National Optical
Astronomy Observatory
(NOAO)
Style Guide
NOAO Newsletter and NSF Reports
Sharon E. Hunt
NOAO Publications Coordinator
Revised 4/26/2017
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Contents
Quick Reference Guide for NSF Reports .......................................................................................... 4
Images .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Captions ................................................................................................................................................................ 4
Image Files ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Text References ................................................................................................................................................... 4
Names, Personal .................................................................................................................................................. 4
References ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Word Count.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
Quick Reference Guide to Colons, Commas, and Semicolons ...................................................... 5
Quick Reference Guide for NOAO Newsletter ................................................................................ 6
Images .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Captions ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Image Files ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
Text References ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Names, Personal .................................................................................................................................................. 6
References ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Accent Marks ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Adjectives, Compound ........................................................................................................................... 8
Capitalization ........................................................................................................................................... 8
General Guidelines ............................................................................................................................................. 8
Section Headings and Article Titles ............................................................................................................... 8
Commas ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
Dashes & Hyphens .................................................................................................................................. 9
Hyphen .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
En-dash.................................................................................................................................................................. 9
Em-dash ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Dates ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Foreign Names/Words.......................................................................................................................... 10
Formatting .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Greek Letters ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Hyphens. See Dashes. ........................................................................................................................... 10
Images ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
Captions ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
Charts/Graphs/Tables .................................................................................................................................... 11
Images ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Text References ................................................................................................................................................ 11
Institutional Names ............................................................................................................................... 11
2
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Italics ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
Journal Names and Abbreviations .................................................................................................... 14
Lists, Vertical ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Measurements ........................................................................................................................................ 14
Names, Personal..................................................................................................................................... 15
NOAO Newsletter ............................................................................................................................................ 15
NSF Reports ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
Numbers/Numerals ............................................................................................................................... 15
Punctuation ............................................................................................................................................. 16
Apostrophes....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Colon ................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Semicolon ........................................................................................................................................................... 16
Spaces.................................................................................................................................................................. 16
Redundant Redundancies ................................................................................................................... 17
References ............................................................................................................................................... 17
NOAO Newsletter ............................................................................................................................................ 17
NSF Reports ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Special Characters ................................................................................................................................ 18
Spelling .................................................................................................................................................... 18
States ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
Telescope Names .................................................................................................................................... 22
Titles ......................................................................................................................................................... 22
Word Count ............................................................................................................................................ 22
Word Usage ............................................................................................................................................ 22
Acronym/Initialism.......................................................................................................................................... 22
Assure/Ensure/Insure ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Further/Farther................................................................................................................................................ 23
Which/That........................................................................................................................................................ 23
Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................................... 23
3
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Quick Reference Guide for NSF Reports
Abbreviations
Spelling
Images
Captions
 Provide concise captions to describe what the image represents.
 Number images if more than one in the article.
 Examples: Figure 1. Concise description. (Image credit: J. Price/NOAO/AURA/NSF.)
Figure 2. Concise description. (Image credit: Muñoz et al. 2015, ApJ, 815, L1.)
Image Files
 Acceptable formats are EPS, PNG, TIF, JPG, GIF, PDF.
 Provide separate (not imbedded in text) high-resolution image files.
 Images must be 1200 x 800 pixels or larger.
 If image is from a published article, check the publisher’s requirements for permission
requirements and add a “permission” comment to the credit line as directed.
Text References
Examples: See Figure 2; As shown in Table 1; The orbit was variable (Figure 1).
Names, Personal
 Avoid naming specific NOAO staff when possible; if necessary, use “first initial last name.”
 Use spaces between initials: K. H. Hunt
 Principal investigator references: PI: J. Smith
 Non-NOAO staff: Use full name without title and degree. Add affiliation after name in
parentheses. Example: F. Fekel (Tennessee State University)
 Use a formal voice and avoid the use of first person pronouns.
 Write from the standpoint of the third person, limiting the use of third person pronouns. Refer
instead to a department, program, or group name and/or use the words “staff” or
“employees.” The report needs to sound as though only one person wrote it.
 References to the “reader” should not be necessary.
References
 Text examples:
(Ryan 2014; Mann et al. 2015; Smith and Jones 2015)
We found two new binary stars (Smith and Jones, 2015, MNRAS, 52, 415).
Hui et al. (2015, MNRAS, 446, 842) found a new binary star.
Smith published “The Binary Stars” (2015, ApJ, 781, 82) earlier this year.
Word Count
1 page, Calibri, 11 pt = (approx.)
With two 2.5 × 2.5 images and captions: 300 words, 2000 characters with spaces
Without image: 550 words; 3400 characters with spaces
4
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Quick Reference Guide to Colons, Commas, and Semicolons
Colon
 Use before a quotation longer than one line.
Example: According to Dr. Page: "The government goofed again. It failed to
review the matter."
 May be used between two sentences when the second sentence explains or expands upon
the first sentence.
Example: She got what we worked for: she earned a promotion.
 Use after a complete sentence to introduce a list.
Example: I must remember to bring my things to the party: food, drink, fork.
 Do not use after an incomplete sentence before a list. This sentence is incorrect: I must
remember to bring my things to the party including: food, drink, fork. = I must remember
to bring my things to the party including food, drink, and fork.
Semicolon
 Use between two closely linked sentences.
 Use to separate units of a series when one or more of the units contain commas.
Example: The conference was attended by individuals from Moscow, Idaho;
California; Tucson, Arizona; and other places.
 Use before conjunctive adverbs (however, therefore, that is, for example) when they
introduce a complete sentence.
Example: I wanted to go to Mars; however, the spacecraft was already full.
Commas
Use a comma
 before “and” in a series (Blanco, Mayall, and SOAR);
 between a city name and state name or a city name and country name (Kitt Peak is
located in Tucson, Arizona, south of Phoenix)
 in numbers of 4 or more digits in non-science uses (3,270 miles; 1,000,111
individuals)
 before “which”; this relative pronoun introduces a nonrestrictive clause that
provides supplementary information not essential to define the word or clause
referred to by “which.” Example: The Mosaic filters include the VR filter, which
has an especially broad band-pass.
Do *not* use a comma
 in four-digit number in science uses (6700 square degrees)
 before “that”; this relative pronoun introduces a restrictive clause essential to
the meaning of the sentence to properly identify or define the word or clause
referred to by “that.” Example: For the deepest surveys, you should use the
Mosaic filter that has the broadest band-pass.
5
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Quick Reference Guide for NOAO Newsletter
Abbreviations
Spelling
Images
Captions
 Provide concise captions to describe what the image represents.
 Number images if more than one in the article.
 Examples: Figure 1. Concise description. (Image credit: J. Price/NOAO/AURA/NSF.)
Figure 2. Concise description. (Image credit: Muñoz et al. 2015, ApJ, 815, L1.)
Image Files
 Acceptable formats are EPS, PNG, TIF, JPG, GIF, PDF.
 Provide separate (not imbedded in text) high-resolution image files.
 Images must be 1200 x 800 pixels or larger.
 If image is from a published article, check the publisher’s requirements for permission
requirements and add a “permission” comment to the credit line as directed.
Text References
Examples: See Figure 2; As shown in Table 1; The orbit was variable (Figure 1).
Names, Personal
 Use people’s names without a title or degree. (J. Smith)
 In a Science Highlights article, use the last name only in second and subsequent references.
 In an article other than in Science Highlights, use the first name only in second and subsequent
(unless it would be confused with someone else in the article).
 Articles may be written in the first person (“I,” “we,” “my,” “our,” “me,” “us”).
 References to the reader may be in the second person (“you,” “your”).
References
 In sections other than Science Highlights, use full citation in body of article.
 Science Highlights
o Text
 1 author: Smith (2007) OR (Smith 2007)
 2 authors: Smith and Jones (2008) OR (Smith and Jones 2008)
 3 authors: Smith, Jones, and Ryan (2010) OR (Smith, Jones, and Ryan 2010)
 4 or more authors: Connors et al. (2011) OR (Connors et al. 2011)
 2 or more papers in same reference: (Smith 2008; Towne 20007)
o References (at end of article):
 1 author: Smith, A. B. 2007, arXiv:0702.1234
 2 authors: Smith, M. R. and Jones, S. Q. 2008, ApJ, 492, 111
 3 authors: Smith, M. R., Jones, S. R., and Ryan, N. C. 2010, AJ, 444, 22
 4 or more authors: Connors, M., et al. 2011, Natur, 475, 481
o Papers with the same author(s) and years: Smith 2008a; Smith 2008b, etc.
6
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Abbreviations




