seeds&sharing
Product magazine | Tomato | October 2013
Endeavour RZ
Beautiful tomatoes
Roterno RZ
Tastiest in the
small segment
Wide choice
in cocktail varieties
In this issue
3
4
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
20
22
23
6
Cappricia RZ
makes the difference
Endeavour RZ
gives beautiful tomatoes
Arvento RZ’
Maticia RZ welcome addition
Polish tomato growing
in full development
New
alongside Cappricia RZ
You are holding another brand new tomato
Roterno RZ tastiest
magazine from Rijk Zwaan, with interviews
tomato in the small segment
and articles about new developments in
the sector. This issue, however, comes in a
Generative approach
new design and with a new name.
for tasty Lyterno RZ
Seeds & Sharing is the new title of this
First-class tomatoes
magazine. We did not just pluck the name
with Lyterno RZ
out of thin air, of course. Previously, the
name was RZ Seeds & Services and that
Good growing season for
was, and still is, a very apt title, for it is
Sassari RZ
exactly what we have been offering our
partners for many years now. And so the
Wide choice of reliable
services do not alter one bit. But why, then,
cocktail varieties
go for a different name?
‘Striving together for a
Sharing, as you know, is something we are
healthy future’
very keen on. Sharing knowledge, but also
ambitions. The ambition to get the best
In the spotlight
performance from our varieties, but also
the ambition to create vegetables together
that are tastier, healthier and easier to
Rijk Zwaan keeps investing
prepare. And in doing so, contribute to an
in R&D and quality
increase in vegetable consumption worldwide. With that healthy ambition goes a
Ever more varieties on offer
18
In the spotlight
10
‘A joy working with
new design: fresh and contemporary.
in expanding segment
But, even with its new look, what still
‘Enjoy eating
matters most is the contents, of course.
what you grow’
That is why I wish you most of all a lot of
reading enjoyment and inspiration with
Successful demo day
this first issue of the new ‘Seeds & Sharing
tomatoes
tomato’.
Rootstocks
Marcel Barten
Emperador RZ and Kaiser RZ
Managing Director Rijk Zwaan Nederland
Contact details
2
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
‘A joy working with
Arvento RZ’
Whereas Matthée van Wingerden would take a whole cubic-metre container full of unusable tomatoes of a
previously grown variety from his glasshouse on a daily basis, since using Arvento RZ it takes on average a week
before that same container is full. No wonder, then, that the impeccable quality of Arvento was the reason why
the nursery in Poeldijk changed over this year. “The firmness is much better,” is the grower’s verdict.
“Fewer fruits on the ground and hardly any
tomatoes are superb. Nice and firm with a lovely
torn-off trusses. With Arvento we just have consid-
gloss. The average fruit weight varies between 100
erably less rubbish, so we can sell more product.”
and 105 g and production is excellent. I think the
It is a simple calculation for tomato grower
crop will be adding 2.5 kg this week!”
Matthée van Wingerden. “The variety is also simply
the best. Everything is going fine in the glasshouse
Ventilate – yes or no?
and at the grading line they definitely notice the
In the cool spring, Van Wingerden achieved good
difference: punnet full, next one, please!”
results with a pre-midnight of 13°C, night 16°C and
Correct grafting method
an afternoon temperature of 23°C. With those hot
summer weeks came the more difficult period. “I
The first trials with Arvento at Van Wingerden’s did
dare not ventilate very much. It’s too windy and
not do very well. The crop did not react optimally
that can make the heads go limp, but whether it’s
to the growing regime used for the main variety.
a good idea to keep the vents down?” The grower
“We took a look on fellow-growers’ nurseries and
did everything he could to maintain strong trusses
dared to take the plunge after all. The entire glass-
and have them initiate 8 fruits. “We shall see. For
house with Arvento and the climate set to suit it.
now I’m just very glad that I changed to Arvento.
Now we are happy with it. Yes, we should really
The only small negative is that the expensive
have done that a year earlier.” Van Wingerden likes
spraying robot stands unused in a corner. The
to be well-informed so he and his plant raiser first
excellent resistances of Arvento make it almost
looked into the correct grafting method. “It ended
obsolete …”
up grafted/topped but we were in two minds
about 1-on-1 and then retaining a sideshoot in the
head. I had heard that Arvento could sometimes
have problems between the first and second
trusses, hence the decision. Also, we started under
fixed plastic especially for this variety; that makes
it easy to keep the heat in. And because Arvento is
less susceptible to botrytis we went for it. We had
a good start and once a crop has found its rhythm
you can relax a little more.”
As regards labour, Van Wingerden has good experiences with that, too. “I am a great supporter of
a fair bit of de-leafing and like to see a plant ‘in
its underwear’. We like to see 2 trusses green, and
every week we take a leaf from the head during
twisting rounds. So far, we have not noticed that
the heads go a little limp when the sun is very
bright, but we are very alert to it. Harvesting is a
world away from our previous variety. Whereas
before we had to go round 3 or even 4 times a
week, picking 2 – 2.5 times is now enough. The
October | 2013
Arvento RZ
Van Wingerden Tomaten
Location
Poeldijk
Crop area
3.5 ha
Sowing date
25 Oct 2012
Planting date
5 Dec 2012
Grafting method
grafted/topped
Stem density
2.5/m² (final: 3.65/m²)
First production
last week February
Matthée van Wingerden
(left) and crop advisor
Ben Zwinkels assess the
Arvento RZ crop together.
3
Following successful large-scale trials with 72-706 RZ, Marcel van den
Broek and Theo van der Kaaij were the first to get to hear its name:
Maticia RZ. This beautiful, intermediate variety gives trusses with clean
lines and fruits of 110 - 130g in the segment where Cappricia RZ still dominates. In Straelen (Germany) the two growers compare both varieties.
Maticia RZ welcome addition
alongside Cappricia RZ
Marcel van den Broek planted his 8,000 m² of
Tasty tomatoes
Maticia on 20 December 2012 (sowing date 24
“In spring we didn’t take any leaves from the
October). The grafted/topped plants started off
heads. Maticia doesn’t need it – the crop is
underneath plastic at a spacing of 55 cm. Later
naturally a bit more open. In week 9 we were at
on the stem distance reduced to 37.5 cm.
the final stem density; a little later by design, for
Maticia, too, gives heavier fruits more readily when
Same quality, bit
higher in production
the crop is not too dense. It is a pleasant crop to
work in, anyway. The somewhat light flowers stop
growing very quickly and set fruit easily. Its trusses
are nicer-looking than Cappricia’s: slightly flatter
and with a regular structure. The tomatoes, too,
are of excellent quality and have a good flavour.
