(R
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY
AM
Prepared in cooperation with the
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM
K)
C
YA
SE
Y)
(PARK RIDGE)
5'
74 o 07'30''
(N
74 o 00'
41 o 07'30''
2'30''
41 o 07'30''
6
7
BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE HACKENSACK QUADRANGLE
PASSAIC AND BERGEN COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY
OPEN-FILE MAP OFM 109
7
INTRODUCTION
s
A
11
The Hackensack quadrangle is in the northeast part of the state, in Passaic and Bergen Counties,
in a mixed commercial, industrial and residential setting. It is located in the northeastern part of the
sh
Trpsp
Piedmont Physiographic Province in the Newark basin. The map area is characterized mainly by relatively
s
A
6
A
subdued topography with elevations of 100 feet or less above sea level, except in the northwestern part
s
A
7
where elevations are as much as 300 feet. The south-flowing Passaic, Saddle and Hackensack Rivers are
Ash
sh
the dominant streams that drain the area. The Oradell Reservoir in the northeastern part of the quadrangle
A
was created by impoundment of the Hackensack River.
Trps
sh
A
8
11
STRATIGRAPHY
12
A
Trpm
s & sh
The Hackensack quadrangle is underlain by bedrock of Mesozoic age that was deposited in
the Newark basin, a northeast-trending rift basin that contains approximately 24,600 feet of interbedded
sedimentary and igneous rocks. These include conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale of fluvial
and lacustrine origin, three tholeiitic basalt formations, and sills, dikes and bodies of Lower Jurassic
Trpsp
11
diabase. The Upper Triassic Passaic Formation is the predominent unit in the map area. It consists
of interbedded siltstone and shale in the eastern part of the quadrangle (Trpm) that coarsen westward
through sandstone (Trps), into pebbly sandstone (Trpsp), and then conglomeratic sandstone (Trpc).
s
A
The coarse-grained pebbly sandstone and conglomerate facies is continuous to the north into the Park
Ridge quadrangle (Monteverde, 2011) and to the west into the Paterson quadrangle, nearly to the base
s
A
of the Orange Mountain Basalt (Volkert, 2006).
A thin gray bed (Trpg) at the base of a shale and siltstone sequence crops out along Route 80,
Trpc
east of the town of Lodi. The Upper Triassic Lockatong Formation is not exposed in the area of the map
s
A
and is shown in cross section only. Igneous rocks consist of three small bodies of diabase (Jd) that are
s
A
Trps
present in the southeastern part of the map area. Only one of the bodies crops out; another is no longer
exposed, and a third one is known from subsurface boring data.
STRUCTURE
Bedding
Trpsp
A
s
The overall trend of the bedrock units is fairly uniform and is influenced by the location of the quadrangle
Trpm
s
on the east side of the Watchung syncline, a regional, northeast-plunging fold structure (Drake and others,
s & sh
A
A
1996). Bedding ranges in strike from N.02oE. to N.49oE. and averages N.19oE. (fig. 1). It dips northwest at
5o to 14o and averages 9o.
Faults
sh
A
s
Small, local, northeast-trending brittle faults typically less than three feet wide deform the Passaic
A
A
9
Formation in the southern part of the quadrangle. Because they are so closely spaced they are shown on
s & sh
s
A
s
A
A
the map as a single fault. They may extend beyond the area in which they are shown but cannot be traced
further because of the poor bedrock exposure. The faults are characterized by closely-spaced fractures,
57'30''
thin zones of breccia and (or) clayey gouge, and slickensides. They strike N.20oE. to N.30oE. and dip
57'30''
s
northwest at about 65o. Kinematic indicators that consist of slip lineations on fault surfaces and the offset
sh
A
of beds indicate the predominant movement was reverse.
