Army Code 71849
ARMY CADET
ADVENTUROUS TRAINING
AND
OTHER CHALLENGE
PURSUITS
MANUAL
Re-issued incorporating Amendment 1
All versions not containing Amendment 1
should now be destroyed
The information given in this document is not to
be communicated either directly or indirectly to
the Press or any person not authorised to
receive it.
July 2010 Edition
COPYRIGHT
This work is Crown copyright and the intellectual property rights for this
publication belong exclusively to the Ministry of Defence (MOD). No
material or information contained in this publication should be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
outside MOD establishments or the Army Cadet Force, except as
authorized by both the sponsor and the MOD where appropriate.
SECURITY
This document is issued for the information of such persons who need
to know its contents in the course of their official duties. Any person
finding this document should hand it into a British Forces unit or to a
British police station for its safe return to the MINISTRY OF DEFENCE,
D Def Sy, LONDON SW1A 2HB, with particulars of how and where
found.
AUTHORITY
This publication is issued under the overall direction of the CGS. It is
an MOD Approved Code of Practice (ACOP). Where issues of health
and safety are concerned it takes into account the provisions of the
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974.
STATUS
The contents provide clear military information concerning the most up
to date experience and best practice available for cadets to use in their
training. If you are prosecuted for a breach of Health and Safety law,
and it is proved that you have not followed the relevant provisions of
the ACOP, a court may find you criminally liable unless you can show
that you have complied with the requirements of Health and Safety
legislation since it is a breach of the legislation which renders a person
criminally liable. Breaches or omissions of the ACOP could result in
disciplinary action against personnel of the Regular and Reserve
Armies under the provisions of the Armed Forces Act 2006.
ALTERATIONS AND AMENDMENTS
This publication is sponsored by HQ Land Forces Directorate of
Training (Army). Alterations and amendments to this publication can
only be made by the Cadet Adventurous Training Adviser in
consultation with DTrg and ATG(A). This publication supersedes any
earlier versions, which must be destroyed.
Amdt 1
AMENDMENTS
Amendment
Number
Date of
Issue
By whom
amended
Date of
insertion
1
25/06/2010
D Trg
25/06/2010
New or revised material is indicated either by an
or a marginal rule.
DISTRIBUTION
CCF
-
Each CCF unit
2 copies
ACF
-
Each ACF County HQ
2 copies
-
Each Area HQ
1 copy
SO2 Cadets (Activities) HQ LF
2 copies
SO2 AT DTrg
1 copy
HQ ATG(A) SO2 Gp Trg Offr
1 copy
Div HQ (for G7 SO2 AT)
1 copy
Bde HQ (for SO3 G7 Cdts & TSAs)
Each Cadet Training Team
2 copies
1 copy
Cadet Training Centre, Frimley Park
10 copies
Cadet Forces AT Adviser (for CCAT)
10 copies
1.
This publication is available in the Army Electronic
Library, the ACFA website and WESTMINSTER; as a result the
distribution has been kept to a minimum to save costs.
2.
Units requesting an increase or decrease to their holding
should apply to the Sponsor, the SO2 Publications at the Cadet
Training Centre, Frimley Park, who will arrange for a revised
distribution. Any request to exceed the distribution shown above
must be supported by a written justification, which will be referred
for approval to the sponsor, who controls the storage and
distribution of this publication.
Amdt 1
FOREWORD
I am pleased to have been asked to write the foreword to this Army Cadet AT and Other Challenge
Pursuits Manual and am happy that adventurous training is thriving within the Army Cadet Organisation within the wide range of activities offered something should appeal to every cadet. A recent survey of army
cadets showed that adventurous training featured very strongly as one of the most attractive and enjoyable
activities on offer. A very large percentage of cadets said that they would like even more of it!
As an adult, I have made my living from various travels across the world. What I have learned about
myself has helped me come to terms with adversity in life and to overcome some of the many pitfalls
encountered along the way. I have also come to value long and enduring friendships that have been forged
and tested in the wild and far flung regions of the world. The mould was cast when I was a youngster. I was
lucky living in the country and relished being in the outdoors having adventures of my own - it was where I
developed many of the attitudes that helped steer me in adult life.
The demands of the outdoors still make a good teacher today. Clothing and equipment has
improved and the ability to travel easily to exotic locations permits adventures to be had far from these
shores. But you have to start somewhere and many adventurous activities can be undertaken in Britain. Its
mountains, moors, caves, coastline and rivers still provide the places where life changing experiences can
be had. It is no accident that some of the world’s foremost adventurers have come from these shores.
Society values the qualities laid out in the Combined Cadet Force aim and Army Cadet Force
Charter - namely responsibility, self-reliance, resourcefulness, endurance and perseverance along with
initiative, leadership and service to the community. Adventurous activities are an ideal way of developing
these qualities and at the same time fostering self-confidence and self-discipline.
Adventurous activity is always associated with risk taking. Today’s risk-averse society is not the
natural way of things. Risks of one sort or another are always present in our lives. Well-managed
adventurous training will introduce risk in a controlled way allowing those who take part to learn to accept
and control it. The youngsters will learn that risk can be tolerated and that it can be managed to an
acceptable level without lessening the challenge or enjoyment of activity.
The Army Cadet AT and OCP Manual provides, in one publication, the policy and planning
procedures that must be followed when organising adventurous training within the Army Cadet organisation.
It also identifies a clear progression to the training so that the lower level Other Challenging Pursuits for all
cadets meshes with the Joint Service Adventurous Training Scheme (for adults and cadets over 16) and the
civilian National Governing Body award schemes. These start with learning basic skills through to the levels
where it is possible to become a leader, instructor or coach holding National Governing Body or Joint
Service leadership award – gaining qualifications that can be built on well into adult life.
Finally, I commend this Manual to you – it is only your unsung dedication as adult volunteer leaders, who
give up your own time to provide AT activities and courses, that makes them possible and this Manual is
designed to help you in your task. For those who use it to plan and deliver adventurous activities, the value
of what you organise and run for the cadet forces may never really be known but it will serve your cadets
well for the rest of their lives.
Enjoy the challenge that ‘adventure’ brings but above all:
Have fun, stay cool.
Sir Ranulph Fiennes Bt OBE
Explorer and Patron Outreach
i
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ii
PREFACE
1.
The original Adventurous Training Handbook proved to be an invaluable outdoor
adventurous activity planning tool. In recent years Adventurous Training (AT) and Other
Challenge Pursuits (OCP) has assumed a more significant place in the range of activities offered
by the Army Cadet Organisation, by this is meant the Army Cadet Force (ACF) and the Army
Sections of the CCF. The purpose of this AT and OCP Manual is to provide in one publication the
Policy as well as the essential regulations and guidance required in the planning, organisation and
delivery of quality cadet outdoor adventurous activity in order to:
a.
To make the policy for Army Cadet Adventurous Training and Other Challenge
Pursuits widely available, particularly for those unable to access the internet.
b.
To offer practical advice on how to implement the Policy and plan Cadet AT and
OCP at Unit level. It also supports the information provided on the Cadet AT website:
www.armycadetadventure.info
2.
An external view of the Army Cadets is that we have a somewhat narrow military agenda.
AT and OCP coupled with music, sport, Duke of Edinburgh’s Award and Outreach, shows that the
Cadets organisation has a wide ranging, balanced youth development programme, as good as any
in the Youth Services. The outdoor adventurous activity experience can:
a.
Enhance self-reliance, leadership, teamwork, planning and self confidence.
b.
Lead to qualifications in leadership and coaching, enhancing job prospects.
c.
Lead to accreditation as part of the First and Second Diplomas in the Public Service
Cadet Vocational Qualification.
d.
Provide a good foundation for further gaining further qualification/training as an
adult in whatever career is chosen when joining the Armed Forces.
Lt Col R J Ayres
Cadet AT Adviser
Personnel and Support Command - Cadets
HQ Land Forces
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iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
Forward
i-ii
Preface
iii-iv
Table of Contents
v-viii
Paragraph
Introduction
0001-0002
SECTION 1: POLICY FOR ARMY CADET ADVENTUROUS TRAINING (AT)
Part 1 - General
Introduction
1001-1003
Responsibility
1004
Classification of Outdoor Adventurous Activities (OAA)
1005 - 1015
Aim
1016-1019
Ethos
Duty of Care and Risk
1020-1021
1022-1023
Risk Assessments
1024
Equipment
1025
Hazards of Water
OCP Swimming Policy
1026
1027
Stages of Cadet OAA Training Progression
1028-1029
Types of Cadet OAA Activities
1030
Leaders and Instructors
1031
Instructor/Leader/Coach Qualifications
1032-1036
Ratification of Technical Competence
1037-1039
OAA for those with Disabilities
Supporting Documents
1040-1043
1044-1048
Use of Commercial Organisations/Civilian Guides or Instructors
1049-1056
Work to Rest Ratio
1057
Discipline
1058
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v
Part 2 - Administrative Matters
JSATFA and Expedition Code Names
1050-1052
Insurance
1053-1055
Annexes:
Annex A Policy on Swimming Ability to Participate in AT and OCP Activities
Annex B AT Qualifications and Instructor/Student ratios
SECTION 2: ADVICE ON GAINING AND MAINTAINING LEADER/INSTRUCTOR/COACH
QUALIFICATIONS
Qualification Courses
2001
Civilian Recognition of Military Awards
2002
Registering as a Distributed Trainer with JSMTC
2003
Log Books
2004
Maintaining Qualification Validity - Continuing Personal/Professional Development
2005-2006
The Army Cadet Organisation AT Website
2007-2008
Annex A
Annex B
Civilian Recognition of Military Mountaineering Awards
Civilian Recognition of Military Canoeing/Kayaking Awards
Annex C
Leaders/Instructors/Coaches – Maintaining Qualification Validity
Appendix 1 Potential CPD Activities for Leaders/Instructors/Coaches
Appendix 2 Meeting the Validation Target – Case Studies
SECTION 3: AT AND OCP ACTIVITIES IN DETAIL
AT Activities
3001
OCP
3002
Annex A
Annex B
Annex C
Rock Climbing and Abseiling
Appendix 1
Rock Climbing/Abseiling Risk Assessment
Appendix 2
Climbing Walls/Towers Risk Assessment
Appendix 3
Mobile Climbing Tower using Auto Belay Devices Risk Assessment
Mountaineering, Mountain Walking and Expeditions
Appendix 1
Summer Hillwalking Risk Assessment
Appendix 2
UK Winter Hill/Mountain Risk Assessment
Appendix 3
Expeditions on Foot Risk Assessment
Kayaking and Canoeing (Paddlesports)
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Annex D
Caving and Mine Exploration
Appendix 1
Annex E
Caving Risk Assessment
Skiing
Appendix 1
Annex F
Open Canoeing Risk Assessment
Kayaking Risk Assessment
Skiing Risk Assessment
Minority Authorised AT activities within the ACF and CCF (Army Sections)
vi
Annexes G-K Spare
Annex L
OCP
Annex M
Mountain Biking, Off-road Cycling and Leisure Cycling
Appendix 1
Off-road Cycling/Mountain Biking Risk Assessment
Annex N Snowboarding
Appendix 1
Snowboarding Risk Assessment
SECTION 4: PLANNING AT
Introduction
4001
Conduct of Cadet Adventurous Training
4002-4003
Checklist for AT Exercise Planning
Expeditions Overseas
4004
4005
Annex A
Suggested Policy for the Employment of Freelance Instructors
Appendix 1 Example Letter Offering Short-Term Employment
Appendix 2 Form of Agreement for the Engagement of a Fee-Paid Civilian
Appendix 3 Fee Paid Civilian Next of Kin Form
Annex B
Post Exercise Report (PXR)
Annex C
Annex D
Heat Injury Prevention Plan
Hydration Plan
Annex E
Health and Hygiene Plan
SECTION 5: COUNTY/CONTINGENT ADVENTUROUS TRAINING STAFF
County/Contingent Adventurous Training Officer (CATO)
5001-5003
Assistant Contingent/County Adventurous Training Officer
5004
County Adventurous Training Team
5005
SECTION 6: THE CADET CENTRE FOR ADVENTUROUS TRAINING (CCAT)
General
6001-6003
Courses Available
6004-6005
CCAT Course Bookings
6006-6007
SECTION 7: HEALTH AND SAFETY
Part 1 - Introduction
General
7001
Duty of Care
7002
Safe System of Training and Risk Assessments
Use of Camping Stoves
7003-7004
7005
Part 2 – Accidents, Incidents and Near Misses
Accident Procedure
Managing Accidents, Incidents and Near Misses
7006
7007
vii
Immediate Action
7008-7009
Secondary Actions for the Senior Instructor
7010
Actions following an Incident for the OC Exercise/Exercise Leader in
conjunction with the County HQ/CEO or Contingent Commander
Documentation to assist in dealing with accidents, incidents and near misses
7011
Accident and Incident Recording
7013-7016
Duty of Care When Casualty Requires Clinic/Hospital Treatment
7017-7018
Unit Accident/Incident Report
7019
Investigation
7020-7023
Lessons Identified (LI) Database
7024-7025
Quality Assurance
7026
Annex A
7012
Daily Safety Checklist
Appendix 1 Daily Safety Checklist Risk Assessment Code Descriptors
Annex B
Policy for the use of Methylated Spirit (Trangia) Camping Stoves
Annex C
Annex D
Policy for the use of Pressurised Liquid Fuel Camping Stoves
Accident Procedure Flow Chart for Instructors
Annex E
Accident Procedure Flow Chart for the Exercise Director, CATO, CEO or
Contingent Commander
Accident/Incident Report Checklist
Annex F
SECTION 8: USEFUL CONTACTS
8001
Glossary – see pages G1-2
viii
INTRODUCTION
0001. This Manual consists of eight sections:
a.
Section 1 contains the Policy for Army Cadet AT and OCP. It contains the
regulations for the delivery of Outdoor Adventurous Activities (OAA) in the Army Cadet
Organisation (the ACF and CCF (Army Sections)) and is mandatory. It is a MOD Approved
Code of Practice (ACOP) under existing Health and Safety at Work legislation. The rules
are based on JSP 419 Joint Services Adventurous Training (JSAT) Scheme and the Army
General Administrative Instructions (AGAIs) Volume 1, Chapter 11 and JSP 535, Cadet
Training Safety Precautions and the HQ LF Safety Manual for the ACF and CCF (Army)
dated Feb 2010. All those responsible for organising and supervising AT for cadets are to
adhere to these rules.
b.
Section 2 - gives advice on gaining and maintaining Leader/Instructor/Coach
qualifications.
c.
Section 3 - covers AT and Other Challenge Pursuit (OCP) activities in detail.
d.
Section 4 - is a guide to the stages of planning AT and OCP and topics that need
to be considered.
e.
Section 5 - outlines the roles and responsibilities of AT staff within a Contingent or
County.
f.
Section 6 - describes the organisation of the Cadet Centre for AT (CCAT) and
outlines the courses delivered.
g.
Section 7 - advises on the many issues surrounding Health and Safety in relation
to Army Cadet AT and OCP.
h.
Section 8 - contains a list of website address and links useful when planning AT
and OCP.
0002. There is a Glossary at the end of this Manual.
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SECTION 1 – POLICY FOR ARMY CADET ADVENTUROUS TRAINING AND OTHER
CHALLENGE PURSUITS
PART 1 – GENERAL
Authorities:
A.
AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11 – Adventurous Training
B.
JSP 419 – Joint Service Adventurous Training Scheme
Introduction
1001. This Policy only applies to the ACF and CCF(Army Sections), referred to collectively as the
“Army Cadet Organisation”. It is a directive for all those who are responsible for the delivery of
Adventurous Training (AT) and Other Challenge Pursuits (OCP) in the Army Cadet Organisation.
References to the Army Cadet Organisation refer to both the ACF and CCF Army Sections.
1002. This section, Section 1 of the Army Cadet AT Manual, contains the regulations for all types
and levels of AT and OCP for cadets and Cadet Force Adult Volunteers (CFAV) where they differ
from those for adult servicemen and women.
1003. AT is a valuable addition to the Cadet Training Syllabus. AT and OCP activities that are
delivered in an imaginative, well structured and safe manner have significant benefits, which may
not be immediately apparent, in the personal development and growth of cadets. AT is also an
effective mechanism for retaining older cadets and encouraging the recruitment of Cadet Force
Adult Volunteers (CFAVs).
Responsibility
1004. Ultimate responsibility for the safety of all AT and OCP activities lies with the ACF Cadet
Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander and as such they must authorise these activities
before they can take place. ACF Cadet Commandants/CCF Contingent Commanders are
effectively the Commanding Officers (CO) of the ACF and CCF Army Sections and authorise
members of their Counties/Contingents to manage AT and OCP effectively on their behalf. These
CFAV may have a range of titles including:
a.
Officer Commanding (OC) Activity or Activity Leader for a single activity based
event.
b.
OC Exercise or Exercise Leader for an exercise involving a combination of
activities.
c.
OC Expedition or Expedition Leader.
d.
Other CFAV responsible for the clearance of training and the administration of
training (such as Cadet Executive Officers (CEOs), County Training Officers (CTOs),
School Staff Instructors (SSIs) or specialist AT officers such as the County/Contingent AT
Officer (CATO).
e.
The OC of the Cadet Centre for Adventure Training (CCAT), an independent unit, is
regarded as a CO in his own right.
Classifications of Outdoor Adventurous Activities (OAA)
1005. OAA in the Army Cadet Organisation is defined as that involving a controlled exposure to
risk, challenge and requires specialist skills for its safe management. This can be achieved
through a wide range of organised activities outlined in the following categories.
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1006. The term AT is used in the Armed Services to define only those activities which are part of
the Joint Services AT (JSAT) Scheme and listed in Joint Services Publication (JSP) 419 – The
JSAT Scheme. It is acknowledged that a significant proportion of the OAA undertaken by most
cadets will fall outside of this scheme and much of it will not follow an expeditionary theme.
Therefore, Cadet Commandants/CCF Contingent Commanders are to identify which of the
following training categories best suit their needs and implement the training accordingly.
1007. Adventurous Training (AT).
a.
Those activities listed as AT in JSP 419, see Para 1030. Only these activities may
be eligible to receive public funding. The full JSAT Scheme activity regulations in JSP
419 will apply. Cadets should be encouraged to undertake full JSAT activities and do so
by attending Cadet Centre for AT (CCAT) or through JSAT Distributed Training
b.
AT Applications are to be submitted via the RATO to the Commandant/Contingent
Commander and then to Divisional HQ SO2 AT Desk Officers (see Para 1059).
1008. Other Challenge Pursuits (OCP).
a.
Activities listed in JSP 419 that are being undertaken by cadets at only an
introductory or foundation level of progression (see para 10..
b.
Activities which are not included in the JSP 419 but fall within the definition of
adventurous activity for cadets. These activities must be funded from non-public sources.
Cadets often conduct non-AT activities, of varying natures and degrees of difficulty, under
the heading of OCP. Examples might include water skiing, pony-trekking and off-road
cycling.
c.
The conduct of OCP training is the responsibility of the activity leader and their ACF
Cadet Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander and must be conducted under NGB
guidelines where they exist; they must take the necessary action to ensure that all
activities are properly organised and conducted with due care and safety. In particular,
the use of properly qualified instructors/leaders operating under the appropriate NGB
guidelines is essential. Where these do not exist, for UK based activities the activity
guidance published by the Adventure Activities Licensing Service (AALS) and, for
activities based outside of the UK, the British Standard BS8848 “Specification for the
provision of visits, fieldwork, expeditions and adventurous activities outside of the United
Kingdom” must be followed. The completion of a JSATFA for purely OCP expeditions is
not required.
d.
For all OCP the following conditions must be met:
(1)
Instructors/leaders are fully qualified, current and adhere to student to
instructor ratios listed in JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions or by the
relevant NGB and in accordance with any dispensation authorised by HQ Land
Forces (HQ LF)(Cadets Branch).
(2)
The training does not take place in conditions beyond the ability of the cadet
participants.
(3)
An adult from the cadet unit is present throughout. If a civilian instructor is
used the adult counts as part of the student numbers.
(4)
All routine land clearance procedures are followed.
(5)
All equipment, in particular Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), must be
appropriate for the activity and checked for serviceability before use (see Para
1023). PPE maintenance registers must be maintained by a qualified person.
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(6)
Comply with the Health and Safety (Young Person) Regulations 1997 (JSP
375 refers).
(7)
Comply with the current Cadet Regulations for Cadet AT and OCP.
(8)
A Safe System of Training must be in place that includes an Emergency
Action Plan (EAP) including risk assessments.
(9)
The activities must be covered by insurance (see Part 2.
1009. Training involving a combination of AT and OCP. It is common for cadet OAA training
packages to comprise a combination of AT and OCP. Where this occurs funding is only eligible for
the AT portion, pending that the OAA ratio of AT to OCP is 70:30. If OCP activities exceed 30% of
the training the funding must come from non-public sources. All OAA must be authorised by the
ACF Cadet Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander. Once authorised these activities attract
‘on duty’ status. The conditions in Para’s 1007 – 1008 must be applied to the relevant AT and
OCP activities. These activities should not compromise the aims/objectives of the AT exercise.
Impromptu AT and OCP activities that have not been approved by the ACF Cadet
Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander are not to be undertaken.
1010. AT Expeditions. Defined as an expedition involving AT activities in compliance with JSP
419, taking place overseas or in the UK over a period longer than 48 hours or 72 hours if the
period contains a UK Bank Holiday weekend. Note: Expedition Training as part of the ACF Army
Proficiency Certificate (APC) syllabus will not normally fall within this definition.
a.
All applications are to be in accordance with JSP 419 (see Para 1007a).
b.
Expedition Party Composition. A cadet expedition party should consist of
sufficient adults to be able to have a minimum of one CFAV supervising each group of
cadets. If a civilian instructor or someone who is not CRB/DS checked to Enhanced Level
is used to deliver training, a CFAV must always be in attendance. It is of paramount
importance that instructor/leader/cadet safety ratios listed in JSP 419 or by NGBs are
strictly adhered to. It would be prudent to ensure that staffing is above the minimum level
in order to cater for unexpected events so that training will not be lost – for example, if a
cadet has to be taken to hospital they must be accompanied by a CFAV and this could
result in a group being left unsupervised.
c.
Work to Rest Ratio. The normal ratio for training to rest (sightseeing, recreation
and travelling) is 60:40. If the training is reduced the activity may not be eligible for
funding.
d.
High Risk and/or Remote (HR&R). ACF and CCF(Army) expeditions that are graded
HR&R will not normally be authorised. They may in exceptional circumstances be conducted but
only with higher formation approval. Each HR&R expedition will be individually examined.
1011. OCP Expeditions. Expeditions involving OCP activities or cadets under 16 years of age
must follow para 1008b above.
1012. The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award (DofE). The DofE award offers cadets the opportunity
to participate in activities which conform to the definition OAA for cadets. Directly supervised
training and preparation in the specific JSAT activities can be classed as AT but must then follow
JSP 419. More advanced training where there is less direct supervision and the Award Qualifying
Venture, which is remotely supervised are to be classed as OCP. The Award is administered for
the ACF by the Army Cadet Force Association (ACFA) and can be conducted ‘on duty’; for the
CCF it can be administered by the Combined Cadet Force Association (CCFA) although many
schools administer the Award in their own right. However, as The Award has its own guidelines
for safe conduct, it does not follow the policy contained within this Section.
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1013. Annual Camps. All OAA conducted on annual camps is to be OCP unless an activity is
being run as JSAT Distributed Training (DT) or AT expedition in accordance with JSP 419. DT or
expedition activities in accordance with JSP 419 will require a simple JSATFA, which is to be
submitted direct to the Divisional AT Desk Officer a minimum of six weeks prior to the training
commencing.
1014. Participation on Regular and TA expeditions. Members of the ACF or CCF are not
normally allowed to take part in AT or OCP that is being conducted for adult units or personnel.
However, in exceptional circumstances, cadets and adults in Cadet Force units may join Regular
or TA expeditions, but only with the written authority of, the ACF County Commandant and, for the
CCF at Brigade SO3 Cdts level, and, for both, the SO2 Activities at Cadet Branch, HQ LF. It is
the responsibility of those authorities to ensure that the demands of the expedition are
commensurate with the capability of the cadets they release to take part in it. As a general rule,
young persons should not participate in either High Risk or Remote (HR&R) expeditions (see para
1007.b.) above.
1015. Conduct of OAA for Sport. The conduct of OAA for sporting purposes is not AT or OCP.
Examples of such activities include downhill or alpine skiing, canoeing, sport climbing and dinghy
sailing; as all are used to teach the skills of these activities essential for progression onto higher
level AT courses but they are also used as a means of racing. As soon as the primary purpose of
the activity is to promote sport (e.g. racing or training for racing) and a prize or trophy is awarded,
it is no longer to be classed as AT and clearance needs to be obtained from each of the singleService Sports Board authorities
Aim
1016. The aim of AT in the Cadet Forces is to develop in young people many of the qualities set
out in the “ACF Charter” and in the “Aim of the CCF” ultimately leading to taking responsibility for
others:
a.
Aim of the CCF:
The broad function of the Combined Cadet Force (CCF) is to provide a disciplined
organisation within a school so that boys and girls may develop powers of leadership by
means of training to promote the qualities of responsibility, self-reliance, resourcefulness,
endurance and perseverance, and a sense of service to the community. It is firmly
believed that the self-discipline required in Service life is equally important in the civil life of
the nation today.
b.
Charter of the ACF:
The Army Cadet Force (ACF) is a national voluntary youth organisation. It is sponsored by
the Army and provides challenging military, adventurous and community activities. Its aim
is to inspire young people to achieve success in life with a spirit of service to the Queen,
their country and their local community, and to develop in them the qualities of good
citizens. This is achieved by:
(1)
Providing progressive cadet training, often of a challenging and exciting
nature, to foster confidence, self-reliance, initiative, loyalty and a sense of service to
other people.
(2)
Encouraging the development of personal powers of practical leadership
and the ability to work successfully as a member of a team.
(3)
Stimulating an interest in the Army, its achievements, skills and values.
(4)
Advising and preparing those considering a career in the Services or with
the Reserve Forces.
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1017. This is to be achieved by:
a.
Encouraging participation in activities that present a progressive level of challenge.
b.
Delivering activities that are safely managed, imaginatively planned and genuinely
challenging.
1018. Cadets should be encouraged to progress through the levels of AT from the initial ‘taster’
experience – proficiency – Leader/Instructor/Coach. The skills acquired will greatly enhance the
Army Cadet Organisation, employment prospects and the retention of good quality adults as
CFAVs.
1019. The progressive levels of OAA will complement the Military Training contained in the ACF
and CCF Army Proficiency Certificate (APC) syllabuses.
Ethos
1020. OAA is unique in the opportunities that it offers in influencing the personal development
and growth of young Cadets to achieve their utmost potential through inspirational learning and
should encapsulate the ACF motto ‘Inspire to Achieve’. OAA provides the opportunity to engage
in arduous and challenging activities that significantly enhance so many of the qualities that the
Cadet Forces are seeking to develop in the young Cadets, such as self reliance, team work, moral
courage, taking responsibility for others plus identifying and coping with risk; all of which are
greatly valued by society as citizenship skills. The training needs to be progressively challenging,
imaginative, stimulating but, above all else, safely managed.
1021. Cadets and CFAVs with disabilities should be able to take part in quality OAA providing
that the activity can be supervised by appropriately trained and experienced instructors and that
the activity can be adjusted if required to cater for their disability. Deciding what experience or
activity that will involve them and not just include them is of major importance. The aim should be
to provide positive meaningful learning experiences that are both inclusive and memorable.
CFAVs with disabilities should be encouraged to pursue instructor, leader or coach qualifications
where possible (see Paras 1040-43 AT and OCP for Cadets with Disabilities).
Duty of Care and Risk
1022. By its very nature OAA involves exposure to the inherent risks and hazards linked to the
environment in which the activities are conducted. Leaders, instructors and coaches are to be
quite clear that they are wholly responsible for the welfare and care of the cadets in their charge.
Cadets must never be exposed to unnecessary risk, and leaders, instructors and coaches are to
ensure that the Safe System of Training (SST) framework and a robust risk management process
including a Risk Assessment, is in place at all times. The Duty of Care also extends to the criteria
laid down in JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions (Sect 4 Paras 0415 and 0416).
1023. The Exercise Instruction and Parental Consent. The Exercise Instruction is to be
signed off by the Exercise Director, the Commandant/Contingent Commander and by Brigade on
behalf of the Command as final authorisation for the activities. Parental Consent should be
obtained for all OAA exercises identifying all activities to be undertaken. For those under 18,
parental consent must be obtained and next of kin details for all in the party must be taken on
the trip.
Risk Assessments
1024. ACF and CCF Commanders are reminded that all training must incorporate a Risk
Assessment that is to be conducted by a competent person. AT expeditions must include a
completed risk assessment form to be electronically submitted with the JSATFA. A formal written
Risk Assessment is to be prepared prior to training but the instructor must also ensure that they
Amdt 1
1-6
conduct regular dynamic risk assessments during the course of training and implement any
measures that seem sensible and prudent, particularly if conditions change, such as worsening
weather.
Equipment
1025. All equipment used for OAA activities must comply with the requirements of appropriate
activity guidelines and regulations. All PPE must meet the current European Commission (EC)
regulations and is subject to mandatory routine inspection. Equipment that is not PPE must meet
the activity requirements of other agencies (e.g. Union of International Alpine Associations (UIAA),
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), British Standards Institute BSI) to ensure that it is
suitable for the intended activity and is of the appropriate quality. All equipment should be
regularly inspected and routinely maintained. A log should be kept of all inspections and
maintenance. The manufactures’ advice on storage should be followed. If an item of equipment is
found to be suspect or faulty during use, or during routine inspection, it should be withdrawn from
use and a replacement arranged.
Hazards of water
1026. There is an ever-present risk to life inherent in any activity conducted in, over or on water
which all supervisors must take into account as part of their risk assessments. AGAI Vol 1, Chap
18 Safety Precautions in Training: the Hazards of Water, applies. In particular, Annex E gives
specific instructions that apply to Canoeing/Kayaking. JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety
Precautions also gives further information that must be followed.
Other Challenge Pursuits Swimming Policy
1027. The policy on swimming ability to participate in OCP activities is at Annex A to this
Section.
Stages of Cadet Outdoor Adventurous Activity Training Progression.
1028. Cadets will gain more from OAA if they are given the opportunity to build up their level of
skill in a chosen activity, rather than to constantly participate in “tasters”, where the level of skill
required is very low. To achieve this each activity has been arranged into progressive stages of
achievement. Section 3, Annexes A to N give guidance on the activities which may be included
at each stage:
a.
Stage 1 – Introduction for beginners. At this stage, all cadets should sample as
many as possible of the activities offered through ‘taster’ sessions. . This can be delivered
at local level provided suitably qualified instructors are available.
b.
Stage 2 – Foundation. The cadet will at this level to gain more experience and
work towards a foundation level of proficiency, where appropriate gaining a basic NGB
award, if available, in one or more activity. This training may be delivered locally.
c.
Stage 3 – Proficiency. The cadet may work towards a proficiency level or award,
or extend their range of activities. This may be delivered locally, at the CCAT, through
JSAT Distributed Training at unit level or outside the Army Cadet Organisation.
d.
Stage 4 – Leader/Instructor/Coach Training courses. Stages 2 and 3 will
provide some of the pre-requisites to attend a Leader/Instructor/Coach qualification training
course, provided any age limitations and award pre-requisites are met. If a cadet is below
the age limit to attend training, they could assist an appropriately qualified instructor with
Stage 1 participants.
e.
Stage 5 – Leader/Instructor/Coach qualifications. It is feasible that some older
cadets will be able to obtain awards before they leave the Cadets, provided any age
Amdt 1
1-7
limitations and award pre-requisites are met. They can only be used to assist fully qualified
adult instructors and must never be left solely in charge of cadets.
f.
Stage 6 – Continuing Professional/Personal Development (CPD)/Log Book.
Once Leader/Instructor/Coach awards are obtained the holder must ensure that their
awards remain current and best practice is maintained. This can be undertaken by
attending workshops, courses, briefings and by undertaking their own personal activity.
1029. The ratios of student to instructor are given at Annex B to this Section.
Types of Cadet OAA activities
1030. The following table identifies AT activities (see JSP 419), which may be eligible for funding,
that can be undertaken within the Army Cadet Organisation by CFAVs and cadets. Those over 16
can attend JSAT courses. OCP activities, which are not eligible for funding, are also shown (this is
not an exhaustive list but represents those activities commonly undertaken by cadets):
AT Activities
OCP Activities
(a)
(b)
Canoeing
Parachuting
Stage 1 & 2 AT Activities
Caving
Paragliding
Coastal Traversing
Climbing, Rock (including
Abseiling) and Winter
Sailing, Offshore
Dinghy Sailing
Skiing; Alpine, Nordic and
DofE Expeditions
Diving (Sub-aqua)
Touring
Leisure & Off-road Cycling
Expeditions
Mountain Biking
Gliding & Hang Gliding
Orienteering (not for sport)
Kayaking, Inland and Sea
Snorkelling
Mountain Walking, Summer
and
Snowboarding
White Water Rafting
Winter
Windsurfing
Adventurous Activity Leaders and Instructors
1031. There is no establishment for AT instructors within the Cadet Forces. Whilst CFAV
instructors and leaders should be used where possible, it is acceptable for Cadet Units to use
suitably qualified military and civilian instructors when CFAV instructors are unavailable. However,
the following conditions apply:
a.
When military instructors are used they need to be assessed for suitability for
working with cadets. It must be remembered that the target group for military awards are
trained adult servicemen and women. Para 1028 below may apply.
b.
When civilian instructors in the UK are used from AALS accredited civilian centres,
no specific authority for their use is required, other than by the unit commanders.
c.
Civilian instructors not from nationally licensed or AALS accredited centres are
required to hold the appropriate NGB qualifications and meet the insurance requirements
stated in Sect 4, Annex A para 3b. Additionally, authority for their use is to be approved
by Formation HQs. However, to ease the administration of such requests, Formation HQs
are advised to maintain a register of AT authorised civilian instructors that can be used.
d.
For those activities that require either close contact one-to-one tuition, civilian
instructors engaged in that activity must be vetted in accordance with the vetting procedure
Amdt 1
1-8
laid down in current regulations i.e. they must be able to meet the Baseline Personnel
Security Standard (BPSS) and suitability checks, in accordance with the Defence Manual
of Security (JSP 440), including the provision of references, verification of identity and
Criminal Records Bureau (CRB)/ Disclosure Scotland (DS) certification at enhanced level
as suitable to work with children and vulnerable adults. Instructors who do not have CRB
clearance are not to be given unsupervised access to cadets and they are to be in the
company of a CFAV at all times when working with cadets.
e.
Any person, who, on the authority of the Cadet Commandant/Contingent
Commander concerned, assists in the training or administration on a regular and frequent
basis, and who is not a CFAV, may be enrolled as a Civilian Assistant (CA). CA are not
subject to military law but can give valuable help in specialist subjects or in providing
administrative assistance and their use is encouraged. They are to be formally approved by
the Cadet Commandant/Contingent Commander, and notification of their appointment as
CA is to be published on Part 1 Orders. Their details should be recorded on
WESTMINSTER.
Instructor/Leader/Coach Qualifications
1032. There are two types of qualification suitable for delivering adventurous activities to cadets;
those awarded by civilian NGBs and JSAT awards issued under JSP 419.