Here in Germany you can absolutely not have
In early summer the results of both varieties
anything wrong with your produce; that would be
were very similar. That can still change because,
shooting yourself in the foot.”
although the calendar already says 20 June,
the crops have not had much sun so far. But on
Slightly ahead
the day of the meeting it is warm, just as it was
“In this part of Germany we keep things a little
two days before. On Van den Broek’s nursery
steadier in order to be able to cope with the
in Straelen, the thermometer showed average
inevitable hot days so, early in the morning, I
24-hour temperatures of 24.9°C and 25.4°C. The
don’t want to have things too cold. Before the
first real test for Maticia.
warm weather arrived, we used a pre-midnight of
Getting used to thinner heads
4
14°C and a night of 17.5°C. These are now a little
lower but that was really not necessary. I should
“Yesterday I sent my personnel home in the
really have increased the 24-hour temperatures
afternoon. The temperature in the glasshouse was
slightly for Maticia sooner and been a little more
32°C and it felt stuffy and humid. And yet, when
ruthless: I could have kept the leaves a bit smaller
I now look at Maticia, I see a fresh-looking crop
that way. As for flowering on the truss, we are
– it’s looking very good. This weather suits the
marginally behind Theo’s nursery at the moment:
variety. Compared to Cappricia RZ it has a touch
no. 23 is flowering there and here we are at no. 21.
more power, so you could grow it faster. I was too
It’s the same in Cappricia, but Maticia does have
careful to start with but, hey, you look at the head
a slightly higher average fruit weight. Not too big
of the plant and the Maticia heads are thinner
yet – we like the size a lot. I am interested to see
than Cappricia’s. Now I know that it’s part of the
whether production will run even further ahead
variety’s make-up; further down, the stems are the
of Cappricia’s. While maintaining this quality, of
same thickness again.”
course. That would be the deciding factor for us.”
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Theo van der Kaaij planted his 9,000 m² of
the odd loose fruit and sometimes a truss tears
Maticia on 8 December 2012 (sowing date 21
off. And the tomatoes are slightly softer. That’s
October) at 50 cm. Like Van den Broek, he used
not the case at all here! Especially after those two
grafted/topped plants under plastic; stem
hot days I had expected them to be much less
distance was reduced to 35 cm.
firm. Perhaps we’re a bit too stingy. Marcel has
the EC higher and waters more. We can adjust
“Maticia is a nice variety to work with. As on
that to get an even better bite. As on Marcel’s
Marcel’s nursery, our crop is looking good in
nursery, our Maticia crop gets more water than
Berlicum, Friesland. We also have differences: our
Cappricia: from early this year that block gets 3%
crop is slightly more open and there are too many
more water each watering round.”
kinked trusses here for my liking. We’ve hardly
any. With its more open crop it is less suscep-
Fewer sideshoots in between
tible to them than Cappricia. Not surprisingly,
“It’s too soon to draw conclusions, but at the
we use a more generative growing regime and
moment Maticia and Cappricia are very close.
a lower temperature towards morning and are
Both are beautiful and delicious and perfect
able to dose more CO2. In the afternoon we peak
for the medium segment. We’ve had no
at 27/28°C. In February and March, Maticia pulled
adverse comments from the trade,
slightly away from Cappricia and we had to apply
either. The Maticia crop is a touch more
the brakes. Not necessary, I know that now. No
open. The plants are a little bit longer,
need to tread cautiously with this variety – you
give fewer sideshoots in between and
can push it.”
are quicker off the mark. That means
Working on bite
it grows slightly larger quite readily.
If I were growing a whole block of the
“The green parts are stronger than Cappricia’s,
variety I would grow it generatively
the flavour of the fruits is just as good, they’re
from the start and grow it faster. I think
darker in colour and a bit less glossy. I feel,
that a higher production would certainly
though, that this variety is more susceptible to
be possible that way. At the moment it’s still
slightly ahead of Cappricia.”
Theo van der Kaaij (left), Marcel van den Broek (centre) and
John Verbruggen of Rijk Zwaan discuss the differences between
Maticia RZ and Cappricia RZ.
‘Good in hot weather’
During the nursery tour,
Van der Kaaij was not to
know that a hot summer
was on the way. In early
August he has this to say
about it: “During the
extremely hot weather in
July and August, Maticia
seemed to set even more
easily. Incidentally, the
variety is still slightly
ahead in production.”
October | 2013
5
Stamina Cappricia RZ
makes the difference
Having grown Cappricia RZ, followed by Mecano RZ, Jan Gresnigt switched
to truss tomato Cappricia RZ. According to the grower this variety guarantees
excellent quality and a good production. “From the word ‘go’ the kilo count
was higher. And when its stamina also proved to be better we didn’t hesitate.” The tomatoes leave the nursery under its own brand name of ‘Esly’.
Seasun in Kapelle, Zeeland, has 6 glasshouses with
a total area of 50 ha where various types of tomato
and pepper are grown. Tomatoes, at 34.5 ha, are in
the majority and Cappricia is ideal for retail packs.
Quality still good in the second half of the year as well.
Gresnigt: “The quality of the fruits is absolutely the
main reason why we grow this variety large-scale.
density by retaining an extra stem everywhere.
The tomatoes are an intense red and, no matter
We cut away some leaves while doing this. Now,
what the conditions, they are nice and firm. They
beginning August, we cut off 3 leaves every week
do not split, either, and the nice, flat trusses fit
from below and we also regularly take leaves out
easily in the retail trays. The green parts could be
from in between. That way we keep a nice, open
a little better. Well, being a grower you’re never
crop. Around mid-September we remove the
totally satisfied, of course.”
heads.” By taking good care of the crop, Gresnigt
Creating a generative crop
“Early December we took delivery of the plants,
picks sufficient fruits of good quality in the second
half of the year as well.
which had not been spaced out. We always
Picking red
start with fixed AC plastic and a thermal screen.
Gresnigt has the first trusses pruned at 5 fruits,
Cappricia is a strongly vegetative variety and using
followed by 6, then 5 again and the final 4 – 5
the plastic we are able to get it nice and generative
trusses are pruned at 6 fruits again. “You mustn’t
during the winter. Not so much with a pre-midnight,
let the tomatoes get too big: 120 – 130g is fine, but
although we do have that at 15°C, but mainly also
from 135 g upwards the risk of splitting increases a
by allowing a peak in the afternoon. With help
little. During a period when splitting could become
from the sun I don’t mind at all if the temperature
an issue we harvest a bit more often just to be sure:
rises to 30°C. Because of the cold spring we left the
about 1.5 times a week. Normally, cutting trusses
plastic in place for quite a long time this season:
just once a week is enough. You can cut Cappricia
until mid-February. Well before then, about three
when the tomatoes are nice and red – that benefits
weeks after planting, we had doubled the stem
the taste. As for the watering and feed strategy,
this variety is reasonably average. We start in the
morning with large rounds of 275 cc, 4 times per
Cappricia RZ
hour. In the afternoon we gradually reduce the
Seasun
Location
Kapelle
Crop area
8 ha
Sowing date
mid-Oct 2012
Planting dates
6-7 Dec 2012
Grafting method
1-on-1
Stem density
1.66/m² (final: 3.33/m²)
First production
10 March 2013
Average fruit weight 120 g
6
size of the watering rounds. During warm weather
the EC in the water is 2.5; at the start of the crop
that was 3.0 – 3.5. We also add some hydrogen
peroxide. At this location we get quite a lot of
excessive root growth and, unfortunately, just like
other varieties, Cappricia also has that problem.
