phm07c2_te_05cr.fm Page 266 Friday, June 16, 2006 4:30 PM
Chapter 5 Review
Chapter 5 Review
Resources
Vocabulary Review
Student Edition
Extra Skills and Word Problems
Practice, Ch. 5, p. 638
English/Spanish Glossary, p. 676
Formulas and Properties, p. 674
Tables, p. 670
cross products (p. 239)
equivalent ratios (p. 229)
indirect measurement (p. 253)
polygon (p. 252)
proportion (p. 238)
rate (p. 232)
ratio (p. 228)
scale (p. 259)
scale drawing (p. 259)
similar polygons (p. 252)
unit cost (p. 233)
unit rate (p. 232)
Teaching Resources
• Vocabulary and Study
Choose the correct term to complete each sentence.
Skills 5F
L3
1. A street map is an example of (a scale drawing, cross products).
a scale drawing
2. Knowing a(n) (indirect measurement, unit cost) is helpful for
getting the best buy when you shop. unit cost
Spanish Vocabulary Workbook
with Study Skills
Interactive Textbook
• Audio Glossary
Online Vocabulary Quiz
3. A speed limit of 40 mi/h is an example of a (rate, proportion).
rate
4. A ratio that compares a length in a drawing to the actual length of
an object is a (scale, proportion). scale
5. When two polygons have corresponding angles with equal measures
and corresponding sides with proportional lengths, the polygons are
(cross products, similar). similar
For: Online vocabulary quiz
Web Code: arj-0551
Skills and Concepts
Lesson 5-1
• To write ratios and use
them to compare
quantities
A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division. You can write the
same ratio in three ways. To find equal ratios, multiply or divide the
numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number.
Write each ratio in simplest form.
6.
9
30
3
10
7.
64
20
16
5
8. 99 ⬊ 33 3 ⬊ 1 9. 75 ⬊ 20
15 ⬊ 4
10.
45
180
1
4
11. Sports During a recent Olympics, the United States won 97 medals,
including 39 gold medals. Write the ratio of gold medals to total
medals in three ways. 39
, 39 to 97, 39 ⬊ 97
97
Spanish Vocabulary/Study Skills
Vocabulary/Study Skills
L3
5F: Vocabulary Review Puzzle
For use with the Chapter Review
Complete the crossword puzzle. For help, use the Glossary in your
textbook.
Here are the words you will use to complete this crossword puzzle:
equation
inequality
ratio
factor
mixed number
scale drawing
figures
prime
fraction
proportion
Vocabulary and Study Skills
Study Skill Use a special notebook or section of a loose-leaf binder
for math.
Lesson 5-2
• To find unit rates and unit
costs using proportional
reasoning
A rate is a ratio that compares two quantities measured in different
units. A unit rate has a denominator of 1. Find a unit cost by dividing the
price of an item by the size of the item.
Write the unit rate for each situation.
1
F
I
G
U
R
E
5
S C
I
N
3
E
M
Q
I
U
X
A L E D
6
F
L
D
7
P R O P O R T I O N
A
T
U
C
Y
M
T
B
9
I
E
R
10
O
F A C T O R
N
T
I
O
4
P
R A W I NG
I
M
8
E Q U A T I O N
DOWN
1. Similar
have the same
shape but not necessarily the same size.
2. a statement that two expressions are not
equal
ACROSS
5. enlarged or reduced drawing of an object
7. equation stating two ratios are equal
8. a statement of two equal expressions
10. a whole number that divides another whole
number evenly
266
12. 282 passengers in 47 cars
6 passengers/car
14. 414 students in 18 classrooms
23 students/classroom
2
3. a number made up of a nonzero whole
number and a fraction
4. a number with only two factors, one and
itself
6. a number in the form ba
9. a comparison of two numbers by division
266
Chapter 5 Chapter Review
13. 600 Calories in 8 servings
75 Cal/serving
15. $136 for 34 kg $4/kg
phm07_te_NA_ch5.book Page 267 Tuesday, June 13, 2006 4:55 PM
Alternative Assessment
Alternative Assessment
L4
Form C
Chapter 5
SUPER COOPER ATHLETES
Lesson 5-3
• To test whether ratios
form a proportion by
using equivalent ratios
and cross products
Each year thousands of student athletes take the Cooper test. Its
purpose is to measure an athlete’s physical condition. Test results can
be used to plan an exercise program.
16. Shopping A 10-oz box of cereal costs $2.79. A 13-oz box of the
same brand of cereal costs $3.99. Find the unit cost for each item and
determine which is the better buy. See left.
17. A carpenter renovating a house is sanding the dining room floor.
ft2 of wood floor in 1
She sands 300
h 40 min. What is the unit rate in
square feet per minute? 3 ft2 per minute
16. $.28/oz, $.31/oz; the
10-oz size is the better
buy.
The Cooper test is very simple. It measures how far a person can run in
12 min. An athlete who is in good physical condition can run farther
than an athlete whose physical condition is not as good. Since it is easier
to measure laps than to measure miles, athletes usually take the test on
a school track. One lap equals 14 mi on a standard track.
This chart shows how to use the Cooper test results to determine an
individual’s physical condition.
Condition
Number of Laps
Run in 12 min
Miles
Excellent
7–8
1.75–2.00
Good
6–7
1.50–1.75
Fair
5–6
1.25–1.50
Poor
4–5
1.00–1.25
Solve.
Lesson 5-4
• To solve proportions using
unit rates, mental math,
and cross products
1. Martina ran 6 12 laps in 12 min. Approximately how many miles
did she run? According to the Cooper test results, what is
Martina’s physical condition?
A proportion is an equation stating that two ratios are equal. If two
ratios form a proportion, the cross products are equal.
Solve each proportion.
18.
3
n 12
28
7
19.
3
25
15
5
x
20.
a
3
12
18
72
21.
2. Jeb is getting in shape to play baseball this summer. He can’t run
on the school track. However, there is a measured mile on a road
near his house. He can run that mile in 10 min. What kind of
shape is Jeb in? Explain your thinking.
136
32
4
17
c
22. Wood A local lumberyard sells a total of 250,000 board feet of
x
;
22. 53 250,000
417,000
hardwood each year. The ratio of softwood sold to hardwood sold is
5 3. Write and solve a proportion to find the amount of softwood
sold each year. Round your answer to the nearest thousand.
See left.
23. The ratio of the width of a rectangle to its length is 5 8 . What is the
width in feet if the length is 12 ft? 7.5 ft
board feet
Lesson 5-5
• To use proportions to find
missing lengths in similar
figures
Two polygons are similar polygons if corresponding angles have equal
measures and the lengths of corresponding sides form equivalent ratios.
24. A fire hydrant is 30 in. tall and casts a shadow 8 in. long. How tall is
a nearby tree that casts a shadow 4 ft long?15 ft
Each pair of figures is similar. Find each missing value.
25.
A
10
D
30
B
E
x
15
C
H
BADC , EFGH
45
Lesson 5-6
• To use proportions to
solve problems involving
scale
26.
F
G
F
C
24
40
27
A 32 B
D
x
y
E
ABC , DEF
x 45, y 36
A scale drawing is an enlarged or reduced drawing of an object that is
similar to the actual object. A scale is a ratio that compares a length in a
drawing to the corresponding length in an actual object.
27. Maps The scale on a map is 1 in. 525 mi. The map distance
from Chicago to Tokyo is 12 in. Find the actual distance between
the cities. 6,300 mi
28. Architecture A drawing’s scale is 0 . 5 in. 10 ft. A room is 15 ft
long. How long is the room on the drawing? 0.75 in.
Chapter 5 Chapter Review
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