September 1, 1863
SEPTEMBER 1863
September 1, 1863 - Confederate spy's report on Federal strength in Memphis
TWELVE MILES SOUTHEAST OF MEMPHIS, Shelby County, Tenn., September 1, 1863.
Col. McCULLOCH:
SIR: I visited Memphis yesterday and spent five hours in the city. I availed
myself of the opportunity offered and gained information through a good
secesh who had taken the oath. There are only about 3,000 troops in the city
and only a battalion of cavalry, they having sent all their available force to
Arkansas, except a garrison. The place is unfortified in two directions, and can
be approached on the State line road with a few cavalry, and a small force sent
up toward LaGrange and Germantown to draw their forces out, and those coming in this direction can do so at night without their knowing it, and as there are
large supplies there and boats arriving from above every hour, you can destroy
so effectually that it will compel them to fall back from Arkansas.
I saw two boat-loads commissary stores going down yesterday, and, as you
know, to prevent desertion, the troops must have clothing and boots, and I am
certain there is enough to equip 50,000 men. There are no breast-works. Come
on the State-line road and 1,000 cavalry can take it now by surprising it at daylight, and if you should come you could send some one in a day or two ahead,
and keep the others engaged at Germantown to prevent their coming before
you had effectually destroyed all.
Such a thing would give new energy to the whole army. The streets are full of
deserters. I saw a Yankee officer bring one in the barber's shop and pay his bill
for a shave and hair-cut, and when once they get in there they can't get out. I
shall go up the line and see what force is at LaGrange and Germantown.
I send you some Northern papers I purchased yesterday in the city. I was afraid
to get any more for fear of arousing suspicion. I inclose you a letterNOTE 1 from
Mr. Jamieson, a wealthy secesh. I don't know the contents, but think it is about
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robbers who claim to be of your regiment, though I don't think they do. If you
consider this worthy of your attention and Gen. Lee will send the cavalry, you
can do the cause a great deal of good. The people are better secesh now than
any of Mississippi.
Respectfully submitted.
J. A. HARRAL.
[First indorsement.]
MORTON, MISS., September 11, 1863.
Respectfully referred to Maj.-Gen. Lee, who will immediately report whether
in his opinion an attack on Memphis can be made by a considerable portion of
his cavalry, without danger to our lines, and if so his views respecting the mode
in which that attack should be made.
W. J. HARDEE, Lieut.-Gen.
[Second indorsement.]
HDQRS. CAVALRY IN MISSISSIPPI,
Canton, September 17, 1863.
Respectfully returned.
I do not consider an attack feasible at this time. The cavalry in North Mississippi is not in good trim and is badly armed, nor do I know enough of the correspondent to know if his statements are reliable. Will have the matter looked
into and make a further report.
S. D. LEE, Maj.-Gen.
A more recent report gives force 1, 500 effective; 1, 500 convalescents and
artillery for duty.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, pp. 581-582.
NOTE 1: Not found.
September 1, 1863 - Report on provisions for Union army before Chattanooga
TRACY CITY, September 1, 1863.
R. S. THOMAS, Aide-de-Camp:
There is in commissary department in this post for issue 135 barrels mess pork,
70,000 pounds hard bread, 2, 400 pounds Rio coffee, 90 pounds tea, 2, 200
pounds sugar, 240 gallons vinegar, 320 pounds candles, 1, 320 pounds soap, 60
bushels salt, 160 pounds mixed vegetables. No forage.
C. H. Carlton, Col. Eighty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry.
TRACY CITY, September 1, 1863.
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R. S. THOMAS, Aide-de-Camp:
Thirty-five thousand rations on hand for issue. Railroad train with 750 sacks of
corn. No other quartermaster's stores here.
C. H. Carlton, Col. Eighty-ninth Ohio.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 284-285.
September 1, 1863 - Rumors of war in the White County Cherry Creek community, a day in
the life of Amanda McDowell
I have ended another tiresome day. Hear that the Yankees were at Sparta. Then
heard that they were gone. Heard also that it is Purt's brother who is Capt. of
the Bushwhackers. Heard that Bragg was going to fall back to Virginia. Wonder what I will hear next?
Diary of Amanda McDowell.
September 1, 1863 - "Nashville Correspondence."
Election of Rebel Congressmen
The People Returning to Loyalty
Narrow escape of General Rosecrans
Nashville, Aug. 26, 1863
Editor Bulletin:
The rebel "election" for members to represent (misrepresent would be a better
word) this state in the Confederate Congress is over, and John H. Savage is
declared chosen from the Nashville District, and Wm. N. Cocke, from the
Knoxville District. They were both stump candidates, in opposition to the regular nominees of the State Convention—the former running against H. S. Foote
and the latter against Wm. G. Swan—and their election is regarded as a rebuke
to the Jeff. Davis dynasty. Thus poor Jeff. gets it on all sides. Even the deluded
men from Tennessee who still cling to the Confederacy dislike him, and take
every occasion to show it.
R. R. Butler, Esq., of Johnson county, in this State, arrived here two or three
days ago, having run the rebel pickets. Mr. Butler was, we understand, elected
a member of the Legislature on the first Thursday in this month, and has his
certificate of election with him; but he has seen enough of the Confederacy,
and thinks it better to be a doorkeeper in the house of the Lord than a dweller in
the dens of iniquity. He has taken the oath of allegiance and we doubt not, will
henceforth demean himself as a good citizen.
Another noted instance of sin turned to righteousness, is exhibited by the following care of Mr. C. H. Mullen, formerly a prominent rebel, which appeared
in the Press of this city a few days since:
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September 1, 1863
Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 22 [1863]
To the Editor of the Press: Permit me to state through your columns for the
benefit of a few citizens of Nashville, who still cling to the dismal hope of
establishing of a Southern Confederacy, and who, with delirious fancy, discourse wildly upon its success and who impetuously frown, and in muttering
whispers hurl fearful anathemas on my "devoted head" for abandoning their
sacred cause, and, once more impaling myself within the strong environs of the
old Union—that "experience maketh wise."
I would further state to the masked friends of the Union, who chose to shield
themselves beneath the protecting mantle of the oath, that I had the honesty to
act in accordance with my conscientious views, by going South at the time they
thus securely shielded themselves, and if they are really so zealous in the cause
for which they secretly profess such friendship, that time yet remains to put on
their armor, whet their Damascus blades, and lend their giant strength to that
tottering cause whose success depends, no doubt, upon their strong arms alone.
And I can assure those who are thus anchored neath the genial rays of the old
Union, and enjoying its blessings preferring to steer clear of the deprivations
and hardships incident to the South, lending only their miasmatic influence,
that they are equally obnoxious to both South and North.
Having traveled through the most of the so-called Southern Confederacy, visiting Richmond, Charleston, Atlanta, August, and other places of lesser notoriety, and inspecting the slender basis upon which was projected the idea of
creating a government peculiarly Southern, from the contemplated ruins of
once happy and prosperous nation. I doff my casque to Uncle Sam, for thus
kindly permitting a "prodigal son' to return to his allegiance.
I have no desire to exaggerate. I have no desire to lift the veil behind which so
much misery and wretchedness lies hidden—homes made desolate, fortunes
blasted-peace and happiness gone forever-and all sacrificed on the altar of passion and false ambition. Those who have viewed the rain and devastation in
that land, where once happiness and prosperity reigned, but now bathed in the
sacred tears of thousands of orphans and widows, can but drop a bitter tear of
regret for a people so misguided and yet to infatuated.
I may once again launch my frail bark on the troubled waters, but will steer for
the haven of peace. What feeble ability I possess I desire to give to that cause
whose aim is our final peace and prosperity, and with a firm and abiding faith
in the good cause of the Union, and believing that the majesty and invincibility
of right will yet carry our banner to every hill-top through this, our once happy
land.
I am, respectfully
C. H. Mullen.
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Evidence of the abandonment of secessionism, and return to loyalty, like the
above, are daily occurrence here, and I have no doubt such is the case in your
section of the state.
I hear from reliable authority that it is the intention of the military authorities to
complete the Nashville and Northwestern railroad at an early day. For this purpose two thousand five hundred negroes are to be impressed and put to work
on the road.
The Press of this city, (a very able and influential paper, by the way) is urging
the re-establishment of post offices in portions of Middle Tennessee now under
our control, and calls upon Johnson to aid in the matter.
The [Daily] Press, of this city, (a very able and influential paper, by the way) is
urging the re-establishment of post offices in portions of Middle Tennessee
now under our control, and calls upon Johnson to aid in the matter.
The editor of the Press recently attended a Union Mass meeting at Franklin,
and give his impressions in the following language:
"The main purpose of our visit, we repeat, was to mingle with the mass of citizens, and make our inferences from their less guarded manifestations of feeling
and opinion. With a very general previous knowledge of the character and habits of the people of Williamson [county], if we have failed to arrive at approximate truth in the matter, our failure must be due to a want of talent for such
investigations. To state more clearly our impressions respecting the present
attitude of the people toward the Federal Government, we will suppose the
whole number (not in the army) to be divided into eight equal parts.
"These eight parts may be comprehended in the following classes: First, the
original, deliberate and sincere secessionists, who have been working for years
to bring about a disruption of the Government, and the unyielding Union men,
about equal in number, may have assigned to them one-eighth. Third, the "soft
rebels," including such as acquiesced in the rebellion for the sake, as they
thought, of their own case and security, and who never felt any real hostility to
the Union and National Government. To this class belong the remaining five
eighths.
"This third class to which may be added the sixteenth of original and unyielding Union men, comprising as we see, more than five-eighths of the entire population many now be relied on as the best friends of Union and of the National
Government. The second class will suddenly yield to a power which they
would over throw if they could, but are not at all likely to further endanger life
and property in the present rebellion. The original disunionists, making only
about one sixteenth of the population, will generally undergo great extremities
rather than submit, and will be ready at any time to renew the struggle."
A gentleman who recently went to the front to see what was going on, writes
from Stevenson, Alabama, and salutes a narrow escape of Gen. Rosecrans.
While at Bridgeport on the 22d, looking after matters and things, a rebel sharpshooter thought he would try his hand at him, and letting fly, the ball passed
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September 1, 1863
within a few inches of the General's head, lodging in a tree by and scattering
the bark in all directions.
On the evening of the 21st over fifty deserters came into Gen. Rosecran's lines,
most of whom swam the river to get there. The rats are leaving the sinking
ship.
Memphis Bulletin, September 1, 1863.
September 1, 1863 - "The Churches."
The different churches open in the city on Sunday were well filled, while the
Cathedral was crowded. The choir has lately been placed under the charge of
Professor Charles Schoppelrei, who has done everything possible in the limited
time he has had to organize and perfect the members in the performance of the
beautiful music of the Catholic Church. Prominent among the fine pieces thus
far sang by the choir, are the beautiful andante movement from "Il Polinto,"
The Martyrs, sang exquisitely by Mrs. De Zevallos; also the Morning Prayer
from Eli, sang by Mr. C. H. W. Bent, whom we consider one of our most
accomplished vocalist. The exquisite quartette introduced on last Sunday, the
Father of Mercies, is a beautiful composition, and was splendidly rendered by
Mrs. De Zevallos, Miss Hagan, and Messrs. Bent and Reckless. The following
ladies and gentlemen now constituted the Cathedral Choir: Charles Schoppelrei, Organist; Mrs. M. De Zevallos and Miss C. Novarre, Soprani; Miss L.
Hagan and Miss E. Driscol, Alto; Mr. C. H. W. Bent and Mr. B. L. Waldemen,
Tenore; Mr. Reckless, Mr. H. B. Craighead and Mr. Cunningham, Bassos. It
may not be amiss to state that the Rev. Father Stephan, Chaplain of the Post,
celebrated High Mass, and that Rev. Father Bergass of Knoxville, preached.
Nashville Dispatch, September 1, 1863.
September 1, 1863 - A Case of mistaken identity and Burnsides' strict orders
Sept 1st 1863
Kingston Tenn
There is cannonading going on in front this afternoon and doubtless some
ragged soldiers now lie bleeding at their countrys call. There was a cavalry regt
of Rosecrences army came up on the right of our column and when they saw us
they retreated back supposing us to be rebbles and we supposed them the same
and the 45th was sent out charging on to them but soon found out the mistake
and enjoyed the joke finly.
There has been very strict orders in the regt against card playing all gaming
and profanity. and now yesterday General Burnside issued orders against all
stealing and the taking up of anything whatever without leave either to eat or
feed or anything else with a penalty of being striped floged head and face half
shaved and branded on the left cheek with the letter T for thief and then
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drumed out of the servise I think these are the best orders yet. For the boys
were geting too awful bad. The country is just loaded with fruit but the boys
now dare not take any without paying for it.
Civil War Diary and Letters of David Humphrey BlairNOTE 1
NOTE 1: Raymond R. Parker, ed. and comp. Civil War Diary and Letters of David
Humphrey Blair, as cited in: http://netnow.micron.net/~rbparker/diary.
[Hereinafter cited as Civil War Diary and Letters of David Humphrey
Blair.]
September 1, 1863 - Order, counter order, the capture of Federal pickets and one soldier's
opinion of Middle Tennesseans
On Tuesday last [1st] Cos. C. and B got orders to be ready to march next morning to Shelbyville. Got ready to go and were then ordered to wait till next
morning for a pontoon train going to the front. Train did not come so had to
wait till yesterday for it—it got in here yesterday too late to start and so we
were ordered to be ready to march early this morning. Just as we were about to
start this morning came an order for the Regt. to go to McMinnville so we had
to unsaddle again and wait.
On Tuesday night [1st] one of our picket posts was surprised and four men carried off by the rebels. They were surrounded on all sides by the rebels, who
appeared to know exactly where they were, no doubt they had been informed
from some of the "I-never-did-anything-in-my-life," people who live around
here, and now have free access to all the different works about here, to sell
their market stuff to act the spy part. Well so goes the world, men will be faithless at times and it is no wonder that people who believe it right to enslave their
fellow men, and live by legalized robbery should be rather hard put to learn
what right they had to keep faith with the Yankees, vile monsters as they'll are.
Alley Diary, entry for September 5, 1863.
September 1, 1863 - "CIVIL LAW"
Memphis, Sept. 1, 1863
Editor Bulletin:
Now that the theater of war is far removed beyond the southern border of West
Tennessee, by the fall of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, would it not be well for
the people of the western division of the State to adopt means, looking to the
reorganization and establishment of civil organization and establishment of
civil law in said district—at least in such parts thereof as are exclusively under
the control of the Federal Government. It must be admitted by all that nothing
would have a greater tendency to insure peace and tranquility throughout society, than the re-establishment of the judiciary and other departments of the
State government. Let the machinery of State be once again put in motion, and
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September 1, 1863
you will find the people everywhere ready and anxious to assist in the maintenance and execution of the laws and the administration of justice—if for no
other reason, for the protection of their persons and property against the wanton usurpations which are everywhere and everyday becoming the bane of
society, and a terror to the honest, quiet and law abiding citizen. The question
is daily being asked, "why can't we have a court of common law and equity
jurisdiction within the city of Memphis. ["]The 5th, 13th and 14th civil districts
of Shelby county, embracing the Common Law and Chancery Court of Memphis, established by special act of the Legislature, are under the immediate
control of the authorities of the United State—every citizen thereof entitled to
the elective franchise having, no doubt, taken the oath of allegiance to the Federal Government, why is it they cannot at once proceed to elect a judge and
other officers of said Court, that justice may be dispensed in accordance with
the Constitution and laws of the State? True, there is a Court of Civil Commission for the district of Memphis, established by military authority, which, in the
absence of civil tribunals, seems to be a necessity, but no one of reflection of
sound judgment will pretend that such a tribunal (having common law in chancery jurisdiction) has existence, de facto, under the Constitution of the United
States or the Constitution and laws of the State of Tennessee; therefore it cannot be considered a dispenser of civil law or a part and parcel of the judiciary
of the State, and its actions, judgment and decrees, when hereafter brought to a
constitutional test, may be declared null and void, and thus work great inconvenience, not to say loss to all persons having suits or litigated interest pending
therein. I believe it to be the policy of the Federal Government (and it is certainly the wisest policy) in re-establishing civil law in any State heretofore in
rebellion against the Government to conform, as near as possible to the Constitution and laws existing anterior to the passage of the ordinance of secession
by said State. In applying this doctrine to the commonwealth of Tennessee it
becomes the duty of all her loyal citizens in the reorganization of the State
department, to endeavor to place her back just where she was previous to the
passage of the odious act of State secession; and noting will have a greater tendency to accomplish this object than the reorganization of a sound judiciary for
the right enforcement of the civil law—subject to the power and authority of
the United States Government. Then, in view of the premises, let those who so
much desire toe reorganization of the of a sound judiciary within our city,
apply at once to his Excellency, the Military Governor of the State, that writs of
election may be issued to fill the vacant offices of the same, and ere long our
quiet, and peaceful city will again be restored the mild rule of
CIVIL LAW.
Memphis Bulletin, September 1, 1863.
September 1, 1863 - "The Suspension Bridge."
The loss of this noble structure in February, 1861 [1862], has been felt as the
greatest calamity entailed by the war upon this people. Since being disunited,
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the residents on both sides of the river have suffered all manner of trouble[,]
inconvenience, and not unfrequently serious personal accident. Every day
increases the general desire to see the bridge replaced, that in getting to and
from Edgefield, there shall be no more climbing of hills, waiting on boats, fear
of team cars, jams, and blockades, and no more danger to life. Now that the
people are beginning to turn their attention to the pursuits of peace, and that no
fears of being disturbed are entertained, would it not be well with the least possible delay, again to have this connecting link between Nashville and Edgefield
span the Cumberland? We hear the directors and stockholders are very anxious
for such a consummation, and have in vain used their endeavors to effect it. We
cannot see any insurmountable obstacle to forbid an enterprise so desirable; on
the contrary there are many plans, either one of which might be successfully
adopted. The original cost of the bridge was eighty five thousand, six hundred
and fifty dollars. On this amount there has been a stock dividend of twenty-five
per cent., which increased the capital stock to one hundred and seven thousand,
sixty-two dollars and fifty cents. In the semi-annual cash dividends there has
been a gradual improvement from three to six per cent. The only portions of
the bridge absolutely injured are the wires and wood-work, which can be
repaired at a cost of twenty-five to thirty thousand dollars; or if the military
authorities would furnish free transportation for the materials, it would be
greatly diminished. Suppose, them that new certificates of stock should be
issued to whoever might contribute to this reconstruction, and that the proceeds
arising from the toll should be applied to the payment of the new stockholder,
it would only require a few months to pay the debts and a handsome profit on
the amount. Especially would this be the case if the rates of toll on this bridge
were the same as those of the railroad and pontoon bridges. The toll for a
buggy and a horse on the suspension bridge was about two and a half cents per
crossing; that of the other fifteen cents, making a difference of six hundreds per
cent. At this rate of toll what would the dividends have amounted to? We
understand that the stockholders are willing to mortgage the property to any
contractor who will undertake its reconstruction, and they are also willing that
the whole profits shall be devoted to the payment of the liabilities. Cannot this
arrangement he made. Can no company of this kind be formed? Our opinion is
that such a proposition made by the bridge company would not stand open
long. If we have not in our own midst enterprising men enough to attempt it,
they will be found elsewhere; and by well directed effort on the part of those
immediately interested, we shall before the coming of winter, (when the bridge
will be imperatively needed,) have our former safe and easy mode of "crossing
the Rubicon." If we should be disappointed in this expectation, we appeal to
the "strong arm" of Uncle Sam to protect us. Is there no Caesar among us who
can build this bridge for the convenience of the army within ten days or two
weeks, or who will build it at all; or are our military chieftains, wiling to yield
to palm to the conqueror of Gaul?
Nashville Daily Press, September 1, 1863.
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September 1, 1863
September 1, 1863 - Tribulations of Georgia soldiers in Tennessee
Letter from the Twenty-Fifth Geo.
In Camp, Sept. 1st 1863.
We are now encamped at the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad, eleven
miles from Chattanooga and six from the river. . . The change in temperature is
very marked, the nights being quite cool, especially as to us who have but
scanty wardrobes and hardly a blanket to ten men. Many are barefoot, and at
night, having no blanket, have to lie upon the naked ground, so that we naturally dread the approach of frost, which will fall early, if we are to judge from
present appearances. If the government is unable to supply our deficiencies in
clothing, it is to be hoped that the fight, now expected, will come off soon, so
that we could, if successful, furnish ourselves from the army of the enemy. . .
Polk.
Savannah [GA] Republican, September 7, 1863.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: As cited in: http://www.uttyl.edu/vbetts.
September 1, 1863 - The status of Sewanee Coal and Mining Co.NOTE 1 properties
September 1, 1863
Letter from William Truesdail
Head Quarters Army Cumbld
Office Chief Army Police
StevenstonNOTE 2 Sept 1/63
Gov. A. Johnson,
Sir, Mr. JacksonNOTE 3 of Nashville called upon me yesterday with a view of
obtaining some information in regard to parties now in possession of the
Sewanee Coal and Mining Co. & desired me to write to you the information
and facts we had in regard to the parties & property—After the Army came to
Winchester I learned that this great and valuable property had been marked for
supplying the Confederate Authorities with Coal, & that they had run off much
of the Machinery belonging to the Co.—That the managers were mostly in the
Confederate Service; that Mr[.] McGee, of Winchester, who professed to have
been strongly identified with the success of the Rebellion claimed to be the real
& principal owner! That he had taken the Oath,& was not for the Union,
Believed the Rebellion would be crushed & wanted to start the Mining &
bringing out of Coal for the use & benefit of the Federal Army, and has, I
believe Associated parties with him, to this end. Learning that after the Rebellion had broken out, the property had been sold, for a very small sum of money
& bought in by McGee, I took the statements of several citicens in regard to the
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original Stockholders & owners of the property, I found that all the Records in
regard to the Sale of their property were at Jasper. I found the Deputy Sheriff
who sold the property, all the information we obtained seemed to show, that
there had been great injustice done in the Judgment & Sale, to the Real Stockholders & owners, most of whom resided in New York; that the Hon Geo. Law
&: Wm. B. Astor and others of New York were heavy Stockholders.—I forwarded a statement of such facts as we had obtained to Mr[.] Law. We were
unable to see the Records, and the only information obtained was from citicens
who may have not in all particulars been correct.—Mr[.] McGee professed to
be a Union man now, I was a little amused at a remark he made to me a few
days since.—I stated to him that I feared the enemy would attack and burn their
cars and other property.—He remarked that he intended ["]to ride through the
neighborhood & prevent such an event by seeing those who might do so."—I
have no doubt but Mr[.] McGee feel[s] that it is to his interest to be a loyal
man, and will so act, as all will do under a liberal policy of Government, in
regard to Laws of Trade and Commerce.
Respectfully Wm. Truesdail
N. B. Col. Ashburn who is well acquainted with the facts in relation to this Co.
will be in Nashville in a day or two, and can inform you, as to fact, more
fully—WT
Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. 6, pp. 348-349.
NOTE 1: Organized in January, 1854, with New York financier Samuel F. Tracy as
its president, the Sewanee Mining Company had by 1858 built a spur line
off the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad trunk from Cowan up the Cumberland Plateau to Tracy City, perhaps the first coal company town in Tennessee. Authur S. Colyar, a Confederate congressman, later became head of
the company.
NOTE 2: Stevenson, Alabama.
NOTE 3: James J. Jackson the English-born founder of the Brennan Iron Foundry in
Davidson County. See: Nashville City Business Directory (1859), p. 87
September 1, 1863 - September 2, 1863 - Federal troops begin occupation of Knoxville
"September 1, 1863. Sawyers' Battalion entered Knoxville, Tenn., in advance
of all other Federal troops-were the first Federal troops that took command of
the City."
Report of the Adjutant General, p. 524.
September 5, 1863
The Occupation.
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Knoxville was first occupied by a brigade of Gen. Hartsuff, commanded b Col.
J. W. Foster of the 65th Indiana, on Tuesday afternoon, the 1st inst. The reception accorded to Col. Foster and his command was every way creditable to the
citizens.
Genl. Burnside and staff, accompanied by Gen. Carter and staff, entered the
city on Thursday, the 3d inst., at 4 o'clock, P. M., from the Kingston road. Gen
Burnside has established his Headquarters at the late residence of John H. Crozier, on Gay street.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE OHIO, Near Loudon Bridge, Tenn., Via
Somerset, Ky., September [3] 1863. (Received 12 p. m., 5th.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
Gen.-in-Chief:
I have the honor to inform you that our forces now occupy Knoxville, Kingston, and other important points. Gen. Hartsuff's corps, after the concentration,
of which I notified you, moved forward. Gen. Carter's cavalry division of that
corps preceded the corps in three columns; one under command of Gen. Shackelford, on Loudon Bridge; one under Col. Byrd, on Kingston; one under Col.
Foster, on Knoxville. The last-named places were taken without material opposition, but at Loudon the enemy was strongly posted. After a brisk skirmish
they were driven back by Shackelford's command. They fired the bridge before
they retreated, and it is now in ruins. Col. Byrd captured at Kingston a steamboat in process of construction, but nearly finished. Col. Foster captured at
Knoxville two locomotives and a number of cars, and a very considerable
amount of army stores were captured by the different brigades of Carter's division. Great praise is due to the troops of the command for their patience, endurance, and courage during the movement. Hartsuff's corps, which has been in
the advance, has proved itself to be one the best in the service. I am thankful to
report that we suffered no loss from the hands of the enemy except a few
wounded.
I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol., 30, pt. III, p. 333.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: See also: New York Times, September 20, 1863.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, September 6, 1863—11 a. m.
Hon. EDWIN M. STANTON,
Bedford Springs, Pa.:
Gen. Burnside reports the occupation by his forces of Loudon Bridge, Kingston, and Knoxville, E. Tenn., and the capture a new steam-boat nearly finished
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at Kingston, two locomotives and a number of cars at Knoxville, together with
a very considerable amount of army stores at various points. There was a brisk
skirmish at Loudon Bridge, where the enemy was strongly posted, but no serious opposition was made elsewhere to the advance of our troops. No news
from any other quarter, and but little current business in the Department.
P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 399-400.
Our entree into Knoxville was a grand ovation. The people of the surrounding
country flocked in crowds to welcome us, and the city presented very much the
appearance of an Independence Day. No pen can do justice to the scene, and
my heart melts as I call it to mind. Old, gray-haired men and women, the middle aged, and even little prattling children were perfectly frantic with joy. We
had a large number of men from this section in our army, who had been away
from their homes for two years; and to see the re-union of these brave fellows
with those they love better than life would melt the hardest heart.
I saw one woman, with two little girls, standing on the sidewalk, and watching
intently as the column passed. Presently a browned and weather-beaten soldier
rode out from the ranks, and the scene that followed more than paid me for the
two years of toil and hardship that I have passed in the army. It was his wife
and little ones, whom he had not seen, and from whom he had not heard but
once, for the twenty-eight months. This was but one of many similar instances.
It was a common thing, after we got into this vicinity, to see numbers of soldier
riding along in the ranks with one, two, and sometimes three little boys and
girls on the horse with them.
One of the most thrilling scenes I ever had the pleasure to witness occurred on
our arrival here [in Knoxville]. Generals Burnside, Carter, and Shackelford
took up their quarters at the fine house of a noted rebel who had left the place,
and were followed there by an immense concourse of citizens clamorous for a
speech. General Carter was first called out, he being an East Tennessean. He
was followed by Generals Burnside and Shackleford, and the excitement and
enthusiasm of the crowd gained with every word. Meanwhile I had taken my
way around to the rear of the house, and had got upon the roof of the balcony,
and as General Shackleford finished his speech I unfurled our large garrison
flag, and threw it over the balcony. It was caught by the breeze, and as its beautiful folds streamed out upon the air, the people could no longer contain themselves. Shout after shout rent the air. Old men and gray-haired matrons took
each other by the hand, and laughed, shook, and cried, all at the same time.
Young men and maidens were uproarious, and little children were 'clean gone
crazy.' I looked into the house and saw Generals Burnside, Carter, and Shackleford shaking hands, while tears rolled down their cheeks as if they 'couldn't
help it.' Some one sang out-'Get under it, get under it-and it seemed as if the
crowd would trample each other under foot in their wild endeavors to do so. I
never saw anything like it in my life, and felt some as I imagine the old Patriarch must have felt when he wanted to 'depart in peace.' You may think from
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 13
September 1, 1863
the way I write there are no rebels here. There are a few, probably one tenth of
the population, but they look as if they 'enjoyed very poor health.'"
Anecdotes, pp. 395-396.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: The author of these remarks is not identified.
"NEWS FROM KNOXVILLE."
March of 250 Miles-The Rebels Deceived Until the Last Moment-Ten thousand Fly before Our Columns-Not a man Lost on the Union Side-Locomotives
and Cars Captured-Entrance into Knoxville-A great oration-Speeches by Generals Burnside, Carter and Col. Saunders-Appointment.
Special to the Cincinnati Gazette.
Knoxville, Sept. 6th via Cumberland Gap, Sept. 10.}
The great march and acquisition of East Tennessee are accomplished. Ten
thousand rebels are before us in a panic. Union citizens are jubilant and the
rebel reign is about over. Loudon bridge is burned. Our right wing is within
easy reach of Rosecrans left. The rebels reguarded our expedition as a raid,
until the last moment. All are safe and well. Our march of 250 miles was hard;
but the trains are all up in good shape to their headquarters.
KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, Sept. 6th, via CUMBERLAND GAP, Sept. 10.}
The great campaign of the war is ended. We are in full possession of East Tennessee. A great bloodless victory is won. The reign of terror is over, rebeldom
has met with a decided blow and we have not lost a man. The campaign was
skillfully planned and energetically executed. Such was the rapidity of our
movements that the rebels were taken unawares and fled before us without
resistance and without destroying property. At Loudon they attempted to hold
the bridge, but the impetuosity of the 2d Tennessee [U. S. ], and the shells of
the 1st Tennessee Battery [U. S.] broke them to fragments, but it was impossible to save the bridge. Three steamboats, three locomotives and large numbers
of cars were unburned. Our whole march was an ovation, and our entree to
Knoxville an event long to be remembered. Thousands of people of every age,
sex, color, and condition lined the road. Shouts and cheers and tears intermingled in the martial music, and joy reigned supreme. Gen. Burnside addressed
the people and soldiers; assured them of protection, and that while justice
should be dealt to persistent rebels, revenge was no part of a mild and magnanimous Government. General Carter also spoke in touching terms of their sufferings, and announced their termination. Col. Saunders was called out amid
shouts of welcome.
Col. Gilbert is made Military Governor and Gen. Carter Provost Marshal General of East Tennessee
Nashville Daily Press, September 14, 1863.
"The Rebel Exodus from Knoxville."
Page 14 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 1, 1863
The correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial, writing on the 7th ult. [September 7], gives the following account of the Rebel exodus from Knoxville:
This performance, as described by the citizens must have been extremely
funny. The high dignitaries of the Rebels, including Buckner and staff, took
time by the forelock, and went off comfortably and in order per train toward
Chattanooga. The understrappers, however, and the Rebel citizens, give a different coloring to the flight.
"There was hurrying in hot haste" by number of excited individuals. One gentleman, aroused from a midnight slumber by the city of "the Yanks," armed and
accoutered as he was in the scanty garments of the night, rushed to his stable,
mounted his horse, and fled in the direction of the Southern Mecca. (This place
has a moveable nature: at that date it was located at Chattanooga.) The case of
the gentleman, however, was an extreme one.
Lieut. Col. E. D. Blake, Rebel Commandant of Conscripts for the District of
East Tennessee, did the thing more decently. He happened to have his clothes
on when the awful cry of "Yanks" fell upon his ear, but his horse was unfortunately unsaddled, so he mounted bareback and fled at high speed from the
imaginary wrath to come.
Poor Major R. P. Fox, enrolling officer, was more unlucky, and when the hour
of tribulation and anguish came, it found him thirty yards from his coat and
hat. The gallant Major of course could not stop to get them, so he went out of
town, leaving these comfortable appendages behind him, and was not since
called to claim his property.
But the citizens—the rebel neighbors who ran, trampled on honor, truth and
every sentiment ennobling human nature—it was more pitiable than laughable
to witness the wild, headlong haste with which they fled. The load of iniquity
upon their shoulders made their plight a sad and heavy one to them. The Union
men were excusable, if in that long expected hour they jeered and scoffed a little as this chivalry moved off in the trains, carrying with them all that was possible of their worldly goods.
Nashville Dispatch, October 3, 1863.
September 1, 1863 - September 3, 1863 - A Confederate woman's view of the Federal occupation of Knoxville, excerpts from the diary of Ellen Renshaw House
Sept. 1, Tuesday. I think it outrageous the Yankees are here. Just think. Here in
Knoxville. Walked in without the least resistance on our part. Buckner evacuated it last week, took everything. There is one consolation we lost nothing in
the way of eating, clothing, ordinance stores &c. But to let them have the
place. I never could have believed it. Only one regiment of the cavalry has
come in yet. A Col Foster, I think, in command. He has taken up his quarters in
Sneed's house and the good for nothing things have such comfortable quarters.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 15
ca. September 1, 1863
How I hate them. Four came in here and we had to give them something to eat.
That was too much. . .
Sept. 2, Wednesday. After dreaming of our boys, to wake and find the Yankees
here. Too bad—too bad. More came in today. I don't know how many there are
or care. To know they are here is quite enough and more than enough. . . This
morning sister was sitting at her front window reading. Two men rode by with
a flag. She turned her head. One of them said, "Did you see that girl. She would
not look at our flag." and they both laughed.
Sept. 3, Thursday. They have been coming in today. They all ride two abrest. I
suppose that is to string them out as much as possible. Our friend across the
way come home today. Every union man in town, I believe, has come to see
him. All look perfectly delighted. They have everything their own way now,
and I suppose they will for a time. A man came today to buy some bacon.
Mother told him she had none to sell and very little. She could give them a
piece. He was very polite. I don't suppose they will molest us if we keep quite.
I certainly shall not let them think I am a Lincolnite but will behave as a lady.
General Burnsides came in this afternoon and has taken up quarters at Col Crozier house.
Diary of Ellen Renshaw House, September 1-3, 1863.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: As cited in Voices of the Civil War: Chattanooga (Time-Life Books: Alexandria, VA, nd), p. 53. [Hereinafter: Diary of Ellen Renshaw House.]
ca. September 1, 1863 - September 4, 1863 - Confederate conscript sweeps near Jackson
MEMPHIS, TENN., September 4, 1863.
Gen. HURLBUT:
~~~
Newsom, with some 700 men, is in the neighborhood of Jackson, Tenn., stealing horses and conscripting.
August MERSY, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 337.
September 1, 1863 - September 10, 1863 - Expeditions from Paducah, Kentucky & Union
City, Tennessee, to Conyersville, Tennessee, with a skirmish on the 5th
Report of Col. James S. Martin, One hundred and eleventh Illinois Infantry.
PADUCAH, KY., September 18, 1863.
GEN.: I have the honor to submit the following report of expedition under Maj.
W. M. Mabry, One hundred and eleventh Illinois Infantry, that left here on the
1st instant, consisting of two companies infantry and two of cavalry. They
arrived in Mayfield on the afternoon of the 1st instant. Capt. Duncan, in com-
Page 16 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 1, 1863
mand of cavalry, started in pursuit of guerrillas that had broken into Bolinger's
store the previous night and robbed it of a large quantity of goods, &c. Infantry
moved on to Murray, arrived there on the 2d instant, camping there in accordance with orders. Scouting parties were sent out in all directions to gather
information and collect the small-arms in that vicinity.
On the 4th instant, Lieut. Gus. Herpich, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, with 80 men,
mounted, arrived at Murray and joined our forces.
On the 5th instant, information was received that Judge McKnight's store, 6
miles from Murray, had been broken open and robbed by a band of guerrillas.
The mounted force were immediately dispatched in pursuit, overtaking the
band at Conyersville, Tenn., killing the leader, Capt. McGuire, Lieut. Foster,
and 3 men, wounding 1, and taking 1 prisoner; also recapturing some of the
stolen goods. It was then reported that a force of from 100 to 300 rebels were
camped in the Obion Bottoms, near Conyersville. About the same time Companies C and G, One hundred and eleventh Illinois Infantry, arrived at Murray,
when the whole command moved to Conyersville, Tenn., sending out the
mounted force in all directions in hopes of securing the rebels. They found no
enemy, the report proving false. Maj. Mabry then learned that Col. Harrison,
second Tennessee Cavalry, with his command was near Paris, Tenn. He sent an
officer to communicate with him, but Col. Harrison had returned to Boydsville.
On the 9th instant, the expedition took up their march for Paducah (except
Lieut. Herpich, with his command, who returned to Union City), arriving here
on the evening of the 10th instant.
The total result was as follows: Rebel loss killed, 1 captain, 1 lieutenant, 3
men; wounded, 1 man; prisoners taken, 2. The following property captured and
turned over to Maj. Gibson, provost-marshal: 9 horses, 1 mule, 2 saddles, 73
shot-guns and rifles, 2 pistols, 1 pair saddle-bags; also 9 bottles of morphine
that was taken from Bolinger's store by the guerrillas on 31st.
August, 1863.
Maj. Mabry returned with his command, having accomplished all he could in
that vicinity. Could find no other force, nor gain information of any.
Respectfully,
JAS. S. MARTIN, Col. 111th Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Post.
No. 2.
Report of Lieut. Gustav Herpich, Fourth Missouri Cavalry.
UNION CITY, TENN., September 10, 1863.
SIR: By order of Col. Charles H. Fox, commanding First Brigade at the time, I
left Union City, Tenn., with 40 men of the Fourth Missouri Cavalry and 30 men
of the Twenty-fourth Missouri Mounted Infantry, to proceed to Murray, Ky.,
where I would find a force of United States troops, and report to the commanding officer there.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 17
September 1, 1863
I arrived at Murray, Ky., on the 4th instant and reported accordingly.
On the 5th instant, Maj. Mabry, of One hundred and eleventh Illinois Infantry,
commanding the forces, ordered me with 20 men to proceed to Conyersville,
Tenn., to intercept a party of guerrillas, while he sent Lieut. Robberson, of the
Twenty-fourth Missouri Mounted Infantry, by another route to the same place
for the same purpose. At about 1.30 p. m. of the same day I got sight of the
advance guard of the guerrillas on the road where the Twenty-fourth Missouri
Mounted Infantry had to come in. I ordered my men to charge on them, which
they did in a most gallant style, but coming in close range, they fired a volley at
us, which, although, did not stop my men to advance guard of the guerrillas on
the road where the Twenty-fourth Missouri Mounted Infantry had to come in. I
ordered my men to charge on them, which they did in a most gallant style, but
coming in close range, they fired a volley at us, which, although, did not stop
my men to advance, but at the same time the Twenty-fourth Missouri Mounted
Infantry, in the rear of the enemy, fired a volley into them, which made them
throw down their arms, jump off their horses, and run up a steep hill. I ordered
a part of my men to the right and left to surround the hill; also one part to
charge after them. The infantry I ordered to dismount and search the brush,
which was very thick. The cavalry succeeded in heading them, killing 6,
wounding 2 (1 severely), taking 1 prisoner, the infantry manly supporting
them. After about one hour's engagement, finding out that I had slain,
wounded, and captured almost the entire force of the guerrillas, I withdrew my
men and ordered Lieut. Robberson to Proceed back to Murray, Ky., the same
way he came. I also went back to Murray, Ky., on the straightest road, notifying the citizens of Conyersville, Tenn., to bury the dead.
Among the killed was Capt. John E. McGuire and Lieut. Foster (both having
the oath of allegiance to the United States in their pockets, as well as a list of
the members of their companies).
Coming back to Murray, Ky., I reported the facts to Maj. Mabry, commanding
forces, and handed over to him all the captured documents and papers, as well
as horses.
Maj. Mabry, intending to move on toward Paris, Tenn., kept me with him until
September 7, when he marched on with the whole force, sending a part of my
command in advance, and another to the right and left on different roads to
Conyersville. Arrived at Conyersville, he found out that a force of United
States troops was at and around Paris, Tenn. He ordered me back with my command to Union City, Tenn., through the Obion Swamps. I arrived here, without
any further interruption, September 10, 1863.
I have the honor to remain, your most obedient servant,
GUSTAV HERPICH, First Lieut. Fourth Missouri Cavalry, Comdg. Expedition.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 648-650.
Page 18 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
[PADUCAH, KY.,] September 8, 1863.
Maj. W. M. MABRY, 111th Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Expedition:
Maj.:Yours of the 7th instant received. I congratulate you upon your success
thus far, and would advise you to move upon the force in the Obion Bottoms
and use your best endeavor to drive them of, break up their rendezvous and
camp. I think you had better mount one company of infantry, and more if necessary to accomplish the object. You had better move your whole command to
Conyersville, Tenn., so as to better act as a reserve force for your cavalry in
case they are forced back. You will use your judgment in making your movements, reporting to these headquarters all changes in your locations, intentions,
and the information gained.
