Basic camera
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…..or how to make Tony cry Produc4on elements "   Camera – Framing, angle, focus, movement "   Sound – Dialogue, Music, SFX, silence, voice over "   Ligh/ng – Colour, intensity, shadow "   Edi/ng – Cuts, fades, pace, splits, etc "
Mise en scéne– How does the placement of actors and objects in a shot influence the shot. "   Ac/ng – How does the ac4ng contribute to the scene? Camera "   When discussing camera work we need to break it down into several elements. "   Camera angle "   Shot framing "   Camera movement "   Focus Extreme Long Shot (ELS)"
"
Often used at the beginning of a scene
to show where the scene will take
place. For this reason, this type of shot
is often called an establishing shot
Long Shot (LS)"
"
In a long shot, it is usually possible to
identify individuals or objects but there
is also a great deal of background
Full Shot (FS)"
"
A full shot shows a character from head
to toe. This type of shot is often used as
a ‘master shot’ for the scene, showing
all the action that occurs
Mid Shot (MS)"
"
A mid shot shows half of the
character. Is often used when filming
conversations. It is one of the most
frequently used shots in film and
television
Close Up (CU)"
"
A close up usually shows a character’s
face. Often used when shooting
conversations. Allows the audience to
focus on character reactions and
emotions.
Extreme Close Up (ECU)"
"
Extreme close ups are used to
highlight small detail such as tears in
a characters eyes or small objects or
movements / gestures important to a
narrative.
Camera angles"
"   Again, you need to be able to use the correct
terminology when describing the angle of a shot.
"   There are five commonly used angles
"   The different shots are not used randomly, there are
established meanings that they convey.
"   The shot angle simply refers to where the camera is
placed in relation to the subject.
Overshot (OS)"
"
The camera is positioned directly
above the subject. Rarely used on
characters. Most often used in
establishing shots where the camera
flies over city streets, etc.
High Angle (HA)"
"
The camera is positioned above the
subject looking down at an angle. This
makes the subject appear smaller,
powerless and more vulnerable.
Eye Level (EL)"
"
This is the the most commonly used
angle in film and television. Where most
other angles are highly stylised, an EL
shot creates a sense of realism – this is
how we see the world.
Low Angle (LA)"
"
The camera is positioned below eye
level, looking up. This angle implies
the subjects has a sense of power and
dominance.
Undershot (US)"
"
The camera is positioned directly
beneath the subject. Often coupled
with POV shots when the character is
looking up. Sometimes used to imply
danger – under cars/horses/cattle
Camera movement "  
The camera can be moved in a number of ways, crea4ng different effects depending on the type of movement. "  
Dolly – Camera is mounted on a ‘trolley’ and moves in or out on a track. "  
Tracking – Usually on a dolly but runs alongside the subject. Gives the sense you are there with them. "  
Pan – Camera is in fixed posi4on. Pans to follow subject or ac4on. Creates impression of being watched. "  
Tilt – Like a pan but in a ver4cal plane. "  
Crane – camera mounted on a camera crane. Camera focus "   OSen directors use a shallow depth of field so that they can be selec4ve about what is in focus. The focal point directs the audience’s aTen4on. Although we see the other cadets in the shot, the use of a specific focal point leads the audience’s aTen4on there. OSen the focus shiSs to the person who is speaking in a dialogue sequence.