On the Trail of the USS Monitor
Commemorating the American Civil War
The USS Monitor, was the first ironclad warship commissioned by the United States
Navy during the American Civil War. It is most famous for its participation in the Battle
of Hampton Roads in March 1862, where the Monitor fought with the Confederate
ironclad CSS Virginia (the former steam frigate USS Merrimack). This was the first-ever
battle fought between two ironclads and a turning point in the Civil War; one that
changed the history of naval warfare worldwide.
This tour will take you to the history and Civil War involvement of the community
Crown Point; where the iron ore was mined that was used to fabricate important parts
of the ironclad USS Monitor. Two iron companies operated in Crown Point during the
Civil War; the Hammond’s Crown Point Iron Company, with a mine and blast furnace at
Hammondville; and the firm of Penfield & Harwood, with a mine at Hammondville and a
bloomery forge and separator at Ironville.
In addition to plating for ships, Crown Point iron was used in making railroad
equipment and other Civil War products. Wagons hauled smelted iron from the Crown
Point Iron Company furnace and Penfield forge to Hammond’s Wharf on the shore of
Lake Champlain. From there, the iron traveled by canal boat to the Albany Iron Works
in Troy, NY for fabrication.
Using the attached map and site descriptions you can explore the rich history of Crown
Point’s iron industry and involvement in the Civil War. You will trace key steps in the
process of building the USS Monitor, which began in the depths of a mountain in
Crown Point and ended with the launch of the completed hull at the Continental Iron
Works shipyard in Brooklyn, NY in 1862.
1. Hammond’s Wharf at Monitor Bay Park
Hammond’s Wharf was the shipping point for Crown Point iron products.
2. Sugar Hill Manor B&B
Former home of the Col. Elmer J. Barker, a volunteer in General
Hammond’s Company H, 5th NY Volunteer Cavalry.
3. Charles F. Hammond Home
A central figure in the region’s iron history, C.F. Hammond was the
Crown Point Iron Company (CPICo.) iron manufacturer.
4. Hammond Corners & the Company Store
Business Center of the CPICo.
5. Crown Point Civil War Memorial
C.F. Hammond commissioned the Soldier’s Monument on the Village
Green to honor the 67 local men who gave their lives in the Civil War.
6. Crown Point First Congregational Church and Ancient Graveyard
This church was attended by many local men who served in the Civil War
and their families and others who supported that war.
7. Forest Dale Cemetery
Site of the General John Hammond Monument and a Civil War graveyard.
8. Factoryville and Crown Point Center
This route to Ironville passes through these two small communities which
were a source of manufactured goods and agricultural products during
the Civil War.
9. Hamlet of Ironville, Penfield Museum (9a) and Civil War History Room (9b)
The Penfield Museum at Ironville is the central interpretive site of this
tour. The museum was the former home of the bloomer forge iron
manufacturer Allen Penfield and his son, Major James A. Penfield of
Company H, 5th NY Volunteer Cavalry, which is featured in the Museum’s
Civil War Room.
10.Iron History Walking Tour of Penfield Forge Site
A self-guided tour map, available at the museum, is keyed to
interpretative signs along the route, provides a detailed description of
how wrought iron was made in the mid-1800’s