1033. Civilian NGB Leader/Instructor/Coach awards may be more appropriate for cadets than the
JSAT awards. The Army Cadet Organisation is made up of cadets, who are civilians, instructed,
led and coached by CFAVs many of whom have not had military experience. A number of NGB
awards have a lower remit than those offered through the JSAT Scheme and are highly
appropriate awards ideal for working with cadets in the lower activity progressions.
1034. JSAT awards are suitable qualifications for delivering AT and OCP to cadets but it must be
remembered that the primary target group for these awards are adult serving personnel; both at
instructor and student level. CFAVs that do not hold JSAT awards can pursue these if they wish.
If the holder is not already a CFAV or member of a Cadet Training Team (CTT), they must have
demonstrated an appropriate style and manner for working with cadets and that they are up to
date with current best practice.
1035. Some civilian NGB awards are recognised as equating to the Joint Service (JS) awards
e.g. JS Mountain Expedition Leader (JSMEL) Summer (S) and Mountain Leader (Summer) (MLS);
it is possible for both of these awards to be obtained at the same time, if the conditions of the
authorised awarding bodies are satisfied. In some cases there is no equivalence - for example:
the JS Rock Climbing Leader (RCL) has no civilian equivalent and there is no military equivalent to
the Climbing Wall Award (CWA).
1036. The list of appropriate Leader/Instructor/Coach qualifications and instructor-student ratios
for commonly undertaken activities is at Annex B to this Section.
Ratification of Technical Competence
1037. There are five ways to demonstrate the competence of leaders. Where doubt exists the
ACF Cadet Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander should seek clarification from the Cadet
AT Adviser.
a.
Holding the relevant NGB or JSAT qualification. This is the preferred route for
cadet adventurous activities.
b.
Holding related NGB qualifications. For some activities there are no specific
qualifications. Ratification would be required from the appropriate technical advisors that
Amdt 1
1-9
the awards would be appropriate and relevant (for example: for gorge walking – ML and
White Water Safety Module may cover the required level of competence). The ACF Cadet
Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander is responsible for authorising the activity
(para’s 1039-1048 below).
c.
Holding an equivalent award. Examples include:
(1)
Irish Canoe Union Instructor Award is multi-disciplined and multi-craft, and
can therefore be considered as satisfying the criteria for British Canoe Union (BCU)
Level 3 (L3) Coach, Kayak and Canoe, Inland and Sea.
(2)
French Monitor de Escalade is higher than an RCL/Single Pitch Award
(SPA) and equivalent to a JS Rock Climbing Instructor (JSCRI) but not equivalent to
a Mountain Instructor Award (MIA).
(3)
Canadian Level 3 Ski Instructor is the equivalent to a British Association
of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) Level 2 Instructor but not International Ski
Instructors Award (ISIA).
(4)
Instructors working for a commercial company abroad should have
equivalent qualifications for the activity.
(5)
Some CFAVs may hold appropriate levels of qualification gained outside
of an NGB e.g. Mountain Bike Instructor Award Scheme (MIAS) Level 2 for Off-road
cycling.
d.
In-house accredited awards – Mobile Climbing Tower (MCT) and Provider
awards. To have received appropriate in-house training to cover specific perceived needs
namely the MCT Award for supervisors of MCTs with Automatic Belay Devices (ABD) and
the MCT Provider Award for those who train the supervisors. Such courses must be
cleared by the SO2 Activities, HQ LF PSC-Cadets and only be delivered by appropriately
qualified, authorised and experienced JSAT or NGB award holders. Details of all training
and revalidation must be kept recording the date, personal details of the assessing
instructor including qualifications, venues used, course content and results including all
passes, deferrals and failures. In-house awards are subject to the AT Instructors CPD
Policy (see Section 2 Annex C).
1038. For a Leader/Instructor/Coach to retain the required level of technical competence
commensurate with the qualification it must be supported by logged current and relevant
experience. Awards should only be considered valid if they are:
a.
Supported by current recorded log book experience that strikes a balance between
personal and working activity.
b.
Refresher training or revalidation if it is mandatory under NGB rules.
c.
Continuing Professional/Personal Development (CPD) activities e.g. attendance at
NGB workshops, refresher training, CCAT conferences etc. is desirable where revalidation
is not required.
d.
Current appropriate first aid award. This is not CPD since this is mandatory for all
awards.
1039. For Army Cadet AT purposes instructors should in every 3 years complete a minimum of
4 units of CPD activities in each discipline for which they are qualified (see Sect 2 Annex C).
Amdt 1
1-10
OAA for Those with Disabilities
1040. The Army Cadet Organisation is an inclusive one. Cadets and adults come from all types
of social backgrounds and an increasing number also have a range of disabilities. Those with
disabilities should be encouraged to undertake AT in the same way as any other cadet or adult.
They should be encouraged to undertake activities that provide excitement and stimulation, access
to new places and to activities that are totally new. The aim should be to ensure that those with
disabilities are involved and not just included. To make this provision, supervisors, instructors or
coaches must have the requisite training and experience. There may also be a need for additional
support from carers or nominated support staff. Instructors who wish to go down this route should
contact the NGB for their activity to find out exactly what the specific activity requirements are.
1041. Disabled, Impaired and Special Needs are terms that are used regularly when describing
people who have either physical or intellectual differences, limitations or restrictions but are often
used inappropriately. It is worth remembering that impairment relates to a restriction of function
and not an absence of it. Instructors should always work on the premise of what the individual can
do not what their disability implies that they cannot do. It is important to remember not to assume
that those with a physical disability have a learning disability and equally someone with a learning
disability is physically limited.
1042.
Examples of Different Types of Disability:
a.
Deafness. For instructors there are a number of issues relating to methods of
communication especially the instructor’s body position in relation to the group, establishing
eye to eye contact and removing visual or noise distractions from the area.
b.
Visual impairment. This is a general term and covers those who are partially
sighted or blind. The instructor must:
(1)
Not assume what the participant can see but must ask them.
(2)
Describe in normal language their surroundings and environment, e.g. how
far they are from the top/bottom, where they are, the scenery including colours, so
that the participant can create a mental map.
(3)
Allow them to touch and feel the equipment, knots, fixings, etc, so they can
feel how it works before they use it.
(4)
Use tactile patches on equipment to distinguish it from others.
b.
Learning disability. These occur from a wide variety of causes ranging from
genetic factors, incidents during pregnancy or environmental factors. This can include
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Defect Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The
individual has a limited ability to learn, which will affect confidence, social skills and
behaviour. Skills previously hidden may be accessed if given appropriate support.
c.
Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome. Those with autism do not understand or are
aware of the usual social conventions. They generally like routine and can usually cope
with change if it is presented sensitively e.g. by using pictures to show the plan for the day.
Always use positive language to avoid conflict.
d.
Physical Disabilities. Only a minority are wheelchair users. Some will have been
born with the disability or it may have come about due to accident or illness.
1043.
Technical considerations. All instructors delivering AT and OCP to those with
disabilities must be fully aware of the technical considerations for their chosen activity. In some
cases the activity will be able to go ahead as usual but with a higher level of monitoring or
supervision. In other cases, to ensure that the participant is fully involved, some of the equipment
1-11
may require adapting e.g. extending handles, using different coloured tape to mark handles,
different coloured ropes or have additional padding added. Some activities will require adapting,
which may change the way in which they are normally undertaken. In rock climbing the rope
systems required may not relate to how climbing is usually practiced and therefore is beyond the
SPA. Additional training and practice followed by a site specific award may be needed.
Supporting documents
1044. The documentation listed in AGAI Vol 1 Chap 11, para 11.017 that supports the delivery
of AT should be used to support cadet AT.
1045. Additional publications include:
Ser
Reference
Content
Comments
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
1
AC 14233
Army Cadet Force Manual
ACF only
2
AC 70499
Survival Against the Elements
ACF publication
3
AC 71849
Army Cadet Adventurous Training Handbook
ACF and CCF
4
AGAIs
Vol 1, Chapter 11 Adventurous Training Parts 4
–7
5
AGAIs
Vol 1, Chapter 18 Safety Precautions in
Training: The Hazards of Water
6
JSP 313
Combined Cadet Force Manual
7
JSP 375
MOD Health and Safety Handbook
8
JSP 419
Joint Service Adventurous Training Scheme
9
JSP 535
Cadet Training Safety Precautions (2008)
10
JSP 539
Climatic Injuries in the Armed Forces
12
JSP 814
Joint Service Sub-Aqua Regulations
Various HSE ACOPs
also apply
13
BS 8848
Specification for the provision of visits, fieldwork,
expeditions and adventurous activities outside of
the United Kingdom
AT and OCP outside
of the UK
14
DINs
Guidelines for use of Climbing Walls and Mobile
Climbing Towers
Available on the cadet
AT website
CCF only
ACF and CCF
Insurance For Adventurous Training Activities
AT at Altitude
Reserve Forces Ulysses Trust
Annual JSAT Courses Schedule
15
LAND/Cadets/
CATA 11 Sep
2008
Adventurous Training Instructors – Maintaining
Qualification Validity
Policy letter reprinted
at Sect 2, Annex C
16
LF/Cadets/RJ
A/POL 11 Sep
2008
Qualifications for Mountain Biking
Policy letter
17
LANDSO
1502
The Supervision and Conduct of Mountain Biking
1-12
18
LANDSO
1405
The Military Training Facility Risk Assessment
19
RF/1/7/1/11
Feb 10
Cadet Safety Manual
ACF and CCF (Army
Sections)
Note: AT publications including DINs can be obtained from www.ahrc.co.uk. If they are not
accessible, e-mail [email protected] to request a copy.
1046. Where the documentation only provides for adult level AT, more appropriate guidance can
be found on the activity NGB websites.
1047. Guidance published by NGBs to support the delivery of OCP activities within the UK should
be used where it exists. Where it does not the guidance published by AALS should be used.
1048. When planning an overseas expedition or exploration using OCP activities the British
Standard BS8848:2007 “Specification for the provision of visits, fieldwork, expeditions and
adventurous activities outside of the United Kingdom” should be followed.
Use of Commercial Organisations/Civilian Guides or Instructors
1049. Whilst it is preferable for Cadet AT to be planned, led and delivered by CFAVs, this is not
always possible. There are a large number of civilian commercial organisations that offer a
comprehensive range of services from adventurous activity courses to youth development
programmes, UK based activities to complex international expeditions. Some companies will
undertake all of the outfitting. Cadet Commandants/CCF Contingent Commanders are permitted
to allow the use of commercial organisations but must ensure that the guidance in para 1040
below is followed.
1050. The ACF Cadet Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander must ensure that:
a.
A Risk Assessment (RA) has been completed for each activity by the company with
additional controls added by exercise CO.
b.
That qualified instructors/leaders, who are current, are used to conduct the activities
and that the correct instructor to student ratios are adhered to.
c.
Copies of Normal Operating Procedures and Emergency Action Plans are obtained
and made available to accompanying CFAVs.
d.
That the commercial organisation is providing good value for money.
e.
It is acceptable when on the recce to visit activity locations, inspect equipment, view
equipment inspection and maintenance logs, staff training and qualification records.
f.
Insurance complies with the requirements of Para 1052 below.
1051.
The ACF Cadet Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander must review the civilian
company’s RA, and, if it is an OCP, authorise the activity since it is outside the APC Syllabus.
A copy of this RA must be retained in the normal manner.
1052.
The following must be carried out:
a.
ACFs. The actions required in para 17.002 of the ACF Manual; Paras 17.003 to
17.005 should be brought to the Commandant’s attention.
Amdt 1
1-13
b.
CCFs. The actions required in Para 02127 of the CCF Manual. Paras 02128 to
02132 should be brought to the Contingent Commander’s attention.
1053. Produce an Exercise Instruction, which includes the Civilian RAs and EAPs as an Annex,
Movement Plan, Activity programme, a list of instructors with qualifications and the nominal roll of
those taking part as an Appendix. For water based activities the Exercise Instruction should be
cross referenced with AGAI Vol 1 Chap 18 and JSP 535. The Exercise Instructions are to
include:
a.
Aim.
b.
Plan.
c.
Delivery of training to include in country land clearance.
d.
Logistical support
e.
Budget.
f.
Command and control.
g.
Safety measures – stating that the requirements for Land Based training (this
Policy and JSP 535 Section 20) and for Water Based training (AGAI Vol 1, Chap 18 and
JSP 535 Section 21) are met and to include:
(1)
Safety brief.
(2)
Head count before, during and after each activity.
(3)
Identification of non swimmers, if appropriate, in line with this Policy.
1054. Command and Control. An Army Cadet Organisation Exercise Leader is to be appointed
who is responsible for the safe system of training, the overall safety and duty of care of the cadets
and CFAVs participating in the events. Even though the activity is being delivered and led by a
qualified instructor or team of instructors, the CFAV is in overall charge and must be prepared to
use his/her authority as required. In short, they as the Exercise Leader delegate the running of the
training to the Commercial Company whilst ensuring that a safe system of training operates.
1055. The County/Contingent must check with Brigade that it has the latest version of this Policy
and AGAI Vol 1 Chap 18 plus seek advice from the Div SO2 AT.
1056. The Exercise Instruction is to be signed off by the Exercise Director, the
Commandant/Contingent Commander and by Brigade on behalf of the Command as final
authorisation for the activities.
Work to Rest ratio
1057. The normal ratio for training to rest (sightseeing, recreation and travelling) is 60:40. If the
training is reduced the activity may not be eligible for funding.
Discipline
1058. Cadets and CFAVs may sometimes perceive overseas visits as a holiday. All participants
must be clear on what constitutes acceptable behaviour. In particular, care must be taken in
selecting cadets for overseas activities to ensure they have the necessary maturity to gain the
most from the experience. The Expedition Leader must research the local customs and laws and
ensure that all participants are briefed to abide by them. Special consideration must be given to
the appropriateness of consuming alcohol, smoking, western style dress and behaviour.
1-14
PART 2 - ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS
JSATFA and Expedition Code-Names
1059. All AT expeditions, which are conducted in accordance with JSP 419 and AGAI
Vol 1 Chap 11 are to be submitted to Formation HQ SO2 AT Desk Officers using either
the Adventurous Training System (ATSYS), the online AT intranet application, which can
be found at:
http://defenceinternet.diiweb.r.mil.uk/defenceInternet/Home
then search for “Adventurous Training” or, where the Defence Intranet cannot be accessed, by
completing an offline JSATFA which can be obtained on the HQ ATG(A) internet website:
http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/Home/
then search for “ATSYS JSATFA Offline Forms”.
1060. Two words must be used when naming an expedition excluding the code word
VENTURER and the Formation HQ nicknames (see below). These will be added automatically
when the JSATFA is entered into ATSYS
Ser
Formation
Nickname
1
HQ 2 DIV
NORTHERN
2
HQ 4 DIV
TIGER
3
HQ 5 DIV
DRAGON
4
HQ LONDIST
COCKNEY
5
HQ NI
FINN
6
HQ BF Cyprus
APHRODITE
7
ACF/CCF Expeditions
VENTURER
1061. Provided the expedition is properly authorised, assistance from MOD sources may be
allowed. Items which cadet units may apply for are shown below, and the relevant sections of the
JSATFA are used to apply. However, it should be noted that these are not granted automatically,
and are at the discretion of the Brigade/District.
a.
Remuneration, subject to the ratio of cadets to eligible adults.
b.
Cash in Lieu of Rations (CILOR).
c.
Petrol coupons for Service vehicles in Germany.
d.
Rail warrants for travel in UK.
e.
Grants towards travel and accommodation.
Insurance
1062. The extant Defence Instruction and Notice (DIN) concerning Insurance for Adventurous
Training Activities to be read in conjunction with JSP 419 and AGAI Volume 1, Chapter 11,
details of which may be obtained through Regional Bdes/Dist. Paras 5-7 of the DIN deal with what
activities are and are not covered by the MOD’s insurance.
Amdt 1
1-15
1063. The standard insurance does not cover all aspects of travel abroad, and a policy must be
taken out in case of travel problems, medical treatment, including repatriation in case of hospital
stays, theft or loss of valuables, and cancellation charges. The policy should also give public
liability cover. Travel insurance can be obtained from:
a.
The ACFA/CCFA – details may be obtained from the ACFA/CCFA Insurance
Officer.
b.
The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award – The Award Journal contains details.
c.
Civilian travel insurance companies that specialize in adventurous activities.
Services provided include search and rescue, repatriation, medical costs and injury. Be
aware that normal travel insurance only covers a very limited level of activity and may not
be sufficient for adventurous activities.
1064. In EU countries all those travelling should also obtain, complete and bring with them a
European Health Insurance Card (EHIC), which gives reciprocal rights for free hospital
treatment.
Annex:
A.
Policy on Swimming Ability to Participate in AT and OCP Activities
B.
AT Qualifications and Instructor/Student ratios
1-16
ANNEX A TO
SECTION 1
POLICY ON SWIMMING ABILITY TO PARTICIPATE IN OCP ACTIVITIES
Reference:
A.
JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions, Section 21, Part 4.
B.
Adventure Activities Licensing Authority (AALA) Collective Interpretation 7.03 – Personal
Buoyancy in Recreational Watersports Version 4, dated 8 Jul 2008, Ref: IGN67V04
C.
D/DRFC/4/2/01 Buoyancy Aids for use in Cadet Force Training – Interim Policy dated 21
Jan 2010.
D.
JSP 419 – Joint Service Adventurous Training (JSAT) Scheme para’s 38-39.
GENERAL
1.
When undertaking water based OCP activities, the participants’ level of swimming ability
and confidence in water is paramount. All participants must wear the correct Buoyancy Aid (BA)
appropriate for the AT or OCP activity as detailed in Reference A (Annex A to Section 21).
2.
Within the context of this Policy the ability to swim is interpreted as the ability to swim whilst
wearing a correctly sized and fitted BA. The ability to swim whilst not wearing a BA is generally
irrelevant. The ability to swim whilst wearing BA means being able to remain upright, turned away
from the weather, follow instructions and make progress forward. Water confidence and the ability
to co-operate with rescuers are more significant than the ability to be able to swim without a BA.
3.
The industry norm for the delivery of water based activities to youngsters under the age of
18 has been based on the collective interpretation (Reference B) issued by the Adventure
Activities Licensing Authority (AALA). This is exceeded by the interim guidance provided in
Reference C on the swimming standard to be achieved by cadets in order to be considered
capable of conducting activities on water, when wearing the 50N or 80N BA (50/80N BA).
4.
The generic 50/80N BA provides passive buoyancy of 50N or 80N respectively and is
available in 3 sizes from both Service and commercial sources.
5.
Swimming is an important life-skill and thought should be given to providing swimming
lessons to “non-swimmers” whenever on-water activities are being arranged for members of the
Cadet Forces.
POLICY
6.
Other than specific, fully-supervised swimming lessons, those who cannot achieve the
following swimming standards are not to conduct any activity on water, for which MOD will not
indemnify such cadets, or their supervisors.
7.
The minimum swimming ability to enable participation in OCP when help is close at hand
and in sheltered water is defined as a cadet who, whilst wearing a 50/80N BA, can:
a.
Swim over a distance of at least 25m, and
b.
Tread water and/or float for 1 minute, and
c.
Exit water (from where an individual is unable to use their feet to touch the bottom),
with assistance if required.
8.
Amdt 1
The BA must be sized and fitted correctly.
1A-1
9.
For all Cadet AT activities, and OCP where help may not be close at hand or the water
conditions are more demanding than ‘Sheltered’, the minimum swimming standard is the JSAT
swimming test (Reference D), which is conducted without BA:
a.
Deep water entry wearing light clothing.
b.
50m swim completed in 4 minutes, wearing light clothing.
10.
Conduct of the Swimming Ability Test. The test can be conducted outdoor or indoor by
the following:
a.
A qualified swimming teacher or lifesaving teacher of Assistant Teacher status or
above.
b.
BCU Level 2 Coach or above.
c.
Army Physical Training Corps Instructor or All Arms PTI.
d.
Results must be countersigned by the Cadet Commandant/Contingent
Commander.
RISK MANAGEMENT
11.
In all cases participation in water-based activities is to be subjected to a robust risk
management process and coherent Emergency Action Plan (EAP). The ratios of participants to
instructors will be key in the Risk Assessment.
CONDITIONS
12.
The following definitions are to be used when conducting the activity risk assessment.
a.
Help is close at hand: Direct assistance to any casualty will be on scene within 1
minute.
(1)
This would include other craft if they can be used to perform either an
assisted or unassisted rescue. It should also include the casualty’s craft (upturned
or otherwise) if it will remain afloat in the immediate vicinity of the participant
following a capsize or similar event, and allow the casualty to hold on to it, or attach
themselves to it. This gives rise to the golden rule of ‘don’t leave your craft as long
as it is afloat and the craft itself is in no imminent danger’.
(2)
This definition would include most canoes and kayaks, small dinghies and
windsurfers. It would NOT generally include motor craft not fitted with kill-cords,
yachts, etc. which may continue on their way without crew.
(3)
Help will also be considered close at hand if a self-rescue, assisted rescue
or casualty recovery can be promptly performed. Groups in the company of
appropriately competent instructors, whether in or not in a dedicated rescue boat,
can always be considered ‘close to help’ when not dispersed.
(4)
Help would generally NOT be considered ‘close at hand’ if it were necessary
to signal that help was required such as by whistle, flare or hand signals, as they
may not be seen immediately.
b.
Sheltered water: Excludes the open sea, white water, venues which are ‘blown
out’ and large lakes and lochs where changeable conditions exist, and all other water where:
Amdt 1
1A-2
(1)
An adversely strong wind is blowing or forecast.
(2)
Any prevailing forecast tide/current is moving significantly.
(3)
It is conceivable for the group to be blown or swept into a hazardous or
inescapable area.
(4)
‘Adversely strong’ and ‘significantly’ in this context are assessed in relation
to the ability of the group as a whole to make reliable progress against it.
Amdt 1
1A-3
Intentionally blank
Amdt 1
1A-4
ANNEX B TO
SECTION 1
AT QUALIFICATIONS AND INSTRUCTOR/STUDENT RATIOS
Minimum Supervisor Qualification
Ser
(a)
Activity
Ratio
Military
Civilian
(c)
(d)
(b)
(e)
Rock climbing:
1
Climbing Wall Award (CWA)
1
1
Artificial Climbing
Walls & Towers
RLT
As for Single Pitch
Climbing
2
Mobile Climbing
Towers with Auto
Belay Device
4-hour as devised by HQ Land Forces.
3
Abseiling
Supervision
Rock Leader Training
(RLT)
Single Pitch Award (SPA)
1 Supervisor per
stance
4
Top Roping
RLT
SPA
1 Supervisor per 3
top rope systems
5
Single Pitch
Climbing
Rock Climbing Leader
(JSRCL)
SPA
1:1 when lead
climbing
6
Multi Pitch
Climbing
Rock Climbing Instructor
(JSRCI)
Mountain Instructor Award
(MIA)
1:2
CWA Module 1 – bottom roping only; CWA Modules 1 & 2 – bottom roping, top access and abseiling.
2
HQ Land Forces has devised a course specifically for Mobile Climbing Towers with Auto Belay Device.
Details are on the ACF AT website.
Walking and expeditions on foot:
7
8
9
Normal Country –
enclosed farmland
Demonstrated outdoor ability and experience e.g. ACF
Initial Training Course, CCF Army Basic Training Course
plus field exercise supervisory experience. Optional
training may be Basic Expedition Leader (BEL) Level 2,
Summer Mountain Proficiency (SMP) Course, DofE Gold
Expedition.
Moorland – upland
non-mountainous
areas. (Summer)
Mountain Leader Training
(MLT)
Wild Country –
mountainous
areas (Summer)
MLT or Mountain
Expedition Leader
(Summer) (JSMEL(S)
3
Walking Group Leader Award
MLT 1:6, JSMEL 1:8
BEL 1:10
WGL, ML(T), MLS
1:10
DofE 1:7
3
MLT , JSMEL 1:6
WGL, MLS 1:8
Mountain Leader Summer
(MLS)
MLS
3
MLT 1:6
JSMEL 1:6 with
novices
1:8 with .
MLS 1:8
10
Summer alpine
walking
JSMEL(S)
MLS
MLS - see Sect 3 Annex C
ML Summer ser 5.
As for serial 9
International Mountain Leader
(IML)
11
12
13
Amdt 1
Winter conditions
(UK)
JSMEL (Winter)
Winter alpine
walking
JSMEL(W)
Alpine
mountaineering –
glacier walking
JS Alpine Mountain
Leader
ML (Winter)
1:4 novices
1:6
International Mountain Leader
1:4 novices
(can only use snowshoes)
1:6 proficient
Guide
1:5
1B-1
5
(a)
(b)
14
Graded scrambles
(summer
conditions)
3
(c)
(d)
Advanced JSMEL
MIA
(e)
1:4 Grade 1
1:2 Grade 2 & 3
(pitched routes)
Those holding MLT may only supervise on terrain with which they are familiar away from steep ground.
4
Proficient is taken to be Military AT – Summer Mountain Proficiency (SMP); civilian AT – SMP or Silver DofE
Training.
5
Proficient is taken to be Military AT –Winter Mountain Proficiency (WMP); civilian AT – WMP or 5 day civilian
winter skills course.
Canoeing and kayaking:
15
16
Very sheltered
water
Canoe Instructor Level 1
(JSCI1)
BCU UKCC Level 1
JSCI1 – 1:6
BCU UKCC Level 2 Trainee
BCU L1 – 1:8
Sheltered Water
JSCI Level 2 (JSCI2)
BCU UKCC Level 2 Coach
1:8
BCU UKCC Level 3 Coach
Trainee
17
18
6
Moderate Water
Advanced Water
JSCI Level 3 (JSCI3)
JS White Water, Open
Canoe, Sea Expedition
Leader
BCU UKCC Level 3 Coach
1:6
New BCU 4 Star Proficiency –
leader only
4 Star 1:4 Competent
Relevant BCU 5 Star
Proficiency or higher
1:4
Can only operate with Commandant’s/Contingent Commander’s authorisation.
The term BCU UKCC (UK Coaching Certificate) denotes the new coaching awards introduced in 2007. Old
scheme coaching awards are still valid within the remit of the qualification.
Caving:
19
Horizontal caves
on leaders
authorised list
Local Cave Leader
(JSLCL)
Local Cave Leader Level 1
20
Vertical caves on
leaders authorised
list
JSLCL with Single Rope
Techniques course
Local Cave Leader Level 2
As above
21
Any caves
compatible with
leaders experience
JS Cave Leader (JSCVL)
No direct equivalent
As above
Cave Instructor Certificate
(CIC)
As above
22
Any caves
JS Cave Instructor
worldwide
(JSCVI)
Mountain Biking (an OCP activity)
23
Normal Country
including non
serious tracks
without technical
difficulties.
None
1:3 minimum,
1:5 maximum
ABCC, BOB, MIAS and
OTC Level 1
or
BSCA Mountain Bike
Off-Road Leader
7
(MBORL) plus BELA or
ACF Initial Training Course
(ITC)
Amdt 1
1B-2
1:6
(a)
24
(b)
Normal Country
(c)
None
including tracks
requiring the use of
intermediate skills.
25
Moorland
(d)
SMBLA Trail Cycle Leader
8
Award (TCL)
(e)
1:6
or
ABCC, BOB, MIAS and OTC
Level 2 or BSCA plus BELA
or ACF ITC
None
SMBLA Trail Cycle Leader
8
Award (TCL)
1:6
or
ABCC, BOB, MIAS and OTC
Level 2 or BSCA plus
WGL/JSMLT
26
Wild Country
(Summer)
None
SMBLA Mountain Bike
8
Leader award (MBL)
1:6
or
27
Wild Country
(Winter) and
Moorland (Winter)
None
ABCC, BOB, MIAS and
Level 3 plus ML/JSMEL
ML Winter or JSMEL(W) plus
significant experience.
or
1:6
SMBLA Mountain Bike
Leader Award (MBL) plus
MLW or JSMEL(W)
or
BOB and Level 3 plus MLW
or JSMEL(W)
7
The following bodies are recognised by the Adventure Activities Licensing Service (AALS):
ABCC – Assoc. of British Cycling Coaches
BOB – British Off-road Biking (commercial provider)
BSCA – British Schools Cycle Association
MIAS – Mountain Bike Instructor Award Scheme (commercial provider)
OTC – Off-road Training Consultancy (commercial provider)
8
The Scottish Mountain Bike Leaders’ Association (SMBLA) – NGB based – Trail Cycle Leader (TCL) and
Mountain Bike Leader (MBL) awards have become increasingly adopted within the UK as appropriate awards
for leading trail and mountain trips. The MBL is recognised in Europe.
Skiing (Alpine)
28
Artificial Ski Slopes
Experience
Snowsport Scotland (SS)
ASSI
N/S
BASI Instructor Level 1 Alpine
(IL1A)
29
On piste
JS Ski Instructor Alpine
(JSSIA) + Tour Leader
Training (TLT)
SS Alpine Ski Leader
JSSIA + TLT
BASI IL2A
Up to 8 novices
ASL, IL2A 1:10
Skiing (ski touring//Nordic):
30
31
On piste (marked
tracks)
Off-piste (non
glacier)
JSSI Nordic (JSSIN) +
TLT
JS Ski Tour Leader
(JSSTL)
SS Nordic Ski Leader (NSL)
JSSIA + TLT,
BASI Nordic Cross Country
Ski Instructor
JSSIN + TLT 1:8
SS Mountain Ski Leader
1:6
1B-3
NSL, BASI N 1:8
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Snowboarding (an OCP activity):
32
Artificial Ski Slopes
SS Artificial Snow Snowboard
Instructor (ASSI)
1:10
BASI Snowboard Instructor
Level 1
33
On piste
N/A
SS Snowboard Leader (SBL)
BASI Snowboard Instructor
Level 2
1:8
Sub aqua diving:
34
Snorkelling
None
British Sub-Aqua Club
(BSAC) Snorkel Instructor
See JSP 535
35
Sub Aqua
Club Instructor (Pool or
classroom only)
BSAC Club Instructor (pool or
classroom only)
CI 1:4
Open Water Instructor
BSAC Open Water Instructor
OWI/OWSI 1:
Professional Association of
Dive instructors (PADI) Open
Water Scuba Instructor
(OWSI)
9
Two is the minimum number of qualified instructors per group when undertaking open water diving. A SubAqua Diving Supervisor (SADS) is also required to act as a safety supervisor on the surface for all diving
conducted in accordance with JSP 419.
1B-4
SECTION 2 – ADVICE ON GAINING AND MAINTAINING
LEADER/INSTRUCTOR/COACH QUALIFICATIONS
Qualification Courses
2001. AT and OCP Leader/Instructor/Coach courses are available:
a.
Under military auspices at the Level 4 Joint Service AT Centres, which award both
military qualifications and civilian qualifications (where appropriate). Guidance can be
found in JSP 419, which should be available at County or Contingent HQs, and in Part 3
Annexes A to N.
b.
From civilian centres which offer qualifications approved by the NGB for the activity;
but not necessarily at public expense. These centres publish a detailed syllabus for each
qualification. There are normally pre-requisites to be satisfied before a course can be
booked namely an adequate log book defined by the NGB, membership of the NGB and
registration for the course. The HQ Land Forces AT Advisor can be contacted for details of
how to apply for these courses.
c.
From CCAT.
The Centre conducts military proficiency courses and
Leader/Instructor/Coach awards plus a broad spectrum of NGB Leader/Instructor/Coach
qualification courses for adults and cadets throughout the year. An annual programme is
issued to all unit HQs and is posted on the Adventurous Training website (see paras 20072008).
Civilian Recognition of Military Awards
2002. Many CFAVs hold both military and civilian AT Leader/Instructor/Coach awards.
Sometimes it is possible for civilian awards to be signed off with the JS equivalent on application to
JS Mountain Training Centre (Indefatigable) JSMTC(I). For those CFAVs who wish to use their
military award experience to count towards obtaining civilian NGB recognition, guidance should be
sought from the relevant NGB. Annexes A and B to this section gives guidance on the civilian
recognition of military mountaineering and paddlesport awards. Normally JSAT awards have no
validity once the individual leaves the regular forces, reserve forces or cadet forces. The Health
and Safety Executive (HSE) will permit the use of JSAT awards when leading or supervising
civilians providing that the holder demonstrates they are current and competent, and used to
working with and able to conduct themselves in a manner suitable for working with civilians. The
civilian employing body must arrange the appropriate means of testing or validating the award
holder for suitability using a recognised Subject Matter Expert (SME). It would be suitable to use
instructors, who are in this category, if supplied by an AALA licensed company.
Registering as a Distributed Trainer with JSMTC
2003. Instructors who wish to deliver Distributed Training (DT) must register with the Distributed
Training Office at JSMTC Indefatigable. The application should be sent in the first instance to the
OC CCAT, CCAT, Capel Curig Training Camp, Conwy LL24 0DS. They need to send a completed
application form and copies of their qualifications and in return will receive a Distributed Trainer
number. This permits the registered instructor to deliver JSAT courses (JSP 419) within the remit
of their qualifications. Permission from JSMTC must be gained before each Distributed Training
course can be delivered.
Log books
2004. Qualified supervisors are expected to maintain a record in a Log Book in the activities they
are qualified for. Log Books are issued for this purpose either by JSMTC for military qualifications
or by the NGBs on registration for civilian awards. The log should record each occasion that
groups are supervised. They are also to record the maintenance of currency in the same log book
Amdt 1
2-1
whenever they engage in any personal adventurous training activity; and Continuing Personal or
Professional Development (CPD).
Maintaining qualification validity - Continuing Personal or Professional Development (CPD)
2005. Qualified supervisors are expected to keep their qualifications up to date and, where
possible, progress on to attain awards of a higher degree.
2006. Skill fade post qualification is a serious issue and instructors need to keep up to date with
developments in how activities are supervised to remain safe. As a result it is now expected that
qualified AT supervisors are able to demonstrate their currency in their chosen AT activities by
undertaking CPD. Annex C to this section advises on how leaders/instructors/coaches can keep
their qualifications valid.
The Army Cadet Organisation AT Website
2007. A website has been developed to provide useful information on AT in the Army Cadet
Organisation. It is updated regularly, and contains information on:
a.
Activities.
b.
Qualifications.
c.
Courses available.
d.
Latest versions of forms.
e.
Planning guidance.
f.
Health and safety information.
g.
Information on the Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training.
h.
Information on AT events and expeditions.
i.
Useful contacts and links.
2008. The URL for the site is: www.armycadetadventure.info
Annex:
A.
Civilian Recognition of Military Mountaineering Awards
B.
Civilian Recognition of Military Canoeing/Kayaking Awards
C.
Adventurous Training Instructors – Maintaining Qualification Validity
2-2
ANNEX A
TO SECTION 2
CIVILIAN RECOGNITION OF MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING AWARDS
Reference:
A.
JSP 419 Joint Services Adventurous Training Scheme
Introduction
1.
Candidates attending ML, WGL and SPA assessment courses have attempted to use
military courses as the pre-requisite awards for attendance. This has resulted in disappointment
since the correct civilian NGB procedures were not followed.
2.
This Annex outlines how civilian recognition of military mountaineering awards can be
gained.
3.
The mountaineering awards issued under the JSAT scheme are harmonized with the
awards issued by the National Awarding Bodies (NABs), which are also known as the Home
Nation Training Boards (HNTBs): namely Mountain Leader Training England (MLTE), MLT Wales
(MLTW), MLT Ireland (MLTI) and MLT Scotland (MLTS). It is possible for those holding JSAT
awards to have them recognised by the NABs.
