Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries 1. Introduction Lithium batteries are considered as hazardous goods due to the fact that they can overheat and ignite under certain conditions. Significant changes have been made to the air transport regulations for this product type due to several serious (fire) incidents during air transport of lithium batteries. The new regulatory requirements will be applicable as of 1 January 2009. This document provides an overview of the regulatory authorities’ and TNT Express’ requirements for air transport of shipments containing lithium batteries. 2. Definitions, Classification & Identification The term “lithium battery” refers to a family of batteries with different chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes. They are separated into: LITHIUM ION BATTERIES (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries) Rechargeable batteries commonly used in consumer electronics. Also included within lithium-ion batteries are lithium polymer batteries. Generally used in consumer electronics such as laptops, mobile phones, MP3 players, portable DVD players, calculators, GPS/navigation systems, cameras, camcorders, diving lamps, etc. In the IATA DGR, Lithium Ion Batteries are classified/listed as follows: UN Number Proper Shipping Name UN3480 UN3481 UN3481 Lithium ion batteries Lithium ion batteries packed with equipment Lithium ion batteries contained in equipment Class Packing Group Packing Instruction 9 9 9 II II II 965 966 967 LITHIUM METAL BATTERIES Non-rechargeable/disposable batteries that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode. Also included within lithium metal batteries are lithium alloy batteries. Generally used in small, portable electronic devices, such as, watches, thermometers, calculators, remote car locks, backup batteries in computers and communication equipment, etc. In the IATA DGR, Lithium Metal Batteries are classified/listed as follows: UN Number Proper Shipping Name UN3090 UN3091 UN3091 Lithium metal batteries Lithium metal batteries packed with equipment Lithium metal batteries contained in equipment Class Packing Group Packing Instruction 9 9 9 II II II 968 969 970 3. Exceptions Due to local regulations, transport of UN3090 and 3091 is prohibited on passenger-carrying aircraft from, through and to the United States. The following airlines have filed restrictive operator variations: for UN3090 and 3091: Aeromexico (AM), British Airways (BA), Continental Airlines (CO), Continental Micronesia (CS), China Southern (CZ), Federal Express (FX), Mexicana Airlines (MX), Northwest Airlines (NW), SAS, Scandinavian Airline System (SK), Air Europa (UX) and Virgin Atlantic (VS). Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 1 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries 4. Transport of “Fully Regulated” Lithium Batteries Regulatory requirements Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with the requirements for Excepted Lithium Batteries as per Part 1 of the applicable Packing Instructions from the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are fully regulated. Consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. The shipper is responsible for declaring/documenting, packaging, labelling and marking Dangerous Goods shipments as per the applicable regulations. For details on the regulatory requirements for such shipments please consult the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. TNT requirements TNT Express will accept Lithium Batteries in Dangerous Goods shipments for transport but only from specifically approved customers and with restrictions for the different origins/destinations, and services/products offered. For details on shipping Lithium Batteries in Dangerous Goods shipments through TNT Express, please contact your local TNT Express Dangerous Goods Manager. 5. Transport of “Excepted” Lithium Batteries Shipments of lithium batteries that are compliant with the requirements specified in Part 1 of the relevant Packing Instructions from the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations can be transported as “Excepted” Lithium Batteries. The transport requirements for ‘Excepted’ Lithium Batteries depend on the type of battery and how it is offered for transport. There are 2 different types of batteries and 3 different ways of shipping each of the battery types. 5.1. Shipments containing rechargeable lithium ION or polymer batteries (or cells) Ref. # 5.1.1 Description Batteries contained in equipment, i.e. installed/integrated in the device 5.1.2 Batteries (that are not packed with or installed in equipment) 5.1.3 Batteries packed together with equipment but not attached to the device Example(s) MP3 player with integrated battery / Mobile phone with integrated battery Loose mobile phone batteries / laptop batteries Mobile phone + loose unattached battery Page # 3 of 9 4 of 9 5 of 9 5.2. Shipments containing non-rechargeable lithium METAL or alloy batteries (or cells) Ref. # 5.1.1 Description Batteries contained in equipment, i.e. installed/integrated in the device 5.1.2 Batteries (that are not packed with or installed in equipment) 5.1.3 Batteries packed together with equipment but not attached to the device Example(s) Watch with integrated battery / calculator with integrated battery Replacement batteries for watches or calculators Watch with loose battery (not installed in the watch) Page # 6 of 9 7 of 9 8 of 9 Note: Due to local regulations, transport of lithium metal batteries is prohibited on passenger-carrying aircraft from, through and to the United States. Some airlines do not accept lithium metal batteries for transport. Operator variations must be checked prior to uplift on commercial airlines. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 2 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3481, Lithium ION batteries contained in equipment, IATA DGR PI 967 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” rechargeable lithium ion or polymer batteries (or cells) installed/integrated in the device (5.1.1) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum Watt-hour rating: (i.e. capacity) Cells: 20 Wh Batteries: 100 Wh The Watt-hour (Wh) rating must be marked on the outside of the battery case except for batteries manufactured before 1 January 2009 which may be transported without this marking until 31 December 2010 Packaging: The equipment must be equipped with an effective means of preventing accidental activation. Cells and batteries must be protected so as to prevent short circuits. Unless the battery is afforded equivalent protection by the equipment in which it is contained, the equipment must be packed in strong outer packaging that is constructed of suitable material of adequate strength and design in relation to the packaging’s capacity and its intended use. Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium ion battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label: The label is not required for consignments of equipment that contains 4 cells or 2 batteries or less. Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied by a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium ion cells or batteries contained in equipment; • the number of lithium ion cells or batteries that are contained in the device. • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. Although this document is not a mandatory regulatory requirement for equipment that contains 4 cells or 2 batteries or less, this is a mandatory requirement within TNT Express for all ad hoc shipments of excepted lithium ion batteries contained in equipment. TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Ion Batteries Contained in Equipment (UN3481)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 3 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3480, Lithium ION batteries, IATA DGR PI 965 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” rechargeable lithium ion or polymer batteries that are not packed with or installed in a device (5.1.2) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum Watt-hour rating: (i.e. capacity) Cells: 20 Wh Batteries: 100 Wh The Watt-hour (Wh) rating must be marked on the outside of the battery case except for batteries manufactured before 1 January 2009 which may be transported without this marking until 31 December 2010 Packaging: Each cell or battery must be: • packed in inner packaging(s) that completely enclose the cell or battery. • protected so as to prevent short circuits (including protection against contact with conductive materials within the same packaging that could lead to a short circuit) Each package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 m drop test in any orientation without: • damage to cells or batteries contained therein • shifting of the contents so as to allow battery to battery (or cell to cell) contact • release of contents Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Maximum gross weight : 10.0 kg Gross per package Label: Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium ion battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied with a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium ion cells or batteries; • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Ion Batteries (UN3480)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. . Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 4 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3481, Lithium ION batteries packed with equipment, IATA DGR PI 966 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” rechargeable lithium ion or polymer batteries that are packed together with a device but not installed/ integrated in it. (5.1.3) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum Watt-hour rating: (i.e. capacity) Cells: 20 Wh Batteries: 100 Wh The Watt-hour (Wh) rating must be marked on the outside of the battery case except for batteries manufactured before 1 January 2009 which may be transported without this marking until 31 December 2010 Packaging: Each cell or battery must be: • packed in inner packaging(s) that completely enclose the cell or battery. • protected so as to prevent short circuits (including protection against contact with conductive materials within the same packaging that could lead to a short circuit) Each package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 m drop test in any orientation without: • damage to cells or batteries contained therein • shifting of the contents so as to allow battery to battery (or cell to cell) contact • release of contents Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Maximum per package: The minimum number of batteries required to power the equipment plus 2 spares Label: Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium ion battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied with a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium ion cells or batteries; • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Ion Batteries packed with equipment (UN3481)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 5 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3091, Lithium METAL batteries contained in equipment, IATA DGR PI 970 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” non-rechargeable lithium metal or alloy batteries (or cells) installed/integrated in the device (5.2.1) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum lithium content: Cells: 1 gram Batteries: 2 gram = aggregate lithium content Packaging: The equipment must be equipped with an effective means of preventing accidental activation. Cells and batteries must be protected so as to prevent short circuits. Unless the battery is afforded equivalent protection by the equipment in which it is contained, the equipment must be packed in strong outer packaging that is constructed of suitable material of adequate strength and design in relation to the packaging’s capacity and its intended use. Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium metal battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label: The label is not required for consignments of equipment that contains 4 cells or 2 batteries or less. Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied with a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium metal cells or batteries contained in equipment; • the number of lithium metal cells or batteries that are contained in the device. • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. Although this document is not a mandatory regulatory requirement for equipment that contains 4 cells or 2 batteries or less, this is a mandatory requirement within TNT Express (for all shipments of excepted lithium ion batteries contained in equipment). TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Metal Batteries Contained in Equipment (UN3091)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. Due to local regulations, air transport of UN3091 is restricted from, through and to the United States. Some airlines do not accept UN3091 for transport. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 6 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3090, Lithium METAL batteries, IATA DGR PI 968 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” non-rechargeable lithium metal or alloy batteries that are not packed with or installed in a device (5.2.2) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum lithium content: Cells: 1 gram Batteries: 2 gram = aggregate lithium content Packaging: Each cell or battery must be: • packed in inner packaging(s) that completely enclose the cell or battery. • protected so as to prevent short circuits (including protection against contact with conductive materials within the same packaging that could lead to a short circuit) Each package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 m drop test in any orientation without: • damage to cells or batteries contained therein • shifting of the contents so as to allow battery to battery (or cell to cell) contact • release of contents Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Maximum gross weight: 2.5 kg per package Label: Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium metal battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied with a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium metal cells or batteries; • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Metal Batteries (UN3090)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. Due to local regulations, air transport of UN3090 is restricted from, through and to the United States. Some airlines do not accept UN3090 for transport. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 7 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries UN3091, Lithium METAL batteries packed with equipment, IATA DGR PI 969 (part 1) i.e. “excepted” non-rechargeable lithium metal or alloy batteries that are packed together with a device (5.2.3) General: Any person preparing or offering cells or batteries for transport must receive adequate instruction on the relevant requirements commensurate with their responsibilities. (i.e. the shippers must know & understand the regulatory requirements) FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT Lithium batteries identified by the manufacturer; • as being defective for safety reasons • that have been damaged • that have the potential of producing a dangerous evolution of heat, fire or short circuit Each cell or battery must be of the type proven to meet the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3. (the manufacturer of the battery should be able to confirm whether this is the case) The outer packaging must be strong and must conform to IATA DGR 5.0.2.4, 5.0.2.6.1 and 5.2.12.1. Maximum lithium content: Cells: 1 gram Batteries: 2 gram = aggregate lithium content Packaging: Each cell or battery must be: • packed in inner packaging(s) that completely enclose the cell or battery. • protected so as to prevent short circuits (including protection against contact with conductive materials within the same packaging that could lead to a short circuit) Each package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 m drop test in any orientation without: • damage to cells or batteries contained therein • shifting of the contents so as to allow battery to battery (or cell to cell) contact • release of contents Acceptable outer packaging: boxes, drums, jerricans Maximum per package: The minimum number of batteries required to power the equipment plus 2 spares Label: Each package must be labelled with a completed lithium battery handling label. It must contain: • The statement “Lithium metal battery” • A telephone number where more information on the shipment and it’s content can be obtained Label specifications: Design: see example. The border of the label must have red diagonal hatchings. Text and symbols black on a white background. Minimum dimensions: 120 × 110 mm Documentation: Each consignment must be accompanied with a document indicating that: • the package contains lithium metal cells or batteries packed with equipment; • the package must be handled with care and that a flammability hazard exists if the package is damaged; • special procedures should be followed in the event the package is damaged, to include inspection and repacking if necessary; • a telephone number for additional information. TNT Express can provide a template transport document that is in line with these requirements. TNT Express consignment note requirements: Box (#) Instruction Collection Address (4) must contain the telephone number of the shipper Dangerous Goods (7) ‘Yes’ must be ticked Goods Description (10) must contain the statement: “Excepted Lithium Metal Batteries packed with equipment (UN3091)” Shipments containing lithium batteries that are not compliant with all requirements above cannot be shipped as “Excepted Lithium Batteries and consequently these shipments must be declared and shipped as ‘full’ Dangerous Goods. Due to local regulations, air transport of UN3091 is restricted from, through and to the United States. Some airlines do not accept UN3091 for transport. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 8 of 9 Dangerous Goods – Guidance Document Air Transport of Lithium Batteries 6. Lithium Batteries carried by passengers or crew Electronic devices containing lithium batteries (see point 2 of this document) and spare batteries may be carried by passengers or crew for personal use only and under the following conditions. Type of battery Capacity Installed/Spare Lithium Ion batteries > 100 Wh ≤ 160 Wh Checked baggage Carry-on baggage Precautions Permitted Permitted The equipment must be equipped with an effective means of preventing accidental activation. Installed in equipment Lithium Ion batteries > 100 Wh ≤ 160 Wh Prior approval of operator required Prohibited Permitted Spare batteries Lithium Ion cells or batteries or Lithium metal cells or batteries Individually protected to prevent short circuits* The equipment must be equipped with an effective means of preventing accidental activation. Permitted Permitted Installed in equipment Lithium Ion cells or batteries or Lithium metal cells or batteries Maximum 2 batteries Lithium Metal or Alloy batteries Æ max lithium content of = 2 g. Lithium Ion batteries Æ max 100 Wh Lithium Metal or Alloy batteries Æ max lithium content of = 2 g. Prohibited Permitted Spare batteries Lithium Ion batteries Æ max 100 Wh Individually protected to prevent short circuits* * Individual protection to prevent short circuits can be obtained as follows: Æ placing them in the original retail packaging or Æ insulating terminals (e.g. by taping over exposed terminals) or Æ placing each battery in a separate plastic bag or protective pouch For further information please consult the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations or contact your local TNT Express Dangerous Goods Manager. Created by: TNT Express Operations Excellence - Dangerous Goods Department Version: December 2008 (based on the 50th/2009 edition of the IATA DGR) Page 9 of 9
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