That makes it a little more difficult for the crop to
support all its fruits. It is an escalating problem in
the Netherlands.”
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Roterno RZ tastiest
tomato in the small segment
Marco van Noord comes right to the point: Roterno RZ excels in flavour. According to the Prominent grower, the sweetness
even comes close to that of cocktail tomatoes. Not only that, he and his nursery manager Cornelis de Rijke think that
Roterno is a great variety to grow. “At the start you really can do all sorts to get the crop generative, you won’t easily make
it too slow. And that energy repays you in summer, when you’ll have a nice and stable crop and high-quality trusses.”
Prominent’s choice, Roterno, is really purely
our glasshouse is geared towards the New Way of
a story about flavour, says Marco van Noord.
Growing and is equipped with air-treatment units
“This variety is clearly grown for its flavour. And
has something to do with that, of course.”
the presentation. Whether we pick them from
the top or the bottom, we’re able to deliver a
Quick start
uniform product. Real bobby-dazzlers they are,”
“Roterno is an easy, vegetative grower that needs
is Cornelis’ apt description. “Flat, round and of
a very quick start. Once the crop has found its
an even colour. Last year, Roterno finished as
balance it sails sedately into summer and you
undisputed no. 1 in Prominent’s own inspection
don’t need any tricks to try and steer it through
trials. We even scored a 9.7 for quality twice.”
the summer. For instance: we started underneath
Higher fruit load
AC plastic and a thermal screen and were already
aiming for 24-hour temperatures of 20°C in
Van Noord hopes to equal last year’s production
week 11. Nights of 17 – 18°C and peaking in the
(58.9 kg) this season. They are on track, although
afternoon with 23°C. Come autumn you have to
initiation is slightly less than last year. “The fruit
be careful again. With more moisture outside,
load is now about 20 fruits higher. Due to the
Roterno quickly puts on growth again. In short,
dark start of the summer, the crop hangs on to
especially in the first and last weeks of the crop,
the tomatoes longer, and that shows in the fruit
this variety requires a lot of energy. But you do get
weight. It’s mid-July and the weight has been
a wonderful product in return.”
Marco van Noord
hopes to equal last
year’s production.
around 105 g for nearly 6 weeks now.”
It’s a long season for the growers along the
Groeneweg. They continue until Christmas.
Cornelis: “We’ll prune the last 3 – 4 trusses at 5
fruits, as we did the first truss. The rest have 6.
Taking leaves out of the head will resume before
long, probably in week 30. We stopped in week
23. During the past 6 weeks we have already been
doing it every other week and that’s going fine.
We don’t take the heads out, either. The fact that
Roterno RZ
Prominent Groeneweg II
Location
’s Gravenzande
Crop area
3.4 ha
Sowing date
28 Oct 2012
Planting date
23 Dec 2012
Grafting method
grafted/topped
Stem density
2.5/m² (final: 3.75 /m²)
First production
week 11 2013
October | 2013
7
Generative approach for
tasty Lyterno RZ
Since 2011, Carsten Knodt, Dirk Driessen, Matthias Draek and Willi Baum have been joint
owners of a large, new tomato nursery in Niederrhein, Germany. From the outset, the
‘Neurather Gärtner’ chose variety Lyterno RZ. In the meantime they know that they get the
highest returns from this variety by growing it generatively.
11 o’clock.” In summer it’s merely
a matter of keeping the glasshouse
cool for as long as possible. “We try at
all times to prevent extremes during
the day: 24 – 25°C in the afternoon
is sufficient. This has enabled us to
harvest tomatoes with an average fruit
weight of 110 – 120 g from end March
onwards and that is excellent. You do
need sufficient heating capacity and
CO2 to achieve it, though.”
Glossy fruits
“Mildew or other pests and diseases
Dirk Driessen (left) and Gerd van Megen of Rijk Zwaan.
have not made an appearance so far
Planting took place on 3 January this
No extremes
season; two plants per block of 10 x
“So we are doing everything we can
“The quality of Lyterno is superb and
15 cm, grafted onto Maxifort. “With
to steer Lyterno as generatively as
thanks to its excellent colour and
3.5 plants/m² we started straight
possible,” Driessen sums up the
lovely gloss, the tomatoes present very
away at the final density,” nursery
growing strategy. “In my opinion that
attractively in their box. We also get a
manager Dirk Driessen recounts. “The
also means ‘steady’ and you have
lot of praise from our buyers. They are
first 8 trusses were braced and the
to use enough energy to achieve
very pleased with the quality as well as
very first truss was pruned at 5 fruits.
that.” One advantage, as far as that’s
the flavour of Lyterno.”
We then changed to 6 and from end
concerned, is that the nursery can
June onwards we went back to 5 fruits
utilise the urban heating from the
“We are convinced that we can hold
again. In the first 4 weeks we took a
nearby RWE power station. “Two hours
on to this high level to the end of
leaf out of the head until we saw that
before sunup we use it to increase
the crop,” Driessen continues. “Our
the crop was generative enough.”
the pipe temperature. At night the
nursery’s logistical process is totally
During the course of the season, too,
temperature set point is 17.5 – 18°C
geared to it. We do everything possible
removing a leaf remains an important
and that takes us into the day. With
to enable us to supply our buyers with
means of keeping the crop generative.
sun, we reduce it to 14°C for two hours
a high-quality product. If they remain
“Early August, when conditions
simply by ventilating. We carry out an
as pleased with the quality and flavour
become more vegetative again, we’ll
extra generative action that way. We
as they are now to the end of the
step it up.”
keep a keen eye on the temperature,
season and indicate that they want to
making sure it does not top the day
keep buying Lyterno, we will certainly
temperature set point of 20°C before
grow this variety again next year.”
8
this season,” Driessen says mid-July.
