Appendix
Measurement Conversion Table
MULTIPLY TO OBTAIN
Bushels by 8
gal. (dry)
Bushels by 1.24
cubic ft.
Bushels by 4
pecks
Bushels by 0.04545
cubic yds.
Cm by 0.3937
in.
Cm by 0.01
m
Cm by 10
mm
Cubic cm by 0.00003531
cubic ft.
Cubic cm by 0.06102
cubic in.
Cubic cm by 0.00001
cubic m
Cubic cm by 0.000001308 cubic yds.
gal.
Cubic cm by 0.0002642
liters
Cubic cm by 0.001
pts. (liq.)
Cubic cm by 0.002113
qts. (liq.)
Cubic cm by 0.001057
cubic cm
Cubic ft. by 0.0002832
cubic in.
Cubic ft. by 1728
cubic m
Cubic ft. by 0.02832
cubic yds.
Cubic ft. by 0.03704
gal. (liq.)
Cubic ft. by 7.48052
liters
Cubic ft. by 28.32
pints (liq.)
Cubic ft. by 59.84
quarts (liq.)
Cubic ft. by 29.92
bushels
Cubic ft. by .80
cubic cm
Cubic in. by 16.39
cubic ft.
Cubic in. by 0.0005787
cubic m
Cubic in. by 0.00001639
Cubic in. by 0.00002143 cubic yds.
gal.
Cubic in. by 0.004329
liters
Cubic in. by 0.01639
pints (liq.)
Cubic in. by 0.03463
quarts (liq.)
Cubic in. by 0.01732
cubic cm
Cubic m by 10000
cubic ft.
Cubic m by 35.31
cubic in.
Cubic m by 61.023
cubic yds.
Cubic m by 1.308
gal.
Cubic m by 264.2
liters
Cubic m 1000
pt. (liq.)
Cubic m by 2113
qt. (liq.)
Cubic m by 1057
Temperature:
616
°C = (°F - 32) x 0.555
MULTIPLY TO OBTAIN
Cubic yds. by 22
Cubic yds. by 27
Cubic yds. by 46.656
Cubic yds. by 0.7646
Cubic yds. by 202.0
Cubic yds. by 764.6
Cubic yds. by 1616
Cubic yds. by 807.9
Ft. by 30.48
Ft. by 12
Ft. by 0.3048
Ft. by 1/3
Gal. by 3785
Gal. by 0.1337
Gal. by 231
Gal. by 0.003785
Gal. by 0.004951
Gal. by 3.785
Gal. by 8
Gal. by 4
Gal. water by 8.3453
Grams by 0.01
Grams by 1000
Grams by 0.03527
Grams by 0.002205
In. by 2.540
Kg by 2.205
Kg by 1000
K by 0.6214
Liters by 1000
Liters by 0.03531
Liters by 61.02
Liters by 0.01
Liters by 0.001308
Liters by 0.2642
Liters by 2.113
Liters by 1.057
Meters by 100
Meters by 3.281
Meters by 39.37
bushels
cubic ft.
cubic in.
cubic m
gal.
liters
pts. (liq.)
qts. (liq.)
cm
in.
m
yds.
cubic cm
cubic ft.
cubic in.
cubic m
cubic yds.
liters
pts. (liq.)
qts. (liq.)
lbs. of water
kg
mg
oz.
lb.
cm
lb.
grams
miles
cubic cm
cubic ft.
cubic in.
cubic m
cubic yds.
gal.
pts. (liq.)
qt. (liq.)
cm
ft.
in.