See this Style Guide’s Abbreviations.
Write out all names in full on their first appearance followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.
Use the abbreviation in the remainder of text.
Example: The National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) is the national center
for ground-based nighttime astronomy in the United States. Visit the NOAO website
(www.noao.edu) for information on our programs.
Spell out “University” the first time and then abbreviate as “U.”
Example: The instrument was developed at the University of Florida. The principal
investigator was Richard Jones (U. Florida).
Use “the” or “a/an” only before an abbreviation that cannot be pronounced as a word.
Examples: We contacted ESO to inquire about the IAU.
We are interested in ALMA as well as in the VLT.
Accent Marks
Note: A “+”in the table below indicates that you must press the specified keys together. A comma
indicates that you press the specified keys separately.
Example: For è on a Windows machine, press Ctrl key together with ` key; release; press “e” key
Windows
Shortcut Key Combination
Mac
Shortcut Key Combination
à, è, ì, ò, ù, À, È,
Ì, Ò, Ù
á, é, í, ó, ú, ý, Á,
É, Í, Ó, Ú, Ý
â, ê, î, ô, û, Â, Ê,
Î, Ô, Û
ã, ñ, õ, Ã, Ñ, Õ
ä, ë, ï, ö, ü, ÿ, Ä,
Ë, Ï, Ö, Ü, Ÿ
å, Å
æ, Æ
Ctrl + ` (accent grave), the letter
Option + ` (accent grave), the letter
Ctrl + ' (apostrophe), the letter
Option + e, the letter
Ctrl + Shift +^ (caret), the letter
Option + i, the letter
Ctrl + Shift +~ (tilde), the letter
Ctrl + Shift +: (colon), the letter
Option + n, the letter
Option + u, the letter
Ctrl + Shift + @, a or A
Ctrl + Shift + &, a or A
œ, Œ
ç, Ç
ð, Ð
ø, Ø
¿
¡
ß
Ctrl + Shift + &, o or O
Ctrl + , (comma), c or C
Ctrl + ' (apostrophe), d or D
Ctrl + /, o or O
Alt + Ctrl + Shift + ?
Alt + Ctrl + Shift + !
Ctrl + Shift + &, s
Option + a or Option + A
Option + ’ (apostrophe) OR Option +
Shift + ’ (apostrophe)
Option + q OR Option + Shift + q
Option + c or C
Letter/Symbol
7
Option + o
Option + Shift + ?
Option + !
Option + s
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Adjectives, Compound



For compound adjectives before nouns, use a hyphen only if necessary for clarification.
Do not hyphenate a compound adjective when the first word ends in “ly.”
Example: She is a highly competent employee.
See this Style Guide’s Spelling section for the capitalization of specific terms. Consult a
dictionary for terms not found in the Spelling list.
Capitalization
General Guidelines



See this Style Guide’s Spelling section for the capitalization of specific terms.
Capitalize all proper nouns.
For individual or institutional names, follow the convention of the individual or
institution.
Section Headings and Article Titles
Capitalize
first and last words in titles and subtitles
all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs
Lowercase
articles (a, an, the)
conjunctions (and, but, or, nor)
prepositions (above, in)
Hyphenated Words
Always capitalize the first element.
Capitalize the second element UNLESS it is an article, conjunction, or
preposition OR the first element is a prefix.
Examples:
A Run-in with the Boss
Twenty-Two
Back-and-Forth
High-Status Job
Time-Sensitive Material
Anti-intellectual
Pre-order
Commas
Use a comma
 before “and” in a series (Blanco, Mayall, and SOAR);
 between a city name and state name or a city name and country name (Kitt Peak is
located in Tucson, Arizona, south of Phoenix)
 in numbers of 4 or more digits in non-science uses (3,270 miles; 1,000,111 individuals)
8
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing

before “which”; this relative pronoun introduces a nonrestrictive clause that provides
supplementary information not essential to define the word or clause referred to by
“which.” Example: The Mosaic filters include the VR filter, which has an especially
broad band-pass.
Do *not* use a comma
 in four-digit number in science uses (6700 square degrees)
 before “that”; this relative pronoun introduces a restrictive clause essential to the
meaning of the sentence to properly identify or define the word or clause referred to
by “that.” Example: For the deepest surveys, you should use the Mosaic filter that
has the broadest band-pass.
Dashes & Hyphens
Hyphen






Used to connect two words in text, such as compound adjectives (ground-based
astronomy) and nouns (one-off).
Used in non-inclusive numbers such as phone numbers (318-8475).
Used before “mid” when followed by word starting with a capital letter (mid-April).
See also this Style Guide’s Adjectives, Compound section for guidance on hyphenating
compound adjectives.
See also this Style Guide’s Spelling section and a dictionary for hyphenation of specific
terms.
En-dash



–
Used to separate ranges of numbers and dates (May–August; 114–251)
Used to indicate a minus sign (–2)
Em-dash







—
Used to indicate a break in thought
Used before a phrase that emphasizes or provides further explanation of the main clause
in a sentence
No spaces before or after em-dash
Examples:
The house was very solid—and not just because it was made of stone.
The instrument—damaged severely in transit—is not available for the coming semester.
9
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Dates




Centuries: 20th century (“th” not superscript)
Decades: the 1990s (no apostrophe)
Months: September, March, February (spell out)
Specific Dates: 25 June 2015; 15–16 February 2015; May 2010; December 25; 1 March–
2 April 2008; May–June
Foreign Names/Words



Foreign words that have not been commonly accepted into English are placed in italics. See
this Style Guide’s Spelling section for specific terms. For terms not in this Style Guide,
consult a dictionary.
Proper names in foreign languages are capitalized and in roman type.
See also this Style Guide’s Accent Marks section and Institutional Names section.
Formatting




Margins: 1-inch
Font: Times New Roman
Type Size: 12 point (NOAO Newsletter); 11 point (NSF Reports)
Orientation: Portrait
Greek Letters
Greek letters may be used in any section of the NOAO Newsletter and in NSF Reports.
Example: “H” instead of “H-alpha”
Hyphens. See Dashes.
Images
Captions




Provide concise captions to describe what the image represents.
Number images for Newsletter article if more than one in the article.
Place credit line at end of caption: (Initial of first name Last name/Affiliation.)
Examples:
o Figure 1. Concise description. (Image credit: J. Price/NOAO/AURA/NSF.)
o Figure 2. Concise description. (Image credit: Muñoz et al. 2015, ApJ, 815, L1.)
10
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Charts/Graphs/Tables


Axis labels and symbols should be readable.
Provide separate (not imbedded in text), high-resolution image files.
Images




Acceptable formats are EPS, PNG, TIF, JPG, GIF, PDF.
Provide separate (not imbedded in text) high-resolution image files.
Images must be 1200 x 800 pixels or larger.
If image is from a published article, check the publisher’s requirements and be sure that
permission has been obtained. Add a “permission” comment to the credit line as directed
by the publisher.
Text References
Examples: See Figure 2; As shown in Table 1; The orbit was variable (Figure 1).
Institutional Names


Spell out an institution’s name at first occurrence and follow with the abbreviation in
parentheses (if there will be subsequent references). Use the abbreviation for all subsequent
references.
Spell out “University” the first time and then abbreviate as “U.” (example: University of
Florida; U. Florida)
Foreign Institutions:
Aarhus University (or Aarhus Universitet)
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
Argelander-Institut für Astronomie
Astronomický ústav
Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam
Australian National University
Brandon University
Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory
Centre d’ Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements
Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique
Centro de Astrobiología
Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomía
Centro de Radio Astronomia e Applicações
Charles University, Prague
Chubu University
Città Universitaria
College of New Caledonia
Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas
Deutschen Zentrum für Luft- und
Raumfahrt
Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte Bamberg (the
Astronomical Institute of the University
of Erlangen-Nuremberg)
Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
École Polytechnique de Lausanne
Eldgenössische Technische Hochschule
Escuela Intermedia Sabana Llana
Ewha Womans University
Facultad de Ciencias
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena
Fundació Observatori Esteve Duran
Hamburger Sternwarte
Heidelberg University
Heidelberg-Königstuhl Landessternwarte
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics
Inst. Astrofísica de Andalucia (IAA)
11
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Inst. of Space & Astronautical Science
Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris
Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale
Institut de Ciències de L’Espai
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique
de Grenoble
Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique
Institut für Astronomie, Zurich
Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik
Potsdam
Institute for Theoretical Physics
Institute of Astronomy, University of
Tokyo
Institute of Experimental Physics
Institute of Radioastronomy C.N.R.
Instituto (de) Astrofísco de Andalucia
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Instituto de Astronomía
Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e
Ciências Atmosféricas
Instituto de Estructura de la Materia
Instituto de Matemáticas y Física
Fundamental
Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and
Astrophysics
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
International Space University
Istituto Astronomico
Istituto de Astrofisica Spaziale
Istituto de Astronomia, Firenze
Istituto de Fisica Cosmica CNR
Istituto di Fisica Cosmica e Tecnologie
Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio
Interplanetario
Istituto di Radioastronomia
Istituto di Radioastronomia, Bologna, CNR
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica: Istituto
Nazionale di Astrofisica–Osservatorio
Astrofisico di Catania; Istituto
Nazionale di Astrofisica–Telescopio
Nazionale Galileo
Iwate University
Jagiellonian University
Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU
Leuven)
Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik
Kiev State University
L’Observatoire de Nice
Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatial de
Marseilles
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Grenoble
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille
Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire
Laboratoire de Physique Moléculaire et
Atmosphérique
Laboratorio di Radioastronomia
Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica
Laval University
Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik
Liverpool John Moores University
Ludwig-Maximilians Universität-München
Macquarie University
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische
Physik
Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
Heidelberg
Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie
McGill University
McMaster University
Monash University
National Astronomical Observatory
National Central University
Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg
Observatoire de Besançon
Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Observatoire de Midi-Pyrenees
Observatoire de Paris
Observatoire de Pic-du-Midi
Observatoire de Strasbourg
Observatoire Royal de Belgique
Observatorio Astrofísico Guillermo Haro
Observatorio Astronómia Nacional
Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba
Observatório Astronómico de Lisboa
Observatorio Astronómico F. Aguilar
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional
12
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Observatório do Valongo
Observatorio Nacional Brazil
Odessa State University
Open University
Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri
Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile
Queen’s University Belfast
Radboud University Nijmegen
Service d’Aéronomie du CNRS
Service d’Astrophysique
Swinburne University
The Hebrew University
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenberg
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Universidad Católica del Norte
Universidad de Cantabria
Universidad de Concepción
Universidad de Valparaíso
Universidad del País Vasco
Universidad Nacional de la Plata
Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Norte
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Università degli Studi di Bologna
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
Università degli Studi di Padova
Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
Universität Bonn
Universität Heidelberg
Universität Kiel
Universität Münster
Universität Potsdam
Universität Wien
Universitäts-Sternwarte München
Université de Liège
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
Université de Strasbourg
Université Libre de Bruxelles
University of Alberta
University of Birmingham
University of Cambridge
University of Canterbury
University of Durham
University of Edinburgh
University of Exeter
University of Groningen
University of Hertfordshire
University of Leicester
University of Manchester
University of Melbourne
University of Montreal
University of Oxford
University of Portsmouth
University of Sheffield
University of Southampton
University of St. Andrews
University of Sydney
University of Toronto
University of Victoria
University of Warwick
Warsaw University Observatory
Weizmann Institute of Science
York University
Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität
Heidelberg
Italics



