction
C. oxidation-reduction reaction
D. combustion reaction
E. synthesis reaction
11. Which of the following acids is the weakest?
A. hydrochloric acid (HCl)
B. nitric acid (HNO3)
C. carbonic acid (H2CO3)
D. sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
E. hydroiodic acid (HI)
12. Magnesium (Mg) is an alkaline earth metal (group 2A). Chlorine (Cl) is a halogen (group 7A).
The compound magnesium chloride is a(n) ______ compound, and it has the chemical formula
______.
A. ionic; MgCl2
B. molecular; MgCl2
C. molecular; Mg2Cl
D. ionic; Mg2Cl
E. metallic; Mg2Cl2
13. Iron (Fe) is a transition metal. In which of these substances do iron atoms form metallic
bonds?
A. elemental iron (a sample of pure iron)
B. iron (III) hydride (FeH3)
C. ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
D. hemoglobin, in which an iron ion is bonded to polypeptides
E. ferric chloride (FeCl3)
14. The sulfate anion (SO4) is made of a sulfur atom joined to four oxygen atoms. What type of
bonds are found in the compound copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4)?
I. ionic bonds
II. covalent bonds
III. metallic bonds
A. I and III only
B. I only
C. I and II only
D. II only.
E. I, II, and III
15. A chlorine atom has the electron configuration of [Ne]3s23p5.
According to the valence-bond theory, the covalent bond in a molecule of chlorine (Cl2) forms
from....
A. a hybrid of 3p orbitals and 2p orbitals.
B. a hybrid between a 3s orbital and a 3p orbital.
C. a 3p orbital from one chlorine atom only.
D. the overlap of two 3s orbitals, one from each chlorine atom.
E. the overlap of two 3p orbitals, one from each chlorine atom.
16. A chemist reacts an unlimited supply of aluminum (Al) with 40.5 g of chlorine gas (Cl 2). They
react according to the equation below.
2 Al (s) + 3 Cl2 (g) → 2 AlCl3 (s)
The chemist recovers 42.0 g of aluminum chloride (AlCl3). What is her percent yield? (Note: The
atomic weight of aluminum is 27.0 amu and of chlorine is 35.5 amu.)
A. 77.1%
B. 81.0%
C. 91.3%
D. 82.7%
E. 86.7%
17. The unbalanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethene is shown below. Blanks are
used to indicate where coefficients should be placed.
__C2H4 (l) + __ O2(g) → __ CO2(g) + __ H2O (g)
From left to right, what coefficients fill the blanks and correctly balance this equation?
A. 1, 2, 3, 2
B. 1, 3, 2, 2
C. 1, 3, 3, 2
D. 1, 2, 1, 2
E. 2, 6, 4, 4
18. The chemical equation for a reaction is shown below.
C6H12O6(s) + 6 O2(g) → 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O (g)
Which description best summarizes the reactants?
A. twelve gases
B. two gases
C. a solid, a liquid, and a gas
D. one solid and seven gases
E. one solid and one gas
19. In a molecule of iodine trichloride (ICl3), an iodine atom is bonded to three chlorine atoms.
Both iodine and chlorine are halogens.
What is the molecular shape of iodine trichloride?
A. trigonal bipyramidal
B. trigonal planar
C. T-shaped
D. seesaw
E. trigonal pyramidal
20. In a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2), each oxygen atom is bonded to the carbon atom by a
double covalent bond. Therefore, each of the two double covalent bonds is formed by ______
electrons that are shared ______ between the carbon atom and an oxygen atom.
A. 4; equally
B. 4; somewhat unequally
C. 6; somewhat unequally
D. 4; extremely unequally
E. 6; equally