4.
In normal circumstances JSAT awards have no validity once the individual leaves the
regular forces, reserve forces or cadet forces.
Civilian NGB Schemes
5.
The mountaineering awards issued under the JSAT scheme are harmonized with the
awards issued by the National Governing Body (NGB) and it is possible to obtain both the JS
award and civilian award (excluding the WGL) at the same time by registering for that award with
the relevant Home Nation Training Board before attending the JSAT course. The Home Nation
Training Boards are as follows:
a.
Mountain Leader Training England (MLTE).
b.
MLT Wales (MLTW).
c.
MLT Ireland (MLTI).
d.
MLT Scotland (MLTS).
6.
If a candidate already holds a JS award, but was not registered with a Training Board at
the time, it is possible to apply for exemption from the training course prior to the assessment.
Exemption may be granted on the basis that the log book shows sufficient experience to attend the
assessment of which the JS award is a part. Exemption is not automatic. It is necessary to allow a
minimum of 20 working days i.e. 4 weeks, for exemption applications to be processed by the
relevant training board. Successful applicants will receive an endorsement page complete with a
‘green’ validation sticker.
7.
For the JSAT course to also count as a NGB course, it must be delivered by a Course
Director who is approved by the sponsoring Training Board to deliver that civilian course and the
course needs to be staffed at the required ratios. Often this is not the case and if candidates do
not find out until they start the course, there is no guarantee that the JSAT course will be
accredited as a civilian course. All candidates must also have evidence of the requisite levels of
personal experience relevant to the civilian course.
2A-1
Climbing Wall Award (CWA)
8.
Currently there is no JSAT course available for the use of artificial climbing facilities.
Single Pitch Award (SPA)
9.
It is possible to attend a Joint Services (JS) Rock Leader Training (RLT) Course as a
Training Board candidate and gain the SPA Training; then progress onto the JS Rock Leader
(RCL) and complete the SPA Assessment. It is essential that the candidate is registered with a
Training Board for SPA before attending the RLT course. They must present their Training Board
log book, which contains registration and validation pages, at the start.
10.
If the candidate already holds the JSRCI, RCL or RLT but did not register with a Training
Board they could be eligible for exemption from the SPA Training course provided that they have
suitable experience (i.e. led 40 climbs with leader placed protection, some at Severe standard, 20
sessions of supervision in three different climbing areas of the UK). There is no exemption from
assessment. They must first register with a Training Board and then apply for exemption from the
training course before attending the assessment.
Walking Group Leader (WGL)
11.
Currently it is not possible to attend a JS Mountain Leader Training (MLT) course as a
Training Board candidate and gain the WGL.
12.
If the candidate already holds the MLT, they could be eligible for exemption from the WGL
Training course provided that they have suitable experience (i.e. 40 hillwalking days in three
different areas of the UK). There is no exemption from assessment. Prior to the assessment
they must register with any Training Board and then apply for exemption from training before
attending the assessment.
Mountain Leader (Summer) Award (MLS)
13.
It is possible to attend a JS Mountain Leader Training (MLT) Course as a Training Board
candidate and gain the ML Training. The MLT was formerly known as the Unit Expedition Leader
(UEL). The candidate may then progress onto the JS Mountain Expedition Leader (Summer)
(MLS) and complete their MLS assessment. It is essential that they register with a Training Board
before attending the MLT course presenting their Training Board log book at the start.
14.
If the candidate already holds the JSMEL, MLT or MLS but did not register with a Training
Board they could be eligible for exemption from the ML Training course provided that they have
suitable experience (i.e. 40 mountain days and 8 days camping (4 wild camps) in three different
mountain areas of the UK). There is no exemption from assessment. Prior to the assessment
they must register with a Training Board and then apply for exemption from training before
attending the assessment.
15.
It is not possible to convert a civilian ML Training course into a JS MLT award. There is no
element of assessment on the civilian course whereas, on the JS MLT, there are at least two days
of assessment.
Mountain Leader (Winter) (MLW) Award
16.
MLTS is the only Training Board to sponsor the Winter Mountain Leader (WML) award.
17.
It is possible to attend a JS Winter Mountain Leader Training (WMLT) course as an MLTS
candidate and gain the MLW Training. The candidate must already hold the civilian MLS award.
They may then progress onto the JS Mountain Expedition Leader (Winter) (MLW) and complete
2A-2
the MLTS MLW assessment. To do this they must register with the MLTS before starting the
training course and present their MLTS log book at the start.
18.
If the candidate already holds the JSMEL(W), WMT or MLW, but did not register with the
MLTS, they could be eligible for exemption from the MLW Training course provided that they hold
the civilian Mountain Leader (Summer) award and have suitable experience (i.e. 40 winter
mountain days at least 20 of which are in Scotland and 10 grade one gullies). There is no
exemption from assessment. Prior to the assessment, they must register with the MLTS and
then apply for exemption from training before attending the assessment.
NGB Scheme Registration
19.
Prior registration for the civilian mountaineering awards is essential. The procedure is:
a.
Be an individual member of a club affiliated to a mountaineering council (e.g. British
Mountaineering Council (BMC), Mountaineering Council of Scotland (MC of S) or
Mountaineering Council of Ireland (MCI), or an individual council member.
b.
Be at least 18 years of age.
c.
Hold the minimum level of experience required.
d.
Complete the registration form and return with registration fee to the relevant home
nation Training Board.
20.
Before attending a training course, the minimum level of experience required is:
a.
CWA – 6 months climbing experience on at least 15 occasions including leading
routes.
b.
SPA – 12 months rock climbing experience including at least 15 lead climbs.
c.
WGL and ML – 12 months hill-walking with at least 20 days personal experience.
d.
MLW – to gain registration: hold the MLS plus 20 winter days (genuine winter
conditions) in three different UK mountain areas in two winter seasons.
21.
Full details can be found on the relevant websites and in the award handbooks.
Applying for Exemption
22.
It must be remembered that the military mountaineering awards have evolved to be used in
military circumstances. The civilian equivalent awards have subtle differences in content and
approach so, before applying for exemption, the following should be considered:
a.
The training courses introduce candidates to content not covered on military
courses;
b.
Material may be included that is unfamiliar to even experienced military award
holders.
23.
Those applying for exemption from training must be able to demonstrate substantial
personal experience in the activity area as well as in leadership experience in leading groups. At
the very least the minimum requirements for attendance on the assessment course must be met.
Any military course or award provides additional evidence of experience and is not enough on its
own.
2A-3
24.
The Home Nation Training Boards can advise on applying for exemption and will supply
exemption application forms and details of fees if requested. The procedure for applying for
exemption is:
a.
Be registered with the specific scheme.
b.
Obtain and complete an exemption application form.
c.
Submit a copy of the completed log book pages with the exemption application form
and fee to the appropriate Home Nation Training Board.
25.
Exemption is not automatic – every effort must be made to satisfy to provide evidence of
qualifications and experience.
2A-4
Annex
ANNEX
B B
To
TOSection
SECTION
2 2
CIVILIAN RECOGNITION OF MILITARY CANOEING/KAYAKING AWARDS
Reference:
A.
JSP 419 Joint Services Adventurous Training Scheme
Introduction
1.
Candidates attending British Canoe Union (BCU) United Kingdom Coaching Certificate
(UKCC) courses have attempted to use JS awards as the pre-requisite awards for attendance.
This has resulted in disappointment since the correct civilian National Governing Body (NGB)
procedures were not followed.
2.
There is no mechanism for those holding purely JSAT Canoe Instructor/Leader awards to
have them recognised for the equivalent NGB award.
3.
In normal circumstances JSAT awards have no validity once the individual leaves the
regular forces, reserve forces or cadet forces.
JSAT/NGB Schemes
4.
The canoeing awards issued under the JSAT Scheme are harmonized with the awards
issued by the NGB and it is possible to obtain both the JS and NGB award at the same time by
registering for that award with the relevant Home Nation Awarding Body before attending the JSAT
course. The Home Nation Awarding Bodies are as follows:
a.
Canoe England (CE)
b.
Welsh Canoe Association (WCA)
c.
Canoe Association Northern Ireland (CANI)
d.
Scottish Canoe Association (SCA)
5.
For the JSAT course to be accredited as a NGB course, it must be delivered by a Course
Director who is approved by the Home Nation Awarding Body. Often this is not the case and if
candidates do not find out until they start the course, there is no guarantee that the JSAT course
will be accredited as a NGB course.
6.
NGB and JSAT qualification course pre-requisite awards and log book experience are
detailed in Annex C to Section 3.
Home Nation Awarding Body Registration
7.
Candidate registration for the BCU UKCC Coaching awards is essential.
details can be obtained from the relevant Home Nation Awarding Body websites.
2B-1
Registration
Intentionally blank
2B-2
ANNEX C
TO SECTION 2
LEADERS/INSTRUCTORS/COACHES – MAINTAINING QUALIFICATION VALIDITY
Reference:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
JSP 535 Cadet Safety Precautions.
JSP 419 JSAT Scheme.
AGAI Vol 1 Chap 11 Adventurous Training.
AGAI Vol 1 Chap 18 Safety Precautions in Training: The Hazards of Water.
JSP 375 Vol 2 Leaflet 11 Annex A.
Introduction
1.
Increasingly, in both the military and civilian world, the effects of instructors’ skill fade
following qualifications are seen as an issue that can affect the safety of participants and the
accuracy of knowledge imparted. Research shows that skill fade happens quickly following initial
qualification if the skills are not used for some time.
2.
Reference B demands that award holders maintain currency in all relevant disciplines by
undertaking refresher training regularly and by using their awards but no further advice is given.
For some civilian awards it is a mandatory aspect of the qualification but for others it is not.
Background
3.
In the civilian world it is a condition of the BCU Coach qualification that BCU membership is
maintained and revalidation is undertaken. Those who practice as an International Mountain
Leader (IML) are required to demonstrate a minimum of 4 days Continuing Professional/Personal
Development (CPD) in 3 years. Ski and Caving Instructors have to revalidate their qualification
every 3 years, which usually involves a one day reassessment. Mountain Leader Training Board
England (MLT) course providers and directors lose their status if they have not attended a MLTE
workshop or delivered a course within 3 years. Mountain Instructor Awards (MIA) and Mountain
Instructor Certificates (MIC) are increasingly being expected to undertake CPD.
4.
Civilian ML, MLW and Single Pitch Award (SPA) holders are currently not required to
undertake refresher training or CPD. Yet this is in conflict with the need for outdoor activity
instructors to show a proper ‘Duty of Care’ to their students. They should remain as up to date
with their skills and knowledge as is reasonably possible. This would require some form of CPD.
5.
The committed instructor should have little problem in maintaining a good log book
showing a variety of development activities. Those who may give rise for concern are those who
may struggle to complete the minimum log book requirements (see para’s 9 and 13 below)
because they:
a.
Are personally active but only take groups out on an irregular basis – the upper limit
of the award remit often becomes blurred.
b.
Gained their qualifications some time ago and due to career changes are coming
back into adventurous training after a lay-off of more than 3 years – likely to suffer skill fade
or be using outdated techniques.
c.
Live a large distance from outdoor venues thus taking personal trips and using their
awards intermittently – possible skill fade and fitness issues.
6.
AT Instructors come from very diverse backgrounds; they have busy personal lives, are
highly committed and often qualified in several disciplines. Any demands made in order to ensure
AT instructors are up to date must also take into account:
2C-1
a.
The cumulative effect of achieving CPD in several disciplines.
b.
The very wide range of activities that can be used as CPD.
c.
What is accepted good practice.
The system must be workable for all concerned.
7.
The onus must be placed on the award holder to update and maintain their qualifications.
The Cadet Centre for AT (CCAT) will endeavour to encourage award holders to attend CPD
events; ACF Counties and CCF Contingents should do so similarly.
Practical steps in maintaining validity of qualifications
8.
A good log book. A good log book should show a balance between personal days, group
days and development activities. Ideally, there will be regular personal days to a variety of
locations and areas throughout the year (weather and activity permitting); courses delivered or
groups led at least annually and a regular programme of development (e.g. the annual CCAT
Instructors Conference or MLTA workshops).
9.
The relevant NGB guidelines are the first port of call in deciding what constitutes an
acceptable log book. As a rough ‘rule of thumb,’ the minimum the log book should show during
the last 3 years to maintain currency for AT awards is:
a.
8 -10 Personal Days. e.g. Quality Mountain/Hill Days (QMD), caves, rivers, climbs.
b.
8 -10 days of leading or delivering courses.
c.
One workshop satisfactorily attended is encouraged (mandatory for MLTE course
providers and directors) – entry in the log book validated.
d.
Re-training or revalidation – mandatory for British Caving (BCA), British Canoe
Union (BCU), British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) or Scottish Snowsport.
and Site Specific awards.
e.
First Aid re-validation is mandatory.
10.
It would be hoped that a committed instructor would have more than the ‘minimum’ log
book requirement.
11.
A degree of common sense should be applied to para 10. Instructors who engage in some
activities (e.g. MLs on demanding walks or expeditions, kayak or ski instructors descending
intermediate rivers or routes with their groups) can technically remain competent and current. The
problem comes where instructors:
a.
Regularly play a supervisory or non-active role – a problem for SPAs.
b.
Deliver the same lesson or series of lessons repeatedly.
c.
Operate repeatedly in non-challenging terrain.
d.
Operate in the same area where there is little variation in routes.
e.
The instructor can become stale, suffer skill fade and effectively the qualification
becomes a site specific award.
2C-2
Continuing Personal/Professional Development (CPD)
12.
The activities listed on Appendix 1 to this Annex can be used for CPD. This is not an
exhaustive list. It is an indication of the type and variety of potential CPD activities available.
Common sense must be used in deciding what constitutes CPD. The activities fall into several
categories:
a.
Specific – relating to one discipline only e.g. caving reassessment.
b.
Generic – the content relates to a large number of activities (e.g. ‘Corporate
Norming’ events like the CCAT Instructor Conference, 5 Div AT Seminar or NGB AGM).
c.
Mixed – a combination of activity specific and generic skills e.g. the Alpine Ski
Leader (ASL) Award (‘skiing skills’ is specific but the teaching and coaching theory is
generic).
13.
For Army Cadet AT and OCP purposes, every 3 years instructors should complete a
minimum of 4 units of CPD activities in each discipline for which they are qualified. It is
recognised that most will do far more than this.
14.
Evidence of CPD should be verifiable wherever possible (e.g. a countersigned or
authentication stamped entry into the log book, a certificate of attendance or a results page). A
page summarising all CPD activities, including those of an informal nature, should be maintained.
15.
The full implementation of instructors demonstrating currency through CPD will take 3
years. The process can be started immediately and previously completed CPD activity,
appropriately logged, is permitted. Undertaking CPD should be seen as good practice and should
be encouraged.
16.
Appendix 2 gives case studies showing how a variety of activities can lead to the validation
of qualifications.
Summary
17.
Army Cadet AT and OCP must follow the trend that is being set in both the military and
civilian world for instructors to demonstrate their currency and validity of qualification in each of the
disciplines they are qualified in. The system outlined above will permit revalidation of both NGB
and Joint Service awards.
18.
It is not the intention to make the process an onerous one but one that will be easily
achievable by instructors who are active in their respective disciplines.
19.
Understanding, and attention to, the CPD process is essential; letting things drift may result
hurried attempts to catch up which could well result in qualifications lapsing.
20.
Responsibility for checking the validity and currency of AT qualifications lies with the ACF
County Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander. This can be delegated to the RATO.
21.
Advice about the validity of a CPD activity and additional verification, if required, can be
obtained from the Training Safety Adviser (TSA) or the Cadet AT Adviser.
Appendix:
1.
2.
Potential CPD Activities for Leaders/Instructors/Coaches
Meeting the Validation Target – Case Studies
Amdt 1
2C-3
Intentionally blank
2C-4
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX C
TO SECTION 2
POTENTIAL CPD ACTIVITIES FOR LEADERS/INSTRUCTORS/COACHES
Ser
(a)
1
Activity
(b)
A New Higher Level Qualification Training or
Assessment course
Value in 3 Years
(c)
4 units
Comment
(d)
Discipline Specific - will re-validate lesser awards in same activity.
1-2 Units
May count towards other areas e.g. MIC counts towards skiing and IML – snow
pack and avalanches, winter mountain weather, etc.
2
Initial qualification
4 Units
Discipline specific.
3
Revalidation Courses
4 Units
Discipline specific.
4
Obtaining NGB Course
Provider/Director/Assessor/Tutor status
4 Units
Discipline specific.
5
Preparing for assessment
2 Units
This assumes that the assessment is to be taken soon.
6
Refresher courses
2 Units max per event
Run by outside organisations e.g. MLTA events for SPA, WGL and ML; BCU
events.
7
CCAT Instructors’ Conference
2 Units available
annually
1 unit - discipline specific; 1 unit - generic or ‘Corporate Norming’.
8
Corporate Norming events
2 Units max per year
Usually arranged by organisations to ensure that their staff are ‘up to speed’ on
latest developments, e.g. 5 Div AT Seminar, County or Contingent AT Staff
training/workshops, AMI or BAIML AGMs, Outdoor Centre Staff workshops.
9
Workshops
1-2 Units per event
depending upon
duration
NGB, MLTA, LEA, etc. Cannot present the same workshop twice in 3 years; a
variety of topics is to be covered.
May be specific e.g. short roping on mixed ground, or generic e.g. white water
rescue technician covers paddlesports and mountain leading.
10
Full time outdoor activity courses
2 Units per 3 months
e.g. FE college courses, National Centre ‘fast-track’ instructor courses.
11
Part time outdoor activity courses
1 Unit per 3 months
For part time courses lasting 9 months or more assuming a one day/evening a
week attendance, e.g. evening classes, Open University (OU) and National
Executive Council (NEC) courses.
2C1-1
Ser
(a)
12
2-5 day course
13
Recceing a new area/venue
14
Activity
(b)
Observing an NGB training or assessment course.
Value in 3 Years
(c)
1-2 Units depending
upon duration
Comment
(d)
Wide variety of courses e.g. King George VI Memorial Leadership (KGVI)
Course, ACF Area Commanders Course, CCF Contingent Commanders
Course, Mountain Medicine, Expedition Leadership and Management. Some
parts of sports coaching courses may be acceptable e.g. Prevention and
Treatment of Injury, Working with Children, Child Protection.
½ Unit – 2 Units
Depending upon
location
Produce an overview and Risk Assessment for the area plus Log Book entry.
1-2 Units
Depends upon the length of time engaged in observation.
Recceing a new crag is very different from recceing a new mountain area
abroad.
e.g. a CCAT or National Centre course.
See Appendix 2 to Annex K for Policy for NGB holders Observing CCAT
Courses.
15
Shadowing courses as above
1-2 Units
Depends upon the length of the course e.g. a CCAT course.
See Appendix 2 to Annex K.
16
Team teaching with a senior instructor
1-2 Units
Depends upon the length of the course.
17
More advanced first aid/mountain medicine award
1 Unit
This must be at a higher level than required to maintain your activity award e.g.
Expedition/ Wilderness/High Altitude Medicine courses.
18
Sitting on a NGB committee or panel
1 Unit annually
Log Book.
Discipline specific.
19
Researching and presenting a lecture on a new
topic
½ Unit each up to 2
Units max
Discipline specific.
20
Researching and publishing a paper/magazine
article
½ Unit each up to 2
Units max
Discipline specific.
21
Working as an instructor delivering the same
activity course
2 Units max.
Log Book.
Discipline specific.
Each course would score separately e.g. OFC, KFC, 3 Star.
22
23
Outdoor activity competitions or events
Armed forces field operations or exercises
2 Units max.
depending upon
duration of the event
2 Units max in 3 years
Log Book entries.
This includes training and preparation for events e.g. Mountain marathons,
orienteering, x-country ski races, slalom events in skiing or kayaking.
Many of the skills used on exercise and operations are directly transferable to
the world of adventurous training.
2C1-2
Ser
(a)
24
Activity
(b)
Quality Mountain Days (QMD)
Value in 3 Years
(c)
NGB minimum
stipulation. equates to
2 Units max
Comment
(d)
Log Book entries.
Get out there and do your thing as much as possible.
This list is not exhaustive and should be used as a guide - a good degree of common sense should be used in deciding what is acceptable.
The qualification should be deemed valid if the total number of CPD units is 4 or more in 3 years.
Those who only just fall short can be permitted to work alongside another instructor or under a period of observation.
All of the above activities should be recorded in adventurous activity log books. An additional log book for CPD can be maintained if
desired.
Amdt 1
2C1-3
Intentionally blank
2C1-4
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX C
TO SECTION 2
MEETING THE VALIDATION TARGET – CASE STUDIES
Ser
Case Study
Log Book over last 3 Years and CPD unit values
CPD Units
Total
Remarks
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1
Male aged 53 was one of the
first to hold the SPA. He
uses two local crags and a
climbing wall to deliver
climbing sessions. He has
not undertaken any refresher
training or climbed since an
accident.
2
3
Female aged 42, recently
qualified as a WGL.
Undertakes walking trips with
her family and has become a
DofE Safety Supervisor.
Male holds the ASL and
instructs skiing for 6 days
once a year. Attends a dry
slope for 3 or 4 sessions
prior to skiing on snow. He
has been skiing for 30 years.
• 17 days outdoor instruction.
2 units max SPA
• 22 sessions indoor wall instruction.
1 unit SPA
SPA –
units
3
Techniques have evolved a lot in 8
years. He needs to do refresher
training by attending a workshop
or shadowing another SPA to
make up for the lack of personal
climbing. Is he still fit enough to
conduct rescues?
• 6 routes climbed 2 years ago.
• Qualified as a WGL 6 months ago.
4 units WGL
• Total of 23 day walks with family in
moorland type terrain.
2 units WGL
• Supervised 3 Bronze and 2 Silver
expeditions.
2 units WGL
• 2 day DofE Safety Supervisor’s
Course.
2 units WGL
• 18 days instruction in 5 different
resorts.
• 10 two hour dry ski slope sessions.
• Revalidation of award last winter.
2 units
2 units
4 units
2B2-1
Invalid award.
WGL - 10
ASL –
units
Valid award well above the
minimum requirement – a good
mixture of personal, group and
formal course.
8
A valid award despite no personal
snow skiing. He is undertaking
the activity by instructing and
skiing with his group.
Ser
Case Study
Log Book over last 3 Years and CPD unit values
CPD Units
Total
Remarks
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
4
Female aged 22, a former
cadet now an SI. She has
left university, where she was
a very keen paddler. A BCU
3 Star and Level 1 Coach
both under the old scheme,
has not upgraded to the new
award. Last paddled or
coached 10 months ago.
• Achieved Level 1 Coach status 2
years ago.
L1 Coach 7
• Coached 6 introductory courses but
not in the last 12 months.
1 unit L1 Coach
Appears to be a valid award. Of
concern – she has done no
paddling for 10 months since
moving away. She is young and
inexperienced so skills may not be
embedded. There may well be
skill fade and it would be wise to
team her up with another
instructor for a day to start with.
Male, who is qualified as an
ML, SPA and more recently
as an Alpine Ski Leader.
Personally active mostly in
rock climbing on multi-pitch
mountain crags, ice climbs
and skis in winter.
• 18 Multi-pitch rock routes in mountains
summer and winter.
2 units ML and SPA
ML - 8
2 units ML
SPA - 9
1 units ML
ASL - 7½
Valid awards well above the
minimum required due to being
very active and attending
workshops and formal events.
5
4 units L1 Coach
• 18 river descents up to grade 3.
2 units L1 Coach
• Worked 2 SMP courses for CCAT.
• 7 days DofE group supervision
outdoors.
Relatively little SPA group
supervision on an outdoor crag.
• 44 Single pitch routes.
2 units SPA
• 5 evenings group supervision on MCT
and climbing wall.
1 unit SPA
• Attended one day MLTA workshop on
belaying.
1 unit SPA
• 6 day ski holiday.
1½ units ASL
• Qualified as an ASL.
4 units ASL and 1
unit for all others
• Attended 2 CCAT Instructor Training
Conferences (1 day ‘Corporate
Norming’, 1 day SPA, 1 day ML).
1 unit for all; 1 unit
SPA & 1 unit ML
2B2-2
Note that some activities count for
more than one award, e.g. ASL
has a very strong coaching and
teaching element, therefore one
unit applies to all qualifications.
Ser
Case Study
Log Book over last 3 Years and CPD unit values
CPD Units
Total
Remarks
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
6
Male aged 56 used to live in
the Peak District but now
lives in SE England.
Qualified as an ML, WML
and SPA. Only able to travel
to Scotland to climb one
week every February; trains
cadets for the 1Ten0 Tors;
and uses the County Mobile
Climbing Tower.
• 11 days winter climbing in Scotland.
2 units ML, WML and
SPA
• 5 days winter mountain walking.
1 unit ML and WML
• 16 days leading groups on Dartmoor.
2 units ML
• 5 days Mobile Climbing Tower.
1 unit SPA
Female aged 36 holds the
ML and IML. She leads treks
for a trekking company in her
holidays and takes cadets
mountain walking in
Snowdonia and the Lake
District.
•
7
WML - 3
Only valid in ML.
ML - 5
WML and SPA need additional
QMDs, or CPD e.g. MLTA
workshop, shadowing another
instructor on an outdoor crag, an
SPA refresher course, observe a
CCAT BRC course, etc.
SPA - 3
Activities for a higher award
automatically count towards the
lower awards i.e. WML and ML
Has led treks to Tour du Mont Blanc,
Machu Pichu and Kilimanjaro – total
44 days.
2 units IML counted
twice (see notes)
•
Attended the BAIML 2 day AGM twice.
4 units ML and IML
•
Completed a Wilderness Medicine
Course.
2 units ML and IML
•
Took a 12 week night school course in
Swahili.
2 units IML
•
20 days leading cadets on mountain
walking in the UK.
ML
-
ML - 12
2 units ML
2B2-3
8
Valid awards. Well above the
minimum requirement. Diverse
activities count towards CPD e.g.
languages counts towards the
IML.
Working as a trek leader in new or
demanding environments will also
count as personal QMDs.
Ser
Case Study
Log Book over last 3 Years and CPD unit values
CPD Units
Total
Remarks
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
8
Geography teacher holds the
ML and leads pupils on field
trips into the hills. Takes
cadets away two weekends a
year hillwalking and high
level camping.
• 10 days hillwalking with cadets.
2 units ML
• 12 days field trips into the hills e.g.
Cwm Idwal, Castleton.
1 unit ML
A valid award. Leading groups in
demanding terrain can count
towards QMDs.
1 unit ML
The field trips will only be short
days with a lot of static fieldwork
so cannot be classed as QMDs.
• Researched the alpine flora of
Snowdonia, produced a short lecture
and trained other teachers in
recognising it.
ML - 4½
units
The research project and
instructional session added an
extra unit which made the award
valid.
• 3 Quality Mountain Days.
½ unit ML
9
Experienced cave leader has
done no caving in three
years or led any trips. His
level of knowledge and
experience allowed him to
pass his triennial
revalidation.
• One day revalidating award.
4 units
CL –
units
4
A valid award.
The lack of personal or group trips
underground should be of
concern. Whilst he has
revalidated the award it may be a
pass at the lower end of the range.
2B2-4
SECTION 3 – AT AND OCP ACTIVITIES IN DETAIL
AT activities
3002. The details of commonly undertaken AT activities in which CFAVs and cadets take part are
given in Annexes A to F to this Manual. Details include NGBs, training progression and
Leader/Instructor/Coach qualifications, as follows:
a.
Annex A – Rock Climbing and Abseiling.
b.
Annex B – Mountain Walking and Expeditions.
c.
Annex C – Inland Kayaking and Open Canoeing.
d.
Annex D– Caving and Mine Exploration.
e.
Annex E – Skiing.
f.
Annex F – AT activities within the ACF and CCF (Army):
(1)
Sailing.
(2)
Diving (sub-aqua).
(3)
Parachuting.
(4)
Paragliding.
(5)
Hang Gliding.
Other Challenge Pursuits (OCP)
3003. There are various other activities which can be undertaken by cadets but are classed as
OCP. Many are listed in Annexes L, M and N. This listing is not intended to be exhaustive.
a. Annex L – Other Challenge Pursuits.
b. Annex M – Mountain Biking.
c. Annex N – Snowboarding.
Annex:
A.
Rock Climbing and Abseiling.
B.
Mountaineering and Expeditions.
C.
Kayaking and Canoeing (Paddlesports).
D.
Caving and Mine Exploration.
E.
Skiing.
F.
Minority Authorised AT activities within the ACF and CCF (Army Sections).
G-K. Spare.
L.
OCP.
M.
Mountain Biking, Off-road Cycling and Leisure Cycling.
N.
Snowboarding.
3-1
Intentionally blank
3-2
ANNEX A TO
SECTION 3
ROCK CLIMBING AND ABSEILING
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in rock climbing activities.
Ser
Term
Definition
(a)
1
(b)
Single Pitch
Crags
(c)
Able to be climbed using a single rope length without intermediate stances and
described as a single pitch in the guide book. May be belayed from the ground,
or from the top of the crag.
2
Multi Pitch
Where the climb is split into a number of intermediate stances.
3
Climbing Walls
and Towers
May be Service owned, run by a commercial company or owned by an ACF or
CCF unit. Maybe indoor or outdoor.
4
Mobile Climbing
Towers
These can be transported on a trailer and erected at a chosen site. Many have
an Automatic Belay Device allowing climbers to be lowered to the ground
without the need for belaying.
5
Climbing Grades
All recognised rock climbs are graded with the level of difficulty, starting at
Moderate and moving through Difficult, Very Difficult, Severe, Very Severe, Hard
Very Severe and a number of levels of Extreme. Overseas grades vary.
6
Publications
Rock Climbing by Libby Peter. The official handbook of the SPA and MIA
schemes.
Climbing Rock booklet by the British Mountaineering Council (BMC), ideal for
beginners.
Most climbing areas have a Guide Book giving details of climbs, grades, access
etc. The British Mountaineering Council ( BMC) website gives details.
6
National
Governing
Bodies
Home nation mountaineering councils represent the interests of climbers in the
UK: While the BMC represents England, the other nations are represented by:
MC of Scotland (MCS), MC of Wales (MCW) and MC of Ireland (MCI).
The Mountain Leader Training Board United Kingdom (MLTUK) sponsors the
Mountain Instructor scheme. Mountain Leader Training
England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland sponsors the Climbing Wall Award
and Single Pitch Award training schemes for those leading and supervising
groups of novices.
Training progression
2.
The content is not mandatory and is included to give ideas of what might be done. Much
will depend on the ability of the cadets and the experience of the instructor.
Ser
Stage
(a)
1
(b)
Introduction
(c)
Introduction to climbing. Abseiling. Top roped climbing. Climbing outdoors or on
indoor walls or towers. May be conducted locally by a CWA, SPA or RLT
2
Foundation
Undertake further experience, building up a foundation skill set.
3
Proficiency
Attend a week long Basic Rock Climbing Course at CCAT or locally. Climbing on
single pitch crags under supervision.
4
Advanced.
Attend a Rock Climbing Proficiency Course at CCAT. Continue climbing,
including multi-pitch after the RCP.
5
Instructor
When eligible attend a Rock Leader Training (RLT) course at JSMTC, or CWA or
SPA training at CCAT or at a civilian centre. Continue gaining experience.
Amdt 1
Suggested Content
3A-1
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
The Joint Service Mountain Training Centre run courses at their Training Wings for Rock
Climbing and are listed in JSP 419. The basic qualification is the JS Rock Climbing Leader.
Ser
Stage
(a)
1
(b)
Proficiency
(c)
Experience of a variety of rock climbing activities including abseiling, single and
multi pitch climbs and indoor climbing walls or attend JS Rock Climbing
Proficiency (RCP) Course.
Leader Training
Course
5-day JS Rock Climbing Leader Training (RLT). Successful candidates may
supervise up to 3 independent top roping systems on a single pitch crag, or
separately, supervise 1 abseil stance. This qualification is valid for 3 years, after
which the candidate must re-qualify or (preferably) attend a Rock Climbing
Leader course.
2
Content
Exemption from Training Course: Considerable logged rock climbing experience,
including leading climbs graded Severe.
3
Consolidation
Period
Gain further experience, including leading climbs graded Severe.
Candidates should gain additional experience supervising abseiling and top
roping, as well as assisting qualified supervisors taking cadets climbing.
4
Leader Course
5-day JS Rock Climbing Leader (JSRCL). Successful candidates may lead
cadets in single pitch climbing, and related activities including climbing walls.
Ratio 1:1 when lead climbing.
5
Instructor
Course
Joint Services Rock Climbing Instructor (JSRCI). 5-day assessment course.
Allows holder to instruct rock climbing activities and to conduct RCP and Mobile
Climbing Tower with Auto Belay Device supervisor courses.
Ratio 1:2 when lead climbing
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
Mountain Leader Training England (MLTE) accredits “providers” to run rock climbing
supervisors courses. The basic course for climbing walls and towers is the Climbing Wall Award.
The basic course for outdoor climbing is the Single Pitch Award. All candidates must be members
of the BMC and are required to register with the MLTE prior to attending a training course, when
they will be issued with a log book. The progression is given below:
Climbing Wall Award:
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
(c)
For Climbing Wall Award (CWA). Have at least 6 months experience on at
least 3 walls (one a large public wall); a minimum of 15 sessions and be able to
lead indoors.
2
Registration
Registration with a national mountain training board e.g. MLTE for the WGLA
scheme. Candidates need to be a member of a national mountaineering council
e.g. BMC or affiliated club.
3
Training Course
CWA Training Course. Usually a three day course:
Module 1 – 2 days covering technical competence, wall etiquette and principles
of supervision for bottom roped climbing.
Module 2 – 1 one day covering top access and abseiling mostly used on towers.
Attendance on the CWA Training course is not a qualification to lead
cadets, other than under supervision.
3A-2
Ser
(a)
4
Stage
(b)
Consolidation
Period
Content
(c)
Logged sessions covering a minimum of 15 additional personal climbing sessions
and 15 sessions as an assistant instructor on a variety of walls including large
public walls.
Climbing Wall Award (contd.):
Ser
(a)
5
6
Stage
Content
(b)
Qualifying
Course
(c)
CWA Assessment. A two day course covering both modules testing
competence in all areas of the syllabus.
Further
Qualifications
Single Pitch Award (SPA). See below.
Single Pitch Award:
1
Pre-course
Requirement
Have 12 months Rock Climbing experience including leading at least 15 graded
routes. The basics of rock climbing can be learned on a Basic Rock Climbing or
RCP course at CCAT.
2
Registration
Registration with a national mountain training board e.g. MLTE for the WGLA
scheme. Candidates need to be a member of a national mountaineering council
e.g. BMC or affiliated club.
3
Training Course
Single Pitch Award (SPA) Training. A 2-day course covering technical
competence, knowledge of the climbing environment, and principles of
supervision. Attendance on the SPA Training Course is not a qualification to
lead cadets, other than under supervision.
4
Consolidation
Period
At least 6 months spent climbing at a wide range of venues, both as an individual
and when assisting the supervision of others. The candidate should be able to
lead at Severe and have a minimum of 40 logged graded climbs.
5
Qualifying
Course
SPA Assessment. A 2-day course, testing competence in all areas of the
syllabus. Successful candidates may lead parties on single pitch climbing and
related activities in the UK, including climbing walls and towers.