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Across
the
border
First-class tomatoes
with Lyterno RZ
At the helm of Emsland Gemüse in Germany are
Emsland Gemüse is located in Emsbüren, Niedersachsen, and forms
brothers Tom and Bart Kuipers, who grow 13 ha of
part of the Emsflower GmbH consortium. Quality is paramount for the
vegetables. Apart from truss tomatoes, they also
company and with that in mind Lyterno RZ was chosen for the first time
grow cocktail tomato Delioso RZ and cucumbers.
last year. It performed so well that it returned to the nursery this year.
“The same goes for all our products: we aim for the
highest quality,” says nursery manager Ton Peters.
“That’s why we very consciously chose Lyterno RZ
last year – for its quality and its flavour. Consumers
“With temperature and humidity that is very well
also appreciate the good shelf life. All in all, Lyterno
possible.”
fits in perfectly with the wishes of the German
market, which demands a premium product and
Good yield
excellent flavour for its regional sales. The fact
The first fruits were ready for harvesting at Emsland
that our customers are so pleased proves that it is
Gemüse in June. By mid-July the nursery had
possible to actually meet those demands!”
already picked 10 kg; yield and quality were both
Bracing comes later
very good. At the start the average fruit weight,
at 150 g, was very high – normal for such a late
In the current season, Lyterno was sown on 9
planting date; now, the weight is 120 -130 g. “We
February and planted on 5 April, grafted onto
are pleased that the crop has remained very
Maxifort. “We started with 2.2 plants/m² and
healthy up till now,” Peters concludes. Peters as
retained a sideshoot on each plant, making the
well as the Kuipers brothers hope that Lyterno can
final stem density 3.3/m². Right from the start we
retain its good quality and flavour to the end of
pruned the trusses at 6 fruits and we did so until
the season. “That would really make us very
early June, when we started pruning at 5. Up till
happy with this variety!”
now we’ve not had to carry out any truss treatment,
but we might want to start bracing them from the
first or second week in August, as we think it is very
important to continue harvesting good quality,
Ton Peters aims for the highest quality.
even when the days are getting shorter.”
Growing in coir
A generative growing method is important with
Lyterno, as Peters knows. “It’s because we grow our
crop in coir. That gives vigour and makes it extra
challenging to keep the crop generative. In the
early part of the night we allow the temperature
to drop to 14 – 15°C for 3 or 4 hours, with a night
temperature set point of 17.5 – 18°C. In the morning
we don’t like to have the temperature above 18°C
too soon and before 11.00 am we don’t want to top
21°C. In the afternoon we let the temperature rise to
23 – 25°C, based on the light sum. We want to avoid
extremes during the day as much as possible.” In
order to maintain growth in the heads, Peters uses
the pre-midnight temperature. “We either cut down
on it or prolong it, as required.” It is also important
during difficult light conditions to steer for fruit set.
October | 2013
9
‘Endeavour RZ gives
very beautiful tomatoes’
Jos van Adrichem planted his large-truss-tomato plants more or less as the last of all Prominent member-growers
and, on 1 May, came virtually first on the list of production figures. “Compared to other varieties the earliness of
Endeavour RZ really stands out positively,” the grower states. “And, looking at the condition of the plants now and
seeing how much they still have to give, I think that a total production of 69 kg/m² is possible.”
It’s mid-August and the crop is still looking every
Endeavour crop. This year we are growing beneath a
inch a healthy crop, with no lost plants at all yet this
diffuse coating, so we retain a few more leaves than
season. “No botrytis, minimal areas of whitefly and
usual: 14 – 16, which is two more than in previous
red spider mite and, luckily, no verticillium at all,” Van
years.”
Adrichem relates. “Last year we did have a problem
with verticillium. That’s why we started this crop extra
“Endeavour is a labour-friendly variety. The plants
hygienically and with new irrigation lines and nozzles.
grow straight up the string, which makes twisting
We also went for a stronger rootstock this year. And
easy. Fortunately, there is not so much tension in
those measures have paid off: no yellow stems, but
the heads. When we take a leaf out of the head, we
what we did get was lots of kilos of beautiful truss
seldom snap one. Truss pruning is slightly less easy.
tomatoes.”
Endeavour always has vegetative trusses and due
Low, brief pre-midnight
Incidentally, we prune them at 5 throughout the
Van Adrichem describes Endeavour as a strongly
year. Beautiful, strong trusses, large and uniform,
vigorous variety. “You get the best from the plant by
with tasty tomatoes. And you can forget about split
steering it first heavily for size. Once the tomatoes
tomatoes. At a stem density of 3.3, the fruit load can
weigh around 150 g you can concentrate more on
rise to 135 maximum and then it drops again, to 121.
growth. In order to get production going as quickly
This year, the plants are hanging on to the fruits for
as possible, we used low pre-midnights in March
longer due to the cold spring. Initially we were 2 kg
and April: 12 – 13°C. After only two to three hours we
behind, now it’s just one. You can hear the crop sigh! I
then increased the temperature to about 18°C +2°C.
estimate that in two weeks’ time we will be level-
During those two months we sometimes did prolong
pegging again with last year’s production.”
the day temperature, with set points of 20°C +2°C
Jos van Adrichem harvests
nice, strong trusses with
Endeavour RZ.
to the raised leaves they are more difficult to find.
until four hours before sundown and then 20°C +8°C
10 litres/m²
until sundown, depending on the light, of course.
The grower ends by mentioning watering.
Endeavour needs a generative approach throughout
“Endeavour needs a lot of water. On sunny days we
the growing period. That is why we took a leaf out of
have a target value of 3.5 cc/joule radiation and that
the head at every truss from week 5 until 10 June. In
can suddenly increase the watering volume to 10
August we restarted this. We de-leaf by cutting the
litres/m². During those extreme periods we watered
leaves; that way you prevent sideshoots in between,
almost non-stop from 1.00 pm till 3.00 pm. The crop
but you could also easily break the leaves off in an
emerged from the summer in good condition and I
expect to keep it going until mid-December.”
Endeavour RZ
Kwekerij Van Adrichem
10
Location
De Lier
Crop area
5 ha
Sowing date
7 Nov 2013
Planting date
3 Jan 2013
Grafting method
grafted/topped
Stem density
2.5/m² (final: 3.3/m²)
First production
week 13 2013
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Good growing season for
Sassari RZ
Sassari RZ has more than proved itself already in the cherry segment. The
flavour, shape and production of this variety are still unequalled. This
season the results even look a little better, partly because the variety fits in
so well with the present trend for growing with more heat.