Book titles: Coloring the Universe
Journal names: Astronomical Journal
Non-English-language words that have not been commonly accepted into English are
italicized. See this Style Guide’s Spelling section for specific terms. For terms not in this
Style Guide, consult a dictionary; non-English-language terms found in the dictionary are not
italicized.
13
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Journal Names and Abbreviations
A&A – Astronomy and Astrophysics
A&AR – The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review
A&AS – Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series
Afz – Astrofizika
AJ – The Astronomical Journal
ApJ – The Astrophysical Journal
ApJL – The Astrophysical Journal Letters
ApJS – The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Ap&SS – Astrophysics and Space Science
ARA&A – Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
BAAS – Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society (AAS Meetings)
JA&A – Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
MNRAS – Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
PASJ – Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
PASP – Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
QJRAS – Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
RevMexAA – Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica
Lists, Vertical
Ensure that each element of the list is in the same format and follows consistently from the leadin statement.
Complete sentence (begin list with capital letter; end with punctuation)
We made the following observations:
The star exploded in space.
The aliens escaped.
Incomplete sentence (begin list with lowercase letter; end with period; use semicolons within list)
I observed the following objects:
pen;
paper;
Saturn;
a space shuttle.
Measurements







Abbreviations vs. symbols: Use symbols if no confusion is possible; otherwise use abbreviations.
Adjectives: 4m telescope; 40-second clock
Angstroms = Å
Arcminute: “arcmin” instead of symbol [‘]
Arcsecond: “arcsec” instead of symbol [“]
Degrees: 90°
Metric system: use as much as possible
14
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing


Space between measure and unit (7 µm; 12 GHz; 12 Mps)
Telescopes: 4m; 200 in
Names, Personal
NOAO Newsletter





Use people’s names without a title or degree. (J. Smith)
In second and subsequent references to an individual in a Science Highlights article, use the
last name only.
In second and subsequent references to an individual in sections other than Science
Highlights, use the first name only (unless it would be confused with someone else in the
article).
Articles may be written in the first person (“I,” “we,” “my,” “our,” “me,” “us”).
References to the reader may be in the second person (“you,” “your”).
NSF Reports







Avoid naming specific NOAO staff when possible; if necessary, use “first initial last name.”
Use spaces between initials: K. H. Hunt
Principal investigator references: PI: J. Smith
Non-NOAO staff: Use full name without title and degree. Add affiliation after name in
parentheses. Example: F. Fekel (Tennessee State University)
Use a formal voice and avoid the use of first person pronouns.
Write from the standpoint of the third person, limiting the use of third person pronouns. Refer
instead to a department, program, or group name and/or use the words “staff” or
“employees.” The report needs to sound as though only one person wrote it.
References to the “reader” should not be necessary.
Numbers/Numerals
See also this Style Guide’s Measurements section.










Abbreviations: 4 g; 35 kg (use Arabic numerals)
Adjectives: 15-year-old telescope
Apertures: /8 aperture (use Arabic numerals and  symbol)
CCD formats: 8K  8K
Centuries: 14th century, 20th century
Dimensions: 10  15
Formulas: Use Arabic numerals
Fractions: one-eighth portion (use hyphen)
Ionization values: He II, [O III]
Large numbers: With four or more digits to left of decimal point, use a comma separator or use
scientific notation. This also applies to “R” units for spectral resolution.
15
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing






Math symbols: No space between symbol (i.e., ~,+, etc.) and number, unless part of an equation
(~100)
Numbers ≤ nine: Spell out (one, two)
Numbers ≥ 10: Use Arabic numerals (10, 251)
Ordinal numbers: 23rd (no superscripts)
Percents: Arabic numeral and percent sign (15%)
Ranges (inclusive): Use en-dash (–)
Punctuation
Apostrophes



Use to indicate possession.
Examples: singular nouns: Smith’s, Jones’s
plural nouns: cars’; United States’
Do not use in abbreviations: CDs
Do not use in decades: 1980s
Colon




Use before a quotation longer than one line.
May be used between two sentences when the second sentence explains or expands upon the
first sentence.
Example: She got what we worked for: she earned a promotion.
Use after a complete sentence to introduce a list.
Example: I must remember to bring my things to the party: food, drink, fork.
Do not use after an incomplete sentence before a list. This sentence is incorrect: I must
remember to bring my things to the party including: food, drink, fork. = I must
remember to bring my things to the party including food, drink, and fork.
Semicolon



Use between two closely linked sentences.
Use to separate units of a series when one or more of the units contain commas. Example:
The conference was attended by individuals from Moscow, Idaho; California; Tucson,
Arizona; and other places.
Use before conjunctive adverbs (however, therefore, that is, for example) when they
introduce a complete sentence.
Example: I wanted to go to Mars; however, the spacecraft was already full.
Spaces


Use one space between sentences in NSF Reports.
Use two spaces between sentences in NOAO Newsletter.
16
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Redundant Redundancies

Avoid unnecessary words and phrases unless needed for clarity. In the following examples, you
should remove the words in square brackets.
 I studied the Moon [in order] to determine its orbit.
 [absolutely] necessary
 [absolutely] essential
 attach [together]
 [brief] summary
 [completely] eliminate
 connect [together]
 crisis [situation]
 each [and every]
 [end] result
 [final] outcome
 outside [of]
 whether [or not]
In NOAO Newsletter articles, avoid starting articles with phrases such as “As you know,” “As
we said before,” and “As you may recall.” The classic newspaper style of leading with a few
strong declarative sentences that get the main point of the article instantly in front of the
reader is preferred.
References
NOAO Newsletter


In sections other than Science Highlights, use full citation in body of article. Do not include
in captions.
Science Highlights
o Text
 1 author: Smith (2007) OR (Smith 2007)
 2 authors: Smith and Jones (2008) OR (Smith and Jones 2008)
 3 authors: Smith, Jones, and Ryan (2010) OR (Smith, Jones, and Ryan 2010)
 4 or more authors: Connors et al. (2011) OR (Connors et al. 2011)
 2 or more papers in same reference: (Smith 2008; Towne 20007)
o References (at end of article):
 1 author: Smith, A. B. 2007, arXiv:0702.1234
 2 authors: Smith, M. R. and Jones, S. Q. 2008, ApJ, 492, 111
 3 authors: Smith, M. R., Jones, S. R., and Ryan, N. C. 2010, AJ, 444, 22
 4 or more authors: Connors, M., et al. 2011, Natur, 475, 481
 Papers with the same author(s) and years: Smith 2008a; Smith 2008b, etc.
 Wolk, S. J., & Walter, F. M. 1999, AJ, submitted
 Wolk, S. J., & Walter, F. M. 1999, AJ, in press
17
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
NSF Reports