6
Further
Qualifications
Mountain Instructor Award (Summer) (MIA(S)). A 9-day training course
followed by a consolidation period and then a 4-day assessment course. Covers
multi-pitch climbing in summer conditions and other mountain related activities,
including instructing and assessing SPA candidates, and running site specific
climbing wall courses.
5.
Mobile Climbing Towers (MCT) with auto belay device. There are an increasing
number of such towers in operation in the Army Cadet Organisation. The guidelines for operating
them are:
a.
Activities may be supervised by the holder of any of the recognised climbing
qualifications listed above.
b.
Exceptionally for use with cadets, a 4 hour course, the MCT Award, has been
devised, to be run by a current MIA or JSRCI with MCT Provider status to train supervisors.
The course covers the fitting of harnesses and helmets, belaying and basic climbing skills.
Successful attendance will qualify those without a formal climbing qualification to run
activities on this type of tower only.
(1)
The award is subject to the following caveat: the award is limited to the
specific make and model of harness and the type of karabiner used to attach the
rope to the climber.
3A-3
(2)
If over time the model and make of harnesses or type of karabiners are
changed the award becomes invalid and retraining course undertaken.
c.
6.
Details of the process can be found on the AT website.
Leader/Instructor qualifications – sponsored by HQ LF Cadets Branch
MCT Award – for supervisors
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
(c)
CFAV with an interest and some experience of climbing on artificial facilities who
wish to introduce cadets to climbing.
2
Registration
Permission to run a MCT Award course is to be sought from the Cadet AT
Adviser 6 weeks prior to the course date using the proforma contained in the
MCT Award Course Training Plan (CTP).
3
Training and
Assessment
Course
MCT Award Course. Usually a 4 hour course run with the MCT Erection and
Dismantling Course that is delivered by the MCT manufacturers:
The MCT Award Course trains and assesses candidates in their personal
climbing, equipment, basic climbing coaching, problem solving and management
of a group.
Attendance on the MCT Award Course is not a qualification to supervise on
any other artificial climbing facility other than the MCT on which they were
trained.
4
Maintenance of
the MCT Award
The MCT Award is only valid on the MCT and with the equipment the training
was given. It is null and void if the equipment is changed for different makes and
styles of harness or type of karabiner.
The CPD Policy Section 2 Annex C of this Manual applies.
MCT Provider Award – for trainers of supervisors
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
(c)
Must hold at least civilian MIA or JSRCI.
2
Registration
Permission to run a MCT Provider Course is to be sought from the Cadet AT
Adviser 6 weeks prior to the course date using the proforma contained in the
MCT Provider Course Training Plan (CTP).
Only approved Course Director can deliver the course. Approved Course Director
status is given by the Cadet AT Adviser.
3
4
Training and
Assessment
Course
Moderation of
Courses
MCT Provider Course. Usually a 4 hour course run that only deals with how to
train and assess MCT Award courses:
The MCT Provider Course covers all aspects of the MCT Award course covering
the issues concerned at a greater depth using both practical and theoretical
approaches. Course reporting is also covered.
As part of the quality assurance process MCT Providers can expect to undergo a
moderation visit by the Cadet AT Adviser on courses that they deliver
3A-4
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres, Cadet AT Adviser
Activity/Exercise: ROCK CLIMBING/ABSEILING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
Generic Risk Assessment:
A: AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11
B: JSP 419
C: JSP 535
Yes/No
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Supervisor control at top of crag.
Restriction on numbers at crag top.
Additional supervision depending on numbers.
Briefing on safe access routes to/from crag top.
No soloing.
No ‘bat hangs’ when bouldering.
Yes
1
2
Rock
Climbing
Falls from crag while
un-roped.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Rock
Climbing
Injury due to incorrect
wearing or use of
equipment.
1. Training and supervision of use of equipment.
2. Instructor to check harnesses after ‘toilet breaks’.
3. All participants to be encouraged to conduct their
own visual and physical checks.
Yes
3
Rock
Climbing
Injury due to equipment
failure.
1.
2.
Yes
4
Rock
Climbing
Injury from falling objects.
1. Wearing of helmets at all times. Restrictions on
numbers at crag foot.
2. Established safe area for waiting, lunch, etc.
3. Briefing on not dislodging rocks, etc.
4. Supervision.
5
6
Rock
Climbing
Head injury from striking
rock during climbing/
abseiling.
1.
Rock
Climbing
Back injury from poorly
fitting harness.
1.
2.
Visual inspection of equipment prior to and after use.
Maintain maintenance and inspection record.
Yes
Wearing of helmets.
Yes
Use of up to date equipment.
Supervision while fitting harness.
3A1-1
Yes
Ser
(a)
7
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
(b)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
(c)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
(d)
(e)
Rock
Climbing
(contd.)
Falls from crag due to
belay failure/incorrect
belay techniques.
1. All belay systems to be checked by Supervisor prior
to use and periodically thereafter.
2. Belayer to be fully briefed and rehearsed.
3. Supervisor to be in visual contact with all belayers at
all times.
Yes
Group
Abseiling
Trapped fingers/hair in
abseil device.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Rings etc. to be removed.
Long hair tied back.
Loose clothing restrained.
Releasable abseil system to be used.
Yes
9
Group
Abseiling
Friction burns due to high
speed descent.
1.
2.
Safety rope used to control descent.
Briefing of climber to moderate speed.
Yes
10
Rock
Climbing
Climber “cragfast”.
(i.e. climber unable to
climb up or descend)
1.
2.
Supervisor practiced in rescue techniques.
Select routes to prevent problem.
Rock
Climbing
Soft tissue injuries .
1. Warm ups and stretch exercises prior to climbing.
Warm down on completion.
2. Route selection within ability of group.
Yes
Rock
Climbing
Hypothermia.
Hyperthermia.
Sun burn.
1. Adequate and appropriate clothing to be worn.
2. Availability of hot and cold drinks.
3. Suitable diet.
4. Select venue where shelter from sun, wind or poor
weather is available.
5. Use of sun screen.
6. Group shelter (KISU) available.
7. Check weather forecast.
Yes
8
11
12
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3A1-2
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(f)
(g)
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Activity/Exercise: CLIMBING WALLS/TOWERS
References/Publications:
A: AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11
B: JSP 419
C: JSP 535
D. Climbing wall DIN
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
Generic Risk Assessment:
Yes/No
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
(a)
1
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Climbing
Staff ability.
1. CWA or RLT min for bottom roping.
2. CWA + Module 2, SPA or RLT for top access/abseiling – one per
stance.
3. JSRCI/MIA for multi-pitch or teaching of leading.
Yes
2
Climbing
Cadets.
1. Keep routes well within ability of all cadets - coach technique in order
to prevent injuries - see below.
Yes
3
Climbing
Equipment failing or
being fitted
incorrectly.
1. Qualified instructor.
2. Harnesses to be checked before start and after going to toilet by
instructor. Knots to be checked.
3. All equipment maintained and inspected before and after use - rope
log to be maintained; suspect equipment being marked and removed
from service.
4. Equipment to be inspected during use. e.g. orientation of belay plates
and karabiners, screw-gates done up, etc.
5. All participants briefed on equipment, told to conduct their own
checks/safety checks and to report anything that may need to be
checked.
6. Correct instructor/student ratio.
Yes
4
Climbing
Falling objects.
Descending
climbers.
1. Wearing of helmets at instructor’s discretion. If worn helmets to be
correctly fitted and safe area to be designated where helmets can be
taken off.
2. Wearing of helmets at instructor’s discretion. If worn helmets to be
correctly fitted and safe area to be designated where helmets
3A2-1
Ser
(a)
4
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
can be taken off.
3. Climbing calls, belaying and lowering-off drills to be practiced prior to
the start of the session.
4. Briefing on dangers in the ‘drop zone’.
5. Access to first aid kit.
Yes
Climbing
(contd.)
Falling objects.
Descending
climbers.
5
Climbing
Falls.
1. All cadets to receive a safety brief before commencement of climbing
on holding a fall and lowering-off.
2. No ‘bat hangs’ permitted on lead below the third runner.
6
Climbing
Automatic Belay
Devices.
3. Instruction in how to ‘jump off’ – use feet to push off wall, no sliding
down.
4. Helmets not to be worn unless issued with a safety release harness.
5. No climbing off-route or above ABD.
6. No one standing in the ‘drop zone’.
7
Climbing
Bouldering.
1. Warm-up, cool down and coaching to prevent injuries.
2. Spotters to assist landings by climber.
3. No harnesses to be worn.
4. Use only designated bouldering areas.
5. No solo climbing of routes.
6. No ‘bat hangs’.
7. Cadets not to use Bacchar Ladder or ladder/finger boards unless
very skilled climbers.
8
Climbing.
Student behaviour:
Messing about may
lead to accidents.
Freezing on rock
face.
Not using skills
taught.
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
1. Group management by instructor.
2. Disciplinary action against unruly cadets.
3. Instructor aware of rescue techniques for lowering off cadets.
4. All cadets until proficient must belay with another participant acting
as anchor, i.e. 3 cadets to rope min.
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3A2-2
Date
18 May 2009
Yes
Yes
Yes
Signature
APPENDIX 3 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/exercise: MOBILE CLIMBING TOWER USING AUTO BELAY DEVICES Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications: A. DINs Climbing walls
Generic Risk assessment:
B. AT Handbook
C. JSP535
D. HQ Land Cadets Letter - Policy for Mobile Climbing Walls
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment process.
Ser
Activity/
Hazards
Element
Identified
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
(b)
1
Mobile
Climbing
Tower
with Auto
Belay
Devices
Setting up Tower
MCT and
ABDs
Equipment
Failure
2
(c)
Yes/No
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
1.
Only qualified Operators are to set up and take down the tower.
2.
Tower to be set up as per the manufacturer’s user manual.
3.
Personnel are not to stand under the tower whilst it is being
raised or lowered.
4.
The tower is to be set up on firm level ground.
5.
Spectators are to be kept away whilst the tower is being set up.
6.
Operators are to check for overhead clearance/obstructions.
All climbing equipment is to be inspected prior to use:
a. Helmets – special releasable harness only or should not be
worn.
b. Harness.
c. Auto belays.
d. Karabiners.
2.
Operators instructions in the use of the auto belays are to be
adhered to.
3.
Any faulty equipment is not to be used.
4.
Recording of use and maintenance.
5.
Operators to wear helmets.
Yes
1.
3A3-1
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards
Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
3
MCT and
ABDs
Minor/Major
Injury
1.
Only qualified and authorised personnel are to supervise
climbers.
2.
First aider and medical kit on site.
3.
All climbers are only to wear helmets with a safety release
harness.
4.
No free/solo climbing allowed.
5.
No ‘bat hangs’.
6.
No jewellery or loose clothing to be worn when climbing. Long
hair to be tied back.
7.
No cross over or off-route climbing allowed.
8.
Only one climber per automatic belay.
9.
All climbers receive a safety brief prior to climbing.
Yes
4
MCT and
ABDs
Climber “cragfast” or off-route
1.
2.
All climbers briefed before start.
Supervisor practiced in rescue techniques.
Yes
5
MCT and
ABDs
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia
Sun burn
1.
2.
3.
Adequate and appropriate clothing to be worn.
Availability of hot and cold drinks.
Use of sun screen, cover exposed skin.
Yes
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3A3-2
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
ANNEX B TO
SECTION 3
MOUNTAINEERING, MOUNTAIN WALKING AND EXPEDITIONS
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in mountain walking activities:
Ser
(a)
1
Term
(b)
Terrain
Definition
(c)
Terrain for walking and expeditions on foot may be defined in three categories:
Normal Country. Lowland areas which are not more than 30 minutes from a
refuge (a road accessible by a normal road-going ambulance or a permanently
inhabited building served by such a road) and less than 600 metres above sea
level.
Moorland. Open, uncultivated, non-mountainous high or remote country
enclosed by well-defined geographical or man-made boundaries, and where
movement on steep or rocky terrain, planned or unplanned is not required.
Wild Country. Mountainous areas containing steep rocky ground requiring
technical skill and exposed to harsh and unpredictable weather, where walkers
are dependent on themselves and remote from immediate help.
2
Expedition
A journey across country with a specific aim, involving overnight camping, carried
out by a self-contained group. An expedition in this context should not be
confused with an AT expedition.
3
Quality Mountain
Day
A term used to describe a successful days walking in wild country, consisting of
10 criteria. Not every item will apply to every day:
a. Instigated, planned and completed entirely or partly through own
initiative.
b.
Duration, at least 5 hours, routes demanding and challenging.
c.
Variety of terrain en route.
d.
A significant part of the route is unfamiliar.
e.
Ascent and descent by different routes.
f.
Use of map and compass necessary.
g.
Weather could have an effect on the day.
h.
Knowledge is increased or an existing skill practised.
i.
The company, or lack of it, contributes to the experience.
j.
End result is a sense of achievement, satisfaction and enjoyment
of the day.
4
Summer
Conditions
The country being walked through is free of snow and ice conditions that could
otherwise require the use of crampons and ice axe. This is not necessarily
confined to “summer” months, but could apply at any time of year.
5
Publications
Expedition Guide, written by Wally Keay and available from the Duke of
Edinburgh’s Award and bookshops. Although designed specifically for the DofE
Expedition section, the information is valid for all expedition work.
Mountaincraft and Leadership, by Eric Langmuir, produced by the Mountain
Leader Training Board. It is intended as a Handbook for those gaining
qualifications, and contains detailed information about planning, preparation and
conduct of mountain walking and expeditions.
Hill Walking by Steve Long. The official handbook of the ML and WGL Schemes
6
National
Governing Body
Mountain Leader Training England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland sponsors
the Walking Group Leader and Mountain Leader Summer training schemes for
those leading and supervising groups of novices in high country.
3B-1
Training Progression
2.
The content is not mandatory, and is included to give ideas of what might be done. Much
will depend on the ability of the cadets and the experience of the instructor.
Ser
Stage
(a)
1
(b)
Introduction
Suggested Content
(c)
Day walks in normal country or very easy moorland or very easy wild country.
Expedition Training at 1- and 2-star APC. DofE Bronze Expedition.
2
Foundation
In summer conditions in normal country, easy moorland or easy wild country
building up a foundation skill set.
3
Proficiency
Further experience to build up to attending a Summer Mountain Proficiency
course (SMP) at CCAT. 3-star Expedition. DofE Silver expedition.
4
Advanced
Walking in moorland or wild country. Expeditions in UK and overseas. DofE
Gold expedition. Introduction to Winter walking.
5
Instructor
Assist with training of cadets at Stage 1 & 2. Gain BEL. (Minimum age 18 to
qualify, but training may start earlier).
Attend Walking Group Leader Training or MLT Course/Introductory Training for
MLS at a recognised Centre (Minimum age 18).
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
The Joint Service Mountain Training Centre run courses at their Training Wings for
Summer Mountaineering and are listed in JSP 419. The basic qualification is the JS Mountain
Expedition Leader (JSMEL).
Ser
(a)
1
Stage
Content
(b)
Proficiency
(c)
JS Summer Mountain Proficiency Course (SMP) or equivalent experience. A
minimum of 20 QMDs strongly recommended.
2
Leader Training
Course
5-day JS Mountain Leader Training (MLT). Subject to Commanding Officer’s
approval, holders of MLT may lead parties of up to 6 below the snowline, in
summer conditions, in wild country with which they are familiar, and which does
not include steep ground requiring the use of hands or of a rope. Exemption
from Training Course – considerable hillwalking experience, including group
leadership.
3
Consolidation
Period
Gain experience in other mountain areas, and practice the skills learned on the
MLT. Lead groups within the limitations of the MLT. A further 20 quality
mountain days.
4
Leader Course
5-day JS Mountain Expedition Leader (Summer) – JSMEL(S). The course
will assess competence in all relevant skills. Successful candidates may lead
parties in any wild country area, including overseas, below the snowline in
summer conditions. Ratio 1:6 novices, 1:8 experienced (SMP holders)
5
Further Leader
Qualifications
Advanced JSMEL(S). 5-day course covering more advanced techniques
including graded scrambles. For courses held in Bavaria there is an optional
additional module for Klettersteigs and via Ferrata.
Mountain Expedition Leader (Winter) – JSMEL(W). A 6-day Training Course
and 5 days Assessment in Winter conditions.
Alpine Mountain Leader – JSAML. A 10-day training and assessment course
in alpine glacier terrain
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
Mountain Leader Training England (MLTE) sponsors the Walking Group Leader and the
Summer Mountain Leader schemes. Candidates for either scheme are required to register with
Amdt 1
3B-2
the MLTE prior to attending a training course, when they will be issued with a log book. The
progression is given below:
Walking Group Leader:
Ser
Stage
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
Content
2
Registration
Registration with a national mountain training board e.g. MLTE for the WGLA
scheme. Candidates need to be a member of a national mountaineering council
e.g. BMC or affiliated club.
3
Training Course
Walking Group Leader Training. A 30-hour course covering revision on basic
outdoor skills and leadership and party management skills. Exemption from
training course – attendance on ML Summer Training Course, or substantial
experience of leading parties in upland country.
4
Consolidation
Period
Advice on consolidating the training received will be given on the training
course.
5
Qualifying Course
Walking Group Leader Assessment. A course of 30 hours of contact time to
assess candidate’s competence in leading parties in moorland country.
Successful candidates may lead parties in Moorland areas in summer
conditions.
6
Further
Qualifications
Mountain Leader Summer. See below.
(c)
A minimum of 20 hillwalking days.
Mountain Leader Summer:
Ser
Stage
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
Content
2
Registration
Registration with a national mountain training board e.g. MLTE for the WGLA
scheme. Candidates need to be a member of a national mountaineering council
e.g. BMC or affiliated club.
3
Training Course
6-day Mountain Leader (Summer) training course covering technical skills and
group management techniques. Exemption from Training Course – at least 2
years recent and substantial experience leading groups in mountainous areas.
Attendance on the MLS Training course is not a qualification to lead
cadets in moorland or wild country, other than under qualified supervision.
County Commandants and Contingent Commanders can authorise its use in
normal country.
4
Consolidation
Period
Gain experience in at least 3 mountain areas, climb 30 named peaks over 600m.
At least 16 days to be spent in mountainous country including a minimum of 8
overnight camps. At least 40 logged days in total, including leading parties in
easier country.
5
Qualifying Course
5-day Mountain Leader (Summer) Assessment Course. Successful
candidates may lead groups of hill walkers anywhere in the British Isles in
summer conditions. It is also recognised as an indicator of competence in
overseas locations where the terrain, weather and rescue services are
comparable to the UK.
6
Further
Qualifications
Winter Mountain Leader Award (WML). For holders of MLS. A 6-day training
course, followed by 5 days assessment after consolidation.
(c)
A minimum of 20 QMDs.
International Mountain Leader Award (IML). For those who hold the MLA
(Summer), have a minimum of 20 logged summer international QMDs and 20
winter QMDs (UK or international). Candidates must have registered for the IML
scheme with MLTUK. Complete a 5-day training course and IML speed
navigation test; a 5 day winter training course in the European Alps; a
3B-3
Ser
Stage
(a)
(b)
Content
(c)
consolidation period of an additional 10 summer and 10 winter international
QMDs; 4-day summer and 4 day winter assessment courses held in European
Mountain Leader Summer (contd.):
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
6
(b)
(c)
Alps must be passed before the IML is awarded. The IML is a professional
award which requires membership of BAIML, insurance and the issue of a
carnet before the award is valid. The IML covers Alpine walking, and is valid
worldwide summer and winter for walking in mountains abroad below the
permanent snowline on routes with little or no technical difficulty. Operating in
jungle or desert environments requires additional qualifications/experience. For
full details see the MLTUK and BAIML websites.
Further
Qualifications
Mountain Instructor Award and Certificate. An advanced qualification
covering a full range of mountaineering skills.
3B-4
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX B
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation:
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: SUMMER HILLWALKING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications: A: AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11.
Generic Risk Assessment:
B: JSP 419.
C: JSP535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions.
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards
Element
Identified
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
(b)
1
Hillwalking
2
3
4
5
Hillwalking
Hillwalking
Hillwalking
Hillwalking
(c)
Yes/No
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Adverse
weather
conditions
1. Instructor to carry emergency gear.
2. Cadets to carry foul weather clothing,
3. Use of foul weather alternative routes based on up to date
weather forecasts.
4. Sufficient instructor to student ration.
Terrain: Slips
and trips leading
to serious injury
or death
1. Training in walking skills and briefing on crossing terrain as
required.
2. Correct route selection.
3. Correct footwear worn.
4. First aider with group with first aid kit.
Getting lost
1.
2.
3.
Training in navigation.
Briefing on “lost drills”.
Search plans made and available.
1.
2.
3.
Instructor vigilance.
Challenge matched to ability of participants.
Suitable diet (High energy to offset fatigue and hyperthermia.)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Training and briefing.
Correct equipment and clothing.
Sunscreen, sunhat, sun glasses/warm hat and gloves.
Recognition of symptoms.
Instructor to carry emergency gear.
KISU carried.
Exhaustion
Effects of heat
and cold. Hypoand
hyperthermia
3B1-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards
Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
6
Hillwalking
(contd.)
Blisters
Hillwalking
7
8
9
Hillwalking
Hillwalking
1.
2.
3.
Correctly fitting boots and appropriate quality socks.
Preparation of feet.
Effective treatment.
Yes
Roads and
traffic
1.
2.
3.
Training in correct procedures.
Use of Hi-Vis clothing if necessary.
Avoidance of potentially dangerous roads.
Yes
Benightment
i.e. overtaken by
nightfall
1.
2.
3.
4.
Realistic route plan.
Navigation training.
Carry bivvy bag or other shelter.
Torches, spare batteries and bulbs carried.
Yes
Very steep
ground or crags
1. Planned avoidance unless accompanied by qualified
supervisor.
2. Instructor to carry rope.
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3B1-2
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX B
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: UK WINTER HILL/MOUNTAIN WALKING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
A:
B:
C:
D:
AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11
Generic Risk Assessment:
JSP 419
JSP 535
Avalanche Reports and Weather Forecasts
Yes/No
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual Risk
Acceptable
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
1. Participants to wear 4 season boots with crampons as
appropriate.
2. First aid kit carried by qualified instructor.
3. Distribute equipment amongst group.
4. Briefing of hazards on route.
5. Routes to be modified given the prevailing weather, mountain
and snow conditions.
6. Rope to be carried by instructor.
7. Ensure axe carried when walking.
Yes
1. All members of the party to carry ice axes and crampons.
2. Helmets to be worn during training.
3. Crampons to be removed during training.
4. Use short axes to reduce risk.
5. Select an appropriate and safe slope.
6. Clients to be assessed for ability to self arrest using ice axe.
7. Appropriate rope and belaying techniques to be used and
taught to secure individuals lacking confidence or skill.
Yes
1
2
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Terrain: Slips and
trips leading to
serious injury or
death
Teaching self-arrest
techniques: risk of
impalement and
facial injuries
3B2-1
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Risk of avalanche
and burial leading to
serious injuries and
death.
1. Route planned to avoid anticipated avalanche risk areas.
2. Assess local snow pack conditions.
3. Briefing on how crossing avalanche prone areas and what to
do in the event of avalanche.
4. Participants to carry an avalanche transceiver, shovel and
probe if the excursion is under heavy snow cover, an extended
trip into remote country or using snow holes.
5. All participants to practice working as a team locating, and
retrieving buried transceivers.
6. Instructor to check that each participant’s transceiver is worn
correctly and is transmitting before beginning the walk.
Yes
Yes
3
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Items 4-6 can be
ignored in light snow
conditions or if
planned routes avoid
all avalanche risk
areas.
4
5
6
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Equipment
Failure of crampons.
Incorrectly sized,
adjusted or poorly
maintained
equipment leading to
trips and falls.
1. Equipment to be correctly sized and adjusted and to be in
satisfactory state of repair.
2. Checked prior to departure.
3. Clients to check their own and others’ equipment reporting
problems when seen.
4. Instructor to carry basic crampon repair kit i.e. spare
crampon strap, wire, cable ties, spanner, allen keys, etc.
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Weather:
Inclement; snow
blindness/loss of
visibility/hypothermia/
affects of strong
wind.
1. Daily weather/snow reports used to plan routes and
descents.
2. Map and compass carried by each participant.
3. Students properly equipped – e.g. goggles/sun glasses.
4. KISU carried.
Winter
Mountain
Walking
Physical Exertion:
Dehydration; risk of
cardio/respiratory
problems; previous
injuries deteriorate.
1. Participants with existing injuries/conditions identified before
activity.
2. Hot drink, water and food carried by all.
3. Instructor First Aid qualified.
4. Routes planned and adjusted during day dependent upon
group ability/fitness levels.
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Position
Cadet AT Adviser
3B2-2
Date
18 May 2009
Yes
Yes
Signature
APPENDIX 3 TO ANNEX B
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: EXPEDITIONS ON FOOT
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
A:
B:
C:
D:
AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11
Generic Risk Assessment:
JSP 419
JSP 535
Expedition Guide (Duke of Edinburgh's Award)
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards
Element
Identified
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
(b)
1
Expedition
2
3
4
5
Expedition
Expedition
Expedition
Expedition
(c)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Adverse
weather
conditions
1. Instructor to carry emergency gear inc. Group shelter (KISU).
2. Cadets to carry foul weather clothing.
3. Use of foul weather alternative routes based on up to date weather
forecasts.
4. Sufficient instructor to student ratio.
Injuries from
trips and falls
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Training in walking skills.
Correct footwear worn.
Briefing on crossing hazards as they are reached.
First aider with group with first aid kit.
Consider using trekking poles.
Getting lost
1.
2.
3.
Training in navigation.
Briefing on “lost drills”.
Search plans made and available.
Exhaustion
Hypothermia/
Heat
exhaustion
1. Instructor vigilance.
2. Challenge matched to ability of participants.
3. Suitable diet (High energy to prevent onset of fatigue and
hypothermia).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Yes/No
Training and briefing.
Correct equipment and clothing.
Recognition of symptoms.
Instructor to carry emergency gear.
Sunscreen.
3B3-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards
Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
5
Expedition
(Contd)
Hypothermia/
Heat
exhaustion
6.
7.
Carry sufficient water.
Check weather forecast.
Expedition
Blisters
1.
2.
3.
Correctly fitting boots and appropriate quality socks.
Preparation of feet.
Effective treatment.
6
7
Expedition
Yes
Burns and
scalds while
cooking
1. Students fully trained in safe procedures for the use of stoves.
2. Fuel carried in approved container.
3. Students fully trained on the correct refuelling procedures.
4. Students briefed on the appropriate locations to use stoves and that
in bright sunlight flames can be difficult to see.
5. Students checked on competence to use stoves.
Yes
Yes
8
Expedition
Fire in tent
1.
Training in avoiding naked flames in/near tents
Yes
9
Expedition
Food
Poisoning
1.
2.
3.
Training in hygiene and thorough cooking of food.
Avoidance of rapidly perishable food.
Treat or boil all water obtained from streams.
Yes
10
Expedition
Illness – Lyme
Disease
1.
2.
3.
4.
Avoid tick bites – wear trousers.
Conduct full body search for ticks.
Briefing on effects of Lyme Disease.
Instructor to carry tick removers.
11
Expedition
Back injury
due to load
carrying
5.
6.
7.
Check on weight carried.
Correctly fitting rucksack, adjusted as necessary
Training in load packing and carrying.
Roads and
traffic
1.
2.
Training in correct procedures. Use of Hi-Vis clothing if necessary.
Avoidance of potentially dangerous roads.
12
Expedition
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3B3-2
Yes
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
ANNEX C TO
SECTION 3
KAYAKING AND CANOEING (PADDLESPORTS)
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in paddlesports activities:
Ser
(a)
1
Term
(b)
Paddlesports
Definition
(c)
A generic term covering activities in:
Closed cockpit kayak (CCK) both inland and sea.
Open canoe (sometimes called “Canadian”).
2
Grades of Water
Grades of water have been defined as shown below:
Very Sheltered Water
Quiet canals with easy bank side access and egress; small lakes, which are not
large enough, and do not have difficult landing areas for problems to occur it
there is a sudden change in conditions; specified sites on gentle, slow moving
rivers. The definition implies weather conditions which are not in themselves
likely to cause problems. Care must be exercised when water temperatures are
low.
Sheltered Water
Flat water rivers, faster flowing, but not involving the shooting of, or playing on
weirs or running rapids. Discretion and common sense must apply when
considering the use of lakes/lochs. To operate further than 200 metres from
shore on a large lake can be a serious undertaking. To paddle in offshore
breezes on large lakes requires the same degree of caution as for the sea.
Water temperature (especially in Scottish lochs) must always be a
consideration. Suitable lagoons or sections of sheltered bays of larger lakes can
sometimes be designated “Sheltered” or even ‘Very Sheltered’ water by careful
and sensible selection. The definition implies normal conditions. Care must be
exercised when water temperatures are low.
Sheltered Tidal Water
Small enclosed bays, where there is minimal possibility of being blown offshore;
enclosed harbours, where there is minimal possibility of being blown offshore;
defined beaches (a short section of beach with easy landing throughout, no tide
races or over falls beyond the beach), in conditions in which swimmers and
beach craft could be happily operating, winds not above Force 3 (Force 2 if
offshore when greatest of caution must be exercised); the upper reaches of
some suitable, slow moving estuaries during neap tides. In all cases the wind
and weather conditions must be favourable.
Moderate Water – Inland Water
Large areas of open water which exceed the sheltered water definition, that are
no more than 500m off shore and in wind strengths that do not exceed Force 4.
Moderate Water – White Water
Grade 2 White Water or equivalent weirs. (This is extended to Grade 2(3) when
using White Water spec Kayaks).
Moderate Water – Tidal/Sea
Moderate Tidal Water/Sea – The definition involves: A stretch of coastline or
estuary in close proximity to the shore, with available landings at every 1-2
miles/1 hour and areas where it is not easy to land. Up to a maximum of 2 knots
tide but not involving, tidal races, or overfalls, winds not above Force 4 Beaufort
sea state 4 (if offshore the greatest of caution must be exercised), or the upper
reaches of some estuaries; launching and landing through moderate surf.
Moderate Water – Surf
Beaches that are free of significant hazards (strong rips or undertow, tidal
streams, rocks or groynes). An area of beach must be marked out to contain the
group and prevent any loss of communication. The area selected must not
interfere with other beach users – swimmers and surfers in particular; small to
3C-1
Ser
(a)
2
Term
Definition
(b)
Grades of Water
(contd.)
(c)
moderate waves – 3 feet maximum.
Measurement of surf; The “surfers” measurement is used throughout both this
document and the BCU awards in surf. This is also used by surf forecasts
obtained from telephone surf lines, the internet or wave buoys. It is in feet and
refers to the ride-able mid section of the wave, not the peak to trough height.
Advanced Water:
All water offering more difficulty than above.
3
Expeditions
Canoe expeditions offer a challenging alternative to expeditions on foot. They
will normally be undertaken in open canoes, with personal and camping gear
stowed in watertight drums and placed aboard the canoe. Many rivers and
canals can be paddled for quite long stretches, and campsites next to the river
can usually be negotiated.
4
Swimming Ability
and NonSwimmers
JSP 535 gives advice on how non-swimmers should be managed during
paddlesport activities.
5
Publications
The BCU produces The Canoeing Handbook, a comprehensive guide to the
sport, a number of leaflets about various aspects of the BCU, the opportunities
for participation, a list of approved Centres, as well as a magazine Canoe
Focus.
The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award Expedition Guide gives useful information for
those planning canoe expeditions.
6
National
Governing Body
The British Canoe Union (BCU) represents the interests of the activity in the UK.
There are also Home Nation Canoe Associations in England, Wales, Scotland
and Northern Ireland.
Training progression
2.
The content is not mandatory, and is included to give ideas of what might be done. Much
will depend on the ability of the cadets and the experience of the instructor.
Ser
Stage
Suggested Content
(a)
1
(b)
Introduction
(c)
Introduction to kayak and/or open canoeing in very sheltered water.
2
Foundation
Undertake additional training building up a foundation skill set. Undertake the
BCU 1-star proficiency test in no more than sheltered water.
3
Proficiency
Reach the standard of BCU 2-star in either or both kayak and open canoe.
Attend Kayak or Open Canoe Foundation Course at CCAT.
4
Advanced
Gain BCU 3-star proficiency, and if possible BCU 4-star. Undertake canoe
expeditions.
5
Instructor
Gain a minimum of 2 Star Proficiency (if not already achieved).
Undergo first aid training and the Foundation Safety & Rescue Training
(FS&RT).
Attend a JSCI1 course (minimum age 18), or attend a BCU Level 1 Coach
evaluation, (minimum age – normally 18, but those aged 16 -18 may be
accredited as Junior coaches) at a recognised centre.
Assist with training cadets at Stage 1 under supervision.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
Canoeing and kayaking courses for supervisors are listed in the current issue of JSP 419.
There are courses for both inland water and sea. Up to Level 2, no distinction is made between
canoeing and kayaking, or inland water and sea. From Level 3 there are separate schemes for
each. The basic qualification is JS Level 2 Instructor (JSCI2).
Amdt 1
3C-2
Ser
(a)
1
Stage
Content
(b)
Proficiency
(c)
Swim 50m and dive under a canoe. Attend 5-day Foundation Course (KFC or
OFC) and gained 10 hours experience assisting a qualified instructor.
Candidates should have experience of both kayaks and open canoes.
2
Instructor Course
Level 1
5-day Joint Service Canoe Instructor Level 1 (JSCI1). The course includes
the FS&RT which must be passed. Successful candidates may supervise
parties of up to 8 novices in very sheltered water.
3
Instructor Course
Level 2
5-day Joint Service Canoe Instructor Level 2 (Kayak or Canoe) course.
Successful candidates may instruct up to 6 students on any sheltered water,
and plan and supervise journeys.
4
Further Instructor
& Leader
Qualifications
JS Canoe Instructor Level 3 Training and Assessment (Kayak, Canoe, Sea,
Surf) courses. Allows the holder to instruct up to 6 students on moderate water.
JS White Water Leader/JS Open Canoe Leader/JS Sea Expedition Leader
for more difficult water.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
The British Canoe Union (BCU) Coaching Scheme offers five levels of performance and
coaching awards for canoeing in all disciplines (Kayak, Canoe, Sea and Surf).
Ser
(a)
1
Stage
Content
(b)
Pre-course Requirement
(c)
BCU 2-star proficiency award, Foundation Safety & Rescue Test.
Level 1
Old BCU 2-star proficiency award in both kayak and canoe.
2
Registration
Candidates must register with the Home Nation.
3
Qualifying Course
Level 1
A four-day evaluation. Level 1 Coaches may supervise up to 8
students on very sheltered water, under the direction of a Level 2
coach.
Closed Cockpit Kayak/
Canoe generic award
4
Pre-course Requirement
Level 2:
Hold the BCU 3 Star Test, the FS&RT, CRB check to Enhanced
Level and a current First Aid Certificate.
Closed Cockpit Kayak and
Canoe
Placid water (Open Cockpit)
5
Training and Qualifying
Courses:
Level 2:
Closed Cockpit Kayak and
Canoe
Placid Water (Open Cockpit)
6
Training and Qualifying
Courses Level 3 –
discipline specific:
Kayak, Sea, Surf, Canoe
4-day Level 2 training course. Successful candidates may
supervise as for Level 1 coaches.