Respectfully,
JAMES S. MARTIN,Col. 111th Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Post.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 440.
September 2, 1863 - Scout from Smith's Cross-Roads to Kingston, capture of Confederates,
Forrest falls back
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the correspondence of Colonel R. H. G. Minty, to Capt. Oldersahw, Assistant Adjutant General, 21st Army Corps, September 2, 1863 relative to scout from Smith's Cross-Roads to Kingston, September 2, 18963.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION, Smith's CrossRoads, Tenn. Valley, September 2. 1863.
Capt. OLDERSHAW, A. A. G., 21st Army Corps:
SIR: A scout of 200 men has this moment returned from Kingston, bringing in
12 prisoners and having lost 1 man mortally wounded. My men entered Kingston with the advance of Burnside's army. Forrest has fallen back across the
Tennessee River.
~~~
R. H. G. MINTY, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 306-307.
September 2, 1863 - Cavalry scout in Saulsbury environs
SAULSBURY, September 2, 1863.
Col. JOHN I. RINAKER:
SIR: I learn that Street crossed the road some 12 miles east of this, and is north
of the road. Fifty men of the Eleventh Illinois Cavalry are scouting in that
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 19
September 2, 1863
direction. I have 50 waiting south of the road. Can you watch a few miles this
way?
ISAAC R. HAWKINS, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 295.
September 2, 1863 - Report of Federal scout to Trenton, Humboldt environs in search of a
Confederate conscript camp
HDQRS, FIRST BRIG., SIXTH DIV., 16TH ARMY CORPS, September 2,
1863,
Capt. HOUGH, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
CAPT.: Inclosed find report of scout sent out by me on yesterday while the
general was at this point. I shall permit him to go in and break up the conscript
camp if he can, and I have no doubt he will succeed, as he has about 150 men,
and I desire the camp broken up. The rebel cavalry force reported yesterday
was Biffle's and his escort, moving conscript camp from Dresden down on the
Tennessee. Spies report captain Moore and five companies Second Illinois
Cavalry at Dresden on yesterday, pushing on after Biffle. All quiet and comfortable at this camp.
Respectfully submitted.
CHAS. H. FOX, Col. 101st Ill. Infty., Comdg. 1st Brig., Union City, Tenn.
[Inclosure.]
SANCLES [?] FERRY,
September 1, 1863—5 p. m.
Col. FOX, Comdg. First Brigade, Union City:
My men are now crossing the ferry. There were only about 30 men of Harris'
command in this region last night. Many of his followers claim to be citizens;
the guides know them. The rumors about a large cavalry force of the rebels at
or near Trenton are unsatisfactory. I am going forward to ascertain the truth,
and if I am satisfied that there are only about 250 conscripts of Faulkner's command near Humboldt (10 miles below Trenton), I shall go forward, and try to
get among them unless you send me messengers to the contrary. I have taken
the men stationed at this point with us. I think you had better send a picket here
to protect the ferry until our return.NOTE 1
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. S. PEEBLES.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 295-296.
NOTE 1: There is no record to indicate any such camp existed, and whether or not it
was attacked if it did exist.
Page 20 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
September 2, 1863 - Daily Federal scouts between Sulphur Springs, above Washington, and
Thatcher's Ferry, below Sale Creek
•See August 31, 1863-September 2, 1863-Federal scout from Smith's Cross
Roads to Kingston
September 2, 1863 - Nathan Bedford Forrest destroys his own wagon train
•See August 31, 1863-September 2, 1863-Federal scout from Smith's Cross
Roads to Kingston
September 2, 1863 - Federals take possession of Williams' Island
JASPER, September 3, 1863—11 p. m.
Gen. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
Reynolds sends me the following dispatch from Wilder, with request to forward it to Gen. Thomas. Not knowing where Gen. Thomas is, I forward it to
the department.
OPPOSITE CHATTANOOGA, September 2, 1863.
I have possession of Williams' Island, and can ford the river and go up Lookout
Valley if required. The water is 4 feet deep. I have two boats-sufficient to cross
my artillery. All quiet in front; but small garrison at Chattanooga. Large camp
at Tyner's and also at Ringgold. Col. Minty reports three steamers at mouth of
Hiwassee.
T. L. CRITTENDEN, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 327.
September 2, 1863 - Major-General A. Burnside's forces occupy Kingston
No circumstantial reports filed.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, September 2, 1863—12.50 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. ROSECRANS, Army of the Cumberland:
August 31 Gen. Burnside was at Montgomery, advancing on Kingston. The
enemy reported to be concentrating at Loudon.
H. W. HALLECK, Gen.-in-Chief.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 296.
HDQRS., Kingston, Tenn., September 2, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 21
September 2, 1863
Maj.-Gen. ROSECRANS:
The main body of Hartsuff's corps is now this side of Emery Iron-Works, a portion of it being at Kingston, another portion near Waller's Ford, with advance at
or near Loudon, and the remainder at Knoxville, I hope. We are expecting to
hear from that portion of the force momentarily. Thus far the resistance of the
enemy has been trifling. We have communicated with your pickets 4 miles
below Kingston. I send this dispatch by that route.
Gen. [Forrest] crossed the Tennessee at this place, and I am satisfied that the
has gone south be the way of Athens, although there are reports that he proposes to recross below here to raid upon our rear. Two steamers that were at
this place went down the river when he left. He was heard to say that he was
ordered to Dalton, Ga. Scott has also crossed, and it is said that Pegram is
under orders to cross. Knoxville is believed to be evacuated, and it is also
reported that Loudon is evacuated. We will probably know definitely during
the forenoon. Citizens say that all the forces of East Tennessee have moved
south of Loudon. I hope to send you another dispatch in a few hours, giving
you more definite information. Please let me know the position of affairs with
you. I [will] probably have a force in Cumberland Gap to-day.
BURNSIDE.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 297.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Bridgeport, Ala., September 4, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. GRANGER, Nashville:
Burnside has taken Kingston. . .
~~~
J. A. GARFIELD, Brig.-Gen., Chief of Staff
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 351.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 6, 1863—6 p. m.
Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR, Bedford, Pa.:
Burnside has Kingston and Knoxville, and drove the enemy across the river at
Loudon, the enemy destroying the bridge there; captured some stores and one
or two trains; very little fighting; few wounded, and none killed. No other news
of consequence.
A. LINCOLN.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, September 6, 1863—11 a. m.
Hon. EDWIN M. STANTON, Bedford Springs, Pa.:
Page 22 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
General Burnside reports the occupation by his forces of Loudon Bridge, Kingston, and Knoxville, E. Tenn., and the capture a new steam-boat nearly finished
at Kingston, two locomotives and a number of cars at Knoxville, together with
a very considerable amount of army stores at various points. There was a brisk
skirmish at Loudon Bridge, where the enemy was strongly posted, but no serious opposition was made elsewhere to the advance of our troops. No news
from any other quarter, and but little current business in the Department.
P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 399-400.
September 2, 1863 - Letter from Captain R. S. Van Dyke [C. S. A. ] to Lieutenant John A.
Turly relative to action to be taken in the event of Federal advancements
in McMinn County
Athens Sep 2, 1863
Lt.:
If the Federals succeed in getting into our county I will establish a temporary
camp for our company in Charleston Tenn I will not go there tho' unless the
Yanks get here. You will please tell all the boys you see that they had better
report there to me if they are compelled to leave home. The Yanks are not
respecting our paroles but sending all to prison who they capture—I am by no
means frightened but from all I can learn this country will be exposed to raids
at least from the enemy—We had better camp at Charleston or some where
there so that we can at least save our horses. Let me hear from you immediately
if you get to Charleston before I do you can probably draw rations &c from
Post.
ResptR. S. Van Dyke Capt
Co "C" 1st Rg Ten Cav'y (C. S. A. )
W. P. A. Civil War Records, Vol. 2, p. 167.
September 2, 1863 - A Bolivar schoolgirl's worries about the Confederacy
I am in very bad spirits today about our Confederacy. Since Vicksburg has
fallen and the probability that Charleston and Mobile will share the same fate I
have been very low spirited.
Diary of Sally Wendel Fentress.
September 2, 1863 - Destruction of Loudon bridge by Confederates
No circumstantial reports filed.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 23
September 2, 1863
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 2, The Third Division moved to Poplar Creek. The Reserve Artillery to Poplar Creek. The Third Brigade, Fourth Division, to Lenoir's. The First
Brigade, Fourth Division, to Kingston. The enemy destroyed Loudon Bridge
upon his approach.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 577.
Sept. 2.-The enemy advanced this morning about 9 o'clock from Lenoir's Station. I was in the advance vedette at the time, and had the first shot at them. I
was several hundred yards in advance of the picket base, possibly nearly a half
mile, and was on my horse in the road. I had selected a spot where the bough of
a tree partly sheltered me from view, so that I might see the yankees before the
discovered me. A turn in the road brought the head of a cavalry column in
view, less than 100 yards from them, and I took deliberate aim with my rifle at
a front man and fired. He and his horse seemed to go down together, so the
chances are that the horse was killed and the rider escaped, which I regret. I
could see that they discovered me a moment before my gun fired, as their front
horses raised their heads and came to a stand-still. Instantly after my shot they
fired a volley at me, but they evidently forgot to take aim, for I never heard a
bullet. By that time Sparrow-hawk [his horse] was bringing me back to the
picket base as fast as his legs could move, and when I got there the men were
mounted and in line. We gave those yankees a good volley or two, which
checked them up, and they commenced their usual flank movements. We then
fell back past the intrenchments and crossed the river on the railroad bridge,
which had been floored over the top between the rails, for the use of the troops.
The enemy put himself in quick range from down river, and many shots were
fired at us while on the bridge, which is a very long one, and a number of shots
struck the bridge.
The enemy is in large force, while we have no troops here except our cavalry
brigade, and a small battery of flying artillery. Our troops are all gone south,
and we are bringing up the rear.
The bridge was fired as soon as we got across. Our battery opened on the
enemy from the south side of the river and did lively work for several hours.
Our men in the intrenchments, under Lieut. Col. Montgomery, fought them for
some time, and then fell back in good order and crossed the river in a ferryboat. The enemy could not get a battery in range of the boat until it was safely
rowed across the river; but they shelled the town, and set one house on fire.
The artillery fire was kept up for several hours from both sides, during which
time our picket squad was ordered back to the river to destroy the boat, which
the; men had neglected to do when they came across in it. We procured a number of axes and went to the place where the boat lay, but the officer in charge
having carefully examined the situation, decided that it was too hazardous an
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
undertaking, and would cost more lives than the old boat was worth; for in fact
the enemy was occupying the opposite bank of the river in great numbers, and
could have destroyed us all while we were chopping on that old flat. We then
fell back from Loudon, after seeing the finest bridge in Tennessee reduced to
ashes.
Diary of William A. Sloan, September 2, 1863.
September 2, 1863 - "The Civil Commission."
The destruction of all civil courts of law consequent upon the revolution in all
the public offices of the State Government left the people of Tennessee and
especially of Memphis without the means of legally enforcing their just claims.
Gen. Veatch perceived the difficulties under which the people were laboring;
and to obviate those difficulties as far as possible, he established the Court of
Civil Commission. The persons who were appointed under the order establishing the Court, immediately entered upon the discharge of their onerous duties;
numerous appeals from other tribunals were received, discussed and decided
upon by the eminent jurists who composed the Commission. Nearly three hundred cases were disposed of, and the claims of justice satisfied. It was not contemplated to try original claims; they did not assume the original jurisdiction,
but only appealed cases of litigation. Thus the Civil Commission proved its
usefulness in the absence of other courts of common law. We are very certain
that the Civil Commission has discharged the duties imposed upon them with
distinguished ability. And we are sure that the majority of our citizens are satisfied that the Commission has been a serviceable court in the absence of other
more constitutional tribunals. It will be remembered that we were without any
courts of common law when this court was established.
Memphis Bulletin, September 2, 1863.
September 2, 1863 - "Fiendish Outrage in South Memphis. An Attempt to Assassinate an
Old Citizen."
About 8 o'clock on Wednesday [2nd] night, a party of serenaders were passing
the residence of Mr. John H. Bain, an old citizen, who resides on Causey street,
and began to play. When the serenaders came along Mr. Bain was quietly reading. After they had played several airs, Mrs. Bain suggested they had better be
invited to come in. Acting upon the suggestion, Mr. Bain invited the serenaders
into his house. After they had been in the house a few minutes, he would have
a little something to "warm them up." So saying, he took a pitcher and started
out to provide something for his guests. As he went out at the gate he saw two
men standing near by. He, however, proceeded on his way without stopping to
speak to them. He had not gone but a few steps when one of the men asked him
if there was not a party at his house, at the same time signifying their wish to
go in. Mr. Bain told them there was not a party, but only a private serenade.
They asked him then if there was not a dance in the house. He told them there
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 25
September 2, 1863
was not, that it was only a party of gentlemen who had serenaded him, and that
he was then going to get something for them for them to drink, and proceeded
on his way. He had not gone far before one of the fired at him, the ball taking
effect in the back of his head, producing only a slight wound, the ball glancing
off but cutting rather an ugly gash on the back of his head. The villain then
closed on Mr. Bain and gave him a severe choking. Mr. Bain, however, made a
desperate effort, and freeing himself from them, called loudly for the police.
The villains, thinking it a very unbecoming place to remain at, fled, leaving
Mr. Bain bleeding from his wounds. The rascals have not yet been apprehended. Mr. Bain is an old citizen, and an honest, who make a living by honorable toil. It is to be hoped that the villains may yet be brought to justice. The
serenaders, who were in Mr. Bain's house, were acquaintances of his, and cannot be chargeable with complicity in the diabolical attempt upon Mr. Bain.
Memphis Bulletin, September 4, 1863.
September 2, 1863 - The junction of the Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama state lines, salt
petre mines, picket, potatoes, pies and chickens; Bliss Morse's letter home
from Shellmound, Tennessee
Dear Mother,
I received your letter of the 18th Aug. the 25. I have delayed answering it until
we moved to this place. Yesterday we left Jasper where we had stayed for ten
days, and after a dusty march of seven miles, crossed the Tenn. river on flat
boats. Our camp is at a R. R. station on the river. The corner of the Tenn., Ala.,
and Geo. lines join here and before I leave the place I am going to straddle
them. This place takes its name from the large deposits of shells in the banks
and hills around. I have been today in one of the Salt petre caves—which has
been worked by the rebel gov't. The mouth of it is fifty feet high and near an
hundred long, and it extends in to the mountain several miles. The walls and
roof are quite smooth and regular. There is a stream of water which runs
through it or in it and the boys sailed a mile or more in it. We had to take
torches to light the way. It was very smoky with so many torches burning. We
followed the path made with planks over deep chasms to where the salt-petre is
dug. They did it out and wheel it to the leaches where it is put in leaches like an
ash leach and it is leached out of the dirt—and then the lye is boiled down in
kettles. All the leaches are in the mouth of the cave, and there is enough to
cover an acre. The works are destroyed so far as doing the rebels good. There
are coal mines here from which the rebels get a great amount of coal. All the
buildings there are at this place is the depot building, and that is nearly demolished by shells thrown in to it by our battery from the other side of the river, as
our forces were going to cross. There are seven flat-boats at this ford on which
our division crossed, cannon, wagons, mules, and all. Our Reg[iment]. Did not
all come yesterday, seen of the Cos. came her last Sund. Our Co. and G. and I
were left a Jasper to picket—and to provost guard. We have had potatoes,
green corn, and apples to eat—besides onion, squashes, and peaches. Green
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
corn is getting too hard for us now and we do not expect to get much beside our
rations for a side dish. We have swapped our extra rations of sugar and coffee
with the citizens for potatoes, pies, and chickens, which they were anxious to
get in exchange.
I have seen since I left Murfreesboro that which would well pay to make a
journey. I have passed over some of the finest mountain scenery in the state, its
coal, petre and nitre mines, beside many of its noted springs and caves. Yet we
might have looked at them with more pleasure if we had seen them under other
circumstances.
Sometimes we have been so weary as to care nothing about the sights. Today
two squads of rebels numbering fifty were marched to headquarters, and we
expect what the conscripts say that there will be many who will desert and
come it our lines. There are many conscripts we have talked with who have
laid in the mountains since winter.
~~~
Bliss Morse
Diaries of Bliss Morse.
September 2, 1863 - News of Mrs. Clara Judd's Release from Federal Prison
Mrs. Judd, of Nashville, Tennessee, who has been confined in the Alton military prison for some time on the charge of being a spy, has been paroled to the
limits of the State of Minnesota, there to remain during the war.
Memphis Appeal [Atlanta, Georgia] September 2, 1863.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: As cited in: http://www.uttyl.edu/vbetts.
September 2, 1863 - September 20, 1863 - Operations of the First Division, U. S. Army,
Chattanooga environs
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood, U. S. Army, commanding First Division, covering activities in Tennessee from August 16, 1863
to September 20, 1863, relative to activities from September 2 to September to
September 20, 1863.
HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, 21ST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, East Tenn.,
September 29, 1863.
~~~
Late in the afternoon of the 2d I received an order to send one of my brigades
to Shellmound to cross the Tennessee River. The First Brigade was immediately put in motion under this order, and under the skillful management of Col.
Buell was thrown across the river rapidly, and without accident, during the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 27
September 2, 1863
night. Early in the morning of the 3d I moved with the Third Brigade, and the
ammunition and ambulance trains, to the crossing and with the energetic and
judicious assistance of Col. Harker had everything passed rapidly across without accident. I remained encamped at Shellmound till Saturday afternoon, the
5th, awaiting orders, the delay being occasioned by the necessity of waiting for
the arrival of the supply train, which had been sent to cross the river at Bridgeport.
During the afternoon of the 5th I received an order to move, with the two brigades of my division with me, via Whiteside's and the River road, to the junction of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railway with the Trenton and
Chattanooga Railroad, for the purpose of observing and threatening the enemy
posted on the spur of Lookout Mountain. I advanced as far as Whiteside's Saturday afternoon and evening. Early Sunday morning I continued to advance,
Harker's brigade leading. Soon very light parties of the enemy were encountered, but they rapidly fell back before my sturdy, onward movement, though
the country through which my line of march led me is most favorable to a prolonged and obstinate resistance by a small force.
Crossing Raccoon Mountain, I descended into Lookout Mountain Valley, and
then followed down the valley northward to the junction of the two railways.
As I moved down the valley the enemy's signal stations on the crest of Lookout
Mountain were in full and perfect view, evidently watching my advance, and
actively communicating the result of their observations to the rear. At the junction of the railways my command was about 2 to 21/2 miles from the enemy's
advanced works, but the outposts and pickets were much nearer to each other;
in fact, in hearing distance. As I was well aware that the enemy had been able
to learn from his signal stations with very close approximate correctness the
strength of my command, and hence would most probably be disposed to take
advantage of my inferiority of force to attempt to crush me by a sudden blow, I
immediately made the best possible dispositions to foil such an effort. In making these dispositions I soon became convinced of the utter untenableness of
the position at the junction of the railways for an inferior force, to receive an
attack from a superior one. The position is entirely open, capable of being
assailed simultaneously in front, on both flanks, and in the rear. I was well satisfied that I was in the immediate proximity of a very large force of the enemy
(which could be still further swelled in very short time). This information I had
gained satisfactorily during my advance, and it was strengthened and corroborated during the afternoon and early evening of the 6th. At 2 p. m. I communicated to the corps commander my position, 7 miles from Chattanooga (being at
the junction of the railway), informed him of my immediate proximity to the
enemy, and attempted to describe briefly the obstacles which barred my farther
progress to Chattanooga.
At 4 p. m. I communicated to him the result of further observations and some
facts omitted in my note of 2 p. m. In my note of 2 p. m. I suggested that he
should move part of the force immediately with him to cover my rear from a
reverse attack. This he declined to do on the ground of a want of authority; and
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
indicated that in case I should be attacked by a superior force, I should have to
fall back on him; also indicating that if I should have to retreat, I had better do
so by the Trenton road. I had already opened communication with him by that
road. Not intending to retreat except as a matter of the last and direst extremity,
and as the evidences continued to thicken and multiply during the evening, that
I would be attacked in heavy force early next morning. I determined to shift my
command a mile and a half to the rear, to a very strong and highly defensible
position, in which I was satisfied I could maintain myself against almost any
odds for a long time and if finally overpowered could draw off my command to
the rear. From this position I could maintain my communication by the Trenton
road with the force immediately with the corps commander.
The movement was commenced at 10 p. m., the 6th, and made with perfect
success, though my pickets were at the time in hearing of the enemy's pickets.
My command was thus safely extricated from immediate imminent danger. I
learned satisfactorily during the afternoon of the 6th that the spur of Lookout
Mountain was held by Cheatham's division, supported immediately in rear by
Hindman's (late Withers') division, being the whole of Lieut.-Gen. Polk's
corps. My two small brigades confronted this force.
About 8 a. m. in the morning of the 7th I received a copy of a communication
addressed by the commanding general to the corps commander, saying that he
thought it would be safe (judging from some indications he had obtained of the
movements of the enemy) to threaten the enemy on the spur of Lookout Mountain with a part of my force. This communication the corps commander
appears to have interpreted into an order to make a reconnaissance force, and
accordingly ordered that I should make such a reconnaissance without loss of
time. I accordingly commenced at once to make my preparations for making
the reconnaissance, and actually made it at the earliest possible moment compatible with the safety of my command and the assurance of the success of the
reconnaissance itself.
As the results of the reconnaissance have hitherto been reported, I will not
recapitulate them. After taking the necessary precautions to insure, as far as
possible, the safety of the command to be engaged in the reconnaissance and
the success of the reconnaissance, I committed the conduct of it to that gallant
and accomplished officer, Col. Harker, commanding the Third Brigade of my
division. I instructed him to proceed with the utmost circumspection, but to
force his command as near to the enemy's position as he might deem prudent.
At this point I was, of course, compelled to submit to his judgment. It affords
me the greatest satisfaction to record in a permanent official manner that Col.
Harker conducted the reconnaissance in exact conformity to my wishes and
instructions. Securing well his flanks and rear from being assailed without
timely notice, he drove his solid line to within some thousand yards of the
enemy's batteries (and his line of skirmishers to within some 600 yards),
whence twelve guns opened on him, and then drew off his command with the
loss of but one man. I know no parallel in military history to this reconnais-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 29
September 2, 1863
sance. My command being much jaded and worn by the labors of the several
preceding days, I allowed it to rest during the 8th, but I was on the alert to gain
information of the movements and designs of the enemy. Near nightfall I
obtained some information which led me to suspect the enemy was evacuating
Chattanooga, but the indications were by no means positive. With a view to
verify, this information, I addressed a note to the corps commander, informing
him that I had observed some mysterious indications on the part of the enemy,
of which I proposed to compel a development by a reconnaissance in force
early next morning. During the night I received a reply to my note, saying the
corps commander could not approve the making of the reconnaissance on
account of some indications of a general movement of the army, but that he
would refer the note to the commanding general. Confidently believing the
commanding general would approve my proposition to make the reconnaissance, I held my command in readiness for the movement. In the meantime
Gen. Wagner, having with him the Second Brigade of my division, had
received information on the north side of the river that the enemy was evacuating Chattanooga. The information having been communicated to the commanding general of the army, an order was dispatched to me to move command
to Chattanooga, prepared for a vigorous pursuit of the enemy.
This agreeable order was joyfully obeyed, and in a very few minutes my command was in rapid motion. Between my late camp in Lookout Mountain Valley
and the spur of the mountain my command was overtaken by the Ninety-second Illinois Mounted Infantry, commanded by Col. Atkins, who informed me
he had been ordered to press forward to Chattanooga with all haste, to secure
any property the enemy might have left behind, and to discover something of
his lines of retreat. I allowed his regiment to pass my command but on the spur
of the mountain I overtook the regiment, halted, when the colonel informed me
that the enemy's skirmishers outflanked his, and his farther progress was
debarred. I immediately threw forward the Twenty-sixth Ohio, Lieut.-Col.
Young commanding, to the right and higher up the mountain side than the skirmishers of Col. Atkins extended, and rapidly drove the enemy's skirmishers
from the mountain side. No further opposition was encountered in occupying
Chattanooga, and the Ninety-second Illinois pushed rapidly into the town, followed by my First and Third Brigades. The Second Brigade crossed from the
north side of the river during the afternoon and evening of the 9th.
The colors of the Ninety-seventh Ohio, of the Second Brigade of my division
were the first planted on the works of Chattanooga, having been brought across
the river by a few men in a small boat early in the morning. Thus was this great
strategic position, the long-sought goal, gained to us and occupied by our
troops. Placing myself as soon as possible after the occupation in communication with the most intelligent and reliable citizens, I learned that a portion of
the enemy's troops had retreated by the Cove road, and that the remainder, with
the baggage and material of war, had retreated by the Rossville and La Fayette
road. I was informed further, that Buckner's command which had been posted
at Tyner's Station on the railway, had retreated by Johnson toward Ringgold,
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 2, 1863
but I subsequently learned he did not go so far eastward as Ringgold, but
passed through Graysville and thence to La Fayette. The bulk of these facts I
reported to the commander of the corps immediately on his arrival, and by him
I am informed they were communicated to the commanding general.
My division remained in Chattanooga till the morning of the 10th. I then
received an order to detail one brigade to occupy the town, and move with the
other two in pursuit of the enemy by the Rossville and Ringgold road. The Second Brigade was detailed to remain in Chattanooga. . .
~~~
Between midnight and daylight of the morning of the 20th I received an order
to move my command to a position on the slope of Missionary Ridge, to be
held there as part of the reserve of the army in the coming conflict of the morning. The movement was quietly and successfully made. In the early morning I
was directed to move my division eastward from the slope of Missionary
Ridge and take the position hitherto occupied by Negley's division, keeping my
left in constant communication with Gen. Brannan's right. Col. Barnes' brigade, of Van Cleve's division, was ordered to report to me for service during
the day. Placing his brigade on the left, Harker's in the center and Buell's on the
right (the whole formed in two lines, the front one deployed, the second one in
double column closed en masse, with their batteries following and supporting),
I advanced my command and occupied the position assigned. In doing so I met
with no opposition from the enemy.
I was instructed not to invite an attack, but to be prepared to repel any effort of
the enemy. In throwing out skirmishers to cover my front I aroused the enemy,
and had quite a sharp affair with him. By a very imprudent advance of his regiment, done without an order, Col. Bartleson (moving himself in advance of his
troops) was shot from his horse, and either killed or very severely wounded; it
was impossible to decide which, on account of the proximity of the place
where he fell to the enemy's lines. He was an accomplished and gallant officer,
and a high-toned, pure-minded gentleman. His loss is a serious disadvantage to
his regiment and to the service.
The position my command them occupied closed gap in our lines between
Sheridan's left and Brannan's right. Although I had not been at all seriously
engaged at any time during the morning, I was well satisfied the enemy was in
considerable force in my immediate front. Consequently I was extremely vigilant. Such was the status of the battle in my immediate vicinity when I received
the following order:
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, September 20-10.45 a.
m.
Brig.-Gen. WOOD, Comdg. Division, &c.:
The general commanding directs that you close up on Reynolds as fast as possible and support him.
Respectfully, &c.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 31
September 3, 1863
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 626-643.
September 3, 1863 - "Suddenly Vacated"
The old brick building near the Depot on North Market street, at one time the
property of the Catholic Church and residence of the Bishop, was yesterday
emptied of its occupants, ten or fifteen Irish families. By order of General R. S.
Granger, it is to be converted into a hospital for the reception of valetudinarian
females from the unhealthy purlieus of Smoky [Row]. The building is well
adapted for an infirmary; but we fear its selection for such a purpose, located as
it is in the centre of a highly respectable neighborhood, will not meet with the
cordial approval of our citizens thereabouts.
The ousted families were placed in a most awkward and unpleasant situation
by the suddenness of their removal by the guard. We happened to see them just
after the detail had finished the job of "casting out." their heterogeneous mass
of furniture. The poor men, women and children, some of them invalids,
looked truly pitiable-many of them having neither money nor friends, and all
of them puzzled to know what to do, or where to go. We hope their condition
will be ameliorated by the authorities.
Nashville Daily Press, September 4, 1863.
September 3, 1863 - Confederate reconnaissance, Bristol to Jonesborough environs
•See September 3, 1863--Confederate report on conditions in East Tennessee
September 3, 1863 - Confederate report on conditions in East Tennessee
HDQRS. FOURTH BRIGADE, DEPT. OF EAST TENNESSEE, Bristol,
Tenn., September 3, 1863.
Hon. JAMES A. SEDDON, Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.:
SIR: I have the honor to communicate to you, through Hon. Joseph B.
Heiskell, member of Congress, the fact that the recent withdrawal of the forces
from upper East Tennessee has thrown the loyal citizens of that section into a
most deplorable state of consternation and dismay, and that they are fleeing
with their families and movable effects into every direction before large and
numerous bands of marauding bushwhackers and tories, which are assembling
all over the country, committing the most brutal murders and the most wanton
destruction of property every day and every night.
It will be infinitely easier to hold this section of country now than to reoccupy
it after having been entirely abandoned to the enemy. I have been ordered by
Maj.-Gen. Buckner to report with my command to Gen. Williams, at Bristol.
Page 32 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 3, 1863
He and myself have just returned from a reconnaissance to the neighborhood
of Jonesborough, Tenn., and concur in the opinion that 5,000 additional troops
will be necessary to hold the country on the most advantageous line, which we
think is that between Morristown and Cumberland Gap, and the railroad, public works, and stores between Knoxville and this point. Our joint force is
wholly inadequate to this purpose or even for the protection of the salt-works
against any large force.
Large raiding parties are continually crossing the Cumberland Mountains,
burning bridges and destroying property, and a Federal force of cavalry now
occupies Knoxville, part of which has advanced as far as Morristown, capturing the town with telegraph superintendent and telegraph operator, having thus
cut me off from Gen. Buckner's command, from whom I have heretofore
received support, and intercepted telegraphic communication with Gen. Frazer
at Cumberland Gap. The section thus evacuated abounds in supplies of forage
and subsistence and iron-works, all of which are indispensable to the good of
the cause; to secure which I respectfully and earnestly solicit your earliest possible compliance with this application for the above-mentioned number of reenforcements.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. E. JACKSON, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 589.
September 3, 1863 - Sixth and Third East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry officers (U. S. )
threaten to resign rather than be under the command of Brigadier-General James G. Spears
McMINNVILLE, TENN., September 3, 1863.
Maj. Gen. W. S. ROSECRANS, U. S. Army, Comdg. Army of the Cumberland:
SIR: We, the undersigned officers composing the Third Brigade, Third Division, Reserve Corps, Army of the Cumberland, would most respectfully beg
that you would relieve us of Brig.-Gen. SpearsNOTE 1, who, we are informed, is
to command us, who, by his former tyranny and ungentlemanly conduct
toward us, his subordinate officers, rendered him more than useless for doing
good in that cause which you have done so much to bring to a successful issue.
Since his return to Carthage the dissatisfaction is so great that, in the opinion of
you humble petitioners, six weeks with him commanding will deplete the brigade by demoralization. He has also threatened that any officer offering his
resignation shall be placed under arrest and the communication stopped: also
that the Tennesseeans (loyal soldiers) would see hell. We would therefore humbly pray that you in your official capacity may see proper or fit to assign the
command to either of our colonels, or should you think it best to send us some
other officer and gentleman, we will cheerfully discharge our duties as officers
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 33
September 3, 1863
and soldiers. We have the utmost confidence in your judgment and discretion
after the fact is known to you that Brig. Gen. James G. Spears does not enjoy
the confidence of either officers or soldiers, feeling that from your well-known
philanthropic and Christian principle we will not have plead in vain.
And believe us, general, we have the honor to remain, your well-wishing and
obedient servants, Joseph A. Cooper, colonel Sixth East Tennessee Volunteer
Infantry; A. Marion Gamble, major Sixth East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry;
Thomas D. Edington, captain Company A, Sixth East Tennessee Volunteer
Infantry; William W. Dunn, second lieutenant Company A, Sixth Regt. East
Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; James M. Armstrong, first lieutenant Company
B, Sixth East Tennessee Infantry; Thomas A. Smith, second lieutenant Company B, Sixth Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; William, L. Lea, captain Company C, Sixth Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; William
Ausmus, captain Company E, Sixth Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry;
Isom L. Meyers, first lieutenant Company E, Sixth East Tennessee Volunteer
Infantry; Archable Myers, captain Company F, Sixth Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; John H. Claiborn, first lieutenant Company F, Sixth Regt. East
Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; Edward Maynard, lieutenant-colonel Sixth East
Tennessee Volunteers; G. W. McMillin, surgeon Fifth East Tennessee Volunteer
Infantry; Albert T. Lea, assistant surgeon Fifth East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; William Cross, colonel Third East Tennessee; William M. Sawyers, lieutenant-colonel Third Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; James L.
Ledgerwood, captain Company F, Third Regt. East Tennessee Volunteers;
James Clapp, first lieutenant Company F, Third Regt. East Tennessee Volunteers; L. B. Gamble, second lieutenant Company G, Third Regt. East Tennessee
Volunteers; Thomas McNish, captain Company B, Third Regt. East Tennessee
Volunteer Infantry; John H. Cross, captain Company C, Third Regt. East Tennessee Volunteers; Samuel Black, first lieutenant Company C, Third Regt. East
Tennessee Volunteers; William C. Robinson, first lieutenant Company D,
Third Regt., commanding Company D; James G. Roberts, captain Company H,
Third Regt. East Tennessee Volunteer Infantry; Joseph H. Blackburn, captain,
commanding Company A, First Middle Tennessee Cavalry; W. L. Hathaway,
first lieutenant Company A, First Middle Tennessee Cavalry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 330-331.
NOTE 1: Brigadier-General James Gallant Spears, a native of Bledsoe County, Tennessee, was later arrested on February 6, 1864, on charges that he stated that
the Emancipation Proclamation was illegal and unconstitutional. He was a
slave owner. He was subsequently court martialed. The verdict, on August
30, 1864, found him guilty-he refused to resign and so was dismissed. See:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 32, pt. I, p. 52 and Ezra J. Warner, Generals in Blue: Lives
of the Union Commanders, (Baton Rouge: LSU Press, 1995), pp. 466-467.
Page 34 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 3, 1863
September 3, 1863 - Scouts and horse "thievery" at Jonesborough environs
SEPTEMBER 3, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. BURNSIDE, Knoxville:
A reliable citizen has just been in my office, bringing information of the
enemy. He lives 20 miles from here and 8 miles to the left of Jonesborough; he
left home at 4 o'clock this morning. He is an old citizen, whose judgment and
reliability are well vouched for. He says the force of the enemy is about 3, 500,
of which 2, 500 are mounted; that they are stationed this side of Jonesborough,
with pickets reaching from the Chucky River up as far as Graysburg and Fall
Branch, covering a front of almost 20 miles; that they are making as large a
display as possible to deceive us; that they do not intend to fight us, but behind
this line of pickets, and as much in front of it as possible, they are stealing all
the horses they can lay their hands upon, and mounting their men; that they
have mounted about 1,000 since they came down to Jonesborough; that the
Sixteenth Georgia Battalion is in the vicinity of Fall Branch, with a large number of good horses, and that this force could be easily captured or scattered;
that the enemy could be easily drawn back by our advancing; that their principal object is plunder; that they expect to hold us in check long enough to
accomplish their object by displaying a bold front and exaggerating their numbers.
My scouts sent out last night have not yet returned. They should be in soon
unless captured. I hope to have sufficiently reliable information in a few hours
to warrant you in ordering my advance upon the enemy directly in front, or my
movement in their rear, which I think will be the more successful. At the
moment we go forward in force, the enemy will fall back, and, if we press
them, will retreat too rapidly for our horses to check them. I have never
doubted my ability either to capture or drive them out of the State, notwithstanding their exaggerated reports, if my cavalry could be actively employed,
because I did not think them largely re-enforced, but in the absence of definite
information, I may have made a mistake.
I will communicate with you again as soon as I get further information. If the
above statement is correct, I am anxious to break up and rid the State of the
horse-thieves.
JOHN W. FOSTER.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 336-337.
September 3, 1863 - Federal ambush at Wolf River in La Fayette environs
GERMANTOWN, September 4, 1863.
Lieut. S. L. WOODWARD, Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen., Cavalry Division:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 35
September 3, 1863
The Seventh Illinois ambushed the river in the vicinity of La FayetteNOTE 1 last
night. Capt. Webster, of that regiment, reports that he thinks 20 or 30 crossed in
the vicinity of Moscow about 12 or 1 o'clock. The river is fordable in so many
places it is difficult to entirely cover it.
EDWARD HATCH, Col., Comdg. Third Brigade, Cavalry Division.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 338.
NOTE 1: Today the only town named La Fayette is in Macon County, in Middle Tennessee. In the Civil War it shared its name with what appears to have been
a stop on the Memphis and Charleston railroad, between Collierville and
Moscow, and apparently in La Fayette County.
September 3, 1863 - Occupation of Loudon by Federal forces and situation report
HDQRS. SECOND DIVISION, TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Loudon,
Tenn., September 4, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. HARTSUFF, Comdg. Twenty-third Army Corps:
GEN.: I have the honor to state that, according to your orders, I occupied this
place on yesterday, and have placed the Forty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Mounted
Infantry and the One hundred and eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with the
Twenty-fourth Indiana Battery, on the south side of the river, the remainder of
the division being encamped on the north side. So soon as a bridge or other
facilities for rapid crossing can be constructed, it will be proper, I presume, to
throw the bulk of the command across. There is part of the materials for a pontoon-bridge, prepared by the rebels, lying on the bank of the river, and, with a
competent engineer, I could soon have a bridge. Can you send down one?
We have found 130 sacks salt, a few horses, mules, and beef-cattle, left by the
enemy, all which will be duly accounted for by the proper officers. I shall find
a considerable amount of wheat and corn belonging to rebels and some to
union men in this vicinity. I have just sent several hundred bushels wheat to the
steam mill in Loudon, which is in running order, and capable of making twice
as much flour per diem as this command will consume. There is also a cornmill not far distant. I expect to issue flour to-morrow.
A detachment from the Forty-fifth Ohio has been sent to a point about 15 miles
distant on the railroad, where a quantity of arms and quartermaster's goods
were said to be left by the rebels.
The defenses erected by the enemy are very extensive; entirely too extensive
for occupation by my command. Some will be demolished, others, that are
available for us, will be occupied. Those on the south side of the river have a
southern front, and are quite strong. We are in them.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 3, 1863
JULIUS WHITE, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 359.
September 3, 1863 - Anxieties about the war in Cleveland
. . . The house is in such a confusion I cannot sleep, we are looking for the
Yanks. The Cavalry is passing through continuously en route for Chattanooga.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 3, 1863 - "Collision between the Citizens and Guerrillas."
From parties arriving in the city from the interior we have gathered interesting
particulars of the state of affairs in almost every part of West Tennessee.
The long expected uprising of the people against the marauding bands of guerrillas, who have been the pest of the land, has at last taken place, and collisions
between them are of almost daily occurrence. There is the greatest possible
feeling of animosity existing between the opposing parties. In Tipton county
the ball was put in motion by the cold-blooded murder by Field's men, of Mr.
Hamp Davis. The circumstances attending this atrocious act were of such a
nature as to excite the people to prepare to avenge it. Many of the most respectable citizens of the county were the most active members of the new organization for the preservation of the lives and property of the defenseless citizens
against he depredations of the guerrilla thieves. The guerrillas, understanding
that the people were preparing to have vengeance for the insults which they
had heaped upon them, thought that discretion was the better part of valor, and
fled the country. At a later period, however, they returned to another part of the
county, and signalized themselves by shooting three inoffensive negroes
belonging to Dr. Robert Peete, who resides near the Memphis and Ohio railroad, between Mason and Stanton depots. Finding, however, that their position,
if caught, would be none of the best, the again left the county leaving Tipton
County comparatively free from prowling thieves. In Haywood county there
were several small bands of thieving bandits who assumed to rule the county,
and were amusing themselves by exercising the most outrageous insolence
toward the people. Such a state of affairs could not last long-the citizens had
borne with them till forbearance ceased to be a virtue. Several companies of
home guards were organized, and went in pursuit of the bandits, of whom they
captured three, when near the village of Cageville. It was thought that these
three men whose names are SAM GREY, ALEXANDER WAYLOR and B. L.
BAGBY, who have made notorious by their unbridled conduct, would be shot
by the enraged home guard.
In Hardeman county, they are having a rather troublesome time. There, too, the
people had formed home guard companies for the purpose of protecting themselves against the guerrillas. Last week the guerrilla captured three of the home
guards near the old battle ground on the Hatchie, and shot them. This was the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 37
September 3, 1863
signal for the home guards to prepare to take vengeance for their murdered
comrades. They went in pursuit of the thieves, of whom they succeeded in capturing six; of these, three, who had rendered themselves particularly obnoxious, were hanged by the outraged citizens who had suffered so much at their
hands.
Memphis Bulletin, September 3, 1863.