°F = (°C x 1.8) + 32
UME © 2012
MULTIPLY TO OBTAIN
Meters by 0.001
Meters by 1.094
Miles by 5280
Miles by 1.609
Miles by 1760
Oz. by 0.0625
Oz. by 2
Oz. by 6
Oz. by 3
Oz. by 9
Oz. by 28.349527
Oz. (fl.) by 1.805
Oz. (fl.) by 0.02957
Pecks by 0.25
Pecks by 2
Lbs. by 16
Lbs. by 453.5924
Lbs. of water by 0.01602
Lbs. of water by 27.68
Lbs. of water by 0.1198
Qts. (dry) by 67.20
Qts. (liq.) by 47.75
Tbsp. (liq.) by 0.5
Tbsp. (dry) by 0.3333
Tbsp. by 3
Tsp. (liq.) by 0.1666
Tsp. (dry) by 0.1111
Tsp. by 0.3333
Tons (metric) by 1000
Tons (metric) by 2205
Tons (short) by 2000
km
yd.
ft.
km
yds.
lb.
tbsp. (liq.)
tsp. (liq.)
tbsp. (dry)
tsp. (dry)
gram
cubic in.
liters
bushels
gal.
oz.
grams
cubic ft.
cubic in.
gal.
cubic in.
cubic in.
oz.
oz.
tsp.
oz.
oz.
tbsp.
kg
lb.
lb.
Abbreviations
gal.
ft.
yd.
in.
m
mm
pt.
qt.
cm
gallon
foot
yard
inch
meter
millimeter
pint
quart
centimeter
gm
k
kg
lb.
mg
oz.
tbsp.
tsp.
gram
kilometer
kilogram
pound
milligram
ounce
tablespoon
teaspoon
pH Preference Table
pH range
Abelia, Abelia grandiflora
Alfalfa, Medicago sativa
Alyssum, Alyssum maritimum
Amaryllis, Amaryllis belladonna
Apple, Malus pumila
Arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis
Ash - American mountain, Sorbus americana
Ash - black, Fraximus nigra
Ash - white, Fraximus americana
Asparagus, Asparagus officinalis
Aster, Aster spp.
Astilbe, Astilbe spp.
Azalea, Rhododendron spp.
Barley, Hordeum sativum
Bean, Phaseolus spp.
Beech, Phagus grandiflora
Beet, Beta vulgaris
Begonia, Begonia spp.
6.0-7.5
6.5-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
6.0-7.0
4.5-5.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
5.0-6.0
5.0-6.0
4.5-5.5
6.5-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.0-6.5
6.0-7.0
5.5-7.0
Birch - American white, Betula papyrifera
Birch - European white, Betula verrucosa
Blackberry, Rubus allegheniensis
Blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum
Boxwood, Buxus sempervirens
Brussels sprouts, Brassica oleracea, Gemnifera
Common and botanical name
pH range
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.0
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.5
5.0-6.5
5.0-6.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-6.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
5.0-6.5
5.5-6.5
6.0-7.5
5.0-6.8
5.0-6.8
5.5-6.5
5.0-6.5
4.5-6.0
5.0-6.0
4.0-5.0
6.0-7.0
Clover - crimson, Trifolium incarnatum
Collards, Brassica oleracea, Acephala group
Corn, Zea mays
Cotoneaster, Cotoneaster spp.
Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum
Cowpea, Vigna sinensis
Cucumber, Cucumis sativus
Currant, Ribes spp.
Cyclamen, Cyclamen persicum
Daffodil, Narcissus bulbocodium
Dahlia, Dahlia variablis
Delphinium, Delphinium grandiflorum
Dogwood - flowering, Cornus florida
Eggplant, Solanum melongena
Elm, Ulmus americana
Endive, Chicorum endiva
Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare
Fern - Boston, Nephrolepsis exalta, var. Bostoniensis
Fern - maidenhair, Adiantum pedatum
Forsythia, Forsythia spp.
Gardenia, Gardenia jasminoides
Garlic, Allium sativum
Grape, Vitus labrusca
6.0-7.0
Grass - Bermuda, Cynodon dactylon
6.0-7.0
Buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum
Cabbage, Brassica oleracea, Capitata group
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.0
Grass - Kentucky blue, Poa pratensis
Grass - Chewings fescue, Festuca rubra, var.
