Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers Student Outcomes ο§ Students recognize that the rules for multiplying and dividing integers apply to rational numbers. ο§ Students interpret products and quotients of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts. Classwork Fluency Exercise (6 minutes): Integer Multiplication Photocopy the attached 2-page fluency-building exercises so that each student receives a copy. Before beginning, tell students that they may not skip over questions and that they must move in order. Allow students one minute to complete Side A. After one minute, discuss the answers. Before beginning Side B, elicit strategies from those students who were able to accurately complete the most problems on Side A. Administer Side B in the same fashion, and review the answers. Refer to the Sprints and Sprint Delivery Script sections in the Module Overview for directions to administer a Sprint. Exercise 1 (6 minutes) Students work for two minutes with learning partners or a group to create a word problem involving integer multiplication. Students may use white boards or a half sheet of MP.2 paper to record the word problem. Every group member should record the word problem and its answer in his student materials. For the next three minutes, groups switch work (white boards or half sheets) and solve the word problem they receive. Students verify that the problem can be solved using multiplication of integers. Once students solve their problem, they check back with the group who created it to make sure they are in agreement on the answer. Scaffolding: For students who are not yet fluent with integer multiplication, provide cards with the rules for integer multiplication. For the remaining two minutes, students take their original word problem and modify it in their student materials by replacing an integer with another signed number that is either a fraction or decimal. Students rework the problem and arrive at the answer to the new problem, recording their work in their student materials. Exercise 1 a. In the space below, create a word problem that involves integer multiplication. Write an equation to model the situation. Answers will vary. Both times we went to the fair, I borrowed $π from my older brother. β$π × π = β$π b. Now change the word problem by replacing the integers with non-integer rational numbers (fractions or decimals), and write the new equation. Answers will vary. Both times we went to the fair, I borrowed $π. ππ from my older brother. β$π. ππ × π = β$π. ππ Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 159 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM c. 7β’2 Was the process used to solve the second problem different from the process used to solve the first? Explain. No, the process was the same. Both times I had a positive number multiplied by a negative number, so the product is a negative number. The process, multiplication, is represented as repeated addition: β$π. ππ + (β$π. ππ) = β$π. ππ. ο§ Was the process for solving the second problem different from the process you used to solve the problem when it contained only integers? οΊ No Students record the rules in Exercise 1, part (d) of their student materials. d. The Rules for Multiplying Rational Numbers are the same as the Rules for Multiplying Integers: 1. Multiply the absolute values of the two rational numbers. 2. If the two numbers (factors) have the same sign, their product is positive. 3. If the two numbers (factors) have opposite signs, their product is negative. Exercise 2 (5 minutes) Students work independently to answer the following question in their student materials. They write an equation involving rational numbers and show all computational work. Students discuss their long division work with their learning partners until they agree on the answer. Exercise 2 a. In one year, Melindaβs parents spend $π, πππ. ππ on cable and internet service. If they spend the same amount each month, what is the resulting monthly change in the familyβs income? βπ, πππ. ππ ÷ ππ = βπππ. ππ The average monthly change to their income is about β$πππ. ππ. ο§ Are the rules for dividing rational numbers the same as the rules for dividing integers? οΊ Yes Students record the rules in Exercise 2, part (b) of their student materials. b. The Rules for Dividing Rational Numbers are the same as the Rules for Dividing Integers: 1. Divide the absolute values of the two rational numbers. 