September 3, 1863 - Anti-Guerrilla Groups Form in West Tennessee Counties
West Tennessee is beginning to awake from its long and disastrous sleep. For a
year past guerrilla and thieving bands have run over and pillaged her fair territory and destroyed the subsistence of her people. This ruinous system is now
about to receive its quietus. We have information that the people everywhere
are inquiring the mode and measure of their redress, and they will soon find out
a remedy adequate to the evil. That remedy is resistance, determined and persistent. Already we learn that a regiment for the Federal army has been formed
in Madison County. Three other are in process of formation in McNairy, and
one company has been formed in Dyer, and others are forming in other portions of West Tennessee. Beside these, we hear of “Home guards” in process of
formation in several other counties, designed for the protection of the people
still remaining. These are all steps in the right direction, and must be attended
with the best possible results. Our country people cannot too soon understand
that they must in [the] future procure exemption from outrage and plunder by
taking their own defenses into their own hands.
Memphis Bulletin, September 3, 1863.
September 3, 1863 - Guerrilla activity in the Memphis environs
A country friend, who resides some twelve miles out, complained very bitterly
to us the other day, that parties of three and four came to his inclosure on Sunday last [August 30] and shot his hogs. Others [took] their cows and wantonly
killed [them]. These outrages are attributed by our informant to the Federal soldiers quite as a matter of course, but they are more likely to have been done by
the gang of deserters from both armies, and by gangs of marauding citizens
whom the civilians have turned into vagabond thieves.
Be that as it may, the remedy our friend suggests cannot be adopted. The Federal Government can never be a police to watch every country by-path, and
guard every man's henroost. The idea is preposterous. The people must combine in loyal bands and protect their own property.
It is asked, how can this be done, seeing that the Government has disarmed
them all? We reply that whenever a proper movement occurs, having a loyal
basis and made up of unconditional supporters of the Government, no doubt
the arms will be furnished. But where has such a movement yet commenced in
Shelby county? Probably the society called "the Strong Band," which is now in
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September 3, 1863
active exercise here, would afford a good basis for such a movement. At all
events, our informant must know that the Government has got other uses for its
soldiers than acting as detachments to guard private property throughout the
country, and while we depreciate all outrages by strolling soldiers, we cannot
but see that they constitute the more unfortunate accompaniment of civil war.
Memphis Bulletin, September 3, 1863.
September 3, 1863 - "WEST TENNESSEE"
Is beginning to awake from its long and disastrous sleep. For a year past guerrilla and thieving bands have run over and pillaged her fair territory and
destroyed the substance of her people. This ruinous system is now about to
receive its quietus. We have information that the people everywhere are inquiring the mode and measure of their redress, and they will soon find out a remedy adequate to the evil. That remedy is resistance, determined and persistent.
Already we learn that a regiment for the Federal army, has been formed in
Madison county. Three others are in process of formation in McNairy, and one
company has been formed in Dyer, and others are forming in other portions of
West Tennessee. Beside these, we hear of "home guards" in process of formation in several other counties, designed for the protection of the people still
remaining. These are all steps in the right direction, and must be attended with
the best possible results. Our country people cannot too soon understand that
they must in [the] future procure exemption from outrage and slander by taking
their own defense into their own hands.
Memphis Bulletin, September 3, 1863.
September 3, 1863 - September 6, 1863 - "LATE FROM KNOXVILLE TENN."
EAST TENNESSEE DELIVERED
Great Enthusiasm of the People
The Knoxville Bulletin on the Situation
A letter from Knoxville, dated the 5th furnished the following interesting
report of the enthusiastic reception of Burnside at Knoxville:
At four o'clock P. M., September 3d Gen Burnside made his
ENTRY INTO KNOXVILLE
And if his reception on the road was enthusiastic, what shall I say of his reception in Knoxville. On his appearance on the outskirts the news of his arrival
spread, and everybody, rich and poor, the lame and the halt, rushed out to
greete him. It was no vulgar curiosity to see a man famous in the world's history—it was the greeting of an oppressed people to their deliverer.
Uncovered and at a slow pace the General rode through the streets to the residence of John H. Crozier, a rebel who had departed for Dixie, and which has
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 39
September 3, 1863
been appropriated for his headquarters. His progress was momentarily
impeded by the rushing of men to his horse's side to seize him by the hand and
say "God bless you." On arrival at headquarters, a large crown assembled in
the yard and were clamorous for speeches. Brigadier General S. P. Carter, a
native of West Tennessee, a soldier of merit, and a gentleman in every sense of
the word, came forward, and in a few words of manly eloquence congratulated
them on their deliverance. In response to repeated calls, General Burnside then
appeared and said that, although his profession was arms and not speaking, yet
he would take the occasion to say that from the moment he took command of
the Department of the Ohio, it had been his fervent wish to lead an army into
East Tennessee, to their deliverance; and he took great pleasure in saying that
he had come with means sufficient, with their assistance, to hold the country
permanently and securely.
The General then retired, amid great cheering, and Gen Shackelford followed,
in a strain of intense patriotism. He said plainly that Gen. Burnside had hinted,
and told the crowd that we had come with arms in the wagons—a declaration
which brought forth a cheer lustier than any of its predecessors. After that
shout it was lunacy, to doubt that East Tennessee was disenthralled.
On the conclusion of Gen. Shackleford's speech, the garrison flag of the United
States was flung from the portico, and the crowd rushed up and seized it in
their hands, many of them pressing it to their lips. O, that the scoffers and revilers at the North could have seen that sight. Had he who is ensconced under the
aegis of the British Lion have witnessed it, the sight might have brought the
blush of shame to his cheeks.
While this was passing at headquarters, our troops had been waylaid all over
the city, and carried off by violence, to be feasted, with out money and without
price on the best the land afforded. Not officers, merely their bounteous hospitality knew no difference in rank, among their deliverers. A Federal uniform
was not only a passport to an excellent supper, but a sure sign that the wearer
must go somewhere and eat with somebody. In a word, those of my readers
who recollect the generous welcome extended to the volunteers of the North,
during the first days of the war can have some faint conception of the reception
accorded the Army of the Ohio in Knoxville.
CAPTURES.
Having been small, and of little importance in comparison with the strategic
advantage gained by the occupation of this place; still they are worth of mention. We got, here, three locomotives and a large number of cars, most of them
for freight, and the railroad machine shop at this point, well stocked with material and in excellent order. The locomotives have been busily engaged all day
in bringing down a large train captured this morning at Flat Bush creek, twelve
miles northeast [of Knoxville], on the East Tennessee and Virginia [rail]road.
THE FUTURE.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 3, 1863
General Carter was to-day, by, General Order No. 9, announced as Provost
Marshal General of the District of East Tennessee, with headquarters at Knoxville. As yet, but few of the small number of secession residents of this section,
have been arrested and the policy of General Burnside, in regard to them, has
not been developed with sufficient clearness to hazard speculation on the subject. His past history, however, gives the assurance that their days of treasonplotting are over, in this section, at least.
Our troops are still in motion to the northeast, but I apprehend it will not be
very far for a few days, and final terminus in that direction of our march can be
conjectured in Cincinnati as easily here.
AN OMISSION.
And an important one. Knoxville was occupied by our forces before the arrival
of General Burnside. The first entry was made by a brigade of General Hartsuff's corps, commanded by Colonel J. W. Foster, of the 65th Indiana, on the
afternoon of the 1st of September. The reception given Colonel Foster was the
counterpart of that extended to General Burnside, in every particular. These
people never weary in manifestations of devotion to the Union.
Knoxville, Sept. 6, 1863.
News positive of the last two day's does not amount to much. Rumors innumerable are flying about the streets. It seems to be certain, however, that we
hold the railroad, in good running order, toward [the] Virgina line, to Bristol;
and toward Chattanooga, to Loudon Bridge - thirty nine miles. Our forces are
continually on the move, here and there over the country, and it is somewhat
hard to follow them.
All headquarters are here—Generals Hartsuff, Burnside and Carter having all
domiciliated themselves with an eye to permanency.
Gen. G_____'s brigade, or rather a portion of it—are here; some have gone
north toward Cumberland Gap, some are at Morristown, Loudon Bridge,
Strawberry Plains, and other points; but it is possible events may call for a concentration in a few days.
There was a very large meeting of the citizens of Knoxville and surrounding
country yesterday [5th] afternoon. Col. Baxter, of this place, made the principal speech, but said nothing of any great importance being congratulatory in its
nature. Gen. Burnside made a speech but said nothing of what he had
announced on his speech on his arrival.
We have obtained here, altogether, five locomotives in excellent order and of
great power. Three of them belong to the East Tennessee and Virginia road.
The cars left here only numbered six or seven, but our rapid movement picked
up a couple of trains at Morristown, and the locomotive at Jonesboro, is not
gone up to Bristol to bring down a large number captured here.
The people of this section have commenced organizing for home defense, and
the raider will find a different field here for his exploits than Kentucky has
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 41
September 3, 1863
been and much harder to operate in. Several gentlemen have also opened
recruiting stations at various points in the country, including Knoxville, for the
United States regiments, and are meeting with good success. East Tennessee
will take care of herself.
From the Knoxville Bulletin of Sept. 5.
The first number of the Bulletin marks the regeneration of East Tennessee. A
loyal and long suffering people have welcomed their deliverers, and now, sheltered by the stars and stripes, the homes and families of a patriotic race are safe
from the outrages of the oppressor. From the caves and thickets of the mountains, the victims of a cruel tyranny have come to greet their deliverers, and to
join with them in ridding the earth of the foulest blot on God's creation
Memphis Bulletin, September 20, 1863.
The Official Report of the Capture of Knoxville and Kingston
Headquarters Department of Ohio
Near Loudon Bridge, Tenn.,
Maj. Gen. W. W. Halleck, General in Chief:
I have the honor to inform you that our forces now occupy Knoxville, Kingston
and other important points.
Gen. Hartsuff's corps, after the concentrating of which I notified you, moved
forward. Gen. Carters' cavalry division of that corps preceded the corps in
three columns, under command of Gen Shackleford, on Loudon Bridge; one
under Col. Bird, on Kingston; one under Col. Foster, on Knoxville. The last
named places were taking without material opposition; but at Loudon the
enemy was strongly posted. After a brisk skirmish they were driven back by
Shackleford's command. They fired the bridge before they retreated, and it is
now in ruins.
Col. Bird captured at Kinston a steamboat in process of construction, but
nearly finished.
Col. Foster captured at Knoxville two locomotives and a number of cars, and a
very considerable amount of army stores were captured by the different brigades of Carter's division.
Great praise is due to the troops of the command for their patience, endurance,
and courage during their movement. Hartsuff's corps, which had been in the
advance, has proved itself to be one of the best in the service.
I am thankful to report that we suffered no loss from the hand of the enemy,
except a few wounded.
I have the honor to be, General, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Page 42 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 4, 1863
A. S. Burnside, Major-General
New York Times, September 20, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - "Shall we be stunk to death?"
•See January 12, 1865--". . . the brown semi-liquidity which, at the present
moment, is so abundant a ‘product’ in our city streets, was known by the
classic appellation of ‘Lollypop.’ ”
"The Sewerage of the City"
Partly from a want of enterprise in our municipal government, and partly
through the carelessness of citizens, the sewerage of the town is frightfully
defective. Until the past two or three weeks, generous floods of rain descended
to purify our devoted city and save us from pestilence; but now we are in the
midst of a drought, which is likely to prevail throughout this and most of the
next month; and unless some plan is speedily adopted to rid our streets and premises of the contaminating filth that spreads its vomitive quintessence into
ever particle of space, we shall not long have a corporal's guard on the healthy
list. There is no special Board of Health, we believe, to take the lead in this
matter; we once had such an institution and it gave to Nashville a world-wide
reputation for cleanliness and hygeian. What say the "city fathers?" Do they
ever pass along near the Maxwell house, or any other of the perfumed localities, before breakfast, or after tea, when every thing is still. If they do, and
inhale the delectable effluvium without being staggered and having a hurried
desire to "cast up" all superfluous nourishment, they are proof against almost
anything-they need not be "copper-bottomed" or "iron-clad." If we are to submit to the exhalations from dirty cellars and back premises, another month, all
the good-smelling extracts ever compounded by the great Lubin would fail to
restore our nasal organs to their natural functions, nor would all of the Plantation Bitters in the country bring back our appetites. Shall we endure these
unnatural sacrifices? That's the question. Shall we be stunk to death? That's
another question. Are the city authorities in a condition to have the sewers
cleaned and improved as necessity demands? If so, the public would delight to
see them "stirring their stumps" even to the extent of making the public lend a
helping hand, i.e., in looking to the neatness of their own yards and alley. If the
corporation is not able to undertake the momentous job, it is unfortunate; and
General Granger will have to step into Doctor Butler's boots and clean out
Nashville on the same admirable plan that New Orleans was redeemed from
disease and death. At all events, let us have a movement to this great end at
once, for procrastination will render it impracticable a month or so hence. The
reasons are innumerable. Action! action! action!
Nashville Daily Press, September 4, 1863.
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September 1863 — Page 43
September 4, 1863
September 4, 1863 - Execution of Captain J. R. Rhodes, 1st Confederate Infantry, Chattanooga
FORT MONROE, September 8, 1863. (Received 9.15 p. m.)
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
~~~
CHATTANOOGA, September 4.
The enemy were signaling all night on Walden's Ridge, but everything is
remarkably quiet across the river to-day. There are no further indications of an
advance on the part of Rosecrans.
The Knoxville Register has been removed to Cleveland. Capt. J. R. Rhodes, of
the First Confederate Infantry, was shot at noon to-day for encouraging desertions from his own company, and embezzling the money of substitutes. He
made a short speech acknowledging the justice of the sentence, manifested but
little concern, and died without a struggle.
Lieut.-Col. Aderhold of the same regiment was cashiered and conscripted yesterday for having been concerned in the same offenses.
CHATTANOOGA, September 5.
~~~
Our artillery at Driver's Ferry opened on the enemy at 6 o'clock this morning,
for the purpose of ascertaining the strength of the position of the enemy's batteries. They responded promptly, and for half an hour a lively artillery duel was
kept up without injury to our side. The discipline and health of the army are
very fine. The troops are in the best spirits.
Nothing heard from Gen. Buckner's command. The weather is clear and warm.
~~~
EDWD. E. POTTER, Brig.-Gen. and Chief of Staff.
SHELDON.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 441.
September 4, 1863 - GEN. FIELD ORDERS, No. 12, regarding the appointment of Brigadier-General S. P. Carter as Provost Marshal General of East Tennessee
GEN. FIELD ORDERS, No. 12. HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September
4, 1863.
Brig. Gen. S. P. Carter is hereby temporarily detached from the command of
the Cavalry Division, Twenty-third Army Corps, and is appointed provostmarshal-general of East Tennessee, making his headquarters at Knoxville.
The provost-marshal-general will have jurisdiction in all civil matters, will
take cognizance of arrests and of all violations of civil or military law, and will
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 4, 1863
have the general supervision and direction of the district in all cases that pertain to his department. He will retain such members of his staff as may necessary for the purposes of his office, and will make application for such other
details as he may require.
By command of Maj.-Gen. Burnside
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 358.
September 4, 1863 - Federal forces in East Tennessee ordered to hire local and reliable citizens to act as scouts
HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, Knoxville, Tenn., September 4, 1863.
Col. FOSTER:
You will, in order to avoid all risk of surprise on your return, employ reliable
citizens at all stations and other points on the road to scout the country in their
vicinity, and make arrangements with them to give you notice before running
into any place of danger.
Also use the citizens in moving up the road, if necessary, taking them with you.
In case only of absolute necessity, you can leave the cars and take care of your
party on foot. At some of the more important points you can leave some of
your own men to gain information.
In case you are compelled to leave the cars, return on the track and obstruct it
in the direction of this place. It is presumed you will take all necessary precaution of your own accord, and this is simply to call your attention to the most
important. The horses you leave will be sent to camp immediately, and only
mounted men will be left at Flat Creek.
I am, colonel, yours, &c.,
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 358-359.
September 4, 1863 - Reconnaissance, Flat Lick to Cumberland Gap, and skirmish
FLAT LICK, September 5, 1863.
Gen. POTTER:
Made reconnaissance of Cumberland [Gap] yesterday. Got in rear and surprised 3 of the enemy's pickets. The reports as to the strength of enemy in gap
contradictory, it is, however, certain that they are exerting themselves to provision the place. The works appear in a bad state of repair. I saw no large guns,
but am informed they have some field pieces.
Jno. F. DE COURCY, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 379.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 45
September 4, 1863
September 4, 1863 - Federal expedition from Knoxville to Cumberland Gap
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 4.-. . . The Third Brigade, Fourth Division, on expedition to Cumberland Gap.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 577.
September 4, 1863 - "To Soldiers"
The Soldier's Home, established in this city by the U. S. Sanitary Commission,
has been removed from the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad Depot to the
Planter's Hotel, on Summer street, near the Cathedral, where discharged and
furloughed soldiers will find food, lodging and all needed assistance in relation
to their papers, as U. S. A., without charge.
Nashville Daily Press, September 4, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - "Grundy County Moving."
There was a large and enthusiastic meeting recently held in Grundy, in this
State, at which resolutions were adopted disavowing the ordinance of secession, and expressing a strong wish to return again to allegiance in the Federal
government and become loyal citizens of the same. The meeting also asked
that the state be recognized, and that the election be held for governor, members of congress and the General Assembly of the state. The meeting took a test
vote on the subject of the Union, and when the poll was counted there were one
hundred and seventeen for the Union, and none against it.
Memphis Bulletin, September 4, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - "Paying off the Soldiers."
Several paymasters, with heavy guard, went out on the Memphis and Charleston railroad yesterday."
Memphis Bulletin, September 4, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - "Turned in the Streets;" evicting the poor in Nashville
Yesterday morning an officer and twelve men went to the "big brick [building
beyond] the railroad," on Market street, and in the most unceremonious manner possible, bundled men, women, and children out of doors, and their furni-
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 4, 1863
ture and traps after them, out of windows and doors, a large amount of their
earthly goods being destroyed or damaged in the hasty, removal. We presume
some military necessity demanded this extraordinary proceeding, but we cannot help think that if Gen. Granger had known that many of the unfortunate
inmates have large families, he would have provided them with shelter elsewhere before ordering their removal. There were, we believe, seven families in
the house, with from one to six children each-say thirty children; with no prospect of shelter at 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, but a very fair show for a cold
rainy night. We thought further to be remembered that these people, though
very poor, are honest. "We trust that when this paragraph meets the eye of Gen.
granger, he will at least provide temporary shelter for such as may not have
found a friend to take them in.
Nashville Dispatch, September 4, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - Unofficial truce along the Tennessee River, Chattanooga environs
Cooked 3 days rations and are picketing the river above the city. The enemy
pickets [are on] the opposite side. Each party has orders not to shoot. The
enemy move freely. While I'm writing I am in plain view of quite a number of
Yanks. One of our boys has mentioned them in the middle of the stream and
[saw their] encampment.
Van Buren Oldham Diaries.
September 4, 1863 - News of General Burnside in East Tennessee
Success of Gen. Burnside in East Tennessee
CAPTURE OF KINGSTON
East Tennessee Evacuated by Rebels
Bridgeport, Tenn., Friday, September 4, 1863
Gen. Burnside telegraphs that he took Kingston on the 2d inst. part of Gen.
Minty's brigade, of this army, went in immediately. Gen. Burnside says he met
with little serious opposition.
All Eastern Tennessee except the Chattanooga region has been evacuated and
is free.
Everything is working splendidly both in this army and in Burnside's. The
great obstacles of the region-the Lookout Mountains-will be surmounted in a
day or two.
Progress of the March-Rebels Captured.
Correspondence of the Cincinnati Gazette
Headquarters Army in the Field, Thursday, Aug. 27, 1863
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 47
September 4, 1863
The plot begins to thicken. We are beginning to realize that we are in Dixie.
Four hundred rebel cavalry came within ten miles of us this morning and gobbled up a few Tennessee soldiers who had probably straggled off to see their
families. They turned off toward the Gap, and will probably fall into the hands
of our cavalry, who are scouting the roads in all directions. We are resting, and
as soon as subsistence and other matters are righted will be ready for a move in
any direction.
Reports continue to come in confirming the previous accounts of rebel desperation and demoralization. Deserters are arriving constantly, and affirm that
Polk and Buckner's armies will be dissolved by desertion, when the fugitives
become once assured of safety.
Scouts from Cumberland Gap say several rebel regiments are there with artillery, and there are rumors of reinforcements. Gen. Burnside's policy regarding
correspondents is extremely stringent, and but little news of interest or importance can be forwarded at present. Nothing but simple relations of past facts
will be allowed and neither praise nor censure of persons or measures is permitted. The troops are in excellent heart, well in hand and ready for anything.
Nothing of interest beyond the march has occurred. Our rest will probably be
short.
Headquarters Army in the Field
East Tennessee, Friday, Aug. 28, 1863
The party of rebs who approached our lines yesterday, blundered into the path
of the First Tennessee, as we expected, were whipped, broken up, and some of
another body near the Cumberland. We pervade all the roads with our cavalry,
and but few of these wandering marauders will escape. There is no change in
military matters since yesterday. We are moving. As mail facilities will soon
cease, this may be my last letter for some time.
New York Times, September 4, 1863
September 4, 1863 - Federal expedition from Knoxville to Cumberland Gap
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 4.-. . . The Third Brigade, Fourth Division, on expedition to Cumberland Gap.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 577.
Page 48 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 5, 1863
September 4, 1863 - Trade and citizenship
"Relaxations in Trade."
Every day proves the wisdom of the order relaxing the restrictions upon country trade. A better feeling pervades the country people who bring in their stuff
to exchange for the necessaries of which they have been so long deprived.
Every cup of coffee will neutralize, by its delicious aroma, some of the malignant spirit that has pervaded their society so long. Every yard of "domestic"
will help to form the new and stronger tie that is to restore their former allegiance, and make them again American citizens.
We hope the authorities will soon become convinced that the more liberty can
be given to these honest people, who, though once deluded, are now willing to
lay aside opposition and prejudice, and receive again the birthright of which
their own imprudence deprived them.
Memphis Bulletin, September 4, 1863.
September 4, 1863 - ca. September 30, 1863 - Scouts daily on the Pigeon Roost, Hernando
and Horn Lake Roads, West Tennessee
HDQRS. DISTRICT OF MEMPHIS, MEMPHIS, Tenn., September 4, 1863.
Maj. DATUS E. COON, Comdg. Second Iowa Cavalry Volunteers:
You will, until further orders, send out daily from your command scouting parties on the Pigeon Roost road, Horn Lake and Hernando roads, respectively, for
the purpose of reconnoitering the country between Memphis and Hernando.
You will use your own discretion as to the strength of the parties, the time of
day at which they move, and the route to be followed in any particular case,
acting upon the information you may receive from time to time. Any important
result attained or information received will be immediately reported direct to
these headquarters.
By order of Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 337.
September 5, 1863 - Skirmish at Powell's River
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Capt. Augustus B. Cowan, Sixty-second North
Carolina Infantry, relative to skirmishing at Powell's River, September 5, 1863.
ABINGDON, VA., September 15, 1863.
SIR: In compliance with you request, I make the following statement concerning the fall of Cumberland Gap:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 49
September 5, 1863
On Saturday, 5th instant, Col. Carter met the enemy at Powell's River and skirmished with them brilliantly until they resorted to shelling, when he fell back
in order up the Virginia Valley.
~~~
Respectfully, &c.,
August B. COWAN, Capt. Company F, Sixty-second North Carolina Regt.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 637.
September 5, 1863 - Skirmish at Tazewell
No circumstantial reports filed.
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, In the Field, 19
Miles southwest of Tazewell, September 5, 1863—12 o'clock.
Lieut. Col. GEORGE B. DRAKE, Assistant-Adjutant-Gen.:
Information from the gap on yesterday that the rebels were still there, but
expecting to move two regiments of cavalry, and a small body of infantry are
reported to have been there yesterday. It is the opinion of the citizens along the
road that they are gone. I shall press forward until I receive definite information as to their where-abouts, and will, if possible, intercept them. I find a great
quantity of corn on this road, considerable hay, wheat, and rye.
I am, colonel, &c.,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 379.
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, South of
Clinch River, 101/2 Miles of Tazewell, Tenn., September 5, 1863—12 p. m.
Lieut. Col. G. B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
My advance is in Tazewell, Tenn. We met the enemy's pickets at the river. The
advance, under Maj. Carpenter, Second Tennessee Mounted Infantry, was fired
into twice between this and town. He found from 60 to 100 of the enemy in
town. He dispatches me that the Union citizens report from 3,000 to 4,000 at
the gap, 2,000 being cavalry. I shall move up at once to Tazewell, and dispatch
you again.
I am, colonel, &c.,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg., &c.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 380.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Not listed in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
Page 50 — September 1863
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September 5, 1863
September 5, 1863 - False alarm, excerpt from the Journal of Henry Campbell
Last night about 11 o'clock we were aroused. . . by a report of a volley from
what we supposed was the pickett, immediately afterward we heard that the
rebels were across the river and advancing up the valley on us. Battery was
harnessed and hitched in a moment, tents struck, wagons loaded and started up
the [mountain] in a great hurry. Everything was gotten out of the way as if the
entire rebel army was on this side. . . but no enemy could be discovered anywheres. All returned to camp about 2 o'clock. The alarum was caused by one of
the 17th boys banging his cartridge box on a log, that had a camp fire built
against it. [D]uring the night the fire got to the box and heated the copper cartridges and they shot off like a small volley of musketry.
Campbell, Three Years in the Saddle, p. 67.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: The entry was made on the 6th but dealt with events of the 5th.
September 5, 1863 - Skirmish at Conyersville
•See September 1, 1863-September 10, 1863-Expeditions from Paducah, Kentucky & Union City, Tennessee, to Conyersville, Tennessee, with a skirmish
on the 5th
September 5, 1863 - Artillery skirmish at Friar's Island
No circumstantial reports filed.
SEPTEMBER 1-10, 1863. HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH
ARMY CORPS, September 5, 1863—10 a. m.
Col. C. GODDARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Department of the Cumberland:
The rebels have relaid their pontoon-bridge on the river side preparatory to
swinging it across. Their camp appears to be much increased since yesterday
morning. They have reliable news of our force on this side, and appear to be
concentrating either at Chattanooga or for a movement farther south. Gen.
Wagner coincides with me in this. A deserter crossed the river here last night,
corroborating this.
I am, sir, very truly, your obedient servant,
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
P. S. -Gen. Hazen's battery threw a few shots at the rebels at Friar's Island this
morning, to which they responded.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 365.NOTE 1
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 51
September 5, 1863
NOTE 1: This event is listed neither in the OR General Index, nor in the index of Vol.
30, nor Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
September 5, 1863 - Artillery duel at Driver's Ferry
•See September 4, 1863--Execution of Captain J. R. Rhodes, 1st Confederate
Infantry, Chattanooga
September 5, 1863 - Artillery action opposite Chattanooga
FIRST BRIG. FOURTH DIV., FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS,
Opposite Chattanooga, September 5, 1863—5 p. m.
Gen. ROSECRANS:
. . . Large force near Tyne's Station and Harrison; a brigade of cavalry near
Chickamauga bridge. They burst a 32-pounder shelling us on the 22d August. I
am trying to destroy their pontoons with shells, with indifferent success. At
moving baggage up Walden's Ridge for safety in case they cross to-night,
which seems probable.
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, Poe's Tavern, September 5, 1863.
Col. WILDER, Comdg. Brigade:
I learned this morning of two sets gunwalesNOTE 1. I appropriated one set, and
will have a boat large enough for a team and the largest field piece done by tomorrow. After hunting all day for the other set I learned this evening that
Carter had reported them to your pioneer officer. One boat of the size I will
make—70 feet—is all I will need. You can find lumber about farm-houses. Try
and get ready by day after to-morrow.
W. B. HAZEN, Brig.-Gen.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS, September 5,
1863—7 p. m.
Lieut. Col. R. L. KIMBERLY, Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
SIR: I have the honor to report that my battery threw some thirty shells at the
pontoon-bridge that is moored to the landing at Chattanooga, all laid ready to
swing across the stream. We succeeded in sinking two of the pontoon-boats,
but there is a reserve of several in the water near by. All of the small flat-boats
that were at the landing when we first arrived are taken away. We suppose they
are in the mouth of Chattanooga Creek, where a great deal of pounding was
going on last night.
~~~
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 5, 1863
I am, sir, very respectfully, yours to command,
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
P. S. -I have forwarded your orders to signal officer.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 366-367.
NOTE 1: A gunwale [also "gunnel"] is defined as "the upper side of a ship's or a boat's
side." In the nineteenth century it was used to support guns on a ship or boat.
September 5, 1863 - Federal forage expedition and reconnaissance, Athens environs
HDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Lenoir's, September 5, 1863.
Col. R. K. BYRD, Comdg. First Brig., Fourth Div., 23d Army Corps:
You will move with your brigade across the Tennessee River and take a position at or near Athens, covering the country on your right with pickets and
scouts, up to the river at or near Decatur or Smith's Cross-Roads, and on your
left as far as you can without weakening too much your main body. Communicate with the troops of Gen. Rosecrans at Pikeville or at their nearest point to
you. Reconnoiter the country and river thoroughly, and send prompt and full
information to the headquarters of the corps at Knoxville. Ascertain particularly the resources of the country in the matter of subsistence forage, and, when
practicable, gather into store-houses or other suitable places all the grain of
every description you can, and see generally that supplies within the country
are not squandered or destroyed. Be very careful and watchful of the conduct
of your men and see that they do not plunder or pillage from any one. Whatever is to be used or destroyed will be done only with your knowledge and by
your direction. The Forty-fifth Ohio is temporarily detached from your command.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. L. HARTSUFF, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 379.
September 5, 1863 - Skirmish on Clinch River near Tazewell
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, South of
Clinch River, 10 1/2 Miles of Tazewell, Tenn., September 5, 1863—12 p. m.
Lieut. Col. G. B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
My advance is in Tazewell, Tenn. We met the enemy's pickets as the river. The
advance, under Maj. Carpenter, Second Tennessee Mounted Infantry, was fired
into twice between this and town. He found from 60 to 100 of the enemy in
town. He dispatches me that the Union citizens report from 3,000 to 4,000 at
the gap, 2,000 being cavalry. I shall move up at once to Tazewell, and dispatch
you again.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 53
September 5, 1863
I am, colonel, &c.,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg., &c.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 380.
September 5, 1863 - Nocturnal Confederate demonstration along Federal lines
No circumstantial reports filed.
In front of Chattanooga, September 6, 1863.
Lieut. Col. C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
~~~
The enemy made a demonstration all along our lines last night, as if intending
to cross. They did not do it, however, and all is quiet this morning. . .
~~~
I am, colonel, very respectfully, yours to command.
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 386-387.
September 5, 1863 - Forrest makes demonstrations at crossings of Tennessee River
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In Tennessee Valley, at Poe's, September 6, 1863—6
a. m.
Lieut. Col. C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen., &c.:
The enemy at Chattanooga laid its pontoons yesterday, as if to cross. Forrest's
force suddenly appeared last evening at Igou's, Harrison's, and the other crossings, making displays of artillery and otherwise threatening the attempt to
cross at all points. A deserter that came across near Chattanooga reported that
Jackson's brigade was ready to cross on the pontoons. I believe this to be only a
feint while the army retreats.
The garrisons have been regularly relieved above, coming down the river,
withdrawing their pickets, so there is nothing now above Thatcher's. Minty had
a man across at Blythe's yesterday, and found nothing.
For perfect security, however, I have sent all heavy property on the hill, and
have traced out every path by which a deer can climb the mountains this side of
Pikeville; and can successfully prevent any crossing of them this side or at that
place.
I have to report the most valuable and efficient co-operation upon the part of
cavalry-Wilder's and Minty's.
I am, respectfully,
Page 54 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 5, 1863
W. B. HAZEN, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 392.
September 5, 1863 - Attorney James Trimble to Governor Johnson relative to rental of
rooms to a local MadameNOTE 1
It is respectfully desired that you would consider the following statement of
facts & act in the premises as you think best. The facts are these. One Mary
Alloway, free woman of color rented a certain house on Line St. No. 8 from
one Mr. Larkin for the year 1863. Mary Alloway on the 1st of Jan. 1863 subrented one room of said house to Jesse Porterfield (colored) for the entire year,
on condition that he pay $6 every month in advance, with which contract he
has ever since fully complied. And on or about the first of April 1863 one
Adam Smith (colored) rented another room of the said house from Mary Alloway on the same terms as above specified & has also entirely complied with
his contract. Sept. 1st Jesse Porterfield obtained an order from your Excellency
to the effect that he could remain in said rooms, until further orders from your
office. An order [was] issued from your Excellency on yesterday referring the
matter to Recorder Shane. It seems to be a matter over which the Recorder has
no Jirisdictin & he has consequently failed to take any action upon it. It can be
proved by satisfactory evidence that the said Mary Alloway has all along been
using the hous for the purposes of prostitution, & now in violation of her contract, wished to turn Jesse Porterfield & Adam Smith out, in order to let in
some lewd white women (notorious prostitutes) because they will pay higher
rent. The neighborhood is a respectable one & the neighbors all are
scandalized. . . It is earnestly desired that the said Mary Alloway may be made
either to vacate the house or keep a decent one, or at all events that she not be
allowed to violate her contract James Trimble, Attorney.
Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. 6, pp. 352-353.
NOTE 1: Nashville City Recorder Shane ruled in favor of Mary Alloway, while Porterfield and Smith were assessed costs and ordered to vacate the house within a week, The charge against Alloway concerning the bawdy house was
dismissed. See the Nashville Dispatch, September 4-5, 1863.
September 5, 1863 - "Guerrillas near Lafayette."
We learn from an officer who came in on the train yesterday afternoon, that a
force of sixty guerrillas were seen to cross the line of railroad and to swim [the]
Wolf river the night previous. The place of crossing was five miles beyond
Lafayette. The Union cavalry was in pursuit and only twenty miles behind
them. They passed within a few yards of the Union picket.
Memphis Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 55
September 5, 1863
September 5, 1863 - "A Heroic Woman."
A day or two ago a widow lady named Ward, who resides some eight miles
from the city on the Pigeonroost road, was coming to this city, with two bales
of cotton, when she was stopped by three guerrillas who declared their intention to burn her cotton. The lady was not disposed to submit very tamely to this
arrangement. She therefore produced a repeater, and told them that she would
shoot the first man who dared to move a step toward carrying out their threat.
This heroic determination on the part of the lady deterred the villains from the
execution of their threat, and they "slunk away" to their hiding place.
Memphis Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
September 5, 1863 - One Federal soldier's observations of East Tennessee
Loudon Tenn
Sept 5th 1863
We are camped beside a field that has the largest corn in I ever saw there is
some of it 20 feet high it is on the south side of a hill The people here appear
very glad to see us most of them but there are some rebbles. We have found
several rebble letters newspapers and military papers, reports, rolls, etc and
there is more deserters reported and advertised and more dis-satisfaction shows
in the letters found than I had ever expected ther was. there is enough in our
army but theirs beats us out all hollow. We have not had any rations for several
days. We have not had anything to eat for two days except a little fresh beef
and a few ears of corn that we can find not too hard to rost and sometimes we
can get a little fruit but it is very scarce in camp but not in the country out
apiece and we get elder berrys we have nothing hardly to cook in. The citizens
are about as bad off for some thing to eat as we are the rebbles have used about
all the fruit and corn that was near here. I would not begrudge a quarter for a
cracker and piece of fat pork but I guess we will have it in a day or two when
our train comes up. We have nothing at all to do and dont need much to eat. If a
man will not work neither should he eat.
Civil War Diary and Letters of David Humphrey Blair.
NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Raymond R. Parker, ed. and comp., Civil War Diary and Letters of David
Humphrey Blair, as cited in http://mirkwood.ucs.indiana.edu/acw/. [Hereinafter cited as: Civil War Diary and Letters of David Humphrey Blair.
September 5, 1863 - Fraternization with the enemy in the Chattanooga environs
After being assured they may return three of our boys crossed the river and
spent several hours with the Yanks. I went to the middle of the river to meet
Page 56 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 5, 1863
some of them but they would not come. I would not cross cause I was not a
good swimmer and it was contrary to orders. We are relieved and at camp.
Van Buren Oldham Diaries.
September 5, 1863 - "TENNESSEE MONEY."
There is but little activity in Tennessee funds: note holders are not disposed to
gratify the speculative desires of brothers and others who have suddenly forced
up the rates of Planters and Union Banks from 25 to 35 per cent., and Bank of
Tennessee from 25 to 40 per cent. We shall not stop to theorize on the great
subject of banking to prove that this depreciation of our home currency is an
uncalled for diabolism, calculated only to cripple the business community and
pit pennies in the fobs of unpatriotic and undeserving harpies, who are always
on the alert to ply their shaving propensities.
Nashville Daily Press, September 5, 1863.
September 5, 1863 - "Show Your Colors."
The suggestion made at the Grant Festival by one of the eloquent gentlemen
who addressed us, that we should "show our colors," has as yet met but a partial response. Some of our merchants seem to fear that the country trade will be
scared away by this exhibition of the Federal flag. Brave hearts! They should
also take care that no copy of the Bible lie around their counting rooms, lest
that class of country customer take it a personal offense and carry their trade
elsewhere. Show your colors, good people. Don't be scared; you shall be
protected.NOTE 1
Memphis Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
NOTE 1: Emphasis added.
September 5, 1863 - "Masonic Charitable Society."
By a union of the various Masonic bodies of Memphis, embracing three
lodges, a chapter, council and commandery, funds are reserved for the benefit
of reduced Masons, their widows and orphans, and for the burial of deceased
Masons. Much good, we learn, has been accomplished through their beneficent
arrangements the past two years. No case of real destitution, innocently
brought on, has ever gone away unrelieved.
Memphis Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
September 5, 1863 - Rumors concerning Confederate desertions after the fall of Knoxville
From information gathered from various mails, which were intercepted by the
23d Army Corps, (which formed the advance) it appears that desertion is going
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 57
September 6, 1863
on in the Rebel ranks to a much greater degree than has been supposed. In
some instances the writers state that brigades have been reduced one half from
this cause-the men taking to the woods, carrying their arms with them and
determined not again to be forced into the service. Great dissatisfaction
appears to prevail among the North Carolina and Mississippi troops.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 5, 1863.
September 6, 1863 - Federal artillery fire into Chattanooga
OPPOSITE CHATTANOOGA, September 6, 1863—1.30 p. m.
Gen. WOOD:
All right. Let me know what will help you, and it shall be done as near as we
can. I have two regiments of troops there besides cavalry. Two bodies of troops
came out of the valley last night toward Chattanooga. Do not know whether
that is all or not between the river and Lookout Mountain. We are drawing their
attention by firing, and driving them out of town very fast.
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 392.
September 6, 1863 - Capture of Confederate locomotive train and rolling stock near Morristown
No circumstantial reports filed.
KNOXVILLE, TENN., Via Barboursville, Ky., September 6, 1863. (Received
12.50 p. m.)
Maj.-Gen. HALLECK, Gen.-in-Chief:
We have captured another train at Morristown, and hope to get a good portion
of the rolling stock higher up on the road. Command in good spirits. We are
making some movements to aid Rosecrans. A bearer of dispatches leaves here
this evening or to-morrow with particular.
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol., 30, pt., III, p. 400.
September 6, 1863 - Skirmish near Sweet Water
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Col. John M. Hughs,NOTE 1 Twenty-fifth Tennessee
[C. S. ] Infantry, relative to the skirmish at Sweet Water on September 5, 1863.
[His report was made nine months after the events portrayed.]
DALTON, GA., April 28, 1864.NOTE 2
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 6, 1863
SIR: I have the honor herewith to submit the following report of my operations
in Middle Tennessee:
~~~
On the 6th September, I attacked the rear of the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry,
inflicting considerable loss and completely routing them.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 647.
Report of Lieut. Col. George E. Ross, Forty-fifth Ohio (mounted) Infantry.
HDQRS. 45TH REGT. OHIO VOLS., MOUNTED INFTY., Near Loudon,
Tenn., September 10, 1863.
CAPT.: I have the honor to make the following report:
In obedience to orders from division headquarters of September 5, I moved my
command across the river, and, at sunset, started for Sweet Water, to take possession of all arms, stores, 7c., there, left by the enemy.
Arriving at Sweet Water about 10 p. m., I immediately threw out a strong
picket on each road and dispatched for transportation, taking possession of railroad depot, the mill, &c.
Early in the morning a rebel scout of 52 men attacked my pickets on the Athens road, but were driven back and hotly pursued 4 miles, the enemy losing 1
man killed and 1 badly wounded in the arm, and throwing away nearly all their
arms. About 7 o'clock I received a dispatch from division headquarters to be
forwarded by a lieutenant and 20 men to Col. Byrd, then supposed to be at Athens. After these had been gone an hour, fearing they might find the enemy too
powerful, I sent a company to assist them.