Text examples:
(Ryan 2014; Mann et al. 2015; Smith and Jones 2015)
We found two new binary stars (Smith and Jones, 2015, MNRAS, 52, 415).
Hui et al. (2015, MNRAS, 446, 842) found a new binary star.
Smith published “The Binary Stars” (2015, ApJ, 781, 82) earlier this year.
Special Characters

Msun = M⊙

× (multiplication sign)
Spelling
See also this Style Guide’s Abbreviations.
90Prime (Bok telescope)
a.m.
Abu (infrared camera)
ad hoc
Adaptive Optics Roadmap
Aladdin
alt-az
Altair
arcmin
arcminute
arcsec
arcsecond
Astro2010 Decadal Survey
Astronomy Night at the White House
ATST Project
backscatter
backup
baseline
beam splitter
Big Bang
binarity
birthline
Boötes
Bok Telescope
Bosque Fray Jorge National Park
break up (verb)
breakup (adj.)
bright-time
broadband
build-up
Burrell Schmidt telescope
Call for Proposals
Cassegrain
Celcius
Cerro Pachón
Chandra X-ray Observatory
clean room
co-author
co-spatial
coelostat
cooldown
cost-effective (adj.)
Coudé Feed
cross-calibration
Crosstalk (electronics term)
Curtis Schmidt telescope
data (plural noun)
database
data set/s
Daytime
decadal survey (but capitalize when part of
proper name)
Deep Wide-Field Survey (NDWFS) (use
abbreviation on second and subsequent
text references)
delivered image quality
Demonstration Science
Dewar
diffraction-limited (adj.)
digital archive
18
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
dimensional: 2-D; 3-D
Doppler
Dunn Solar Telescope
e.g.,
Earth (not “the Earth”)
East (direction)
echelle
eduroam
eigenprofile(s)
El Peñón
electro-mechanical
electro-optical
email
et al.
etalon
etc.,
Evershed effect
extrasolar planet
Fahrenheit or F (212° F or 212° Fahrenheit)
fall (season)
far-infrared
farside
federal
fiber optics
fiber-optic
field-of-view (adj.); field of view (noun)
flat-fielding
follow-up (noun and adj.); follow up (verb)
ftp
FWHM
FY 2003; FY03
Galactic
Galactic Center
Galaxy
gamma-ray astronomy
Gauss (unit)
Gaussian
GEMINI (software package)
Gemini Director
Gemini North
Gemini Observatory
Gemini Partnership
Gemini South
GMOS-North
GMOS-South
GNIRS Team
go-ahead
grayscale
grism
ground-based (adj.)
guide star
Gyr
Haleakalā
hard copy
hard wired (verb); hardwired (adj.)
hemisphere: unsphere; Southern
Hemisphere
high energy physics
high-resolution (adj.)
home page
HTML
i.e.,
in situ
infrared (spell out on first occurrence; use
IR in second and subsequent text
references)
input
intergalactic
Internet
Iolkam Duag
IR
iSHELL
IYA2009
James Webb Space Telescope
JPEG
Keck telescopes: Keck I; Keck II
Kelvin
Kitt Peak Observers’ Information web page
Kitt Peak Visitor Center (KPVC)
kpc
Kuiper Belt object
LabVIEW
large-scale (adj.)
light-curve(s)
light-year(s)
local universe
long-slit
long-term (adj.)
LONGSLIT
lookup
low frequency waves
low-order
lowercase
magnetogram(s)
magnitude-limited (adj.)
Maunakea
Mayall 4m telescope
McMath-Pierce facility; McMath-Pierce
Solar Telescope; McMath-Pierce
medium-resolution (adj.)
19
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
megayear
metal-rich, metal-poor (adj.)
Michelle (Gemini mid-infrared imager)
micromirror
mid- (when followed by proper noun as in
mid-June; most compound adjectives do
not require hyphen as in midyear)
mid-infrared (spell out on first occurrence;
use mid-IR on second and subsequent
text references)
Mini-Mosaic
MMT
Moon
Mosaic 1.1
Mosaic-3
Mosaic camera(s)
Mosaic II imager
Mosaic z-Band Legacy Survey (MZLS)
mosplate
mpc
msini
multi (in compound terms, generally do not
use hyphen, e.g., multipartner; multislit;
multinational, multiwavelength; but
multi-object; multi-instrument)
Mx
Myr
narrowband
Nasmyth
Near-Earth object (NEO)
near-infrared
near-infrared (also near-IR or NIR,
hyphenate as adj, spell out first
occurrence)
NEWFIRM (use “the NEWFIRM widefield infrared imager” on first reference)
nighttime
NOAO Currents
NOAO director; NOAO Director Joe Smith
NOAO North; NOAO-N
NOAO South; NOAO-S
NOAO Tucson
nod-and-shuffle mode
non (in compound terms, generally do not
use hyphen, e.g., nonlinear; but, nonsurvey)
North (direction)
notch filter
NSF (use on first and all subsequent
occurrences)
O/IR (optical/infrared, spell out first
occurrence; use abbreviation on second
and subsequent text references)
off-axis
on-axis
on-site (adj.)
onboard (adj.)
online (noun, adj.)
open-access (adj.)
optical/infrared
optomechanical
overspeed
p.m.
parameter
Parque Nacional Bosque Fray Jorge
pc
PDF
Phase I Tool
Phase II submissions
PhD
Phoenix (high-resolution near-infrared
spectrometer)
photo-ablation
p.m.
point spread function
polarimetric
Polysilicon
postdoc, postdoctoral
powerhouse
pre-ship, pre-shipment
principal component analysis
principal investigator (lowercase except
when preceding person’s name, i.e.,
Principal Investigator Ken Hinkle, the
principal investigator for the project)
protoplanet
protoplanetary
radial velocity dispersion
read-time
readout (noun)
real time (noun); real-time (adj.)
RedLaSer
redshift
redshifted
resolution: hyphenate before term in
compound adjectives: high-resolution;
low-resolution; moderate-resolution;
medium-resolution
ridge (Kitt Peak): west ridge; north ridge
road map
20
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
SAC
set up (verb); set-up (adj.); setup (noun)
shared-risk basis
shut down (verb); shutdown (noun)
sidelobe(s)
sky glow
sky line
small-scale (adj.)
SMARTS consortium
SOAR 4.1-m telescope
solar system
south (direction)
Southern Hemisphere
space weather
space-based (adj.)
spectropolarimeter
spring (season)
staff (plural noun)
star formation (adj.)
star-forming (adj.)
starburst
subaward
subfield
subpixel
substellar
summer
Sun (our Sun; lowercase other suns)
Sun-like
supernova (SN)
supernovae (SNe)
supersonic
Survey Program
Swift
T Tauri stars
telescope (lowercase, as in Blanco
telescope)
telnet
terabytes
TeraGrid
test bed
time-domain (adj.)
time-sensitive (adj.)
timescale
time series observations
tip-tilt
Tohono O’odham
tonne
toward
TripleSpec (instrument)
Type Ia, Type Ia supernova
U-floor
ultraviolet
underrepresented
United States (noun); US (adj.)
Universe
University of Hawai‘i
uppercase
URL
US (adj.); United States (noun)
user guide/user manual
videoconference
Washington, DC
wavefront (adj.)
waveplate
weak lensing (adj.)
weather-tight
Web
web page
web-based (adj.)
webcam
webcast
WebEx
website
well-known (adj.)
west
white paper
wide-field
wide-field camera
Wi-Fi
wind shake
winter (season)
Wireless LAN Controller (WLC)
WIYN building
WIYN Consortium
workshop
X-ray
States


Address: Use the postal service two-letter abbreviation in a complete address.
950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719
City/State format: Spell out (Kitt Peak is near Tucson, Arizona.)
21
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing

Institutional Names: Spell out (University of Arizona)
Telescope Names





Spell out telescope names at first occurrence. Follow with the abbreviation in parentheses if there
will be subsequent abbreviation and use the acronym for all subsequent references.
Exceptions: MMT, WIYN (use abbreviation in every occurrence)
Aperture size in telescope names:
o 4m telescope
o 4-meter telescope
o the telescope is 4 meters
o 8-meter-class telescope
o 4- to 8-meter-class telescopes
Names, Personal ftp sites: ftp://ftp.
Web Addresses: Use http://only if URL does not include a “www”
www.noao.edu
http://legacysurvey.org/dr1/description
Use https://
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/ decam-legacy-survey
Titles
Books: Italics
Journals: Italics
Lecture Series: No italics or quotation marks
Meetings: No italics or quotation marks for reoccurring meetings (The AAS Meeting); a single
meeting title is enclosed in quotation marks (“The Pluto Files”)
Newspapers: Italics
Photographs: Italics
Unpublished Works: Quotation marks
Webpages/sections: Quotation marks
Websites: No italics or quotation marks
Word Count
1 page, Calibri, 11 pt = (approx.)
With two 2.5 × 2.5 images and captions: 300 words, 2000 characters with spaces
Without image: 550 words; 3400 characters with spaces
Word Usage
Acronym/Initialism
Acronym = word formed by the initial letters of a longer name, with the acronym pronounced
differently than the full form; do not use “the” and “a/an” before these words
22
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
Examples: ESO; ALMA
Initialism = word formed by the initial letters of a longer name, with each letter pronounced
separately; use “the” and “a/an” as needed before these words
Examples: IAU; NSF; NOAO
Assure/Ensure/Insure
Assure = to promise or say with confidence
I assure you that my calculations are correct.
Ensure = to do what is necessary for success
I documented every observation to ensure I could explain my findings.
Insure = to cover with an insurance policy
I will insure my car as required by law.
Further/Farther
Farther = distance
Further = in greater detail
We discussed the matter further while walking farther down the road.
Which/That