2. If the two numbers (dividend and divisor) have the same sign, their quotient is positive. 3. If the two numbers (dividend and divisor) have opposite signs, their quotient is negative. Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 160 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Exercise 3 (20 minutes) Exercise 3 Use the fundraiser chart to help answer the questions that follow. Grimes Middle School Flower Fundraiser Customer Plant Type Number of Plants Price per Plant Total Paid? Yes or No Tamara Jones tulip π $π. ππ $π. ππ No Mrs. Wolff daisy π $π. ππ $ π. ππ Yes Mr. Clark geranium π $π. ππ $ππ. ππ Yes Susie (Jeremyβs sister) violet π $π. ππ $ π. ππ Yes Nana and Pop (Jeremyβs grandparents) daisy π $π. ππ $ππ. ππ No Jeremy is selling plants for the schoolβs fundraiser, and listed above is a chart from his fundraiser order form. Use the information in the chart to answer the following questions. Show your work, and represent the answer as a rational number; then, explain your answer in the context of the situation. a. If Tamara Jones writes a check to pay for the plants, what is the resulting change in her checking account balance? βπ. ππ × π = βπ. ππ Numerical Answer: βπ. ππ Explanation: Tamara Jones will need to deduct $π. ππ from her checking account balance. b. Mr. Clark wants to pay for his order with a $ππ bill, but Jeremy does not have change. Jeremy tells Mr. Clark he will give him the change later. How will this affect the total amount of money Jeremy collects? Explain. What rational number represents the change that must be made to the money Jeremy collects? π. ππ × π = ππ. ππ ππ. ππ β ππ. ππ = π. ππ Numerical Answer: βπ. ππ Explanation: Jeremy collects too much money. He owes Mr. Clark $π. ππ. The adjustment Jeremy needs to make is β$π. ππ. c. Jeremyβs sister, Susie, borrowed the money from their mom to pay for her order. Their mother has agreed to deduct an equal amount of money from Susieβs allowance each week for the next five weeks to repay the loan. What is the weekly change in Susieβs allowance? βπ. ππ ÷ π = β π. ππ Numerical Answer: βπ. ππ Explanation: Susie will lose $π. ππ of her allowance each week. d. Jeremyβs grandparents want to change their order. They want to order three daisies and one geranium, instead of four daisies. How does this change affect the amount of their order? Explain how you arrived at your answer. Original Order: π. ππ × π = ππ. ππ New Order: π. ππ × π + π. ππ = ππ. ππ + π. ππ = ππ. ππ ππ. ππ β ππ. ππ = π. ππ Numerical Answer: π. ππ Explanation: Jeremyβs grandparents will get back $π. ππ since the change in their order made it cheaper. I got my answer by first calculating the cost of the original order. Second, I calculated the cost of the new order. Finally, I subtracted the two order totals to determine the difference in cost. Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 161 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM e. 7β’2 Jeremy approaches three people who do not want to buy any plants; however, they wish to donate some money for the fundraiser when Jeremy delivers the plants one week later. If the people promise to donate a total of $ππ. ππ, what will be the average cash donation? ππ. ππ ÷ π = π. ππ Numerical Answer: π. ππ Explanation: The average cash donation will be $π. ππ per person. f. Jeremy spends one week collecting orders. If ππ people purchase plants totaling $πππ, what is the average amount of Jeremyβs sale? πππ ÷ ππ β ππ. πππ Numerical Answer: ππ. ππ Explanation: The average sale is about $ππ. ππ. Closing (2 minutes) ο§ MP.7 When answering word problems today about the Grimes Middle School Flower Fundraiser, how did you know whether to multiply or divide? οΊ ο§ How did you know whether to express your answer as a positive or negative number? οΊ ο§ Answers will vary. Answers will vary. Encourage students to refer back to the rules of multiplication and division of rational numbers. In general, how does the context of a word problem indicate whether you should multiply or divide rational numbers and how your answer will be stated? οΊ When reading word problems, we can look for key words that indicate multiplication or division. There are also key words that tell us if a value is positive or negative. Lesson Summary The rules that apply for multiplying and dividing integers apply to rational numbers. We can use the products and quotients of rational numbers to describe real-world situations. Exit Ticket (6 minutes) Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 162 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM Name 7β’2 Date Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers Exit Ticket Harrison made up a game for his math project. It is similar to the Integer Game; however, in addition to integers, there are cards that contain other rational numbers such as β0.5 and β0.25. Write a multiplication or division equation to represent each problem below. Show all related work. 1. Harrison discards three β0.25 cards from his hand. How does this affect the overall point value of his hand? Write an equation to model this situation. 