Consolidation. Further experience and instructing within the
limitations of Level 1 coach.
1-day Level 2 assessment course. Successful candidates may
supervise up to 8 students on sheltered water.
Level 3 coach. Candidates must have passed the 4 Star Award and
attend a 2 day training course followed by a 2 day assessment
course. Successful candidates may supervise up to 6 competent
paddlers on moderate water.
Placid Water (Open Cockpit)
7
Training and Qualifying
Courses
Level 4:
Level 4 coach. May supervise competent paddlers on Advanced
Water.
As for level 3
Closed Cockpit Kayak coaches can also supervise Canoes and Open Cockpit Kayaks on ‘Sheltered Water’.
3C-3
Intentionally blank
3C-4
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX C
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: OPEN CANOEING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications: A:
B:
C:
D:
Generic Risk Assessment:
AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11 &18.
JSP 419.
JSP 535.
BCU Canoe Handbook.
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards Identified
Element
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
1
(b)
Canoeing
(c)
Drowning
Yes/No
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Capsize drills, rescue procedures in place.
Buoyancy aids worn.
Non swimmers identified.
Instructor to carry rescue equipment.
Correct instructor to student ratio .
Instructors to ensure that buoyancy aids are correctly fitted.
Additional supervision of non swimmers.
Yes
2
Canoeing
Injury due to
capsize
1.
2.
Training & proficiency in capsize drills.
Wearing of helmets
Yes
3
Canoeing
Head injuries
1.
Wearing of helmets at all times, including when swimming
Yes
4
Canoeing
Cuts and abrasions
1.
2.
Footwear to be worn at all times.
First Aid Kits to be available and first aider on site.
Yes
5
6
Canoeing
Canoeing
Hypothermia/
Hyperthermia
Sun burn
1. Cagoules, trousers/wet suits, spare clothing and towels.
Availability of hot or cold drinks.
2. Monitoring, use of sun block, availability of shade. Group
shelter (KISU) available.
3. Check weather forecast.
Waterborne
diseases
1. Briefing on Leptospirosis (Weir’s Disease). Cover open
wounds.
2. Wash hands and mouth before eating/drinking.
3. Obtain local information on known problems.
4. Briefing on action to be taken on subsequent illness.
3C1-1
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
7
8
9
10
Canoeing
(contd.)
Canoeing
Canoeing
Canoeing
Slips and trips
1.
2.
3.
Instructor control on slipways etc.
Equipment to be placed carefully.
Warm-up/down to be controlled.
Yes
Injuries during
loading/unloading
or manoeuvring
trailer
1. Instructor supervision, briefing on techniques, use of
sufficient people.
2. Wear helmets.
Yes
Weirs, waterfalls
and rapids
1.
2.
3.
Instructor awareness of location of hazards.
Briefing on avoidance.
Correctly qualified instructor.
Yes
Exhaustion
1.
2.
Training to be tailored to group fitness.
Suitable diet (high energy).
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3C1-2
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX C
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: KAYAKING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications: A: AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11 &18
B: JSP 419
C: JSP 535
D: BCU Canoe Handbook
Generic Risk Assessment:
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards Identified
Element
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
1
(b)
Kayaking
(c)
Drowning
Yes/No
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Capsize drills, rescue procedures in place.
Buoyancy aids worn.
Non swimmers identified.
Instructor to carry rescue equipment.
Correct instructor to student ratio.
Instructors to ensure that buoyancy aids are correctly fitted.
Additional supervision of non-swimmers.
Yes
2
Kayaking
Injury due to
capsize
1.
2.
Training and proficiency in capsize drills.
Wearing of helmets.
Yes
3
Kayaking
Head injuries
1.
Wearing of helmets at all times, including when swimming
Yes
4
Kayaking
Cuts and abrasions
3.
4.
Footwear to be worn at all times.
First Aid Kits to be available and first aider on site.
Yes
5
Kayaking
Hypothermia/
Hyperthermia
Sun burn
1. Cagoules, trousers/wet suits, spare clothing and towels.
Availability of hot or cold drinks
2. Monitoring, use of sun block, availability of shade.
3. Group shelter (KISU) available.
4. Check weather forecast
Yes
Waterborne
diseases
1. Briefing on Leptospirosis (Weir’s Disease). Cover open
wounds.
2. Wash hands and mouth before eating/drinking
3. Obtain local information on known problems.
4. Briefing on action to be taken on subsequent illness
Yes
6
Kayaking
3C2-1
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
7
8
9
10
Kayaking
Kayaking
Kayaking
Kayaking
Slips and trips
1. Instructor control on slipways etc.
2. Equipment to be placed carefully.
3. Warm-up/down to be controlled
Yes
Injuries during
loading/unloading
or manoeuvring
trailer
1. Instructor supervision, briefing on techniques, use of sufficient
people.
2. Wear helmets
Weirs, waterfalls
and rapids
1. Instructor awareness of location of hazards.
2. Briefing on avoidance.
3. Correctly qualified instructor.
Yes
Exhaustion
1. Training to be tailored to group fitness.
2. Suitable diet (high energy)
Yes
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Additional Controls Implemented
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3C2-2
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
ANNEX D TO
SECTION 3
CAVING AND MINE EXPLORATION
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in caving activities:
Ser
Term
Definition
(a)
1
(b)
Caving and Mine
Exploration
(c)
Caving, often known as Potholing, is limited to areas with suitable caves for
exploration – Derbyshire, Wales and the Yorkshire Dales being the best known.
The range is very wide, from very easy caves that can be walked into with no
equipment other than a light and a helmet, to complex multi-level systems, some
containing water courses. There are many very extensive cave systems overseas
for those wishing to pursue the activity further.
A related activity requiring many of the same skills is Mine Exploration. The
extensive slate mines of north Wales are an excellent example.
2
Horizontal and
Vertical Caves
Horizontal caves are those which do not require the use of ropes or ladders to
explore. Vertical caves require changes of level where ropes and ladders are
used.
3
Equipment
Caving requires specialised equipment such as lighting sets, protective
equipment, caving suits, ropes and ladders. Unless caving is going to be a
regular activity it is better to hire this equipment.
4
Publications
The British Caving Association (BCA) issue Guidelines for Cave and Mine
Exploration. All caving in the Armed Forces is required to be conducted in
accordance with the JSP Caving Aide Memoir.
5
National
Governing Body
The BCA represents the interests of the sport, and run a training scheme for
leaders.
Training Progression
2.
The content is not mandatory, and is included to give ideas of what might be done. Much
will depend on the ability of the cadets and the experience of the instructor:
Ser
Stage
(b)
Suggested Content
(a)
1
Introduction
(c)
Introduction to the activity. Exploration of single level cave
systems or mines under tight supervision.
2
Foundation
Further experience of single level cave systems to build up to a
foundation skill set.
3
Proficiency
Attendance on a Basic Caving Course at CCAT. Those with
ability may be awarded the JS Cave Proficiency.
4
Advanced
Single Rope Technique Training. Exploration of vertical caves.
5
Instructor
Attend a JS Local Cave Leader Course or NCA Local Cave and
Mine Leader Level 1 Course.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
The Joint Services Mountain Training Wing at Ripon provides Joint Services Caving
courses, which are listed in JSP 419. The qualifications are progressive, from simple single level
caves in a specific area, (Local Cave Leader) to more advanced cave systems in the UK and
overseas (Cave Leader). The progression is as follows:
Amdt 1
3D-1
Ser
(a)
1
Stage
Content
(b)
Proficiency
(c)
Caving experience or attendance on a Cave Leader Proficiency (CVP) Course.
2
Local Leader
Attend the JS Local Cave Leader (JSLCL) Course - a 5 day training and
assessment course. Successful candidates may lead parties of between 3 and 7
in those areas for which they have approval.
3
Advanced
Proficiency
Attend the Single Rope Techniques (SRT) Course - a 5-day course covering
rope systems, ladders and other systems for multi-level caves. This is a precourse requirement for the Cave Leader Training.
4
Leader Training
Course
Attend Cave Leader Training (CVT) Course – a 5-day course covering the
techniques necessary to take groups underground, in vertical and non-vertical
caves.
5
Leader
After consolidation, attend a 5-day JS Cave Leader (JSCVL) Assessment
Course. Successful candidates may lead parties in cave systems within their
competence. Party size – between 3 and 5 in vertical caves, between 3 and 7 in
horizontal caves.
6
Instructor Course
After attendance on the JSCVL, and continued practice by leading groups and
broadening personal experience, attend the JS Cave Instructor Course (JSCVI).
This is a 6-day practical assessment course. The successful candidate may
instruct novices in caving techniques and lead parties in cave systems in the UK
and overseas. Ratios as for Cave Leader.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
The British Caving Association (BCA) operates a training scheme for leaders and
instructors. Leader training can be delivered locally covering a specific area and, for those with
caving experience, is not difficult. The progression is as follows:
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
1
(b)
Pre-course
Requirement
(c)
Some previous experience of caving is recommended.
2
Registration
Candidates must register with the BCA.
3
Local Leader
The Local Cave and Mine Leader (LCML) Level 1 - a 3 day training and
assessment course. Successful candidates may lead parties in horizontal
underground systems in the area of their assessment.
4
Further Local
Training
LCML Level 2. For holders of LCL Level 1. A 2-day training course covering use
of ladders and single rope techniques, followed by assessment. Successful
candidates may lead parties in underground systems with vertical pitches of up to
20 metres, in the area of their assessment.
5
Instructor Course
For holders of LCML Levels 1 and 2. Attend a 6-day Cave Instructor
Certificate (CIC) Course. After consolidation assessment is arranged by further
observation. May lead parties in any system up to their level of competence.
6
Further
Qualification
There are no further formal qualifications. Those wishing to instruct in more
advanced techniques should become accredited with the BCA Training
Committee.
3D-2
APPENDIX 1
ANNEX D
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: CAVING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications: A: AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11 .
B: JSP 419.
C: JSP 535.
Generic Risk Assessment:
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards Identified
Element
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
1
Caving
Adverse weather
conditions
1. Weather to be monitored prior to trip and a forecast
obtained on the day.
2. Choice of cave to depend upon weather forecast and
water levels.
2
Caving
Trips, slips, bruises,
grazes, blisters.
1. Control speed of group.
2. Training in caving skills, adequate footwear and knee
protection worn.
3. Support each other.
Getting lost
1.
2.
3.
4.
Always accompanied by leader.
Instructor must have cave on “list”.
Close supervision of group.
Adequate briefing prior to trip.
1.
2.
Spares carried by instructor.
Ensure all lamps have full charge prior to trip.
3
4
5
6
Caving
Caving
Caving
Caving
Light Failure
Yes/No
Hypothermia
Exposure
Exhaustion
1. Check correct clothing is worn.
2. Full emergency kit carried by instructor.
3. Suitable diet.
4. Cave within capabilities of the students.
5. Careful choice of cave and walking conditions and
distance from transport.
Drowning
1. Weather forecast obtained prior to trip. Knowledge of
weather prior to day of trip.
2. Local knowledge and avoidance of systems liable
sudden flooding.
3D1-1-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Caving
(contd.)
Getting stuck
Caving
Falling/collapsing rock
7
8
9
10
Caving
Caving
Falling down deep
holes
Weil’s Disease
1. Choose appropriate cave suitable to group physical
size, and avoid over tight passages.
1.
2.
3.
Avoidance of such areas.
Adequate knowledge of cave systems by instructor.
Use of necessary support and equipment.
Yes
1.
Lead passages where appropriate.
2. Close supervision and adequate briefing.
3. Traverse lines where appropriate.
4. Correct training in use of harnesses and traverse lines
prior to trip.
5. Rope and emergency kit carried by instructor.
Yes
1. Briefing prior to trip.
2. Instruct group to wash hands before eating any food
and shower on returning to camp.
3. Cover all cuts before trip commences.
Yes
Name
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Yes
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3D1-1-2
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
ANNEX E to
SECTION 3
SKIING
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in skiing activities:
Ser
(a)
1
Term
Definition
(b)
Dry Slopes
(c)
There are many “dry” ski slopes in the UK, which offer all year round skiing, useful
to learn some of the basics, but have limitations over snow.
2
On-Piste
Skiing on prepared snow slopes.
3
Off-Piste
Skiing off prepared slopes. Downhill skiing off-piste is usually for advanced skiers
and by its nature is more challenging than skiing on-piste. Ski touring tends to be
off-piste.
4
Alpine Skiing
Often known as Downhill. As the name implies, it is carried out on snow slopes.
Uplift is gained by ski lifts of various kinds. There are differing grades of slope,
graded by colours, requiring ascending levels of skill. Most cadet skiing is Alpine.
5
Nordic Skiing
Often known as Cross Country. The skis are used to travel comparatively long
distances, sometimes on signed routes.
6
Ski Touring
A Joint Service activity involving survival and winter expeditions. Not normally
carried out by cadets.
7
National
Governing Bodies
There are a number of NGBs for snow sports. The national NGBs are Snowsport
Scotland, Snowsport England and Snowsport Wales. They manage a range of
awards for supervisors, leaders and instructors.
The British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) regulates and awards
professional instructor qualifications; it is not an NGB.
Training Progression
2.
The opportunities for skiing are limited in the UK so training progression is difficult to
achieve. Introduction and Foundation stages can be achieved by using artificial indoor and
outdoor snow facilities. There are progressive Awards issued by Snowlife, and recognised by the
NGBs. The Joint Service Adventurous Training (JSAT) scheme offers Basic and Advanced
Proficiency awards. Following this progression can lead to Instructor Qualifications.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
The Joint Service Ski Scheme is outlined in JSP 419. Alpine Skiing only will be listed in
this document, but a parallel scheme for Nordic skiing is available. The basic qualification is JS
Ski Instructor (JSSI):
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
Able to execute refined parallel turns. JS Basic & Advanced Proficiency. The
scheme requires attendance on Ski Tour Proficiency (STP) & Tour Leader
Training (TLT).
2
Qualifying Course
Attend a 5 day JS Ski Instructor (JSSI) course to train, assess and qualify
candidates as Ski Instructors. Successful candidates will be able to instruct up to
8 students and award Basic Ski Proficiency.
3
Further
Qualifications
JS Senior Ski Instructor.
JS Ski Tour Leader.
JS Ski Mountain Leader.
Amdt 1
3E-1
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
Both BASI and Snowsport Scotland offer qualifications to instruct and lead Skiing on snow.
The basic qualifications are BASI Alpine Instructor Level 2 and Snowsport Scotland Alpine Ski
Leader (ASL). Details are given below:
BASI Instructor Level 2:
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
Be able to ski parallel confidently on red runs, coping with a variety of conditions
and have completed at least 16 weeks on snow.
Be able to ski parallel confidently on black runs, making rhythmical turns close to
the fall line at a steady pace.
Be able to ski confidently and in control in off-piste conditions.
2
Training Course
Hold the BASI Ski Instructor Level 1 award
3
Consolidation
Attended refresher course every 3 years.
Valid first aid and emergency certificate.
70 hours ski school experience with a snowsports school.
4.
Qualifying Course
Attend an Instructor Training Course, a 10 day course on snow. Successful
students will be able to teach skiing up to and including parallel standards on
marked piste.
Snowsport Scotland Alpine Ski Leader:
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
•
Be able to ski basic parallel skiing on groomed red slopes
•
Have at least 20 days on-snow experience
•
Use carving skis
•
Understand all levels of the UK Awards and be able to perform many of the
activities up to level 7.
2
Registration
Become a member of the Snowsport Scotland Coaching Scheme (or that of
Snowsport England, Snowsport Wales or Northern Ireland Ski Council).
3
Qualifying Course
Attend the Snowsport Scotland Alpine Ski Leader course, a 7 day course
covering Leadership, Technical Skiing and teaching. Successful candidates will
be able to introduce young people to skiing on piste and on dry slopes.
3E-2
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX E
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: SKIING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
A:
B:
C:
D:
AGAI Vol 1 Chap 11.
JSP 419.
JSP 535.
Avalanche Reports & Weather Forecasts.
Generic Risk Assessment:
Yes/No
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
(a)
1
2
3
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptabl
e
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptabl
e
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Use of uplift facilities.
Group can become
separated, left
unsupervised and at risk as
a result of lack of
supervision.
1. Cadets and staff to be given clear instructions on where
to get off the uplift and what to do if separated.
2. Staff to accompany pupils in cable cars/trains.
3. Staff to supervise cadets onto and be last on T-bars,
Poma lifts, chair lifts and cabins.
Movement to and from
hotel - risk of ice causing
slip and falls leading to
broken bones, etc.
1.
2.
Terrain:
Icy sections, rutted hard
snow, thin soft snow lying
on rocky surface, deep
fresh snow on pistes,
powder.
1. Appropriate ski clothing, goggles
2. First aid kit carried by qualified instructor.
3. Briefing of hazards on route.
4. Information to be obtained from ski school or other
instructors when assessing routes as suitable given the
prevailing weather and piste conditions.
5. Ski at an appropriate speed.
6. Follow skier’s Highway Code.
Skiing
Skiing
Skiing
Injuries could include
serious muscle, joint and
bone injuries.
Briefing of danger areas by all participants.
Traffic drives on other side of road.
3E1-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
(a)
4
5
6
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptabl
e
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptabl
e
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Skiing
equipment
Incorrectly sized, adjusted
or poorly maintained
equipment can lead to
serious lower leg injuries.
1. Equipment to be correctly sized and adjusted and to be
in satisfactory state of repair.
2. Daily check of release mechanism by students.
Skiing
Weather:
Inclement, risk of
hypothermia/heat
exhaustion/loss of
visibility/changeable.
Sun and reflected
light/glare causing snow
blindness and sun burn.
1. Daily weather/snow reports used to plan routes and
descents.
2. Keep to marked pistes that are declared open, are
patrolled and are free from avalanche risk.
3. Students properly equipped – see kit list including
goggles/sun glasses.
4. Staff to carry spare sun block.
5. KISU carried.
6. Piste maps carried by each skier.
Yes
Physical Exertion:
Dehydration; risk of
cardio/respiratory
problems; previous injuries
deteriorate.
1. Participants with existing injuries/conditions identified
before activity.
2. Water and food carried by skiers or easily available in
cafes, etc.
3. Instructor First Aid qualified.
4. Descents planned and adjusted during day dependent
upon group ability/fitness levels.
5. Tired skiers should not be allowed to continue skiing.
6. Beware Day 3 fatigue.
Yes
Skiing
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Position
Cadet AT Adviser
3E1-2
Date
18 May 2009
Yes
Signature
ANNEX F TO
SECTION 3
MINORITY AUTHORISED AT ACTIVITIES IN THE ACF AND CCF (ARMY SECTIONS)
1.
There are other AT activities, which may be undertaken by cadets, that (due to their nature)
are unlikely to be offered as widely as those for which progressive programmes have been
outlined.
2.
Some of these are summarised below:
a.
Diving. SCUBA Diving. British Sub-Aqua Club (BSAC) Awards – Novice, Sports
Diver, Dive Leader and Advanced Diver suitable for all sub-aqua under the JSAT scheme
(JSP 419). Similar awards are available through the Professional Association of Diving
Instructors (PADI) though they can only be used if the activity is classed an OCP.
(1)
BSAC is the NGB for sub-aqua diving in the UK. Its approved code of
practice very closely follows the HSE Approved Code of Practice (ACOP).
(2)
Diving under the official JSAT scheme means that the exercise is classed as
‘duty’ and all of the H&S regulations for work related diving are to be followed. This
means that there must be a minimum of two qualified divers (a minimum of one
instructor and one qualified diver) per group and a Sub-Aqua Diving Supervisor
(SADS) must be used in all open water diving. All CFAVs are required to pass an
annual diving medical. Funding may be available for this type of diving.
(3)
Diving is to be classed as an OCP if the services of a PADI qualified civilian
dive school are being used to supply the instructors, equipment and deliver the
activity. All diving is to comply with the BSAC requirements and their ACOP, which
can be obtained from the BSAC website www.bsac.com – see para 2a(2) above.
The BSAC risk assessment should also be used with additional controls added as
required.
(4)
A cadet unit can buy in the services of PADI diving school/instructors to
deliver courses or training and under such schemes CFAVs and cadets can obtain
PADI diving awards. If they do so the activity is classed as an OCP and must be
authorised by someone with diving experience as well as by the ACF Commandant
or CCF Contingent Commander. It must be undertaken at the unit’s/individual’s
expense (see Section 1 para’s 1038-1045 of this Manual and para 2a(3) above).
(5)
Limitations on sub-aqua diving with cadets:
a.
Dives are restricted to a maximum of 9 metres/30 feet on open
systems. Dispensation must be sought for dives deeper than this from the
MOD Superintendent of Diving, Fleet Diving Headquarters, Horsea Island,
Portsmouth.
b.
All CFAV diving instructors are required to pass the HSE Diving
Medical annually.
b. Gliding. JS Gliding Scheme Basic, Intermediate, Advanced and Instructor which equates
to the British Gliding Association (BGA) Gliding Cert. with ‘A’ badge endorsement, Bronze,
Silver and Instructor qualification.
c. Parachuting. British Parachute Association (BPA) A, B, or C Licence.
3F-1
d. Paragliding and Hang Gliding. British Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association (BHPA)
– Elementary Pilot Certificate, Club Pilot Certificate, Pilot Rating, Advanced Pilot Rating.
e. Offshore Sailing:
(1)
Dinghy sailing can be used as an introductory activity within the aegis of
cadet AT so long as it is not in a sporting context.
(2)
Royal Yacht Association (RYA) Young Sailors Scheme (Under 16s) – Start
Sailing (3 Stages), Red Badge, White Badge, Blue Badge (Advanced sailing or
Racing).
(3)
RYA National Sailing Scheme – 5 Levels.
3F-2
ANNEXES G – K
SPARE
Intentionally blank
G/K - 1
Intentionally blank
G/K - 2
ANNEX L TO
SECTION 3
OTHER CHALLENGE PURSUITS
1.
There are other activities, which may be undertaken by cadets, that due to their nature fall
outside of the JSAT Scheme; this list is not exhaustive.
2.
DofE Expeditions are an example of this. Training activities for hillwalking, kayaking and
canoeing expeditions, which are supervised, can be classed as AT or OCP. The requirement for
qualifying expeditions to be “remotely supervised” means they fall outside the JSAT Scheme,
(which insists that all AT activities are directly supervised) and are classed as OCP.
3.
4.
Challenge Pursuits commonly offered to cadets include:
a.
Mountain biking, Off-road and Leisure cycling (Annex N).
b.
Snowboarding (Annex O).
Other examples of challenge activities less commonly undertaken by cadets are:
a.
Canyoning*. This is an activity which encompasses a range of techniques used to
descend gorges, ravines, mountainous rivers and waterfalls; an activity recognised by the
BMC.
b.
Coastal Traversing*. This is a predominantly dry activity where the base of cliffs that
are above sea level are explored using rock scrambling. Exposed sections can be
protected using a safety line. (Not to be confused with Coasteering* where the intention is
to explore the base of cliffs using swimming and scrambling.)
c.
Dinghy sailing.
d.
Gorge walking*. This is an activity which involves ascending streams by walking
and scrambling through water, traversing above pools and climbing up waterfalls.
e.
Orienteering – not for competition.
f.
Power boating – RYA awards available.
g.
Snorkelling – snorkel diver, open water snorkel diver.
h.
White Water Rafting.
i.
Windsurfing. Royal Yachting Association (RYA) Windsurfing Certificate – 5 levels.
*Special rules apply – contact the Cadet AT Adviser.
3L-1
Intentionally blank
3L-2
ANNEX M TO
SECTION 3
MOUNTAIN BIKING, OFF-ROAD AND LEISURE CYCLING
Reference:
A.
LFSO 1502. Challenge Pursuits – The supervision and conduct of Mountain Biking.
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in biking activities:
Ser
Term
Definition
(a)
1
(b)
Mountain
Biking
(c)
Cycling for pleasure on made up roads. There are a number of dedicated
cycle ways offering the opportunity for longer journeys and expeditions.
Supervisors will require a Level 1 qualification.
2
Off-road
Cycling
Cycling for pleasure on disused, railways, bridleways, canal towpaths and
forest paths etc. This type of cycling is most commonly undertaken by
cadets in normal country on non technical routes requiring a Level 1 qualified
supervisor. Technical difficulties due to the steepness of slopes may be
present and will require the supervisor to hold a Level 2 qualification.
3
Leisure Cycling
Specialised cycling across country, generally off made up paths, requiring a
range of skills not normally used for everyday cycling, including traversing
steep and rough ground, and surmounting various obstacles. The terrain is
likely to be steeper routes in moorland country or any route in wild country.
There are competitive events in the categories of Downhill, Cross Country
and 4X.
4
Protective
Equipment
Helmets should be worn for all forms of cycling. For leisure cycling little
other protection is required. Off-road cycling requires eye-protection and
gloves. For mountain biking, knee and elbow pads, gloves, and suitable
footwear should be worn.
5
Machines
Most types of cycle are suitable for leisure cycling. Mountain bikes are
designed specifically for the purpose, and are not the best machine for
general cycling.
6
National
Governing
Body
British Cycling represents the interests of all forms of cycling, including
Mountain Biking. They do not endorse any Mountain Biking Leadership
Awards, but sponsor a general cycling Coaching Award scheme. The
Scottish Mountain Bike Leader Association (SMBLA) is affiliated to British
Cycling and runs a well established Trail Cycle Leader and Mountain Bike
Leader award scheme. As such the SMBLA is the de-facto NGB for Off-road
Cycling. Other bodies offering award schemes are commercial enterprises
(see Ser 26 App A to Part 1 of this Handbook).
Training progression
2.
Leisure Cycling:
a.
A training progression is inappropriate for this activity. Cadets interested in cycling
should be encouraged to consider Cycle Proficiency training, which is often available via
local authorities, or local safety organisation. Cycle Training UK has set National
Standards for cycle training.
b.
The DofE Expedition section includes the option to undertake cycle expeditions,
and includes a training programme for those taking this option.
3M-1
3.
Off-road Cycling. A training progression for this activity should include the development
of skills for use on easy to moderate terrain led by an appropriately qualified leader. Cadets
should be taught to select the appropriate gear selection, speed and line for the steepness and
width of the tracks they are riding upon.
4.
Mountain Biking. There are a number of training schemes and competitive events
available for those who wish to take up this activity. British Cycling sponsors a number of events.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications
5.
Leisure Cycling, Off-road Cycling and Mountain Biking are not covered by the JSAT
scheme. There are no military qualifications. ACF Cadet Commandants/Contingent Commanders
can no longer continue to authorise ‘unqualified’ instructors to lead off-road cycling, trail cycling
and mountain biking. However the guidance in LF/CADETS/RJA/POL dated 11 Sep 08 Annexes
B and C on appropriate qualifications is still current. Qualification will consist of successfully
passing:
a.
The SMBLA TCL or MBL awards; or
b.
BOB Cycle Leadership award: or
c.
ABCC, BSOCA, MIAS or OTC awards plus an appropriate on-foot terrain award; or
d.
In-house training leading to a site-specific award plus an appropriate on-foot terrain
award.
6.
Authorisation for adults to conduct cycling should be on the following basis:
a.
Supervisors should be qualified as per Serials 23-27 Annex B to Part 1 of this
Handbook.
b.
Unit commanders should satisfy themselves that supervisors have qualifications
that have been gained through assessment of demonstrated competence in riding off-road
appropriate to the level of intended terrain, managing groups and in basic maintenance and
minor repairs to the machine.
c.
Protective clothing and equipment:
(1)
Helmets should always be worn for all types of cycling.
(2)
Unless specialist clothing is worn body, arms and legs should be covered.
(3)
Eye protection is strongly recommended especially in situations where there
are insects or where stones and dust from other riders may be present.
(4)
Where the activity is taking place in off-road situations and where the
consequence of a fall is likely to be injury, protective clothing including gloves and
knee/elbow pads should be worn.
d.
Supervision should be direct, and individuals must not be permitted to go off on
their own, unless they have proven competence e.g. a DofE qualifying venture.
e.
All training conforms to the Safe System of Training, that an Emergency Action Plan
(EAP) and risk assessments have been produced.
3M-2
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX M
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: OFF-ROAD CYCLING/MOUNTAIN BIKING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
Generic Risk Assessment:
A: HQRF Cdts Policy on Off-road Cycling.
B: JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions.
C: AGAI Vol 1 Chap 11/AC 71849 AT Manual.
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
Activity/
Hazards Identified
Element
(Step 2)
(Step 1)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(a)
(b)
1
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Adverse weather
conditions
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Terrain: steep
slopes, technical
terrain leading to
falls causing
serious injury or
death
1.
Training and pre-assessment of skills prior to journey.
2.
Identification of hazards and briefing given on crossing
terrain when they are reached.
3.
Correct route selection.
4.
No racing, reduce speed, no overtaking.
5.
First aider with group with first aid kit.
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Injuries caused
from falls; stones
and insects
1.
Helmets to be worn.
2.
Eye protection to be worn.
3.
Knee/elbow pads on steep technical terrain.
4.
Gloves to be worn, legs and arms to be covered to
limit ‘gravel rash’ on steep/technical terrain.
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Injuries caused by
the machine
1.
Machine to be serviceable and correctly maintained.
2.
Machine to be inspected prior to issue.
3.
Machine to be sized and fitted to each rider.
4.
Unserviceable or ill fitting machines not to be used.
5.
Machine becoming unserviceable during journey –
instructor to carry basic repair/spares kit and be trained in
cycle maintenance.
2
3
4
(c)
Yes/No
1.
Instructor to carry emergency gear.
2.
Cadets to carry foul weather clothing.
3.
Use of foul weather alternative routes based on up to
date weather forecasts.
4.
Sufficient instructor to student ration.
3M1-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
5
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Injuries caused
through excessive
speed and loss of
control
1.
Briefing on appropriate speed and dangers of
excessive speed prior to start of journey.
2.
No racing, no overtaking.
3.
Both hands on handlebars at all times.
4.
Correct application of brakes.
5.
Correct use of gears.
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Exhaustion
1.
Instructor vigilance.
2.
Challenge matched to ability of participants.
3.
Rest stops as required.
4.
Suitable diet (High energy to offset fatigue and
hypothermia.)
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Effects of heat and
cold. Hypo- and
hyperthermia
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Training and briefing.
Correct equipment and clothing.
Sunscreen, sunhat, sun glasses/warm hat and gloves.
Recognition of symptoms.
Instructor to carry emergency gear.
KISU carried.
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Blisters
1.
2.
3.
Correctly fitting boots and appropriate quality socks.
Preparation of feet.
Effective treatment.
Yes
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Roads and traffic
1.
Training in correct procedures.
2.
Observe Highway Code.
3.
Use of Hi-Vis clothing if necessary.
4.
Avoidance of potentially dangerous roads/junctions.
5.
Consider use of safety vehicle following group fitted
with warning signs.
Yes
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Benightment.
i.e. overtaken by
nightfall
1.
Realistic route plan.
2.
Navigation training.
3.
Carry bivvy bag or other shelter.
4.
Torches, spare batteries and bulbs carried.
5.
Night cycling only if instructor qualified and ALL of
group prepared
Yes
6
7
8
9
10
3M1-2
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable?
(Step 6)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
11
Off-road
Cycling/Mountain
Biking
Licensable terrain
1.
Avoid unless instructor suitably qualified.
2.
Avoid unless group suitably experienced/route within
capabilities of group.
Name
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Lt Col R J Ayres
Post
Cadet AT Adviser
3M1-3
Yes
Date
18 May 2009
Signature
Intentionally blank
3M1-4
ANNEX N
TO SECTION 3
SNOWBOARDING
Terms and Definitions
1.
The following terms and definitions are commonly used in skiing activities:
Ser
Term
Definition
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Dry Slopes
There are many “dry” ski slopes in the UK, which offer all year round skiing,
useful to learn some of the basics, but have limitations over snow.
2
On Piste
Snowboarding on prepared snow slopes.
3
Snowboarding
Is carried out on snow slopes. Uplift is gained by ski lifts of various kinds.
There are differing grades of slope, graded by colours, requiring ascending
levels of skill. There are different disciplines that include freestyle,
snowboard cross or boardercross and freeride.
4
Off-Piste
An activity often requiring snowshoes to access remote slopes. An
advanced and potentially dangerous activity away from patrolled slopes. Not
normally carried out by cadets.
5
National
Governing Bodies
There are a number of NGBs for snow sports.
a. Snowsport Scotland
b. Snowsport England
c. Snowsport Wales
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) is a professional
association and not an NGB.
Training progression
2.
The opportunities for snowboarding are limited in the UK, so a training progression is
difficult to achieve. There are progressive Awards issued by Snowlife, and recognised by the
NGBs. The Joint Service Adventurous Training scheme offers Basic and Advanced Proficiency
awards. Following this progression can lead to Instructor Qualifications.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Military
3.
There are no military qualifications for snowboarding.
Leader/Instructor Qualifications – Civilian
4.
Both BASI and Snowsport Scotland offer qualifications to instruct Snowboarding. The
basic qualifications are BASI Snowboard Instructor and Snowsport Scotland Alpine Snowboard
Leader (ASBL). Details are given below:
BASI Level 2 Instructor:
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
1. Be able to ride confidently on red runs, linking rhythmical small radius
turns close to the fall line at a steady pace.
2. Be able to ride red runs confidently in control.
3N-1
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
Pre-course
Requirement
3. Have at least 16 weeks experience of riding on slope and probably more.
(contd.)
2
Training Course
Attend a Level 1 Course, a 5-day course on snow. Successful students will
be able to work under supervision with novices in controlled conditions.
3
Consolidation and
Qualification
Criteria
1. Have completed and passed all aspects of Snowboard Level 1 Instructor
training.
2. Hold a current First Aid certificate issued by an organization recognised
by the Health and Safety Executive. The course must be a minimum of 2
days long or 14hrs duration.
3. Have paid the current subscription fee.
4. Have attended the Child Protection Module.
5. Have logged 35 hours teaching/ski school experience for Level 1 and an
additional 35 hours before attending the Level 2 course.
6. Attend a refresher course every three years.
4
Qualifying Course
Attend an instructor training course, a 10 day course on snow. Successful
students will be able to teach all aspects of the snowboarding central theme
up to and including basic turning within the confines of a patrolled area.
Snowsport Scotland Artificial Slope Snowboard Instructor (ASBI):
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
Be at least 18 years of age.
2
Registration
Become a member of the Snowsport Scotland Coaching Scheme (or that of
Snowsport England, Snowsport Wales or Northern Ireland Ski Council).
3
Qualifying Course
Attend the ASBI course, a 5 day course covering leadership, technical skiing
and teaching. Successful candidates will be able to introduce young people
to snowboarding on indoor pistes and on dry slopes.
Be able to perform smooth linked turns on an artificial surface, with good
stance and balance.
Snowboard Leader (SBL)
Ser
Stage
Content
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
Pre-course
Requirement
Be at least 18 years of age
2
Registration
Become a member of the Snowsport Scotland Coaching Scheme (or that of
Snowsport England, Snowsport Wales or Northern Ireland Ski Council).
3
Qualifying course
Attend the SBL course, a 6 day course covering leadership, technical
snowboarding and teaching. Successful candidates will be able to introduce
young people to skiing on piste and on dry slopes.
Be able to snowboard down all marked runs, in all conditions, showing good
balance and control.
