K R U C I B L E M E T A L S LTD
Mineral Discovery Company
A.B.N. 12 118 788 846
COLLABORATIVE DRILLING PROGRAM
SUBMISSION TO Q'LD GOVERNMENT
MARCH 2008
PROPOSED DRILLING PROGRAM ON KAMARAN DOWNS
EPM 15389
AUTHORS : T.ALSTON & B.HUMPHRIES
KRUCIBLE METALS LIMITED
DATE : 29 FEBRUARY 2008
1/68 Railway Avenue
Railway Estate, Townsville, QLD 4810 Australia
T +61 (0)7 725 880 F +61 (0)7 4772 4999
PO Box 908
Castletown, Townsville QLD 4812 Australia
kruciblemetals.com.au E [email protected]
K R U C I B L E M E T A L S LTD
Mineral Discovery Company
A.B.N. 12 118 788 846
--2--
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1
2. Regional Context.......................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Geology............................................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Structure ............................................................................................................................................. 3
3. Previous Exploration .................................................................................................................... 4
4. Details of Target .......................................................................................................................... 5
4.1 Target Criteria ..................................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 Knowledge Gaps ................................................................................................................................. 7
5. Proposed Program ....................................................................................................................... 8
6. Summary Comments ................................................................................................................... 9
7. Costings and Timeframes ........................................................................................................... 10
8. Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... 11
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1
Location Plan
Figure 2
Aeromagnetic Image & Structures
Figure 3
Aeromagnetic Image & Proposed Drill Holes
Figure 4
Gravity Image & Structures
Figure 5
Gravity Image & Proposed Drill Holes
Figure 6
Section 1 Showing Geology & Proposed Drill Holes
Figure 7
Section 2 Showing Geology & Proposed Drill Holes
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K R U C I B L E M E T A L S LTD
Mineral Discovery Company
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--3--
Executive Summary
Krucible Metals Limited ("Krucible") is applying for a collaborative drilling grant within EPM 15389 (Kamaran Downs)
located about 400km south of Mount Isa in west Queensland.
This tenement lies on the south eastern extent of the Toomba Fault and the Toko Syncline within the Diamantina
province and is a newly developed area of economic mineral discovery potential. Krucible was one of the first
companies to acquire ground in this area after carrying out extensive research of available data in 2005 & 2006.
The concept target model is to discover an Olympic Dam style IOCG (Iron Oxide Copper Gold) deposit in a granitic
breccia host, associated with continental faulting and high fluid flow on terrane boundaries.
Drilling will include four diamond holes of 600m, each designed to test gravity and magnetic anomalies similar to the
Olympic Dam geophysical characteristics.
The target depths are relatively shallow at 300 to 500metres depth as indicated by previous government water bores
and geophysical interpretation.
The direct drilling costs are expected to be around $336,000 and Krucible is seeking a government grant of $150,000
to assist in this pioneering exploration program which, if successful, has the potential to have a strong impact on
economic development in west Queensland.
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K R U C I B L E M E T A L S LTD
Mineral Discovery Company
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-1-
1. Introduction
Krucible Metals Ltd ("Krucible") is an Australian company formed in 2006 as a ‘mineral discovery company’ the prime
purpose of which is to explore and discover economic metal deposits within the Mt Isa and Diamantina regions of
Queensland.
Ground acquisition strategy has been to collect ground largely on the margins of the outcropping mineralised
Proterozoic basement where there are exploration opportunities for discoveries because of the lack of systematic
work by previous explorers.
As part of the company’s portfolio three exploration permits for minerals (EPM) have been granted in the
Diamantina area for approximately 1752sq.km on the edge of the Toko syncline and on the Toomba Fault.
Krucible is looking to discover an Olympic Dam style IOCG (Iron Oxide Copper Gold) deposit within the Diamantina
province associated with the Toomba Fault zone. The Company is seeking a grant for diamond drilling to help with
costs of this process - four rotary/diamond holes are planned for a total 2400 metres.
The Diamantina province, located on the margins of the Simpson Desert, has recently been the subject of intense
regional geophysical data acquisition programs by both state and federal governments. This has sparked some large
competitive tenement applications by companies searching for Olympic Dam IOCG+U/REE (uranium, rare earth
elements).
Krucible was one of the first companies to acquire tenements in this region which is emerging as a possible new
mineral province where little previous exploration has been carried out.
