Chicago/Turabian Reference Style Quick Guide
Parenthetical-References
How to use this guide: This guide has been created for use when inserting parenthetical citations into a paper,
and then compiling References from those citations. P represents how to format your citations for inside the
body of the work, while R details how to format your citation for use within the reference list, to be titled
References.
Source: Turabian, Kate. 2007. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style
for Students and Researchers. 7th ed. Ed. Wayne Booth, Gregory Colomb, and Joseph Williams. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
**See chapters 18 and 19 for more detailed information.
Books
One Author:
P: (Author’s Last Name Date of Publication, page-page)
(Doe 2009, 25-32)
R: Author’s Last Name, First Name. Date of Publication. Title of book: Subtitle of book. Place of Publication:
Publisher’s Name.
Doe, Jane. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses. Chicago: Anybody’s Press.
Two Authors: List both authors, separated by the word and.
P: (Doe and Adams 2009, 25-32)
R: Doe, Jane, and John Adams. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses. Chicago: Anybody’s Press.
Three Authors: Include all authors in note and bib, using the word and before the last author.
P: (Doe, Adams, and Smith 2009, 25-32)
R: Doe, Jane, John Adams, and Sally Smith. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses. Chicago:
Anybody’s Press.
Four or More Authors: List first author in parenthetical citation, then follow with et al. In the references list, list
each author.
P: (Doe et al. 2009, 25-32)
R: Doe, Jane, John Adams, Sally Smith, and Henry Jackson. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses.
Chicago: Anybody’s Press.
Editor instead of Author: include the abbreviation Ed. after editor names in the references list. For multiple
editors, follow rules for multiple authors, using eds. instead of ed.
P: (Doe 2009, 25-32)
R: Doe, Jane, ed. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses. Chicago: Anybody’s Press.
Editor in addition to Author: Include the editor information after the title of the book in references list.
P: (Doe 2009, 25-32)
R: Doe, Jane. 2009. Searching for an identity: Escaping the masses. Ed. Roger Cunningham. Chicago: Anybody’s
Press.
Created by Rebecca Koga
Revised 2/18/2011
Article from a print journal
P: (Author’s Last Name Year of Publication, pages cited)
(Connor 2005, 21-23)
R: Author Last Name, First Name. Year of Publication. Title of article: Subtitle. Title of Journal Volume, no. #
(Additional Date Information): Pages of article.
Connor, Stan. 2005. Losing my mind: Raising a teenage daughter. Parenting 23, no. 2 (October): 20-24.
Online Article
P: (Author’s Last Name Year of Publication)
(Brady 2009)
R: Author Last Name, First Name. Year of Publication. Title of article: Subtitle. Title of Journal Volume, no. #
(Additional Date Information). URL (accessed Date).
Brady, Jan. 2009. Growing up with Marsha: Life as a middle sister. The Brady Files 23, no. 4 (October).
http://www.thebradyfiles.com/Jan/middlesister.html (accessed September 3, 2010).
Chapter in an Edited Book
P: (Chapter Author’s Last Name Date of Publication, pages cited)
(Smith 2009, 36-37)
R: Chapter Author’s Last Name, First Name . Date of Publication. Title of chapter: Subtitle of chapter. In Title of
book: Subtitle of book, ed. Editor’s First and Last Name, pages of chapter. Place of Publication: Publisher
Name.
Smith, Fria. 2009. It’s getting cold in here: The decrease in ocean temperatures. In Global warming for everyone,
ed. Cal Hopps, 32-48. Houston: Little, Brown.
Omitted Sources: Chicago/Turabian Style does not accommodate the citation of the Bible, anonymous
unpublished interviews, dictionaries, encyclopedias, or many other well-known sources. See page 223 of A
Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses and Dissertations for an extensive list of other sources that may
be omitted, or for directions on how to reference these sources within the body of a paper.
Placement: Parenthetical citations should always be placed immediately after a quotation or at the end of a
sentence or clause. The closing parenthesis precedes a comma, period, or other punctuation mark when the
quotation is run into the text. However, after a block quotation, the parenthetical citation follows the terminal
punctuation. For example:
Paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text paragraph
text “quotation from source” (Black 1995, 25-26), paragraph text. Paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text.
Paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text paragraph text:
Block Quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block
quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block
quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block quote block
quote block quote block quote. (Cristo 1885, 42)
Indentation: Entries on the reference list should be formatted with a hanging indent equal to the indentation
found throughout the text of the work, as exemplified in this notation.