3N-2
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX N
TO SECTION 3
Unit/Formation: Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Name/Assessor: Lt Col R J Ayres
Activity/Exercise: SNOWBOARDING
Date of Assessment: 18 May 2009
References/Publications:
Generic Risk Assessment:
A:
B:
C:
D:
AGAI Vol 1 Chap 11
JSP 419
JSP 535
Avalanche Reports & Weather Forecasts
Yes/No
Steps relate to the Risk Assessment Process
Ser
(a)
1
2
3
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Snowboarding
Use of uplift facilities.
Pupils can become
separated, left
unsupervised and at risk as
a result of lack of
supervision.
1.
Cadets and staff to be given clear instructions on
where to get off the uplift and what to do if separated.
2.
Staff to accompany pupils in cable cars/trains.
3.
Staff to supervise cadets onto and be last on Tbars, Poma lifts, chair lifts and cabins.
Snowboarding
Movement to and from
hotel - risk of ice causing
slip and falls leading to
broken bones, etc.
1.
2.
Snowboarding
Terrain:
Icy sections, rutted hard
snow, thin soft snow lying
on rocky surface, deep
fresh snow on pistes,
powder.
1.
Appropriate ski clothing, goggles.
2.
First aid kit carried by qualified instructor.
3.
Briefing of hazards on route.
4.
Information to be obtained from ski school or other
instructors when assessing routes as suitable given the
prevailing weather and piste conditions.
5.
Board at an appropriate speed.
6.
Follow boarder’s Highway Code.
Injuries could include
serious muscle, joint and
bone injuries.
Briefing of danger areas by all participants.
Traffic drives on other side of road.
3N1-1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ser
(a)
4
5
6
Activity/
Element
(Step 1)
Hazards Identified
(Step 2)
Existing Controls
(Step 3)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable
(Step 4)
Additional
Controls
Required
(Step 5)
Residual
Risk
Acceptable
(Step 6)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Snowboarding
equipment
Incorrectly sized, adjusted
or poorly maintained
equipment can lead to
serious lower leg injuries.
1.
Equipment to be correctly sized and adjusted and
to be in satisfactory state of repair.
Snowboarding
Weather:
Inclement, risk of
hypothermia/heat
exhaustion/loss of
visibility/changeable.
Sun and reflected
light/glare causing snow
blindness and sun burn.
1.
Daily weather/snow reports used to plan routes and
descents.
2.
Keep to marked pistes that are declared open, are
patrolled and are free from avalanche risk.
3.
Students properly equipped – see kit list inc.
goggles/sun glasses.
4.
Staff to carry spare sun block.
5.
KISU carried.
6.
Piste maps carried by each boarder.
Yes
Physical Exertion:
Dehydration; risk of
cardio/respiratory
problems; previous injuries
deteriorate.
1.
Participants with existing injuries/conditions
identified before activity.
2.
Water and food carried by skiers or easily available
in cafes, etc.
3.
Instructor First Aid qualified.
4.
Descents planned and adjusted during day
dependent upon group ability/fitness levels.
5.
Tired boarders should not be allowed to continue
boarding.
6.
Beware Day 3 fatigue.
7.
Only use snowparks when students are warmed up
– not late in the day.
Yes
Snowboarding
Existing and Additional Controls Agreed
Name
Lt Col R J Ayres
Position
Cadet AT Adviser
3N-2
Date
18 May 2009
Yes
Signature
SECTION 4 – PLANNING AT and OCP
Introduction
4001. Every AT and OCP exercise, as with all training, requires proper planning to achieve its
aim.
Conduct of Army Cadet Adventurous Training
4002. The rules for the conduct of Adventurous Training in the Regular Army, Reserve and Cadet
Forces are set out in JSP 419. The latest version of these must be read before any AT is
conducted. It can be obtained from ACF County or Brigade HQs. A link to the latest edition is
included on the AT website.
4003. It is recognised that much outdoor adventurous activity training carried out by cadets does
not fall within the Armed Forces definition of AT and is conducted at a lower level than for Service
personnel. This is classed as OCP (see Para 1008 of Section 1 to this Manual).
Checklist for AT and OCP Exercise Planning
4004. The table below contains a checklist of activities to be followed when planning AT
exercises.
Stage
Activity
Notes
(a)
(b)
(c)
Initial
Concept
Planning
Amdt 1
Aim
Decide on a clear aim. Is it achievable in the timescale and with
the resources available? If not, redefine the aim.
Who?
The age and experience of the cadets to be trained should be
appropriate to the aim.
When?
Dates. Check for clashes with other events. Time of year should
be chosen with care.
How long for?
Dependant on the aim. Duration will affect rest of planning
process. Consideration must be given to time off school or work.
What activities will
be carried out?
Ensure they are authorised AT or OCP. Para’s 3001-3002 gives
a list and Annexes A to E gave examples of suitable activities for
cadets at various stages of AT progress.
How many cadets?
Ratios?
Ensure numbers are manageable and fall within the allowed
ratios of cadets per Instructor. (Section 1 Annex B.)
Where?
Suitable terrain for the activity and level of training. Access
restrictions must be taken into account.
Land Clearance?
Consult the LTAR staff at the Brigade (G7 Cdts can give contact
details) where the activity is to take place. Most will require some
form of formal application for clearance.
Recce required?
Any area being used for the first time should be recce’d. The
recce should include the preparation of a risk assessment,
contact with landowners if required, and confirmation of suitability
for the exercise aim.
Risk Assessment
Must be prepared for each activity. Digital copies of the Generic
RAs can be found at Section 3 of this Manual on the AT website,
but site specific hazards must be considered and controls added
if necessary. (Section 7 of this Manual).
4-1
Stage
Activity
Notes
(a)
(b)
(c)
Planning
(contd.)
Prepare outline
A brief outline on paper showing groups, activities, timings and
locations will show if the plan is workable.
Transport required
(Vehicles)
Ensure there are enough vehicles to carry all in safety.
Sources of transport:
Private vehicles (check insurance cover)
ACF/CCF/RFCA minibuses, if available.
Loan from TA or Regular Army (Passenger vehicles only).
Private hire.
Public transport if appropriate.
Transport
Required (Drivers)
Consideration must be given to drivers’ rest times and the hours
they work. JSP 800 - Defence Movements & Transport
Regulations Vol 5, Road Transport, applies
Consideration must be given to employing drivers who will not be
part of the instructional staff or using alternative transport if:
a. Long journeys are involved.
b. Lengthy daily training is preceded or followed by driving to
or from the venue.
c. Instructors must carry out additional duties.
Instructors
required
AT instructors must hold the appropriate JS or NGB qualification,
and work to the correct ratio. (See Section 1 Annex A, of this
Manual and JSP 535).
If civilian instructors are to be employed see Annex A to this
section for guidance and suggested standing orders.
Equipment
Where is it to be obtained from, where held, what arrangements
for collection; for example:
ACF/CCF held pool.
CCAT.
Loan from other organisations.
Loan from Cadet Training Team.
Commercial hire (expensive).
Indent on RLC Depot (Limited stock, 60 days notice and
JSATFA required).
Feeding
Dependent on duration of the activity. For one-day events cadets
can be instructed to bring a packed meal. Longer events require
provision to be made; for example:
Operational Ration Packs (ORP).
Ration purchase using Cash in Lieu of Rations (CILOR). If
central cooking is arranged, cooks must have food handling
qualifications.
Contract catering – expensive for small numbers.
Attachment to larger co-located camp.
4-2
Stage
Activity
Notes
(a)
(b)
(c)
Planning
(contd.)
Medical &
Emergency
First Aid. All AT Instructors are required to hold a First Aid
certificate as part of their qualification.
First Aid kits to be available.
Other medical cover available?
Any medical problems with the participants? Nearest A & E Dept
to AT sites.
Nearest phone – mobile signal?
Emergency Action Plan in place (See Section 7).
Application
and Authority
Final
Preparation
Insurance
Adequate insurance must be obtained (See Sect 1 para’s 10521054 and Sect 4 para 4005d)
Clearance
procedure for OCP
All activities or exercise must be authorised at the appropriate
level. This is required to authorise remuneration, activate
insurance and MoD liability. The ACF County Commandant or
CCF Contingent Commander may authorise DofE expeditions,
and Other Challenge Pursuits. Initial application to train is to be
made to CCF Contingent Commander or ACF County
Commandant. OCP expeditions abroad require permission from
SO2 Cadet Activities, HQ LF-PSC-Cadets. A full set of plans
including nominal roll, list of instructors and their qualifications
and insurance, route traces and a main events list should be
passed to the RATO/CATO. Once these have been cleared they
should be passed to the TSA for ACFs and CTT for CCFs for final
scrutiny before being passed to ACF County Commandant or
CCF Contingent Commander for final authorisation. CCFs will
need to seek final permission from the Brigade SO2 G7 Cadets.
Clearance
Procedure for AT
As for OCP but ensuring the Joint Service requirements are
adhered to. AT activities and all overseas AT Expeditions are to
be authorised by the JSATFA process. See Sect 1 Paras 10051010 and 1049-1051 for details.
Written
Instructions
Should be prepared and issued to all involved for action and to
HQs for information. Example on AT website:
www.armycadetadventure.info. Include “tear-off” slip to
include next-of-kin details, medical conditions, and parental
consent, to be returned prior to the exercise.
Collect stores,
rations, and
transport
Ensure timings and locations for both drawing and returning
stores are agreed with the provider.
Who is going to do what?
Transport required times, drivers, fuelling arrangements?
Co-ordination
meeting
Should be held immediately prior to start of event. The object is
to ensure all staff know their role, that necessary equipment is to
hand, participant numbers match the required ratios etc. Plans to
be adjusted if any problems revealed.
During
Exercise
Monitoring and
Supervision
OC Exercise/Exercise Leader should monitor events while in
progress, make adjustments if plans do not meet expectations,
hold on site meetings with instructors, and ensure a contingency
plan is ready if activities have to be cancelled.
Post
Exercise
Admin
Debrief and
reporting
Cadets to receive oral debrief at ENDEX to cover lessons
learned, high points and low points, and a look forward to future
progress. If appropriate, participants to be given action plan on
future progress, logbooks issued and explanation of the
Amdt 1
4-3
importance in maintaining them.
Adults to be consulted on what went well, and what could be
improved, record incidents or “near misses” for future exercises.
Post Exercise
Report (PXR)
For significant AT exercises, and for all AT expeditions, a PXR is
to be prepared using template at Annex B to this section, and
issued to all interested parties.
Return Kit etc.
Return all kit, cleaned, complete equipment usage logs and
report any damage, minibuses swept out, and tanks filled. Where
items have been borrowed or outside assistance given, letters to
be written to those who assisted.
Note: Time Scale. The time scale for the process above depends on the level and complexity of the
training. Land clearance including camp sites typically takes a minimum of 6 weeks. Booking training camp
accommodation should be done 6 months in advance. For a simple day’s AT activity 2-4 weeks may be
sufficient. Planning for an AT weekend should commence 6-8 weeks prior to the event, although the
booking of accommodation may need to be done well in advance of this. AT Expeditions require the
submission of the JSATFA to the Divisional PAT Staff, who will typically require a minimum of 3 months
notice. For expeditions overseas, political clearance is required, which requires the JSATFA to be submitted
at least 4 months in advance for EU destinations, 6 –12 months for other parts of the world.
Overseas Expeditions
4005. Application for an ACF party to travel outside the UK for training or other purposes (this
includes AT, OCP or expeditions) is to be made to HQ LF for clearance in advance by SO2 Cadet
Activities, Cadets Branch, in accordance with para 3.054 of the ACF Manual using the Form at
Annex F to Chapter 3. The application is to be made in triplicate, through the parent Formation
HQ, with a copy to the appropriate RFCA and the ACFA, two months ahead of the proposed
departure date. Applications are necessary even if the party is travelling at the private expense of
members. CCF Army Sections are to apply for clearance through their parent Formation HQ in the
same way.
4006. Overseas locations often provide more challenging environments for AT, particularly for
expeditions. Planning is a little more complex, and the time scale for the process is longer, but the
rewards are usually well worth the effort. The sequence of planning is similar, additional
considerations are given below:
a.
Location. Unless the planner has personal knowledge of specific locations,
considerable research and advice is needed before deciding on a location.
Accommodation may be campsites, youth hostels or Army lodges. Advice on where to go
may be obtained from:
(1)
Regular or ex-Regular Army personnel, who have served overseas.
(2)
The Duke of Edinburgh’s International Award.
(3)
ACFA can suggest ACF Officers who have taken cadets overseas.
(4)
The Cadet AT Adviser.
(5)
Divisional SO2 AT desk officer.
(6)
ATG(A) website.
(7)
Pots-Exercise Reports (PXRs).
b.
Recce. A recce should be carried out; opportunities may be provided by visiting an
area on holiday, or by going with another group. If a recce is not possible as much
information as possible about the area should be obtained from guidebooks, maps, tourist
4-4
information, or from people who have been there. On arrival in the area, the opportunity
must be made to visit any potential areas of risk and carry out a risk assessment.
c.
Transport. Many groups choose minibuses as the preferred method of travel.
Rules for minibuses differ from country to country. Non-military vehicles (this may include
RFCA minibuses) must carry a waybill and be fitted with a tachograph when driving
abroad. Waybills can be obtained from the Confederation of Passenger Transport UK, who
can also offer practical information on what the vehicle must carry and the rules for driving
in different countries. Their web address is www.cpt-uk.org and their postal address:
Confederation of Passenger Transport UK
Drury House
34-43 Russell Street
LONDON
WC2B 5HA
Note: Many private hire firms no longer offer self-drive minibuses for overseas travel
because of increased insurance premiums as a result of the number of accidents involving
minibuses. There are also problems with driving licences for minibuses in some European
countries. Coaches with professional drivers are strongly recommended as an alternative.
d.
Insurance. The latest Defence Instruction and Notice (DIN) concerning Insurance
for Adventurous Training Activities must be read in conjunction with JSP 419 and AGAI
Volume 1, Chapter 11, details of which may be obtained through Regional Bdes/Dist. The
DIN deals with what activities are and are not covered by the MOD liability. The standard
liability does not cover all aspects of travel abroad, and a policy must be taken out in case
of travel problems, medical treatment, including repatriation in case of hospital stays, theft
or loss of valuables, and cancellation charges. The policy should also give public liability
cover. The ACFA/CCFA offer a competitive policy covering all the above; details may be
obtained from the ACFA/CCFA Insurance Officer. The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award also
offers foreign travel insurance, for Award activities; the Award Journal contains details.
Alternatively specialist insurance policies can be purchased from a wide variety of civilian
providers e.g. British Mountaineering Council, Active Ski, etc. In EU countries all those
travelling should also obtain, complete and bring with them a European Health Insurance
Card (EHIC), which gives reciprocal rights for free hospital treatment. The EHIC is
obtainable from Post Offices or from the Department of Health website:
www.dh.gov/policyandguidance/healthadvicefortravellers
e.
Passports. Passports are now required for every individual, and must have at
least 6 months to run prior to departure. In some Countries the Police may stop groups of
young people and require identification to be produced. Cadets should always carry their
passports where appropriate.
f.
Parental consent. This should be obtained for all AT exercises but assumes more
importance on overseas trips. For those under 18, parental consent must be obtained and
next of kin details for all in the party must be taken on the trip.
g.
Application for overseas visits. Application for overseas ventures must be made
using the JSATFA process for AT activities, even if the event is fully civilian in nature and
self-financing. See Section 1 para’s 1049-1051. OCP activities must receive permission
from SO2 Cadet Activities, HQ LF-PSC-Cadets.
h.
Allowable items. Provided the expedition is properly authorised, assistance from
MOD sources may be allowed. Items which cadet units may apply for are shown below,
4-5
and the relevant sections of the JSATFA are used to apply. However, it should be noted
that these are not granted automatically, and are at the discretion of the Brigade/District:
(1)
Remuneration, subject to the ratio of cadets to eligible adults.
(2)
CILOR.
(3)
Petrol coupons for Service vehicles in Germany.
(4)
Rail warrants for travel in UK.
(5)
Grants towards travel and accommodation.
i.
Discipline. Cadets may sometimes perceive overseas visits as a holiday. All
participants must be clear on what constitutes acceptable behaviour. In particular, care
must be taken in selecting cadets for overseas activities to ensure they have the necessary
maturity to gain the most from the experience.
j.
Prevention Plans. Expedition locations abroad, especially those to the developing
world, often pose additional problems associated with altitude, cold injury, heat injury,
hydration, health and hygiene. A prevention plan should be produced as a means of
recognising the risks posed and the measures that will be put in place to control them.
Example plans are included as Annexes to this section. The references shown below give
additional guidance as shown:
(1)
Altitude (Latest DIN on Altitude).
(2)
Cold Injury (JSP 535 Sect 6 para’s 0613 – 0622).
(3)
Heat Injury (Annex C and JSP 535 Sect 6 para’s 0603 - 0612).
(4)
Hydration Plan (Annex D).
(5)
Health and Hygiene (Annex E).
Annex:
A.
B.
Suggested Policy for the Employment of Freelance Instructors.
Post-Exercise Report (PXR).
C.
Heat Injury Prevention Plan
D.
Hydration Plan
E.
Health and Hygiene Plan
4-6
ANNEX A TO
SECTION 4
SUGGESTED POLICY FOR THE ENGAGEMENT OF FREELANCE INSTRUCTORS
Reference:
A.
B.
C.
JSP 419 JS Adventurous Training Scheme.
AGAIs Vol 1 Chap 11 Adventurous Training.
JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions.
1.
From time to time it is necessary to supplement the pool of Cadet Force Adult Volunteers
(CFAV) instructors with civilian freelance instructors on adult and cadet AT courses. They will be
engaged on a casual basis with the authority of ACF County Commandant/CCF Contingent
Commander. Wherever possible CFAVs should be used in preference.
2.
Suitably qualified freelance instructors should be engaged to act as Course Directors
and/or Course Providers for NGB training and assessment courses, where none exist in the
available CFAV team. It is also appropriate to use them to deliver lower levels of AT progression.
General conditions of engagement
3.
It should be a condition of engagement that all freelance instructors:
a.
Hold a valid award at the appropriate level for the work they are employed to
deliver.
b.
Maintain valid professional liability insurance cover in excess of £5 million.
c.
Present evidence of qualifications and valid log book on first engagement.
d.
Are fully paid-up members of any NGB or association that is required by the award.
e.
Operate within the relevant NGB and professional body rules.
f.
Hold a valid Criminal Records Bureau check to Enhanced Level (3 years old or
less) if working with cadets; this is to be presented to the ACF County Commandant/CCF
Contingent Commander for inspection – see also para’s 1024 d. and e. to Section 1.
g.
Follow the Course Training Programmes as issued by the Exercise CO, ACF
County Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander.
h.
Comply with host unit Standing Orders and sign to say that they have read and
understand them.
i.
Comply with the requirements of JSP 535 (a copy should be made available to
each instructor to be returned at the completion of engagement), which includes instructorgroup ratios and child protection procedures.
j.
If required to drive MOD leased mini-buses must hold a full driving license for
categories D1 (and E if a trailer is to be towed) and a valid civilian FMT 600.
k.
If required to drive students in their own private vehicle the vehicle must comply
with all road safety and vehicle excise duty regulations plus be covered by fully
comprehensive insurance that permits business use. The certificate must be presented for
inspection by the ACF County Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander on engagement.
4.
If the freelance instructor and their cadet group are accompanied by a CFAV, who feels
that the activity being undertaken is not suitable for the cadets, the CFAV has the right of veto.
4A-1
The CFAV cannot overrule the instructor in terms of safety and activity technical matters. The
CFAV is responsible for all pastoral matters only.
5.
If instructors are used from a recognised centre to deliver activities to cadets the centre
must be an approved centre and hold a license issued by the Adventure Activities Licensing
Service (AALS).
6.
Additional permission must be gained to use instructors for ‘expeditions’ or AT outside of
the 48/72 hours. This is obtained using the JSATFA and given by Divisional/District SO2 AT
officers. However, locally approved and suitably qualified instructors can be used in the event of
additional cover being required e.g. because of an instructor being taken ill.
ACCOMMODATION AND FEEDING
7.
The instructor can be offered accommodation and meals for the duration of the
engagement. Accommodation in camps will most often be in the form of a shared room with
communal washing and toilet facilities. Meals will be taken in the mess with the students if central
messing or Officers’ or WOs/Sgts Mess, whichever is the most appropriate. If accommodation ‘offcamp’ is used the instructor should leave a contact telephone number with the Exercise Leader.
No accommodation or feeding costs are to be invoiced unless with the express authority of the
ACF County Commandant/CCF Contingent Commander, who will keep a copy of the authorisation
in writing.
PAY
8.
Invoices should be raised as soon as possible after the period of engagement and sent by
either post or e-mail to the Cadet AT Adviser. To assist in the payment the invoice should include
the following details:
a.
Instructor’s name, company name and return address.
b.
Dates and details of the services provided.
c.
A breakdown of the fees charged.
d.
Details to allow payment by BACS – Bank name and sort code, account name and
number and an e-mail address for confirmation of payment.
9.
Rates of pay will often depend upon the level of qualification and must be negotiated with
the ACF County/CCF Contingent beforehand. A written copy of any agreement is to be made, one
copy for the instructor and one for the unit records. The agreement must specify exactly what
duties are to be undertaken. An example agreement is at Appendix 1 to this Annex.
10.
Commonly rates charged by freelance instructors (2010 rates) are:
a.
Lower award levels (e.g. WGL, SPA)
£90 - £100 per activity day
b.
Middle award levels (e.g. ML, L3 Coach)
£100 - £120 per day
c.
Higher award holders (e.g. MIA, L4 Coach)
£130 - £170 per day
d.
Highest level award holders (e.g. Mountain Guide) £250 plus per day
e.
NGB Courses – assistant instructors
£130 - £150 per day
f.
NGB Courses – Course Directors/Providers
£170 - £200 per day.
4A-2
11.
Payment of travel expenses. Travel costs should not be paid if the host unit provides
transport. It should be borne in mind that a freelance instructor can offset his travel costs against
tax by claiming £0.40 per mile (2010 rate). It is therefore reasonable not to pay travel expenses;
however, this is up to the host unit. If payment is to be made reasonable travel costs should be
included on the invoice and will be paid at the current Ministry of Defence Private Car Rate (PCR);
this rate changes from time to time. No higher rate is acceptable. Train fares – second class only,
air tickets and tolls should be supported with the relevant receipts in order to keep in line with the
host unit’s auditor’s instructions. Overnight costs and meals should not be paid.
12.
Procedure for payment.
a.
Invoice submitted to the ACF County/CCF Contingent for initial verification,
processing and payment.
b.
Payment should be promptly made and can be made by BACS or by cheque to the
payee as per invoice.
13.
Procedure for querying payment. In the event of problems concerning payments:
a.
Contact the ACF County/CCF Contingent by e-mail or post in the first instance. A
check will be made on the initial verification and processing. Most problems concerning
payment occur because the invoice has not been received.
b.
The ACF County/CCF Contingent will notify the instructor of the result of any
investigations.
COMMUNICATIONS
14.
The instructor should ensure that both the Exercise CO and ACF Cadet Commandant/CCF
Contingent Commander have their mobile phone number. In an emergency the primary means of
contact will be the mobile phone, which is more secure than many other means of communication.
NEXT OF KIN
15.
The Exercise CO and ACF County/CCF Contingent should also be in possession of details
of Next of Kin, any special dietary requirements and any medical conditions that may relate to the
performance of instructional duties.
Appendix:
1.
Example Letter Offering Short-Term Employment
2.
3.
Form of Agreement for the Engagement of a Fee-Paid Civilian
Fee Paid Civilian Next of Kin Form
4A-3
Intentionally blank
4A-4
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 4
EXAMPLE LETTER OFFERING SHORT-TERM EMPLOYMENT
Unit Letterhead/Block
Dear
SHORT-TERM EMPLOYMENT AS A CIVILIAN INSTRUCTOR THE CADET FORCES
I am writing to offer you a short-term appointment as a part-time instructor with (enter unit) at
(enter camp/venue). You will be employed to conduct a _____________________
_____
(state activity or course) for the period from ______________________to __________________.
You will be responsible to (enter name of person who is to be responsible for the instructor), and
your duties will be as directed by them. You will be delivering (state the level of activity to be
delivered). Technical equipment and PPE will be provided by (state by whom e.g. yourself or by
the unit). You will be required to provide your own clothing appropriate for the activity and
environment. You will also be required to provide your own meals.
As a condition of employment you are required to have the following National Governing Body
qualifications appropriate to the activity:
Select the activity/ies and level of award/s required and enter them here.
You are also required to provide evidence of your qualifications by sending a photocopy of your
qualification certificate attached to the Form of Agreement. You are also required to provide
evidence of your professional public liability insurance to cover the work you undertake for the
Ministry of Defence. (If driving duties are required add .) A valid UK driving licence and current
FMT600 is also required.
As you will be working with a national voluntary youth organisation, and instructing and working
with children and vulnerable adults, you may be asked to provide proof identity and of Criminal
Records Bureau (CRB)/Disclosure Scotland (DS) certification at enhanced level.
This agreement carries no right to annual leave, sick leave, superannuation or redundancy awards
and infers no rights to continuous employment. The fees for this appointment amount to
£___,__per day/hour and payment will be made in arrears on submission of an invoice. The
invoice must contain the bank and account details plus an e-mail address in order to permit a
BACS payment. This will be countersigned and authorised by the (State who) before being sent
for processing and payment by (State who).
Please confirm your acceptance of the terms outlined above by completing and returning to (state
who and give the address if different from the letterhead) the enclosed Form of Agreement
(Appendix 2) and Instructor Next of Kin Form (Appendix 3).
Signature Block
Enclosures:
Form of Agreement
Instructor Next of Kin Form
Proof of Criminal Records Bureau (CRB)/Disclosure Scotland (DS) certification at enhanced level
(if appropriate)
4A1-1
Intentionally blank
4A1-2
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 4
FORM OF AGREEMENT FOR THE ENGAGEMENT OF A FEE-PAID CIVILIAN
1.
I, ________________________________________________________________
(Names)
of _____________________________________________________________________
Being a British Subject and qualified to instruct as a
(state level of qualification)
in consideration of the fees to be paid under this agreement, hereby agree with the Secretary of
State for Defence to undertake the period of work indicated at
(State venue/camp)
_
from: _______________________________ to:__________________________________
2.
I shall receive fees for these services at the rate of £___,__ per day/hour*
3.
This agreement shall commence on
Dated this ____________________ day of _____________________________________
Signed: _____________________________
Qualification(s): _______________________
(Witness)Name: _______________________________________________________
Address: _____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
On behalf of the Secretary of State for Defence I hereby accept the foregoing.
Date: _________________________ Signature: ________________________________
Please attach the Next of Kin form and photocopies of NGB qualification certificates, professional
public liability insurance and proof of Criminal Records Bureau (CRB)/ Disclosure Scotland (DS)
certification at enhanced level (if appropriate)
* Please delete as appropriate
4A2-1
Intentionally blank
4A2-2
APPENDIX 3 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 4
RESTRICTED STAFF (WHEN COMPLETED)
FEE PAID CIVILIAN NEXT OF KIN FORM
Personal Details
Name
Title
Home Address
Post Code
Home Tel No.
Mobile Tel No.
Email address
Date of Birth
National Insurance
No
Next of Kin
1st Nominee
2nd Nominee
Name
Relationship
Daytime contact No
Evening Contact No
Mobile no
Address
Action Details??
Signed
Date
RESTRICTED STAFF (WHEN COMPLETED)
4A3-1
Intentionally blank
4A3-2
ANNEX B
TO SECTION 4
POST-EXERCISE REPORT (PXR)
1.
A PXR should be produced for all major AT exercises, and is always required when a
JSATFA was submitted. Its purpose is to highlight lessons learned and to provide guidance to
future expedition leaders. The style may be informal but the information should be factual.
Guidance notes are given in AGAI Vol 1 Ch 11 Annex C along with a template, which is
reproduced below for guidance:
a.
b.
Introduction. Should provide an overview of the expedition, including:
(1)
Expedition name and dates.
(2)
Unit(s) involved.
(3)
Countries/areas visited and general area of exercise.
(4)
Brief overview of what was achieved as a scene setter.
(5)
Expedition leader’s details.
(6)
Reference to JSATFA, which should be included as an Annex.
Expedition members. List all participants including their role.
c.
Aim. What was aim? Was it achieved? If not, why not? With hindsight would you
amend the aim, if so, how?
d.
Preparatory training. Give details of preparatory training carried out. Was it
enough, and sufficiently specific to prepare the participants?
e.
Expedition. Detailed information on the expedition content. A daily diary style
should be used, and should include the following:
f.
(1)
Day to day life – living conditions, food accommodation.
(2)
Activities and events – challenges encountered, solutions, compromises.
(3)
Changes to plans.
(4)
Team interaction and personality issues.
(5)
Supporting material – maps, photographs, charts sketches etc.
Publicity. Details of any publicity the expedition received before during and after.
g.
Finance. Funding, income and expenditure should be shown in a similar format to
the JSATFA. Any discrepancies or differences from the planned budget should be
highlighted with an explanation.
h.
Equipment. Comment on any equipment issued from service sources for the
expedition. Comments may also be made on the procedure for obtaining stores.
i.
Problems encountered. Problems and recommendations for improvement should
be listed including:
(1)
Access to and understanding of policy documents and procedures.
4B-1
(2)
Support from the chain of command.
(3)
Obtaining political or land clearance.
(4)
Obtaining CILOR or Ration Packs.
(5)
Obtaining instructors and use of civilians.
(6)
Finances.
(7)
Execution of the expedition.
(8)
Minor incidents or accidents. (Major incidents or accidents will require stand
alone reports).
j.
Information for future expeditions. This section should provide future expedition
leaders with information to assist their planning. Areas which may be considered are:
(1)
Planning timescales.
(2)
Admin details of the expedition area.
(3)
Level of difficulty for various activities.
(4)
Weather in the area.
(5)
Relevant documentation.
(6)
Medical information.
(7)
Equipment.
(8)
Insurance.
(9)
Sources of information/support.
k.
Lessons identified. The PXR is to include a Lessons Identified (LI) summary that
highlights the areas of concern during the AT expedition. The intent of the LI summary is
that it contributes to a collective Cadet AT Lessons Identified database so that issues are
addressed at a national Cadet AT management level in the following areas:
l.
(1)
Administration.
(2)
Training.
(3)
Logistical support.
(4)
Accidents/Incidents.
Distribution. Copies should be sent to:
(1)
Authorising HQ.
(2)
Assisting organisations.
(3)
HQ Land Forces Cadet AT Adviser.
(4)
CCAT CI/TSVO or AO.
4B-2
ANNEX C
TO SECTION 4
HEAT INJURY PREVENTION PLAN
General
1.
If much of the expedition will be conducted in very hot temperatures and will be subject to
the effects of the sun as well the awareness of all expedition members of heat injury and how it is
caused will be vital to maintaining the physical abilities of the group. Heat injury is caused when
the body is unable to cope with maintaining itself at suitable working temperature of 37oC. This
plan is intended to provide guidance on how the body’s systems can enhance or supplement the
sweating cooling mechanism. Sun-burn is an associated injury.
Causes
2.
The key to prevention is awareness by all expedition members to the risk of heat injury.
They must be conversant with the causes.
a.
Personal Factors:
(1)
Developing or recovering from another illness.
(2)
Dehydration due to altitude, recent fever, diarrhoea, vomiting or alcohol.
(3)
Lack of sleep – a problem at altitude.
(4)
Medication or drugs.
(5)
Previous heat injury (mild cases not needing hospital require a week to fully
recover).
b.
Activities:
(1)
Any vigorous exercise, inappropriate clothing or carriage of equipment – the
risk is increased in hot weather.
(2)
Sport – competitive element increases the risk.
(3)
Avoid activity in the middle of the day.
(4)
Spending too long in the sun during hot weather.
Prevention
3.
Water:
a.
Water is crucial in preventing heat injury since it allows the body to sweat and thus
lose heat. Drinking must be supervised before, during and after activity.
4.
b.
At least 3-5 litres of water will be required in hot weather.
c.
The hydration plan must be followed.
Clothing:
a.
SLIP on a shirt; SLAP on a hat; SLOP on sun cream.
4C-1
b.
The lightest clothing compatible with safety should be worn.
c.
Full body cover to prevent sunburn.
d.
Hat to shade head.
e.
Sun glasses to prevent sun injury to eyes.
5.
Activity Programme: Timetable activity for the cooler parts of the day.
6.
Key: Do not ignore early signs.
Treatment
7.
8.
Recognition:
a.
Agitation.
b.
Nausea or vomiting.
c.
Staggering or loss of co-ordination.
d.
Disturbed vision.
e.
Cramps.
f.
Dizziness.
g.
Confusion, collapse or loss of consciousness.
Immediate Action:
a.
STOP THE ACTIVITY – give first aid; reassess the risk to others; one case means
others are at risk.
b.
Lie casualty in the shade and raise feet if conscious.
c.
Immediately strip to underwear.
d.
Continuously spray or sponge the casualty’s whole body with cool water – NOT
ICED WATER.
e.
Fan casualty to improve ventilation.
f.
Give water to drink if conscious.
g.
Unconscious casualty should be placed in the ¾ prone position – they are likely to
vomit.
h.
Evacuate to medical care.
9.
Over-hydration: Hydration is important but over-hydration will not further reduce heat
illness and is in itself dangerous causing hyponatremia with severe medical consequences
(symptoms of nausea, vomiting, headache, irritation and loss of consciousness). The hourly rate
of fluid intake should not exceed 1½ litres.
4C-2
ANNEX D
TO SECTION 4
HYDRATION PLAN
General
1.
Adequate hydration will be vital to maintaining the physical abilities of the group. It is also a
scientific fact that dehydration can bring on the symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS).
Therefore the importance of adequate hydration should be covered within a medical briefing given
during the expedition training phase. If applicable the relevance of fluid intake to AMS prevention
will also be covered during a briefing on the “Effects of Altitude”.
Climate
2.
The timing of the expedition will have an effect on the weather conditions experienced and
will require research. For example if the timing of an expedition Mt Kenya in July/August the
higher parts of the mountain will be free of significant snow patches. As a result of this the
expected conditions should be hot and dry lower down and cold and dry at altitude during the
mornings and at night. By and large the mornings will be free from cloud but in the afternoons
cloud develops causing mist, rain and snow at higher altitudes. The effects of heat could be offset
by early starts and the use of shade during halts and lunch breaks.
Fluid intake
3.
All expedition members should be briefed to drink a minimum of 3 litres per person per day.
Prior to the expedition departing all team members will carry a minimum of 2 x I litre water bottles.
These should be replenished during the day as required from treated water from jerry cans filled
from available water sources.
Sterilisation
4.
Sterilisation will be by:
a.
Filtration. A method of filtration must be decided upon e.g. Millbank bags, filter
pumps, such as Katadyn Pocket Filters, or settlement using a chemical flocculent. This is
to be followed by;
b.
Chemical treatment. Iodine treatments are best and each member of the
expedition should take a supply from the UK. Once the water has been filtered it will
receive chemical treatment. All team members should sample iodine treated water before
departure in order to test for iodine allergy. Chlorine tablets can also be used but these do
not treat water contaminated with amoebic cysts or work well in cold water.
c.
Boiling. Water purification by boiling requires a minimum of 10 minutes at sea
level. This time increases with altitude as the boiling temperature of water decreases
with altitude making it an impractical method of ensuring safe drinking water. Boiling
can be used if no other methods are practical. The amount of available fuel may also limit
the use of this method.
