Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
IONIC BONDING AND IONIC COMPOUNDS
15
CHAPTER TEST A
A. Matching
Match each description in Column B with the correct term in Column A. Write the
letter of the correct definition in the blank provided.
Column A
Column B
________ 1 electron dot structure
a. the number of ions of opposite charge surrounding
each ion in a crystal
________ 2. valence electron
b. the force of attraction binding oppositely charged
ions together
________ 3. ionic bond
c. the attraction of valence electrons for positive metal
ions
________ 4. halide ion
d. a depiction of valence electrons around the symbol
of an element
________ 5. octet rule
e. an anion of chlorine or other halogen
________ 6. coordination number
f. an electron in the highest occupied energy level of
an atom
________ 7. metallic bond
g. Atoms in compounds tend to have the electron
configuration of a noble gas.
B. Multiple Choice
________ 8. How many valence electrons does an atom of any element in Group 6A
have?
a. 2
c. 6
b. 4
d. 8
________ 9. The electron dot structure for an atom of phosphorus is:
=
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Write the letter of the best answer in the blank.
a. =P =
c. =P =
b. =P =
d.
P
________ 10. When an aluminum atom loses its valence electrons, what is the
charge on the resulting ion?
a. 21
c. 31
b. 22
d. 11
Review Module / Chapters 13–16
61
Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
________ 11. The electron configuration of a fluoride ion, F2, is:
a. 1s2 2s2 2p5.
b. the same as that of the neon atom.
c. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1.
d. the same as that of a potassium ion.
________ 12. Metals are good conductors of electricity because they:
a. form crystal lattices.
b. contain positive ions.
c. contain mobile valence electrons.
d. form ionic bonds.
________ 13. In forming chemical bonds, atoms tend to attain:
a. a state of higher energy.
b. the electron configuration of noble gas atoms.
c. the electron configuration of halogen atoms.
d. all of the above
________ 14. An amalgam is a mixture of at least one substance and:
a. lead.
c. tin.
b. silver.
d. mercury.
________ 15. An ionic compound is:
a. generally a salt.
b. held together by ionic bonds.
c. composed of anions and cations.
d. all of the above
________ 16. Which of these is not a characteristic of most ionic compounds?
a. solid at room temperature
b. has a low melting point
c. conducts an electric current when melted
d. produced by reaction between metallic and nonmetallic elements
C. True-False
Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT.
________ 18. The chemical properties of an element are largely determined by the
number of valence electrons the element has.
________ 19. Fluorine and chlorine each have one valence electron.
________ 20. The coordination number gives the total number of ions in a crystal.
________ 21. Atoms acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas by losing
electrons.
________ 22. An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, of which at least one is a
metal.
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Review Module / Chapters 13–16
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________ 17. A metallic bond is a bond between:
a. valence electrons and positively charged metal ions.
b. the ions of two different metals.
c. a metal and nonmetal.
d. none of the above
Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
________ 23. The crystal structure of ionic compounds such as sodium chloride is very
unstable.
________ 24. When melted, ionic compounds conduct electricity.
________ 25. Metals are ductile because the cations in a piece of pure metal are
insulated from one another by a sea of electrons.
________ 26. Metal atoms are arranged in a face-centered cubic structure.
________ 27. During the formation of ionic compounds, electrons are transferred from
one atom to another.
D. Questions
Answer the following questions in the space provided.
28. Write electron dot structures for the atoms and ions of each of the following
elements.
Atoms
Ions
a. Ca
b. Br
c. Al
29. Write the formulas obtained when each of these atoms loses or gains valence
electrons and becomes an ion. Tell whether each is a cation or anion.
a. Cl
c. Na
b. Be
d. O
30. Write the complete electron configurations for the ions in problem 29.
a.
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b.
c.
d.
31. Use electron dot formulas to predict the formula of the ionic compound composed of aluminum
and chlorine.
Review Module / Chapters 13–16
63
Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
32. Write the electron configuration diagram that shows the transfer of electrons
that takes place to form the compound sodium fluoride. Include the electron
configurations of the ions formed. Which noble gas configuration does each ion
have?
E. Essay
Write a short essay for the following.
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33. Explain how scientists have used the concept of metallic bonding to account for
many of the physical properties of metals, such as electrical conductivity and
malleability.
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Review Module / Chapters 13–16