2. Ezra and Benji are playing the game with Harrison. After Ezra doubles his handβs value, he has a total of β14.5 points. What was his handβs value before he doubled it? 3. Benji has four β0.5 cards. What is his total score? Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 163 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Exit Ticket Sample Solutions Harrison made up a game for his math project. It is similar to the Integer Game; however, in addition to integers, there are cards that contain other rational numbers such as βπ. π and βπ. ππ. Write a multiplication or division equation to represent each problem below. Show all related work. 1. Harrison discards three βπ. ππ cards from his hand. How does this affect the overall point value of his hand? Write an equation to model this situation. βπ (βπ. ππ) = π. ππ The point value of Harrisonβs hand will increase by π. ππ points. 2. Ezra and Benji are playing the game with Harrison. After Ezra doubles his handβs value, he has a total of βππ. π points. What was his handβs value before he doubled it? βππ. π ÷ π = βπ. ππ Before Ezra doubled his hand, his hand had a point value of βπ. ππ. 3. Benji has four βπ. π cards. What is his total score? π × (βπ. π) = βπ. π Benjiβs total score is βπ. π points. Problem Set Sample Solutions 1. At lunch time, Benjamin often borrows money from his friends to buy snacks in the school cafeteria. Benjamin borrowed $π. ππ from his friend Clyde five days last week to buy ice cream bars. Represent the amount Benjamin borrowed as the product of two rational numbers; then, determine how much Benjamin owed his friend last week. π (βπ. ππ) = βπ. ππ Benjamin owed Clyde $π. ππ. 2. Monica regularly records her favorite television show. Each episode of the show requires π. π% of the total capacity of her video recorder. Her recorder currently has ππ% of its total memory free. If Monica records all five episodes this week, how much space will be left on her video recorder? ππ + π(βπ. π) = ππ + (βππ. π) = ππ. π Monicaβs recorder will have ππ. π% of its total memory free. For Problems 3β5, find at least two possible sets of values that will work for each problem. 3. Fill in the blanks with two rational numbers (other than π and βπ). ____ × (β ππ) × ____ = βππ What must be true about the relationship between the two numbers you chose? Answers may vary. Two possible solutions are ππ and π or βππ and βπ. The two numbers must be factors of ππ, and they must both have the same sign. Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 164 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 4. Fill in the blanks with two rational numbers (other than π and βπ). 7β’2 βπ. π × πππ ÷ ππ × ____ × ____ = πππ What must be true about the relationship between the two numbers you chose? Answers may vary. Two possible solutions are βππ and π or ππ and βπ. The two numbers must be factors of βπππ, and they must have opposite signs. 5. Fill in the blanks with two rational numbers. ____ × ____ = βπ. ππ What must be true about the relationship between the two numbers you chose? Answers may vary. Two possible solutions are βπ and π. ππ or π. π and βπ. π. The two numbers must be factors of βπ. ππ, and they must have opposite signs. For Problems 6β8, create word problems that can be represented by each expression, and then represent each product or quotient as a single rational number. 