Monitoring
5.
Each member of the group will be briefed on the importance of monitoring the other
members of the group for fluid intake. This is especially important when looking for signs and
symptoms of AMS if at altitude.
4D-1
Intentionally blank
4D-2
ANNEX E
TO SECTION 4
HEALTH AND HYGIENE PLAN
General
1.
It is essential that all members of the expedition have a good understanding of how to
ensure their good health and hygiene. By understanding the main causes of ill-health and by
following a few simple rules good health for the individual and the expedition can be maintained.
2.
All expedition members must receive training in:
a.
Water sourcing & treatment regime.
b.
Food handling and preparation.
c.
Toilet arrangements, routine and field sanitation.
d.
Disease Prevention.
3.
In the event of illness a plan should be in place that encourages the reporting of illness and
enables the SEGREGATION OF THOSE WHO ARE ILL!
Water
4.
Ingestion Borne Diseases (IBDs) can be a major source of ill health and include Cholera,
Typhoid, Hepatitis A & E, Food Poisoning, Dysentery and Intestinal Parasites. Dirty water is often
the source and is a major reason for expedition failure. Only drink water from an approved source.
A trusted source is essential!
5.
Water should not be used if it comes from:
a.
Below plantations, human habitation, industry, farms – check the source upstream
before use.
6.
b.
Glacial streams.
c.
Water sellers.
d.
Bottled water/soft drinks – check cap and seal for tampering.
e.
Ice unless made from sterilised or trusted water.
f.
Ice cream unless it is made from pasteurised milk.
g.
Water in cafes in very run-down/poor areas/underdeveloped countries.
Water Purification should be a two stage process:
a.
Clarification through filtering or sedimentation. Large quantities of water can be
treated with a chemical flocculent that encourages sedimentation.
b.
Sterilisation:
(1)
Boiling for 10 minutes at any altitude.
4E-1
(2)
Chemical sterilisation:
(a)
Iodine tablets, crystals or drops recommended.
(b)
Chlorine tablets – do not work well in cold water and not effective
against giardia and amoebic cysts.
(c)
Personal water filters – a careful choice is needed. Some with
ceramic filters are very effective and can deal with giardia, amoebic cysts
and viruses whilst others do not. Rules need to be put in place for cleaning
filters so that the resulting dirty water does not contaminate clean water
supplies or ground. Filters should be cleaned ‘in-country’ to prevent
contamination of home water sources.
(3)
Neutralising agents to remove the taste of iodine or chlorine should only be
used 30 minutes or more after sterilising.
Water bottles and Hydration Systems
7.
Wherever possible only sterilised water should be placed into water bottles or hydration
systems. Particular care should be taken to ensure that the bottle opening and bite valve are
sterilised and kept free from contamination.
8.
If dirty water is placed in a hydration system the water in the pipe may remain
contaminated even after sterilisation. It is for this reason sterilised water only should be placed in
hydration systems.
Food Handling and Preparation
9.
The old adage “If it cannot be cooked or peeled do not eat it” should be followed wherever
possible. Foods must be thoroughly cooked and served hot. Beware reheated warm food.
Vegetables and fruits should be washed and peeled before being served (see below). Caution
must be exercised with salads, which cannot be peeled. If in doubt do not eat it.
Kitchen Hygiene
10.
Kitchen Hygiene:
a.
All washing, rinsing and cooking water sterilised.
b.
All pots, pans, utensils washed, rinsed and disinfected before AND after use.
c.
peel.
Vegetables, salad and fruit – wash in mild disinfectant, rinse with treated water then
d.
Separate vegetable and meat waste store/dispose of well away from camp –
eliminates problems with wild animals.
11.
Personal/Staff Hygiene. Hand washing routine: this must be undertaken regularly and
routinely throughout the day:
a.
Before eating, cleaning teeth, preparing & serving food.
b.
After going to toilet or touching animals.
4E-2
c.
Water containing disinfectant is more effective because it removes particulate
matter. Gels and sprays are ineffective against dirty skin covered with particulate matter,
such as dust or mud, but can be easily carried in a pocket for regular use on ‘clean’ hands.
d.
ALL kitchen staff MUST follow the routine; training may be needed.
12.
Front of House. The ‘Four bowl/bucket routine’. This routine is most effective in ensuring
a high level of group hygiene before and after meals. Four bowls/buckets are filled and used as
follows:
a.
Bowl 1 – HAND WASH – disinfected water.
b.
Bowl 2 – RINSE – plates, mug and irons – hot water.
c.
Bowl 3 – WASH – plate, mug and irons – hot water with washing up liquid.
d.
Bowl 4 – RINSE – plates, mug and irons – disinfected water.
This routine is to be carried out BEFORE AND AFTER all meals. There must be no food residue,
which poses a food poisoning hazard, left on the plates, mug and eating utensils.
13.
Cross contamination is a common cause of IBDs therefore knife, fork, spoon, plates and
mug are for personal use only. NO SHARING!
Toilet Arrangements: Routine and Field Sanitation
14.
All expedition members need to be made aware of the issues concerning toilets. There are
environmental and hygiene issues to consider as well as those relating to the use of primitive
facilities.
15.
Good personal hygiene must be observed after going to the toilet. All expedition members
should have a supply of zip-lock plastic bags, toilet paper, matches or cigarette lighter and handwash gel.
16.
Latrines should be constructed if a camp is to be more than for a short period or if the
number of people is high. Consideration must be given to the site of the latrines in order to
prevent any possible contamination of the local water supply. As a general rule all used toilet
paper should be burnt. A thin layer of soil should be scattered over the faeces to reduce the insect
problem.
17.
If no latrines are made, faeces should be buried. Once buried especially in colder climates
decomposition is slow. It is important that the designated site is well away from water courses or
areas of storm run-off since it is possible that the contamination risk will be present for several
months or longer.
18.
‘Long drop’ toilets are often just deep holes in the ground. They may be left completely
open, covered with a simple wooden floor with a hole in it or a wooden ‘thunder’ box with a lid. A
wooden shed, tent or canvas screen may provide a degree of privacy. It is normal practice to burn
all toilet paper unless this presents a fire hazard. Doors and lids should be closed after use to
reduce the problem with animals and insects. If the hole is not covered care must be taken not to
fall in!
19.
Some people are reluctant to use primitive toilet facilities and after several days become
constipated. All expedition members must be made aware of the dangers to personal health of
constipation. Some are reluctant to drink the correct amount of fluid during the day, young
females in particular. In the past this has led to urinary infections, kidney infections and major
4E-3
health problems. It is far better and healthier to stay ‘regular’ and hydrated. Training in the use of
primitive facilities may be required.
Disease Prevention
20.
Vector Borne Diseases are caused by a bite from an infected insect or indirectly through
insects or animals contaminating our food, water or environment e.g. Malaria, Lyme Disease,
Leishmaniasis, Sleeping Sickness, Dengue Fever, etc. The most common insects responsible are
mosquitoes, fleas, lice, bed-bugs, sand flies, horse flies, ticks, leeches.
21.
All expedition members must receive a briefing on the vector borne diseases they will most
likely face, the signs and symptoms, how they may be prevented and what to do if the signs and
symptoms develop during or after the expedition. This should be given by a doctor or military
environmental health specialist.
22.
The most common means of prevention is ‘bite avoidance’ where a concerted effort is
made to reduce the risk of being bitten by wearing appropriate clothing, footwear, head-nets and
insect repellent whenever the risk is present. Training should be given in the use of mosquito
nets. Clothing can be washed in some types of insect repellent giving the clothing additional
insect repellent qualities. Care should be taken in disposing of any surplus fluid since it is classed
as toxic waste and must not be allowed to enter the water system.
23.
Inoculation against those diseases most prevalent is strongly recommended, such as
rabies. Prophylaxis medication should be taken as prescribed e.g. anti-malarial pills, before,
during and after the expedition.
24.
It should be remembered that a risk of disease is still present on return from expedition in
dirty clothing and equipment, which should be cleaned and sterilised as soon as practicable.
4E-4
SECTION 5 – COUNTY ADVENTUROUS TRAINING STAFF
County/Contingent Adventurous Training Officer (CATO)
5001. Experience has shown that when an officer is appointed to take responsibility for AT and
OCP, the quality of the activities offered is enhanced. It is recommended that ACF Counties
appoint such a person and in CCF Contingents a member of staff is detailed to oversee AT
activities even though the AT Officer is not an established post. It is unlikely that CCF Contingents
will have enough staff to be able to provide an Assistant Training Officer or a Training Team.
5002. Obtaining AT and OCP leader, instructor or coach qualifications are a time consuming and
often costly undertaking. Pre-requisite awards, training courses, consolidation periods and
assessments must all be undertaken and once the award is gained it must be maintained.
Successful instructors delivering quality activity should be considered specialised instructors since
gaining the expertise will have taken a long time.
5003. Suggested role:
a.
Main purpose. To ensure that the widest possible range of progressive outdoor
adventurous activity is available to every cadet in the County/Contingent, carried out safely
and effectively, by well motivated, properly qualified supervisors and trainers.
b.
Detailed tasks:
(1)
To hold a RATO qualification in order to be able to sign off JSATFAs.
(2)
To sign-off all County/Contingent OCP activity, exercise and expedition
applications.
(3)
To promote the benefits of AT to all members of the County/ Contingent.
(4)
To advise the Commandant/Contingent Commander on all matters relating
to AT.
(5)
To encourage participation in AT at detachment and company level.
(6)
To set up and command a team of qualified supervisors and trainers.
(7)
To draw up and monitor a programme of activities so that those wishing to
undergo Stage 2 and 3 activities are able to do so.
(8)
To oversee all AT carried out in the County/Contingent ensuring that the
correct instructor-student ratios are adhered to and standards of safety and
professionalism are maintained. (See Section 1 Annex B).
(9)
To encourage CFAV showing an interest in AT to pursue the required
supervisors’ qualifications.
(10) To encourage the older cadets to commence gaining supervisors’
qualifications in their chosen activity(ies).
(11) To put in place a system to monitor the log book progression of officers, AIs
and senior cadets seeking or holding supervisor’s qualifications.
Amdt 1
(12) To ensure the County/Contingent holds the necessary equipment for the
fullest possible range of activities.
5-1
(13)
To maintain the equipment in good order, and replace it when necessary.
(14)
To be aware of local opportunities and facilities for AT and OCP.
(15) ACFs. To liaise with in ACFs the Cadet Executive Officer, County Training
Officer, the County DofE Officer and Company Commanders to ensure that unit AT
receives the appropriate support.
(16) CCFs. To liaise with the Contingent Commander, Head Teacher, Deputy
Head (Trips and Visits Coordinator), SSI and CTT.
(17) To keep up to date with the latest techniques, equipment, qualifications and
activities by regular contact with Cadets Branch, HQ LF, Brigade/District AT staff
and by obtaining relevant military and civilian publications.
Assistant County/Contingent Adventurous Training Officer
5004. The CATO may need an assistant to help with many of the day-to-day tasks. This should
be a SNCO. Specific tasks could be:
a.
The issue and maintenance of centrally held equipment and clothing.
b.
Oversight of safety standards and quality of delivery as directed by the CATO.
c.
The day-to-day administration of the AT and OCP programme.
d.
To keep up-to-date with new techniques and activities.
e.
Other tasks within his/her ability as directed by the CATO.
County/Contingent Adventurous Training Team
5005. In order to deliver AT and OCP effectively at County/Contingent level, the establishment of
an AT team is recommended. The size of the County/Contingent and the availability of qualified
personnel will govern the composition and size of such a team. While it is an advantage to have at
least one member of staff as a full time AT and OCP Officer, most other members of the AT and
OCP team can be part-time, e.g. CCF Section Officers or ACF CFAVs posted to an ACF
Detachment or Company HQ, and able to deliver military training. The individuals may then use
their Paid Training Days (PTDs) on AT activities at weekends or longer periods. This will require
all concerned to attend initial training up to and including the AIs course or CCF Basic Course at
Frimley Park.
Amdt 1
5-2
SECTION 6 – THE CADET CENTRE FOR
ADVENTUROUS TRAINING (CCAT)
General
6001. The CCAT was established at the Capel Curig Training Camp, North Wales as the ‘one
stop shop’ for all Army Cadet AT matters in March 2010. The CCAT will conduct the annual
programme of Cadet Proficiency and National Governing Body (NGB) courses from the base in
North Wales but will also retain a foot print in Halton Training Camp, Lancaster and Dingwall,
Scotland to ensure courses can continue to be delivered geographically closer to meet the Cadet
organisation demand for AT courses.
6002. The CCAT establishment is as follows:
a.
Cadet AT Advisor – responsible for Cadet AT policy.
b.
OC CCAT (who also covers the roles of Chief Instructor and Training Safety
Validation Officer) – responsibility for the delivery of and safety management of all Cadet
AT.
c.
CCAT Administrative Officer (AO) – responsible for the administration of all CCAT
courses.
d.
CCAT RQMS – responsible for all CCAT equipment and transport requirements.
6003. The CCAT will be structured to provide:
a.
The overarching Cadet AT policy.
b.
Annual programme of JSAT and NGB qualification courses.
c.
Additional programme of quality log book experience courses to ensure candidates
are fully prepared for qualification assessment courses. Increasing the spectrum of JSAT
courses available to the CFAVs to include ski touring, winter climbing and alpine
mountaineering.
d.
Expedition planning and organisation advisory cell.
e.
Quality Assurance and AT Delivery Advisory Cell.
f.
Safety and Risk Management Advisory Cell.
g.
Equipment safety, maintenance and purchase advisory cell.
h.
Maintain a database of AT qualified CFAVs.
i.
Maintain an AT lessons identified database.
j.
Maintain the database of accredited Cadet JSAT Distributed Trainers and oversee
the DT application process.
Courses available
6004. The CCAT provides a range of centrally organised courses for both cadets and CFAVs.
These include:
6-1
a.
Week long proficiency courses for cadets in rock climbing, mountain walking,
kayaking, open canoeing or caving. Proficiency courses are conducted as Distributed
Training (DT) and offer the same training as at the Joint Services Mountain Training Centre
(JSMTC). A Certificate from the JSMTC will be issued. Courses are open to any cadet
member of the CCF (Army) and ACF, who is normally over 16, a volunteer, and has a
genuine interest in the activity. Exceptionally 15 year old cadets, whose birthday falls in
that academic year (1 Sep – 31 Aug) may attend CCAT courses if given a personal
recommendation from the County Commandant or Contingent Commander.
b.
Proficiency courses for adult staff in the same activities:
(1)
Two are run over 3 weekends, in recognition of the difficulties experienced
by many adults in getting time off work during the week.
(2)
One course is run over 5 consecutive days mid week for those who are able
to obtain the time off.
c.
Week long winter mountaineering and skiing courses. These courses are open
to both cadets over 16 and adults. Cadets can attend the skiing courses from the age of
fourteen.
d.
NGB training and qualification courses. These are open to all those over 18,
except where annotated, who wish to gain NGB qualifications as follows:
(1)
Single Pitch Award (SPA) Trg and Assess.
(2)
Climbing Wall Award (CWA) Trg and Assess.
(3)
Walking Group Leader Award (WGL) Trg and Assess.
(4)
Summer Mountain Leader Award Trg and Assess.
(5)
Winter Mountain Leader (WML) Trg.
(6)
BCU UKCC Coach Level 1 (16 years old).
(7)
BCU UKCC Coach Level 2 Trg and Assess (17 years old).
(8)
Old BCU Coach qualification to BCU UKCC Level 1 and Level 2 transfer
courses.
(9)
Foundation Safety and Rescue Training (FSRT) and White Water Safety
and Rescue (WWSR).
(10) 2 Star generic, 3 Star Trg and Assess (Canoe, Kayak, Sea, Surf), 4 Star
Leader Trg and Assess (Canoe, Kayak, Sea, Surf).
(11)
Snowsport Scotland Alpine Ski Leader (ASL).
e.
JSAT qualifications. The following list of JSAT qualifications are available to all
over 18’s, except proficiency qualifications which are open to over 16’s; see the CCAT
website for details:
(1)
Summer Mountain Proficiency (SMP), JSMEL(S) – endorsed on successful
completion of the NGB MLS course, Advanced JSMEL(S).
6-2
(2)
Rock Climbing Proficiency (RCP), Rock Leader Training (RLT), JS Rock
Climbing Leader (RCL).
(3)
Kayak Foundation Course (KFC), Open Canoe Proficiency Course (OCP).
(4)
Cave Proficiency (CVP).
(5)
Winter Mountain Proficiency (WMP), Winter Leader Progression (WLP).
(6)
Winter Climbing Proficiency (WCP).
(7)
Basic Ski Alpine (BSA), Ski Tour Proficiency (STP), Advanced Proficiency
Alpine (APA), Tour Leader Training (TLT).
(8)
Alpine Mountain Proficiency (AMP).
f.
Experience courses. The following list of experience courses will be available to
assist candidates preparing for NGB or JSAT qualifications and will include the opportunity
for additional logbook experience plus technical training focussed workshops. These
experience courses will be conducted during weekends spread throughout the year.
(1)
NGB. MLS, WGL, CWA, SPA, BCU UKCC Coach Level 1 and 2, 3 Star and
4 Star.
(2)
CCAT. Basic Rock Climbing, Basic Caving Course (1 week).
(3)
JSAT. multi pitch rock climbing introduction, scrambling introduction, white
water kayak or canoe introduction.
(4)
Wilderness First Aid. 2 x weekend courses to gain a first aid qualification
recognised by the NGBs and appropriate for expedition leaders.
(5)
Regimental Adventurous Training Officer (RATO). 1 weekend course to
qualify unit RATOs.
(6)
Expeditions. Scotland mountaineering, sea kayaking and open canoeing.
France Ardeche open canoe and kayak.
6005. The National CCAT programme of courses is published in October or November each
year, and is posted on the AT Website. Course vacancy letters are published periodically
throughout the year.
CCAT Course Bookings
6006. Application is by a simple one page form. All course bookings will be centralised through
the central course booking cell via the CCAT Unit Admin Officer (UAO). Joining Instructions will
be sent to successful applicants. The cost of the courses is nominal, usually around £30 for a
week long Proficiency course, and up to £45 for NGB courses. Some courses are run overseas;
these will require a substantial personal contribution, not less than one third of the total cost.
6007. The address and telephone numbers of CCAT can be found on the AT website.
6-3
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6-4
SECTION 7 – HEALTH AND SAFETY
PART 1 - INTRODUCTION
Reference:
A.
JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions: Section 4 - Accidents and Incidents; Section 5
Risk Assessment; Section 20 Prevention of Accidents During Outdoor Activities; and Section 21
Prevention of Accidents During Training on Water.
B.
Cadet Safety Manual 2009.
General
7001. Both References A and B must be followed when ensuring that AT and OCP is planned
and conducted in a safe manner. Reference A contains the procedures that are to be followed.
Reference B gives much greater detail of these procedures. The following information is specific
to AT and OCP. It is to be used to supplement these procedures and not to replace them.
Duty of Care
7002. In order to carry out the Duty of Care to participants in AT and OCP activities, there are a
number of factors to be taken into account by those who plan and conduct them. The principle
factors are shown below:
a.
b.
c.
Before the activity:
(1)
Thorough planning.
(2)
Matching the activity to the abilities of the participants.
(3)
Effective training and briefing of cadets and instructors.
(4)
Adequate supervision – correct qualifications and ratios.
(5)
Ensuring equipment is fit for purpose and in serviceable condition.
(6)
Obtaining information on weather conditions.
(7)
Assessment of risks.
(8)
Implementation of a robust safety and risk management plan.
During the activity:
(1)
Adequate and effective supervision.
(2)
Ability to change plans to match changing situations.
(3)
Constant monitoring of potential dangers.
(4)
Immediate and appropriate action in an emergency or accident.
After the activity:
(1)
Amdt 1
Debriefing of instructors on potential problems.
7-1
(2)
Recording of “near miss” incidents.
(3)
Examination of equipment for damage before storage.
(4)
Completion of equipment usage logs.
(5)
Reporting any damaged equipment and removing it from use.
(6)
Review of risk assessments.
(7)
Sharing of information on problems and solutions.
Safe System of Training (SST) and Risk Assessments
7003. Reference B, para’s 12-16 contains more information. The SST must be followed at all
times when conducting AT and consists of four elements which are:
a.
Safe Persons – qualified instructors, correct ratios between instructors and cadets
and students at the correct level for the envisaged training.
b.
Safe Equipment – equipment used in training is to comply with the latest
regulations for the activity, routinely inspected and maintained – inspection and
maintenance logs kept where necessary.
c.
Safe Practice – the activities conducted to be approved, safe to conduct and safely
delivered.
d.
Safe Place – the venue is to be suitable for the planned training, potential risks
identified and controls measures to reduce them to an acceptable level put in place.
7004. The Risk Assessment Proforma (Reference A, Sect 5, Annex A) provides a
straightforward method of recording a risk assessment. Those completing a Risk Assessment for
an AT exercise should be familiar with the risk assessment process (see Reference B, Annexes
H and I), and qualified in the AT activity. There are three recognised methods of risk assessment:
a.
Dynamic. These are mental assessments made by the instructor/ leader/ coach
before and during the training taking into account varying factors and additional risks as
they arise. Dynamic RA control measures are put in place by communicating with the
group. It is unlikely that these will be recorded unless they will have a permanent bearing
on future training e.g. the rerouting of a descent path due to rock fall, which should then be
added to the Formal RA. Instructors are reminded that to follow blindly a route plan
because it has been risk assessed could be dangerous if conditions have changed.
Alternative ‘poor weather’ routes should be considered at the planning stage. Sensible
changes to the planned activity/route, within keeping with the overall authorised training
aim occurring as a result of a dynamic risk assessment, is permitted, such as taking an
easier route thus shortening the day. This does not permit a change of plan to attempt
something more difficult, such as, taking in an unplanned scramble, when the aim was only
footpath walking, or paddling Grade 3 water, when the original plan was only to cover
Grade 2.
b.
Formal. These may be based on generic RAs with additional hazards and control
measures included to cover additional identified risks at a specified site, such as an area
subject to loose rock at a climbing venue, or the formation of a ‘hole’ during certain water
conditions on a river descent. One-off activities require this type of risk assessment.
Before leaving camp or starting training a dynamic assessment of some variables such as
weather, environmental conditions and group fitness can be recorded on a simple form
(Annex A to this section) and added to the RA, thus making it a formal assessment.
7-2
c.
Generic. This type is a formal RA conducted for commonly undertaken training e.g.
classroom based lectures, travel on a minibus, or for activities where the risks are similar
for each occasion the training is undertaken. (See Section 3 for example RAs of this type).
These should be reviewed regularly
Use of Camping Stoves
7005. One of the biggest attractions of adventurous training is that the cadets are taught to
become self-reliant. One of the biggest areas where this can be achieved is when cadets are
permitted to cook their own meals. Solid fuel stoves are widely used during military training
activities and how to use them safely is taught from the outset of the cadet’s career. Such stoves
are simple to use, the fuel easily stored and are also well understood by cadets. On adventurous
training activities solid fuel stoves can have severe limitations. It is accepted practice that
commercially available camping stoves are used. Camping stoves come in two main types:
a.
Liquid fuel stoves. Some are not pressurised, like the Trangia stove (see Annex
B to this Section), which burns methylated spirits. Others are pressurised stoves where
the fuel is kept in a reservoir or bottle that is pressurised using a small hand pump, such as
the MSR Whisperlite International, Coleman Peak (see Annex C to this Section). A
variety of liquid fuels may be burnt, such as petrol, white gas, Coleman fuel,
kerosene/paraffin; these must be used in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions.
There are serious safety issues surrounding the storage of fuel and re-fuelling stoves.
b.
Gas stoves. Some are fuelled with a cylinder that is pierced, like the old fashioned
Camping Gaz Bluet stove with the blue gas cylinders. Once pierced the cylinders cannot
be removed safely until all of the gas has been used. This type of stove is not usually
recommended for use by cadets but it is recognised that in some parts of the world this
type of gas cylinder is the only type available. Other types of stoves use self-sealing
cartridges, such as the MSR Pocket Rocket, Jetboil and Primus Gravity Gaz Stove. The
first two types use the gas cartridge as a base, which causes stability and flaring issues.
The latter has the gas cartridge attached to the stove by means of a hose, which greatly
improves the stability but has an added risk of the hose being caught in the gas flame (see
Annex C to this Section).
PART 2 – ACCIDENTS, INCIDENTS AND NEAR MISSES
Accident Procedure
7006. Reference A, Section 4 of JSP 535 must be followed in the event of an accident. More
detail is contained in Reference B (Cadet Safety Manual). All leaders, instructors and coaches
are to be familiar with it. It is important to ensure that procedures are properly adhered to and
nothing is done or omitted which might prejudice further investigations or actions. The flow chart
on page 21 has been designed to ensure all aspects are covered. All accidents and near misses
are to be reported to the Army Incident Notification Cell (AINC).
Managing Accidents, Incidents and Near Misses
7007. In the event of an accident it is important to ensure that procedures are properly adhered to
and nothing is done or omitted which might prejudice further investigations or actions. Section 4 of
JSP 535 - Cadet Training Safety Precautions, gives a summary of the actions to be taken and
must be followed. The remainder of this section gives greater detail in what actions are to be
taken and when. The “Accident Procedure Flow Chart” and the “Accident Procedure Flow Chart
for ECOs, CEO, Commandants and Contingent Commanders” are useful aide-memoires in
dealing with, and the reporting of, accidents or incidents. All AT Instructors are to be made aware
of the action to be taken in the event of an accident or incident and the reporting procedure.
7-3
Immediate Action
7008. This section confirms the actions needed to be taken by AT staff during and after an
accident, incident or near miss. The effect of any accident or incident can be significantly
worsened by failure to carry out the necessary remedial action properly and, conversely, can be
lessened by prompt and effective action including timely and accurate reporting.
7009. If an accident or an incident does occur, the first actions are:
a.
Ensure the safety of the remainder of the group.
b.
Ensure the safety of the casualty and administer first aid.
c.
Summon the emergency services as necessary and recover any casualties.
Secondary actions for the Senior Instructor
7010. After carrying out the immediate actions of removing anyone involved from further danger
and the rendering of first aid the following sequence of actions should be taken:
a.
A MOD F 492 must be sent with each casualty.
b.
Notify the Exercise Emergency contact or CEO/Contingent Commander and, if
necessary, the police.
c.
Obtain the details of any witnesses, where appropriate.
d.
If possible photograph any equipment in situ. Isolate the equipment for further
examination, such as skis for binding checks.
e.
Secure any damaged property.
f.
Arrange for the recovery of personnel, equipment and any damaged vehicle with
ACF County staff such as the CEO or Contingent Commander or his/her staff.
g.
Assist with the necessary follow-up action as soon as practicable including the
completion of the MOD F492.
Actions following an Incident for the OC Exercise/Exercise Leader in conjunction with the
County HQ/CEO or Contingent Commander
7011. The following actions must be taken as soon as possible after the incident has been
reported by the senior instructor:
a.
For major injuries: see JSP 535 Sect 4 para 0411 for the procedure:
(1)
Immediately inform the Joint Casualty and Compassionate Cell (JCCC).
(2)
Inform the chain of command including the despatch of an Increp.
(3)
Complete the accident/incident reporting procedure, which includes MOD
F492.
(4)
Allocate a Liaison Officer.
(5)
Arrange visits to casualties and next of kin as appropriate.
7-4
b.
For minor accidents or incidents:
procedure:
(1)
see JSP 535 Sect 4 para 0409 for the
Inform AINC.
(2)
Inform next of kin: ACF HQs are responsible for doing this; CCFs are to
follow school procedures.
(3)
Copies of the completed MOD F492 are to be sent to AINC, the chain of
command and appropriate RFCA.
c.
Establishing the facts of the incident JSP 535 Sect 4 para 0417.
d.
Evaluating initial reports to determine whether it is prudent to allow the exercise to
continue or whether to cancel the exercise including RTU of all those involved. Any
decision must take into account many factors, before confirming that it is prudent to allow
the activity to continue. Factors to be considered include:
(1)
The timing and location of the incident.
(2)
The nature of injuries and the number of casualties involved.
(3)
Environmental factors prevailing at the time.
(4)
The mental state of exercise participants (particularly that of the leader and
AT instructors).
e.
The temporary suspension of the leader/instructor/supervisor from any further
involvement with the exercise unless the facts show that they were not at fault. If the facts
indicate possible leader/instructor/supervisor error they should be suspended from duty.
They must take no further part in that activity until an inquiry can make a recommendation
to re-instate the individual. It should be made clear to any leader/instructor/supervisor, who
is suspended, that the decision to suspend in no way presumes guilt or culpability.
f.
The Cadet AT Adviser and SO2 Cadet Activities, HQ LF must be informed of the
accident or near miss and the results of any enquiry.
Documentation to assist in dealing with accidents, incidents and near misses
7012. The following documents should be available as required to assist leaders/instructors/
coaches in dealing with any accidents, incidents and near misses.
a.
Accident Procedure Flow Chart (Annex C Section 7). A copy of this chart must
be carried by each instructor. It is a useful aide-memoire in dealing with accidents.
b.
Accident Procedure Flow Chart for CEO/Contingent Commanders (Annex D
Section 7). This chart provides a useful aide-memoire for CEOs and Contingent
Commanders in dealing with incidents and should be readily available.
c.
AT Accident/Incident Report Checklist (Annex E Section 7). All instructors
should carry a copy so that they are able to record information contemporaneously when
the situation permits.
Accident and incident recording
7013. Responsibility for ensuring accidents and incidents are recorded rests with the
CEO/Contingent Commander.
7-5
7014. All minor and major incidents, accidents or incidents are to be recorded in the Unit Incident
Book; notifiable incidents must also be recorded following HSE guidelines.
7015. All near misses are to be logged in the Unit Incident Book. This is not a procedure for
apportioning blame, but to ensure other instructors are aware of possible hazards or problems. All
instructors should read the Incident Book at the beginning of each exercise. The entries should be
discussed at the next Unit Instructor Conference so that all instructors are aware of the lessons to
be learned if any.
7016. The CEO/Contingent Commander should read the book regularly and assess whether
future training needs and working practises need to be amended.
Duty of care when casualty requires clinic/hospital treatment
7017. Where a cadet incurs a minor injury but receives treatment at a clinic or hospital, the Duty
of Care remains with the Unit although the clinic/hospital is responsible for medical care. A CFAV
is to remain with the cadet until the cadet is either admitted to or discharged from hospital. This
role can be delegated.
7018. For major injuries where a cadet is admitted to hospital, arrangements should be made for
regular visits by the OC Exercise/Exercise Leader or his delegate. Should the parents or guardian
choose to visit the cadet, the OC Exercise/Exercise Leader or their delegate should meet them on
the initial visit.
Unit Accident/Incident Report
7019. Units should maintain an Incident Book, which is to be used to record the following:
a.
Accidents that lead to injuries.
b.
Any incident that could have had an impact upon safety or training including
notifiable incidents. Some incidents will be of a purely administrative nature e.g. “height
restriction barrier installed at AB car park”, whilst others may have implications for health
and safety e.g. “loose block near top of abseil X” or “campsite at GR123456 contaminated
with human waste, use campsite at GR113446 instead”.
Investigation
7020. The type of investigation or inquiry needed following an accident or incident depends on its
severity. Full details are contained in JSP 375 Leaflet 14.
7021. An accident resulting in death or serious injury or which may have significant health or
safety implications is likely to be subject to external investigation; civil or military.
7022. When there is no external or directed enquiry, the ACF Cadet Commandant/Contingent
Commander is to initiate an internal investigation that should involve the CEO/Contingent
Commander, OC Exercise/Exercise Leader, Activity Senior Instructor and other activity specialists
as required (unless temporarily suspended from duty). Other appropriately qualified individuals
may be co-opted to observe or be part of the panel. The investigation will be internal and will
focus on the circumstances of the accident or incident, the findings of which may be used by MOD
to accept or deny any subsequent claim for compensation or public liability claim for damages.
Copies of all documents, which could be relevant to a future claim, should be retained on file for a
minimum of 7 years.
7023. It should be noted that whatever the severity of the accident/incident, details are to be
entered in to the Incident Book/Accident Register.
7-6
Lessons Identified (LI) Database
7024. As a matter of routine, cadet units conducing AT expeditions will be required to contribute
to the CCAT “Lessons Identified” (LIs) database through the PXR procedure (Annex E to Section
4 of this Manual). From the 1 Apr 2010, cadet units are to send a copy of expedition PXRs to the
AO CCAT.
7025. The LI database will inform any changes to policy, the course syllabuses and help to
develop a proactive rather than reactive process in dealing with safety management issues.
Quality Assurance
7026. The CCAT will be responsible for Cadet AT Quality Assurance through the OC CCAT. In
liaison with ACF Cadet Commandants, CCF Contingent Commanders and TSAs a programme of
AT Advisory Visits to unit AT activities and expeditions will be initiated. The purpose of the AT
Advisory Visits will be as follows:
a.
To moderate training and ensure standardisation of AT delivery in accordance with
current safe and best practice.
b.
To ensure qualified AT leaders/instructors/coaches are current and competent.
c.
To ensure robust AT safety and risk management procedures are implemented.
d.
To ensure the Cadet AT policies are applied.
e.
To inform the AT LIs database and to recommend changes to AT policies and the
qualification course syllabuses.
f.
To ensure AT equipment is fit for purpose, well maintained in accordance with
manufacturer’s guidelines, regular checks are conducted and PPE registers are in place.
Annex:
A
Daily Safety Checklist
Appendix 1. Daily Safety Checklist Risk Assessment Code Descriptors
B.
Policy for the use of Methylated Spirit (Trangia) Camping Stoves
C.
Policy for the use of Pressurised Liquid Fuel Camping Stoves
D.
Accident Procedure Flow Chart for Instructors
E.
Accident Procedure Flow Chart for the Exercise Director, CATO, CEO or
Contingent Commander
F.
Accident/Incident Report Checklist
7-7
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7-8
ANNEX A
TO SECTION 7
DAILY SAFETY CHECKLIST
Activity
Date/Time
Location
Instructors
Total No in Group
Vehicle Details
ETR
Before you leave with your group please read and confirm you have checked the following by
ticking the box. Leave the form and route card with the Emergency Contact.
 Do you hold the right qualification for the activity you are supervising?
 Are you working to the correct ratio?
 Have you checked the equipment you will be using for damage, missing items, etc.?
 Have you read the activity risk assessment and made amendments if required?
 Have you carried out a safety briefing, or planned one for delivery on site?
 Have you checked the vehicle you will be using?
 Have you obtained and looked at a local weather forecast?
 Do you know how to contact the Emergency Contact Point?
Have you got their details?
 Do you have blank accident report form(s)?
 Have you checked students for:
o
Old or current injuries, medical form, fitness?
o
Watches, rings, studs, etc., which may cause injury during the activity?
o
Appropriate clothing and equipment for the weather conditions and activity?
Instructor
Ability
Instructor
Familiarity
Local
Weather
Student Ability
Environmental
Conditions
Activity
Choice
Total
Score
Total
Grade
1
Expert
1
Current
1
Very
Competent
1
Good/Fine
1
Friendly
2
Controlled
7-13
LOW
2
Very
Experienced
2
Familiar
2
Competent
2
Poor
2
Awkward
5
Complex
14-19
MED
3
Skilled
3
Unfamiliar
3
Inexperienced
4
Inclement
4
Unstable
10
Difficult
20-39
HIGH
4
Newly
Trained
4
Unknown
4
Novice
8
Stormy
8
Hostile
20
Hazardous
40-48
V.