If removing the words introduced by “which” or “that” changes the meaning of the sentence,
use “that.” Otherwise, use “which” and precede it with a comma.
Examples:
The Mosaic filters include the VR filter, which has an especially broad band-pass.
For the deepest surveys, you should use the Mosaic filter that has the broadest band-pass.
Abbreviations
2dFGRS
2MASS
4CES
AAAC
AAL
AAO
AAS
AASC
AAT
ACCORD
ACS
ACTR
AD
ADA
ADC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey
2-Micron All-Sky Survey
4-Meter Cryogenic Echelle Spectrograph
Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee
Astronomy Australia Limited
Australian Astronomical Observatory
American Astronomical Society
Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee; i.e., the Decadal Survey
Anglo-Australian Telescope
AURA Coordinating Council of Observatory Research Directors
Advanced Camera for Surveys
Advisory Committee on Technical Resources (CTIO)
Active Directory
Americans with Disabilities Act
Analog-to-digital converter
23
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
ADC
ADO
AE
AED
AER
AFGU
AFRL
AFWA
AGB
AGN
AGU
AIP
AISES
AITC
AJ
ALAN
ALFALFA
ALMA
ALO
ALPACA
ALTAIR
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Atmospheric dispersion compensator
Associate Director’s Office (NOAO)
architecture & engineering
Automatic External Defibrillator
Astronomy Education Review
Astronomy From the Ground Up
Air Force Research Laboratory
Air Force Weather Agency
Asymptotic Giant Branch
active galactic nucleus (or nuclei)
American Geophysical Union
American Institute of Physics
American Indian Science and Engineering Society
assembly, integration, test, and commissioning
Astronomical Journal
Artificial Light at Night (conference)
AMCL
AMNH
ANDICAM
ANTARES
AO
AO
AODP
AOP
AOS
AOSS
API
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey
Atacama Large Millimeter Array
Andes LIDAR Observatory
Advanced Liquid-mirror Probe for Astrophysics, Cosmology and Asteroids
Altitude conjugate adaptive optics for the infrared (Gemini AO system)
Access to Large Telescopes for Astronomical Instruction and Research
(NOAO committee)
AURA Management Committee for LSST
American Museum of Natural History
A Novel Double-Imaging Camera
Arizona-NOAO Temporal Analysis and Response to Events System
adaptive optics
Announcement of Opportunity
Adaptive Optics Development Program
Advanced Observing Program (Kitt Peak program)
active optics system (LSST)
AURA Observatory Support Services
application programming interface
ApJ
APOGEE
APP
APS
ARBSE
ARC
Arcon
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Astrophysical Journal
Apache Point Galactic Evolution Experiment
annual program plan (in 2016 changed to program operations plan [POP])
Alignment and Phasing System
Astronomy Research Based Science Education
Astronomy Research Consortium
Array Controller (CCD controller developed at CTIO)
ALTAIR
24
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
ARCoIRIS
ARO
ARRA
ASAS
ASCA
ASP
ASP
AST
ASTRO
ATC
ATI
ATM
ATST
ATT
AUI
AURA
AURA-CAS
AURA-O
AAO
AWIS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Astronomy Research using the Cornell Infra Red Imaging Spectrograph
Arizona Radio Observatory
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
All Sky Automated Survey
All-Sky Camera
Advanced Stokes Polarimeter
Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Astronomical Sciences (Division of NSF)
(Not an acronym)
Astronomical Technology Center (United Kingdom)
Advanced Technologies & Instrumentation
Atmospheric Sciences (Division of NSF)
Advanced Technology Solar Telescope
Advanced Technology Telescope
Associated Universities, Inc. (runs NRAO)
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
AURA Central Administrative Services
AURA Observatory in Chile
Australian Astronomical Observatory
Association for Women in Science
BAO
BASS
BAT
BBSO
BCG
BHB
bHROS
BigBOSS
BPT
BRAVA-RR
BSR
BTC
BTFI
BTO
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Baryon acoustic oscillations
Beijing Arizona Sky Survey
Burst Alert Telescope (one used in NASA’s Swift mission)
Big Bear Solar Observatory
brightest cluster galaxy
Blue horizontal branch (stars)
bench-mounted High Resolution Optical Spectrograph
Big Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (now named MS-DESI)
“Baldwin, Phillips & Terlevich”
Bulge Radial Velocity Assay project
Business Service Review
Big Throughput Camera
Brazilian Tunable Filter Imager
Beam transfer optics
CA
CAA
CAD
CADIAS
CANDELS
—
—
—
—
—
Cooperative Agreement
Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics
computer-aided design
Centro de Apoyo a la Didáctica de la Astronomía
Cosmic Assembly Near Infra-red Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey
25
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
CARA
CARA
CAS
CASNet
CATCH
CATTS
CBAT
CBET
CCD
CCEL
CCO
CD
CDM
CDR
CD-ROM
CEAZA
CELT
CEMP
CfA
CfAO
CFD
CFIP
CFO
CFOH
ChaMPlane
Chandra
CHARA
CHIRON
CIAA
CIS
CISS
CISSP
CIV
CL
CLEA
CMB
CMBR
CMD
CME
CMOS
CNC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica
California Association for Research in Astronomy
Central Administrative Services (AURA department)
Central Administrative Services Network (NOAO software application)
Community Access Telescope Clearing House
Collaboration to Advance Teaching Technology and Science
Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams
charge-coupled device
Cooper Center for Environmental Learning
Chief Compliance Officer (NOAO)
Community Development (NOAO)
cold dark matter
Critical Design Review
Compact Disk – Read Only Memory
El Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas
California Extremely Large Telescope
Carbon-enhanced metal poor
Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Center for Adaptive Optics (University of California at Santa Cruz)
computational fluid dynamics
CTIO Facilities Improvement Project
Central Facilities Operations (NOAO department)
Central Facilities Operations and Headquarters
Chandra Multi-wavelength Plane Survey
Chandra X-Ray Observatory (space telescope operated by NASA)
Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy
CTIO high-resolution spectrometer
Congreso Internacional de Aficionados a la Astronomía
Computer Infrastructure Services (NOAO North department)
Computer Infrastructure Services South (NOAO South department)
Certified Information Systems Security Professional
Corona inception voltage
command language
Contemporary Laboratory Exercises in Astronomy
Cosmic Microwave Background
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Color magnitude diagram
coronal mass ejection
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
Computer Numerical Control
26
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
CNO
COBE
CoDR
Co-I
COI
CSC
CONAMA
COPUS
CoSEC
COSMOS
COSMOS
CRAC
CSA
CSMA
CSDC
CSWA
CTE
CTIO
CWFS
CXO
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
carbon-nitrogen-oxygen
Cosmic Background Explorer
Conceptual Design Review
co-investigator
Conflict of Interest
Community Science Center (SCS)
Comisión Nacionál de Medio Ambiente
Coalition on the Public Understanding of Science
Collaborative Sun-Earth Connection
Cerro Tololo Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph
Cosmic Evolution Survey
computer Room Air Conditioner
cooperative support agreement
Committee on the Status of Minorities in Astronomy
Community Science and Data Center (NOAO)
Committee on the Status of Women in Astronomy
charge transfer efficience
Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
Calibration Wave-Front Sensor
Chandra X-ray Observatory
D&D
DASL
DCAA
DCI
DCR
DDP
DDR
DECaLS
DECam
DEEP
DEIMOS
DENIS
DES
DES Y1
DES Y2
DES
DESDM
DESI
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Design and Development
Data and Activities for Solar Learning
Defense Contract Audit Agency
Data Cache Initiative
Differential chromatic refraction
Design Development Phase
detailed design review
Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey
Dark Energy Camera
Deep Extragalactic Evolutionary Probe
Deep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph (Keck)
Deep Near Infrared Survey (of the Southern Sky)
Dark Energy Survey
Dark Energy Survey Year One data
Dark Energy Survey Year Two data
Deep Ecliptic Survey
Dark Energy Survey Data Management
Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Dirección General de Aeronautica Civil (Chilean civial aviation
administration)
DGAC
27
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
DHS
DIMM
DIQ
DKIST
DL
DLS
DLSP
DM
DMAC
DMO
DMU
DMZ
DoD
DOE
DPP
DQE
DR
DRL
DRM
DSD
DSDS
DST
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Data Handling System
differential image motion monitor
delivered image quality
Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope
Data Lab (NOAO)
Deep Lens Survey
Diffraction-Limited Spectro-Polarimeter
deformable mirror
Data Management and Analysis Center (GONG)
Data Management Operations
Digital Mock-Up
demilitarized zone
Department of Defense
Department of Energy
Data Products Program (NOAO department)
Detective Quantum Efficiency
Data release
Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings
Design Reference Mission
Dark Sky Discovery Program (NOAO)
Data Storage and Distribution System
Dunn Solar Telescope
E2E
e2v
EC
ECAD
EGSO
EIS
ELT
EMSS
EO
EPDS
EPO
EPOXI
ESA
ESD
ESF
ESO
ESSENCE
ET