6. π × (βπ. ππ) Answers may vary. Example: Stacey borrowed a quarter from her mother every time she went to the grocery store so that she could buy a gumball from the gumball machine. Over the summer, Stacey went to the grocery store with her mom eight times. What rational number represents the dollar amount change in her motherβs money due to the purchase of gumballs? Answer: βπ 7. π π βπ ÷ (π ) Answers may vary. Example: There was a loss of $π on my investment over one-and-a-third months. Based on this, what was the investmentβs average dollar amount change per month? Answer: βπ. ππ 8. π π β × ππ Answers may vary. Example: I discarded exactly half of my card-point total in the Integer Game. If my card-point total was ππ before I discarded, which rational number represents the change to my handβs total card-point total? Answer: βπ Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 165 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Number Correct: ______ Integer MultiplicationβRound 1 Directions: Determine the product of the integers, and write it in the column to the right. 1. β2 β β8 23. β14 β β12 2. β4 β 3 24. 15 β β13 3. 5 β β7 25. 16 β β18 4. 1 β β1 26. 24 β β17 5. β6 β 9 27. β32 β β21 6. β2 β β7 28. 19 β β27 7. 8 β β3 29. β39 β 10 8. 0 β β9 30. 43 β 22 9. 12 β β5 31. 11 β β33 10. β4 β 2 32. β29 β β45 11. β1 β β6 33. 37 β β44 12. 10 β β4 34. β87 β β100 13. 14 β β3 35. 92 β β232 14. β5 β β13 36. 456 β 87 15. β16 β β8 37. β143 β 76 16. 18 β β2 38. 439 β β871 17. β15 β 7 39. β286 β β412 18. β19 β 1 40. β971 β 342 19. 12 β 12 41. β773 β β407 20. 9 β β17 42. β820 β 638 21. β8 β β14 43. 591 β β734 22. β7 β 13 44. 491 β β197 Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 166 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Integer MultiplicationβRound 1 [KEY] Directions: Determine the product of the integers, and write it in the column to the right. 1. β2 β β8 ππ 23. β14 β β12 2. β4 β 3 βππ 24. 15 β β13 βπππ 3. 5 β β7 βππ 25. 16 β β18 βπππ 4. 1 β β1 βπ 26. 24 β β17 βπππ 5. β6 β 9 βππ 27. β32 β β21 6. β2 β β7 ππ 28. 19 β β27 βπππ 7. 8 β β3 βππ 29. β39 β 10 βπππ 8. 0 β β9 π 30. 43 β 22 9. 12 β β5 βππ 31. 11 β β33 βπππ 10. β4 β 2 βπ 32. β29 β β45 π, πππ 11. β1 β β6 π 33. 37 β β44 12. 10 β β4 βππ 34. β87 β β100 13. 14 β β3 βππ 35. 92 β β232 14. β5 β β13 ππ 36. 456 β 87 15. β16 β β8 πππ 37. β143 β 76 βππ, πππ 16. 18 β β2 βππ 38. 439 β β871 βπππ, πππ 17. β15 β 7 βπππ 39. β286 β β412 18. β19 β 1 βππ 40. β971 β 342 19. 12 β 12 πππ 41. β773 β β407 20. 9 β β17 βπππ 42. β820 β 638 βπππ, πππ 21. β8 β β14 πππ 43. 591 β β734 βπππ, πππ 22. β7 β 13 βππ 44. 491 β β197 βππ, πππ Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 πππ πππ πππ βπ, πππ π, πππ βππ, πππ ππ, πππ πππ, πππ βπππ, πππ πππ, πππ 167 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Number Correct: ______ Improvement: ______ Integer MultiplicationβRound 2 Directions: Determine the product of the integers, and write it in the column to the right. 1. β9 β β7 23. β22 β 14 2. 0 β β4 24. β18 β β32 3. 3 β β5 25. β24 β 19 4. 6 β β8 26. 47 β 21 5. β2 β 1 27. 17 β β39 6. β6 β 5 28. β16 β β28 7. β10 β β12 29. β67 β β81 8. 11 β β4 30. β36 β 44 9. 3β 8 31. β50 β 23 10. 12 β β7 32. 66 β β71 11. β1 β 8 33. 82 β β29 12. 5 β β10 34. β32 β 231 13. 3 β β13 35. 89 β β744 14. 15 β β8 36. 623 β β22 15. β9 β 14 37. β870 β β46 16. β17 β 5 38. 179 β 329 17. 16 β 2 39. β956 β 723 18. 19 β β7 40. 874 β β333 19. β6 β 13 41. 908 β β471 20. 1 β β18 42. β661 β β403 21. β14 β β3 43. β520 β β614 22. β10 β β17 44. β309 β 911 Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 168 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Lesson 15 NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 7β’2 Integer MultiplicationβRound 2 [KEY] Directions: Determine the product of the integers, and write it in the column to the right. 1. β9 β β7 ππ 23. β22 β 14 2. 0 β β4 π 24. β18 β β32 3. 3 β β5 βππ 25. β24 β 19 4. 6 β β8 βππ 26. 47 β 21 5. β2 β 1 βπ 27. 17 β β39 6. β6 β 5 βππ 28. β16 β β28 πππ 7. β10 β β12 πππ 29. β67 β β81 π, πππ 8. 11 β β4 βππ 30. β36 β 44 βπ, πππ 9. 3β 8 ππ 31. β50 β 23 βπ, πππ 10. 12 β β7 βππ 32. 66 β β71 βπ, πππ 11. β1 β 8 βπ 33. 82 β β29 βπ, πππ 12. 5 β β10 βππ 34. β32 β 231 βπ, πππ 13. 3 β β13 βππ 35. 89 β β744 ππ, πππ 14. 15 β β8 βπππ 36. 623 β β22 βππ, πππ 15. β9 β 14 βπππ 37. β870 β β46 ππ, πππ 16. β17 β 5 βππ 38. 179 β 329 ππ, πππ 17. 16 β 2 ππ 39. β956 β 723 βπππ, πππ 18. 19 β β7 βπππ 40. 874 β β333 βπππ, πππ 19. β6 β 13 βππ 41. 908 β β471 βπππ, πππ 20. 1 β β18 βππ 42. β661 β β403 πππ, πππ 21. β14 β β3 ππ 43. β520 β β614 πππ, πππ 22. β10 β β17 πππ 44. β309 β 911 Lesson 15: Multiplication and Division of Rational Numbers This work is derived from Eureka Math β’ and licensed by Great Minds. ©2015 Great Minds. eureka-math.org This file derived from G7-M2-TE-1.3.0-08.2015 βπππ πππ βπππ πππ βπππ βπππ, πππ 169 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
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