Kamaran Downs is located within this province about 400km south-southwest of Mt. Isa and approximately 50km
west of Bedourie. The EPM contains 184 sub-blocks for about 592.5sq.km.
This tenement covers the interpreted intersection of three major crustal fault zones i.e. the Toomba fault, the
Tanami (Arunta Fault), and the Diamantina Orogen. This area is known as the Diamantina Hinge Zone and marks the
southern limit of the Proterozoic Mount Isa Block (see Figure 1).
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2. Regional Context
The Diamantina Hinge Zone is a concept that describes the intersection of two major intracratonic fault zones at the
southern end of the Proterozoic Mt. Isa Block. The so called hinge zone is configured by the west north-west
trending Trans Tanami-Arunta Fault and the north-east trending Diamantina Orogen Fault. It is likely this hinge zone
would have been a source of strong heat flow.
The Kamaran Downs EPM lies to the north near this hinge zone on the western side of the Toko Syncline and
includes the Toomba Fault Zone. This zone terminates at the Diamantina Hinge Zone and so has the potential for
crustal extension and regional uplift which is favourable for Olympic Dam style mineralisation.
2.1 Geology
Proterozoic
The basement geology of the area is complex with two major Proterozoic blocks meeting creating the Diamantina
Hinge Zone.
The Arunta Block extends north-west into the northern Territory and within the prospect area is restricted to small
granite outcrops occurring sporadically along the western edge of the Toomba Fault.
The second Proterozoic Block is the Mt. Isa Block which is a known major mineralised block hosting world class
orebodies of a diverse range. It is interpreted to continue through the Kamaran Downs prospect under cover and will
possibly be composed of units from the Western Succession of the block. The Western Succession is a relatively
metamorphosed and deformed section which comprises a variety of rock types which are intruded by granite
plutons, innumerable mafic dykes and sills and sub-ordinate hyperbyssal felsic intrusions all of Proterozoic ages
(Blake 1987).
That the mineralised Mt. Isa Block continues under surficial cover is clearly evident from government magnetic and
gravity data. Structures from the northern outcropping regions seem to continue to the south so it is considered
quite likely this area under cover may host a number of polymetallic orebodies.
Depth to Basement is approximately 400-500 metres based on the two Government water bore holes drilled in
1958-1963 (Reynolds 1968). However aeromagnetic interpretation by geophysicist Duncan Cowan indicates
basement may be as shallow as 300metres in certain parts associated with the Toomba Thrust Fault, discrete
magnetic anomalies and uplift associated with the southern end of the Toko Syncline (Alston 2001).
About 70km to the NNW of Kamaran work by Alston (2001) and Stewart (1995, CR 26768) & Berents (1996, CR
27578) has shown that there are extensive areas of shallow basement (< 50metres deep) with some areas of
Proterozoic outcrop which is not evident in available government mapping.
Basement is in the form of granites pegmatite and schist which have been correlated with the Arunta Complex, but it
could be younger. (Reynolds 1968). BHP age dated the rocks at about 1750ma (Stewart 1995 CR 26768)
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-3Cambrian to late Ordovician
Toko Syncline composes sediments of Cambrian to Ordovician age of the southern Georgina Basin. The sequence of
the western limb of the Toko Syncline is seen as a series of carbonaceous marine sequences with regression obvious
in the late Ordovician Toko Group which becomes more siliclastic towards the stratigraphic top.
Devonian rocks are restricted to the Toko syncline and are composed of the Craven peak beds which are comprised
of mainly sandstone and conglomerate and are slightly calcareous at the base.
Mesozoic
The Eromanga Basin is a sequence of flat lying sediments of that covers the Diamantina Hinge Zone and outcrops in
the Kamaran Downs area as ferricrete sandstone, shale and conglomerate, and comprises the Toolebuc Limestone
which has uranium potential where it is close to basement rocks.
2.2 Structure
Structurally the area contains the Toomba Fault, the Toko Syncline as well as a number of other structures trending
northwest or east-west.
The Toomba Thrust Fault is a 150km long northwest trending structure and seismic profiles conducted by Harrison
(cited Shergold 1985) show the fault to be a high angle reverse thrust fault with a fault plane dipping south-westerly
and a vertical displacement of up to 6.5km and a strike slip component estimated at 4km of dextral movement
(Shergold 1985).