Sassari is different in type from most
cient. An increasing number of growers
tomatoes can be harvested when they
other cherry varieties. With its genera-
realise this and choose to grow Sassari
are nice and red because they do not
tive bent, the crop won’t come to any
with a little bit more heat. Because
split readily, and the variety gives
harm if it’s a little heavier. It’s in the
it is stimulated less, you get a more
very few pointed fruits. Last but not
variety’s nature to give split trusses
open crop and healthier plant mate-
least, Sassari is not very susceptible
quite easily and that means a good
rial. This could very well also be one of
to botrytis. This becomes even more
production. The average fruit weight
the reasons why many growers have
apparent where the stem density is
starts at around 15 – 16 g, and for the
had fewer problems this season with
lower, for which the variety is very
greater part of the season it is 14 – 15
abnormal plants; in previous seasons
suitable.
g. Sassari is characterised by a domed
the variety showed an above-average
shape and a diameter of 35 mm at
number of them.
most. The firmly attached calyxes are
also a big advantage, and the variety
Good labour performance
does not suffer form ‘leaking’ fruits.
The more uniform plant material also
More heat
facilitates twisting, as was clearly
noticeable this season. In addition,
In order to get through the summer in
the leaves can be snapped off easily
good shape, our advice is to hold back
and harvesting is also easy, not only
slightly on production in spring when
thanks to the limited fruit-bearing
a pre-midnight of 14 – 15°C is suffi-
length, but also the good quality. The
Renewed interest in 72-142 RZ
Due to changing marktet conditions,
there has been more attention again
lately for 72-142 RZ. This variety has
been trialled commercially as loose
cherries for a few years now. It has a
slightly stronger crop than Sassari RZ
and gives slightly fewer split trusses.
The lower initiation is, however, offset
by the fruit weight which is about
2 g higher. The flavour and the red
colour are of the same high calibre as
Sassari’s.
October | 2013
11
Wide choice of reliable
cocktail varieties
With Amoroso RZ, Brioso RZ and Delioso RZ, Rijk Zwaan has a
reputation to uphold in the cocktail segment. Thanks to the on-going
efforts by breeders, the range is expanding, with all varieties providing
certainty in terms of a very beautiful, deep-red colour and an
extremely good flavour. All varieties on this page are also insusceptible
to split tomatoes – just like Brioso.
Asset for the cocktail segment
Vimoso RZ (72-169 RZ)
Newcomer in the cocktail segment. The tomatoes
weigh 40 – 45 g. In spite of its slightly heavy growing
habit, truss initiation is quick and easy. Fruit set
goes smoothly. Last year, the variety featured in
Marketing@Work in the Trial Center Tomato. This
year, practical experience has also been gained with
entire blocks.
For the larger segment
‘Pink cocktail is worth it’
72-179 RZ
72-175 RZ is the first pink cocktail tomato in the
Brand new in the 45 – 55 g segment, with flat
Rijk Zwaan range. This year, the variety features
trusses and a fair bit of vigour as its outstanding
in the ‘Marketing@Work’ section in the Trial
traits. Generative steering is a must. The fruits are a
Center Tomato, where you can see that the crop
lovely dark red and get high marks in taste tests.
is comparable to Amoroso’s to a high degree.
Furthermore, the fruits weigh 45 – 50 g and the
flavour is absolutely delicious. Especially the
sweetness is remarkable: a characteristic trait
of all pink varieties. The chances for this type
Comparable with Brioso RZ
72-180 RZ
12
in new markets – like the western European
one – are, therefore, enormous. The challenge
is to get consumers used to the remarkable
colour. Once they have tasted one, consumers
In terms of crop structure and fruit quality, this
do not take much convincing. Although chain
variety is almost identical to Brioso RZ. Differences
efforts are yet to start playing an important role
are the sometimes slightly less flat tip of the trusses
in this, at least the right variety is already on
of 72-180 RZ and the fruit weight is a few grams
hand: 72-175 RZ.
higher compared to Brioso.
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
‘Striving together for a
healthy future’
Rijk Zwaan has distinguished itself for years now
Rijk Zwaan is growing and so is the world around the company. That
with its healthy growth. A clear indication of this is
offers opportunities but at the same time it carries extra responsibilities.
the new head office in De Lier, put into use at the
Rijk Zwaan has ambitions to do something with that. Director Marco van
end of last year. Building it had been put off for a
Leeuwen: “Only together with our business partners will we be able to
long time, for ever since the company was founded
realise those ambitions.”
in 1924 it has given priority to investing in R&D. “We
built, for instance, new breeding facilities in the
Netherlands, Spain and Turkey in recent years, but
growers, vegetable processors, chefs and other
we have also invested in production locations in
professionals meet to inspire each other with their
Tanzania and Mexico,” Marco van Leeuwen relates.
passion for vegetables. The aim of this platform is
“We invest because we can see so many opportuni-
to increase vegetable consumption worldwide: a
ties. Opportunities for products with a higher yield,
highly concrete expression of Rijk Zwaan’s healthy
more resistances, a better flavour and easier to
ambitions.
process.”
Central position in society
In the meantime, Love my Salad already has more
than 100,000 fans on Facebook so there, too,
Those improved products offer opportunities for
growth is considerable. Marco emphasises that
commercial success, of course; for Rijk Zwaan as
that growth is not an end in itself for Rijk Zwaan.
well as for other links in the chain. There are oppor-
“But it is a condition for us to enable us to continue
tunities on a totally different level as well, though.
investing in knowledge, people and partnerships
That is evident from Rijk Zwaan subsidiary Afrisem
and, with that, in a healthy future. For growers
in Tanzania, which gives Rijk Zwaan the unique
and the successive links in the chain, up to and
angle for developing specific varieties for local,
including the millions of consumers; we want
African vegetable cultivation. According to Marco
them to have their share of the fresh, healthy
it is one of the examples of the changing position
and tasty vegetables, for which we lay the
Rijk Zwaan occupies: not only at the centre of the
foundations with our varieties.”
vegetable sector but also at the centre of society.
“We have the knowledge and the tools to take up
a number of huge challenges the world is facing
and provide solutions. And we must do something
A joint challenge: to keep providing the world’s growing
population with sufficient, healthy food.
with that. Tackle undernourishment, overweight
and obesity with healthy vegetables, reduce the
pressure on eco-systems by applying new growing
techniques, and keep providing the growing world
population with sufficient, healthy food.”
Partnerships
Essential in these challenges is the choice for longterm collaborations and partnerships, based on
mutual trust and win-win. An approach, adopted
by Rijk Zwaan years ago: in advising and guiding
growers but also in the many successful chain
projects. Only by tackling them together will
these initiatives lead to success worldwide and
throughout the chain. It has also been the foundation for starting LovemySalad.com, the social
salad network of Rijk Zwaan where consumers and
October | 2013
13
In the spotlight
Rijk Zwaan keeps adding to it’s tomato range. On this page we single out a
number of varieties.
Truss, large
72-752 RZ
Loose
72-389 RZ
Loose
72-390 RZ
An addition to the large-truss segment;
A loose tomato, comparable to Arvento
Newcomer for the large, loose segment
mildew resistant and an open crop.