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
Cabbage - Chinese, Brassica pekinensis
Caladium, Caladium esculentum
Camellia, Camellia japonica
Canna, Canna spp.
Cantaloupe, Cucumis melo
Carnation, Dianthus caryophyllus
Carrot, Daucus carota
Cauliflower, Brassica oleracea, Botrytis group
Celery, Apium graveolens
Chard, Swiss, Beta vulgaris, Cicla group
Cherry - sour, Prunus cerasus
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
4.5-5.5
6.0-8.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-6.8
6.0-7.0
Grass - tall fescue, Festuca pratensis
Grass - red fescue, F. rubra var. genuina
Grass - perennial rye, Lolium perenne
Hibiscus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Holly - American, Ilex opaca
Holly - English, I. aquifolium
Holly - Japanese, I. crenata
Holly - mountain, Nemopanthus mucronata
Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana
Hyacinth, Hyacinthus candicans
Hydrangea - blue-flowered, Hydrangea macro-
4.5-7.0
5.5-6.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
5.0-6.0
4.0-5.5
5.0-6.5
5.0-6.0
6.0-7.0
6.5-7.5
4.0-5.0
Cherry - sweet, Prunus avium
6.0-7.5
Hydrangea - pink-flowered, Hydrangea macro-
6.0-7.0
group
fallax
phylla
phylla
6.0-7.5
6.0-8.0
5.0-6.0
5.5-6.8
5.5-7.0
Table continued on next page.
UME © 2012
621
Appendix
Common and botanical name
Appendix
Table continued from previous page.
Common and botanical name
pH range
Common and botanical name
pH range
Ivy - Boston, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, var. veitchii
6.0-7.5
Peony, Paeonia albiflora
6.0-7.5
Ivy - English, Hedera helix
Juniper - common, Juniperus communis
Juniper - creeping, J. horizontalis
Juniper - mountain, J. communis montana
Kale, Brassica oleracea, Acephala group
Kohlrabi, Brassica oleracea, Gongylodes group
Leek, Allium ampeloprasum
Lettuce, Lactuca sativa
Lilac - common, Syringa vulgaris
Lilac - Persian, S. persica
Lily - Easter, Lilium longiflorum
Lily - Japanese, L. speciosum
Lily - regal, L. regale
Lily - tiger, L. tigrinum
Lily-of-the-valley, Convallaria majalis
Linden, Tilia spp.
Lupine, Lupinus spp.
Magnolia - saucer, Magnolia soulangiana
Magnolia - southern, M. grandiflora
Magnolia - star, M. stellata
Maple - sugar, Acer saccharum
Mint, Mentha arvensis
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.0-6.0
5.0-6.0
5.5-6.8
5.5-6.8
6.0-6.8
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
4.5-6.0
6.0-8.0
5.0-6.0
5.0-5.8
5.0-5.8
5.0-5.8
6.0-7.2
6.8-7.5
Pepper, Capsicum spp.
