SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
HISTORY P2
HIGHER GRADE
2014
MARKS: 200
TIME: 3 hours
This question paper consists of 10 pages and a 13-page addendum.
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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
Read the following instructions carefully before deciding on which questions to answer.
1.
This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and
SECTION B.
2.
SECTION A consists of SIX essay questions.
3.
SECTION B consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material to
be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM.
4.
You are allowed to answer ONE essay question and ONE source-based
question on the same theme.
5.
Do NOT answer TWO essay questions on the same theme.
6.
Answer FOUR questions:
6.1
At least ONE must be an essay question and at least ONE must be
a source-based question.
6.2
YOU MUST ANSWER AT LEAST ONE QUESTION ON THE
COMPULSORY THEME: AFRICA IN THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY (EITHER AN ESSAY QUESTION OR A SOURCEBASED QUESTION).
7.
Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
8.
Time allocated for this question paper should be utilised wisely in the
answering of questions, preferably about 45 minutes per question.
9.
The mere rewriting of sources in the answering of questions will disadvantage
candidates.
10.
Write neatly and legibly.
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SECTION A: ESSAY QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question and NOT more than THREE questions from this section.
QUESTION 1: AFRICA IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Answer either QUESTION 1A or QUESTION 1B. Do NOT answer both questions.
QUESTION 1A
Africa has nobody to blame for the continent's challenges after independence other
than African political leaders.
Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer by referring relevant postindependent countries in Africa.
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OR
QUESTION 1B
Explain the different points of view regarding the challenges and achievements of the
Organisation of African Unity (OAU) since its formation in 1963.
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QUESTION 2: THE RISE OF SOVIET RUSSIA
Answer either QUESTION 2A or QUESTION 2B. Do NOT answer both questions.
QUESTION 2A
Discuss how the policies that Lenin implemented between 1917 and 1924 transformed
the Soviet Union's economy.
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OR
QUESTION 2B
Stalin was the greatest man on earth, the greatest statesman, the father of the nation
and the genius of all time.
Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer by using relevant
evidence from 1928 to 1941.
OR
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QUESTION 3: THE RISE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Answer either QUESTION 3A or QUESTION 3B. Do NOT answer both questions.
QUESTION 3A
The Wall Street Crash of 1929 was expected.
Critically assess the validity of this statement.
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OR
QUESTION 3B
Explain to what extent Roosevelt's New Deal policy was successful in building a
prosperous America after the destruction and despair that was caused by the Great
Depression of 1929.
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SECTION B: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question from this section. The source material to be used to
answer these questions is in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 4: AFRICA IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
4.1
WHAT PROMPTED THE PROCESS OF DECOLONISATION AMONG
VARIOUS AFRICAN STATES IN THE 1960s?
Study Sources 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D to answer the following questions.
4.1.1
Use Source 4A.
(a)
What, according to Sekou Tourė, were colonialism's greatest
misdeeds? (Written source)
(2 x 1)
(2)
(b)
What messages does the visual source convey?
(2 x 2)
(4)
(c)
How does the visual source support the information in the
written source regarding the impact of colonialism?
(2 x 2)
(4)
Explain the concept decolonisation in your own words. (1 x 2)
(2)
(d)
4.1.2
Consult Source 4B.
(a)
(b)
(c)
4.1.3
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(2)
Comment on whether Sir Welensky believed that African
countries could achieve 'equal standing' with their former
colonial rulers.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Explain how Africans would have reacted to this speech.
(1 x 2)
(2)
Study Source 4C.
(a)
What view did Nyerere have of Africa in the 1960s?
(1 x 2)
(2)
(b)
Quote TWO kinds of freedom that Nyerere expected to see in
Africa.
(2 x 1)
(2)
Explain how Nyerere viewed the concept of democracy.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Compare Sources 4B and 4C. Explain how the information in
Source 4C differs from the evidence in Source 4B regarding
post-colonial rule in Africa.
(2 x 2)
(4)
(c)
4.1.4
Explain how Sir Welensky viewed Africans with regard to
running their own country.
(1 x 2)
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4.1.5
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Read Source 4D.
(a)
(b)
(c)
4.1.6
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Explain the concept national consciousness in your own
words.
(1 x 2)
(2)
Comment on the significance of Macmillan's words: 'The
winds of change are blowing through the continent'.
(1 x 2)
(2)
Comment on the usefulness of this source to a historian
studying the process of decolonisation among various African
countries.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Using the information in the relevant sources and your own
knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words),
explaining the factors that prompted the process of decolonisation
among various Africa countries in the 1960s.