This interpretation is confirmed by the AOD Ethabuka 01 Petroleum Hole which drilled to a depth of about 1800
metres and did not intersect Proterozoic rocks. However, there is documented Proterozoic outcrop (Alston 2001)
located 13km to the south west of this hole which indicates uplift of at least 6km along the Toomba Fault.
Recent magnetic data generated by government surveys (see Figures 2 & 4) indicates a number of sinusoidal eastwest faults that terminate stratigraphy and are probably later than the Toomba Fault.
The Toko Syncline also has a north-west trend and is asymmetric with steep dips on the western limb and shallow
dips on the eastern side. To the west, the syncline is bound by the Toomba Fault (Shergold 1985). This basin is a
major dilation zone that may separate the Mount Isa and Arunta Blocks (see Figure 2)
There are also a number of north-northeast structures indicated from the magnetic and gravity data that may
influence hydrothermal fluids some of which pass through the Kamaran ground.
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-4-
3. Previous Exploration
The only previous mineral exploration on granted tenements in this area was by Amax Iron Ore Corporation over
ATP’s 1882, 1883, 1892, and 1893 in 1980-1982 (Wyatt 1979 CR’s 9616 & 7184). The work comprised some
helicopter radiometric surveys followed up by ground investigations rock chip values up to 1200ppm Uranium were
recorded and located at 285000E 7298000N in the Cretaceous Toolebuc Formation (Limestone) in the centre of the
Kamaran Downs tenement. This radio-active unit is prospective for vanadium and molybdenum mineralisation.
Glengarry flew an airborne magnetic / radiometric survey over the area on portion EPM Applications 12680,12683 &
12801 at line spacing of 800m with the lines orientated in a north-east direction. This was interpreted by Cowan. The
company also carried out some reconnaissance sampling work that produced a maximum of 36ppm uranium, 15ppm
molybdenum and 2900ppm barium from a calcrete sample (AMG 285118E 7298735N), this sample is close to the
Toomba Fault and has not been followed up.
The two water bores drilled in the southern area of Krucible's Kamaran Downs tenement were Kamaran Downs No. 3
bore which hit granitic basement at 457m depth and Kamaran Downs No. 6 bore hit granitic basement at 490m
depth. The granite from No. 3 bore was dated using K-Ar dating at 798Ma although the proximity to the Toomba
Fault may have reduced the accuracy of this date.
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4. Details of Target
Krucible will be testing Olympic Dam IOCG+REE style intrusive granite breccia systems within a shallow-level
magmatic-hydrothermal breccia complex.
The reasons for selection of this are as follows:




the Toomba Fault is a major thrust separating the Toko Syncline (east) from platform basement (west) - this is
considered to be analogous to the Stuart Shelf setting in the Gawler Craton that hosts the Olympic Dam
mineralisation.
there are a number of co-incident & near co-incident magnetic / gravity anomalies as well as magnetic
anomalies on steep gravity gradients which are considered to be ideal conduits for IOCG mineralisation
the magnetics at Kamaran indicate a strongly magnetic unit which may equate to steely hematites / banded iron
formations (BIFs); these are considered to be analogous to the footwall units to mineralisation at Olympic and
Prominent Hill
granites have been intersected in water bores at Kamaran at relatively shallow depths in proximity to zones of
interpreted strong fluid flow likely to form granite breccias
Cross Sections showing the proposed drill holes and interpreted geology are shown on Figures 6 & 7
On a continental scale it appears that a major rift and/or thrust has separated the Willyama and Gawler Craton from
the Mt Isa Block (at 1500ma?) so that the original position of Olympic Dam would have been quite close to the
Diamantina Hinge Zone (Betts & Lister –cited Alston 2001).
The Diamantina Hinge Zone is considered to be similar to the regional setting for Olympic Dam i.e. the north-west
trending Toomba Fault and Toko Syncline are analogous to the Stuart Shelf and Adelaide Geosyncline, with the
Toomba fault acting as a hinge zone and possible conduit for hydrothermal fluids
The geological setting is similar, Olympic Dam lies beneath 350m of flat lying sediments and is contained in an
intrusive breccia complex of middle Proterozoic age. Likewise in Kamaran Downs area, thick flat lying sediments of
the Eromanga Basin cover Palaeozoic and Proterozoic rock.