Pine - jack, Pinus Banksiana
Pine - loblolly, P. taeda
Pine - longleaf, P. palustris
Pine - red, P. resinosa
Pine - white, P. strobus
Pine - yellow, P. echinata
Plum, Prunus americana
Poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima
Poplar - silver, Populus alba
Poppy, Papaver alpinum
Poppy - blue, Meconopsis Bailera
Poppy - California, Eschscholzia california
Poppy - Iceland, P. nudicaule
Poppy - oriental, P. orientale
Potato - Irish, Solanum tuberosum
Potato - sweet, Ipomaea batatas
Pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo
Radish, Raphanus raphanistrum
Raspberry - black, Rubus occidentalis
Raspberry - red, R. idaeus
Rhododendron, Rhododendron albiflorum,
5.5-7.0
4.5-5.5
5.0-6.0
4.5-5.0
5.0-6.0
4.5-6.0
5.0-6.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
4.8-5.5
5.2-5.8
5.5-7.5
5.5-6.5
5.0-6.5
5.5-7.0
Mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia
Muskmelon, Cucumis melo
Mustard, Brassica juncea
Myrtle - crepe, Lagerstroemia indica
Oak - black, Quercus velutina
Oak - pin, Q. palustris
Oak - red, Q. borealis
Oak - white, Q. alba
Oats, Avena sativa
Okra, Hibiscus esculentus
Onion, Allium cepa
Pachysandra - Japanese, Pachysandra terminalis
Pansy, Viola tricolor
Parsley, Petroselinum crispum
Parsnip, Pastinaca sativa
Pea - edible garden, Pisum sativum
Pea - sweet, Lathyrus odoratus
Peach, Prunus persica
Peanut, Arachis hypogaea
Pear, Pyrus communis
Pecan - Carya illinoinensis
4.5-5.5
6.0-7.0
5.5-6.8
5.0-6.0
6.0-7.0
5.0-6.5
4.5-6.0
5.0-6.5
5.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.0-8.0
5.5-6.5
5.0-7.0
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
6.5-7.5
Rhubarb, Rheum rhabarbarum
Rose - climbing, R. cathayensis
Rose - hybrid tea, Rosa sp.
Rose - rugosa, R. rugosa
Rutabaga, Brassica napobrassica
Rye, Secale cereale
Salsify, Tragopopon porrifolius
Shallot, Allium cepa, Aggregatum group
Sorrel, Rumex acetosa
Soybean, Glycine Max
Spinach, Spinacia oleracea
Spruce - black, Picea mariana
Spruce - Colorado, P. pungens
Spruce - Norway, P. abies
Spruce - red, P. rubra
Spruce - Sitka, P. sitchensis
Spruce - white, P. glauca
Squash, curbita spp.
Strawberry, Fragaria spp.
Sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum
Sunflower, Helianthus augustifolius and annuus
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.0
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.0
5.5-7.0
5.0-7.0
6.0-6.8
5.0-6.8
5.0-6.8
6.0-7.0
6.0-7.5
4.0-5.0
6.0-7.0
5.0-6.0
4.5-5.0
5.0-6.0
5.0-6.0
6.0-7.0
5.0-6.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
carolinianum, caucasicum, apponicum, mucronulatum
4.5-6.0
Table continued on next page.
622
UME © 2012
Table continued from previous page.
Common and botanical name
Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum
Tomato, Lycopersicon lycopersicum
Trefoil - bird’s foot, Lotus corniculatus
Trefoil - yellow, Medicago lupulina
Tulip, Tulipa spp.
Turnip, Brassica rapa
Vetch - hairy, Vicia villosa
Viburnum, Viburnum tomentosum
Viburnum, V. acerifolium
Violet, Viola canina
pH range
5.5-7.5
5.5-7.5
5.5-7.0
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.0
5.5-6.8
5.5-7.0
6.5-7.5
4.0-5.0
6.0-7.5
Common and botanical name
Violet - blue, V. paplionacea
Walnut - black, Juglans nigra
Watercress, Nasturtium aquaticum
Watermelon, citrullus
Wheat, Triticum aestivum
Wisteria - Japanese, Wisteria floribunda
Yew - Canada, Taxus canadensis
Yew - Japanese, T. cuspidata
Yucca, Yucca spp.
Zinnia, Zinnia elegans
pH range
5.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
6.0-7.5
5.0-5.5
5.5-7.5
6.5-7.5
5.0-6.0
6.0-7.0
6.0-8.0
5.5-7.5
Appendix
Abridged from The Fertile Triangle, B.Wolf. Haworth Press, New York, who cited the following sources: Lamotte Chemical Products,
Co. 1950, Lamotte Soil Handbook. Lamotte Chemical Products Co., Towson, MD; O.A. and D.M.Maynard, 1988. Knott’s Handbook for
Vegetable Growers, Third Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York; Spurway, C.H. 1941. Soil Reaction (pH) Preference of Plants. Special
Bulletin 306, Michigan State College, East Lansing, MI.
UME © 2012
623