Joints
sh
A
9
Trpsp
Trps
7
Joints are a common feature in all sedimentary facies of the Passaic Formation. All joints are
planar, moderately well formed, and vary in their spacing from less than 1 foot to several feet apart.
s
sh
A
A
Surfaces are unmineralized. Joints in pebbly sandstone and sandstone are better developed and more
Trpm
continuous than those in finer-grained rocks, such as siltstone and shale, in which joints are commonly
discontinuous over short distances. Two main strike sets were measured in outcrop (fig. 2). They include
s & sh
7]
A
a northeast-striking joint set that averages N.29oE. and dips southeast, and less commonly, northwest
A
A
A
s
at 65o to 90o, and a northwest-striking joint set that averages N.65oW. and dips northeast, and less
sh
s
commonly, southwest at 62o to 90o. Joints in both sets dip at an average of 82o.
sh
s
A
A
DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS
s
A
Contacts are aphanitic and display chilled, sharp margins against enclosing sedimentary
rocks.
Trpc
Trps
Trpsp
s
A
Trpm
Passaic Formation (Upper Triassic) (Olsen, 1980; Olsen and others, 2011) – Interbedded
sequence of reddish-brown, and less commonly, maroon or purple conglomeratic sandstone
(Trpc), pebbly sandstone (Trpsp), sandstone (Trps), and siltstone, shaly siltstone, and
Trps
shale (Trpm), separated by olive-gray, dark-gray, or black sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Trpm
(Trpg). Conglomeratic sandstone is medium to coarse grained, feldspathic (as much as
Trpg
20 percent feldspar), and locally contains pebble and cobble layers interbedded with
pebbly sandstone and sandstone in upward-fining sequences 3 to 6 feet thick. Clasts are
s
A
Trpsp
Diabase (Lower Jurassic) – Dark-greenish-gray to black, fine-grained, massive, hard
diabase. Composed mainly of calcic plagioclase, clinopyroxene and opaque oxide minerals.
(YONKERS)
A
(PATERSON)
Jd
(8)
subangular to subrounded, locally imbricated milky quartz and white or purple quartzite in a
matrix of very coarse- to coarse-grained quartz sand. Pebbly sandstone and sandstone are
Trpsp
coarse-grained, thin- to thick-bedded, planar to cross-bedded with local lensoidal interbeds
9
of pebble conglomerate generally a few feet or less thick. Sandstone is reddish-brown to
brownish-red, locally gray, fine- to medium-grained, thin- to medium-bedded, planar to
cross-bedded, micaceous, and locally mudcracked and ripple cross-laminated. Root casts
Trps
and load casts are common. Siltstone, shaly siltstone, and shale are fine-grained, very thinto thin-bedded, planar to ripple cross-laminated, locally fissile, bioturbated, and contain
A
evaporite minerals. They form rhythmically fining-upward sequences as much as 15 feet
sh
thick that contain local, thin sandstone lenses. Unit is as much as 11,480 ft. thick regionally,
but a thickness of about 8,700 feet is present in the quadrangle.
55'
55'
Trl
(10)
Lockatong Formation undifferentiated (Upper Triassic) (Kümmel, 1897) – Cyclical
sequences of mainly gray to greenish-gray and reddish-brown siltstone to silty argillite and
dark-gray to black shale and mudstone. Siltstone is medium-to fine-grained, thin-bedded,
(10)
planar to cross-bedded with mudcracks, ripple cross-laminations and locally abundant pyrite.
Shale and mudstone are very-thin-bedded to thinly-laminated, platy, with local desiccation
(9)
features. Maximum thickness regionally is as much as 3,500 ft. Unit is not exposed in the
d
quadrangle and is shown in cross section only.
A
Trps
Jd
6
5
sh
A
Trpm
(11)
REFERENCES CITED
14
A'
sh
A
(10)
Drake, A.A., Jr., Volkert, R.A., Monteverde, D.H., Herman, G.C., Houghton, H.F., Parker, R.A., and
Dalton, R.F., 1996, Bedrock Geologic Map of Northern New Jersey: U.S. Geological
6
Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2540-A, scale 1:100,000.
s
Kümmel, H.B., ca. 1900, unpublished data on file in the office of the New Jersey Geological
A
(5)
Survey, Trenton, New Jersey.
(10)
_______, 1897, The Newark System report of progress: New Jersey Geological Survey Annual Report
of the State Geologist 1896, Trenton, New Jersey, p. 25-88.