About 6 miles out they found the enemy and attacked him, driving him about 2
miles, when they came upon the enemy about 200 strong at the top of a hill,
behind which the inhabitants reported two regiments more waiting. Upon hearing this, I ordered my men to fall back slowly till within 3 miles of town, and
there hold the enemy from advancing if he tried it, till I could load the train and
start it for Loudon. The train arrived about 1 p. m. and was immediately loaded
with the stores and started for Loudon, guarded by half the regiment, while I
remained with the other half till dark. I loaded one freight car, left at the depot,
with wheat very heavily, and the wagons, between 20 and 30 in number, with
wheat, salt, wheat-sacks, Austrian rifles and bayonets (new), 1 box horseshoes, clothing, shirts, drawers, blankets, &c., 1 large hogshead of bacon, also
2 boxes bacon, 1 hogshead shovel handles, 1 barrel soda, 1 keg powder, 1 large
hogshead white lead, and several bales Osnaburg, &c.
Learning of some cattle abandoned by the enemy some 3 miles in direction of
Kingston from Sweet Water, 20 in number, I sent Lieut. Williams, with a sergeant and 10 men, to drive them to Loudon. In doing so, when within about 2
miles of Philadelphia, they were attacked by about a hundred rebels, surrounded, and captured, all save the lieutenant and 1 man.
~~~
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 59
September 6, 1863
I also had 1 horse shot in the skirmish of the forenoon-a horse of Company H.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant,
G. E. ROSS, Lieut.-Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 589.
NOTE 1: Formerly a hotelkeeper in Livingston, Tennessee. See: Papers of Andrew
Johnson, Vol. 6, fn 2, p. 539.
NOTE 2: This report was made eight months after the fact.
September 6, 1863 - Heavy skirmishing and reconnaisance at Powell's River
Report of Brig. Gen. James M. Shackelford, U. S. Army, commanding Third
Brigade.
HDQRS. THIRD Brig. FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, Powell's River,
September 6, 1863-7 p. m.
COL.: I reached this place this morning, 10 o'clock, with the column. Had
heavy skirmishing with the enemy on this side of the river, driving him before
us. I sent a reconnaissance from here up to the gap; just ascertained definitely
the enemy is in his works. The lowest estimate place upon his numbers by
deserters and citizens is 2,000 and two batteries of artillery. I will use my
utmost to establish communication with Col. De Courcy, I suppose, is on the
other side of the mountain.
I am, colonel, truly yours, &c.,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 593.
September 6, 1863 - "Disgraceful Riot in South Nashville-Two Houses Fired."
A most disgraceful riot occurred yesterday in a disreputable locality near the
ruins of the old Asylum, in South Nashville. About two o'clock p. m., a party
of soldiers, twenty or more in number, entered a house of ill-fame where beer
was kept for sale, and demanded as much beer as they could drink, without
offering to pay for it. The women refused to adhere to this unreasonable proposition, whereupon the dastardly men assailed them, and were in turned pitched
into by the beer-venders, who manfully stood their ground until the base rogues
resorted to the torch to subdue them. They set fire to the beer saloon and a
house adjoining, both of which were occupied by the women, Ellen Gallagher,
Mary Murphy, and Ann Coffin. The former building was totally consumed, but
the flames were extinguished before the other was damaged materially. The
rioters would not permit the inmates to remove any article of furniture from the
house, but some one of their own number took a certain sum of money from
the burning wreck. On the approach of the guard, the crowd rapidly dispersed
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 6, 1863
and only six of the rascals were secured. Their names are James K. P. Harris,
D. Post, and Joseph, Gregory, of the Third Ohio Cavalry, and Pat Kelly, Wm.
Wallace, and Ed. Shelby, of the Fifth Michigan Battery. They were safely
lodged in the Penitentiary. Every exertion is being made to apprehend the
remainder of the scamps, and they will hardly escape. While no tears will be
shed over the loss of such a notorious brothel, it is but just that the perpetrators
of the incendiary act should meet with the severest punishment. Such an example of crime, if uncorrected, will lead to dangers innumerable and appalling.
Nashville Daily Press, September 7, 1863.
"THE RIOT."—We yesterday received the following note in correction of an
error in our report of the riot which took place in South Nashville on Sunday
evening last. The mistake alluded to did not originate with us, of course. We
gladly exonerate the two soldiers by publishing the communication
CAMP ON CHURCH STREET, Sept. 7th.
Mr. Editor: Allow me to correct a statement that appeared in this morning's
Press, in connection with the fire in this vicinity yesterday. Messrs. Harris, Post
and Gregory, of the Third Ohio Cavalry, who were arrested on suspicion of
being the incendiaries, did not go near the buildings in question until they
attracted a crowd, as they are abundantly able to prove.
On the representation of this fact by Lieut. Garfield, the officer in command,
they were released this morning. They have just come from the front for the
purpose of getting horses, and it seemed that they should fall victims to the zeal
of the soldiers who serve their country by fifty or a hundred miles from the
rebels. Hoping you will do them the justice to publish this, I remain yours,
J. Linselsy
Nashville Daily Press, September 8, 1863.
September 6, 1863 - "Religious."
It surely gratified our good citizens to observe that the ministerial and Sabbathschool service in our churches were yesterday partially revived. In the noble
effort to reinstall the sacred observances of the day we are charged to keep
holy, we trust there will be no relaxation until every church and Sunday-school
shall have been placed on its wonted basis of free, undisturbed operation.
Nothing is so potent to elevate and give character to a community as the manifestation of an abiding interest in the welfare of its temples of God; when this
is wanting, as our people know by sad experience, all dignity and comeliness,
as a city, and all charitableness and purity of conduct as a people are utterly
inexistent. The several churches open for worship were well attended and a fair
proportion of the little ones resumed their places at the Sabbath-schools.
We listened to the morning discourse, at the Cathedral, of Archbishop John
'Baptist Purcell of Cincinnati, who is paying a transient visit to the Department
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 61
September 6, 1863
of the Cumberland. The distinguished prelate was heard by an immense congregation of both Catholics and Protestants. . . As a sermon addressed to the
reason and not a pretentious fulmination of pulpit oratory, it was received with
breathless attention. The Archbishop in advocating the divinity of Christ and
contending for the trueness of the Catholic faith, spoke with convincing force
and pathos-employing the illustrative facts of sacred history, almost unadorned
by any of the arts of rhetoric. He impressed his hearers as a divine of practical
dealings with Scripture, and a logical enforces of sacred truths. The musical
exercises of the morning included several sublime compositions, which were
sweetly rendered by the members of the choir and the organist, Prof. Charles
Schoppeiroi. The lecture delivered by the Archbishop, in the evening, was
attended by another large concourse of all denominations. We regret that we
could not be present. Archbishop Purcell's mission to this Department is one of
observation in behalf of the comfort of the sick and disabled soldiers. His visits
to the various hospitals have proved satisfactory in all respects, we believe, He
is expected shortly to return to his labors in Cincinnati.
Nashville Daily Press, September 7, 1863.
September 6, 1863 - Federal feint in front of Chattanooga
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In Tennessee Valley, September 6, 1863—10 a. m.
Lieut. Col. C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen., &c.:
The officer on picket at Igou's reports sharp firing across the river, supposed to
be Burnside's advance, with the rear of the enemy. Forrest's command garrisons the river for several miles up and down. From the clouds of dust yesterday
it would seem he has in charge the enemy's trains, which seem to be pointing
toward Tyner's. The great amount of pounding across the river last night led
everybody to relieve they were making boats to cross, and the impression prevailed at Wilder's camp and with the citizens that they were crossing. Wagner
went down opposite Chattanooga with a battery and two regiments of infantry.
The effort there proved to be a feint, nothing like crossing is going on there,
and the great noise opposite here was probably from repairs of trains. It is possible that Forrest may contemplate a crossing to raid in our rear. I have made
dispositions that in case he does, if we fail to destroy him, he will have to go
far around Pikeville and thus give ample time for troops in the rear to prepare
for him. I do not think it probable, however, that any crossing will be attempted
here.
I am, very respectfully,
W. B. HAZEN, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 393.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 6, 1863
September 6, 1863 - Inexact Federal Intelligence
IN FRONT OF CHATTANOOGA, September 6, 1863.
Gen. HAZEN, Poe's Tavern:
Last night about 11 o'clock Col. Wilder sent me word the enemy was crossing
above and below Chattanooga, and was also preparing to cross at the city. I
immediately moved with two regiments and section of artillery in that direction; Col. Wilder's force also moved to the river; the whole thing turned out to
be a mistake, but it is probable that the enemy intended by their movements to
make us believe they intended to cross. What they are doing is hard to surmise,
but they have been very busy for two days, and I do not think they are running
away just yet. Everything very quiet this morning. I will return to camp.
Your obedient servant,
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 393.
September 6, 1863 - Forrest's feints at Igou's and Harrison's crossings
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, Poe's Tavern, September 6, 1863—6 a. m.
Col. MINTY, Comdg. First Brigade, Second Division, Cavalry:
Forrest's force is opposite here at Igou's, Harrison's and the crossing, threatening to cross. A pontoon-bridge has been constructed by the enemy at Chattanooga, as if to cross there also. I believe this to be only a feint, while the army
retreats. If, however, he should cross his army, you will proceed to take up a
position on the mountain toward Pikeville, where you can successfully check
any attempt at crossing there, having first sent out all your property.
You will receive orders this morning to come down to Sale Creek. Be able to
report to me from there this evening. Look well to the river as far as Igou's.
Respectfully,
W. B. HAZEN, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 398.
September 6, 1863 - Federal expedition on East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, Kingston
to Athens
No circumstantial reports filed.
HDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, Tenn., September 6,
1863.
Brig. Gen. JULIUS WHITE, Comdg. Second Div., 23d Army Corps, Loudon,
Tenn.:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 63
September 6, 1863
Report as soon as possible the result of your expedition down the railroad, and
extend it or send another to Athens to co-operate with a force of the First Tennessee, to be sent to same place from Kingston. It is important that the position
of the enemy should be ascertained. It is said a steamer is in the river between
Loudon and Kingston. Ascertain whether it is true and capture it. Report daily.
If you have a telegrapher in your command, you can have an instrument and
put yourself immediately in telegraphic communication with this place.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. L. HARTSUFF, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 401.
September 6, 1863 - "Open the Churches."
•See September 9, 1863--"Sunday Walk Among the Churches."
Today our reporter will go the rounds of the city churches, and make lists of
those that are open to Divine worship, and those that remain closed. The results
will be published in the week. In the present article we propose to offer three
reasons why the Christian people of Memphis, who are loyal to their Divine
Master, should insist upon the speedy reopening of every church consecrated to
worship.
1. These churches were built entirely by public contributions. Every old settler
in Memphis has stock in from 5 to 35 churches. Every branch of theological
opinion, every spilt-hair doctrine, every view, from the eternal Christian to the
loosest Arminianism,NOTE 1 has built its churches here, and called upon the
public to pay the cost. Therefore, the public has the right to demand that they
shall be opened every Sabbath to public use as was pledged to the public at
their respective dedications.
2. The influences of church worship were never so much needed in Memphis
as now. Army life has demoralized so many of our men; There are so many soldiers stationed here who need it to counteract the demoralizing influences of
camp, that a Christian minister who can remain silent and keep his church
doors locked such times as these, deserved the worst punishment. Where are
his ordination vows? Where is his obedience to his church rules? Where is his
heart and conscience that he can neglect his grave duties in such an emergency?
3. The business interest of Memphis demand the re-opening of the churches.
Why, when we were called upon, time and again, to contribute to the building
of new churches by Baptists, Methodists, Presbyterians, Episcopalian, or what
not, we were always told, and the expression was stereotyped: "It will be of
service to the business interest of Memphis. It will call in the best class of people. It will bring capital here." Exactly so, reverend and venerable gentlemen.
Exactly so. And don't we need this "best class of people" and this "capital"
now? When, if ever did Memphis call aloud for men and money as she does
Page 64 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 6, 1863
now? What allurements have we to tempt good business men to remove here,
when there is not grace enough left here among our religious denominations to
give us two sermons each on a Sunday? Who would bring wife and child to
Memphis under such circumstances?
But the objection is, we can't pray for the Federal Government! Great God!
When Paul could pray for the Roman Government under a Nero; when the
minister at Richmond can pray for a rebellion under Davis, you cannot pray for
the Government for which your fathers died, and which has given you quiet
lives and freedom of conscience all your days!
And why can't you pray for the Federal Government? Your Bible enjoins you
to do it. Your books of discipline, by whatever name known, require it. It now
represents "the powers that be," whether they are of your own choosing or not.
If you were in England or France you would unite in prayer for the established
government. Can you not do as much here? If Mr. Lincoln, who certainly was
constitutionally elected, you can't dent that, if Mr. Lincoln is a "despot" or a
"baboon" pray to the God of Wisdom to enlighten him. To God the Power to
control him. Why, you used, when we went to hear you preach, to pray for
"poor sinners." You used to pray for us "the chief of sinners." No person was so
mean and [so lowly as not to be included] in your prayers. Paul, if we recollect
aright, suggested the idea, and himself practiced upon it. Is Mr. Lincoln so different from other sinners as to be beyond the influence of your prayers? Why
our Catholic brethren even pray for a man after he gets into hell, leastwise into
purgatory, which is the anteroom, as we understand it-and is not Mr. Lincoln
still above ground? The objection is absurd and unreasonable by any theological, or common sense argument.
Open then your churches, giving the military authorities the proper assurance,
that no treason shall be plotted or uttered from your pulpit. If these demands
are refused, we trust the authorities will take immediate steps to confiscate
property bought for public use, and thus lying idle and worthless to the community. We hope that as soon as our Courts are re-opened that proceedings of
the Chancery will be had against every church corporation which to throw
open its doors to regular and godly worship, and we give [assurances] that we
shall not cease the agitation of this subject, until the public demand, so proper
and justifiable in itself, is complied with.
Memphis Bulletin, September 6, 1863.
NOTE 1: Of or relating to the theology of Jacobus Arminius and his followers, who
rejected the Calvinist doctrines of predestination and election and who believed that human free will was compatible with God's sovereignty.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 65
September 6, 1863
September 6, 1863 - "This morning six of them attacked an officer and three men firing on
them from the brush. . . " Guerrillas in Middle Tennessee
Went to church this morning for the last time in Murfreesboro, as we had
marching orders but was not allowed to stay as order came to march at 12
o'clock for McMinnville. Marched 8 miles and camped on Cripple Creek. One
of the boys on picket got sight of a gurilla and gave chase, firing four shots at
him but unluckily did not hit him and he got clear off through the woods.
This morning six of them attacked an officer and three men firing on them
from the brush killing one horse and then rushed on them. One of the men who
was some distance behind ran away, but the other three beat off the rebels. The
officer had been in the habit of spending his Sunday evenings with a young
lady out of town, so they knew where to look for him. Men who go out in the
country to court rebel ladies want to look our for themselves as well as their
"dearies."
Alley Diary
September 6, 1863 - Pursuit of Confederates, Sweet Water to Philadelphia
OOLTEWAH, September 7, 1863.
Col. G. W. BRENT, Chattanooga:
Col. Scott met the enemy yesterday evening 4 or 5 miles this side of Sweet
Water. They were two regiments strong, supposed to be cavalry; not stated.
On Scott's approach they fell back to Sweet Water. Scott pursued as far as Philadelphia. No other Federals in neighborhood of Charleston. This is the force
spoken of in former dispatch.
S. B. BUCKNER, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, pp. 622-623.
September 7, 1863 - "MARKET."
A walk through the market house on Saturday morning called vividly to mind
the richly laden stalls and multitudinous crowds of people buying and selling
commodities, that in former years constituted the great feature of our Saturdays. We have not seen a better market since the reign of the old "public functionary." Vegetables, fruit, butter, eggs, chickens, etc., were bountifully
displayed, while the butchers hooks and skewers were laded with ancient variety of meats, and of premium quality compared with what the people have
heretofore tried to masticate. Prices for all articles of marketing continue to
rule high, and the longest ladder reaches the prize; but, contrasted with the
impoverishing tariff on other saleable things, our people may be said to feed
very cheaply. The large and increasing attendance of marketers is die to the
present pass system, as so judiciously regulated by the energetic Provost Mar-
Page 66 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
shall Col. Geo. Spalding, and as long as the earth "brings forth" we may rejoice
that famine is far off.
Nashville Daily Press, September 7, 1863
September 7, 1863 - South Side Institute
The annual session of this excellent school will begin this morning. Mrs.
Emma Holcomb, the Principal is well known as one of the most successful
teachers and disciplinarians in the country, and the Institute has every other
attraction to commend it to a liberal support. We are informed that the accomplished artiste and teacher of the Piano, Miss Panelle, whose service have been
engaged, is expected here in the course of the present month, she being
unavoidably detained on account of illness.
Nashville Daily Press, September 7, 1863.
September 7, 1863 - Reconnaissance toward Chattanooga, skirmishing on Tennessee River,
at mouth of Lookout Valley and breastworks at Lookout Creek
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS,
In front of Chattanooga, September 7, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. HAZEN:
GEN.: Gen. Wood opened on the enemy this p. m. on the opposite side of the
river, at the mouth of Lookout Valley, with musketry and artillery, the enemy
replying. The enemy have two batteries on the point of Lookout Mountain, one
commanding Lookout Valley, and the other the river and valley in this direction; also breastworks at Lookout Creek, commanding the road to Chattanooga. I have directed Col. Jordan to send some men over the river at the
mouth of Chickamauga in the morning, and I shall take one regiment and a section of artillery and go there in person tomorrow; if by using the artillery I can
cross, I shall do it. Gen. Reynolds is reported by courier from Gen. Wood to be
at Trenton. Appearances indicate about a division at Chattanooga with plenty
of artillery. Forrest is reported to have gone below. We will have communication with Gen. Wood, by way of Williams' Island, to-morrow.
Very truly, yours.
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 429-430.
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the September 26, 1863 report of Colonel Alexander McIlvain,
64th Ohio Infantry.
HDQRS. SIXTY-FOURTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Chattanooga,
September 26, 1863:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 67
September 7, 1863
~~~
On the 7th, the regiment accompanied the brigade on the reconnaissance
toward Chattanooga, in rear and supporting the section of the Sixth Ohio Battery, except Companies E and K, in charge of Lieut.-Col. Brown, who were
detached toward Kelley's Ford to guard the left flank from an attack. The command, though exposed at times to the enemy's fire without having an opportunity of returning it, manifested the utmost willingness to discharge whatever
duty was assigned it throughout the expedition.
~~~
ALEXANDER McILVAIN
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 701-702.
HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga,
E. Tenn., September 25, 1863.
Capt. P. P. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
CAPT.: I have the honor to submit the accompanying documents, which I
request that the general commanding the corps will transmit, with such
indorsement as he may judge proper, to department headquarters. I think these
documents clearly show, first, that the change I made in the position of my
command during the night of the 6th instant was eminently proper and judicious, being imperatively demanded by the circumstances by which I was surrounded. Second, I think that these documents show further that the
reconnaissance of the 7th was made at the earliest possible moment compatible
with the safety of my command and the success of the reconnaissance, and
hence that there was nothing in the delay which occurred in the forenoon of the
7th partaking of the nature of disobedience of orders or of neglect of duty.
The bold and brilliant manner in which the reconnaissance was conducted vindicates my arrangements, and to make them time was necessary. I regret now
that I did not write a note during the forenoon of the 7th, for the information of
the corps and department commanders, saying the reconnaissance would be
delayed till noon in its movements on account of the necessity of making necessary arrangements in advance. Not so to write was simply an unintentional
oversight, and I can only say in explanation of it that I was busily engaged the
whole forenoon of the 7th up to 11.30 in the field on horseback making the
necessary dispositions, and that I wrote the note of 11.30 a. m. at the first
moment that I dismounted from my horse.
I request that this letter be forwarded, with the accompanying documents, to
department headquarters. It is necessary to a full understanding of the whole
question.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen. of Volunteers, Comdg.
Indorsement.]
Page 68 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
HDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS,
Chattanooga, September 26, 1863.
Respectfully forwarded.
I have never in any communication to department headquarters blamed Gen.
Wood for changing his position. I did expressly leave this matter to his discretion, and therefore, if he did wrong, I am to blame. I will be entirely satisfied if
the communications submitted by Gen. Wood vindicate him at department
headquarters for his delay in making the reconnaissance.
Gen. Wood did not apprise me of the delay in making the reconnaissance until
11.30 a. m., although he received the order to make it, without loss of time, at
7.45 a. m., and when he did inform me of the delay he added that he would during the day make the reconnaissance, as ordered, with Harker's brigade. I think
it was Gen. Wood's duty to have informed me at once of the delay which he
claims was necessary in making the reconnaissance, and that I did him no
injustice in my communication on the subject to department headquarters.
Gen. Wood has disclaimed any intention of being disrespectful to me in any of
his communications, and I hope this matter is ended.
T. L. CRITTENDEN, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
[Inclosure.]
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIV., 21ST ARMY CORPS, September 16,
1863.
Capt. M. P. BESTOW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen., First Division:
CAPT.: I believe the position at the junction of the Chattanooga and Nashville
Railroad with the Chattanooga and Trenton Railroad, __________ at which
point our division halted during the afternoon [6th instant], to be entirely open,
capable of being attacked on all sides simultaneously, and hence a dangerous
and injudicious position for an inferior force in numbers to receive an attack
from a superior force in numbers.
Second, all the information we received during the afternoon and early evening
of Sunday, the 6th instant, went to show that we were in the immediate proximity of a large force, and that we were liable to be attacked the following morning, at a great disadvantage to ourselves.
Third, I do believe it was proper and judicious, under the existing circumstances, to take up a new position that night, 11/2 miles to the rear, which could
be more easily defended.
Fourth, I do not believe the change of position interfered with the object to be
gained, viz.,: a reconnaissance into Lookout Valley, but, to the contrary, we
gained a stronger position from which to act.
Fifth, believing, as we did, that the enemy was not evacuating, and that he
might assail Col. Harker in force, I think it was just and proper to put my bri-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 69
September 7, 1863
gade in position as a reserve, during the reconnaissance made by Col. Harker
the next morning, as it was a much stronger position than any between there
and the point of the mountain; and, furthermore, I think Harker's battery and
my brigade were put in position and the reconnaissance was made as early on
the morning of the 7th instant as was possible with safety.
Sixth, I believe everything was accomplished by the reconnaissance that could
have been had it been made earlier in the morning.
I am, very respectfully,
GEO. P. BUELL, Col., Comdg. First Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 851-853.
HDQRS. 1ST DIVISION, 21ST ARMY CORPS, Junction of Road via Whiteside's and Trenton Road, September 8-1.30 p. m.
Respectfully forwarded through corps headquarters for the information of the
commanding general of the army.
I sent in the substance of Col. Harker's verbal report last evening, immediately
on his return, but time was necessary this morning for the preparation of the
written report. . . The arrangements made for the reconnaissance, and the time
of its moving, were well adjusted, and the reconnaissance itself was most brilliantly and successfully conducted by Col. Harker. I do not believe that military annals offer an instance of a more daring reconnaissance made by so small
a force against an intrenched position, strongly garrisoned, attended with so little loss.
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen., &c., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 683.
Report of Col. Charles G. Harker, Sixty-fifth Ohio Infantry, commanding Third
Brigade.
HDQRS. 3d BRIG., 1ST DIV., 21ST ARMY CORPS, Camp on Trenton and
Chattanooga Road, 1 1/2 miles from junction of Trenton Branch Railroad with
Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, September 8, 1863.
SIR: I have the honor very respectfully to submit the following report of the
reconnaissance made by my brigade in the direction of Chattanooga on yesterday, the 7th instant:
My command, consisting of four regiments of infantry, the One hundred and
twenty-fifth, Sixty-fifth, and Sixty-fourth Ohio, and Third Kentucky, and two
pieces of artillery, left the camp at 1 p. m. yesterday. My instructions from the
general commanding the division were, in substance, as follows: To proceed in
the direction of Chattanooga, feeling my way very carefully, and not to push
my reconnaissance beyond the point where the wagon road crosses Lookout
Creek, and not so far as that point if I should deem it unsafe, and to return to
camp before nightfall.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
After leaving our pickets I disposed of my force to the best of my judgment
and advanced with great caution. About 300 yards beyond the junction of the
Trenton Railroad with the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, I first encountered the enemy's vedettes, which retreated rapidly before our skirmishers. We
soon after reached a thin line of the enemy's infantry skirmishers which were
driven rapidly by our own.
The general width of the valley between the secondary ridges was about half a
mile. My skirmishers covered this entire distance, and there was more or less
skirmishing along the entire line.
At a point about three-quarters of a mile northeast of the Trenton and Chattanooga Railroad, there is a ford on Lookout Creek, and a road leading thence
along Lookout Mountain to Chattanooga. Near this I left four companies in
charge of a field officer to guard the crossing and keep me apprised of any
movement upon my right. I also sent four companies in charge of a field officer
to take a strong position on the Kelley's Ferry and Wauhatchie road to guard
against any demonstration upon my left. I then marched on until my advance
reached Parker's house. At this point a road from Kelley's Ferry comes into the
main Trenton and Chattanooga road. From Parker's house there are two wagon
roads to Chattanooga, the right fork running north 65 east to the base of Lookout Mountain, the left fork running nearly due north until it intersects the main
wagon road to Kelley's Ferry, about half a mile from Parker's house. This road
then takes a winding northeasterly course toward the base of Lookout Mountain, crossing Lookout Creek at a brigade 1 mile from Parker's house and 4
miles from Chattanooga. I took the right fork.
When the most of my force had reached the vicinity of Parker's house, the
enemy opened upon me with artillery located on the western slope of Lookout
Mountain. The battery or batteries were estimated to be from 300 to 400 feet
above the level of the railroad and about 1, 100 yards from my main command,
though my skirmishers were much nearer, having arrived at the crossing of
Lookout Creek. I could not ascertain the number of his pieces, but from the
extreme right to the left the distance was about 200 yards. These batteries command all the ground in the vicinity of the right fork, or the road upon which I
was at the time. Their pieces were light 6 and 12 pounders. They had our range
quite accurately, dropping their shells (many of which did not explode) quite
near us, but, taking advantage of the ground, my casualties were very light.
I found the map furnished me very incorrect. I herewith inclose a more correct
one [map not found] based upon my own observation and the best information
I could gather from the citizens, &c.
The strength of the enemy must only be inferred from circumstances. They
presented a strong line of skirmishers in the vicinity of the crossing of Lookout
Creek, and when so hotly engaged by our own as to be unable to resist us
longer, they were ordered to "fall back on their regiment or regiments," supposed to be not far from the right of the creek at the ford. But as the battery
opened upon us shortly after this, and as I was ordered not to go beyond Look-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 71
September 7, 1863
out Creek, the regiments did not become engaged. From Mr. Parker (who has
the reputation of being a Union man) I learned that one brigade (Strahl's) was
encamped about 1 mile to the east of his house as late as the 5th instant. Mr.
[Parker] has a pass dated "Hdqrs. Strahl's brigade, on outpost duty, September
3, 1863."
Mr. [Parker] states that he was in Chattanooga on the 3d; that the mountain is
strongly fortified to guard the approaches from this direction; that he saw but
few troops in the town and no artillery there, but from the indication of the
woods in the surrounding country, and from what he could learn, he believed
the enemy were there in strong force. A prisoner whom we captured stated that
Bragg was being re-enforced from Johnston's command, and also from South
Carolina. The battery which opened upon me commands all the ground in the
vicinity of the road upon which I was approaching. A column cannot approach
from this direction without being subjected to great slaughter, and should it
succeed in approaching so near as to make the guns which opened upon me
ineffective from their great elevation, it is reasonable to suppose that there are
lower batteries which might be brought to bear upon us. Should it be designed
to approach from this direction, I would recommend another reconnaissance by
the left fork of the road from Parker's house. It is possible that new facts might
thus be developed in regard to the nature of the ground, the position and
strength of enemy's batteries which from the late hour of the day and the nature
of my instructions, safety of my command, &c., did not permit me to ascertain.
I regard his position however as a very formidable one, if he intends making a
stubborn resistance.
Having pushed my reconnaissance as far as ordered and carried out my instructions to the best of my ability, I returned to camp, arriving about nightfall.
My loss was 1 man killed by the bursting of a shell.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. G. HARKER, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 681-682.
September 7, 1863 - "Police Court."
The whisky mania among the uncivil civilians of the lower order rules as
unabatedly as fruit-peddling among the juveniles and niggers of the township,
how shocking severe it may be to the moral element. Out of eighteen cases
tried by the Recorder yesterday morning, twelve were presented for drunkenness and disorderly conduct, and for about two or three months this has been
the common ratio. Some of them were "hardened sinners," others occasionally
inebriated, and a few beguiled innocents. The only remedy we can suggest for
the eradication of this great evil is to give free license to a score of our most
expert and capacious "rummies" to drink their fill-the early absorption of all
the vile liquor in this part of the globe would surely not be an impracticable
Page 72 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
method of attaining object so humane and desirable. Next to the bibbers come
the venders of "cold pizen." Two of them were fined for having in their employ
clerks who had not been sworn as the law requires. Violating the market laws,
leaving a cellar door open all night, running a dray with out license, and stealing onion from the market house, were the charges against the remaining
dependents, all of whom were found guilty. Three "defaulters" were transferred
to the workhouse. Amount paid in fines and costs, $124.50.
Nashville Daily Press, September 8, 1863.
September 7, 1863 - Federal situation report in East Tennessee
OPPOSITE CHATTANOOGA, September 7, 1863—10 a. m.
Gen. ROSECRANS:
Have had communication with Burnside's forces. His cavalry is at Washington
and Athens. Loudon Bridge is burned. Hiwassee Bridge probably burned. Gen.
Burnside's headquarters at Knoxville. Buckner's forces reported pressing down
the railroad in direction of Rome. Not very reliable. Large force here, at least
one division; reported to be Cheatham's. Works at Friar's Island abandoned. No
infantry pickets above Chattanooga; they are relieved by cavalry. Forrest said
to have gone in the direction of Rome. Enemy strongly fortified between Lookout Mountain and the river. Gen. Wood had a fight with them there yesterday.
He is in Lookout Valley. I will shell the enemy on Lookout Mountain from this
side of the river to-day in order to aid Gen. Wood. Have reported to you more
fully by courier. We have boats to cross as soon as we are able. The enemy
broke up their pontoon-bridge last night.
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 426.
September 7, 1863 - Loudon and Hiawassee bridges burned by Confederates
•See September 7, 1863--Federal situation report in East Tennessee
September 7, 1863 - SPECIAL ORDERS No. 62, One-hundred and third Ohio sent by rail
from Knoxville to carry out an expedition in Jonesborough environs
SPECIAL ORDERS, No. 62. HDQRS, TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS,
Knoxville, Tenn., September 7, 1863.
~~~
VI. The One hundred and third Ohio, Col. Casement, will proceed to Knoxville
immediately, prepared to make an expedition on the cars to Jonesborough, or
to some point on the railroad east of that place, for the purpose of repairing and
guarding the railroad temporarily wherever it may need either. Col. Casement
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 73
September 7, 1863
will bring his regimental baggage and his share of the ration pertaining to the
brigade, after exhausting which he will subsist off the country. At this place he
will procure the necessary tools for repairs on the road. Gen. Hascall will use
every effort to hurry the regiment forward. It will return on the train which carries this order.
~~~
By command of Maj.-Gen. Hartsuff
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 436.
September 7, 1863 - Scout from Kingston to Athens, Smith's Cross-Roads Pikeville environs
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS,
Kingston, Tenn., September 7, 1863.
[Col. R. H. G. MINTY:]
COL.: As your courier is now going to return I will send you some information
as to my future movements. I am ordered with my brigade to Athens, Tenn.,
and have orders to scout up as far as Decatur or Smith's Cross-Roads, where I
understand your brigade now is.
One of Forrest's body-guard came in yesterday and a negro servant of his division quartermaster to-day, who inform me that Forrest is now at Philadelphia
with three brigades and that Breckinridge has joined him with a division. Forrest has thirteen pieces of artillery, seven large and five small ones.
My brigade will be over the river to-day and will march toward Athens to-morrow. I have orders to communicate with Rosecrans' forces at Pikeville or the
nearest point. I will probably communicate with you at Smith's Cross-Roads.
By command of Col. R. K. Byrd:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 461-462.
September 7, 1863 - Confederate works shelled and skirmish before Chattanooga
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, Opposite Chattanooga, September 8, 1863—10 a. m.
Brig.-Gen. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff, Department of the Cumberland:
GEN.: I forward several communications from different officers, which will
give you some idea of the position of affairs here.
On yesterday I had the works of the enemy shelled at Chattanooga as a diversion from Gen. Wood, who is opposite in Lookout Valley. He had a sharp fight
with them, driving them out of the valley. They are strongly intrenched
between Lookout Mountain and the river. I shall try to shell them to-day from
this side. There seem to be no camps now above Chattanooga at any point in
sight.
Page 74 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
The river is guarded by cavalry, infantry having left two days ago. Large bodies of troops have been moving to be no increase of force about the city. As
near as we can learn, Cheatham's division of four brigades is here yet. What
has become of Buckner? I have no information except what is contained in
report of scout, marked No. 1.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 459.
September 7, 1863 - Skirmish on "the hill;" Federal Signal Corpsmen checked by Confederates on Lookout Mountain
SEPTEMBER 7, 1863.
Maj. Gen. T. L. CRITTENDEN:
GEN.: A messenger just in from Lieut. Fitch, of the signal corps, reports that
my company detailed for signal guard are resisted in attempting to reach "the
hill." One of our men was severely wounded in the skirmish. I don't know
where "the hill" is, and am not in a condition to determine what force ought to
go out. The messenger says there are marks, as if mountain howitzers had been
about. I will order one regiment to march at once, to be strengthened or diminished as you may direct.
Respectfully,
JOHN M. PALMER.
[Inclosure.]
LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN-12.40 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. PALMER:
The enemy have checked us near the top of the mountain. We do not know
their strength. Will fall back. We have 1 wounded.
FITCH, Lieut., Signal Officer.
Can you send more men? We only have 35.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 428-429.
September 7, 1863 - Co. C, 5th Iowa Cavalry, on the move from Murfreesboro to McMinnville
Today we marched to the "Widow Long's" eight miles east and southeast of
Woodbury, a poor hungry, half starved looking village, 18 miles from Murfreesboro. The land is poor looking, also the houses, also the churches and also
the people. If they are union people, why the place has one redeeming feature.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 75
September 7, 1863
It is situated near Stone Creek at a place where two villages or ravines join, one
coming down from the east the other from the southeast.
The country from here to Cripple Creek is one succession of wooded hills and
open valleys and abounds in pleasant picturesque views. We were ascending
all day but after leaving the town we commenced ascending one of the ridges.
The hills were from perhaps two to four hundred feet high and we soon
reached the top of the one we were on, but instead of the step descent I looked
for—there was a good level road; and a pleasant, undulating country. . .
.Before us lay a broad valley. Some twelve miles or more across, and there the
blue hills shut off the view. . .
Alley Diary
September 7, 1863 - Federal Provost Marshall seeks release of political prisoners in East
Tennessee
Office Provost Marshal Gen. of E. Tenn.
Knoxville, Sept. 7th, 1863
All persons whose friends have been arrested for political offenses, and carried
off by the Rebels, and are still held in confinement, are requested to report the
names of such prisoners at this office, as soon as possible, with the charges on
which they were arrested, on order that measures may be taken to secure their
release.
By command of S. P. CARTER, Brig. Gen. and Pro. Mar. Gen. E. Tenn.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, October 13, 1863.
September 7, 1863 - Confederate money and events in recently occupied Knoxville
In a day or two we expect to have news from various sources that will have
such an effect on the Confederate shinplaster that somebody will be obliged to
invent a new arithmetic by which to calculate its value. If it is worth nothing
now, what will it be worth when the Rebel government packs up its traps and
flees from the wrath to come? That's the question.
Our city on Saturday [5th] presented an appearance of bustle and activity quite
unusual. The people of the surrounding country had come in to help us be joyful and to clasp hands with their deliverers.
At two o'clock P. M. a large meeting was organized in front of the Franklin
House, which was addressed by Gens. Burnside and Carter, and Col. Baxter, of
this city. Gen Burnside was received with rousing cheers, and in a few manly
words returned thanks for his reception, and earnestly advised the people to
[extend] magnanimity and forbearance in the hour of triumph, and again
assured the citizens of his ability and determination to keep the Richmond despotism out of East Tennessee hereafter. The speeches of Gen. Carter and Col.
Baxtor were to the same effect.
Page 76 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
The 1st brigade of Gen Hascall's division, commanded by Col. S. A. Gilbert,
entered our city Saturday afternoon from the Kingston road. This brigade is
composed to the 44th, 100th, and the 104th regiments Ohio volunteer infantry,
with the 19th Ohio battery temporarily attached, and marching through our
streets with a full brigade band, presented a sight altogether new to our citizens. We have seen so accustomed to see soldiers in costumes in various stages
of decay that it took on a whole brigede of men with hats, shoes, whole clothes,
knapsacks and canteens, was somewhat unique. The whole brigade marched in
excellent order, and the 104th Ohio was especially noticeable for its great proficiency in drill, which was made more apparent yesterday morning when it
went through the guard mounting on Main street under the direction of Major
Jordon with a conformity to regulations surprising in a volunteer regiment.
With such soldiers as these in their midst our citizens need not fear for the
future.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 7, 1863.
September 7, 1863 - Some of the activities of the Federal provost Marshal in newly occupied
Knoxville
Capt. A. J. Bahney, company C, 10th regiment Ohio infantry, has relieved Col.
Phillips in the Provost Marshal's office of this city, and all passes from this date
must bear Capt. Bahney's name to be good.
The Captain is doing a heavy business, as all persons coming in is very large,
the daily work in the Provost's office amounts to considerable.
Capt. Bahney is also paying to the disloyal among us, and however able they
may consider themselves to take care of number one, he insists on taking them
under his protection.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 7, 1863.
September 7, 1863 - September 8, 1863 - Bombardment of Confederates, Chattanooga environs
HDQRS., In front Chattanooga, Tenn., September 8, 1863—8 a. m.
Brig.-Gen. HAZEN:
GEN.:. . . We shelled the enemy yesterday to aid Gen. Wood. He is in Lookout
Valley and had quite a fight with the enemy yesterday. We will try to shell the
rebels in his front from this side of the river to-day, so as to help him, but I do
not quite understand what he is trying to do, as he cannot take the place while
there are so many troops there as yesterday. I think Cheatham's division is still
near. Col. Wilder will make a strong demonstration to-day above Chattanooga.
~~~
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 77
September 7, 1863
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 463.
September 7, 1863 - September 10, 1863 - Operations about and capture of Cumberland
Gap; negotiating the Confederate capitulation
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 9.-Rebels at Cumberland Gap, under Gen. Frazer, surrender 2, 300
men, 12 pieces of artillery, including Gen. Frazer and staff.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 578.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, September 10, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. THOMAS, Comdg. Fourteenth Army Corps:
We received a dispatch from Burnside to-day, informing us that his operations
for the liberation of East Tennessee have resulted in the capture of 3 locomotives and 20 cars; also 2,000 prisoners and 14 pieces of artillery at Cumberland
Gap. They surrendered unconditionally.
Very respectfully,
J. P. DROUILLARD, Capt. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 508.
HDQRS. U. S. MIL. TELEGRAPH, DIV., OF THE MISSISSIPPI, Louisville,
Ky., October 4, 1863.
Col. ANSON STAGER, Gen. Superintendent U. S. Military Telegraph:
COL.: I have the honor to submit herewith my report for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1864:
~~~
In the summer and autumn of 1863 we followed Maj.-Gen. Burnside's army
into East Tennessee, through Cumberland Gap, keeping up with the same as
long as our material lasted, when the work was considerably delayed for want
of material which had been ordered from Col. Stager, but which he was unable
to obtain in sufficient time to keep us supplied.
Notwithstanding these drawbacks and the mountainous country through which
we worked, we reached Cumberland Gap almost as soon as it was evacuated
by the enemy, and from thence extended the line through to Knoxville via
Strawberry Plains.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 52, pt. I, pp. 482-483.
Page 78 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
Correspondence relating to the surrender of Confederate forces at Cumberland
Gap, September 9, 1863.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES,
In front of Cumberland Gap, September 7, 1863.
Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
GEN.: You are surrounded by my forces. In order to save the effusion of blood
and the unnecessary loss of life, I demand the unconditional surrender of yourself and command by 3 o'clock, instant.
I am, general, very respectfully,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS., Cumberland Gap, September 7, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. SHACKELFORD, Comdg. U. S. Forces:
GEN.: I have just received your note of to-day demanding the unconditional
surrender of myself and forces. In reply I have simply to state that I must
decline acceding thereto.
I am, general, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
HDQRS., Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Brig. Gen. J. M. SHACKELFORD, Comdg. U. S. Forces near Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: A flag of truce is just in from Col. De Courcy, commanding United
States forces on Kentucky side the gap, and I ask you to suspend any demonstrations until the same is terminated, of which you shall have immediate
notice.