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
End-to-End
e2v Technologies (vendor producing new detectors)
Executive Council (changed from Executive Committee)
Electronic computer-aided design
European Grid of Solar Observations
Environmental Impact Statement
extremely large telescope
Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey
Educational Outreach
Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrograph
Education and Public Outreach (NOAO department, formerly PAEO)
Extrasolar Planet Observation and Deep Impact Extended Investigation
European Space Agency
electrostatic discharge
Evans Solar Facility
European Southern Observatory
Equation of State: SupErNovae trace Cosmic Expansion
Exoplanet Tracker
28
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
ETC
ETS
EVLA
—
—
—
Explosive Transient Camera
Engineering and Technical Services (NOAO)
Expanded Very Large Array
F&A
FDDI
FDP
FEA
FEPS
FFRDC
FHiRE
FIDEL
FDR
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Facilities and Administrative
Fiber Distributed Data Interface
full-disk patrol
Finite Element Analysis
Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems
Federally Funded Research and Development Center
Fiber High Resolution Echelle
Far-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy (a survey)
Final Design Review
FIRS
FITS
FLAMINGOS
FLAMINGOS-2
FO
FORCAST
FOV
FPGA
FSR
FTE
FTS
FUSE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Facility Infrared Spectropolarimeter
Flexible Image Transport System
Florida Multi-Object Imaging Near-Infrared Grism Observational Spectrometer
(Second FLAMINGOS instrument for Gemini)
Facilities Operations (NOAO-S)
Faint Object Infrared Camera for the SOFIA Telescope
field of view
Field programmable gate array
Free spectral range
full-time equivalent
Fourier Transform Spectrometer
Filesystem in Userspace (software interface)
FWHM
FY
—
—
full width half-maximum
fiscal year
G&A
GALEX
GAMA
GB
Gbps
GDDS
GeMS
GEMS
GHOS
GHOU
GIS
GLAO
GLAST
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
General & Administrative
Galaxy Evolution Explorer
Galaxy And Mass Assembly
gigabytes
Gigabits per second
Gemini Deep Deep Survey
Gemini Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System (Gemini Mcao System)
Great Explorations in Math and Science
Gemini High-Resolution Optical Spectrograph
Global Hands-On Universe
Geographical Information System
Ground Layer Adaptive Optics
Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope
29
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
GLOBE
—
GMOS
GMT
GNIRS
GO
GO-FAAR
GOES
GOES
GOLF
GONG
GOODS
GPI
GPFS
GPRA
GRB
GSA
GSAOI
GSC
GSFC
GSM
GSMT
GSMTPO
GTC
GWFMOS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE at
Night program)
Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph
Giant Magellan Telescope
Gemini Near Infrared Spectrograph
Guest Observer program
Graduate Opportunities at Fisk in Astronomy and Astrophysics Research
Gemini Optical Echelle Spectrometer
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies
Global Oscillation Network Group
Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
Gemini Planet Imager
General Parallel File System
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
Gamma-ray Burst
General Services Administration (US government)
Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager
Gemini Science Committee
Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA)
Generalized Seeing Monitor
Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope
Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope Program Office (NOAO department)
Gran Telescopio Canarias
Gemini Wide Focus Multi-Object Spectrograph
HAO
HATNet
HBCU
HDF
HDI
HDRI
HEASARC
HET
HIPASS
HIRES
HMI
HOO
HQ
HR
HRMS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
High Altitude Observatory
Hungarian Automated Telescope Network
Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Hubble Deep Field
Half-Degree Imager
high dynamic range imaging
High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (NASA)
Hobby-Eberly Telescope
HI Parkes All Sky Survey
High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer
Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager
Hands-On Optics (NOAO)
headquarters
Human Resources
Human Resource Management System
30
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
HST
HVAC
HZSST
—
—
—
Hubble Space Telescope
Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning
High z Supernova Search Team
IAC
IAS
IAU
IAU
IBIS
IBIS
ICD
ICE
ICM
IDA
IDL
IfA
IFTS
IFU
IGM
IGO
IGP
IHF
IHY
IINSPIRE
IMACS
IMF
INAOE
INTEGRAL
IPAC
IR
IRAC
IRAF
IRAS
IRMOS
iRODS
IRS
IRTF
ISE
iSHELL
ISM
ISOON
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (Spain)
Instrument Adapter System (WIYN)
International Association of Universities
International Astronomical Union
Infrared Boötes Imaging Survey
Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer (Arcetri Observatory)
Interface Control Document
IRAF Control Environment
intracluster medium
International Dark-Skies Association
Interactive Data Language
Institute for Astronomy (University of Hawai`i)
imaging Fourier transform spectrograph
integral field unit
intergalactic medium
International Gemini Observatory (twin telescopes in Hawai`i and Chile)
International Gemini Project
Instrument Handling Facility
International Heliophysical Year
Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska STEM Partnership for Innovation in Research
Inamori-Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph
initial mass function
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica
International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
Infrared
Infrared Array Camera (Spitzer instrument)
Image Reduction and Analysis Facility
Infrared Astronomical Satellite
Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph
Integrated Rule-Oriented Data System
Infrared Spectrograph (Spitzer)
Infrared Telescope Facility (NASA)
Informal Science Education
(new instrument planned for NASA’s Infrared Telescope Facility)
interstellar medium
Improved Solar Observing Optical Network (called OSPAN as of 2006)
31
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
ISPI
ISS
iSTB
IT&C
ITAC
ITAR
ITC
IUE
IVOA
IYA
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Infrared Side Port Imager (NOAO)
Integrated Sunlight Spectrometer
Internet Save the Bits
Integration, Testing, & Commissioning
International Telescope Allocation Committee
International Traffic in Arms Regulations
Integration Time Calculator (Gemini instrument tool)
International Ultraviolet Explorer
International Virtual Observatory Alliance
International Year of Astronomy
JHA
—
Job Hazard Analysis
JHU
JINA
JPL
JSPS
JUF
JWST
—
—
—
—
—
—
The Johns Hopkins University
Joint Intitute for Nuclear Astrophysics
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
joint use fee
James Webb Space Telescope
KAOS
KASI
KBOs
KCWI
keV
KINGFISH
KMF
KMTNet
KOSMOS
KP
KPMO
KPNO
KPST
KPVC
KPVT
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Kilo-Aperture Optical Spectrograph
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
Kuiper Belt objects
Keck Cosmic Web Imager
kiloelectron Volt
Key Insights on Nearby Galaxies: a Far Infrared Survey with Herschel
K-band luminosity function
Korea Microlensing Telescope Network
Kitt Peak Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph
Kitt Peak
Kitt Peak Mountain Operations
Kitt Peak National Observatory
Kitt Peak SOLIS Tower
Kitt Peak Visitor Center
Kitt Peak Vacuum Telescope (retired October 2003)
LALA
LAMOST
LAPLACE
LS
LBG
LBNL
—
—
—
—
—
—
Large Area Lyman Alpha survey
Large Aperture Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope
Life and Planets Astrobiology Center (University of Arizona)
La Serena
Lyman break galaxy
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
32
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
LBT
LCDM
LCO
LCOGTN
LCRS
LCSC
LGS
LIRG
LLNL
LLT
LMC
LMCM
LMCT
LMT
LNA
LPL
LRP
LSES
LSP
LSST
LSSTC
LTE
LVTD
LWS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Large Binocular Telescope
Lambda-Cold Dark Matter (or Λ-CDM)
Las Campanas Observatory
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
Las Campanas Redshift Survey
LSST Community Science Center
laser guide star
luminous infrared galaxy
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
laser launch telescopes
Large Magellanic Cloud
Laser Mask Cutting Machine
Lockheed Martin Coherent Technologies
Large Millimeter Telescope
Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica (Brazil)
Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (University of Arizona)
Long Range Plan
Long Slit Echelle Spectrograph
Large Science Program
Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
LSST Corporation
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium
linear variable differential transformer
Living With a Star
M2
MACHO
MAP
MARS
MASS
Mbps
MCAO
MCC
MCELS
MCI
McMP
MDI
MEDB
MDM
MEIFU
MEMS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
secondary mirror
massive compact halo object
Microwave Anisotropy Probe
Multi-Aperture Red Spectrometer
multi-aperture scintillation sensor
Megabits per second
multi-conjugate adaptive optics
Maui Community College
Magellanic Clouds Emission Line Survey
Michelson Doppler Imager
McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope
Michelson Doppler Imager
