Table of Contents
A Variety of Maps.................................................................................. 4
Maps Show Landforms.......................................................................... 6
Maps Can Show Natural Resources....................................................... 8
A Precipitation Map............................................................................. 10
Climate Maps....................................................................................... 12
National Park Maps.............................................................................. 14
A County Map...................................................................................... 16
An Elevation Map................................................................................ 18
A Population Map................................................................................ 20
A Transit Map...................................................................................... 22
Using a Map Grid................................................................................. 24
Map Scale............................................................................................. 26
Hemispheres and the Equator.............................................................. 28
Time Zones.......................................................................................... 30
Your Own Park..................................................................................... 32
Review................................................................................................. 33
Using New Map Skills ........................................................................ 34
A Map of Midtown Manhattan............................................................ 36
Photo Maps Show Weather.................................................................. 38
A Relief Map of the Pacific Ocean Floor............................................. 40
Maps Tell History................................................................................. 42
A Topographical Map of the Appalachian Trail................................... 44
Driving Across the United States......................................................... 46
Latitude and Longitude, Parallels and Meridians................................ 48
Using a Map Grid................................................................................. 50
Know Your Country............................................................................. 52
World Time Zones................................................................................ 54
The “Sailor’s Map” – Mercator Projection.......................................... 56
Robinson Projection............................................................................. 58
A Polar Projection Map........................................................................ 60
An Interrupted Projection Map............................................................ 62
Review................................................................................................. 64
2,000,000 - 5,000, 000
500,000 - 750,000
1,000,000 - 2,000,000
200,000 - 500,000
N
W
E
CANADA
S
CANADA
Seattle
Boston
Minneapolis
Buffalo
Detroit
Chicago
Omaha
New York City
Cleveland
Philadelphia
Columbus
San Francisco
Washington, D.C.
Denver
St Louis
Los Angeles
San Diego
Atlanta
1
Dallas
New Orleans
Houston
Miami
MEXICO
A Yosemite
T L A N T I National
C
Park
OCEAN
2
Twin Lakes
PA C I F I C O C E A N
Wilmer Lakes
Tioga Pass Entrance
Glen Aulin
rest
winter;
PLR4 12
Continental United States
First Proof
Big Oak Flat Entrance
Yosemite
Valley
na
ar-round;
mer than
y climate;
swings
e rain than4
Yosemite Falls
Merced Lake
Nevada Fall
Illilouette Fall
Australia
1
5 miles
PLR4 07
National Park: Yosemite
Second Proof
3
Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoias
South Entrance
A Variety of Maps
This book includes a variety of maps. This lesson consists of four different types of maps.
Look at each one and answer the following questions.
_____ Which map shows you major cities in the United States?
_____ Which map shows you the public transportation system of a large city?
_____ Which map shows you what the climate is like in Australia?
_____ Which map shows a national park?
Vallejo
North Concord/Martinez
Pittsburg/
Bay Point
Concord
Richmond
El Cerrito del Norte
El Cerrito Plaza
Tiburon
North Berkeley
ridge
Bay B
Embarcadero
Montgomery St.
Powell St.
Civic Center
Walnut Creek
Downtown
Berkeley
Lafayette
Orinda
Ashby
Angel
Island
Golden
Gate
Bridge
Pleasant Hill
Oakland City
Center/
12th St.
Rockridge
MacArthur
19th St./Oakland
Lake Merritt
Fruitvale
4
Coliseum/
Oakland Airport
16th St. Mission
24th St. Mission
Glen Park
Balboa Park
San Leandro
Daly City
Colma
San Francisco Bay
Dublin/
Pleasanton
Castro Valley
Hayward
South Hayward
South San Francisco
San Bruno
Bay Fair
San Francisco
International Airport (SFO)
Union City
Millbrae
Key
Fremont
5
Maps Show Landforms
The Earth’s surface can be divided into four main landforms: mountains, plateaus, hills, and
plains.
Mountains are large masses of land rising to a high peak. Some mountains stand alone. Others,
like the Andes in South America, are part of a range.
Hills are not as high or as rugged-looking as mountains. The tops of hills are usually rounded.