RZ in fruit weight and the A/B ratio of
with a fairly strong crop. It is compa-
The variety gives nice, flat trusses with
tomatoes. On all fronts, 72-389 RZ is at
rable in flavour to Arvento RZ. The
lovely, deep-red tomatoes and strong
least equal to this standard variety: the
average fruit weight is about 10 g
green parts. Early production is high.
production, Brix and uniformity are,
higher. Although this slows down
The average fruit weight is around
potentially, even a little better. All fruits
development somewhat, a high total
150 g and, for the large segment, the
develop well; the crop is fairly open and,
production is possible. The percentage
flavour is remarkably good, as is that of
compared to Arvento’s, slightly longer.
of B tomatoes is around 90, the BB
Endeavour RZ.
numbers are minimal.
Average fruit weight (g): 150
Average fruit weight (g): 100
Average fruit weight (g): 115
Truss, small
72-711 RZ
Mini plum, loose
72-163 RZ
Mini plum, truss
Tiarino RZ (72-167 RZ)
Flavoursome tomato in the segment of
Mini plum tomato with a slightly lower
Mini plum as a truss tomato, with
Roterno RZ and Lyterno RZ. The variety
fruit weight than Solarino RZ but the
an excellent flavour. The trusses are
gives deep-red, somewhat oblate fruits
high initiation ensures the production
nice and flat with strong green parts.
and the deep-green parts are remark-
is at least equal. The crop has sufficient
Compared to Caldino RZ (72-161 RZ) the
ably strong. The crop is short and strong
vigour to make it through autumn in
tomatoes are about 5 g heavier, taking
and has a generative bent.
good shape. In spite of the larger leaf
them to an average fruit weight of
area, 72-163 RZ has an excellent flavour
20 – 25 g. Tiarino RZ makes a fairly open
thanks to its small size.
crop.
Average fruit weight (g): 100
14
Average fruit weight (g): 8
Average fruit weight (g): 20
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Rijk Zwaan keeps investing
in R&D and quality
Growth and new, rapid developments in the area of research make
it necessary for Rijk Zwaan to expand. On this page an impression of
current projects.
Research into diseases
In De Lier they are working hard on enlarging the
phytopathological research centre. The present
location is expanded with the addition of a new
glasshouse and a number of cells. With these
new-builds, Rijk Zwaan responds to the fast-growing demand for resistance tests.
Greater capacity
Last year, Rijk Zwaan already moved into a new
logistics centre and the next phase of this project
is now in full swing. In the Seed Technology Centre,
Rijk Zwaan seeds are delivered, processed, stored
and packed.
Speeding up the breeding cycle
The establishment in Fijnaart is expanded with a
phytotron where plants are propagated in growing
cells for use in the laboratories. Thanks to this new
technique, the development of parent lines can be
speeded up.
October | 2013
15
Ever more varieties on offer
in expanding segment
Variety Confetto RZ has been around for a few
A couple of years ago, the blocky segment started to gain ground.
years now. The remarkable thing about this variety
Thanks to the attractive, slightly blockier shape and good flavour,
is that it is suitable for picking either loose or as a
this segment has developed into one of the most popular tomato
truss tomato. The greater part of its growing area is
types in a short period of time.
harvested loose. Confetto is ideal as healthy snack
tomato. The excellent flavour and production have
already more than proved themselves in practice.
The stable shape of the variety is another remarkable
advantage. Especially the fact that it retains its characteristic ‘dimple’ is much appreciated by the trade.
Even in slightly more difficult conditions the trusses
will still make enough flowers, which set easily.
Three newcomers
Due to the popularity of the segment and since the
introduction of Confetto, Rijk Zwaan has invested a
lot of energy in enlarging the range. And not without
results, for Rijk Zwaan is introducing no fewer than
three new varieties for the coming season: Vacetto
RZ (72-164 RZ), 72-174 RZ and 72-165 RZ.
1. Vacetto RZ (72-164 RZ)
Vacetto RZ has very beautiful, dark red, firm fruits
and just a tad more crop and vertical growth
than Confetto. This variety is ideal as a tasty truss
tomato. The truss stems are slightly larger than
Confetto’s and the tomatoes are also more firmly
attached to the truss after harvesting. The fruits are
marginally heavier than Confetto’s.
2. 72-174 RZ
This variety is similar in length to Confetto. 72-174
RZ gives slightly larger fruits, with ‘174’ being the
largest of the smaller blocky types. This variety has
a more generative and somewhat more open crop
than Confetto and Vacetto.
3. 72-165 RZ
72-165 RZ is the largest of the blocky newcomers
and is different from the others as regards crop
type. Because it grows a little ‘wilder’ it has to be
planted at a slightly wider spacing. Generative
steering is required. It has the shortest plants of
this type. The fruits may be picked loose or on the
truss and weigh approx. 50 g. 72-165 RZ is a real
culinary tour de force with a surprising production. 16
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
‘Enjoy eating
what you grow’
It is a well-known fact that many people do not eat enough vegetables. It’s no
news, either, that the biggest challenge is in changing children’s attitude to
food. Supermarket chain SPAR decided to pick up the gauntlet and developed
a progressive project around school gardens, using Rijk Zwaan seeds and
knowledge.
logistics and promotion. But for SPAR it’s definitely
Juanita van Bon, project
employee communications at SPAR.
worth the outlay. “There are children who seriously
think that cucumbers come from a factory. They have
no idea what the growing process is all about. We
think it’s important to do something about this and
to involve children in growing certain vegetables, as
research has shown that it makes them keener to eat
those vegetables as well!”
Confirmation of this comes from the many positive
Children’s entertainer ‘Bobbie’ took care of the kick-off of the vegetable
garden concept at a school in Dongen.
reactions to the initiative. “Those stores that are
taking part are enthusiastic and enjoy being able to
show their local involvement this way. It’s important
“Fruit and vegetables are the attention-grabbers in our
in this that they don’t focus too much on the money
stores, as we are most of all the neighbourhood shop
side, but that they realise how much you can achieve
for daily convenience in the Netherlands,” says Juanita
with a few tenners. The enormously positive reactions
van Bon, project employee communications at SPAR.
from participating schools, teachers and parents
“We regard it as our community task to improve the
speak volumes where that’s concerned. And don’t
quality of life in the neighbourhood around our stores.
forget either the attention the initiative is given in the
That is why we became enthused by the idea of letting
local media. This project is not aimed at increasing
children grow their own vegetables and so ultimately
SPAR’s turnover but it does generate a lot of positive
increase their vegetable consumption. Initiatives
PR! What’s more, as retailer we also gain a little more
towards that aim already existed, but that entailed
insight into what children like and enjoy in terms of
paying for packets of seed. Because of its importance
food.”
to society we thought that such an activity for schools
should really be free of charge.”