Maui Economic Development Board
MDM Observatory (not an abbreviation)
million element integral field unit
Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems
33
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
MESA
MHD
MIHDAS
MIKE
MIP
MIRES
MK
MKIR
MMIRS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MOCASSIN
MODS1
MODS2
MOMFOS
MONSOON
—
—
—
—
—
MOS
Mosaic
—
—
MOSFIRE
MOU
MPS
MREFC
MRF
MRI
MRO
MRS
MS
MS-DESI
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MTDC
—
Math, Engineering, and Science Achievement
Magnetohydrodynamic
mid-IR high dispersion AO-fed spectrograph
Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle
Major Instrumentation Program (NOAO department, now called SI)
Mid-IR Echelle Spectrograph
Mauna Kea
Mauna Kea Infrared
MMT and Magellan Infrared Spectrograph
Multiple Mirror Telescope (This meaning is not used anymore; the name is the
initialism only.)
Monte Carlo Simulations of Ionized Nebulae
Multi-Object Double Spectrograph (copy 1 for LBT))
Multi-Object Double Spectrograph (copy 2 by Ohio State)
multi-object multi-fiber optical spectrograph
(Not an acronym.) A scalable, multi-channel high-speed array controller and
image acquisition system
multiple object spectroscopy
Not an acronym. It is the NOAO CCD wide-field imager having 8192 x 8192
pixels (also called CCD Mosaic Imager)
Multi-Object Spectrograph for Infrared Exploration
Memorandum of Understanding
Mathematical and Physical Sciences (NSF division)
Major Research Equipment and Facility Construction (NSF)
magneto-rheological finishing
Major Research Instrumentation (NSF)
Magdalena Ridge Observatory
Medium-Resolution Spectrograph
Main sequence (stars)
Mid-Scale Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (formerly known as
BigBOSS)
modified total direct costs
NAAAC
NAC
NAHB
NAI
NAOC
NAOJ
NAS
NASA
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
National Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee
NSO Array Camera (formerly NSO Aladdin Array Camera)
Native American, Hispanic, and Black Undergraduates
NASA Astrobiology Institute
National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
National Academy of Sciences
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MMT
34
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
NC
NCAR
NCE
NCEP
NCSA
NDO
NDSC
NDWFS
NEID
NEO
NEOWISE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
NESSI
—
NOAO Core
National Center for Atmospheric Research
no-cost extension
National Centers for Environmental Prediction
National Center for Supercomputing Applications
National Optical Astronomy Observatory’s Director’s Office
Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change
NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey
NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Investigations with Doppler Spectroscopy
Near-Earth Object
Asteroid-hunting component of NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
(WISE)
NASA Exoplanet Star (and) Speckle Imager
NESTA
NEWFIRM
NFIRAOS
NFPS
NGAO
NGC
NGCP
NGO
NGOS
NGP
NGS
NGSC
NGSL
NGST
NHPA
NHPPS
NICI
NICMOS
NIF
NIFS
NIO
NIRDIF
NIrES
NIRI
NIRSP
NIRSPEC
NISP
NITARP
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
National Earth Science Teachers Association
NOAO Extremely Wide-Field Infrared Mosaic imager
Narrow Field Infra-Red Adaptive Optics System (for TMT)
NOAO Fundamental Plane Survey
Next-Generation Adaptive Optics (Keck)
New General Catalog
National Girls Collaborative Project
National Gemini Office
Next Generation Optical Spectrograph (on Mayall 4-meter)
North Galactic Pole
natural guide star
NOAO Gemini Science Center
Next Generation Spectral Library
Next Generation Space Telescope
National Historic Preservation Act
NOAO High-Performance Pipeline System
Near-Infrared Coronagraphic Imager (NASA project for Gemini South)
Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer
National Ignition Facility
Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (Gemini)
New Initiatives Office (former name of GSMTPO)
near-infrared deployable integral field spectrograph
near infra-red echelle spectrograph
Near-Infrared Imager (on Gemini North)
Near-IR Spectro-Polarimeter
Near-Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (on Keck II)
NSO Integrated Synoptic Program (combination of GONG & SOLIS)
NASA/IPAC Teacher Archive Research Program
35
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
NJIT
NLFF
NLTE
NMBS
NN
NN-ETS
NN-EXPLORE
NOAA
NOAO
NOAO-N
NOAO-S
NOP
NPOI
NRAO
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Non-Linear Force-Free
Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium
NEWFIRM Medium Band Survey
NOAO North
NOAO North Engineering and Technical Services
NASA-NSF Exoplanet Observational Research program
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
National Optical Astronomy Observatory-North
National Optical Astronomy Observatory-South
Nightly Observing Program (NOAO)
Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
NRC
NRL
NS
NSA
NSF
NSF/AST
NSF/ATM
NSO
NSO/SP
NSO/T
NSTA
NVO
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
National Research Council
Naval Research Laboratory (United States)
NOAO South
NOAO Science Archive
National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences
National Science Foundation, Division of Atmospheric Sciences
National Solar Observatory
National Solar Observatory Sacramento Peak
National Solar Observatory Tucson
National Science Teachers Association
National Virtual Observatory
O/IR
OA
OAD
OC
OCD
OCIW
OCS
ODI
OGCE
OIWFS
OMB
OPCC
OPD
OpSim
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
optical/infrared
Observing Assistant
Observatory Architecture Document
Observatory Council (OC)
Operations Concept Document
Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington
Observation Control System
One Degree Imager
Open Grid Computing Environment
on-instrument wavefront sensor
Office of Management and Budget
Oficina de Protección de la Calidad del Cielo
optical path difference
Operations Simulator (LSST)
36
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
OPTIC
ORD
OSA
OSCIR
OSIRIS
OSIRIS
—
—
—
—
—
—
OSIRIS
—
OSMOS
OSPAN
OSTP
OT
OTA
OTOP
OWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Orthogonal Parallel Transfer Imaging Camera
Observatory Requirements Document
Optical Society of America
mid IR camera and spectrometer system built at University of Florida
Ohio State Infra-Red Imager and Spectrometer
OH-Suppressing Infra-Red Imaging Spectrograph (built by UCLA for Keck
with TSIP funds)
Optical System for Imaging and Low-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy
(instrument on Gran Telescopio CANARIAS, Canary Islands)
Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph
Optical Solar Patrol Network (formerly ISOON)
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Observing Tool (Gemini)
Orthogonal Transfer Array
Overnight Telescope Observing Program (NOAO)
overwhelmingly large telescope
P&T
PA
PAARE
PAEO
PAH
Pan-STARRS
PASRD
PCA
PDO
PDR
PEP
PHA
PI
PIA
PICASSO
PIO
PipeQA
PIT
PMAC
PMS
PN
PNe
pODI
POP
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
promotion and tenure
position angle
Partnerships in Astronomy & Astrophysics Research and Education
Public Affairs and Educational Outreach (NOAO department, now EPO)
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System
Pipeline Software and Archive Science Requirements Document
Principal Component Analysis
NOAO Planning and Development Office
Preliminary Design Review
Program Execution Plan
Potentially hazardous asteroid (orbits come within 50,000 km of the Earth
principal investigator (no periods)
Prácticas de Investigación en Astronomía
Portable Ionospheric Camera and Small-Scale Observatory
Public Information and Outreach
Pipeline Quality Assessment (software package)
Phase I Tool (Gemini)
Permanent Magnet alternating current (motor control type)
pre-main sequence
planetary nebula
planetary nebulae
partially populated (focal plane) ODI
program operations plan
37
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
POPPR
PPA
PPE
PREST
PRIMO
PRIMUS
PROMPT
ProtoDESI
PRP
PRVS
PSD
PSF
PSI
PSPT
PTI
PWV
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
program operations plan progress report
Pipeline, Portal, and Archive (an ODI project)
personal protective equipment
Program for Research and Education with Small Telescopes
Prime Focus Infrared Mosaic wide-field camera
Prism Multi-object Survey
Panchromatic Robotic Optical Monitoring and Polarimetry Telescopes
Prototype instrument for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
program review panel
Precision radial velocity spectrometer
power spectral density
point spread function
Planetary Science Institute
Precision Solar Photometric Telescope
Pervasive Technology Institute (Indiana University)
precipitable water vapor
QE
QLT
QRP
QSO
QUIRC
QUOTA
—
Quantum efficiency
Quality Lighting Teaching (kit program at NOAO)
Quick-reduce pipeline
quasi-stellar object
Quick IR Camera (Gemini North)
Quad Orthogonal Transfer Array camera
RA/Dec
RADIUS
RASICAM
RASL
RBSE
RCR
RCS2
RCT
RedLaSer
Region IV
RESOLVE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Right Ascension/Declination
Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
Radiometric All Sky Infrared Camera
Research in Active Solar Longitudes
Research Based Science Education
Responsible Conduct in Research