Hill regions and mountain regions together make up what are often called highlands.
Plateaus are landforms that rise sharply above the land on at least one side. They are usually
level or flat on top. A plateau can be less than a mile wide, or it may cover hundreds of square
miles.
Plains are broad, level landforms. They are seldom completely flat, but they do not have hills.
1. Look at the landform diagram and complete these sentences.
_____________________ rise the highest above sea level.
_____________________ have gentle slopes.
_____________________ have the smoothest surface.
_____________________ are flat land with at least one steep slope.
2. Study the diagram of the four main kinds of landforms. Then study the map key. Draw lines from
each picture to an example of that landform on the map of South America.
3. Here are the names of some important parts of the South American continent. Use each name on
the list as a label on the map.
coastal plains
Andes Mountain Range
Brazilian Highlands
Amazon River Basin
4. The Andes Mountains form a backbone for South America. Name the seven countries this range,
or backbone, runs through.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5. South America has sometimes been called a “hollow” continent because of its landforms. Fill in
the blanks as you help explain why.
____________________ and hills are found on both coasts of South America.
____________________ are the landforms least found on the continent.
The central area of the continent contains the largest single landform— __________________.
6
South America
Venezuela
Guyana
Suriname
French Guiana
Colombia
Ecuador
er
Riv
n
o
z
a
Am
Brazil
Peru
Bolivia
Chile
Paraguay
Uruguay
Argentina
Key
Mountains
Landform Diagram
Plateaus
Hills
Plains
PLR4 01
South America
Second Proof
7
Mining
coal
Washington
lead
Mg
magnesite
O
olivine
S
sand and gravel
S
stone
U
uranium ore
Zn
zinc
Manufacturing
C cement
O
U
Pb
U
Mg
S
S
Zn
S
Seattle
C
Tacoma
Ya k i ma
Pb
Zn
S
Ri
iver
S nake R
ve r
C
R
Columbia
chemicals
fabricated metals
machinery
lumber
primary metals
iver
printed and
published materials
processed foods
pulp and paper
transportation
equipment
PLR4 02
Natural Resources
First Proof
Maps Can Show Natural Resources
Raw materials are found in every state in the United States. These materials are resources for
people to use in many ways. Sometimes natural resources can be used in their raw form. At other
times these raw materials are used in the manufacturing of products. Mined raw materials are
among a state’s most valuable resources.
These maps show where mining and manufacturing occur in Washington and Texas. These
states trade important resources in the form of materials and manufactured goods. Some states, like
Texas and Washington, trade even though they are many miles apart. An important part of reading
these two maps is understanding how mining and manufacturing are related.
1. Look at the maps. Put T before those answers that are true and F before those answers that are
false.
_____ Products mined in both states include coal, stone, and salt.
_____ Pulp and paper, cement, and processed foods are manufactured in both states.
_____ Natural gas and petroleum are important natural resources from Texas.
_____ Uranium ore and zinc are mined in Texas.
_____ Much of the manufacturing in Washington is done near the Seattle-Tacoma area.
8
Texas
Mining
Mg
clay
magnesium
chloride
natural gas
S sand and gravel
S
stone
S sulfur
C
petroleum
S
salt
C
Manufacturing
apparel
C
C
S
S
cement
S
S
chemicals
lumber and
wood products
S
San Antonio
S
Mg
machinery
metal products
printed and
published materials
petroleum
products
processed
foods
S
pulp
and paper
steel
textiles
transportation
equipment
PLR4 03
Natural
Resources
2. Both
Texas
and Washington produce lumber, pulp and paper, and printed material.
First Proof
Which state has more lumber?
Texas
Which state has more pulp and paper mills?
Washington
Texas
How many printing plants are there in each state?
Washington
4
1
2
3. Study both maps and think about the possible trading between these two states. People in
Washington need heat for their homes and factories. Name two products from Texas that could
be shipped to them.
____________________________________________________ People in Texas need a
valuable ore to run an atomic reactor. Name the ore. ______________________ The people in
Washington grow apples, and the people in Texas grow tomatoes. Using the key, find the words
that tell how these foods would be exchanged. _______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
9