Growing with partners
With more than 12,000 stores in 35
The school garden project is growing
Since February, SPAR branches have been able to opt
fast, building up to perhaps as many as
countries, SPAR is one of the largest food
for supplying free ‘school-garden packages’ to junior
5,000 schools, and could be extended
retailers in the world. In the Netherlands,
schools and after-school clubs, 1,500 schools in total.
in the future in different ways by, for
SPAR wants to be the neighbourhood
Using the soil, seeds and tools supplied, the children
example, adding extra activities. One
shop for daily convenience and
themselves can watch products like little snack
condition for this, though, is having the
cucumbers and Salanova® lettuce grow and, later on,
support of partners. That is why SPAR is glad
harvest and eat them. During the growing season,
that, via Gygga Innoventures, Rijk Zwaan is also
SPAR provides the children with tips by sending out a
actively involved in the project. “With Rijk Zwaan’s
weekly newsletter.
initiative Love my Salad they have, after all, the same
Increase in consumption
so contribute to a better
lifestyle.
aim. Apart from knowledge and experience, their
contribution also includes their high-quality seeds,
The organisation of such a large project does, of
of course, which ensures that very little can go wrong
course, cost time and money, especially for materials,
with the crops and, especially, makes it fun for the
children!”
October | 2013
17
Across
the
border
Tomatoes have always been a very important crop within Polish horticulture. For a long time, crops were grown in the soil, in glasshouses as well
as tunnels, but from the 90s onwards, tomato growing has seen something of a professionalisation coup. It has reached a higher level and the
range is expanding, with beefsteak tomatoes still being the standard.
Polish tomato growing
in full development
From the 70s onwards, Polish tomato growing was
Emergence of pink tomatoes
dominated by two types of nursery. On the one hand
Right now, high-tech tomato growing in Poland
there were the relatively small, private nurseries –
covers about 1,100 ha, with about 80% of that down
from a few hundred to a few thousand m² - and on
to beefsteak tomatoes. Their average fruit weight is
the other hand there were the huge state nurseries,
150 – 250 g and the tomatoes are picked loose and
up to 30 ha and more in size. The total, covered
sold in 6kg boxes. “In recent years pink beefsteak
tomato growing area extended at one time to about
tomatoes have also been gaining ground,” Pawell
2,500 ha and only beefsteak tomatoes were grown.
relates. “This year, this type already makes up about
“Halfway through the 90s, modern growing tech-
10% of the total area. More and more growers are
niques were introduced,” Pawel Strauchmann, crop
enthusiastic about this type, and for good reason.
specialist tomato for Rijk Zwaan in Poland, relates.
Not only does this type fetch almost twice the
“The glasshouses got better, rockwool was discov-
normal price during the season, they are also very
ered and the number of professional, independent
popular with Russian consumers. This ensures that
nurseries rose rapidly. The state nurseries totally
exports of pink tomatoes are rising fast.” Besides
disappeared in a very short time.”
beefsteak tomatoes, about 70 ha of large truss
Different climate
consists of specialities like cherry, cocktail and plum
In its development, Polish tomato growing has made
tomatoes. “In total, Poland produces approx. 450,000
optimal use of knowledge from the Netherlands and
tons of tomatoes per year, of which 25% is exported,
Belgium, especially where technical developments
especially to eastern Europe and Russia.”
are concerned. But, according to Pawell, there is no
18
tomatoes are also grown. The remainder of the area
question about copying anything. “In Poland the
Difficult season
climate is predominantly a continental one. This
Most Polish growers plant their crops between
means that from December to end February we may
mid-December and mid-January. Mainly grafted
get heavy snowfalls and extremely low temperatures,
and topped plants are used, and a stem density of
down to as much as 30°C below zero. Added to that is
2.5 stems/m². Then, in the summer, an extra stem is
limited insulation, and radiation of between 100 and
retained, to give a final density of 3 – 3.2 stems/m². In
150 joules during the daytime. In the summer we may
connection with the poor insulation of the glass-
get high temperatures combined with low humidity –
houses and the ever increasing heating costs, the
less than 20% even. So it’s not so very strange that the
crops are then finished end October/early November.
growing method and the growing period are different
By that time, growers will have achieved a produc-
from the ones used in the Netherlands. That also goes
tion of, on average, 52 – 55 kg/m²; up to 60 kg with
for the types, by the way, because beefsteak tomatoes
large beefsteak tomatoes. “Last season was rela-
are still far and away the favourite.”
tively difficult,” Pawell remembers. “Up to April we
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Successful
Rijk Zwaan
varieties
Rijk Zwaan occupies a good position in the Polish tomato market.
Besides the two main varieties in the beefsteak segment, Rijk
Zwaan varieties in other segments also do well in the difficult
Polish conditions.
Top-production varieties Guyana RZ and Bogota RZ are the
biggest varieties in the beefsteak segment, with both giving
remarkably large and uniform fruits. Especially Guyana
(200 – 240 g) is very popular with growers who concentrate on
the Polish beefsteak-tomato market. Apart from the nice fruits
Breeder Michel Weerdenburg and Marian Molchrzycki assess the
harvested product of Guyana RZ.
and good production, this variety is also characterised by good
growing traits. Growers who prune the trusses at 4 – 5 fruits
were still enduring wintry conditions, with low light
harvest an extremely uniform product (category BB or BBB)
levels and low temperatures. That resulted in a lower
with nice green parts that can be put straight into the box.
yield and a harvesting delay of 10 – 14 days. Growers
The high quality of the product is also very much appreciated
estimate that yields are 2 – 3 kg down on last season
by Polish consumers, who buy their vegetables on traditional
and, to make matters worse, prices are
vegetable markets.
10 – 15% lower.”
Attractive shape
In the smaller beefsteak segment, good results are currently
obtained with 72-528 RZ and 72-529 RZ. Both varieties give
flat, slightly ribbed fruits with a weight of 160 – 180 g. In
Big Beef type 72-617 RZ
Poland, these varieties can be planted early January, preferably in high, modern glasshouses. Variety 72-529 RZ is better
suited to lower glasshouses because of its shorter internodes.
Both varieties retain their attractive shape and lovely red
colour throughout the growing period. The tomatoes may be
picked either with or without the green parts – depending on
demand – and are ideal for mechanical grading. They also
stand up very well to being transported over long distances.
In the truss segment, Endeavour RZ is doing well. As is the case
in the Netherlands, this variety is appreciated in particular for
its good quality and distinctive taste. In Poland, the variety is
harvested as truss- and also as loose tomatoes. If the latter,
the tomatoes are picked without the green parts and they
weigh 140 – 160 g. This results in B and BB tomatoes which
mesh perfectly with the demands from supermarket chains
and make them suitable for export into the bargain.