Red Sequence Cluster Survey 2
Robotically Controlled Telescope
Red de Estudiantes de La Serena
IV Región de Coquimbo
ReSTAR
RET
REU
REUNA
RFI
RGB
—
—
—
—
—
—
Renewing Small Telescopes for Astronomical Research
Research Experiences for Teachers
Research Experiences for Undergraduates
Red Universita Nacional (National University Network; Chile)
Request for Information
Red Giant Branch
—
—
—
—
REsolved Spectroscopy Of a Local VolumE
38
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
RISE/PSPT
RMS
ROB
RoHS
ROI
ROSA
ROTSE
RSS
RTI
RV
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Radiative Inputs from Sun to Earth/Precision Solar Photometric Telescope
root mean square
round office building (use “administration building”) on Cerro Tololo
Restriction of Hazardous Substances
region of interest
Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere
Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment
root sum squares
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
radial velocity
SAC
SACNAS
SALT
SAM
SAMI
SAMP
SAO
SARA
SARM
SBC
SBIG
SCB
SCIDAR
SCOPE
SDAC
SDO
SDO
SDQA
SDSS
SED
SEGUE
SFC
SFM
SFR
SI
SIAP
SIFS
SIG
SIMON
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Science Advisory Committee
Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science
Southern African Large Telescope
SOAR Adaptive-optics Module
SOAR Adaptive Module Imager
Simple Application Messaging Protocol
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy
Romanian Society for Meteors and Astronomy
Solar Blind Channel
Santa Barbara Instrument Group
Sequential Chromospheric Brightening
Scintillation Detection and Ranging
Southwestern Consortium of Observatories for Public Education
Solar Data Analysis Center
NOAO System Development Office (former department)
Solar Dynamics Observatory
Science Data Quality Analysis (LSST)
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
spectral energy distribution
Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration
Space Flight Center (NASA)
sum-frequency mixing
star formation rate
System Instrumentation (NOAO department, formerly MIP)
Single Image Access Protocol (VAO)
SOAR Integral Field Unit Spectrograph
Special Interest Group
Spectromètre Infrarouge de Montréal (IR spectrometer for SMARTS 1.5-m
telescope)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
39
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
SINGG
SIRFT
SISPI
SKA
SLAC
SMARTS
SMASH
SMG
SMT
SMT
SN
SNe
SNIa
SOAR
SOAR TCS
SOC
SODAR
SOFIA
SOHO
SOI
SOI
SOI
SOLIS
SOML
SONG
SOT
SPCA
SPD
SPIE
SPIFFI
SPINOR
SPO
SPO
SPRF
SQIID
SQL
SR
SRA
SRB
SRD
SRS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Survey for Ionization in Neutral Gas Galaxies
Space Infrared Telescope Facility
Survey Image System Process Integration (for DECam)
Square Kilometer Array
No longer an acronym
Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System
Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History
submillimeter galaxy
Submillimeter Telescope
surface mount technologies
supernova
supernovae
supernovae Type Ia
Southern Astrophysical Research (a 4.1-m telescope)
SOAR Telescope Control System (TCS)
Solar Observatory Council (AURA)
Sonic Detection and Ranging
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
SOAR Optical Imager
Silicon-On-Insulator
Solar Oscillations Investigations (SOHO)
Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun
Steward Observatory Mirror Lab
Stellar Oscillation Network Group
Solar Optical Telescope
spectral principal component analysis
Solar Physics Division (AAS)
SPIE, the international society for optical engineering
spectrometer for infrared fiber-fed field imaging
Spectro-Polarimeter for Infrared and Optical Regions
Special Projects Office (NOAO department)
Scientific Program Order (NSF)
Science Program Research Funds
Simultaneous Quad Infrared Imaging Device
Structured Query Language
Senior Review
Summer Research Assistant
Storage Resource Broker
Science Requirements Document
Science Research Support
40
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
SSC
SSC
SSC
SST
SSTAR
SSWG
STAC
STB
STEAM
STELES
STEM
STEP
STEREO
STFC
STIS
STScI
SuperMACHO
SV
SWG
SWIRE
SXT
SZ
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Science Steering Committee (WIYN)
Spitzer Science Center
super star clusters
Swedish Solar Telescope
Simulated Survey Tools for Analysis and Reporting
Site Survey Working Group (ATST)
Science and Technology Advisory Committee (Gemini)
Save The Bits
STEM Talent Expansion via Applied Mathematics
SOAR Telescope Echelle Spectrograph
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
Summer Teacher Enrichment Program
Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Science and Technology Facilities Council
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (on HST)
Space Telescope Science Institute
five-year microlensing survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud
system verification
Science Working Group
Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared Extragalactic Survey
soft X-ray telescope
Sunyaev-Zel’dovich
TAC
TADA
TASCA
TB
TBSR
TCS
TDS
TelOps
TIM
TIO
TLRBSE
TMT
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Telescope Allocation Committee
Telescope Automatic Data Archiving
Tololo All Sky Camera
Terabytes
Total Business Service Review
Telescope Control System (SOAR)
Time Domain Services (NOAO)
Telescope Operations (NOAO)
Mexican Infrared-Optical Telescope
Thirty Meter Telescope International Observatory
Teacher Leaders in Research-Based Science Education
Thirty Meter Telescope
Tohono O’odham Community College
TOCC
TON
TORRENT
TOUA
TP
TPF
—
—
—
—
—
Tohono O’odham Nation
(Not an acronym.) Next generation of MONSOON controller
Tohono O’odham Utility Authority
thermally pulsing
Terrestrial Planet Finder
41
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
TRACE
T-ReCS
TRGB
TS4
TSIP
—
—
—
—
—
Transition Region and Coronal Explorer
Thermal-Region Camera Spectrograph
tip of the red giant branch
TripleSpec4 (now called the ARCoIRIS)
Telescope System Instrumentation Program
UA
UBF
UCLES
UH
UITS
UITS
UK
UK/ATC
UKIRT
ULIRG
UNAM
UNESCO
UNL
UPS
URAT
URM
URO
US
USAF
USL
US NGO
USNO
UV
UVOT
UW
University of Arizona
Universal Birefringent Filter
University College London Echelle Spectrograph
University of Hawai`i
University Information Technology Services (Indiana University)
University IT Services (U. of Arizona)
United Kingdom
United Kingdom Astronomical Technology Center
United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope
ultra-luminous infrared galaxy
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Unified Modeling Language
uninterruptible power supply
USNO Robotic Astrometric Telescope
underrepresented minority
University Radio Observatories
United States of America
United States Air Force
US Land – Public Sector Solution Software
US National Gemini Office
United States Naval Observatory
ultraviolet
UltraViolet/Optical Telescope (one used in NASA’s Swift mission)
University of Washington
VAO
VC
VCCS
VERITAS
VIMOS
VIRUS-P
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
VISTA
VLAN
—
—
Virtual Astronomical Observatory
Visitor Center (NOAO)
Virtual Camera Control System (Dunn Solar Telescope)
Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System
Visible Multiobject Spectrogram
Visible Integral-field Replicable Unit Spectrograph - Prototype (at McDonald
Observatory)
Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy
virtual local area network
42
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
VLBA
VLT
VO
VPH
VPN
VRI
VSM
VSO
VTF
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Very Long Baseline Array (NRAO)
very large telescope
Virtual Observatory
Volume-Phase Holographic (grating technology developed in part by NOAO)
Virtual private network
V-, R, and I- bands
Vector Spectromagnetograph
Virtual Solar Observatory
Visible Tunable Filter
WBS
WCS
WDC
WEBUD
WFC3
WFIRST
WFMOS
WFPC2
WFS
WFS
WHAM
WHIRC
WISE
WIYN
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
WMAP
WOCS
WR
WTS
WTTM
WWT
WWW
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Work Breakdown Structure
world coordinate solution
Workforce and Diversity Committee (AURA)
Web-based Budget (NOAO software application)
Wide Field Camera 3 (HST instrument)
Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope
Wide Field Fiber Multi-Object Spectrograph
Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (HST instrument)
Wide-Field Survey (in science-oriented material)
wavefront sensor
Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper
WIYN High-Resolution Infrared Camera
Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
Consortium consisting of the University of Wisconsin, Indiana University,
NOAO, and the University of Missouri (previously Yale University was a
member)
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
WIYN Open Cluster Study
Wolf-Rayet (stars)
Web Time Sheets
WIYN Tip-Tilt Module
WorldWide Telescope
World Wide Web
XSEDE
XSL
XRT
—
—
—
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment
X-Shooter Spectral Library
X-Ray Telescope (used in NASA’s Swift mission)
YGO
YSO
—
—
Youth Group Program (NOAO)
young stellar object
43
NOAO Style Guide & Abbreviations Listing
ZIMPOL
ZTF
—
—
Zürich Imaging Polarimeter
Zwicky Transient Facility
44

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