I am, general, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
SEPTEMBER 8, 1863.
Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
SIR: I have the honor to request you to surrender yourself and all the troops
under your command, unconditionally. The gap is now completely invested,
and a short or a protracted resistance on your part will only cause a useless and,
therefore, cruel loss of life. You may rest assured that if you deem it your duty
for the above reasons to surrender to my forces, I shall likewise deem it my
duty to see that yourself and all your command are treated with due respect and
consideration.
I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant,
JOHN F. DE COURCY, Col., Comdg. U. S. Forces North of Cumberland Gap.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 79
September 7, 1863
HDQRS., Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Brig. Gen. J. M. SHACKELFORD, Comdg. U. S. Forces near Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: Your second demand for an unconditional surrender of myself and
forces of this date is received. In answer I would say that I have no cause to
change my decision of yesterday, and consequently decline the proposition.
I am, general, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
HDQRS.,
Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863. Col. JOHN F. DE COURCY, Comdg. U.
S. Forces, Kentucky Side:
COL.: Your demand for an unconditional surrender of myself and forces is just
received. I would state that a similar demand has been made on two consecutive days by Brig.-Gen. Shackelford, on Tennessee side, both of which I at
once declined. I would further state that it is customary in matters of this kind
to know the number demanding surrender, which I ask of you to furnish. I
would also ask in connection with the above that some time may be fixed for a
definite answer, say 12 m. tomorrow, as none was stated in your communication.
I am, colonel, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
Gen. FRAZER,
Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland [Gap]:
SIR: I should not have the slightest hesitation in stating to you (as you appear
to request) the number of troops under my immediate command, but cannot
comply with your request for reasons arising out of considerations other than
those connected with your defense of the gap. I once more assure you that in
asking you to surrender, I was and am actuated by pure motives of common
humanity, and I do firmly and really believe that your defense of the gap, however bravely and scientifically it may be conducted, will and must have only
one result. I honor and respect above all men a brave and good soldier, and
have ever and shall endeavor to treat in that honorable mode which such a soldier merits; and for this reason, if for no other, I feel anxious to spare nothing
which may prevent a cruel and totally needless effusion of blood. You may
have remarked that I did not allow my artillery to reply to yours this day. I shall
place tomorrow some of it in position, but will not open fire before 12 o'clock,
as you have requested. I hope, however, that long before that hour you will
have surrendered. Should you agree to do so please report tomorrow to me by
meeting me on the Harlan road, sending at the same time another flag of truce
on the road you met mine on to-day.
Page 80 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant,
JOHN F. DE COURCY, Col. Comdg. U. S. Forces.
HDQRS., Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Gen. J. M. SHACKELFORD, Comdg. U. S. Forces, &c.:
GEN.: I very much regret that a movement of cavalry followed your flag of
truce sent in this instant. This may be susceptible of perfect explanation, and I
would be pleased it should; but such movements in future cannot be considered
other than hostile, and must be met in like manner.
I am, general, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In front of Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Brig. Gen. JOHN W. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: Yours of this date, complaining of a movement of cavalry following my
flag of truce sent in this instant, has just been received. It was not a movement
of cavalry, as you supposed, but pickets detailed to relieve others. I was not
aware that the picket was en route for the station until it had nearly reached it. I
at once dispatched an orderly to stop them. He did not overtake them until they
reached the station. It was no purpose on my part to violate the rule; on the
contrary, I regretted the movement of the pickets at that time.
I am, general, very respectfully,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In front of Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Brig. Gen. JOHN W. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: I again, in order to save the unnecessary loss of human life, demand an
unconditional surrender of yourself and your command in the gap. You have
until 3 p. m., instant, to decide the proposition.
I am, general, very respectfully,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In front of Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863.
Brig. Gen. JOHN W. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: Yours of this evening informing me that a flag of truce has just been
received by you from Col. De Courcy, commanding United States forces on
Kentucky side the gap, and asking a suspension of demonstrations until the
same is terminated, of which you will give me immediate notice, has just been
received. I will comply with your request.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 81
September 7, 1863
I am, general, very respectfully,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
SEPTEMBER 9, 1863.
Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
SIR: It is now 12. 30 [p.] m., and I shall not open fire until 2 p. m. unless before
that time you shall have struck all your flags and hoisted in their stead the
white flags in token of surrender. I deem this further hour and a half which I
grant for a suspension of hostilities as sufficient time to enable you to have
received Gen. Burnside's decision.
I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant,
JOHN F. DE COURCY, Col., Comdg. U. S. Forces North of the Gap.
HDQRS. U. S. FORCES, In front of Cumberland Gap, September 9, 1863.
Brig. Gen. JOHN W. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland
Gap:
GEN.: On last evening I agreed to suspend demonstrations until a flag of truce,
then pending between Col. De Courcy, on the Kentucky side of the mountain,
and yourself had terminated. I supposed, of course, that I would received
notice from you last night some time of the termination of the interview. Judging from your promptness in replying to my flags I apprehend that there has
been some mistake in the matter, and send on for explanation of the delay. The
troops you may have seen moving this morning are troops that have just
arrived, and I have ordered them, in compliance with the agreement, to halt and
remain until I hear from you.
I am, general, very respectfully,
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
SEPTEMBER 9, 1863.
Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
SIR: I regret that you should deem improper my action in the matter of placing
guns in position, and when you reflect that I did not reply to your fire yesterday
when I might have done so, and that you asked for a prolongation of time,
which I did not require, but granted from motives of courtesy to you and
humanity to both sides, I cannot feel that I have acted improperly, or in any
way contrary to the usages of modern warfare, particularly in respect to fortified and completely invested positions, such as your present one in Cumberland Gap. I shall consider you, if you so wish it, as being perfectly at liberty to
open fire whenever you like. I shall still, however, keep to my promise and
give you time until 12 m. to consider the terms I offered you, and as I received
news last night of additional forces coming up to us this morning, you will be
compelled to see before many hours that in accepting my terms you would be
only doing that which, under the circumstances, is proper and humane, in a
Page 82 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 7, 1863
common-sense point of view, and strictly in accordance with military custom
in like cases.
I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant,
JOHN F. DE COURCY, Comdg. U. S. Forces North Side Gap.
HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September 9, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
GEN.: As ample time has been given for negotiation, you will be kind enough
to dismiss at once from your lines our flags of truce from both sides of the gap
and cease communication with any of the United States forces excepting
through myself, as none other will be considered valid. At the same time, with
the view of avoiding the effusion of blood, I beg to state that I have a force
present with me sufficient, in all human probability, to carry your position, and
should your reply not be satisfactory shall commence operations with a view of
assaulting your position at such points and with such forces as I may deem
proper, immediately on the return of the officer carrying this note, who has permission to remain one hour at your pickets.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen., Comdg., &c.
[P. S. ]—Maj. Van Buren, aide-de-camp on my staff, will be the bearer hereof.
HDQRS., Cumberland Gap, September 9, 1863.
Maj. Gen. AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE, Comdg. U. S. Forces, near Cumberland Gap:
GEN.: As my communications with Gen. Shackelford and Col. De Courcy will
show, I intended contesting the position, but will now surrender on condition
that the officers and men of my command be released on parole.
I am, general, very respectfully,
Jno. W. FRAZER, Brig.-Gen.
[Indorsement.]
The answer to this is lost. It stated that he (Gen. B[urnside]) would willingly
parole the command, but that according to the cartel this arrangement could
only be made with generals commanding independent forces in the field, and
closed by again demanding surrender, with assurances of kind treatment to the
command.
C. W. FRAZER, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September 9, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. FRAZER, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Cumberland Gap:
GEN.: By direction of the commanding general, I have the honor to inform you
that he will meet you directly to receive the surrender of your command. He
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 83
September 8, 1863
also instructs me to assure you that every privilege shall be granted to yourself
and command that the usages of war will permit.
I have the honor to be, general very respectfully, your obedient servant,
LEWIS RICHMOND, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 617-622.
September 8, 1863 - Continued Federal bombardment of Confederate works, and construction of boats to ferry artillery across Tennessee River, Chattanooga environs
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS, Camp opposite Friar's Island, September 8, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. HAZEN, Comdg., Poe's Tavern:
GEN.: I have been firing for some time this morning. Find the works occupied
by a small force—say 150 or 200.
The river at this point can be forded easily; the current is very swift, however.
The boat building on the creek will be finished by daylight to-morrow and will
carry one gun and caisson. I am satisfied that this is the point at which a crossing should be made. They have no artillery in their works to-day. The position
can be carried with but little loss, I think.
Yours, respectfully,
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
P. S. -The pontoons at Chattanooga are taken to pieces this morning.
J. T. W.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS, Friar's Island,
September 8, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. HAZEN, Poe's Tavern:
GEN.: I have the Seventeenth Indiana (dismounted) on Friar's Island. They
crossed in boats without discovery. It is now too late to cross the river. I propose to make a dash and carry the works at daylight with the Seventeenth Indiana, supported by the Seventy-second Indiana, on horseback, across the ford,
they covered by the Forty-first Ohio and battery on this side of the river. I very
much desire to have all four of my regiments here, and at any rate reconnoiter
the country as far as Tyner's Station, and perhaps go into Chattanooga, if not
driven back. To do this I will need my whole command, so as to cover my
recrossing, in case I am forced to do so. If you will send me eight companies,
leaving two companies for vedette duty, I will try it. I believe there is but one
regiment to oppose my crossing; there may be more. It may be necessary to
await rising of the log.
Yours, respectfully,
Page 84 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
J. T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
P. S. -Send me all the information you can to-night.
J. T. W.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 464-465.
September 8, 1863 - Confederate anti-guerrilla patrol, skirmish with "Tinker" Dave
Beatty's band
Excerpt from the Report of Col. John M. Hughs, Twenty-fifth Tennessee Infantry, Dalton, GA, April 28, 1864NOTE 1, relative to attack on "Tinker" Dave
Beatty, September 8, 1863
~~~
On the 8th September, we attacked Beatty's band of robbers, killing 8 and routing the balance.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 647.
NOTE 1: This report was made eight months after the fact.
September 8, 1863 - Two reconnaissances ordered, to Lookout Mountain via Nickajack
Trace, and Lookout Mountain to Summertown
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the October 1, 1863 report of Major-General Thomas L. Crittenden, U. S. Army, commanding 21st Army Corps, relative to orders for two
reconnaissances to Lookout Mountain and Summertown:
~~~
September 8.-Gave orders to make two reconnaissances to-morrow morning
[9th]; the one up Lookout Mountain via Nickajack Trace, and for which Gen.
Beatty and his brigade were detailed, the other up same mountain to Summertown, for which Col. Grose, and three regiments were detailed, both to unite if
practicable on top of the mountain, and to start at or before day on the morrow.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 602.
September 8, 1863 - Confederate evacuation of Chattanooga completed
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the October 1, 1863 report of Major-General Thomas L. Crittenden, U. S. Army, commanding 21st Army Corps, relative to Confederate
evacuation of Chattanooga.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 85
September 8, 1863
September 9.-At 2.20 a. m. received dispatch from the general commanding
the army, approaching the two Reconnaissances ordered, and directing that the
whole command be held in readiness to move round the point of Lookout
Mountain to seize and occupy Chattanooga in the event of its being evacuated;
to move with caution and not to throw my artillery around the point of Lookout
Mountain till I am satisfied that the evacuation is not a ruse. Should I occupy
Chattanooga, I am to order Gen. Wagner and all his force across to join me.
At 5.45 a. m. further dispatches from department headquarters, apprising me of
the evacuation of Chattanooga and ordering that the whole command be
pushed forward at once with five days' rations, and to make a vigorous pursuit.
This latter dispatch was too late to stop the Reconnaissances ordered, but I lost
no time in putting the balance of the command in motion and arrived at Chattanooga with Gen. Wood's division at 12.30 p. m., having taken peaceable possession of same.
~~~
At 2.15 p. m., received further instructions from department headquarters
ordering me to leave a light brigade to hold Chattanooga, and with the balance
of my command to pursue the enemy with the utmost vigor. . .
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 602-603.
September 8, 1863 - Action at Limestone stationNOTE 1 and skirmish at Telford's station
Report of Colonel John W. Foster, Commanding the Second Cavalry Brigade
concerning the actions at Telford Station and Limestone Station.
MORRISTOWN, TENN.,
September 9, 1863.
GEN.: I sent you on yesterday the report of Lieut.-Col. Hayes, One hundredth
Ohio Volunteers, of the engagement between a detachment of his regiment and
the rebels near Limestone Station on yesterday [8th] morning. I pressed on
with the One hundred and third Ohio as rapidly as the inferior capacity of the
engine would permit, but our progress was slow and we did not arrive at Henderson's Station until midnight [9th] when we found the bridge at that place partially destroyed and the track burned. After considerable delay, I succeeded in
repairing the injuries sufficiently to cross the train.
Passing on 2 miles, I found the bridge over Ripley Creek burned and totally
destroyed. I was therefore compelled to disembark my men in order to proceed
any farther. Upon my arrival at this place (Ripley Creek), I heard the report that
the One hundredth Ohio had been taken prisoners. I pressed on with the intention of relieving the regiment or ascertaining the exact condition of it. When
near the scene of the last fight I learned the report to be true.
After the fight of the morning, Lieut.-Col. Hayes withdrew from Telford's to
Limestone Station. At half past 1 p. m. [9th] he was again attacked by the
enemy, who had been considerably re-enforced. After an engagement of two
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
hours and a half he was compelled to surrender to the enemy. Their force is
variously estimated at from 1,000 to 1, 800, having two Parrott guns and three
mountain howitzers. The force of the enemy was chiefly mounted men.
From all I can gather the defense of Lieut.-Col. Hayes was very determined
and stubborn, he only yielding after a protracted engagement to an overpowering force. Before the surrender the enemy had destroyed the railroad for 6
miles in his rear, and he was entirely surrounded. I cannot learn definitely the
loss of killed and wounded, but do not think it very heavy. The number of prisoners taken was about 200. One company that went up was guarding Lick
Creek Bridge and escaped capture, with probably 20 others. I approached near
to the pickets of the enemy, and found them camped near the battle-field in
force.
The One hundred and third Ohio with me had a fighting force about 375 men,
one company having been left at Morristown, and as the force of the enemy
was reported at the lowest estimate over 1,000 with five pieces of artillery, I
deemed it entirely imprudent to risk an engagement, especially as my chief
object was to occupy a location on the railroad as a base of operations for my
cavalry and protect the road. I intended to attempt to hold Henderson's Station,
but upon withdrawing to it I ascertained that the enemy was moving upon my
flank and rear with 700 or 800 cavalry, with the evident design of burning the
bridges and trestle below Greeneville and destroying the road, cutting off my
communications by railroad. As I was entirely powerless against cavalry with
such an object in view, I saw no alternative but to withdraw or suffer the fate of
the One hundredth Ohio. I accordingly withdrew the One hundred and Third
Ohio, with my entire train, and have stationed it at Lick Creek and Seven Pond
Bridges, being the most important bridges nearest to Greeneville. There are
two trestles near Greeneville, which should be guarded, but it would be too
hazardous to weaken and scatter my already too inferior force. I hope to be
able to preserve the entire line of railroad to Greeneville to-night, but you can
see difficulty of guarding 75 miles of road with so small a force against 1, 200
or 1,500 cavalry.
I have brought the train down to this place and will load it with one section of
Colvin's battery, and 50 cavalry of my brigade, which will arrive here to-night
and re-enforce the One hundred and Third Ohio. If the road is not destroyed
this evening I will advance to-morrow and occupy and hold Greeneville. It is
reported that the enemy at Bristol has been re-enforced by troops from Richmond, but I place no confidence whatever in the rumor. I think that after my
demonstration at Carter's on Sunday last, the enemy saw the necessity of
destroying the road, and have accordingly collected the whole available
mounted force at and in the vicinity of Bristol and Saltville for this purpose.
The road is destroyed as far as bridges are concerned as far down as Greeneville. I hope my brigade will be assembled in three days at Greeneville, and as
soon after as possible I will commence offensive operations. I have entire confidence in my ability, when so organized, to drive the enemy back, and if they
have not been re-enforced from the east or Cumberland Gap, to capture Bristol
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 87
September 8, 1863
and the salt-works. You can rest assured that the campaign shall not fail for
want of vigilance and energy on my part. I trust you may permit me to carry
out your original order as far as possible.
If you have heard that the Fifth Indiana Cavalry is not moving up promptly,
please order them to report to me at Greeneville, at once. Expedite the movement of the Ninth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and the detachments of my command left behind as much as possible. I send my locomotive down with this
dispatch.
The telegraph wire does not work down to Morristown; it may be the wire may
be down. I have instructed the officer in charge to return at an early hour tomorrow and look carefully to the line. I will return to Lick Creek Bridge tonight.
Very respectfully,
JOHN W. FOSTER, Col., Comdg. Second Cavalry Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 590-591.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 7.-. . . a detachment of the One hundredth Ohio Volunteer Infantry,
under Lieut.-Col. Hayes, was sent east on the East Tennessee and Virginia
Railroad, to Limestone Station, where, on the 8th, they were attacked by superior forces of the enemy and compelled to surrender. Losses, 3 wounded, 17
commissioned officers and 263 enlisted men captured.
September 8.-Lieut.-Col. Hayes, One hundredth Ohio, and 300 men had a skirmish at Telford's Station with 1,500 of the enemy, under Gen. Jackson; 1 killed
and 2 wounded. Thirty of the enemy killed and wounded. Fell back to Limestone Creek, to await re-enforcements. Fought the enemy, 1, 800 strong, for
two hours, and then surrendered. Loss, killed, wounded, and taken prisoners,
200 men. Col. Crittenden to Sevierville.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 578.
Report of Lieut. Col. Milton A. Haynes, C. S. Artillery.
HDQRS. ARTY. FOURTH DIST., DEPT. OF EAST TENN., Jonesborough,
September 12, 1863.
SIR: In obedience to the orders of the brigadier-general commanding, I have
the honor to inclose to you the reportNOTE 2 of Lieut.'s Blackwell and Graham,
of Burroughs' battery, in regard to the engagement with the Federal force commanded by Col. Hayes, of the One hundredth Ohio Regt., on the 8th instant.
These officers have detailed the incidents of the 8th so well that I have but little
to add.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
On the 6th, as you know, our whole force was at Bristol, on which day we
marched to Jonesborough, arriving there on the morning of the 7th. The enemy
had already been in Jonesborough, taken away many citizens prisoners and
carried them off, and having possession of the trains south of Jonesborough,
they told their Union friends (as reported to us) that they would be back on the
8th. Many citizens had been despoiled by the enemy, and my forces were anxious to avenge their wrongs.
At 2 o'clock on the morning of the 8th, Gen. Jackson sent me an order requiring me to send immediately forward one piece of artillery. I sent a 6-pounder
with 60 rounds and went myself to see them off, but at the general's headquarters I was met by one of his officials, who told me I was ordered to remain in
charge. I returned to my quarters, and early in the morning I heard the sound of
artillery and then of small-arms. An order soon came requiring two companies
of infantry, which were sent.
About 8 o'clock in the morning a messenger came from Gen. Jackson, saying:
"Send me all your artillery and all the infantry except one company." My artillery was already harnessed and every man at his post, and at the word they
were on the march, and Lieut.-Col. Walker's battalion, North Carolina Volunteers, 300 strong, followed. Arriving at Telford's Station, where we had the battle of the morning, we saw our wounded and heard that the enemy were in
retreat, and that Gen. Jackson was in pursuit.
Not knowing in what direction friends or foes had gone, we pursued in a gallop, and at about 9 o'clock we heard the discharge of artillery at Limestone
Bridge. Pursuing our course as rapidly as possible, we soon came to the scene
of action and placed our pieces in battery. At that moment Col. Giltner, of the
Kentucky cavalry, with his men, dismounted, was engaged with the enemy on
the opposite side of Limestone Creek, cutting off the communication of the
enemy by railroad south. Soon after Col. Walker came up with his men, who
had marched at double-quick time 12 miles. At my suggestion they were
ordered to lie down and rest for thirty minutes, and during that time the
enemy's sharpshooters were firing upon our battery, and we were amusing
them by a few discharges of spherical case-shot.
As soon as Col. Walker's men had rested, they deployed as skirmishers to the
left to clear the woods, and Maj. McKamy's battalion on the right to sustain the
battery. [The enemy] at that moment had possession of a skirt of woods in front
of the block-house and stone and brick buildings occupied by them as barracks,
distant about 1,000 yards from our position. The infantry, advancing as
arranged, charged the enemy's skirmishers, the battery covering them by
throwing case and canister into the woods occupied by them. With a shout and
a hurrah for the Bonnie Blue Flag, the North Carolina boys made the charge,
and the enemy fled before them, as you and the general well know. The enemy,
being now within the blockhouse and other houses, were pouring upon us a
shower of Minie balls. When we had thus driven the enemy into their last
retreat (Col. Giltner, with his gallant Kentuckians, accompanying to the other
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 89
September 8, 1863
side of the creek), I brought the guns of Burroughs' battery (then under Blackwell) into position, and opened fire upon them with spherical case and canister
shot, Col. Giltner's small rifled guns joining in the action. The enemy in the
meantime kept upon us a very sharp fire of small-arms (Enfield), and then (as
Sterne says) a white flag appeared.
By order of Gen. Jackson, I went down, accompanied by Capt. Robert W.
Haynes, aide-de-camp, and accepted the side-arms of near 350 Yankee officers
and soldiers, the remnant of 450 who began the fight in the morning.
Among the men who by their gallantry contributed to this result were Lieut.
Col. James L. Bottles and Capt. Jenkins, both volunteers for the occasion, but
men whose bravery could not be exceeded.
Our troops of all arms behaved with becoming courage, and all within their
sphere contributed to the general and honorable result, among whom I ought
not to leave out, and do not leave out, the names of the gallant Lieut.-Col.
Winn, of Georgia, Col. Giltner, of Kentucky among whom and over all of us
was the gallant commanding general.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
MILTON A. HAYNES, Lieut.-Col., P. A., C. S., Comdg. Art.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 643-644.
NOTE 1: A. k.a. Limestone Bridge.
NOTE 2: Not found.
September 8, 1863 - Capture of 100th Ohio at Limestone Station
•See September 8, 1863--Action at Limestone stationNOTE 1 and skirmish at
Telford's station
September 8, 1863 - Action at Telford's Station
•See September 8, 1863--Action at Limestone stationNOTE 1 and skirmish at
Telford's station
September 8, 1863 - Reconnaissance, Knoxville to Sevierville
HDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, Tenn., September 7,
1863.
Col. FRANK WOLFROD, Comdg. Independent Cavalry Brigade:
Page 90 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
The general directs that you order Col. Crittenden, with his regiment, the
Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry, to Sevierville, Tenn., to start to-morrow morning.
His instructions will be to proceed to the place above stated, taking up on the
road the courier post of Col. Graham, replacing them by detail from his command. After his arrival at Sevierville he will send the couriers so taken up to
Col. Graham, who will either be at Sevierville or Greeneville. Col. Graham has
been ordered to leave full information for Col. Crittenden, at Sevierville, of the
enemy and the condition and quantity of forage and subsistence in the country.
It will be the duty or Col. Crittenden to clear the country around him of all
armed rebels that may be in it. Col. Graham my not have reached Sevierville
on his way to Greeneville when Col. Crittenden arrives; if so, Col. Crittenden
can obtain the information mentioned from Col. Graham on his arrival, and
turn over the couriers direct.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 437-438.
September 8, 1863 - Pursuit of Indians in Sevierville environs
HDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, Tenn., September 8,
1863.
Maj. Gen. A. E. BURNSIDE, Comdg. Army of the Ohio:
GEN.:
~~~
I have sent Crittenden down to Sevierville to clear out that region. . .
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. L. HARTSUFF, Maj.-Gen.
[Inclosure.]
SEVIERVILLE, TENN., September 8, 1863.
Col. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen., Knoxville, Tenn.:
COL.: I pursued the Indians as far as their encampment. The citizens failing to
blockade the road in their rear, I was able to capture but one. They won't fight,
and the country is so mountainous it is almost impossible to capture them. I
returned to Sevierville with my command. I shall remain here to-day to get
some shoeing done; will move to-morrow. There are 3,000 bushels of wheat
belonging to the Confederate Government, which I will capture to-day.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
F. W. GRAHAM, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 473-474.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 91
September 8, 1863
September 8, 1863 - Initiation of anti-guerrilla sweep in Sevierville, Greeneville environs
•See September 8, 1863--Reconnaissance, Knoxville to Sevierville
September 8, 1863 - "I took a good cry this eve about our fate." Anxieties about the war and
fears about the future in Cleveland
. . . All of the southern soldiers have left today. Oh, I feel so sad to think the
southern army has left and left us to our fate. We are looking for the Yankees in
soon. Mr. Farrow was here this morn. We are very busy baking biscuits for
some soldiers, the last we will cook for them in a long time, I am afraid. When
will we see peace again? I never wish to pass such a week as the last has been,
such confusion and noise I never witnessed. Cousin John Lea came and told us
good-bye about 2 o'clock. He went down to Dalton [Georgia]. I am very lonesome this eve. The soldiers have all left and everything is quiet, looking for the
Yankees [to come] in every minute. When will we see another southern soldier,
we are now in the federal government, how I detest it. I do wish we could whip
them. We are cut off from all of our friends and relatives. The town looks
deserted. I took a good cry this eve about our fate.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 8, 1863 - Federal reconnaissance, Chattanooga environs
HDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, September 8, 1863—1.30 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. PALMER, Comdg. Second Division:
The general commanding directs me to acknowledge receipt of your dispatch
of this 10 a. m. He approves of your reconnaissance, but directs that it do not
start out till morning, as Gen. Van Cleve is to make one also in the morning in
the direction that one of your companies went yesterday, and he desires that the
demonstrations be made nearly simultaneous. Gen. Van Cleve will cross the
valley with his brigade before day, so as to hide observation by the enemy. The
general urges great caution and vigilance in this reconnaissance.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
P. P. OLDERSHAW, Capt. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
HDQRS. SECOND DIV., TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Hawkins' Station, September 8, 1863—5.45 p. m.
Capt. P. P. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
CAPT.: Your note of 1.30 p. m. was handed me by Capt. Howland a few minutes ago, and yours of 2.50 was on my table when I returned this moment from
a ride with Gen. Wood to the front. My reconnaissance this afternoon was only
an examination of the country along the base of the mountain for some 3 miles.
Page 92 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
When I wrote to-day I intended to do more, but on reflection determined to
wait for the approval of the general commanding before attempting to ascend
the mountain. I am now gratified that I did so, as I can do so more satisfactorily
to-morrow morning, as he suggests.
Very respectfully,
JOHN M. PALMER, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 462-463.
September 8, 1863 - Confederates burn the bridge at Charleston, TennesseeNOTE 1
We burnt the Charleston bridge at 2 o'clock this morning and fell back via
Cleveland. . . we seem to be abandoning East Tennessee for the present.
Diary of William A. Sloan, September 8, 1863.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 9.-. . . Bridge at Charleston destroyed by enemy.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 578.
NOTE 1: There is a disagreement in dates between the OR and the diary of a Confederate soldier who participated in the burning of the bridge. Most likely the
latter is correct.
September 8, 1863 - "City Fumigation;" the fight against malaria in Memphis
Strangers here are frequently heard to inquire the object of the offensive fumes
of tar with which the night air of Memphis is impregnated. It is the fumigation
by order of the authorities to counteract the malaria and the noxious effluvia
arising from the many hospitals and camps with which the city abounds, and
although unpleasant to the senses, it is one of the best sanitary measures than
can be levied. The dangers of night malaria cannot be exaggerated. Napoleon
equally great in saving as in destroying life, always protected his troops against
it. If compelled to encamp near a marsh, he kept large fires burning all night
between the cams and the source of the malaria. In pitching camps ins such a
situation the commanding officers should, if possible, locate it to windward,
not to leeward.
Memphis Bulletin, September 8, 1863.
September 8, 1863 - Report on general condition in Tennessee
NASHVILLE, September 8, 1863.
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September 1863 — Page 93
September 8, 1863
I have had this morning a prolonged conversation with Governor Johnson.
With regard to the general condition of Tennessee he expresses himself in
cheering terms. The occupation of Knoxville he regards as completing the
expulsion of rebel power, and he proposes to order a general election for the
first week in October. A Governor and other State officers, Legislature, and
members of Congress will then be elected. The judiciary, now entirely lacking,
he intends to fill by appointment, previous to this election. Judges of the election will also be appointed by him throughout the State. Sufficient means will
be taken to prevent all except loyal citizens from voting or being voted for. Slavery he says is destroyed in fact, but must be abolished legally. He is thoroughly in favor of immediate emancipation, both as a matter of moral right and
as the indispensable condition of that large immigration of industrious freemen
which is necessary to repeople and regenerate the State. He has already
declared himself publicly in behalf of unconditional abolition, and will recommend it emphatically to the Legislature when it assembles. He says the great
majority of the people of Tennessee are to-day in favor of freedom, their only
doubt being about the subsequent status of the negro. He is confident that the
Legislature will provide for emancipation, either immediately or at an early
day. The time of its meeting will be the first week in December, probably.
Respecting military movements, Johnson complains of the tardiness of Rosecrans, and of these long months of precious time wasted in the construction of
useless fortifications. Rosecrans he regards as a patriot at heart and not a
damned traitor like his predecessor; but he has fallen under bad influence and
especially under that of his chief of detective police, a man named Truesdail.
This man is deep in all kinds of plunder, and has kept the army inactive to
enable his accomplices and himself to become rich by jobs and contracts.
These statements, it is hardly necessary to say, were made to me confidentially,
and were not attended by the allegation of any special facts. Of Gordon
Granger, here, Johnson speaks in high terms. I should add that he says he will
not himself be a candidate for any office at the coming election.
From North Carolina, he tells me, he has some communications, especially
from Holden, of the Raleigh Register. The people of the whole State, and particularly of the western portion, are true to the Union and will seize the first
opportunity to free themselves from the Confederate Government. In this
respect the occupation of East Tennessee is of the highest importance. There is
the center of the whole mountain region with its population of a million and a
half, all naturally haters of slavery and of the rebellion. Gordon Granger and
Johnson are going to the front to-morrow or next day. I shall go with them. It is
but a day's distance by rail. Before leaving Louisville impressive testimony
was presented to me of various frauds in the quartermaster's department, there
and here. There is an extensive swindle now being consummated at Louisville
by the furnishing of two-years old mules on a contract requiring three-year
olds.
[C. A. DANA. ]
Page 94 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 8, 1863
[Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War.]
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 182-183.
September 8, 1863 - Report on Forts Negley and Morton in Nashville.
NASHVILLE, September 8, [1863]-7 p. m.
I have spent the afternoon in examining the fortifications for the defense of this
place. The principal works are three in number, all on the southern side of the
town. One of these, the easternmost, named Fort Negley, is finished, or nearly
so, and armed. It is a work of very intricate design, and requires about a thousand men for its garrison. The central work, known as Fort Morton, is scarcely
yet commenced. Simpler in design and more powerful when done than Negley.
It is situated on a hill of hard limestone, and the very extensive excavations
required must all be done by blasting. At the present rate of progress it will
take two years to finish it. A part of it, namely, the demilune is its front, is
partly done, so far in fact that its parapet might be used as a rifle-pit and might
afford some protection to field guns. This work will require a garrison of from
1,500 to 2,000 men. The two redoubts and barracks connecting them, of which
its main body consists, will be altogether 700 feet long. The third and westernmost fort is precisely the same in plan as Morton, but is on land that can be easily dug. This fort is about one-quarter done, and can be completed with
comparative rapidity and cheapness. The cost of Morton must be heavy.
Nothing new from the front. Judicious men here think there will be no battle,
and that Bragg has only the shadow of a force at Chattanooga to delay Rosecrans' advance.
[C. A. DANA. ]
[Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War.]
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 183-184.
September 8, 1863 - A member of the 9th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry comments on the
Confederate evacuation of Chattanooga
Last night I went to see my two old women who gave me supper and some biscuits for my haversack. We have evacuated Chattanooga which felt like giving
up all. I feel unwell. Lose many men by desertion. They despair when we
retreat.
Van Buren Oldham Diaries.
September 8, 1863 - The 5th Iowa Cavalry reaches McMinnville, an entry from the diary of
Sergeant Charles Alley
Today about noon we reached McMinnville at the foot of the mountains. The
town site is very rough and one cannot see much of it from any point I have
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 95
September 8, 1863
stood on yet. It has not the wealthy appearance of any of the towns I have seen
on the plain country in which Murfreesboro is situated. It is comparatively rich
in scenery [,] poor or appears to be, in everything else. Barren Fork a branch of
Carry RiverNOTE 1 flows past the town, a bright, sparkling stream of good
water. Its banks are precipitous, high and rocky, from which gush out many
fine clear springs of water. Send their tribute to the stream in tiny farming little
hills. We found some people in town from beyond the mts. who brought in
peaches, apples and potatoes to sell to the troops. There are two regiments of
East Tennessee troops here (infantry) and a battalion of cavalry. They were
very glad to see so many comrades here coming to join them and are all so
eager to be ordered into East Tennessee—all wanting to see home once more.
Alley Diary
NOTE 1: The Barren Fork and Collins rivers.
September 8, 1863 - A Report on Approach of the Union Army to Knoxville and Its Evacuation
From East Tennessee—Evacuation of Knoxville.—An officer just from East
Tennessee states that Knoxville has been evacuated by our forces, and that the
citizens of the place have nearly all left, taking with them such articles of property as they could conveniently save.
The enemy are about thirty miles from the town, but had not occupied it up to
the time our informant left; but there was nothing to prevent them from taking
possession, except being afraid to make the movement. It is likely, from what
we learn of the disposition of our forces, that it will not be a healthy move on
the part of the enemy. The people from Loudon, below Knoxville, as far up as
the latter place, are fleeing with their negroes to Bristol. The abandonment of
Knoxville is considered a strategic move by those capable of judging. A gentleman who left the town on Sunday last says that it presents a most dismal
appearance, the houses are all closed, and no living thing was to be seen,
except a few stray dogs. The country beyond, as fall as Loudon, is pretty much
forsaken by the patriots, although there are enough Union men left to give an
air of life to some portions of it. The Union men are said to be jubilant in the
expressions of their views. We trust there is enough hemp left in the Confederacy to meet their case after a while.
Savannah [Georgia] Republican, September 8, 1863.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: As cited in: http://www.uttyl.edu/vbetts.
September 8, 1863 - Federal protection for miners at Tracy City
TRENTON, GA., September 8, 1863.
COMDG. OFFICER, Cowan Station:
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
The general commanding directs that you send a guard of one company (say 40
men) to protect the miners at work at Tracy City.
FRANK S. BOND. Maj. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 443.
September 8, 1863 - Action at Telford's Station
•See September 8, 1863--Action at Limestone stationNOTE 1 and skirmish at
Telford's station
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September 30, 1863
~~~
September 8.--Lieut.-Col. Hayes, One hundredth Ohio, and 300 men had a
skirmish at Telford's Station with 1,500 of the enemy, under Gen. Jackson; 1
killed and 2 wounded. Thirty of the enemy killed and wounded. Fell back to
Limestone Creek, to await re-enforcements. Fought the enemy, 1, 800 strong,
for two hours, and then surrendered. Loss, killed, wounded, and taken prisoners, 200 men. Col. Crittenden to Sevierville.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 8, 1863 - September 9, 1863 - Federal scouts to mouth of Sale Creek and Charleston
HDQRS. FIRST BRIGADE, SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION, Sale Creek
Camp Ground, September 9, 1863.
Lieut.-Col. GODDARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Department of the Cumberland:
SIR: I sent a small scout across the river at the mouth of Sale Creek yesterday.
They patrolled the country 3 or 4 miles up and down the river, but could not
discover any trace of the enemy. I have sent scouts to-day toward Charleston,
to, if possible, discover the position of the enemy in that direction. The reports
which I have collected from citizens and deserters confirm Col. Byrd's report
of there being three brigades of cavalry above the Hiwassee.
I am, respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. H. G. MINTY, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 506-507.
September 9, 1863 - Reconnaissance toward Lookout Mountain and Chattanooga
No circumstantial reports filed.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 97
September 9, 1863
Excerpt from the September 30, 1863, report of, Major-General George H.
Thomas, U. S. Army, commanding Fourteenth Army Corps
September 9.-Baird's division moved across Lookout Mountain to the support
of Negley. Negley's division moved across the mountain and took up a position
in McLemore's Cove, near Rodgers' farm, throwing out his skirmishers as far
as Bailey's Cross-Roads; saw the enemy's cavalry in front, drawn up in line;
citizens reported a heavy force concentrated in his front at Dug Gap, consisting
of infantry, cavalry and artillery. Brannan's division in camp same as yesterday; Reynolds; division also. The Ninety-second Illinois [mounted infantry]
sent on a reconnaissance toward Chattanooga, along the ridge of Lookout
Mountain. Col. Atkins, commanding Ninety-second Illinois, reports September 9, 11 a. m., entered Chattanooga as the rear of the enemy's column was
evacuating the place; corps headquarters moved from Brown's Spring to Easley's farm, on Trenton and Lebanon road.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 487.
HDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, September 8, 1863—2.30 p. m.
Brig.-Gen. VAN CLEVE, Comdg. Third Division:
SIR: The general commanding directs that you make a reconnaissance to-morrow with one brigade to the summit of Lookout Mountain, if practicable, following the course of the Nickajack trace. The reconnaissance to be made with
a good deal of vigor and display of strength, and must be across the Trenton
Valley and in the woods before day, so as to prevent observation by the enemy.
Great quietude must also be enforced. Maj.-Gen. Palmer is ordered to make a
similar reconnaissance at the same time, going in the direction of Summerville
[Summertown].
If you are successful in gaining the top of the hill, the general commanding
desires that you remain there, if you feel competent to maintain your position,
while you communicate with him as to the practicability of the roads for troops
and wagons, what you can see, and any information you may acquire. You will
go with two days' rations, and prepared to stay at least one night, and the men
must carry twenty rounds of ammunition besides the forty rounds in their cartridge-boxes. No artillery will accompany the expedition.
The distance from your camp to the top of the mountain, where the Nickajack
road intersects the main mountain road, is estimated to be 6 miles, and the distance from this intersection along the top of the mountain to Summerville, or
Summertown, is estimated also at 6 miles. It is possible, therefore, that you
may fall in with Gen. Palmer's forces, and some effort should be made to open
communication with him. Be very vigilant in the direction of Summervile
[Summertown], as Gen. Palmer might drive the enemy on your position.
Great watchfulness will have to be exercised by your brigade commander in
the event of his moving up to Summerville [Summertown], should he pass any
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September 9, 1863
roads intersecting the main road between the Nickajack Junction and Summerville [Summertown].
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
P. P. OLDERSHAW, Capt. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 466.
September 9, 1863 - Skirmish at Friar's Island
HDQR. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS, Friar's Island,
September 9, 1863—10 p. m.
Capt. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
I respectfully report that two of my regiments at 1 o'clock to-day had driven the
First Georgia Cavalry away from this vicinity with only a slight skirmish.
~~~
JOHN T. WILDER, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 495-496.
September 9, 1863 - Chattanooga occupied by Federal forces
Five miles south of Chattanooga, 10th
via Dalton, September 11, 1863
(Received 11th)
The enemy entered Chattanooga yesterday in force, driving out the small garrison I could leave behind. His main force, in Will's Valley still theatenes my
rear, and compels me to follow on this side of the mountain. The difficulty of
supplying the army in this mountainous region is very great, and may compel
me to turn east to the railroad.
Braxton Bragg, General.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 22.
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the September 27, 1863 report of Colonel George P. BUELL,
Fifty-eighth Indiana Infantry, 21st Brigade, 1st Division, 21st Army Corps
relating to the Union occupation of Chattanooga.
~~~
My brigade remained in. . . camp until the morning of the 9th instant, when, by
order of Gen. Wood, it led the advance on Chattanooga. At the point of Lookout Mountain we met a small picket force of the enemy which we soon dis-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 99
September 9, 1863
lodged, and marching on entering Chattanooga about 12 o'clock of the 9th
instant. My brigade was the first that entered the City.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 653.
HDQRS. FOURTH DIVISION, FOURTEENTH CORPS, Cureton's Mill, September 9, 1863—6.30 p. m.
Col. FLYNT, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
We are in receipt of two dispatches from Col. Atkins, commanding Ninety-second Illinois (by special couriers from his regiment), within a few minutes of
each other. Find copy of the first received inclosed; the other reads as follows
(written first):
HDQRS. NINETY-SECOND ILLINOIS VOLUNTEERS, Chattanooga, September 9, 1863—11 a. m.
Maj. LEVERING, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
Maj.: We had a little skirmishing on the mountain, but now hold Chattanooga.
My stand of colors was the first to float over the town. A complete evacuation.
Columns of dust showed them going south. Two companies of my regiment are
pressing after them, and I will likely take my command up the river to gobble a
little squad said to be there.