Strong root system
Rootstock Emperador RZ is also gaining in popularity in
Poland. Plant raisers appreciate the good germination and the
high percentage of transplantable plants. Growers are pleased
with the strong root system of Emperador which, for beefsteak tomatoes and truss tomatoes, enables them to achieve
optimum yields.
October | 2013
19
Successful demo day
tomatoes
Diversity was at the heart of the demo day on Thursday 5 September.
Diversity in the range, but also diversity in visitors. Especially the number
of foreign guests was remarkably high. But of course there was plenty
to see and discuss for Dutch growers, too.
20
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
New tomato demo
in Canada
Following the Netherlands and Spain, Rijk Zwaan now also has a demo location
for tomatoes in Canada. The ‘RZ Tomato Demo Greenhouse’ stands in Leamington
(Ontario) and facilities there are comparable to those in the Netherlands.
October | 2013
21
You can rely on
Emperador RZ and Kaiser RZ
Rootstocks ensure extra vigour and stamina in a tomato crop and can have a positive influence on crop condition, fruit
weight and fruit quality. Meanwhile, Emperador RZ is now an established name. Kaiser RZ is proving itself in practice for
the first time this season.
Emperador RZ
Kaiser RZ
Emperador RZ is vigorous and generative and
Following its introduction last year, Kaiser RZ is
has great stamina. A continued crop, grafted on
being widely tested commercially this season: as
Emperador, will remain a little easier to steer than
rootstock for, among others, Cappricia RZ, Arvento
if grafted onto more vegetative rootstocks, while
RZ, Brioso RZ, Endeavour RZ, Lyterno RZ and
vigour is retained. The combination of vigour and
Arlyco RZ. A year ago the expectation was already
generativity ensures a good average fruit weight
expressed in Seeds & Services that Kaiser might
throughout the growing period. Generally speaking,
well turn out to be an all-rounder, and it seems to
it is just a touch higher than for rootstocks with
live up to that expectation. On average, it does well
much less vigour or much more vegetativity. The
as the rootstock for all varieties it was tested with.
last flowers of the truss are usually slightly stronger,
Typical for Kaiser are its vigour and stamina and the
which gives better fruit set, making the last fruit on
fact that it carries its fruits easily in autumn.
the truss a tad heavier and giving it a better shape.
Thanks to that, steering during that period is not
quite so necessary and during the second half of
the season it is possible to achieve a higher
average fruit weight and higher production. This
is also confirmed by the results in the Trial Center
Tomato.
22
Rijk Zwaan | Seeds&Sharing | Tomato
Contact details
Rijk Zwaan Export B.V.
Iceland/Sweden/Norway/
Finland/Denmark
Leif Anderson
M +46 70 99 94 469
E [email protected]
Denmark
Harm Ehmen
M +45 21 22 68 95
E [email protected]
Canada
Marleen van der Torre
M +1 226 344 6670
E [email protected]
Australia
Steven Roberts
M +61 40 86 13 534
E [email protected]
United Kingdom
Stuart Lambert
M +44 788 960 55 08
E [email protected]
The Baltic
Thomas Skaizgirys
M +370 68 33 44 62
E [email protected]
Rijk Zwaan Export B.V.
Burgemeester Crezéelaan 40
P.O. Box 40, De Lier, the Netherlands
T +31 (0)174 53 23 00
F +31 (0)174 51 82 43
E [email protected]
www.rijkzwaan.com
Disclaimer
Differing degrees of specificity exist in the relations between
plants and pests or pathogens. Identification of such
specificity generally requires the use of highly elaborate
analytical methods. Recognizing whether a plant is subject
to a pest or pathogen or not may depend on the analytical
method employed. It is important, in general, to stress that
the specificity of pests or pathogens may vary over time
and space, depends on environmental factors, and that new
pest biotypes or new pathogen races capable of overcoming
resistance may emerge.
Immunity: not subject to attack or infection by a specified
pest or pathogen.
Resistance: the ability of a plant variety to restrict the
growth and development of a specified pest or pathogen
and/or the damage they cause when compared to
susceptible plant varieties under similar environmental
conditions and pest or pathogen pressure. Resistant varieties
may exhibit some disease symptoms or damage under heavy
pest or pathogen pressure.
Two levels of resistance are defined:
•
High/standard resistance (HR*): plant varieties that
highly restrict the growth and development of the
specified pest or pathogen under normal pest or
pathogen pressure when compared to susceptible
varieties. These plant varieties may, however, exhibit
some symptoms or damage under heavy pest or
pathogen pressure.
•
Moderate/intermediate resistance (IR*): plant
varieties that restrict the growth and development
of the specified pest or pathogen, but may exhibit a
greater range of symptoms or damage compared to
high/standard resistant varieties.
Moderately/intermediately resistant plant varieties
will still show less severe symptoms or damage than
susceptible plant varieties when grown under similar
environmental conditions and/or pest or pathogen
pressure.
Susceptibility: is the inability of a plant variety to restrict the
growth and development of a specified pest or pathogen.
If in a resistance code of a certain variety reference is made
to certain pest biotypes or pathogen races for which the
resistance is claimed this means that no resistance is claimed
to other biotypes or races of the same pest or pathogen.
If in a resistance code no reference is made to pest biotypes
or pathogen races for which the resistance is claimed this
means that resistance is claimed only to certain not further
specified pest biotypes or pathogen races.
Rijk Zwaan’s descriptions, illustrations, growing advices and
any other information in whatever form for example on
expiry, sowing, planting and harvesting dates are based as
precisely as possible on experiences in trials and in practice.
However, Rijk Zwaan does not accept in any case liability
for damages resulting from the use of such descriptions,
illustrations, growing advices and information. The buyer/
user itself is responsible for proper storage of the seeds and
will be deemed to determine whether the products and
growing advices are suitable to be used for the intended
cultivations and under the local conditions.
Inclusion of a variety in this edition does not automatically
imply that such a variety is available for purposes of
exploitation; it might be available for testing only. For more
information, please contact Rijk Zwaan (www.rijkzwaan.
com).
The pictures in this edition show the types to which the
varieties as mentioned belong and not all varieties as such.
These pictures do not constitute any warranty, express or
implied, of crop performance.
October | 2013
23
“The earliness of
Endeavour RZ stands out positively”
Jos van Adrichem
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then please e-mail [email protected].
We appreciate your reaction.
Rijk Zwaan Export B.V. | Burgemeester Crezéelaan 40 | 2678 KX De Lier | the Netherlands | www.rijkzwaan.com