?
(10)
10
(10)
Monteverde, D.H., 2011, Bedrock geology of the Park Ridge quadrangle, Bergen County, New
Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Open File Map OFM 85, scale 1:24,000.
12
U
Trps
D
10
America Newark Supergroup): Stratigraphy, structure and correlation: New Jersey Academy of
10
7
Trps
Olsen, P.E., 1980, The Latest Triassic and Early Jurassic formations of the Newark Basin (Eastern North
12
Trpm
9
Science Bulletin, v. 25, no. 2, p. 25-51.
11
Olsen, P.E., Kent, D.V., and Whiteside, J.H., 2011, Implications of the Newark Supergroup-based
11
astrochronology and geomagnetic polarity time scale (Newark-APTS) for the tempo and mode
13
9
of the early diversification of the Dinosauria, Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of
the Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 101, p. 1-33.
?
Parker, R.A., 1993, Stratigraphic relations of the sedimentary rocks below the Lower Jurassic Orange
Jd
Ash
?
(9)
sh
9
Mountain Basalt, northern Newark basin, New Jersey and New York: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2208, scale 1:100,000.
Stanford, S.D., 1994, Surficial geology of the Hackensack quadrangle, Bergen and Passaic Counties,
A
10
New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Open File Map OFM 14, scale 1:24,000.
Trpg
12
sh
A
Trpm
Volkert, R.A., 2006, Bedrock geologic map of the Paterson quadrangle, Passaic, Essex and Bergen
Trpm
Counties, New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Geologic Map Series GMS 06-6,
scale 1:24,000.
Jd
sh
A
40 o 52'30''
)
(13)
sh
A
5'
74 o 07'30''
A
2'30''
(WEEHAWKEN)
Base map from U.S. Geological Survey, 1954.
Bedrock
AN
GE
sh
(O
R
SCALE 1:24000
1
1000
0
1
1 mile
0
1/2
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0
1/2
6000
7000 feet
1 kilometer
40 o 52'30''
74 o 00'(
CE
NT
geology mapped by R.A. Volkert in 2013
RA
L
Digital cartography by M.W. Girard
PA
R
Research supported by the U. S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative
Geological Mapping Program, under USGS award number 99HQAG0141
The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author
and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official
policies, either expressed or implied, of the U. S. Government.
EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS
?
Contact - Queried where uncertain
K)
Fault - Queried where uncertain. Ball and bar show direction
of dip.
D
U
?
Reverse fault - U, upthrown side; D, downthrown side
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
PLANAR FEATURES
DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
10
12
ET IC
N O RT
TRUE NORTH
MAGN
BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE HACKENSACK QUADRANGLE
PASSAIC AND BERGEN COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY
Kümmel (1900) and Parker (1993) of outcrops no longer
exposed.
CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS
NEWARK BASIN
OTHER FEATURES
JURASSIC
Jd
H
LOCATION IN
NEW JERSEY
Intrusive Contacts
Bedrock outcrop or float used to draw contact
APPROXIMATE MEAN
DECLINATION, 1999
Trpc
Trpsp
Trps
Trpm
Trpg
TRIASSIC
by
Richard A. Volkert
2015
Strike and dip of beds. Dip numbers in parenthesis are from
A
Trl
Location of well or boring from Stanford (1994).
Abbreviations: s, sandstone; sh, shale; d, diabase
n = 45
Hackensack River
A
Garden State Parkway
Saddle River
N
Average strike = N19oE
Sector angle = 10o
30
FEET
1,000
1,000
SEA LEVEL
-1,000
10
10
20
30
A'
FEET
SEA LEVEL
Trpsp
20
%
Jd
Figure 1. Rose diagram of bedding
Average strike = N29oE
Average strike = N65oW
Sector angle = 10o
N
n = 97
Trpm
-1,000
Trps
%
6
12
9
9
12
6
Trpm
-2,000
-2,000
Trl
Trl
-3,000
-3,000
Figure 2 . Rose diagram of joint
strikes in sedimentary rocks.