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QUESTION 5: CIRCUMSTANCES THAT LED TO THE SECOND WORLD WAR
5.1
HOW DID ADOLF HITLER IMPLEMENT HIS FOREIGN POLICY IN THE
1930s?
Study Sources 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D to answer the questions that follow.
5.1.1
Use Source 5A.
(a)
Name TWO German territories that Hitler reoccupied.
(2 x 1)
(2)
(b)
Name TWO European countries that were directly threatened
by Hitler's expansionist foreign policy.
(2 x 1)
(2)
Explain how it was possible for Hitler to expand Germany's
influence into any TWO territories as shown on the map,
without firing a single shot. Support your answer with valid
reasons.
(2 x 2)
(4)
(c)
5.1.2
Refer to Source 5B.
(a)
(b)
(c)
5.1.3
(2)
Explain the effects of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement.
Use evidence from the source to support your answer. (2 x 2)
(4)
Explain the usefulness of this source to a historian studying
the implementation of Hitler's foreign policy in the 1930s.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Study Source 5C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Name TWO divisions of the armed forces in which Germany
had the strongest power in 1938.
(2 x 1)
Explain the term policy of appeasement in your own words.
(1 x 2)
(2)
Comment on the TWO points of view that historians have on
Chamberlain's role in preventing the spread of Nazi
aggression in the 1930s.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Explain whether you agree with the statement that
Chamberlain's policy of appeasement was 'no longer seen as
a shameful policy of surrender'.
(2 x 2)
(4)
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5.1.4
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Refer to Source 5D.
(a)
How did some young people in Germany view Hitler's foreign
policy in the 1930s? (Viewpoint 1)
(1 x 2)
(2)
How do the two viewpoints in this source help to explain why
Hitler's foreign policy made him popular with the German
people?
(1 x 2)
(2)
Explain whether the two viewpoints in this source would be
reliable for a historian studying Hitler's foreign policy in the
1930s.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Compare Sources 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D. Explain in what ways the
information in Source 5D differs from the evidence in Sources 5A, 5B
and 5C.
(2 x 2)
(4)
(b)
(c)
5.1.5
5.1.6
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Using the information in the relevant sources and your own
knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words),
explaining how Adolf Hitler implemented his foreign policy in the
1930s.
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QUESTION 6:
6.1
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND EVENTS (1945 TO 1970):
THE COLD WAR
HOW DID THE WEST REACT TO THE BERLIN BLOCKADE OF 1948?
Study Sources 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D to answer the following questions.
6.1.1
Use Source 6A.
(a)
(b)
(c)
6.1.2
(4)
Comment on the different messages conveyed in the written
and visual sources regarding Stalin's role in Berlin.
(2 x 2)
(4)
(2)
(b)
How did the West respond to the Berlin Blockade?
(1 x 2)
(2)
(c)
Use your own knowledge and explain the TWO possible
options that were open to Stalin regarding aid from the
western countries.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Refer to Source 6C.
What, according to the source, was the main fear of the West
after the Berlin Blockade was imposed?
(1 x 2)
(2)
Explain how President Truman responded to the Berlin
Blockade.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Comment on whether this source gives a reliable account of
how the West reacted to the Berlin Blockade.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Compare Sources 6A and 6C. Explain to what extent the sources
support each other regarding the Berlin Blockade.
(2 x 2)
(4)
(b)
(c)
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Explain the messages that are conveyed in the cartoon. Use
the visual clues to support your answer.
(2 x 2)
Use the map to explain how it was possible for Stalin to shut
down all rail, road and canal transport as well as postal
services and electricity supplies to West Berlin.
(1 x 2)
(a)
6.1.4
(2)
Study Source 6B.
(a)
6.1.3
Why, according to the written source, did Stalin cut all
communication between Berlin and the western zones?
(1 x 2)
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Read Source 6D.
(a)
(b)
(c)
6.1.6
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Explain why Johnston was critical about Truman's handling of
the Berlin Blockade.
(1 x 2)
(2)
According to Johnston, how could the Berlin Crisis be solved?
(1 x 2)
(2)
Explain the usefulness of this source to a historian studying
the reaction to the Berlin Crisis.
(2 x 2)
(4)
Using the information in the relevant sources and your own
knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words),
explaining how the West reacted to the Berlin Blockade of 1948.
TOTAL:
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