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-64.1 Target Criteria
The Olympic dam model involves four main criteria
Tectonic setting
The Olympic Dam ore body is found in a small graben on a regional structural high known as the Stuart Shelf and is
based very close to a terrane boundary known as the Torrens Hinge Zone, which separates the Stuart Shelf from the
Adelaide Geosyncline
Similarly at Kamaran Downs the Toomba ridge is a structural high that is separated by the Toomba Fault from the
Toko Syncline which is located close to the Diamantina Hinge Zone.
Geophysical setting
Olympic Dam is set on a regional north-west trending magnetic and gravity high, locally mineralisation is found on
the boundary between a magnetic and gravity ‘bullseye’ highs which have a displacement of 1500m (Roberts 1983)
as yet the geophysical indicators have not been identified, however it is likely they come from deeper within the
deposit.
Kamaran Downs also supports this northwest trending geophysical feature and within the Toomba range gravity
ridge there are a number of numerous discrete “bullseye” gravity highs with similar half widths and magnitudes to
those at Olympic dam. These are visible within the EPM prospect area. BMR geological mapping and drilling have
proposed a magnetic basement at around 500m on the western side of the Toomba Fault.
Geological setting
Initally Olympic dam was thought of as a sediment hosted stratiform deposit, however it is now considered a highly
variable intrusive breccia system. Geologically Olympic Dam is most likely set on an alkali granitic basement which
underlie the main Proterozoic lithologies and which comprise a continuum of breccias starting at the periphery with
granitic clasts set in little hematite matrix progressing into the centre where the clasts are wholly hematite in a
hematite matrix. Cover consists of 350m of flat lying sedimentary rocks. The principal gangue minerals of the deposit
are hematite, sericite and quartz, with the dominant sulphides including disseminated chalcopyrite, bornite,
chalcocite and pyrite. Steely hematite occurring as veins within the breccias as a later stage overprinting feature this
is also seen at Prominent Hill
Genesis
The Olympic Dam deposit was formed in an extensional graben environment. Fluid mixing is a likely ore-forming
process. Hot magmatic fluid and cool meteoric fluid producing sulphate reduction and iron enrichment. This is a
product of a middle Proterozoic thermal event on Gawler Craton. Regional west-northwest structures were active
during the mineralising events and played a vital role as fluid conduits. Regional west-north-west structures may also
have played a major part acting as an intiallising event and as fluid pathways. During its formation the deposit went
through multiple periods of brecciation and overprinting possibly due to fault movement. Coeval felsic, mafic and
ultramafic volcanism is an integral part of the ore formation process.
Kamaran downs also has this potential although not a great deal is known of the stratigraphy to the west of the
Toomba fault
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-74.2 Knowledge Gaps
The proposed program would address stratigraphy issues no company has completed any drill holes within the EPM
and the Government has completed two water bore holes of which no geochemistry is available and no significant
drilling has been completed within close proximity to the EPM, therefore unit relationships, contacts, and structures
are unclear.
Krucible has utilised knowledge of water bore information in this area to assist in interpretation of geophysical data
for estimating depth to basement.
In addition the approximate depth to basement can be estimated from the depth of the radio-active Cretaceous
Toolebuc Formation (many water bores that did not reach basement, have been radiometrically logged to define the
depth of the Toolebuc). Regional research by Krucible has shown that basement is generally 200metres (+- 50
metres) below the Toolebuc in a stable platform environment.
The Company has also utilised structural interpretation, including fractal modelling, to delineate major structures
and host lithologies that may be critical to orebody formation but were not previously recognised.
As this area has thick (300m?) layer of sediment overlying the Proterozoic basement geophysical techniques are
important in defining drill targets. Analysis of government gravity and magnetics and also Glengarry Resources
magnetic data produced a number of near co-incident AGSO gravity and magnetic anomalies of similar amplitude to
Olympic Dam which have not been drill tested, some of these are associated with rift grabens within the uplifted Mt
Dobbyn Granite.
Partial extraction soil sampling techniques as well as calcrete and lag sampling may be useful in helping to define
targets beneath cover. Sampling of water from the test holes will provide vital information mineralisation or strong
alteration is intersected.
Land satellite images and airphoto’s can help in defining structures and favourable areas for drill targets
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-8-
5. Proposed Program
The program will include four vertical rotary/diamond holes each to a depth of 600m. It is expected that rotary mud
drilling will penetrate to a depth of approximately 150 metres.
Down hole surveys for magnetics and radiometrics will be carried out if suitable equipment is available.
