MOZAMBIQUE
• Location:
southeastern Africa - bordered by the Indian
Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi
and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the
west and Swaziland and South Africa to the
southwest
• Mozambique (Moçambique) was named after
Muça Alebique, a sultan.
• Lower life expectancy because of the effects of
excess mortality due to AIDS
Mozambique
• Divided into ten provincias and one capital city
(cidade) with provincial status.
• Provinces subdivided into 129 distritos
• Districts further divided in "Postos
Administrativos" (Administrative Posts)
• Lowest geographical level of central state
administration: Localidades (Localities).
• Since 1998, 33 "Municípios" (Municipalities)
have been created in Mozambique.
Facts
History
Demographics
Economy
Presentation: 06.12.2007
Mozambique
No. 2
Mozambique
Capital
Maputo
Government
Republic
Official language
Portuguese
President
Armando Guebuza
Prime Minister
Luísa Diogo
Independence from
Portugal
June 25, 1975
Total area
801,590 km²
Population
21,397,000
Internet TLD
.mz
Currency
Mozambican metical
Presentation: 06.12.2007
Presentation: 06.12.2007
No. 5
Provinces and districts
1. Facts
Mozambique
No. 4
Administration
Introduction
1.
2.
3.
4.
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No. 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Cabo Delgado
Gaza
Inhambane
Manica
Maputo (city)
Maputo
Nampula
Niassa
Sofala
Tete
Zambezia
Mozambique
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No. 6
1
Struggle for independence
Politics
• Multi-party democracy
• Constitution: 1990
• Executive branch comprises a president,
Prime Minister, and Council of Ministers
• National Assembly and municipal assemblies
• Judiciary comprises a Supreme Court and
provincial, district, and municipal courts
• Suffrage is universal at eighteen
Mozambique
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No. 7
Foreign relations
Mozambique
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No. 10
Consequences
Close relations:
• Scandinavians countries
• Italy (key role in the peace process)
• Portugal
Memberships:
• 1984: Mozambique joined the
World Bank and IMF
• Moderate member of the African Bloc in the United Nations
• Non-Aligned Movement
• African Union
• Southern African Development Community
• Community of Portuguese Language Countries
•
• 1962: Calls for Mozambican independence
• Several anti-colonial political groups formed the Front
for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO)
• September 1964: Armed campaign against
Portuguese colonial rule
• 1969: Controlling one-third of the area of Mozambique
by, mostly in the northern and central provinces
• 1974: Socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal
overthrew the dictatorship
• Portugal affirmed intention to grant independence to
remaining colonies
• June 25, 1975: Independence
• FRELIMO established a one-party state
• Allied to the Soviet bloc
• Elimination of religious schools and the
role of tribal chiefs
Commonwealth of Nations
Mozambique
Presentation: 06.12.2007
No. 8
Mozambique
2. History
• Struggle for Independence (1962 – 1975)
• Civil war until 1992
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No. 11
Civil War
• Original Population: Bantu
• Explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498
• Colonized by Portugal in 1505
Mozambique
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No. 9
Positions:
• Government gave shelter and support to South African
and Zimbabwean liberation movements
• Governments of Rhodesia and South Africa fostered an
armed rebel movement in central Mozambique called the
Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO)
Background:
• Economic collapse
• Mass exodus of Portuguese nationals and Mozambicans
of Portuguese heritage
• Weak infrastructure
• Government nationalization of privately owned industries
Mozambique
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No. 12
2
4. Economy
• Successor of president Samora Machel,
Joaquim Chissano, continued the reforms
• Peace talks with RENAMO
• New constitution enacted in 1990
• Multi-party political system
• market-based economy
• Free elections
Mozambique
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No. 13
• Civil war ended in October 1992
• Rome General Peace Accords
• Brokered by the Community of
Sant´Egidio
• Supervision of the ONUMOZ
peacekeeping force of the UN
• 1,7 million Refugees
• Estimated 4 million internally
displaced persons
Mozambique
Presentation: 06.12.2007
•
•
Economic reforms (Introduction of New Metical)
Rebounding growth
(resettlement of war refugees and successful
economic reform have led to a high growth rate)
Inflation
Improving trade imbalance
•
•
–
–
–
–
Imports remain almost 40% greater than exports,
MOZAL, a large aluminum smelter that commenced
production in mid-2000, has greatly expanded the nation's
trade volume.
Traditional Mozambican exports include cashews, shrimp,
fish, copra, sugar, cotton, tea, and citrus fruits.
Mozambique is less dependent on imports for basic food
and manufactured goods because of steady increases in
local production.
Mozambique
Presentation: 06.12.2007
No. 16
Thank´s for your attention
Presented by
Michael Frohnapfel and
Johannes Ott
No. 14
3. Demographics
• Groups:
(Macua, Sena, Shoa, Shangaan, Makonde, Yao, Swahili,
Tonga, Chopi, Nguni)
• Population:
Bantu - 99,66 %
• Official and most widely spoken language: Portuguese
• Bantus speak several of their different languages
• Indigenous culture based on small-scale agriculture
• Art forms: wood sculpture
Mozambique
Presentation: 06.12.2007
No. 15
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