Very respectfully,
SMITH D. ATKINS, Col. Ninety-second Illinois.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 247.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Trenton, September 9,
1863—3.30 a. m.
Maj.-Gen. THOMAS, Comdg. Fourteenth Army Corps:
A dispatch is just received from Gen. Wagner, dated 8.30 p. m. yesterday, stating that Chattanooga is evacuated by the rebels and he will occupy it in the
morning. The general commanding desires you to call on him at once to consult in regard to arrangements for the pursuit.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. A. GARFIELD, Brig.-Gen., Chief of Staff.
OPPOSITE CHATTANOOGA, September 9, 1863.
Capt. SEITER, Fourteenth Army Corps:
Gen. Wagner occupies Chattanooga to-day. The Stars and Stripes were raised
on Mound Fort at 11 a. m. The last of the enemy left as our men entered, without firing a gun. Gen.'s Crittenden and Wood are in Chattanooga.
G. W. LANDRUM, Lieut. and Acting Signal Officer.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 481-482.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
CAMP NEAR TRENTON, GA., September 9, 1863—8.30 p. m.
(Received 6.40 p. m., 10th.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, Gen.-in-Chief:
Chattanooga is ours without a struggle, and East Tennessee is free. Our move
on the enemy's flank and rear progresses, while the tail of his retreating column
will not escape unmolested. Our troops from this side entered Chattanooga
about noon. Those north of the river are crossing. Messengers go to Burnside
to-night, urging him to push his cavalry down. No news from him or his cavalry.
W. S. ROSECRANS, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 479.
Wednesday Sep 9th. Chattanooga Evacuated!! Today the Union Troops entered
the boasted stronghold of the West without the loss of a man. . . The 92d
belongs to our Brigade and they had the honor of first planting the stars &
stripes on the works of the deserted town. At about 11 o'clock the flag was
hoisted on the Crutchfield House. Soon after the 92d had entered the town
Capt. Lilly and Colonel of the 97th Ohio crossed the river in a boat and planted
the flag of the 97th on the parapet of the large fort, which was greeted by a
salute from the Battery. The town has a dirty, dreary appearance, almost
deserted by the citizens-very few nice housed and all old ones, besides.
The "Chattanooga Rebel" was printed in the vault of the Chattanooga Bank to
keep out of the way of our shells. Depot and Crutchfield house in particular.
The owner of the latter said we ventilated his smoke hose to such an extent that
he was unable to smoke his meant. Our Brigade had the honor of first opening
out on Chattanooga also the first to enter it. Our Battery fired the first and last
gun at the town-fired over 600 rounds altogether-put 2 shots into the Depot at a
distance of 2 1/2 miles. We were here from the 21st Aug. til to day with
Wilders Brigade and Wagoners for our support. . . nearly three weeks opposed
to the whole of Bragg's Army. Old "Rosey" has completely outwitted Bragg. . .
About 3 o'clock we pulled out up the river and camped about dark at Friar's
Island.
Campbell, Three Years in the Saddle pp. 69-70.
Gen. Rosecrans' Campaign.
The Occupation of Chattanooga-Where Bragg Will Make His Next Stand.
Correspondence of the Cincinnati Commercial.
Look-Out Valley, Ga., Twelve Miles South of Trenton, Sept. 9, 1863.
Chattanooga has fallen! Such is the tenor of a dispatch just brought in by a courier. Crittenden occupied the stronghold to-day. Bragg evidently dreaded a repetition of the Vicksburg disaster, if he remained and attempted to defend
Chattanooga, after our army had occupied a position directly threatening his
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
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September 9, 1863
rear. He could not leave a garrison to hold the works, while he opposed our
right with his main force, with Burnside on the way to reinforce our left. With
Burnside it would have been easy to isolate Chattanooga, and give it its own
good time to accept the fate of the "Virgin City."
The evacuation was not completed too soon. This morning Stanley was on the
road with a heavy cavalry force, supported part of the way by two brigades of
infantry, to strike the line of railway in Bragg's rear, in the vicinity of Rome. As
soon as the evacuation was discovered, the expedition was overtaken and
ordered back to camp. From the front, where Stanley started, it was but a day's
march, for horsemen, to Rome, and the raid would, doubtless, have been successful if Bragg's army had not been promptly withdrawn from Chattanooga to
oppose just such a movement.
Rosecrans strategy has proved a splendid success. Crossing a broad and dangerous river, and an extremely rough chain of mountains, he throws his army in
four days forty miles almost directly in the rear of the rebel stronghold. That he
was not bitterly challenged by the enemy proves a weakness almost startling in
the size and morale of Bragg's army. Can it afford to fight us on any terms in its
present condition?
There has been no more brilliant movement during the war, if we except the
wonderful exploit of Gen. Grant in marching to the rear of Pemberton. It has
been carried on with the loss of two men killed and two wounded in a slight
cavalry skirmish, the only occasion we were made aware that an opposing
army was near.
~~~
New York Times, September 20, 1863
September 9, 1863 - Skirmish at Cumberland Gap
Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: The OR shows no reference to this event. It is also listed in CAR, p. 33,
which makes the claim that 2,000 Confederates died in the "skirmish." This
last assertion is too incredible to believe.
September 9, 1863 - Confederate surrender of Cumberland Gap
STUART HOSPITAL, March 24, 1865.
GEN.: In accordance with your desire, as expressed upon my return from captivity in the month of December last, I have the honor to submit this report
upon the surrender of Cumberland Gap.
The delay attending it has been occasioned by sickness. Some defects may
have arisen, inasmuch as I am compelled to rely entirely upon my memory, but
I trust it may prove satisfactory.
Page 102 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
Cumberland Gap was surrendered on September 9, 1863, at about 5 p. m. All
the troops, artillery, small-arms, ammunition, commissary and quartermaster's
stores were given up to the enemy, and I may say almost without resistance.
About 300 men succeeded in effecting their escape after the surrender, and the
arms in their possession were the only stores saved from the large supply we
had at the place.
The causes which led to the surrender I cannot state, as the commanding
officer must have had reasons which were never made known by him, but
which, I hope, will be upon his return from prison. I shall therefore confine my
remarks to such facts as I am personally familiar with.
The first intimation we received of the approach of the Yankees was brought in
by our chief engineer officer, who had been detailed to accompany a lady to
Lexington, Ky., but having met with the enemy near Loudon he was not permitted to proceed farther, and returned, bringing the information that the gap.
He also said their commander was Gen. Burnside. Matters progressed quietly
for about two weeks, by which time we had concluded they must have gone
back, and did not intend to pay us the visit spoken of by the engineer officer.
About this time, however, orders were received from headquarters Department
of East Tennessee for us evacuate, and in pursuance of said orders I was
instructed to prepare all ordnance and ordnance stores for removal to Abingdon, Va. This I did, but the order was subsequently countermanded, and I was
then directed to remove all the stores from the foot of the mountain to the magazine at the top. This was also done. I think this occurred about the 5th day of
the month.
On the day following the enemy made his appearance on the north side of the
mountain, and on the 7th he sent a flag of truce, which was received by two of
the commander's staff officers; but as to the propositions made, the replies
thereto, or any other communications made up to the 9th, I know nothing.
On the 8th (I think), the enemy made his appearance on the south side, and Col.
Carter was sent out with his regiment on the Knoxville road to reconnoiter and
meet the enemy at Powell's River, which is about 7 miles from the gap. Some
skirmishing ensued, but the enemy proving too strong he was forced to retreat,
and upon falling back to within 2 miles of the gap he took the road to Abingdon, and thus saved his command.
On the night of the 7th or 8th (I do not remember which), when the enemy
appeared on the south side of the mountain, he attacked and drove in our pickets, following them to the very foot of the mountain and firing the mill, which
was used both night and day in grinding for the troops. The mill, together with
all the wheat and flour at the time on hand, was totally consumed, thus depriving us of all means to provide ourselves with breadstuffs. During the night
some fighting took place between them and our pickets, which continued for
about half an hour. It was quite spirited, but our troops, never having been
under fire previously, soon gave way. The enemy opened on the gap with two
pieces of artillery, firing over the heads of the pickets. Their artillery fire was
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 103
September 9, 1863
replied to by two mountain howitzers, manned by some of the Leyden Artillery, and with considerable spirit. Some of our men were wounded, and 2 of the
Yankees killed. I believe this was all which transpired during that night.
Next morning the commander of our batteries opened fire on the enemy as
soon as he could see them, but after having fired two shots he was ordered to
cease, so he told me. The day was passed in sending to and receiving flags of
truce from the Yankees. The horses belonging to the two batteries having been
sent away, and the Yankees being on both sides of us, the opinion of nearly
every one was that we would very shortly be engaged in battle. All I met with,
officers as well as men, were expecting a fight. Those who were not ready were
preparing themselves. I issued 100 rounds of small-arms ammunition 200
rounds to each piece of artillery, by order. Those who were not provided with
small-arms came and provided themselves.
At the time of surrender I was issuing arms to a regiment, in which there was a
number of men recently returned from sick furlough. All of this regiment said,
"We are anxious for the fight to commence, and hope there will be no more
flags of truce." When information was received that the place had been surrendered some of the men broke their muskets, others burned their regimental
flags, and others again clothing, books, and other articles which they thought
might prove valuable or serviceable to the Yankees I have never witnessed
greater disappointment and chagrin than the men evinced upon being informed
of the surrender; many of them actually wept.
At 12 m. on September 9, information was received that the fight would commence, and one of our batteries fired two shots, for which act the officer in
command was threatened with arrest should he fire again. I think our artillery,
cavalry, and infantry were all willing and anxious to go into battle. I do know
that we had provisions in abundance; over 200 beef cattle and a pile of wheat,
which I think contained between 200 and 300 bushels, were surrendered.
I cannot say what loss was sustained by the commissary, but subsequent to the
surrender I saw the cattle and wheat referred to. Fifty or 60 wagons and teams
were lost. As to other quartermaster's stores I know nothing, but hope that the
commissary and quartermaster will make reports, so the actual losses may be
correctly ascertained. I can state more correctly the losses sustained by the ordnance department, and shall name articles, kind and quantity, as nearly as possible from memory, as well as the condition of the respective stores at the time
of surrender, viz.,:
Mules
Page 104 — September 1863
Two-horse
wagon and
harness.
1
Mountain
howitzers
2
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
Blankbooks
10 or 12
Muskets
(some damaged)
300
Rounds
Enfield cartridges, caliber. 577
56,000
Rounds
Enfield cartridges, caliber. 58
8,000
Rounds
Belgian cartridges, caliber. 71
27,000
Rounds
assorted 12
and 6
pounder
ammunition
250
Sets 4-horse
wheel harness
2
Set blacksmith's tools
1
Sets carpenter's tools
3
Quires
paper
20
All the ammunition was damaged in consequence of the leaky condition of the
magazine.
The battery known as Kain's artillery lost three 6-pounders, rifled, bronze, and
one 12-pounder smooth-bore, bronze, together with the Carriages, caissons,
and 800 rounds of ammunition.
The battery known as the Leyden Artillery [Barnes' Georgia Battery] lost two
6-pounders, iron, and two 12-pounder howitzers, iron, with the Carriages and
caissons, and 800 rounds of ammunition.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 105
September 9, 1863
The following-named articles were also lost:
Battery wagon, fully equipped 1
Battery forge, fully equipped 1
24-pounders, rifled, unfit for service 2
30-pounder Parrots, unfit for service 4
~~~
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
P. D. HUNTER, First Lieut., Artillery, P. A., C. S., Ordnance Officer.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 632-634.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September 30, 1863.
~~~
September 9.--. . . . Rebels at Cumberland Gap, under Gen. Frazer, surrender
2,300 men, 12 pieces of artillery, including Gen. Frazer and staff. The First
Brigade, Third Division, and Third Brigade, Fourth Division, there. The First
Brigade, Fourth Division, to within 11 miles of Athens. Bridge at Charleston
destroyed by enemy.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p.578.
Report of Maj. B. G. McDowell, Sixty-second North Carolina Infantry.
ZOLLICOFFER, EAST TENN., September 16, 1863.
Maj.: Having made my escape from the enemy at Cumberland Gap after being
surrendered as a prisoner of war by Brig.-Gen. Frazer, commanding Confederate forces, I deem it my duty to state to the major-general commanding some of
the facts connected with the surrender of the garrison:
On Saturday, the 5th instant, the enemy made their appearance on the north
side of the mountain in small force; supposed to be about 40 strong. After a
short skirmish with our pickets they retired in the direction of Cumberland
Ford.
On Monday (the 7th), Gen. Shackelford made his appearance in our rear, on
the south side the mountain, on the Tazewell road, 3 miles from the gap, with
three regiments. He (Shackelford) immediately demanded an unconditional
surrender of the garrison, giving until 3 p. m. for a reply. This demand was
refused.
On Tuesday morning (the 8th), Shackelford repeated the demand for the surrender of gap, which was again refused.
On Tuesday evening Col. De Courcy made his appearance on the north side the
mountain in our front. The number of his forces could not be ascertained,
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
though it was said to be sixteen regiments. He at once demanded an unconditional surrender of the garrison.
Brig.-Gen. Frazer replied, asking the number of his forces, which De Courcy
refused to give, stating that it was from motives entirely disconnected with the
attack on the gap that he did so. Thereupon Brig.-Gen. Frazer refused to surrender, and we all hoped that the fight would be made. Every man was at his
post and the most perfect determination seemed to exist on the part of the
troops to conquer or die. It was understood that the fight was to open at 12 m.
During these negotiations the enemy had not been idle in making their preparations for the pending attack. They had during the time planted a battery about
1,400 yards in front of your works on the north side the mountain; but not fearing these batteries, we anxiously awaited the hour of battle to arrive.
At about 12 o'clock another dispatch came in from the south side the mountain
purporting, as I understood, to be from Gen. Burnside, demanding for the
fourth time the unconditional surrender of the garrison.
At about 4 p. m., [9th] when all was waiting with the most intense anxiety for
the ball to open, we received with sadness the order to take down our battleflags and hoist the white flag. We were then informed that we were prisoners of
war. We understood the surrender to have been made to Burnside. What the
number of the forces were to which we were surrendered I am not at all prepared to state, though I am of opinion that their number has been much exaggerated. Our number of men inside the garrison was 2, 100. Of this number I
suppose we had 1, 800 effective men. After the surrender a great many made
their escape. In addition to prisoners we lost eight pieces of artillery and all
small-arms inside the garrison. During all this not a shot was fired from us save
picket firing and four shots that were fired by Lieut. O'Conner, commanding
Kain's battery. We had on hand 160 head beef cattle, 12,000 pounds of bacon,
1, 800 bushels of wheat, and about 15 days' rations of flour.
I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
B. G. McDOWELL, Maj. Sixty-second North Carolina Regt.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 636-637.
September 9, 1863 - An account of the capture of the Cumberland Gap and Occupation of
Knoxville
Beyond Cumberland Gap, Wednesday Night, Sept. 9, 1863
Correspondence of the Cincinnati Times
From this place I telegraphed you in regard to the capture of Cumberland Gap.
The advance of Gen. Burnside, under command of Gen. Shackelford, left
Knoxville on Friday last, and arrived within a mile of the Gap on Sunday. The
rebels have occupied the place for the year past, having it well fortified. In fact
the forts on the surrounding hills looked impregnable when crowned with the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 107
September 9, 1863
frowning batteries. The rebel force was commanded by Gen. J. W. Frazier, and
if he had ability and courage ought to have held the place some time against a
large force. He had stores of provision and forage sufficient to have lasted him
two weeks.
A mill was kept running day and night, and knowing its importance to them
Gen Shackelford planned an expedition for its destruction. Major Carpenter, of
the Second Tennessee, was given some 200 men, with orders to burn the mill
to the ground. He accomplished his errant, going inside the rebel pickets, and
within range of their guns. The Major lost but one man, belonging to the Ninth
Michigan. We may truly reckon this one of the most daring feats of the war,
and did much to dispirit the rebels and cause them to surrender. Besides a large
amount of flour, which they had accumulated, they had dried a great deal of
beef, having scoured the country for cattle in all directions.
The regiments taken were two from Virginia and two from North Carolina.
They were mostly conscripts, and many of them hailed the appearance of the
Stars and Stripes with joy. They are dissatisfied and dispirited, and fear to ask
the news lest it tell them of new disasters to their cause. They will be glad to
get home, and will never again enter the service of their own accord. Most of
them, however, are well clad, and have certainly been well fed.
Some of the Virginia officers made their escape to the mountains, having been
opposed to the surrender. The skill with which Gens. Burnside and Shackelford
made the disposition of their forces, however, left the rebels no other chance.
The terms of the surrender were unconditional, and we learn the officers will
be allowed to retain their side-arms. The prisoners will be sent North and not
paroled. In addition to the expedition against the Gap, in the past few days others were sent along the Virginia Railroad. One went to Carter's Station and captured a train of cars and two locomotives, and the other three locomotives and
about forty cars. Gen. Burnside is constantly planning such work for his men,
and in a short time East Tennessee will be cleared of the enemy. The joy of the
loyal citizens cannot be described. They hail the appearance of our flag as the
harbinger of other and happier days. At Knoxville several old men rushed forward hen Foster's command entered the place.
They have had enough of this accursed rebellion, and will be truer for the
future to their God and country. I forgot to mention that Col. De Courcey, commanding the force north of the gap, has been severely censured for holding
communication with the enemy, and threatening to bring on an engagement
before Gen. Burnsides' preparations were made. He has been placed under
arrest. A newspaper was published at Knoxville in a few hours after its occupation by our forces. Parson Brownlow is being anxiously looked for by his
friends at that place. It is expected he will be over shortly, and we hope to see
the exile welcomed home by a grand reception, which is promised him.
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Among the military arrangements made during the past few days, we learn the
Gen. Shackelford takes command of a division, and Gen. Carter is appointed
Provost Marshal of East Tennessee. . . H. S. D.
New York Times, September 20, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - Juvenile delinquents tried in Nashville
ARREST OF JUVENILE ROGUES.
Four small urchins, ranging in age from eight to fourteen years, were yesterday
brought before the recorder, accused of stealing boys clothing from the establishment of Mr. George Abbott, merchant tailor, College Street. They were all
found guilty, the most striking evidence being adduced by themselves-the stolen goods were on their roguish backs. The oldest one, and "ring leader" of the
party, a notorious little rascal about fourteen years of age, was committed to
the workhouse for a term of seventy-two days. His father, a very respectable
man, we are told, refused to interfere on his behalf, as the boy has long since
richly merited the penalty of imprisonment. The three confederates in his bold
theft were allowed to go unpunished on account of their extreme youth. Mr.
Abbott recovered. . . most of the stolen articles. We hope this case will be one
of salutary warning to the army of vagrant boys in Nashville.
Nashville Daily Press, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - A Federal soldier's impressions of Chattanooga and a rebel woman on
Lookout Mountain
. . . [From Lookout Mountain] I saw Chattanooga; but was much disappointed
in its general appearance. I had expected to see numerous lofty spires; steam
puffing from a hundred engines; columns moving about the scanty rifle pits;
huge redoubts seeming by their very weight to defy all assault; rebel banners
floating from every tree; but of all these I saw nothing. But one or two spires
were visible [from Lookout Mountain]; scarcely enough smoke was ascending
from the city to justify the belief that it was inhabited. No heavy columns of
rebels and scarcely a living being was visible about the city; a few lines of
rebel [rifle] pits seeming to be mere marks would be seen above the city. But
why could we see no rebels? Borrowing a glass from a comrade for a few
moments I looked over to the right of the city and saw a cavalry force marching under the stars and stripes and dressed in blue. This explained all without
the need for the further evidence I obtained on casting my eyes down almost
under my feet and there seeing our Corps coming around the point of the
mountain and marching off in the direction of Rossville. The joyful reverie into
which this beautiful scene and the good news was fast hurrying me was suddenly interrupted by hearing the cries of [a] female who appeared to be much
excited. I turned my head and saw a woman, moderately young, of ordinary
beauty, possessing a considerable degree of intelligence and some education,
probably never celebrated for possessing an excessive amount of modesty,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 109
September 9, 1863
finely formed, unmarried (for she spoke of a sweetheart) and altogether neither
attracting nor repulsive in person or manners.
She had become greatly enraged. . . in consequence of our presence on the
mountain, and the rebels' non-presence in Chattanooga, and she was holding
forth in violent strains of——————- to a crowd of "eager listeners" who
had gathered around the doorstep, and who were seemingly much edified by
her discourse as the loud peals of laughter in which they frequently responded
to some ridiculously unreasonable or funny remark of the fair orator.
She discussed the merits of the respective armies, told us that her sweetheart
was an officer in Bragg's army and had promised to pay her a visit in three
weeks "and he will come;" she gave it a strong emphasis and gestured in a
manner that was almost bewitching to behold. It was truly interesting to witness the amazement and diversion of our boys as they would happen to be
passing and catch sight and sound of this principal supporter of the rebellion.
Some of them would pass and with astonishment listen a few moments and
then with an indescribable (but which I think will bear the definition of suppressed contempt) G_d d-a-m-n would turn away, wondering if [P. T. ] Barnum
wouldn't give a handsome [sum] for such a prodigy. Others would attempt to
reply to some of her sarcastic expressions, but they were all taken aback by the
rapidity [and] volubility with which her tongue kept up a continual chatter, and
which did not give an opportunity for the wittiest of our boys to slip a word in
edgewise.
She raved, and clapped her hands, and stamped her pretty feet, (oh, if [I] was a
shoemaker), and performed other wonderful feats with such energy and in such
rapid succession that she about worked herself into such a pitch of excitement
that I feared for her life, but she soon began to perspire freely and her excitement began to give way to great exhaustion and she was compelled to sit down
upon the floor, but she still continued out "services" but were prevented from
hearing or seeing the catastrophe to this wonderful living drama by the bugles
sounding attention.
Boy in Blue, pp. 188-189.
September 9, 1863 - "Please write me what to do with our negroes ;" slave owners in Jasper
seek advice from Military Governor Andrew Johnson about what to do
with their slaves
Jasper Tennessee sept 9th/63
Governor Andrew Johnson
Dear Sir
Knowing that you are better informed as to what will be the result of the institution of slavery than any other man in our state, we wish you advice as to what
is best for us to do with our negroes. My Brother, A. Kelly and family and my
own have about 40 negroes. they are nearly all at home yet, but their services
Page 110 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
are worthless[.] they are almost in a state of confusion. I don't think they will
leave us without our consent, but we can make no calculations as tho how long
they will stay while the armies are so near us, and they are eating up our substance when we are already nearly bear of provisions, but we do not like to turn
them loose without some provision for their welfare being made. they have
nearly all been raised in our families and we feel a great-deal of sympathy for
them, we suppose from the tome of the army that they will all be freed and they
are persuading all ages and sexes of negroes to go with them when they have
no provision for their comfort or protestation from exposure, now we would
rather if we have to give them up that you would take them, with their families
united so that they would be made comfortable and provided for in some manner, and not turned out homeless and without an object to accomplish as are the
negroes who go with the army are at present; (they are a drain our and the supplies of the army and no essential service to it;) and pay us for them whatever
the Government price may be. As to our loyalty every union man of this county
can testify[.] I suppose we would have no difficulty in establishing it. It will be
several years at best, even if the institution of slavery is preserved in our state,
before it can be again reduced to system and profit, and if the negroes are ever
to be emancipated now is the best time that ever will occur to do it, and let it be
done effectually and speedily so that when we emerge from this chaos we may
enter upon the life we will have to live, without any dread of further disturbancey [.] I hope there will be an election held immediately for members to a
convention and our state placed back in the unknown as it was.
Please write me what to do with our negroes, and if you can, consistently, take
them and let us have our means in something else that will be of more service
to us and render us more comfortable and easy.
Your Obt Servt
W. J. Kelly
Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. 6, p. 360.
September 9, 1863 - Confederate conscription in West Tennessee, a plea to Military Governor Andrew Johnson for help
Head Quarters, 2 west Ten Cav
Saulsbury Ten Aug the 9th, 1863
Andrew Johnson Military Gov of the state of Ten
sir: I address you a few lines at the request of some of the Union men of Henderson county, for the purpose of obtaining information if it is possible as to the
best course to be addopted under exhisting circumstances and that you may be
able to Judge inteligibly, I think it would be better that you have the facts
before you, After the withdrawal of the Union forces from Jackson the confederates began to assemble in the western district, Capt Newsom crossed the Ten
River with a small force but sufficient to controll an unarmed people; Soon
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 111
September 9, 1863
Biffle came with a Reg[iment]'[.] Then Col Jesse Forest with a Reg[iment]'[.]
Richardson made his appearance in Haywood & Fayett[.] first the arrested and
forced into arms all the men they could Get who had been in the confederate
Army and who had taken the oath, Then they commenced conscripting and
calling for volunters. I suppose from the best information, that Richardson
raised about five hundred men, Newsom about the same[.] what number has
been raised by Forrest and Biffle I am not advised; Numbers of small parties
under their leaders are patrolling the country and the Union men are out in the
woods or refugees at some Union post, So soon as I reached my reg; I asked to
be allowed to take my men to the rescue of our friends, promising to resign if I
did not hold the country, but up to this time I have failed to get leave. other
troops have twice since been sent there but still I guard this road. The Loyal
men of that section desire to know if there is any way in which they can be
organised so that they can defend their own homes and they think quite a force
could be raised for that purpose. There are many things that I can not comprehend, and as you would of course be better advised and consequently better
enabled to interpret I think much good would result from a visit by you to this
section of the state[.] I hope you will reply at the earliest practicable moment[.]
Isaac R. Hawkins, Col 2d West Ten Cav
Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. 6, p. 322.
September 9, 1863 - "Coffee"
When will the days of good old-fashioned aromatic coffee return? When will
the green berry, worth now almost a cent a grain, get down to the standard of
1850-"eight pounds for one dollar?" When will our housekeepers cease to buy
that abominable cheat, the cheat of cheats, called "prepared coffee," of which
the grain is cornmeal and the coloring liquorice, and put it beside our plate, a
stench to destroy our enjoyment of the goodly viands she has heaped upon it?
Have we not-hear us, of Jupiter-have we not resorted to tea, to mild, yea, even
to water itself, to assist masticulation, and the digestion, and many other things
the doctors call it? Why are we thus famished? Give us, o, give us back our old
drink, the brown-colored, rich, delicious decoction, sweetened, (not too much)
whitened with cream and drank, o, father of the gods, with a grateful smack
that was next to religious. Is there any real imitation of coffee? Is there, can
there be, do the laws of nature justify us in believing, that anything outside of
the "blissful fields of Eden" can be made to taste, smell and stimulate like coffee? No, nature indignantly replies, not. Coffee is coffee, and there is none of it
set forth on the table where we board.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "Sunday Walk Among the Churches."
•See September 6, 1863--"Open the Churches."
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
Our reporter made a little circuit last Sabbath among the city churches, and
reports that the most of them are open, at least one a day to divine service, and
that the audience for the most part are fair. A considerable preponderance of
the military are found in some of the, which speaks to the praise of the profession.
On Second street, corner of Adams, the Episcopal church was served by Rev.
Dr. White. Our reporter observed with regret that the beautiful and effective
service of the church is mutilated by him, in the omission of prayers for the rulers of the land, This is the first time, he declares, that he ever heard that passage omitted from the service of the Episcopal church. The Baptist church, a
little further north, is used as the Gangrene Hospital, and of course, not in a
condition for religious services. Yet the solemn faces of the sufferers upon their
neat white beds, and the knowledge that one or their number had just a moment
before gone out into the great unknown, afforded for reflection, equal to many
a service. This hospital is under the skillful charge of Dr. Weeks, and has 50
beds. The Methodist church, corner of Poplar and Second, was about half full
of hearers, earnest upon the discourse of Rev. Mr. Knott, who seemed to be
himself deeply in earnest in the delivery of his pious message. The First Presbyterian church, corner of Poplar and Third streets, was rather better filled. The
preacher is the Rev. Mr. Steadman. St. Mary's chapel on Poplar, beyond the
market was empty, but our reporter learned that the rector, Mr. Hines, was that
morning occupying the pulpit of Grace church in South Memphis and would
fill his own at 3 P. M. This is a snug little church, about as bit as a parlor, and
looks cozy and pleasant. A colored church about a square south of this was in
full blast. Just as our reporter got there, a squad of some twenty soldiers came
running up with arms in hand. They had learned than an attempt was making to
break up the service, and looked wrathfully upon our reporter, one of the most
peaceful men ever born, for an explanation. Our reports solemnly denied having broken up anything, or attempted to break up anything; said he got broke
himself in his last speculation. He pointed to the window, nearly every one of
which had been smashed, and to a colored auditor, who had evidently been
cracked, if not broken by a missile and then asked in a tone of [pleased?] conviction, "do you think, corporal, that I look like a man who could do such
things?" It was enough. The Cumberland Presbyterian church is closed, but he
learned that this is owing to the sickness and absence of Rev. Mr. Davis, the
pastor. St. Peter and St. Paul's church on Adams street were crowed with visitors, who were pouring out as our reporter passed, resembling an active swarm
of bees. This denomination of christians always keeps its churches open.
Union church, corner of Beal and Main streets, had services morning and
evening, besides a colored charitable society in the basement. Our reporter got
there in time to attend the latter for a moment, and was gratified to learn that
the benevolent enterprise has been a success. Grace church had morning service by Rev. Mr. Hines. Upon the whole, the religious facilities of Memphis,
considering the season, are encouraging. We hope our religious friends will
increase and multiply these means of grace, give every opportunity to saint and
sinner to come nearer to God, and let the world know that however divided the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 113
September 9, 1863
people of Memphis are upon the principles of government, yet there is among
them but "one Lord, one faith, one baptism."
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "Tennessee Money."
There is some doubt among brokers with regard to Tennessee money. We are
sure that there should be no doubt about the real commercial value of Tennessee bank notes. We care not about the course which political events may take;
there is but one thing very certain, and that is that the machinery of the State
government must and will be put in motion, and then we are sure the Legislature will sustain the bank chargers. And when Tennessee banks are on the same
footing with other banks, their notes should be received as other bank notes
are.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "Important Arrest."
A "Greenback" counterfeiter was yesterday caught in the act of passing ten
dollar U. S. Treasury notes, which were altered from one's. The guilty party
was a soldier, and he has been watched for some time, but for want of evidence
was not arrested until yesterday.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - General Orders, No. 82; Federal command cracks down on depredations
Headquarters, District of Memphis
Memphis, Tenn., Sept. 9th 1863
Information frequently reaches these Headquarters of depredations and outrages committed upon the persons and property of citizens committed upon the
person and property of citizens and others within the limits and upon the outskirts of the city, by soldiers of this command who cannot be personally identified.
The Commanding General of the District regrets that subordinate officers, not
sufficiently regarding the honor of their respective command, have failed to
take the necessary stops to prevent the acts referred to. The disgrace attendant
upon these outrages can not be held to attach alone to the personal offender.
The honor and good name of the whole command are prejudiced by each such
offense, and the effort must be general to prevent their recurrence.
Hereafter all commanding officers will be held to a strict responsibility for the
good conduct of the men of their respective commands. Every offense committed will be followed by a swift and sure punishment commensurate to the
Page 114 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 9, 1863
offense when the offender can be identified. In addition thereto, every depredation, involving pecuniary damage, must be commensurate pecuniarily, by stoppage made against the pay of the offender. In case where personal identity can
not be ascertained, the amount of damages will be assessed on the whole regiment, to be stopped equably against the pay of every officer and soldier. If the
regiment cannot be ascertained, the assessment will be made in a similar manner on the brigade to which the offender belongs.
Every officer in this command is especially charged with the execution of this
order.
By order of Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch
Memphis Bulletin, September 18, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "ARREST OF A BAD CHARACTER."
He Joins the Army and Deserts.
Robs a Negro and Gets into the Irving Block
Sometime about the 20th of June, a man who called himself Frank Filer was
arrested on suspicion of being a deserter and confined in the Irving Block. Filer
was kept in prison until about the 29th of August, when he was discharged
from custody for want of evidence. Previous to his discharge from the prison
Filer seemed very solicitous to enlist in the army, which wish the officers were
disposed to gratify. After his release he was sworn into the service, proposing
to cast his fortune with the 25th Indiana regiment, Co. K. Filer "knocked"
around for some days, waiting for certain forms of military law in such cases
being complied with. One day Filer disappeared, and was gone three or four
days, during which time he said he had visited Cottonwood Point, which is a
place about forty miles above this city, on the Mississippi river. Filer said he
had walked up their one day, and that he rode back on an ox wagon. There is,
however, another statement about Filer's proceedings, while absent from this
city, as follows: A young man who is well acquainted with the character and
habits of Filer, and who happened to be at Cottonwood Point while Filer was
there, says that he (Filer) carried with him two splendid United States horses,
which he sold that same night. The party to whom Filer sold the horses had the
fate to lose them both. The supposition is that Filer had again taken the horses,
as he disappeared at the same time. Filer came back and stayed around the Irving prison, waiting to be regularly mustered into the service. Unfortunately for
Frank, he was caught last Friday night in the act of robbing a negro. He was
again arrested and confined in the Irving Block. Yesterday a sutler came to the
prison and represented that Filer had robbed him several months ago, of about
$300. Last Monday Filer had a preliminary examination before Capt. Woodward and was recommitted to prison to await further examination. He is repre-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 115
September 9, 1863
sented as being a rather hard looking customer, and if the half that is alleged
against him is true, he does not belie his looks.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "Disorderly."
We have heard a great deal of complaint about a large number of negroes and
white boys, who are in the habit of getting up rows on Wellington street every
day. The particular locality seems to be between Union and Beal streets. The
police should look after this locality.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "A Little Fight."
We were yesterday on the levee, between two members of the apple-peddling
fraternity. There were several knocks and scratches given and received. During
the time, the apples were all scattered and "gobbled up" by the surrounding
company. What did they gain?
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "More Dissatisfied Confederates."
There was an arrival of seven Confederates yesterday at the Irving Block. One
of these was a member of the 154th Tennessee which, it will be remembered,
was the first regiment from this State which entered the rebel service. Four of
them were from the 55th Tennessee and one was from Arkansas. They came
into our lines and surrendered themselves.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 9, 1863 - "Increased Travel."
The number of passengers on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad yesterday
morning was larger than it has been before a long time. Quite a number of
recruits are being sent to the different regiments. Yesterday twenty-eight went
out. Several deserters were also sent out. Desertion is a business which does
not pass as well as it used to.
Memphis Bulletin, September 9, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "NOTICE;" Special Orders, No. 216, payment of property taxes
Depot Quartermaster's Office,
Memphis, Tenn., September 10, 1863
The following order is published for the information of all concerned:
Page 116 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 10, 1863
Headquarters 16th Army Corps
Memphis, Tenn., September 9, 1863.
Special Orders, No. 216
~~~
IV. In all cases of property seized and occupied by the United States, and for
which rents may hereafter be allowed, Capt. A. R. Eddy, Depot Quartermaster,
is instructed to pay the direct taxes due the United States from the rental fund.
In cases of property which belongs to persons known to be disloyal, the taxes
will not be paid by the Quartermaster, but the property will be sold by the
Commissioners, and bought in for the United States, unless the taxes are paid
by other persons. The property to remain in the hands of the military authorities to the Tax Commissioners.
~~~
By Order of Major General S. A. Hurlbut.
Memphis Bulletin, September 18, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - Skirmish, Athens
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 10, 1863 - Occupation of Greeneville by Federal troops
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September 30, 1863.
~~~
September 10.--Col. J. W. Foster, Second Brigade, Fourth Division, and One
hundred and third Ohio, occupied Greeneville.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p.578.
September 10, 1863 - Bridge over the Hiwassee to Charleston burned by Confederates
•See September 10, 1863--Federal situation report, Athens, Hiwassee River
September 10, 1863 - Federal situation report, Athens, Hiwassee River
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, Athens, Tenn.,
September 10, 1863.
Lieut. Col. GEORGE B. DRAKE,
Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 117
September 10, 1863
I have the honor to inform you that my command is now at Athens, Tenn. I can
hear of no rebel forces on this side of the Hiwassee River. It is certain that the
Charleston bridge is burned; also that the three steam-boats that went up the
Hiwassee River are burned. It is reported here on reliable authority that Gen.
Rosecrans is in possession of Chattanooga. The best information I can obtain
places the rebel forces in retreat to Atlanta, Ga.
Respectfully, &c.,
R. K. BYRD, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 526.
September 10, 1863 - Occupation of Greeneville by Federal troops
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 10.-Col. J. W. Foster, Second Brigade, Fourth Division, and One
hundred and third Ohio, occupied Greeneville.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 578
September 10, 1863 - Federals ordered to hold Greeneville
HDQRS. TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, Tenn., September 10,
1863.
Col. J. W. FOSTER, Comdg. Second Brigade, Fourth Division:
The general commanding the corps directs you to hold Greeneville as long as
you can without risk of capture or serious loss, until re-enforcements can reach
you. The Ninth Ohio cannot be spared from here at present, but the Twelfth
Kentucky Cavalry, will be ordered to report to you from Sevierville. The general desires you to send this regiment back, to report to Col. Wolford, when the
remainder of your brigade, with the exception of the Ninth Ohio, joins you.
The original plan given you may be carried out upon the concentration of your
brigade, unless events render a charge necessary. Report daily, if possible, and
oftener if necessary.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 526-527.
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September 10, 1863
September 10, 1863 - "The Sons of Temperance."
Mr. Powell, No. 100 Main street, notifies us that the Division of Sons of Temperance, formerly so prosperous here, has not met for two years. Mr. Powell
has the records and regalia, and is ready, we presume, to co-operate with others
in resuscitating the society.
Memphis Bulletin, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "Dangerous Counterfeit."
Messrs. Bolling & Co., bankers, have sent us for examination, a one dollar bill
raised to a ten. Although any person with half an eye can detect the change, yet
so many people have not half an eye in the examination of currency, we think
proper to describe it. A genuine ten dollar bill has LINCOLN'S portrait at the
upper left hand corner, while a one dollar bill has CHASE'S. Again the one's
have a figure "1" in the upper left hand corner, also in the lower left hand corner, and a row of "ones" along the bottom. On the back, the figure "1" is likewise very prominent. All these have to be expunged in the labor of changing
the note to a ten, and the slightest imperfection will show the scratching and
painting process that are required. A genuine ten should have an eagle on top,
and a female classical figure on the right. The bill before us proves that "the
way of the transgressor is hard," for there is not less than a day's work
expended upon the swindle besides the chances of a rope around the neck of
the detective.
Memphis Bulletin, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "Warning to Fast Young Men."
Yesterday afternoon a young man, a clerk in one of our large stores on Main
street, succeeded in obtaining a pass to Vicksburg for a prostitute, by palming
her off as a respectable northern lady on her way to visit a sick brother in the
army. The true character of the female being discovered soon after she and her
gallant left the Provost Marshal's office, the hopeful pair were brought back
under arrest. The gentleman receives free board and lodging in the Irving Hotel
until his examination takes place, while the fair, frail one was permitted to
depart in peace.
Memphis Bulletin, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "Refugees."
We yesterday morning saw several women surrounded by large families of
children; these persons were fugitives from the tyranny of "Dixie." They were
from Itawamba county, Mississippi. One of the women had five small children,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 119
September 10, 1863
and was driven from her home because she had a brother in the 6th Tennessee
(Union) cavalry. This is liberty, with a vengeance.
Memphis Bulletin, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "Condition of West Tennessee-Marauders and Guerrillas"
Correspondence of the St. Louis Republican.
Memphis, September 3, 1863.-The country surrounding this city, (I now speak
of West Tennessee,) is not as quiet as the inhabitants would wish to see. Hardly
a day passes that refugees do not come to the officers who hold the peace and
quietness of this District in the hollow of their hands, and appeal to them, on
their knees, for protection from the heartless bands of marauders who infect
ever county in this State. At least, the counties in which your correspondent is
acquainted. I know from personal inquiry, that Haywood, Fayette, Tipton and
the counties in West Tennessee, are filled with a thieving set of fellows who
seek everything in their power to carry away. Many of these fellows are Federal soldiers. They were thieves before they joined the army, and it is not
expected they will be anything else now, with the demoralizing influences
which surround them. Many of them, under the guise of carrying out an order
of their superiors, seek the quiet homes of planters, and rob the inmates of
everything of any value to them. When their thefts are inquired into, they tell
their commanders the planter whom they have plundered is a "vile Secessionist," and on the division of the spoils they are released, and bid to be very
severe with all enemies to their country, whether with or without arms.
I saw a gentleman from Brownsville, Tennessee, but a few days since, who
made application, among others, for guns with which to protect themselves
from the prowling bands of villains who infest his section of country. The gentleman is wealthy, and if I mistake not, once held a responsible position under
Government patronage. He told the officer to whom he made application for
articles of warfare that they could furnish any amount; of currency so far as
himself was concerned but the men accompanying him were poor and could
not furnish the sureties required, but for all of that they were honest men. The
officer replied, he could not give the poor man anything with which to protect
themselves, but he could have two pistols. The gentlemen, after some time,
was successful in obtaining five additional guns, with which they went home.