The locations of the holes are listed below (Datum AGD 66). Please note these locations may change slightly after
ground magnetic traverses have been carried out and interpreted.
PROPOSED HOLE KAM "A" 281300E, 730600N vertical. Proposed depth 600 metres
This hole is designed to test a discrete magnetic anomaly close to a positive gravity feature (see Figures 3, 5 &6).
PROPOSED HOLE KAM "B" 279600E, 7304000N, vertical. Proposed depth 600 metres
This hole is designed to test a co-incident magnetic & gravity high (see Figures 3, 5 & 7)
PROPOSED HOLE KAM "C" 302400E, 7297300N, vertical. Proposed depth 600 metres
This hole is designed to test a discrete magnetic anomaly on the Toomba Fault & on a steep gravity gradient (see
Figures 3, 5 & 7)
PROPOSED HOLE KAM "D" 287000E, 7304600N, VERTICAL.Proposed Depth 600 metres.
This hole is designed to a strong magnetic anomaly on the Toomba Fault & on a steep gravity gradient (see Figures3,
5 & 6)
Sampling of the magnetic characteristics of the core will be carried out using a magnetic susceptibility meter
Analysis for a number of elements will be completed by the Laboratories by the ICP method on aqua regia digestion
as well as fire assay for gold.
A hand held XRF machine will also be utilised on site to check for content of mineralised and altered core.
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-9-
6. Summary Comments
The tectonic history, geological environment and regional geophysical characteristics of the Toomba Range area bear
a strong similarity to the Olympic Dam area which makes the Kamaran Downs area of Krucible EPM 15389
prospective for the Olympic Dam style mineralisation.
The major focus for north-west Queensland to date has been on deposits hosted within the outcropping sections of
the Mt Isa Block, Encouraging results in this area will increase the interest in this area and widen the confines of the
mineralised boundary, and open a new province for basemetal mineralisation. Many have likened the Toomba fault
zone to the Olympic Dam style as yet no company has undertaken any drilling in the proposed area to explore this
concept leaving an area of great potential unexplored.
With the recent IPO listing on the Australian Stock Exchange Krucible Metals Limited has sound financial backing to
further fund ongoing exploration and development.
If the drilling program is successful in outlining significant mineralisation with large scale potential, such as Olympic
Dam, then the economic parameters for development are likely to be favourable due to the relatively shallow depth
of mineralisation from 300 to 500 metres
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- 10 -
7. Costings and Timeframes
The direct drilling costs are estimated at $140 per metre, with a proposed total of 2400metres for a total direct cost
of drilling of $336,000
Krucible Metals is seeking a grant of $150,000 from the Queensland Government to assist this drilling program which
may have a strong economic impact for the State.
Geophysical ground magnetic surveys are proposed for May/June 2008. After these results have been received and
interpreted, drilling is likely to commence in August 2008 with the final report released in November 2008.
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- 11 -
8. Bibliography
Alston, T. 2001 Diamantina Project – West Queensland Status Report Glengarry Resources Ltd, Townsville
Berents, H. & Rutley, A. 1996 Final Report for Period Ended 31 December 1995 on EPM’s 9338, 9340, 9343, 10675
BHP Minerals company report number 27578
Blake, D. 1987 Geology of the Mount Isa Inlier and Environs, Queensland and Northern Territory Bureau of Mineral
Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Canberra
Reynolds, M. 1968 1:250,000 Geological Series - Explanatory Notes Bedourie, QLD Bureau of Mineral Resources,
Geology and Geophysics, Canberra
Roberts, D. 1983 The Olympic Dam Copper-Uranium-Gold Deposit, Roxby Downs, South Australia Bulletin of the
Society of Economic Geology 5:78
Shergold, J. 1985 Notes to Accompany the Hay River – Mount Whelan Special 1:250,000 Geological Sheet, Southern
Georgina Basin Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Canberra
Stewart, I. 1995 Mount Whelan Project Western Queensland Annual Report for Period Ended 5 May 1995 BHP
Minerals company report number 26768
Wyatt, D. & Whitaker A. May 1979 Half-Yearly Report on Tomydonka A to P 1882M and Gulgong A to P 1883M,
South-West Queensland May 1979 Amax Iron Ore Corporation company report number 9616
Wyatt, D. & Whitaker A. June 1979 Final Report on Eyre Creek A to P 1892M and Bygombo A to P 1893 South-West
Queensland June 1979 Amax Iron Ore Corporation company report number 7184
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