Review # 3
Matter
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What are the three states of matter?
1.
2.
3.
4.
solid, liquid, and gas
solid, liquid, and plasma
solid, glass, and compounds
compounds, elements, and gases
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ANSWER
Choice #1 provides the correct answer. The three physical states
of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.
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Which state of matter has a definite volume but no
specific shape?
1.
2.
3.
4.
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
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ANSWER
Choice #2 is the correct answer. Liquids have a definite volume
but takes the shape of its container.
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When a sample of mercury at room temperature and pressure is
heated and boiled to dryness it changes state from a
1.
2.
3.
4.
solid to a liquid
liquid to a gas
solid to a gas
gas to a liquid
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ANSWER
Choice #2 provides the correct description of the change in state.
At room temperature mercury is a liquid metal and when it boils,
it goes into the gaseous state.
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How many of the following are examples of physical properties?
Ethyl alcohol boiling at 78°C
Hardness of a diamond
Sugar fermenting to form ethyl alcohol
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
0
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ANSWER
Choice # 2 is the correct response. Ethyl alcohol boiling at 78°C
is a physical property. Boiling point is associated with a phase
change. It describes an inherent characteristic of alcohol.
Hardness of a diamond is a physical property. It describes an
inherent characteristic of diamond – hardness. Sugar fermenting
to form ethyl alcohol is a chemical property. It describes the
behavior of sugar – forming a new substance (ethyl alcohol)
through a chemical reaction.
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In order to break down water into its constituent elements, water
would have to undergo
1.
2.
3.
4.
distillation
fusion
chemical change
physical change
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ANSWER
Choice # 3 is the correct response. Water is a compound and must
undergo a chemical change (reaction) in order to form its
constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen.
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How many of the following are examples of a chemical change?
Pulverizing (crushing) rock salt
Burning of wood
Dissolving of sugar in water
Melting a popsicle on a warm summer day
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
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ANSWER
Choice # 1 is the correct answer. Burning of wood is a chemical
reaction. It reacts with oxygen to create carbon dioxide and
water.
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The electrolysis of water, where an electric current is passed
through water to form hydrogen and oxygen gases, is a
1. physical change because hydrogen and oxygen are what
compose water.
2. physical change because water is merely turning into a
gas.
3. chemical change because bubbles are observed.
4. chemical change because hydrogen and oxygen gases are
chemically different than water.
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ANSWER
Choice # 4 is the correct answer. New substances are being
created due to the chemical reaction.
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Which of the following processes is a chemical change?
1. Dry ice sublimes when left on the table in lab.
2. The light on a candle burns until a bell jar is placed over
it for a period of time.
3. When a few drops of red food coloring are added to a
beaker of hot water, the water immediately turns red.
4. Liquid nitrogen dumped onto the floor vaporizes at room
temperature.
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ANSWER
Choice # 2 is the correct answer. The candle burning is a
chemical reaction (the wick is reacting with oxygen to form
carbon dioxide and water). After the bell jar is placed over the lit
candle, the reaction stops when the oxygen inside the jar is all
used up.
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How many of the following are compounds?
N2O4, NaOH, MnO2, HF
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
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ANSWER
Choice # 4 is the correct answer. All of the substances are
compounds. Compounds always contain atoms of different
elements.
.
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A mixture has a __________ composition, whereas a compound
always has a _________ composition.
1.
2.
3.
4.
pure; complex
complex; pure
constant; variable
variable; constant
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ANSWER
Choice #4 is correct. For example, hydrogen and oxygen can be
mixed in any proportions, but water is always 88 % oxygen and
12 % hydrogen by mass.
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The brass in what might be a favorite candlestick is classified as
a(n)
1.
2.
3.
4.
pure substance
element
heterogeneous mixture
homogeneous mixture
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ANSWER
Choice #4 is the correct answer. Brass is a homogeneous mixture
of copper and zinc. It is not a pure substance because it can be
broken down into its constituent elements by physical means.
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Which of the following is a
homogeneous mixture?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gasoline
Pure water
Jar of jelly beans
Copper metal
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ANSWER
Choice #1 is a homogeneous mixture. Gasoline is a solution. A
jar of jelly beans is a heterogeneous mixture. Pure water is a pure
substance (a compound). Copper metal is also a pure substance
(an element). A mixture consists of two or more pure substances.
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Which of the following best describes the substance XeF4?
I.
Element
II.
Molecule
III.
Compound
IV.
Heterogeneous mixture
V.
Homogeneous mixture
1.
2.
3.
4.
III only
I, II, III, IV
II, III, V
II, III
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ANSWER
Choice #4 is the correct answer. A molecule consists of more
than one atom bonded together. A compound consists of different
elements. A mixture consists of at least two or more pure
substances.
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To separate a sand-saltwater mixture into pure substances one
would have to employ
1.
2.
3.
4.
electrolysis
filtration
distillation
filtration followed by distillation
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ANSWER
Choice #4 correctly supplies the procedure, as shown below.
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Pure substances consist of either
1.
2.
3.
4.
elements or compounds
elements or mixtures
elements or solutions
elements or energy
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ANSWER
Choice #1 is correct, as shown
in the figure here:
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If one were to remove all the pollutants, air would be
classified as a(n)
1.
2.
3.
4.
pure substance
compound
element
solution
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ANSWER
Choice #4 is the correct answer because even “pure air” is a
complex mixture of many gases, including nitrogen, oxygen,
argon, and others. Because it is a homogeneous mixture, it is a
solution.
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review #3
Please stop by during academy if you need help with any
of the questions presented in this review.
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indicate Review # 3 in your email.
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Mrs. Baldessari's email
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