This man sent other men to make the experiment of trying to obtain guns, and
by means which I do not propose to tell at this time, about 250 muskets, with
about twenty rounds of ammunition, were obtained, but not through the ordinary channel.
In Tipton County, the ball was put just in motion, occasioned by the cold
blooded murder of Mr. Davis by some of Field's men. The circumstances
attending this atrocious act were of such a nature as to excite the people terribly. Many of the most respectable citizens of the country were the most active
members of the new organizations for the preservation of the lives and prop-
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 10, 1863
erty of the defenceless citizens against the depredations of the guerrilla thieves.
The guerrillas understanding that the people were preparing to have vengeance
for the insults which they had heaped upon them, thought that discretion was
the better part of valor, and fled the country. At a later period, however, they
returned to another part of the country, and signalized themselves by shooting
three inoffensive negroes belonging to Dr. Robert Peete, who resides near the
Memphis and Ohio railroad, between the Mason and Stanton depots. Finding,
however, that their position, if caught, would be none of the best, they again
left the country, leaving Tipton county comparatively free from prowling
thieves.
In Haywood country, there were several small bands of thieving bandits who
assumed to rule the county, and were amusing themselves by exercising the
most outrageous insolence toward the people. Such a state of affairs could not
last long-the citizens had borne with them till forbearance ceased to be a virtue.
Several companies of home guards were organized, and went in pursuit of the
bandits, of whom they captured three, when near the village of Cageville. It
was thought these three men, whose names are Sam Grey, Alexander Waylor,
and B. L. Bagby, who have made themselves notorious by their unbridled conduct, would be shot by the enraged home guard.
In Hardeman county they are having a rather troublesome time. There, too, the
people had formed home guard companies for the purpose of protecting themselves against the guerrillas. Last week the guerrillas captured three of the
home guards near the old battle ground, on the Hatchie, and shot them. This
was the signal for the home guards to prepare to take vengeance for their murdered comrades. They went in pursuit to the thieves, of whom they succeeded
in capturing six, of these, three who had rendered themselves particularly
obnoxious, were hanged by the outraged citizens who has suffered so much at
their hands.
Give the inhabitants of West Tennessee what they ask, in the way of guns, and
in less than two months from this date there would not be enough guerrillas in
the country to tell the history of the companies. Both kinds of these, those clad
in blue as well as butternut, would pay the penalty of their outrages with their
lives. The people have risen in their might, with a determination almost uncontrollable, to drive the last thief from the country.
The last guerrilla raid in West Tennessee was last Saturday [August 29], and
the place selected was Brownsville. The band consisted of about fifty men, ten
of home are known to be Federal deserters. They approached the town from the
North, and almost before a citizen was aware of their presence, the town was
filled with mounted men. As they rode up the street, they had the appearance of
not being less than two hundred men.
The merchants in the town soon as possible closed their stores, and refused to
allow a man to enter on any pretense by the door. Some, in order to prevent a
disturbance, were out of the village. This greatly incensed the robbers, who
threatened if the stores were to at once unlocked they would burn down the
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September 10, 1863
entire town. A fellow by the name of Tom Green, who it is said, lives in Indiana, told a merchant if he did not unbolt the doors to his store he would blow
out his brains. This was a signal to compel the merchants to give the desperadoes free access to their stocks of goods. As soon as the stores were unfastened, the fellows rushed in pell-mell, taking everything of any value to them.
After all the stores in the place had been robbed, the chief told the merchants to
come forward and they should be paid for all that was taken, offering Confederate money. Some of the merchants took that in hope the fellow would at once
leave the place. They remained all day and night, and then, after completely
stripping the stores of every article which they could wear, departed.
Nashville Dispatch, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - "Where Are the Police?"
There is much complaint concerning "belligerent niggers" who are accustomed
to exhibit their propensities nearly every evening on Beal and Wellington
streets. They are in the habit of making use of any missiles which come handy,
and sometimes appropriate bricks from the sidewalks for warlike purposes. It
may be rare sport, but it is anything but sport to more sober people.
Memphis Bulletin, September 10, 1863.
September 10, 1863 - Federal courier line between Knoxville and Cumberland Gap to be
established
HDQRS. T TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS,
Knoxville, Tenn., September 10, 1863.
Col. FRANK WOLFORD, Comdg. Independent Brigade: The general commanding the corps directs you to establish a courier line between here and
Cumberland Gap immediately, via Tazewell, the posts to be 10 miles apart, 3
couriers to be on each post.
The officer under whose supervision it is to be established you will order to
report here at once. The general directs you to send 3 men here as soon as you
can, to take a dispatch through to Cumberland Gap.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 526-527.
September 11, 1863 - Recruitment Army of Tennessee deserters in the Army of the Cumberland
CHATTANOOGA, September 11, 1863—2 p. m.
(Received 7.25 p. m.) Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
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The number of deserters from the rebel army is great. Men who were conscripted on account of their loyalty, men who wish the lex talionis are among
them. Applications are numerous for permission to enter our service. An
immediate decision, if possible, by the War Department authorizing the enlistment of these men is desirable. They cannot follow the avocations of peace nor
have proper protection at home, and will be soon driven by causes founded in
human nature to some course prejudicial to the public interests. Please authorize me to use my discretion in the matter under such rules as care and War
Department orders may prescribe.
W. S. ROSECRANS, Maj.-Gen.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington City, September 11, 1863—9 p. m.
Maj. Gen. W. S. ROSECRANS, Chattanooga:
You are authorized to use your discretion in regard to the enlistment of deserters from the enemy. I have been under the impression that this authority was
given to you and Governor Johnson some time ago. On reference to the telegram of 29th August, addressed to you at Stevenson, Ala., by my order, from
the commissary-general of prisoners, you will perceived that such authority
was given, with suggestions for certain precautions to be observed in its exercise.
Your dispatch of 12.45 this day, addressed to Adjutant-Gen. Townsend, has
been referred to me. You are authorized to organize regiments and companies
from loyal citizens of the States in which your army may be operating, for any
period not less than one year, as they may elect. You will select competent persons to officer the forces thus enlisted, and upon reporting their names to this
Department, they will be commissioned by the President and their commissions will be forwarded to you. You will make requisitions upon the proper
bureaus for arming, clothing, and equipping such troops.
EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 529-530.
September 11, 1863 - Confederate scouting parties and pickets at Henderson Station driven
back by Federal forces
HDQRS., September 11, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. HARTSUFF, Comdg. Twenty-third Army Corps, Knoxville, Tenn.:
Enemy's scouting parties and pickets at Henderson Station, 6 miles above.
Have sent out cavalry to drive them back. . .
JOHN. W. FORSTER.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 557.
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September 11, 1863
September 11, 1863 - "These are sad days for we secessionists," despondency in Cleveland
. . . We all got up with sad hearts, longing for the return of our army. Everything is so still, no cars and very few persons passing about. We look for them
(the Yankees) every day and wonder what will be our fate. Numbers of southern families have left. Mother and Sister have gone up this morn to see Mrs.
Hardin. Oh, it is so lonesome. We have no life about us, no encouragement to
work. Do not know how long we will get to keep what we have even. We are
needing rain very badly, everything is perfectly parched up. Aunt E. sent in
work for us to fast yesterday but we did not. I have a slight headache and a sore
throat and concluded to eat. I never felt so bad in my life, we hear nothing of
our army, do not know what it is doing. We are cut off from all news. . . The
Yankees' cavalry came in a while after dark tonight. . . These are sad days for
we secessionists, but we hope for brighter.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 11, 1863 - A schoolgirl's patriotic amusement in Bolivar
Lilly Hill and myself took a ride this morning. This evening was spent very
pleasantly indeed. Mrs. Polk, Misses McNeal, Bills, and Hill came over about
3 o'clock and sat until about six. We sung all our new songs; besides we sung
health to all the States and Generals in the Confederacy. Some of the verses
were composed by officers in General Bragg's Army and some by Mrs. Polk,
Kate and myself. Mrs. Polk's verse was:
"Here's a health to General Pillow
For he's forced to wear the willow."NOTE 1
Kate's was:
"Here's a health to Jeff Davis
For he'll do his best to save us."
and mine,
"Here's a health to General Lee
For he fights for liberty."
Diary of Sally Wendel Fentress.
NOTE 1: The meaning of the phrase "wearing the willow" is not known. In the nineteenth century it may have meant wearing a willow hat, that is, a hat made
of willow branches. How this may have been meant to apply to Pillow is not
understood.
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September 11, 1863 - Athens occupied by Federals
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 11.-Col. Byrd occupied Athens, Tenn.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 578.
September 11, 1863 - "Memphis Gangrene Hospital."
The popular idea of a hospital, especially a military hospital, is that of a sort of
golgotha, a place of horrid sights, sounds and fetor. In common with others,
our reporter admits that he had participated in this idea, so far at least as to look
shudderingly upon a hospital as he passed, and to hurry forward with accelerated pace. It was not until recently that so unworthy an idea was removed from
is mind, and that was done by visiting them and inspecting for himself their
appearance and management. He selected the Gangrene Hospital under the
charge of Dr. Cleveland, for his first essay, rightly judging that the worst
aspects of a hospital would be visible in the treatment of a disease always
accompanied with horrid symptoms and so frequently fatal. The building occupied for gangrene and erysipelas is the Baptist Church on Second street. It is
admirably adapted for a hospital, especially one where much fresh air is
needed. The body of the church forms the hospital wards embracing fifty beds
arranged in four rows. The pulpit, with a little shelving, makes a good pharmacy, the retiring rooms of the parson form private offices for the surgeon in
charge and for his cadets and assistants and the cottage in the rear, formerly the
domicile of the sexton answers admirably for dining room, etc. One report met
with the greatest courtesy, both from Dr. Cleveland, who is Surgeon in charge
and Dr. Weeks, who had just been ordered to the post of Medical Director of
the Department of Arkansas. The modesty of Dr. Cleveland was with difficulty
overcome in getting his permission even to mention his name in this article.
The Gangrene Hospital was opened July 39th, by Dr. Cleveland and order
being dated the 19th of the previous month. The greatest number of patients in
the wards at a single time has been twenty-five; at present there are eighteen,
mostly convalescing and doing well. The cleanliness of the rooms, of the outhouses and appurtenances, was a matter of surprise until our reporter learned
that there was a man kept all the time whitewashing where the antiseptic could
be laid on with a brush, there it abounds, and no hall or corner from roof to
foundations stone is left to harbor miasmatic exhalations. The beds are models
of neatness, and when the difficulty of keeping them so under the frequent
dressings necessary in gangrenous cases is considered, it is really wonderful to
behold. If the hotel and boarding house-keepers could take lessons in this
respect from Dr. Cleveland, the comfort of their guests would be greatly
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September 11, 1863
enhanced. A great fact in the science of healing has been developed in this hospital, viz.,: that bromine is a specific in the treatment of gangrene. The experiments which led to this discovery, we believe, by Dr. Hammond, Surgeon
General of the United Sates, and followed up by Prof. Brainard, of Chicago.
But these gentlemen confined its application to the bites of poisonous serpents,
in which it was found almost a specific. Dr. Goldsmith, of Louisville, and Dr.
Weeks, to whom we have already alluded in this article, extended its use to the
poisonous matter of gangrene, and the following is the result: Of 29 cases
treated without bromide, 9 died, all of gangrene. Of 146 cases treated with bromine, 12 have died, only for of them of gangrene. These results will startle the
medical world, and if the experiment can be sustained, will prove bromine to
be as great a specific in this disease as quinine is in intermittents.
The records of this hospital, made up daily monthly, are masterpieces of system and detail. Every indication is recorded and the results so thoroughly calculated as to afford permanent records for the medical profession of the highest
value. Of the notes taken by our reporter, we may have occasion to make further use.
Memphis Bulletin, September 11, 1863.
September 11, 1863 - Memphis Board of School Visitors
According to notice the Board met in the Mayor's office, and, in the absence of
Mr. Clark, Mr. Wetherell was appointed secretary, pro tem Mr. Lemon reported
on school houses. Dr. Scott, principal of senior male school, made an application for an addition to text books on latin and mathematics, which was received
and filed. Mr. Loague read a communication, relative to a conversation on public schools, wherein Mr. Clark had assumed the authority of making a compromise in the matter of the senior schools, which Mr. Clark characterized as a
"lie." Dr. Scott reiterated "most emphatically" his former statement, and the
Board sustained the Doctor by ordering the communication to be spread upon
the minutes. Mr. Lemon moved the adoption of the rules which governed the
city schools in 1858-9. After being read by the Secretary the rules were
adopted, and five hundred copies ordered to be printed for general circulation.
Mr. Lemon handed in a paper charging Rev. R. Hines with discourteous conduct toward the Board, insulting when applying for tickets and threatening a
teacher with his vengeance dire, when she applied of a school [position] for
next year, should she not obey his unjust commands. Referred to a committee
for investigation. Mr. Signaigo laid before the Board the complaints of several
teachers who had not received the bonds with which the city paid them,
although Mr. L. S. Clark, the Secretary of the Board, had received them from
the City Controller. It would appear that some of the teachers made many visits
to Mr. Clark, but could not succeed in getting either money or bond; in one
case a due bill of Mr. Clark's was obtained which has not yet been honored by
payment. If such complainants are well founded—and we are assured they
are—that such conduct is highly reprehensible. We presume that school teach-
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ers are not endowed with a superabundance of this world's goods, and all they
earn is necessary, for present use, so that any persons withholding their salaries, after being honorably served, is deficient in the principle of "Do unto others as you would have other do unto you."
Memphis Bulletin, September 11, 1863.
September 11, 1863 - "Knoxville and Chattanooga-Their Military Relations."
It is difficult, in the utter absence of details, to say precisely what the evacuation of Knoxville and the abandonment of the line of the Virginia and East Tennessee Railroad-whose supreme importance we have so often pointed out-in a
military sense means. If the rebel army in that region is not so far demoralized
as wholly to escape the ordinary rules of criticism, the withdrawal from Knoxville and the upper mountain region of East Tennessee would simply be an act
of concentration on the part of Gen. Bragg, which, though involving the giving
up of an important point, and the abandonment of the main line of communications between the right and center zones of the theatre of war-a great temporary
sacrifice, to be sure, might yet be ultimately justified by the result of operations
in other portions of the field.
The force in the Upper Tennessee mountain region consisted of from eight to
twelve thousand men; under Gen. Buckner, and was simply intended as a corps
of observation, and to guard the line of communications from raids. It was no
more than a strong flanking-party, whose duty would be to fall back upon the
main body in case of a serious attack. The force of Gen. Burnside was greatly
superior to the force of Gen. Buckner, and it was an act of prudence on the part
of the latter to form a junction with Gen. Bragg.
The possession of the mountain region and the rich valley through which runs
the railroad line forming the main artery between the East and West, will be
decided by the result of the shock of arms between the two great armies-the
one under Gen. Bragg at or in the vicinity of Chattanooga, the other under Gen.
Rosecrans, who is maneuvering toward that place. It was therefore perfectly
correct policy on the part of the rebel commander to call in all his detachments
and concentrate all his forces for one determined struggle, with the hope of
defeating and destroying-for it is a country which admits of it-the Union army.
If Burnside remains at Knoxville, he, of course, deprives Gen. Rosecrans of
active cooperative aid on the chief field of operations. If, on the contrary, he
joins Gen. Rosecrans, he gives up what he now holds.
We trust, however, that Gen. Rosecrans, is strong enough to carry out his purpose with out the aid of Gen. Burnside's force. Then with that force planted
across the rebel communications all chance of the rebels being able to reinforce Bragg from the troops in Virginia will be cut off, except by making a
great detour by the Western and Atlantic Railroad, and this Gen. Rosecrans
had, at last advices already taken steps to cut.
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September 11, 1863
The main object in Gen. Burnside's advance in a military point of view has
already been served: that was to cover the left flank of Gen. Rosecran's
advance and observe the mountain passes through which the enemy might
debouch for a turning movement on Rosecrans, similar to that executed by
Bragg against Buell this time last year.
If it were not against all military principles, we might suppose it intended that
Burnside should move down either by the Sequatchy Valley, or south of the
Tennessee observing the railroad line and forming a junction with Gen. Rosecrans in the vicinity of Chattanooga. This would be only proper in case he were
strong enough to take care of himself against Bragg, who otherwise would find
himself excellently placed to repeat Napoleon at Rivoli.
There is no doubt, however, that Bragg's army is really very much demoralized, and that Gen. Rosecrans is operating in a country where he will meet with
much sympathy, and even material aid, and under such circumstances, much
may be attempted that would be very hazardous against such an army as that of
Lee. And yet, demoralized though we believe Bragg's army to be, he can
undoubtedly get a big fight out of it. If beaten thoroughly, it will go to pieces. If
victorious, that will do much to restore its morale.
These considerations go to show that the value and sanction of Gen. Burnside's
occupancy of Knoxville will depend on the upshot of military events at Chattanooga. And we do not attempt to conceal the great difficulty of the take before
Gen. Rosecrans.
New York Times, September 11, 1863.
September 11, 1863 - President Abraham Lincoln lectures Military Governor Andrew
Johnson about reconstructing Tennessee state government
EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, September 11, 1863.
Hon. ANDREW JOHNSON:
MY DEAR SIR: All Tennessee is now clear of armed insurrectionists. You
need not to be reminded that it is the nick of time for reinaugurating a loyal
State Government. Not a moment should be lost. You and the co-operating
friends there can better judge of the ways and means than can be judged by any
here. I only offer a few suggestions. The reinauguration must not be such as to
give control of the State and its representation in Congress to the enemies of
the Union, driving its friends there into political exile. The whole struggle for
Tennessee will have been profitless to both State and Nation if it so ends that
Governor Johnson is put down and Governor Harris is put up. It must not be
so. You must have it otherwise. Let the reconstruction be the work of such men
only as can be trusted for the Union. Exclude all others, and trust that your
government so organized will be recognized here as being the one of republican form to be guaranteed to the State, and to be protected against invasion and
domestic violence. It is something on the question of time to remember that it
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September 11, 1863
cannot be known who is next to occupy the position I now hold, nor what he
will do. I see that you have declared in favor of emancipation in Tennessee, for
which may God bless you. Get emancipation into you new State government
constitution and there will be no such word as fail for your case. The raising of
colored troops, I think, will greatly help every way.
Yours, very truly,
A. LINCOLN.
OR, Ser. III, Vol. 3, p. 789.
September 11, 1863 - September 15, 1863 - A scout in Warren and Grundy counties; the
observations of Sergeant Charles Alley of the 5th Iowa Cavalry
Saturday, Sept. 12th.—Yesterday [11th] our company got orders to be ready to
march at 1/2 past 9 o'clock in the evening. At that hour we reported at General
Speer's Quarters, and after staying in the street from that time till three o'clock
in the morning we started. Having three day's rations in our haversacks. About
five miles out we stopped and fed out horses from a field of corn. Our road lay
nearly due east for a little farther than this till we passed a range of hills which
rises here and there we turned southward keeping up the valley of the Collins
River having a mountain on either hand. We followed up this valley from
McMinnville and then ascending the mountain we followed it all day. In the
evening passing through the village of Altamont—and a poor looking village it
is, but perhaps as good as could be looked for on top of a mountain. Still there
was evidence of taste in some of the people, as some of the cottages had pleasant porches, adorned with rose bushes. Along the rest of our course on the
mountain there was nothing to relieve the monotony of the woods but once in
awhile a bit of clearing and a few dirty looking children in ashy looking
clothes, that would almost make one wish while looking at them for the woods
again. Camped or rather bivouacked for the night near a little corn field, which
was left pretty bare by the time we got through with it. Marched today 33
miles.
Sunday [Sept. 13]—Today we came to Tracy City 40 miles from McMinnville.
One would never think of its being a city if it had not the name. It is on top of
the mountain, and is composed of about a score of shanties and log cabins of
English, Welsh, Scotch Irish and American miners, with two or three small
plain frame houses. It is important only for its coal mines, which are extensive
and are about to be worked by the government. It has a branch road, the Nashville and Chattanooga road. Here were a company of the 33rd Indiana Infantry
and a company of invalids.
Monday [Sept. 14]-Today we spend doing nothing except looking round as to
see what we could see, which on the whole did not amount to a great deal.
Some of Stokes Cavalry (1st Middle Tennessee ) saw a number of porkers yesterday and our men were not slow to follow their example, but fell far short of
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September 11, 1863
rivaling it. I never yet have seen men on in for mischief with such a relish as
the Tennesseans. The first time we got among them was at McMinnville. A
regiment had just come in there and one of them was placed on guard in a garden to keep the boys out. Coming by there he asked me if the man owning the
place was a union man. I told I heard he was a captain in the rebel army."Ha,"
said he, "Vegatables will be plenty in camp soon, I will call up the boys and set
them to work—catch us guarding a rebel's property." ["]What will your officers say to that [?"] said I. ["] Oh [",] said he—["] they'd go out of their way any
time to strip a rebel. If we stay her long won't the rebels around here wish we
hadn't come"["] This man belonged to the 6th East Tennessee Infantry. Stokes
men and officers appeared to go on the same plan. If a thing belonged to a rebel
that was reason enough to destroy it.
The people appear to appreciate them too, a "lady" who was in camp with fruit
to sell being asked by one of the boys who she sold peaches, replied by asking
where we were from. We said from the north—["]well[,"] said she if so you
can have peaches for five cents a dozen, if you were Tennesseans I would
charge you ten cents.["] We told her the men across the road were Tennesseans,
and that perhaps she had better not let them hear her say so, sure enough, when
she went to their camp she charged them ten cents.
I cannot say I blame the Tennessee troops when one listened for a while to tales
of what they suffered at rebel's hands, anything the do ceases to be a wonder,
when a man is driven from his home and it is destroyed and he hunted—he is
like to use power when the time comes.
Tuesday Sept. 15th—Yesterday evening the remainder of Stokes Cavalry came
in and we returned to McMinnville making the march in one day. We came
back nearly by the same road we went out, turning aside to Bersheba Springs.
A place that was at least intended for a fashionable watering place. It had
accommodations for five or six hundred guests. It is a very pleasant place with
a number of rather costly buildings from the Gothic cottage to the Log house,
not the log house for the pioneer, but a house built of logs sawed and then
every appliance of wealth to make it tasteful or fantastic. The hotel is quite an
extensive building built plain, and is well fitted up—or was. It is divided into
suites of rooms of four each; and was furnished in a costly manner. John Morgan relieved the proprietors of the care of the beds to the number of 500. The
people through the country took care of the furniture and the Yankees came last
and did more damage than all combined; thought what they had to damage I
can't see except it was the bare wall and they are there yet. I just give the tale as
I had it.
There is quite a number of fine views of mountain scenery as the hotel stands
on top of a hill 13000 feet above the plain and 2000 feet about the level of the
sea. To the north and west the view extends almost to McMinnville—deep
ravine-narrow vallies —steep and precipitous hills covered to their tops with
green woods, except here and there where the grey rocks of a precipice stood
out bare and bold. In other places a grove of pines gave a deeper tine to a part
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of the scene, but these were only exceptions to the general appearance of the
whole scene.
By night fall we were again at our camp and found all the troops we left there
gone and our regiment left alone. Tired as we were, we were glad to be let lie
down and a goodnight's sleep on the ground made us all right again.
Alley Diary, entries for September 12—15, 1863
September 11, 1863 - September 16, 1863 - Expedition from Corinth, Mississippi, to Henderson, Tennessee
SEPTEMBER 11-16, 1863.-Expedition from Corinth, Miss., to Henderson,
Tenn., with Skirmishes at Clark's Creek Church (13th) and near Henderson
(14th).
Report of Maj. George H. Estabrook, Seventh Illinois (mounted) Infantry.
CORINTH, MISS., September 16, 1863.
SIR: I would respectfully submit the following report:
Agreeably to orders from headquarters Left Wing, I started with the Seventh
Illinois Mounted Infantry and 100 men of the Tenth Missouri Cavalry, under
Maj. Lusk, in all 400 men, at 4 p. m. September 11, camping that night 6 miles
south of Adamsville, avoiding Purdy on the route.
Started early next morning, and marched to within 4 miles of Jack's Creek,
avoiding all main roads, and camping on a road leading from the Lexington to
Saltillo road; learned on the route that Newsom, Wilson, and others were to
concentrate their forces at or near Jack's Creek on Saturday and Sunday, 12th
and 13th instant, and to gather up their conscripts preparatory to crossing the
river.
This evening, as I was preparing to encamp, my advance encountered an outpost or scouting party of the enemy and gave them chase, capturing one of
Newsom's command. I sent 100 men, under command of Capt. Johnson, to
Jack's Creek to reconnoiter; met the enemy's pickets 1 mile east of town, drove
them in, and dashed into town, the enemy having taken position near Beaver's
Mills, 3 miles farther north and reported in force, and it being too dark for farther successful reconnoitering, the expedition returned to camp about 12 midnight.
Next morning 13th, received dispatches from Capt. Harrison, then at Adamsville, on his way to Corinth with prisoners, &c. My orders being to clean out
what guerrillas I might find, as well as to form a junction with Harrison, I felt
at liberty to move on in pursuit of Newsom, and so marched forward, encountering a small squad of the enemy, who were evidently on the lookout, about 1
mile north of Jack's Creek, captured 1 man, and pushed steadily forward to
Beaver's Mills, after fully exploring the timber where the enemy had that
morning been encamped. Halted command at Beaver's Mills, and sent a recon-
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noitering party of cavalry toward Clark's Creek Church, where it was reported
the enemy were to meet in an advantageous position.
This church is 3 miles from the mills. The party sent reported the enemy in
force at the church with strong pickets. Pushed forward, driving in the pickets,
the enemy breaking up Into small squads, and scattering in different directions
through the country.
Followed the main force in a southwest direction to Bray's mills, on Clark's
Creek, our advance having frequent skirmishes and capturing several of the
enemy encamped that night at the ford near Bray's house on road to Henderson.
Learning from refugees who came to camp that night that the enemy were
probably encamped in swamp just north of Henderson, protected by canebrake, I pushed forward next morning to Henderson, and sent 100 mounted
infantry and 50 cavalry to beat up their camp, holding the remainder of the
force in reserve.
The enemy had decamped, probably taking the road toward Jackson, where
they had already sent 60 conscripts.
Our rations being exhausted, and not deeming it advisable to pursue the enemy
farther, I started next morning for Corinth. About 5 miles out from Henderson,
on the Purdy road, my rear guard was attacked by 100 of Wilson's command.
In driving off this force 1 man of the Tenth Missouri was killed; 2 horses also
killed; not known what damage was inflicted on the enemy.
Had learned the day before that Wilson was encamped at or near Medon, and
during the skirmish Lieut. Harrison, of the scouts, who had been sent to Montezuma for news, captured a citizen named Henry Hanns, about one-half mile
from the enemy's attack and running toward Montezuma, evidently being a
spy. Lieut. Harrison called on him to halt, which he refused, when he was fired
upon and wounded, but he still refused to halt until knocked from his horse. He
is now in stockade with other prisoners. From this place my rear was continually harassed until within 6 miles of Purdy.
Encamped 3 miles north of Purdy and returned to Corinth the morning of the
16th. I captured 21 prisoners of Newsom's and Wilson's command, also 21
horses and mules. I also brought in 6 citizens charged with harboring and feeding guerrillas.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. H. ESTABROOK, Maj. Seventh Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Expedition.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 652-653.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Not referenced in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
"Scouting in West Tennessee."
From the Memphis Bulletin, Sept. 25.
Page 132 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 11, 1863
A band of guerrillas, under Captain Newsom, have for several weeks past been
committing depredations, enforcing their conscriptions, and making mischief
generally, through the counties of McNairy and Henderson. On the 11th [Friday] inst., an expedition was fitted out under Major [G. H.] Esterbrook, of the
7th Illinois to squelch the marauders. It consisted of the 7th Illinois mounted
infantry, four companies of the 4th Missouri cavalry, and one company of the
first Alabama [U. S. ] cavalry, accompanied by Harrison's scouts, the whole
numbering some four hundred strong. Leaving Corinth about sunset, the expedition moved all night and reached Adamsville, about thirty miles from
Corinth, the next morning [12th].
No enemy being found there they went on to Jack's creek, noted for its disloyal
reputation. They scoured that region thoroughly, taking a few prisoners; but the
tactics of the enemy were to divide into squads of fifteen or twenty and run at
the first signal, which rendered it impracticable to secure many of them.
From McNairy the expedition proceeded to Henderson, on the Mobile and
Ohio railroad, where it remained part of ten days, sending out detachments in
all directions and securing prisoners. The latter were secured temporarilyin the
old stockade, built here a year ago by our forces for the protection of the road.
From Henderson the expedition returned to Corinth.
The main rendezvous of the rebels seemed to be at a mill between Jack's creek
and Lexington-where they brought and ground the grain they levied from
Union people, and here they received the orders upon which their depredations
were conducted. Our soldiers were anxious to burn this structure, but were forbidden by the officers. However, some of them repaired its gearing and stone,
and so bunglingly that it is thought but little more grain will be ground upon it
for a good while.
A few miles, on their return from Henderson, the troops were fired into by the
guerrillas, several time repeated, but with no other damage. The results of the
expedition were the capture of thirty-two guerrillas, four conscripts, one Major
and one Captain. The Major had just been elected from a first Lieutenant, and
had not received his commission from the rebel Government. He claimed to be
a bearer of dispatches from Gen. Roddy, at Florence, to Newsom, the leader of
guerrillas in West Tennessee, was caught by our pickets after night, he mistaking them for Newsom's pickets. No dispatches however, were found upon his
person.
Nashville Dispatch, October 3, 1863.
September 11, 1863 - September 16, 1863 - Expedition from LaGrange to Toone's Station
Report of a scout to Toone's Station by this brigade, under Lieut.-Col. Breckenridge, Sixth Tennessee Cavalry
CAMP 6TH TENN. CAV., Grand Junction, Tenn., September 19, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 133
September 11, 1863
SIR: In pursuance to special orders, No.__, ordering all the available forces of
the brigade to advance to Toone's Station, where 800 of the enemy were
reported to be locating, at 3 p. m. on the 13th September, 1863, Maj. W. J.
Smith, with a detachment of 200 men from the Sixth Tennessee Cavalry, was
ordered to proceed by the most direct route to Bolivar, Tenn., to take possession of the ferry across the Hatchie River, and hold it until he was joined by the
remainder of the brigade. At 6 p. m. I left camp at LaGrange in command of
the brigade en route for Toone's Station. I reached the Hatchie River at sunrise
on the 14th, and had the entire command crossed over by 9 a. m. I was then in
4 miles of the reported position of the enemy. I so disposed of the troops under
my command as to surround their position, which was done about 11.30 a. m.,
but the enemy was not to be found. The citizens reported to me that Newsom,
with about 500 men under his command, had abandoned his position at that
place on the evening previous, and went off in the direction of Jack's Creek,
Tenn., by way of Clover Creek and Medon Station.
Finding the enemy too far in the advance for immediate pursuit, I decided to
proceed on after them as far as Clover Creek, and camp for the night. I sent two
companies, under command of Capt. Hodges, out on the trail of the enemy
with instructions to go as far as Medon Station, and to ascertain, if possible, the
direction taken or location of the enemy. The most reliable information I could
obtain from that place was that Newsom's command had been divided, about
half proceeding in the direction of Jackson, Tenn., and the other half in the
direction of Jack's Creek, Tenn.
And on the 15th, I moved with the command about 8 miles on the Jackson
road, to where it was intersected with the Denmark and Mifflin road. I then
decided that farther pursuit was vain, as we had left camp with but one day's
rations.
Turning my course in the southeast direction, with the Sixth Tennessee Cavalry
thrown out on the left, with instructions to reach Pocahontas at 6 p. m. on the
16th. The Seventh Tennessee Cavalry was thrown to the right with the same
instructions, covering a space of about 6 miles on each side of the road. The
brigade was composed of the Third, Ninth, and Eleventh Illinois Cavalry, and
the Sixth and Seventh Tennessee Cavalry, and I, with the Third, Ninth, and
Eleventh Illinois Cavalry, proceeded to Medon Station, and from thereon to
Montezuma, and when in about 5 miles of Montezuma the advance guard met
up with a squad of the enemy and killed 8 of them and took 14 prisoners, and
the remainder of them made their escape through the woods and brush. I then
proceeded on to Montezuma with the prisoners and camped for the night, and
the next morning (the 17th), about 6 o'clock, I proceeded to Pocahontas with
the command. I got there about 4.30 p. m., and camped for the night. The Sixth
and Seventh Tennessee Cavalry rejoined the command at about 6.30 p. m. The
next morning (the 18th), about 8 o'clock, I left Pocahontas for camp at
LaGrange, Tenn. I did not come up with any more of the enemy, but there are
several bands of them over the country, plundering and taking everything that
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 12, 1863
is left in the country for the Union families to live upon. I arrived at LaGrange
about 4 a. m., thus closing the expedition.
W. K. M. BRECKENRIDGE.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 654.
September 12, 1863 - Skirmish at Rheatown
No circumstantial reports filed.
Maj.-Gen. BURNSIDE, Knoxville, Tenn.:
Col. Graham reports his outpost pickets have been attacked near Rheatown today, and that there had been considerable fighting; he thinks the enemy is in
force and moving this way. He has had 1 seriously wounded, and reports 6 of
the enemy killed. He thinks the enemy has a large force; says Gen. Jackson
commands the advance. I give you these reports as I receive them, in order that
you may be fully informed.
JOHN W. FOSTER, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 592.
September 12, 1863 - Skirmish at Jack's CreekNOTE 1
•See September 11, 1863-September 16, 1863-Expedition from Corinth, Mississippi, to Henderson, Tennessee
NOTE 1: Jack's Creek was in recent times known for its unrivaled barbecue.
September 12, 1863 - Federal cavalry in Cleveland, confusion of loyalties
. . . The Yankees cavalry rode in (about two hundred) from the fair ground
where they bivouacked last night, the "stars and stripes" floating above their
heads, I could not realize they were our enemies and had come to deal death
missals amongst us. . . The Federals left town this morning.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 12, 1863 - "Suicide."
Mrs. Delilah Hunn, a young woman about eighteen years of age, committed
suicide yesterday morning, at her residence West of Capitol Hill, buy taking
two ounces of laudanum. She was known to be in a very destitute condition,
and this was the only probably cause of her self-destruction. A coroner's
inquest was held upon the body, and a verdict rendered according to the facts
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 135
September 12, 1863
here stated. G. M. Southgate, Esp. caused the unfortunate deceased to be buried
as a pauper.
Nashville Daily Press, September 13, 1863.
September 12, 1863 - "Those Who Dance Must Pay the Piper."
Just as we go to press, observing the street blockaded in front of the Irving
Prison, we gather the following items of a "big thing." It seems that a sort of
barn dance was going on, on Main street, near Beal, in which ladies of easy virtue bore a prominent part. The uproar had become so tremendous that word
was sent to Gen. Hurlbut. A word and a blow; and the blow first. The General
ordered the whole audience arrested; the result is that sixty men are walking
solemnly inside that bourne from whence no traveler returns-before morning.
We could moralize on this. Late as it is, we could overhaul our Solomon and
make a note on it. Sancho Panza would assist us with old saws, and even
Shakespeare might yield a thought upon such varieties as incipient manhood is
prone to indulge in and their tremendous consequences. But spare, friends. We
drop a tear at the thought of these three score convivants without musquito
barsNOTE 1, ice, or other comforters wearing out the night under charge of Capt.
Emerson.
Memphis Bulletin, September 12, 1863.
NOTE 1: Most likely mosquito netting.
September 12, 1863 - Report relative to esprit de corps of Army of Tennessee
HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Gordon's
Mills, September 12, 1863—7.30 p. m.
Capt. P. P. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
CAPT.: Three deserters, belonging to the First Confederate, Jackson's brigade,
Cheatham's division, Polk's corps, just brought in by my pickets, furnish the
following information:
. . . They say. . . that the Tennessee troops especially were harangued by Governor [Isham G. ] Harris. He told them that our army was separated into three
corps, and that they (rebels) had four corps; that they outnumbered us two to
one, and that they would fall on and destroy two of our corps before the other
corps could come up. Governor Harris further told them that he wished to
make one more Fourth of July speech after the war was over, to tell how well
the Tennessee troops had fought. After remaining in line of battle some time,
they were marched again toward La Fayette, and encamped Thursday night
near Rock Spring, some 5 miles from here.
I should have remarked that Governor Harris told the men, in his speech, that
the battle would certainly come off in four days. . . They deserted from their
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 12, 1863
command yesterday morning, near Rock Spring. . . They have been skulking in
the hills since yesterday morning, trying to get to us. They say it is commonly
reported that Bragg's army is from 60,000 to 70,000 strong, but they do not
think it so much, and that the strength is exaggerated to encourage the men.
Another deserter, who was brought in with these men, reports himself belonging to White's battery, attached to one of Forrest's brigades of cavalry. He says
he killed Capt. White this morning, two hours before day, and made his escape.
The captain had drawn his pistol to shoot him, when he seized a gun and shot
him. . . his brigade and battery marched to Tunnel Hill, and encamped last
night, where he killed Capt. White this morning. . .
All these men confirm the dissatisfaction among the Tennessee troops and
those from Northern Georgia and Alabama. I would desire that this resume be
sent immediately to department headquarters.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen. of Volunteers, Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 581-582.
September 12, 1863 - Prisoner of war John Bachman, with Captain Tevitt's Local Defense
Troops (Confederate), in Knoxville to his wife Rachel in Sullivan County
Knoxville Sept[.] 12th 1863
Dear wife I was captured at Jonesborough[.] I am well except a very sore ancle
I wish you would send me a good pair of socks and 2 shirts and a good Blanket
or an overcoat and pants[;] put them in a sachel or haversac dont greeve after
me[.] I cant tell the Boys to take care of the Crop as well as they can keep what
grain you have[.] Get Lynes or bob to see to your claims &c.
Andy Coleman ose $16.00 & Thomas Hickman $10.00[.] Borrowed at Salt
Works[.] I have no time to write you much satisfactions there is with me J. H.
Grouch Jon Ball Edmon Wheelock & others of my friends[.] We expect to be
sent to Camp Chase and if it should be so we many Remain some months[.]
So I remain your affectionate Husband
John Bachman
W. P. A. Civil War Records, Vol. I, p. 126.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Tennessee, Records of East Tennessee, Civil War Records, Volume I, Prepared by the Historical Records Survey Transcription Unit, Division of
Women's and Professional Projects Works Progress Administration, Mrs.
John Trotwood Moore, State Librarian and Archivist, Sponsor, T. Marshall
Jones, State Director, Mrs. Penelope Johnson Allen, State Supervisor, Mrs.
Margaret H. Richardson, District Supervisor, Nashville, Tennessee, The
Historical Records Survey, June 1, 1939, p. 126. [Hereinafter cited as W. P.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 137
September 12, 1863
A. Civil War Records, Vol.___, p. ____, etc.]
September 12, 1863 - Negroes and Confederate property rights in East Tennessee
Contrabands.
The rebels and their sympathizers are reaping the whirlwind where they sowed
the wind, and, as is usual in such cases, others besides themselves are suffering
from these unfortunate agricultural labors.
In plain words, ever since the beginning of the war, they have declared through
the press, in public speeches, and in private conversations, that this was an abolition war, and that when the Yankees should possess East Tennessee the
negroes would all be free. It is not surprising that the negroes have taken these
pestilent agitators at their word; and believe themselves, without respect to the
political status of their masters, to be free, and are acting on that belief. That
these blacks are constantly deserting their masters, fling hither and thither, in
their endeavors to find an asylum in the ranks of the Union army, or an egress
to the North, is but the natural result of the teaching they have had from the
rebels themselves during the last two years. Chattels human having ears have
heard it declared a thousand times that when the Yankees come they would be
free, having tongues have consulted many a time among themselves as to the
"Kingdom Comin," and having legs, when the day actually comes when they
have the soldiers of the Union in their midst, they naturally walk off.
Neither the Government of the United States, its authorized agents, civil or
military, nor the Union men of East Tennessee are responsible for this state of
things. In fact, they are all considerably inconvenienced by it. In those sections
of the South where the people are, or have been, stiff-necked and rebellious,
the army of the Union is an army of liberation to the blacks, and of vengeance
upon the disturbers of the peace who call themselves "chivalry." In the loyal
portions of the South, like East Tennessee, the army of the Union has a totally
different mission. It is an army of liberation to the whites, and has not nor can
it have under any law or proclamation, the least right to interfere with the "status" of the negro race. Nor has it the least inclination to do so.
But those who have committed treason against the United States, or have
"adhered to the enemy, giving him aid and comfort," have no constitutional
rights whatever, and they may as well understand that at once. For them to
plead the guaranties of the constitution of the United States, or the immunities
of laws of Congress, or proclamations of the President, is simply impudence,
as absurd as it is disgusting. For two years they have been striking with devilish malignity at the nation's life, and when the nation is in a fair way to have
her own again, they attempt to shield themselves from punishment by pleading
the Constitution of the United States. They have been cut off from the true gospel for some time, and we tell them plainly, that from this time forth they hold
not only their negroes, but their very lives, not by any tenure of right, but simply by the clemency of the Government of the United States. If they have any
Page 138 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 12, 1863
pleasant doubts on this point, we will have in a few days copies of various acts
of Congress and proclamations of the President that will dispel them.
