COOPERATIVE LAKES AREA MONITORING PROJECT
IOWA LAKESIDE LABORATORY AND REGENT RESOURCE CENTER
STATE HYGIENIC LABORATORY
CLEAN WATER PROTECTION includes
•
•
•
•
•
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Public education
Monitoring and data collection
Funding
Regulatory
Technical assistance to land owners
Policy making
Research
GOVERNMENT AND
NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
INVOLVED IN WATER QUALITY
• US Environmental Protection Agency, US Army Corps of
Engineers, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Iowa DNR
Environmental Protection Division, DNR Fisheries, DNR
Geologic Survey Bureau, State Hygienic Lab, colleges and
universities, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil
and Water Commission, Iowa Department of Lands and
Stewardship, DNR IOWATER, Iowa Natural Heritage
Foundation, Okoboji Protective Association, Iowa Lakeside
Laboratory, Friends of Lakeside Lab, Spirit Lake Protective
Association, East Okoboji Lakes Improvement Corporation,
Center Lakes Improvement and Preservation Association,
Silver Lake Protective Association, Dickinson County Clean
Water Alliance, Ducks Unlimited, Dickinson County
Conservation Board, county and local governments,………..
COLLABORATION AND COOPERATION
• AT ALL LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT AND NONGOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
• WATER QUALITY ISSUES CHALLENGE
JURSIDICTIONAL AND POLITICAL
BOUNDARIES
Dickinson County
Clean Water Alliance
“communicate and coordinate”
1999/2000? First strategic plan
WHO DOES WHAT FOR WATER QUALITY?
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•
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•
•
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Formal and informal education
Monitoring and data collection
Funding
Regulatory
Technical assistance to land owners
Policy making
Research
WHO DOES WHAT FOR
CLEAN WATER?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Formal and informal education
Monitoring and data collection
Funding
Regulatory
Technical assistance to land owners
Policy making
Research
“ promoting Lakeside as a
community resource for water
quality monitoring, environmental
education and research”
WAITT WATER QUALITY LAB
LAKESIDE PARTNERSHIP WITH STATE HYGENIC LAB- 2008
WATER TESTING SERVICES
- drinking water
- waste water
- surface water
-public and private clients
COOPERATIVE LAKES AREA MONITORING PROJECT
IOWA LAKESIDE LABORATORY AND REGENT RESOURCE CENTER
STATE HYGIENIC LABORATORY
WHY MONITOR WATER QUALITY?
• Long term database needed to determine
trends
• Variation within and between years
• Determine cause: natural vs. human
COOPERATIVE LAKES AREA MONITORING PROJECT
Nine lakes in
Dickinson County
26 sample
locations
7 sample
events/year
Over 100 volunteers
trained since 1999
Dennis Heimdal
Water Chemist
What to study: Determining lake
water quality
Physical
• Water depth
• Watershed
• Water clarity
• Lake bottom
composition
• Water temperature
Chemical
Biological
• Nutrient levels
• Aquatic vegetation
• Dissolved oxygen • Algae (Phytoplankton
• pH
and Zooplankton)
• Conductivity
• Fish diversity and
• Metals
number of fish
• Bacteria
PHYSICAL:
• Water clarity – Secchi Disk
• Water temperature
What to study: Determining lake
water quality- CHEMICAL
•Dissolved oxygen
and……
CHEMICAL = NUTRIENTS
Total Nitrogen – Nitrate, Nitrite,
Ammonia, Organic Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus – Dissolved and
Organic Phosphorus
What to study: Determining lake
water quality: BIOLOGICAL
Algae (Phytoplankton)
GOT ALGAE?
Photo courtesy of Ken Rust.
ALGAE ABUNDANCE:
measured as Chlorophyll ‘a’
Algae Abundance – Chlorophyll a
Q:
When “TP”(nutrient) concentrations increase
in a lake ecosystem, what generally happens to
“CHL a” (algae) levels?
80.0
LSL
Average 2011 Chlorophyll a (ug/L)
70.0
y = 0.3504x + 2.8347
R² = 0.8075
60.0
50.0
CL
40.0
UGL LM
30.0
EOL
LGL
BSL
20.0
SLD
10.0
WOL
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
Average 2011 Total Phosphorus (ug/L)
140.0
160.0
180.0
Q: What generally happens to water clarity
with high algae abundance/(CHL a)?
4.5
WOL
Average 2011 Secchi Depth (meters)
4.0
SECCHI – CHLOROPHYLL ‘a’
3.5
y = -1.187ln(x) + 5.0516
R² = 0.8118
3.0
2.5
2.0
BSL
1.5
LM
1.0
SLD
EOL
UGL
CL
LGL
0.5
LSL
0.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Average 2011 Chlorophyll a (ug/L)
60.0
70.0
80.0
THINKING ABOUT DATA
• Variation within and between years
• Causes: natural vs. human
• Watershed and morphological characteristics
Lower Gar Lake -2010
7-Jun
0.0
0.2
0.4
Secchi Depth (meters)
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
30-Jun
8-Jul
20-Jul
7-Aug
16-Aug
Lakes Monitored by CLAMP
Lakes Monitored
Iowa County
Lake Area
in Acres
Watershed/Lake
Area Ratio
Mean Depth in
Meters
Maximum
Depth in
Meters
Big Spirit Lake
Dickinson
4,169
8.3
5.3
7.3
Center Lake
Dickinson
272
2.7
2.9
4.7
East Okoboji
Lake
Dickinson
1,835
6.7
3.2
6.7
Little Spirit
Lake
Dickinson
618
2.7
1.8
3.0
Lower Gar Lake
Dickinson
242
47.0
1.1
1.7
Lake
Minnewashta
Dickinson
118
2.5
3.1
5.0
Silver Lake
Dickinson
1,041
10.7
1.8
3.4
Upper Gar Lake
Dickinson
36
12.2
1.0
1.5
West Okoboji
Lake
Dickinson
3,847
3.6
11.5
41.5
NC = not calculated; from CLAMP website
Average Secchi Depth
CLAMP Lakes, June to August 2010
BSL
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
CL
EOL
LGL
LM
LSL
SLD
UGL
WOL
TROPHIC STATE INDEX
TSI SCORE
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION
0 - 40
Oligotrophic
40 - 50
Mesotrophic
50 - 70
Eutrophic
70 -100
Hypereutrophic
Calculating Trophic State Index
TSI(SD) = 60 - 14.41 ln(SD)
TSI(CHL) = 9.81 ln(CHL) + 30.6
TSI(TP) = 14.42 ln(TP) + 4.15
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