HIGH
Thank you for taking the time to carry out this check.
Signature:
Have a safe day.
Mobile Number:
7A-1
Intentionally blank
7A-2
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX A
TO SECTION 7
DAILY SAFETY CHECKLIST RISK ASSESSMENT CODE DESCRIPTORS
1.
Instructors and risk assessors should understand the cumulative effect of risk areas
prior to allocating a final ACTIVITY CODE grade. As such, all Instructors/Leaders conducting
Risk Assessment must be aware of ‘down playing' various subjective and objective difficulties
in order to 'reduce' the activity risk.
2.
A sensible and professional approach must be undertaken AT ALL TIMES. Instructors
are also required to carry out continuous dynamic risk assessments that may have an impact on
the overall initial assessment.
3.
An attempt has been made to provide generic code descriptors. For the sake of brevity
the examples used are mountaineering and paddlesport coaching awards and environmental
and weather conditions for mountain areas and rivers. Other activities should use a similar
approach when identifying relevant level.
4.
INSTRUCTOR ABILITY
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Expert
Very
Experienced
Skilled
Newly
Trained
5.
1
•
An instructor who has extensive knowledge of the activity
with substantial long-term experience of associated risks.
•
The instructor is likely to also have practical experience of
emergency procedures.
•
Will hold higher level awards e.g. military AJSMEL(S);
civilian MIA/MIC; Level 4 Kayak coach or an equivalent level
qualification.
2
•
An instructor who may be lesser qualified e.g. JSMEL(S),
JSRCI, MLS, MLW or Level 3 Coach but is likely to have extensive
experience as above.
•
They should have a broad knowledge of the activity and
associated problems with some experience of emergency
procedures.
3
•
An instructor who is lesser qualified than above or who is
newly qualified e.g. JSMEL(S), MLS, ML(W), RCL, SPA, or Level 3
Coach.
•
They must be well practised in ALL potential problem areas.
•
May not have personnel practical experience of emergency
procedures.
4
•
A recently qualified instructor or leader at ANY level within
the appropriate activity e.g. military MLT, RLT, civilian WGL, SPA,
Level 2 Coach.
•
Caution required in adverse conditions, or with
inexperienced students.
INSTRUCTOR FAMILIARITY
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Current
1
•
The Instructor/Leader has detailed knowledge of the area
and is current.
7A1-1
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Current
(contd.)
•
They are aware of the potential hazards involved, in respect
of the activity undertaken.
Familiar
2
•
The Instructor/Leader is familiar with the area, though not
extensively.
•
Knowledge of potential hazards, appropriate to the activity
is well known.
3
•
The Instructor/Leader has recent transitional knowledge of
similar activity areas and potential hazards, but is unfamiliar with
the particular chosen location.
•
An instructor leader, who normally teaches mountaineering
in the Lake District but is required to teach in Scotland, may be an
example.
4
•
The Instructor/Leader neither knows the particular chosen
activity area, nor has recent transitional knowledge.
•
Instructors or leaders who are unfamiliar in activity areas
and without any 'up to date' available information may fall into
this category.
Unfamiliar
Unknown
6.
STUDENT ABILITY
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
1
•
A student who is at the appropriate course level and has
enough experience to cope adequately with the activity.
•
Must be mature and self-efficient to deal with all potential
problems, (even without the presence of the instructor/leader) and
show a high level 'duty of care'.
2
•
A student who is both capable and proficient to cope with
the activity diversities and be capable of taking care of themselves
in most situations.
•
The student must be sensible with 'duty of care'.
3
•
A student who has undertaken the activity before, yet
potentially lacks proficiency to work unobserved.
•
The Instructor/Leader must have prior knowledge of the
individual to award a higher level of competency.
4
•
A student who is completely new to the activity or is
unknown to the instructor/leader.
•
Most students on day one of an activity fall into this
category.
Very
Competent
Competent
Inexperienced
Novice
7.
LOCAL WEATHER
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Good/Fine
1
•
Calm weather conditions, which do not impede the activity.
7A1-2
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Poor
2
•
Weather conditions such as rain, increased winds or
changes in ambient temperature, which may affect activity.
4
•
Weather conditions that are likely to affect activity, such as
constant rain, sleet or snow, high winds, or large changes in
ambient temperature.
•
Weather conditions combined with certain environmental
conditions may lead to increased dangers, such as when
traversing a narrow ridge in high winds.
8
•
Extremely poor weather conditions e.g. storm force winds,
thunderstorms, which will certainly affect the activity and therefore
student performance.
•
The overall activity risk is very likely to increase from that
initially identified.
Unstable
Stormy
8.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Friendly
Awkward
Unstable
Hostile
1
•
Environmental conditions that do not hinder the activity in
any way.
•
The environment should not be a concern to any student,
either physically or psychologically.
•
Conducting single pitch climbing activities with safe routes
up/down or placid water canoeing conditions are examples.
2
•
Environmental conditions that may impede activity progress
in some way, such as steep wet grass slopes, loose rock or scree
slopes.
•
Students may feel some psychological concern when
learning new skills e.g. learning basic lead climbing or running
rapids.
4
•
Environmental conditions, such as gale force winds, heavy
snowfall causing whiteout conditions, high water levels in streams
and rivers, which may inhibit activity performance.
•
Students are likely to demonstrate unease, which impairs
instructor’s/leader’s ability to safeguard individuals.
•
Awkward conditions may lead to this increase in
environmental dangers. Individual anxiety may also hinder activity
performance.
8
•
Environmental conditions are likely to inhibit activity
performance.
•
There may be a risk of uncontrollable objective dangers,
e.g. avalanche, flash flooding.
•
Students are highly likely to demonstrate increased anxiety,
related stress, apprehension or even fear.
7A1-3
9.
ACTIVITY CHOICE
Code
Points
Description
(a)
(b)
(c)
Controlled
Complex
Difficult
Hazardous
2
•
The Instructor/Leader is expected to be in full control of
activity.
•
Occasionally students may need to perform tasks unaided,
such as belaying or basic lead climbing, however, the instructor
must always be in position to assist or stop activities.
5
•
The activity has areas of safety that are reliant on the
student performing previously learnt safety skills, which, if
performed wrongly, may lead to an accident.
•
Activities that rely on students performing safety tasks
without Instructor’s/Leader’s presence; most assessments fall into
this category.
10
•
The activity requires that student to perform previously learnt
safety skills in conditions that are more hazardous.
•
The perception of 'risk to life and limb’ increases, and in
some circumstances may be real.
•
Detrimental changes in weather, increased environmental
objectivity and psychological factors affecting students are some
potential problems.
20
•
More reliant on advice and instructor/leader support.
•
Heightened individual and group arousal may lead to either
stress or distress, both of which may dangerously affect the
activity.
•
It is only in exceptional circumstances that this level of
activity should be undertaken. The activity should be amended to
reduce the score.
7A1-4
ANNEX B
TO SECTION 7
POLICY FOR THE USE OF METHYLATED SPIRIT (TRANGIA) CAMPING STOVES
Reference:
A.
B.
C.
JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions.
Trangia Instruction Leaflet.
Expeditions Risk Assessment.
Introduction
1.
The methylated spirit stove sold under the trade name of Trangia, has been widely used by
youth groups, including the cadet movement, for over 30 years. When used in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions it is a safe and effective stove for individual cooking in the field.
There have been a number of accidents involving Trangia stoves in recent years, which has
highlighted failures in training and supervision.
2.
This document is to clarify the safe system of training with regard to Trangia stoves being
used by cadets and adults. It is imperative that all who are using Trangia cookers are trained in the
approved methods.
3.
Any member of the instructional staff who is not totally clear on the approved use of
Trangia Stoves and the Trangia “safety cap” fuel bottle should speak to their Unit AT Officer or
TSA who can arrange for instruction to be given.
4.
All who are to be issued Trangia stoves are to be trained in the approved use of the stoves
and the fuel bottles.
Fuel and Fuel Containers
5.
Only methylated spirits is to be used in Trangia stoves. Gas conversions are available; see
Annex C to Section 7 for the policy on correct use.
6.
The methylated spirits is to be kept in its original container until the time of issue. Any
leftover fuel is to be returned to the original container for storage. All fuel must be removed from
the burner units when being backpacked or stored.
7.
Only plastic Trangia “safety cap” fuel bottles are to be used to carry fuel ready for use.
8.
Fuel must be decanted into fuel bottles in an open and airy space, preferably outside, and
away from all sources of ignition.
9.
All students are to be shown how to use the safety cap correctly.
Fuelling and Lighting
10.
When preparing to light a Trangia stove all of the group’s fuel bottles are to be placed in a
fuel dump at least 5m away from the cooking area and 5m away from other flammable objects
such as tents. The fuel is to be shaded from direct sunlight.
11.
The Trangia stove is to be erected and placed on a flat stable surface. Under no
circumstances are the cookers to be placed in a tent. In extreme conditions cooking may take
place in the tent porch with the student cooking from inside the tent.
12.
The brass burner unit is to be taken by hand to the fuel dump and enough fuel poured into
the burner unit to cook the meal. The burner can then be replaced back in the stove.
7B-1
13.
The fuel can then be ignited using matches, windproof lighter or a paper tissue wick.
Matches should not be dropped in the burner unit.
14.
It should be noted that in certain light conditions the flame created by burning methylated
spirits is not visible.
Cooking
15.
If the weather is good, cooking should take place away from the door of the tent and away
from routes used by other group members so that there is no danger of the stove and pans being
knocked by someone entering the tent or passing by.
16.
Under no circumstances are the stoves to be used inside a tent. In extreme
conditions, cooking may take place in the tent porch with no part of the stove being under the
fabric of the tent, with the student remaining inside the entrance for protection. If there is only one
entrance to the tent no one is to attempt to go in or out of the tent while cooking is taking place. If
another entrance is available this must be kept free from obstruction to ensure that swift egress is
possible. A severe fire risk can be posed by the stove being subjected to strong winds resulting in
a flame being blown outside of the windshield.
Refuelling
17.
If the burner unit runs out of fuel, and more cooking is required, it is to be left until cool to
the touch and taken by hand to the fuel dump for refilling. Under no circumstances is the burner
unit to be refuelled in situ. Relight the fuel as above.
18.
If the burner is not out of fuel, but still requires topping up, it must be extinguished as below
and allowed to go cool to the touch before the burner is refuelled at the fuel dump.
Extinguishing
19.
To extinguish the burner unit, make sure the simmer ring is closed, and put it on the burner
unit. Give the flame time to go out. Do not try to blow the flame out. Do not try to extinguish the
flame with water. Either action will cause the stove to flare up.
20.
Use the back of the hand to carefully feel for heat from any remaining flame. Do not touch
the metal of the stove, as it will still be hot enough to burn. Once the metal is cool enough, the
simmer ring may be removed. If practical, it is best to let the stove burn itself out.
21.
Once the burner unit is cold then the screw lid may be replaced.
7B-2
ANNEX C
TO SECTION 7
POLICY FOR THE USE OF PRESSURISED LIQUID FUEL CAMPING STOVES
Reference:
A.
B.
JSP 535 Cadet Training Safety Precautions.
Expeditions Risk Assessment.
Introduction
1.
At times pressurised liquid fuel stoves may be used especially when students are training
for expeditions into areas where other fuels are unobtainable. Pressurised liquid fuel stoves when
used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions are safe and effective for individual
cooking in the field. There have been a number of accidents involving these stoves, which has
highlighted failures in training and supervision.
2.
This policy is to clarify the safe system of training with regard to pressurised liquid fuel
stoves being used by cadets and CFAVs. It is imperative that all who are using these stoves are
trained in the approved methods.
3.
Any member of staff who is not totally clear on the approved use of pressurised liquid fuel
stoves should speak to the AT Officer or TSA who can arrange for instruction to be given.
4.
All students, who are to be issued pressurised liquid fuel stoves, are to be trained in the
approved use of the stoves and must be able to clean and maintain the stove as required.
5.
All stoves are to be inspected for suitability and serviceability by the instructor prior to use.
Types of Pressurised Liquid Fuel Stoves
6.
Pressurised liquid fuel stoves fall into two main categories:
a.
Pressurised gas stoves with either a screw on and off removable self-
sealing gas cartridge e.g. Trangia Gas Conversion burner, MSR “Pocket Rocket”,
Jetboil or a cylinder that is punctured e.g. Camping Gaz stoves (the blue cylinder).
b.
Liquid fuel stoves that burn a variety of fuels, such as petrol, paraffin, white
spirit, contained in either a removable pressure bottle (e.g. MSR “Whisperlite
International”), or an attached pressure vessel (e.g. Coleman “Peak”).
7.
Each stove has advantages and disadvantages. These should be assessed before the
type of stove is selected for use.
Gas Stoves
8.
General Considerations.
a.
Gas burners are easily affected by the effects of wind. If they are to be used
efficiently the flame needs to be protected from the wind. ‘Windshields’ such as
rucksacks, boots, tent flysheets, food packaging, etc. need to be kept away from the
flame due to the fire risk.
b.
Stoves that are mounted directly onto the top of the cylinder are unstable and
require support. When this type of stove topples over there is a rush of liquid gas into the
burner resulting in a large flare or flame causing a fire risk. They should be sited so that
the effects of wind and passing people do not cause a topple risk. Such stoves should
7C-1
not be used in a position where toppling will allow the hot pan contents to cause scold
injuries.
c.
Stoves that have the gas supply attached by means of a flexible hose are more
stable and usually have a fuel pre-heat pipe reducing the risks from flaring. The flexible
hose can be caught in the flame causing a severe fire risk. For safe use the cylinder
must be kept upright and as far away from the stove as the hose will allow. As the
pressure reduces in the cylinder or if the cylinder is cold the flame is less powerful and
cooking time is increased. There is a temptation to place the cylinder over the flame to
increase the pressure. This technique is not to be taught since it increases the risk of
explosion.
d.
Accidents resulting in deaths and severe injury have been caused as a result of
gas stoves being stored inside the tent at night. Butane gas, which is a common fuel
used in most gas cylinders is heavier than air. If it leaks from a stove it pools on the
groundsheet gradually filling the air space from the ground up. Anyone sleeping in this
tent will succumb to the effect of gas poisoning. Stoves must be stored outside of the
inner tent. It is good practice to remove the cylinder from the stove when not in use.
9.
Storage and disposal of empty canisters. Gas cylinders should be kept cool and stored
in the shade out of direct sunlight. They should also be kept away from heat sources and naked
flames. Empty gas cylinders still contain gas and should be responsibly disposed of. They should
not be incinerated due to explosion and fire risk.
10.
Self-Sealing Gas Cartridge Stoves. Where possible only self-sealing gas cartridge
stoves are to be used as there is a lower fire risk. It is recognised that in some parts of the world
this type of stove and fuel will not be available.
Stoves using pierced canisters.
11.
Gas stoves of this type e.g. Camping Gas Bluet stove, should not normally be used due to
a high fire risk if the cylinder is incorrectly fitted. There is no way of stopping the contents of the
gas cylinder escaping. The resultant gas cloud could then drift across a naked flame and ignite.
When fitting or replacing a gas cylinder:
a.
Do so in a ventilated and airy place; ensure that there are no naked flames
nearby. Gas can leak even from an apparently empty cylinder.
b.
Ensure that the stove is turned off before the burner assembly is unscrewed from
the gas cylinder housing.
c.
Check that the black rubber ‘O’ ring is in place – if missing DO NOT USE OR
MAKE ANY ATTEMPT TO FIT A GAS CYLINDER.
d.
Place the cylinder into the holder and lock into place.
e.
Check that the burner is turned off. Then screw the burner back onto the cylinder
housing taking care not to cross thread it. After a few turns slight resistance will be met
as the cylinder is pierced. Continue to screw the burner until it is fitted pinch tight.
f.
When removing an EMPTY cylinder vent the cylinder clear of gas in a well
ventilated space free from nearby naked flames. Ensure that the stove is turned off then
unscrew the burner, remove the empty cylinder and replace with a full one if required.
7C-2
Stoves using self-sealing gas cartridges
12.
Stoves that use the self-sealing gas cartridge are the recommended type of gas stoves to
be used. These stoves are often small, easy to use, light and control and are often used when
cooking under tent flysheets (See para 28 below) due to the simplicity of operation. Good
ventilation must be maintained to eliminate the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning. Cooking in
a confined space, such as a group shelter, is not to be permitted.
13.
Prior to fitting the gas cylinder the stove is to be inspected. Ensure that the stove is
correctly assembled and follow the instructions given in para 11a-c and 11f above.
Pressurised Liquid Fuel Stoves - MSR/Coleman type
14.
This type of stove is much more complex and requires far more training in order to be able
to operate them safely. The stove consists of a fuel reservoir, burner unit and a pressure pump.
The burner unit requires cleaning and pre-heating before it will operate efficiently. Users must be
able to maintain and clean the stoves when in the field in order that they remain in a safe and
operational condition. A regular maintenance routine should be in place. Dedicated maintenance
kits including authorised spare parts, washers, seals and tools will be required for each stove.
Fuel and Fuel Containers
15.
The liquid fuel is to be kept in its original container until the time of issue. Any leftover fuel
is to be returned to the original container for storage. All fuel must be removed from the fuel
bottles/reservoirs and returned to the original containers after the expedition.
16.
Stoves where the fuel bottle is attached by means of a fuel line must only be used with the
fuel bottles prescribed for use by the manufacturer with that stove. Sigg type bottles are only to be
used to transport additional fuel which must be decanted into the authorised fuel bottle.
17.
Fuel must be decanted into fuel bottles in an open and airy space, preferably outside, and
away from all sources of ignition.
18.
Once stove use has finished the removable fuel bottle (MSR type) or complete stove
(Coleman type) should be taken to the central fuel dump.
Fuelling and Lighting
19.
A ‘no smoking’ rule must be in force within 10m of the fuel dump or when refuelling or
lighting stoves.
20.
All of the group’s fuel bottles are to be placed in a fuel dump at least 10m away from the
cooking area and 5m away from other flammable objects such as tents. The dump should be cool,
in shaded from direct sunlight.
21.
The stove is to be erected and placed on a flat stable surface.
22.
Under no circumstances are the stoves to be used in a tent. In extreme
conditions, cooking may take place in the tent porch with no part of the stove being under
the fabric of the tent, with the student remaining inside the entrance for protection. If there
is only one entrance to the tent no one is to attempt to go in or out of the tent while
cooking is taking place. If another entrance is available this must be kept free from
obstruction to ensure that swift egress is possible. A severe fire risk is posed by the
pre-heating flame that may flare up above the stove and the hot burner when in
operation.
7C-3
23.
Removable fuel bottles and, when cold to the touch, Coleman Peak type stoves are to be
taken by hand to the fuel dump and refuelled.
24.
The stove should have been maintained, cleaned and pricked after its last use and before
it is lit. On multi-fuel stoves ensure that the jet is matched to the fuel to be used.
25.
The manufacturer’s instructions must be followed when priming and lighting the stove.
26.
Before pressurising the fuel ensure that the regulator tap is turned off. When priming the
stove use priming paste/fluid or allow only enough fuel to be released to ensure the pre-heat flame
is kept to a reasonable size. Ensure that the regulator tap is turned off as the stove pre-heats.
27.
If fuel is seen to be leaking from anywhere other than the burner it should be extinguished
immediately (see below) and removed from use until it has been maintained and repaired.
Cooking
28.
If the weather is good, cooking should take place away from the door of the tent and away
from routes used by other group members so that there is no danger of the stove and pans being
knocked by someone entering the tent or passing by.
29.
In bad weather if no hard shelter is available all students should be inside the tent. The
stove may be placed a short distance from the door of the tent, but not underneath any part of it.
The pre-heating flame poses a severe fire risk, which means the stove should be placed in the lee
of the tent. The student who is cooking can then sit inside the tent keeping as dry as possible
while cooking. If there is only one entrance to the tent no one is to attempt to go in or out of the
tent while cooking is taking place. If another entrance is available this must be kept free from
obstruction to ensure that swift egress is possible. It must be emphasised that this is very much a
last resort.
Refuelling
30.
If the stove requires refuelling under no circumstances is the stove to be refuelled in situ.
a.
Coleman type stoves. These stoves are to be left until cool to the touch and taken
by hand to the fuel dump for refilling.
b.
MSR type stoves. The fuel bottle can be removed with care; the pressure inside
the bottle must not be released until at the fuel dump well away from the hot burner and
other naked light sources; this prevents a fire risk.
Extinguishing
31.
Extinguish the stove by turning the regulator tap to ‘off’. Give the flame time to go out. Do
not try to blow the flame out. Do not try to extinguish the flame with water. Either action will cause
the stove to flare up.
32.
In some lighting conditions residual flames will not be visible. Use the back of the hand to
carefully feel for heat from any remaining flame. Do not touch the metal of the stove, as it will still
be hot enough to burn. Once the metal is cool enough it can be moved.
7C-4
ANNEX D
TO SECTION 7
ACCIDENT PROCEDURE FLOW CHART
ACCIDENT/INCIDENT
Ensure Safety of Self and Remainder of Group
Ensure Safety of Casualty
TRIVIAL
MINOR
MAJOR
ADMINISTER FIRST AID
No further treatment
required
Immediate
Evacuation Not
Required
Contact Emergency Services (See
below)
Record details of
accident on site
On return complete
accident report,
make entry in Incident
Book
Inform Unit senior rank/emergency contact of
details of accident and casualty(ies)
Wait at RV for emergency
services and assist if required.
Complete accident report MOD F
492
SENDING FOR HELP
1.
First Aider to stay with casualty.
2.
Select two fit and capable persons to go for
help.
3.
Write a message containing the following info:
a. Name of group.
b. Brief details of incident.
c. 6 figure grid reference.
d. Number and names of casualty(ies).
e. Time the accident occurred.
f. Nature of injury(ies), and first aid
administered.
g. State of remainder of party.
4.
Look after condition and morale of remainder of
group. Ensure appropriate first aid continued.
5.
On arrival of emergency services offer
assistance if required, send adult or friend with
casualty.
EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nearest telephone:
Nearest hospital:
Mountain Rescue: 999 Ask for Police
Emergency Contact:
Name:
Home:
Work:
5.
Parent Unit:
6.
Parent Unit:
Professional Rescue
Services Required
Complete
accident report
(MOD F492).
Take casualty to
hospital or doctor
at first opportunity.
Ascertain which hospital
casualty taken to.
Send adult with casualty(ies).
Make notes on accident using CHECK LIST
Check equipment in use at scene of accident. Mark and
isolate for later investigation
Identify eye witnesses and TAKE DETAILS.
If appropriate continue activity or return group to base
On return, complete accident report, make entry in
accident book.
7D-1
Intentionally blank
7D-2
ANNEX E
TO SECTION 7
ACCIDENT PROCEDURE FLOW CHART FOR
EXERCISE DIRECTOR/CATO/CEO/CONTINGENT COMMANDER
Accident/Incident Reported by Senior Instructor
IMMEDIATE ACTION
DURING/AFTER CONTACT WITH SENIOR INSTRUCTOR:
ON GROUP’S RETURN:
1.
1.
Check welfare of individuals.
2.
Follow advice given by emergency services for group
and individual counselling.
3.
Arrange for writing of statement of facts – no collusion,
questioning or prompting.
4.
Make arrangements for the statements of fact to be
collected and securely stored.
5.
Domestic arrangements – arrange feeding, availability of
beverages, re-rooming, meeting area, etc as required.
Confirm the following:
a. Have the Emergency Services been summoned.
b. Location of Incident. Inc Grid References (GR).
c. No. of Casualties.
d. Type of Casualties.
e. Hospital receiving casualties.
f. Name of accompanying adult / friend.
2.
Inform JCC, INCREP / NOTICAS to JCCC (Major
Injuries)
3.
Inform AINC (Minor injuries).
4.
What is the location of the group now?
5.
Who is in charge of them?
6.
Make arrangements to recover group, equipment,
vehicle, emergency driver, etc. if required.
SECONDARY ACTION
AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE:
DUTY OF CARE
1.
1.
2.
Notify the following:
a.
AINC if not informed.
b.
CM, CCAT TSO, Cadet AT Adviser and SO2 Cadet
Activities, HQ Land Forces.
c.
ACF CEOs and CCF Contingent Commanders (or
School Head Teachers) during working hours or their
home phone out of working hours. If not possible the
local Division/District Duty Officer.
2.
Obtain MOD form 492(s) from group leader and forward
these to:
a. G Cadets, Division/District,
b. Casualty’s Unit HQ.
c. DFOT, ACFA.
3.
Make entry in Accident Book and Near Miss Book.
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Inform Next of Kin.
Arrange CFAV to visit casualties in hospital on a regular
basis.
CFAV to be present at the first visit by NOK.
Suspend the Activity Instructor/s pending investigation –
this does not imply guilt.
Withdraw from use and isolate any equipment involved in
the incident and store separately. It is not to be modified
in any way.
Suspend further training activity until an interim
investigation or advice suggests it is safe to allow it to
continue.
Implement any temporary safeguards as required.
FOLLOW-UP ACTION
1.
Unit Internal Investigation Panel to be formed if no formal investigation
is initiated.
2.
Investigation into the facts of the incident will take into account:
a. Working practices.
b. The planned activities for the day.
c. Training activity at the time.
d. Roles of participant.
e. Weather.
f. Group factors.
g. Instructor qualifications and experience.
3.
Report published. It will be a statement of the facts of the incident and
will not apportion blame.
4.
Revision of Course Training Plans in light of report.
5.
Revision of Risk Assessments in light of report.
6.
Report made available to Cadet AT Adviser and HQ Land Cadets
Branch for dissemination up the chain of command as required.
7.
Disciplinary action as required will be initiated by Cadets Branch HQ
Land Forces.
7E-1
If Formal
Investigation is
initiated ensure that
the ensuing report is
complied with in full.
Intentionally blank
7E-2
ANNEX F
TO SECTION 7
ACCIDENT/INCIDENT REPORT CHECKLIST
Date:
Time:
Activity Supervisor:
Name, Rank, No., Tel no.
LOCATION OF ACCIDENT:
Grid Ref:
Exact location:
Terrain/water:
Weather:
DESCRIPTION OF ACCIDENT/INCIDENT: Activity:
Date/Time:
Outline description of incident:
Subsequent Action Taken:
Names of eye-witnesses:
INJURED/KILLED PERSON(S): Name(s):
Age:
Unit:
Description of injuries:
First Aid given:
CASUALTY EVACUATION: Agency involved: Police/Ambulance/Mountain Rescue/Self Rescue
Time of arrival of rescue service:
Time of evacuation:
Hospital casualty taken to:
Name of Adult/Friend accompanying:
MOD form 492 sent with casualty:
Yes/No
WHO HAS BEEN INFORMED:
Emergency Contact:
(Name)
Unit Senior Officer
Police
Yes/No
Time
Yes/No
Yes/No
Time
Time
OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION (continuation sheets or on reverse of this form)
7F-1
Intentionally blank
7F-2
SECTION 8 – USEFUL CONTACTS
8001. The list below is not definitive and additional information can be obtained via the Cadet AT
Adviser or through individual NGB websites.
Divisional AT Staff Officers
2 Div
SO2 G7 AT
Headquarters 2 Division
Annandale Block, Craigiehall
South Queensferry EH30 9TN
Tel: 0131 310 2524
4 Div
SO2 G7 ( AT)
Headquarters 4 Division
Steele’s Road, Aldershot
Hampshire GU11 2DP
Tel: 01252 347453
5 Div
SO2 G7 ( AT)
Headquarters 5 Division
Copthorne Barracks
Copthorne Road
Shrewsbury SY3 7LT
Tel: 01743 262066
LONDIST
SO2 G7 Trg (PD)
Headquarters London District
Horse Guards
Whitehall
London SW1A 2AX
Tel: 0207 414 2402
JSMTC Indefatigable
Plas Llanfair
Llanfair PG
Anglesey
LL61 6NT
01248 718360 (Trg Offr)
01248 718305 (Admin Clerk)
Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
Capel Curig Training Camp
Capel Curig
Conwy
LL24 ODS
Tel 01690 720 308 (Admin Officer) or 282 (Fax).
see
www.armycadetadventure.info
Cadet & Military Websites
The Cadet AT Site is at:
www.armycadetadventure.info
HQ ATG(A) internet website:
www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/Home/
then search for “Adventurous Training
NGB Websites
www.thebmc.co.uk
www.mltuk.org
www.mlte.org
www.bcu.org.uk
www.british-caving.org.uk
www.snsc.demon.co.uk
www.bsac.com
www.armycadets.com
www.ctcfrimleypark.army.uk
www.armycadetsandtheaward.org.uk
www.cvqo.co.uk
www.aircadets.org
www.army.mod.uk/atg
www.army.mod.uk/army_canoeing
www.theama.org.uk
www.rncom.mod.uk/YouthCadets/CCFRN/CC
FRN.aspx
www.sea-cadets.org
Other Websites
www.theaward.org/
www.metoffice.gov.uk/loutdoor/mountainsafety/
mountaincall.html
www.mwis.org.uk
www.sais.gov.uk/latest-forecasts.asp
www.thetrainline.com
www.mlta.co.uk
Professional Associations
www.ami.org.uk
www.baiml.org
www.uimla.org
www.basi.org.uk
www.padi.com
Medical and travel sites
www.lymediseaseaction.org.uk
www.traveldoctor.co.uk
Amdt 1
8-1
Intentionally blank
8-2
GR
Grid reference
HNTBs Home Nation Training Boards
HQ ATG(A) HQ AT Group (Army)
HQ LF HQ Land Forces
HR&R High Risk and/or Remote
HSE
Health and Safety Executive
ISIA
International Ski Instructors Award
IML
International Mountain Leader
ITC
Initial Training Course (ACF only)
JS
Joint Service
JSAML JS Alpine Mountain Leader
JSAT JS Adventurous Training
JSATFA Joint Service Adventurous Training
Form (ALPHA)
JSCI
JS Canoe Instructor
JSCVI JS Cave Instructor
JSCVL JS Cave Leader
JSLCL JS Local Cave Leader
JSMEL JS Mountain Expedition Leader
JSMEL(S) JSMEL Summer
JSMEL(W) JSMEL Winter
JSMLT JS Mountain Leader Training
JSMTC JS Mountain Training Centre
JSMTC(I) JS MTC (Indefatigable)
JSP
JS Publication
JSRCI JS Rock Climbing Instructor
JSRCL JS Rock Climbing Leader
JSSEL JS Sea Expedition Leader
JSSI
JS Ski Instructor
JSSIA JS Ski Instructor Alpine
JSSIN JS Ski Instructor Nordic
JSSTL JS Ski Tour Leader
KGVI King George VI Memorial Leadership
KISU Group Shelter Trade Name
LEA
Local Education Authority
LCML Local Cave and Mine Leader
MBL
Mountain Bike Leader
MBORL Mountain Bike Off-Road Leader
MCI
Mountaineering Council of Ireland
MCS
Mountaineering Council of Scotland
MCT
Mobile Climbing Tower
MCW Mountaineering Council of Wales
MIA
Mountain Instructor Award
MIAS Mountain Bike Instructor Award Scheme
MIA(S) Mountain Instructor Award (Summer)
MIC
Mountain Instructor Certificate
ML
Mountain Leader
MLS
Mountain Leader (Summer)
MLT
Mountain Leader Training
MLTE Mountain Leader Training England
MLTI
Mountain Leader Training Ireland
MLTS Mountain Leader Training Scotland
MLTW Mountain Leader Training Wales
MLW
Mountain Leader (Winter)
NABs National Awarding Bodies
NCA
National Caving Association
NEC
National Executive Council
NGB
National Governing Body
NSL
Nordic Ski Leader
OAA
Outdoor Adventurous Activity
OCC
Open Cockpit Kayak
Glossary
AALA
AALS
ABCC
ABD
ACFA
ACOP
AGAI
AGM
AMI
AMS
ANSI
APC
ASBI
ASL
ASSI
AT
ATSYS
BAIML
Adventure Activities Licensing Authority
Adventure Activities Licensing Service
Association of British Cycling Coaches
Automatic Belay Devices
Army Cadet Force Association
Approved Code of Practice
Army General Administrative Instruction
Annual General Meeting
Association of Mountain Instructors
Acute Mountain Sickness
American national Standards Institute
Army Proficiency Certificate
Artificial Slope Snowboard Instructor
Alpine Ski Leader
Artificial Ski Slope Instructor
Adventurous Training
Adventurous Training System
British Association of International
Mountain Leaders
BASI
British Association of Snowsport
Instructors
BCA
British Caving Association
BCU
British Canoe Union
BCU UKCC BCU UK Coaching Certificate
BEL
Basic Expedition Leader
BELA British Expedition Leader Award
BHPA British Hang Gliding & Paragliding
Association
BGA
British Gliding Association
BMC
British Mountaineering Council
BOB
British Off-road Biking
BPA
British Parachute Association
BRC
Basic Rock Climbing
BS
British Standard
BSA
Basic Ski Alpine
BSAC British Sub-Aqua Club
BSCA British Schools Cycle Association
CCAT Cadet Centre for Adventurous Training
CCFA Combined Cadet Force Association
CCK
Closed Cockpit Kayak
CE
Canoe England
CFAV Cadet Force Adult Volunteer
CIC
Cave Instructor Certificate
CILOR Cash In Lieu Of Rations
CANI Canoe Association Northern Ireland
CPD
Continuing Professional/Personal
Development
CTP
Course Training Plan
CTT
Cadet Training Team
CVP
Cave Leader Proficiency
CVT
Cave Leader Training
CWA Climbing Wall Award
DIN
Defence Instruction and Notice
DT
Distributed Training
EAP
Emergency Action Plan
EASP Exercise Action Safety Plan
EC
European Commission
EHIC European Health Insurance Card
FE
Further Education
FS&RT Foundation Safety & Rescue Training
Amdt 1
G-1
OCL
OCP
ORP
OTC
OU
OWSI
PADI
Open Canoe Leader
Other Challenge Pursuits
Operational Ration Packs
Off-road Training
Open University
Open Water Scuba Instructor
Professional Association of Diving
Instructors
BA
Personal Floatation Device
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
QMD Quality Mountain Days
RA
Risk Assessment
RATO Regimental AT Officer
RCL
Rock Climbing Leader
RCP
Rock Climbing Proficiency
RFCD Reserve Forces and Cadets Department
RLT
Rock Leader Training
RYA
Royal Yacht Association
SADS Sub-Aqua Diving Supervisor
SBL
Snowboard Leader
SCA
Scottish Canoe Association
SMBLA Scottish Mountain Bike Leader
Association
SME
Subject Matter Expert
SMP
Summer Mountain Proficiency
SPA
Single Pitch Award
SRT
Single Rope Techniques
SS
Snowsport Scotland
SST
Safe System of Training
STP
Ski Tour Proficiency
TCL
Trail Cycle Leader Award
TLT
Tour Leader Training (Ski)
TSA
training Safety Advisor
TSO
Training Safety Officer (CCAT)
UAO
Unit Admin Officer
UEL
Unit Expedition Leader
UIAA Union of International Alpine
Associations
UIAGM Union International Associations de
Guide Montagne (International Mountain
Guide)
UKCC UK Coaching Certificate
WCA Welsh Canoe Association
WGL
Walking Group Leader
WMP Winter Mountain Proficiency
WML Winter Mountain Leader
WWL White Water Leader
G-2