The ten species of mammals you will use to fill in the phylogenetic tree are:
1. African Savannah Elephant
(Loxodonta africana)
2. Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
3. Common Shrew
6. Gray, Short-tailed Opossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
7. Horse
(Equus caballus)
8. Mouse
(Mus musculus)
(Sorex araneus)
4. Dog
(Canis lupus)
5. European Hedgehog
(Erinaceus europaeus)
9. Nine-banded Armadillo
(Dasypus novemcinctus)
10. Tenrec
(Echinops telfairi)
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryotes
Time
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
1. Using physical characteristics
2. Using DNA sequence
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:!
1. Using physical characteristics!
2. Using DNA sequence!
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:!
1. Using physical characteristics!
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:!
1. Using physical characteristics!
rat!
mouse!
frog!
The ten species of mammals you will use to fill in the phylogenetic tree are:
1. African Savannah Elephant
(Loxodonta africana)
2. Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
3. Common Shrew
6. Gray, Short-tailed Opossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
7. Horse
(Equus caballus)
8. Mouse
(Mus musculus)
(Sorex araneus)
4. Dog
(Canis lupus)
5. European Hedgehog
(Erinaceus europaeus)
9. Nine-banded Armadillo
(Dasypus novemcinctus)
10. Tenrec
(Echinops telfairi)
platypus!
cow!
macaque!
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
1. Using physical characteristics
2. Using DNA sequence
How to write a DNA sequence
5’
A
T
G
C
C
G
A
T
C
G
T
T
3’
3’
T
A
C
G
G
C
T
A
G
C
A
A
5’
5’-ATGCCGATCGTT-3’
3’-TACGGCTAGCAA-5’
5’-ATGCCGATCGTT-3’
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
1. Using physical characteristics
2. Using DNA sequence
5’-GATGACGTACG-3’
5’-CAACATGGAAG-3’
5’-GATTACGTACG-3’
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
2. Using DNA sequence
5’-GATGACGTACG-3’
“first”
5’-CAACATGGAAG-3’
“second”
5’-GATTACGTACG-3’
“third”
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
2. Using DNA sequence
5’-GATGACGTACG-3’
“first”
5’-CAACATGGAAG-3’
“second”
5’-GATTACGTACG-3’
“third”
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
1
6
2. Using DNA sequence
5’-GATGACGTACG-3’
“first”
5’-CAACATGGAAG-3’
“second”
5’-GATTACGTACG-3’
“third”
6
Two ways to make phylogenetic trees:
“third”
“first”
“second”
1
6
2. Using DNA sequence
5’-GATGACGTACG-3’
“first”
5’-CAACATGGAAG-3’
“second”
5’-GATTACGTACG-3’
“third”
6
Cow:
5’-ACCGTATTTGCCGAAG-3’
Dog:
5’-AGCGTAATTGCCGTAG-3’
Hedgehog:
5’-AGCGTAGTTTCCGTAC-3’
Horse:
5’-AGCGTACTTGCCGTAG-3’
Mouse:
5’-ATAGTAGATCGCGCAT-3’
Shrew:
5’-AGCGTAGTTACCGTAC-3’
Cow
Dog
Cow
Dog
Hedgehog
Horse
Mouse
Shrew
3
Hedgehog
Horse
Mouse
Shrew
Cow
Dog
Hedgehog
Horse
Mouse
Cow
Dog
3
Hedgehog
5
3
Horse
3
1
3
Mouse
8
8
7
8
Shrew
5
3
1
3
7
Shrew
platypus
opposum
tenrec
elephant
armadillo
cow
macaque
chimp
platypus
opposum
tenrec
elephant
armadillo
cow
Cow
Dog
Hedgehog
Horse
Mouse
Cow
Dog
3
5
3
Horse
3
1
3
Mouse
8
8
7
8
Shrew
5
3
1
3
Hedgehog
macaque
chimp
7
Shrew
platypus
opposum
tenrec
elephant
armadillo
hedgehog
shrew
cow
horse
dog
mouse
Cow
Dog
Hedgehog
Horse
Mouse
Cow
Dog
3
5
3
Horse
3
1
3
Mouse
8
8
7
8
Shrew
5
3
1
3
Hedgehog
macaque
chimp
7
Shrew
Do everyone’s trees based on physical
characteristics look the same? Why or why
not?
Do everyone’s DNA-based trees look the
same? Why or why not?
Which method do you think is used to generate
current, scientifically accepted phylogenetic trees?
ATGCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGATC
TACTGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTTTA
CATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCAGC
CATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCTATGCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCC
ACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATAC
TCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTT
ATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACA
GCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCCTACGGGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGC
TGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATACATAGACTTCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATA
CGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTTACCCATGCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACA
ATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCAGCATCCATCCATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACAC
GCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCCTACGGGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGC
TGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATACATAGACTTCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATA
CGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTTACCCATGATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACA
TATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCTATACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACAC
GCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCCTACGGGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGC
TGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATACATAGACTTCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATA
CGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTTACCCATGATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACA
TATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCTATAGCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCC
CTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACGCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCC
CTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATACA
CGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTTA
ATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCAGCA
ATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCTATGCCGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCC
CTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCATCGTACGACTGCATCGTACTGACTGCACATATCGTCATACAT
GTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACATATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACTTTAC
ATCGTCATCGTACTGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCCACACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCAT
CGATCGTACGACACATATCGTCATCGTACTGCCCTACGGGACTGTCTAGTCTAAACACATCCATCGTACTGACTGCAT
Which animal’s placement on the DNA-based
tree surprised you the most, and why?
The ten species of mammals you will use to fill in the phylogenetic tree are:
1. African Savannah Elephant
(Loxodonta africana)
2. Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
3. Common Shrew
6. Gray, Short-tailed Opossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
7. Horse
(Equus caballus)
8. Mouse
(Mus musculus)
(Sorex araneus)
4. Dog
(Canis lupus)
5. European Hedgehog
(Erinaceus europaeus)
9. Nine-banded Armadillo
(Dasypus novemcinctus)
10. Tenrec
(Echinops telfairi)
platypus
opposum
tenrec
elephant
armadillo
hedgehog
shrew
cow
horse
dog
mouse
macaque
chimp