We have indulged in these remarks for the benefit of those specimens of the
genus traitor who are hanging about our streets and lurking in the environs of
the camps, endeavoring to spirit away negroes who have been taken into the
service of the United States as teamsters, cooks, etc. We warn them to desist. If
they consider themselves wronged, let them present their cases before the
proper military authorities and they will be heard, and that is more of grace
than the rebellion ever accorded the Union men of East Tennessee. Ego et meus
res, the synonymn of egotistic selfishness, has lost its potency in this land, and
the days of bogus chivalry are numbered. Loyalty, as a citizen, and worthy, as a
man, not ownership of a "nigger," is and will henceforth be the test of merit.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 12, 1863.
September 12, 1863 - September 23, 1863 - Correspondence between E. M. Stanton, Major
George L. Stearns, Military Governor Andrew Johnson and President
Abraham Lincoln relative to the enlistment of the slaves of citizens loyal to
the Union
NASHVILLE, TENN., September 12, 1863.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
I am directed by Maj.-Gen. Rosecrans to ask: Can slaves of loyal citizens of
Tennessee be enlisted in the army without consent of their masters? Will all
enlisted men be free men at the expiration of term of their service? Do noncommissioned officers in colored regiments receive higher pay than privates?
If so, how much? Send answer to Saint Cloud Hotel, Nashville.
GEO. L. STEARNS, Maj. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. III, Vo. 3, p. 793.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., September 16, 1863.
Maj. GEORGE L. STEARNS, Saint Cloud Hotel, Nashville, Tenn.:
I am directed by the President to answer the inquiries contained in your telegram of the 12th instant, as follows:
First. All men who enlist into the service of the United States during the
present rebellion will, at the expiration of their term of service, be free.
Second. Under existing laws non-commissioned officers in colored regiments
are not authorized to receive higher pay than privates, but at the next Congress
they will no doubt be put upon the same footing as to pay as other non-commissioned officers.
Third. Slaves of loyal citizens may be enlisted into the service of the United
States with their master's consent.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 139
September 12, 1863
Fourth. If, in the judgment of the Military Governor of Tennessee and Gen.
Rosecrans, the necessities of the service require the enlistment by conscription
or the voluntary enlistment of slaves of loyal citizens without their master's
consent, they may be enlisted into the service of the United States, giving to
the owners a descriptive list of the persons so enlisted, in order that they may
receive compensation from the Government upon their delivery of emancipation papers, the compensation not to exceed the sum authorized by law as
bounties for volunteer service. Slaves so enlisted will be free upon the expiration of their term of service.
You will acknowledge the receipt of this telegram and communicate a copy of
it to Gen. Rosecrans and Governor Johnson.
EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War.
NASHVILLE, September 16, 1863.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
If I take all the able-bodied colored men willing to enlist I can get large numbers. Governor Johnson objects, and will telegraph you.
GEO. L. STEARNS, Maj. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C., September 16, 1863.
Maj. GEORGE L. STEARNS, Nashville:
If you have received my telegram of this date in reply to yours of the 12th,
acknowledge it. You will not act contrary to the wishes of Governor Johnson in
relation to enlistments without express authority for doing from this Department.
EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War.
OR, Ser. III, Vol. 3, pp. 816—817.
NASHVILLE, TENN., September 23, 1863.
His Excellency A. LINCOLN:
If we were authorized to offer $300 in addition to the present bounty to loyal
masters consenting to their slaves entering the service of the United States it
would be an entering wedge to emancipation, and for the time paralyze much
opposition to recruiting slaves in Tennessee, the slave to receive all other pay
and his freedom at the expiration of term of service. If a white man pays his
$300 for his substitute, he need not care whether he is white or black. This
would relieve the loyal owners and punish the rebels and traitors, for as to his
slaves we should ask no questions nor make any promises.
ANDREW JOHNSON, Military Governor.
OR, Ser. III, Vol. 3, p. 837.
Page 140 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 13, 1863
September 13, 1863 - Skirmish at Clark's Creek Church
•See September 11, 1863-September 16, 1863-Expedition from Corinth, Mississippi, to Henderson, Tennessee
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 13, 1863 - Skirmish at Paris
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 13, 1863 - "The Public Schools;" education in Memphis
Editor, Bulletin:
Since Monday morning, it has been a pleasant night to see so many youths of
both sexes, with bright faces, light footsteps and lighter hearts, carrying armfuls of new books, wending their way to the schools newly opened.
Never did the public schools of Memphis open under better auspices. Many
families that have hitherto patronized private schools, and opposed those of the
city, have taken down their colors, discontinued their opposition, and enrolled
their children during the past week.
The Superintendent and sixteen teachers are daily engaged in the great and
good work of instruction. Already, about one thousand youths, varying in age
from six to sixteen years, are crowding daily to our city schools, and the teachers have taken hold with both hands and all their hearts, and the work move
bravely on. Here they are taught without money and without price, whether
rich or poor, of high or low degree! May God bless the city schools.
The writer begs leave to suggest to the teachers the propriety of forming an
association, and meeting regularly at stated times, to advise and assist and
encourage each other in the noble work in which they are engaged. I am just
from Cincinnati, and know that there is such an association there, and that it is
productive of much good. Why not enjoy the benefits here? Let all the teachers
unite, both male and female, and have their regular meetings, admit members,
lecture, read essays, discuss the merits of school books, etc., etc. I am in favor
of this, who will second the effort?
Gentlemen of the Board of School Visitors: Your title implies something of
your duty, that is, to visit the schools. If you will visit them all, and often, much
good will result. Let all see that you feel a deep interest in the schools, for, rest
assured, much depends upon you.
Finally I would say to parents, that the teachers need their cooperation. Without [it] little good can be effected. See that your children attend regularly.
Encourage them to be studious and obedient. Show that you feel some interest
in the success of those who labor through winter's cold, and summer's scorching heat, to prepare the rising youth for usefulness in life. Visit the schools,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 141
September 13, 1863
speak kind words to the teachers, and let us all labor to promote the good
cause.
A. M. S., Memphis, September 13, 1863.
Memphis Bulletin, September 13, 1863.
September 13, 1863 - Foraging in Middle Tennessee
A Scene Among the Tennessee Yankees.
The following sketch is communicated to the Texas Telegraph by one of Wharton's Rangers, in Tennessee:
Reaching camp at a late hour, and finding no forage, after most of the horses
had already gone sixty hours on ten ears, it was no small matter for each company to send out half its number to hunt up and bring in forage on horseback.
At best it was very scarce. The people, as they say, "had been eaten plum out."
Two Union men in the neighborhood had been referred to, and we were
ordered by Gen. Wharton to forage on them. As a specimen of the way this
work goes, I will narrate a circumstance that came under my own observation.
Several of us mounted our jaded horses and proceeded to one of the houses
indicated.
Adj't John M. Claiborne was detailed to go up to the house and inquire if a certain man lived there.—Alighting, he walks to the door of the log cabin. Meeting a sad looking young lady, the Adjutant says, "good evening, Miss."
Young Lady—Good day, stranger.
Adjt.—Does Mr. Elisha Griffin live here?
Y. L. —No, stranger, Ain't no such man in these parts.
Adjt.—(Looking at paper with name on it—young lady at Papa, on bed,
breathing hard)—Well, Elias Griffin, then.
Y. L. —Yes; he lives here.
Adjt.—Where is he at?
Y. L. —In bed; may be on his death-bed.
Adjt.—Ah! very sorry. Has he got anything to feed horses on?
Y. L. —(Coming towards Adjutant with hands up, saying)—Stranger he is got
a little pile of corn, a mighty little pile. Please let us keep that. Sixteen gals in
family, and no more as ten barls of corn. Stranger, if you take that we will
starve.
Adjt.—Well, Madam, I can't rob a woman, if her brothers are fighting to rob
my family. Is that all you have got?
Y. L. —That's so, shure and sartain.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 13, 1863
Exit Adjutant to report his proceedings to the others, awaiting with hungry and
jaded steeds. In the mean time the old gentleman in bed looked the picture of
death, gasping and groaning as if despairing any longer of the pleasures of
earthly bliss, but seems rather tenacious of having the silver cord rent in twain.
The Parson, displeased a little at our ill success, hears a noise of talking at the
barn, and, coming closer, discovers a Confederate soldier, and hears the voice
of the old woman. He makes a proposition to examine further into the matter,
expressing a doubt as to the truthfulness of the statement made by Unionists.
Adjutant agreeing, got down and went into the barn. Loud talking by the old
woman, and simpering of young ones, of whom four were present. Confederate
soldier, deaf to all entreaty from young ladies and threats from old woman,
with big stick, was about to come a Yankee trick by opening the lock of the
door by main force.
Adjt.—Gents, hold on, and let us all reason together.
Conf. Soldier—The old gal reasons with a stick. See there. (Eyeing a huge
hickory, the old lady standing with back to the door and facing the foe.)
Adjt.—Good evening, madam. (Old gal made no reply. Young ladies crowd
around, discover brass buttons and cap, ask if he is an officer.) How much corn
have you?
The gals get away and old lady crowds towards me. Confederate soldiers make
a move for the door, and old lady, with action not suited to her years, resumes
her original position on the defensive.
Old Lady—As God is my judge, we ain't got truck enough to keep soul and
body together.
Adjt.—Well, madam, if I am permitted to see, I can assure you that not a man
here shall touch your corn, and I will give you a safeguard until a letter can be
gotten from Gen. Wharton.
Hesitating, he started close up to her stick, which seemed in awkward position
for the simple purpose of supporting the infirmities of age.—Retreating and
executing a flank movement, he could see nothing, and so told the old lady,
unless he had a light.
Old Lady.—You can have a candle, and look through the crack.
Exit gal after the light. Taking the candle, he looks through a small crack, and
sees a small amount of corn. Madam, is this all?
O. L. —That's all, stranger; and now it's near on to forty years me and the old
man's been one, and I helped to make it all, until the gals got big enough to
help.
Adj't—Madam, I am better posted in affairs than that. Where are Jim and Pete?
O. L. —(Hesitating).—They are in our army.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 143
September 13, 1863
Adj't—Ah! Which do you call our army? (No reply). Madam, your boys are in
Bill Stockes'NOTE 1 Tennessee Federal Cavalry. (No reply). And they are daily
robbing women and children. They steal niggers, horses, bacon; burn, pillage
and destroy, and take ladies' wardrobes.
Madam, I feel it my bounden duty to reciprocate their favors as far as possible.
I must have some corn.
Old lady with hickory at 45 degrees. Her face assumes the face of an enraged
panther, saying "You must walk over my dead body."
Young Ladies, all together.—Stranger, stranger, if you take that corn, then we
beg you to kill us.
Tears streaming down their cheeks. Hardest of hearts melt. Boldest of plans
defeated by such mature strategy. Exit Adjutant, with Confederate soldiers
close at hand, and old lady calling for safeguard.
Horses were unfed that night. Whilst the old lady with her big stick, dying old
man and crying gals haunt our dreams through the night.
Sequel. Upon inquiry, we find the old man was driving a wagon all that day,
hauling away the corn. Gals were borrowed from neighbors for the purpose.
The old man had only five in family, viz.,: himself, old woman, hickory stick,
and the aforesaid boys in the Yankee army.
Mobile Register and Advertiser, September 13, 1863.NOTE 2
NOTE 1: Stokes.
NOTE 2: As cited in: http://www.uttyl.edu/vbetts.
September 13, 1863 - Circumstances in Chattanooga on the dawn of the Battle of Chickamauga; Excerpts from the letter of Captain Gershom M. Barber to his
wife
Headquarters O. V. S. S.
Chattanooga
September 13, 1863
My Dear Wife,
It is the Sabbath evening and in prevalence "of habit" I find myself writing to
you. Things are "beginning to work" and the great seething cauldron of war
boils and bubbles as if the very fires of the infernals were kindled around us.
What the result will be we do not know but we have no fear of the result.
Our men are all on duty. Part are repairing a R. R. bridge below town and one
detachment under Lt. Somers are out on a foraging exercise. Another under Lt.
Reese we went out on double quick this pm with three days rations on picket in
Page 144 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
ca. September 13, 1863
a very exposed position. Our camp looks lonely enough. Part will be back
tonight. The 10th O. V. I. is out and so is almost every available man in and
around headquarters. Gen. Rosy himself went out at noon and took his surgeon
and two ambulances all looking like work.
More or less fighting has been going on in front and on our left the last two
days and the wounded are heavy. Most in the hospital which the enemy was
kind enough to leave us on their hasty retreat from this place. Gen. McCooks
corps have been driven back twelve miles and they are being reinforced by
Gen. Hussen he overtook the rebs. It seems a little tantalizing that I must stay
in camp whilst our men are out and there is work to be done. But I am obliged
to remain at headquarters to receive and give orders. Capt. Squire is—well—
sick—has been grunting ever since I got back. I began to think he is—playing—off. Doesn't like to go back to the line after taking the field so long. He
boards with the officers of the 10th. Stays with them most of the time—10 or
11 or 12 or some other early hours being counseled and I fear a little whisky to
boot.
Lt. McCook has gone back to Stevenson for a wagon and has some extra
wheels to repair our old ones. We are less than half rations the men at Stevenson on supply until the 15th. Yesterday we were notified that we could not
draw any more until the 20th so that two days rations are all we have for seven
days and the worst kind at that.
Lt. Somers has come in since I commenced this and reports a load of corn and
good beef and sundry other articles that will come in play just now. I am wellfeeling first rate and in good spirits.
I am notified that it is time to make of the meal so Bon Jour my love. Kiss the
children.
~~~
Barber Correspondence
ca. September 13, 1863 - September 18, 1863 - Federal scout in Southwest TennesseeNOTE 1
"A Raid from Fort Pillow."
Two companies of the 52d Indiana volunteers, mounted infantry, returned
recently from a five day's scout having crossed the Hatchie river three miles
from the Fort, paid a flying visit to Covington, and the greater portion of surrounding country. From thence they passed up the river, crossing at Brownsville ferry, and scoured the country in that vicinity. From thence they went into
Gibson county, visiting Jackson and into Gibson county, visiting Jackson and
returned via Dyersburg. That is one of the most extensive scouts ever made
from Fort Pillow, and shows that guerrilla bands are daily growing beautifully
less in the section. The result of this scout, besides the good influence such
raids never fail to diffuse among the country people, was the capturing of
seven prisoners, viz.,: three captains, one lieutenant and three privates. Among
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 145
September 14, 1863
the former was the noted guerrilla chief, Captain PETE WYNN, of "Company
Q."
Memphis Bulletin, September 18, 1863.
NOTE 1: Listed neither in OR nor Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
September 14, 1863 - General Orders, No. 129, relative to formation of "home guard" units
as armed police forces
GENERAL ORDERS, No. 129. HDQRS. SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS,
Memphis, Tenn., September 14, 1863.
I. Officers commanding divisions in Kentucky and Tennessee will encourage
the formation of home guards within their limits from unquestionably loyal
men, and will render to them military protection while in process of formation.
II. Home guards may be organized under the militia laws of the State where
they are located, and after the election of officers, the muster-rolls in duplicate
will be reported to the headquarters of the division, where temporary commissions will be issued by the general commanding, who will report the names of
the officers and one muster roll to the Governor of the respective States to
which they belong.
III. Home guards thus raised will not be required to do duty beyond the limits
of their organization, but will be required to put down and suppress all robbery,
violence, and irregular warfare within such limits, and will regularly report all
of their acts to the division commander.
IV. In case of necessity, they will be furnished with a supply of arms and
ammunition in the discretion of such division commander upon the receipt of
their commissioned officers, and for which such commissioned officers will be
held responsible.
V. This organization is intended as an armed police, and officers and men will
be held to strict accountability for their acts as such. All prisoners taken by
them charged with offenses will be sent forward, with a statement of the
offense and the names of witnesses, to the nearest military post, for trial and
punishment, in conformity with general orders now in force.
VI. Quiet and peaceable persons remaining at their homes will not be molested
for any mere opinions which they may entertain, unless some wrongful act, or
connivance with the wrongful acts of others, be proven.
By order of Maj. Gen. S. A. Hurlbut:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 621.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 14, 1863
September 14, 1863 - Confederate raiding party robs Winchester
•See May 24, 1864--Skirmish in Winchester, guerrillas rob U. S. Army paymaster
TULLAHOMA, September 14, 1863—6 p. m.
Capt. S. B. MOE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
About 400 rebels took Winchester, robbed it, and left for Fayetteville, closely
pursued by our cavalry this afternoon.
JOHN COBURN, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 636.
September 14, 1863 - Confederates advance upon Cleveland
•See September 14, 1863--Erstwhile Confederates join the Union Army at
Athens and recruiting plans for Benton and Cleveland
September 14, 1863 - Erstwhile Confederates join the Union Army at Athens and recruiting
plans for Benton and Cleveland
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS, Athens, Tenn.,
September 14, 1863.
Lieut. Col. GEORGE B. DRAKE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
I have the honor to report that citizens have just come in from Cleveland
reporting that 2,000 rebels are advancing on that town with a battery of artillery.
I have sworn in 276 men to-day, most of them soldiers. They are flocking in by
the hundreds. I would like to have the privilege of sending a provost-marshal
and two companies to Benton and the same to Cleveland. I think I could do a
great deal of benefit to the service by so doing. I will send a detachment to
Cleveland to-morrow or next day to scout, unless I receive orders to the contrary, and will leave a part at each place with a provost-marshal.
I have sworn in, in the last three days, 462. Three hundred and sixty-two of
these were soldiers. I have in custody the president and several of the directors
of the State Bank of Tennessee at this place, holding them responsible for the
bank funds.
Respectfully, &c.,
R. K. BYRD, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 639-640.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 147
September 14, 1863
September 14, 1863 - Letter from John Bachman to his wife Rachel Bachmen in Sullivan
County
Knoxville Sept 14 1863.
Dear wife, I have an opportunity of writing a few lines by Mr. Patton. I am well
except my ancle [.] [I]t is better[.] the doctor said it will be some time before it
is well[.] I forgot to write you about my Boots[.] the morning I left you I lond
them to Roly Chace Esq. and I have gott his old Shoes[.] Pleas send Lafayett
over with my best Shoes if you can get them in time[.] take care of the children[.] Kiss little Ann for me[.] I think that you had abetter take Mandy & Elen
from School til I get home[.] if you have an opertuity write me how you are
getting along and how the boys is do
I have no more paper[.] send 1 or 2 shets to rite on
Your most affectionate
John Bachman
Pleas send $75 dollars in Tennessee money
P. S. pleas send $75 dollars in Tennessee bank nots to Richard Jobe Soes that
he wants his wife to get William Perry[,] John Depue and David Hunt to vouch
for him and send it down by William Munix[.] copy this and send to Mrs. Jobe.
W. P. A. Civil War Records, Vol. 1, p. 128.
September 14, 1863 - Federal forces pass through Bolivar en route to Jackson
The Yankees came in very unexpectedly this morning on their way to Jackson.
They stole Eddie's pony and Cousin Willie's horse, but fortunately after having
examined them in the day light found them not fit for service or to sell. . .
Diary of Sally Wendel Fentress.
September 14, 1863 - Solicitation of permission to raise Union home guard units in Carroll,
Henry and Weakley counties
Union City Tenn Sept 14th/63
Hon A. Johnson Nashville
Gov Tenn
Excelent Sir
My object in writing to you was to get permission to raise an Independent
Company for Home Guards in Carroll Henry & Weakley Counties West Tenn
for the purpose of putting down Bushwhackers & Guerillas for if we do not do
Something the loyal Citizens will have to leave that part of the State[.] it is so
at present that a truly loyal man dare not stay at home-thare has been severl of
the shot by bushwhackers at there own homes-and we want permission to raise
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 14, 1863
a Co for to protect our homes and some way to arm & equip ourselves-if we
have to levy a Tax on the dis-loyal Citizens (who are harboring those Bush
whackers )-for the purpose of arming ourselves[.] please let us hear from you
Soon as this matter requires immediate action. It is true we get a Scouting party
about once a month but they only drive the Gurrillas to the Bush untill they are
gon when they come out again as thick as ever[.]
Since the evacuation of Jackson Trenton Humboldt & Ft. Heiman by our soldiers we have been without any protection, and we are willing to protect ourselves if we can only get permission to arm & organize ourselves as State of
Home Guards[.] please let us here from you immediately[.]
I am you most Obdt Servt &c
C G Jameson
Union City Tenn
Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. 6, p. 367.
September 14, 1863 - "The Enemy." Complaints about public health in Nashville
Yes the enemy is upon us; are even here now marching up our streets in solid
columns, garrisoning our fortifications and throwing a guard into each farm
and many of our houses; binding with chains not easily to be broken, a large
potion of the residents, both citizens and soldiers; binding with chains not easily to be broken, a large portion of the residents, both citizens and soldiers;
slaughtering without remorse, the old and young; the strong man at arms and
the feeble woman; even the little child does not escape his power. Lawrence is
invaded at our very doors. Yes, more than invaded, in awful distress, in panic,
in these consequences death.
But, strange to say, no long roll is beating, no warning voice is heard, no strong
men march out to meet the foe, and drive him from our midst; men walk along
with hands in pockets whistling snatches from some gay opera, women spend
their time in the social visit and friendly chat, till the destroyer is upon their
own homes; no one cares no one even deigns to notice till his house is struck. It
reminds one of the madness of the Babylonian sitting at Bellshazzar's feast,
while the Great One had written "Mene, Mene, Tekil, Upharsin," on the wall. It
is worse with us, for the enemy was but thundering at their gates; he is in our
very midst. Are we mad or only drunken?
Let us examine the array of the foemen. Terrible indeed, under the banner of
their invincible King Death, they are bound to conquer wherever they can gain
admittance.
Old "Malaria" leads the van, and has thrown out a strong body of skirmishers
along the river banks, who have constructed powerful and complete shellplaces from the material found in such abundance there-drying mud of the
river, decaying vegetables, and dead animals, both great and small. It has also
been stated, on the authority of our best scouts, that a company has similarly
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 149
September 14, 1863
entrenched itself at the reservoir, and have turned their weapons on us most
effectually. A large force has been guarding the N. & C. R. R., but I am told,
that this has been removed, and thrown out as skirmishers on the suburbs of the
city.
The main command is under the control of Maj. Gen. Fever, whose headquarters are at Barracks No. 1. His brigade commands may be found: Typhoid on
the Public Square; Typhus, Water street; Variola, Smoky Row; Pyemia and
Gangrene, at the vacant lots near Hospital No. 14, and back of the depot; from
whence they are ready to send their emissaries at the shortest notice.
That patrolling streets and guarding of private houses devolves on Brig. Gen.
Dysentery, whose agents are abroad every where, only waiting for a pretext to
enter every house and home. And where they do enter, woe to those found
within. They have an eagle eye on every camp and hospital, and no day passes
but some unwary victims fall by their hands. It is even said that they are watching the market and improving every chance to put poison in all that is sold
there; and where shall we turn that we may not see an enemy surrounding us?
Who is responsible for this? Yes, I repeat, in God's name show us the man, if
he be high or low, civil or military.
It is useless to try to equivocate, when no persons can pass up Church street, on
the sidewalk, by the barracks, without holding his breath-when even old boatmen are sickened by the horrid stench of the river-when the streets are the filthiest of any in the world, Constantinople not excepted-when men will beg the
privilege of standing all night by the windows of our military prison, and rather
than wait for a legal discharge, although they have the necessary papers in their
pockets, stake and lose their lives in attempting to run the guard. No paltry
excuse will answer to stave off public investigation.
Dose this work belong to our military or municipal authorities? Let the responsible parties see to it. If they do not the people will see to them.
A former communication of mine was so unfortunate as to raise the ire of the
Louisville Journal, and a bitter tirade of personalities came down on our
defenseless head; but my duties in the field left me no time to answer it. I stated
only facts, which are, every one of them capable of proof by parties whose
integrity is undoubted.
I have not had any desire to place Col. Mundy in [a] false position. An order,
published in the same paper, admits "gross abuses" had crept into the "pass
system" and provides for their removal. His subordinates have not, perhaps,
always been the best in the army, and recent investigations of the great army
police brings to light enough to place the load of guilt some where else, but on
one who seems to be a gentleman and a soldier. In regard to the writer, if it is
necessary, I can give to the world the history of the Murfreesboro' contract; the
fawning and going down on the marrow bones, with the whole history of various transactions in this department, and their fate, which will account for the
reason that the name of "Grainger" has no angelic sweetness to his ear. I do this
Page 150 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 15, 1863
simply as a compliment to his sharpness, of which quality he justly considers
the writer destitute. But as for entering into a wordy war with him, he must
excuse me, for long since I formed a resolution (for the safety of my clothing)
never to trouble with a tarred stick.
SCALPEL.
Nashville Daily Press, September 14, 1863.
September 14, 1863 - "Depravity and Wretchedness;" inmates of the Shelby County jail
The City Jail now contains a goodly number of the wretched victims of vice
and iniquity. Among them we observe the confirmed inveterate topers, who
have fallen so low in the scale of being that no blush of shame ever mantles
their cheek, nor regard for themselves or those dependent upon them, will
cause them to pause in that road that is leading them down, down to destruction, and dragging with them those who might be made useful to society, were
they the favored children of moral and virtuous parents.
We saw there, five or six women, who have ceased to respect themselves, and
of course, have long ceased to be respected by others. Those were the victims
of intemperance, and these were the devotees of the most revolting vicesdegraded and shameless; they are far gone on the path of crime and beyond the
reach of human efforts to reclaim them.
There, too, we saw boys, yet in the stage of life known as childhood, a period
when, if ever there was innocence among our race, it is then. Yet we saw them
in all their youthfulness confined as confirmed thieves. All these specimens
black and white, were surely, essentially lost to shame, to society, and a blot on
the "noblest work of heaven."
Memphis Bulletin, September 14, 1863
September 15, 1863 - Skirmish near Henderson
•See September 11, 1863-September 16, 1863-Expedition from Corinth, Mississippi, to Henderson, Tennessee
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 15, 1863 - GENERAL FIELD ORDERS, No. 10, relative to formation of National
Guard of East Tennessee
GENERAL FIELD ORDERS, No. 10. HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September 15, 1863.
For the better defense of East Tennessee the loyal citizens are hereby invited
and authorized to form themselves into companies, which will be known as the
National Guard of East Tennessee. The company organization will be as follows: One captain, 1 first lieutenant, 1 second lieutenant, 1 first sergeant, 4 ser-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 151
September 15, 1863
geants, 8 corporals, 2 musicians, 1 wagoner, and 64 privates (minimum) or 82
privates (maximum).
The companies will elect their own officers, and as soon as the organization is
complete either the captain or some other responsible officer will report at
these headquarters with a roll of the company, when arms, ammunition, and
necessary equipments will be issued.
The companies will be mustered into the service of the United States; when
called out by competent authority will receive the pay and allowances given
other troops of same arm in the volunteer service. So soon as the term for
which their services are actually required expires they will be ordered to their
homes, retaining, however, their arms and equipments.
The organization of the companies of the National Guard of East Tennessee
into regiments and the appointment of field officers will be made at the proper
time from these headquarters.
The loyal citizens of East Tennessee are called upon to be active in forming
themselves into companies in order that they may be armed with the least possible delay. The Government places arms at their disposal to be used in defense
of their homes, and it is hoped they will come forward with promptness and do
their part toward securing their several counties from invasion.
By command of Maj.-Gen. Burnside:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 660.
September 15, 1863 - Confederate cavalry dash in Cleveland
. . . Scott's cavalry (Kuhn's and Begle's companies) (Cousin John Lea belongs
to Capt. Kuhn's company of cavalry) made a dash in here with the intention of
finding some Yankees but only shot at some renegades. The men ran in every
Direction. I was much excited . . . I am afraid we will have a battle here in
Cleveland one of these days. . .
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman, p. 207.
September 15, 1863 - Union meeting in Cleveland broken up by a Confederate raid
We made an excursion to Cleveland to day, and broke up a Lincolnite meeting,
which was being held by the tory citizens of Bradley County. We charged the
town and took them by complete surprise, capturing a good many of them,
whom we released again, though the boys took their best horses. One Lincolnite was shot through the arm with a revolver, while running, but was not
[killed]. . .
Diary of William A. Sloan, September 15, 1863.
Page 152 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 15, 1863
September 15, 1863 - "That Little Coffin."
The world is full of interesting scenes from which the moralist and philanthropist may draw lessons of instruction."We witnessed tow episode in he city on
Saturday [12th] in startling juxtaposition with each other. The first was the
sight of all others most revolting to us, of a lewd woman carried on a dray, an
officer vainly striving in behalf of public decency to keep her from the gaze of
the troop of vile boys shouting and throwing dust upon her as she passed. The
other was a hearse containing a little coffin. Oh, the tenderness awakened
within us at that sight! The view of solemn and diminitive chamber of the dead
aroused every sensibility of our nature. We followed it for a square and
observed how the soldiers stopped and looked longingly after it. Did a vision
arise in their minds as in our's of a dear son or daughter, brother or sister clay
cold in some distant home? Did they seem to hear, as we did, the mother's
wails as the lid was laid for the last time on it, and that dear face that idolized
form were hidden from by our eyes forever. But one sight of all others gave us
pleasure in that connection. An officer riding quietly with his orderly following
met the hearse, reined in his horse, and actually took off his hat before that
symbol of departed Youth! It was one of the most touching sights our eyes ever
witnessed. Need we say that that officer honored himself and the distant darlings who were in his mind as much by that touching salute as he has upon
more than one battlefield in which is prowess has been vindicated and his
country's honor enhanced,
Memphis Bulletin, September 15, 1863.
September 15, 1863 - "Juvenile Thieves."
We are sorry to say it, but there are now more young wharf thieves than we
have observed in a long time. Not a bale of cotton, nor a coop of chickens can
be left exposed on the levee for any length of time, without being subjected to
the depredations of these little rascals, who pounce upon them like hungry vultures upon he body of a defunct horse. If they are not stopped in their career,
they will very soon equal the habitues of the Klilnkblackarch, London, or the
thieves of the Five Points, New York, and will be ready to steal anything-even
"procrastination, the thief of time."
Memphis Bulletin, September 15, 1863.
September 15, 1863 - "Female Spy."
On Saturday last [12th] a female was brought up to Nashville under guard from
the front, charged with being a spy. An examination into the case, left the military authorities as much in the dark as before they questioned her, and she was
consigned to the workhouse, to remain under the care of Mr. Dodd until further
orders. We visited her yesterday, and learn from her that they name is Serina
Tabor, a native of Georgia, 27 years old, and unmarried. She has been laboring
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 153
September 15, 1863
under a severe sickness for several weeks and looks considerably emaciated;
she represents that she was captured by the Federal troops on Wednesday night
last at Trenton, Ga., where she was sojourning a few days preparatory to visiting the springs for the benefit of her health. She does not pretend to be anything but "a staunch rebel, and says she thinks she has a right to be a rebel if
she chooses. When taken she was in full Confederate uniform, but she had with
her female apparel, her homespun shawl representing the stars and bars of the
Confederate flag in all but the colors. She has the appearance of having been an
intelligent woman, but her rambling conversation, her restless manner, and the
eccentricities of her dress, denote an unsound mind, although occasionally she
talks quite sensibly. We should judge the hospital or lunatic asylum to be the
most appropriate place for her, at least at the present time. She appears to be
disgusted with the obscene and blasphemous conversation of the workhouse
women, and expresses a willingness to go anywhere among decent women. In
course of conversation, Miss Tabor informed us that she lectured in Nashville
two years ago on the great topic of the day, and that she had a copy of her lecture in her carpet sack, but "the durned Yankees took it from her!" We have not
found any person who heard the lecture referred to.
Nashville Dispatch, September 15, 1863.
September 15, 1863 - "Those Who Buy It?"
We have already exposed the operations of the young cotton thieves, who
employ their time in stealing cotton from the levee, whenever there happens to
be a bale exposed to their depredations. Now, if were not a market where these
juvenile "rats" could sell their ill-gotten spoils, there would be no thieving.
Somebody, therefore, must buy this stolen cotton, and those who do it are
worse than the thieves. We therefore call the attention of the police to this matter, and hope they may get after the guilty parties who buy the cotton.
Memphis Bulletin, September 15, 1863.
September 15, 1863 - "Those Holes on the Levee."
We once heard our city fathers talk about having those holes down on the levee
filled up, and we understood them to say that a resolution was passed to have
the work done. Weeks have passed away to the "dreamless by-gone time," and
yet the holes yawn their huge jaws just as they used to do so. But, to be serious,
there is a very ugly rent in the levee at the foot of Adams street some ten yard
long and five or six wide. The stone sewer pipe is all falling in and breaking. It
cost the city money, and beside this, the bowlders used in paving the wharf are
falling into the abyss and burying themselves in the mud. Can't the thing be
remedied?
Memphis Bulletin, September 15, 1863.
Page 154 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 15, 1863
September 15, 1863 - General Field Orders No. 10, authorizing the formation of the National
Guard of East Tennessee
Headquarters Army of the Ohio.
Knoxville, Tenn., Sept. 15, 1863
General Field Orders No. 10
For the better defense of East Tennessee, the loyal citizens are hereby invited
and authorized to form themselves into companies, which will be known as the
National Guard of East Tennessee.
The company organization will be as follows:
1 Captain,4 Sergeants,
1 First Lieutenant, 8 Corporals,
1 Second Lieutenant,2 Musicians,
1 First Sergeant,1 Wagoner,
And 64 Privates Minimum, [or] 82 Privates Maximum.
The companies will elect their own officers, and as soon as the organization is
complete, either the Captain, or some other responsible officer, will report at
these Headquarters, with a roll of the Company, when arms, ammunition, and
necessary equipments, will be issued.
The companies will be mustered into the service of the United States, and
when called out by competent authority, will receive the pay and allowances
given other troops of the same arm in the volunteer service. So soon as the term
for which their services are actually required expires, they will be ordered to
their homes-retaining, however, their arms and equipments.
The organization of the companies of the National Guard of East Tennessee
into regiments, and the appointment of Field Officers, will be made at the
proper time from these Headquarters.
The loyal citizens of East Tennessee are called upon to be active in forming
themselves into Companies in order that they may be armed with the least possible delay. The Government places arms at their disposal to be used in defense
of their homes, and it is hoped they will come forward with promptness and do
their part towards securing their several counties from invasion.
By command of Maj. Gen. Burnside
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, October 13, 1863.
September 15, 1863 - African-American cotillion in Knoxville
Colored Ball-Quite a brilliant and recherche affair came off among our Knoxville "citizens of African descent" last night at Ramsey's Hall. It was really a
most admirable imitation of similar efforts at Terpsichorean amusements of the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 155
September 16, 1863
part of their Caucasian brethren. The beauty and fashion there collected was
rather admirable; gay belles of every tint, from pearly white to sooty, vied with
their male gallants in white kids, gorgeous dresses, and the pretty amenities of
fashionable life. The music was excellent, and all went smoothly and gaily on
until the small hours. The lobby glittered with envious shoulder straps, who,
not being able to participate, could only admire.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 16, 1863.
September 16, 1863 - Skirmish at Montezuma
•See September 11, 1863-September 16, 1863-Expedition from LaGrange to
Toone's Station
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 16, 1863 - One Federal cavalry officer's complaint regarding generals and occupation assignments and illegal cotton trade
MEMPHIS, TENN., September 16, 1863—9 p. m.
DEAR RAWLINS:
~~~
I don't like this "part of the machine." We have too many generals engaged in
semi-civil affairs, to the utter neglect of their military duties. I have not yet
seen a general but he was commanding a "post, " or "district, " or a "city." I
have reviewed and inspected nearly all of the Sixteenth Army Corps, and have
not yet seen any part of the troops on the parade ground commanded by a general. This may be a little surprising to you, but is nevertheless true. These distinguished gentlemen should be required to assume command of their men as
their first duty, and dispose of civil and trade business afterward. They should
be held responsible for the discipline, order, and instruction of their troops, and
give their first attention to these matters rather than devote their undivided time
to cotton, Confederates, and corruption. I tell you, sir, the Government of the
United States cannot be upheld in purity and honesty by hands that lay aside
the sword for instruments of trade and peace. We want soldiers, not traders;
generals, not governors and civil agents. A few hundred thousand bayonets led
by clear heads and military rules can crush the rebellion, but a million without
military generals can do nothing except by main strength and awkwardness.
The system of occupying undisputed territory is all wrong. We must put our
armies in the field and compel our generals to lead them against the enemy, and
if they fail from ignorance put them aside. I am disgusted with the whole
system.NOTE 1
Pardon this hasty note, and believe me, devotedly, your friend,
J. H. WILSON. [Lieut.-Col. and Assistant Inspector General]
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 664.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 16, 1863
NOTE 1: According to the editors of the OR,"some purely personal matter here omitted."
September 16, 1863 - Major-General Rosecrans admonishes President of Louisville and
Nashville Railroad that military transportation needs supersede those of
the company
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, September 16, 1863.
J. GUTHRIE, President Louisville and Nashville Railroad:
It will be absolutely necessary for your road to furnish us more transportation.
The general impression is that private freight and express goods have preference over all others. I trust you will have this remedied at once. This transportation is a military necessity, and we must have it, even if we have to press the
whole road into the service, which I shall not hesitate to do unless things are
remedied.
W. S. ROSECRANS, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 667.
September 16, 1863 - Affair at Cleveland
NASHVILLE, September 17, 1863—9 p. m.
[Gen. GARFIELD:]
Following dispatch just received from Gallatin:
GALLATIN, September 17, 1863.
Brig. Gen. R. S. GRANGER:
Heard from there yesterday. They had a fight with about 200 rebels, and the
rebels were repulsed, with a small loss of 3 men wounded on our side. Sent 100
mounted men up there this morning; have not heard from there since they left.
Will telegraph as soon as I hear from them.
H. K. McCONNELL, Col., Comdg.
HDQRS., Chattanooga, Tenn., September 17, 1863.
Gen. J. A. GARFIELD:
GEN.: Everything here is doing will. I received a communication from Col.
Byrd, of Gen. Burnside's army, which I forward.
They do not seem to be very well posted. The affair at Cleveland turns out to
have been a raid of about 100 men belonging to Scott. They did but little damage. They were also in Ooltewah, some 15 miles from here, yesterday. The citizens are fleeing across the river from fear of their depredations. I have here
about 300 men, belonging to the Fourteenth and Twentieth Army Corps, without arms. What shall be done with them? I am using them for fatigue duty.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 157
September 16, 1863
Rations to the amount of about 200,000 here, and 600 cattle more on the way.
Steam-boat makes the trial trip to-morrow.
Bridge half done.
Your obedient servant,
G. D. WAGNER, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
[Inclosure]
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23d ARMY CORPS,
Athens, Tenn., September 16, 1863.
COL.: My brigade is now at Athens, Tenn. I would like to hear from you to
know, if consistent, where your brigade is stationed, and also where the nearest
force is, in case I should be attacked. Please let me know whether Chattanooga
is in possession of our army or not; and, if not, what position it now occupies.
It is reported that the rebels are in Cleveland from 300 to 400 strong, and is tolerably reliable. It is also reported on reliable authority that the enemy intend an
extensive raid, with a large force, into this section of the country soon. I have
sent three companies to Cleveland, but have not yet heard from them.
Respectfully, &c.,
R. K. BYRD, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 714-715.
September 16, 1863 - "The Rebel Governor, Caruthers."
The [Louisville] Journal of Saturday has the following eulogism upon the
rebel Governor, Caruthers. Caruthers bears a title to which he has no constitutional claim: his theoretical government does not possess on foot of territory in
Tennessee:
CONFEDERATE GOVERNOR OF TENNESSEE.
Judge Robert L, Caruthers has been elected Confederate Governor of Tennessee. He is one of the most honest, as he is certainly one of the ablest and best
men in Tennessee. A conservative of the old Henry Clay school, it was not possible for him to be a secessionist. Until the act of secession in 1861, and the
collision of arms begun, he was a staunch friend of the Union. After that, siding with the South, he became a revolutionist, and allied himself to the Southern Confederacy. He was at one time a member of Congress from Tennessee,
representing worthily Mr. Bell's old district. In 1844, he canvassed the state for
Mr. Clay. He was elected Supreme Judge of the State in 1852, and held the
position until 1861. He was a member of the peace Congress that assembled in
Washington the same year, and exerted himself to devise some measure to
avert the dismemberment of the Union. While it is a little singular that such a
man should be chosen for such a position at such a time, it is very certain that
they could not have selected a man of more statesmanship and character. We
Page 158 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 16, 1863
learn that an attempt of the friends of Govern Harris to get the vote of the State
for him failed.
Now, let us see, by way of contrast, what can be said of the "lawful Governor"
of Tennessee. He is a man who has stood faithfully by the Constitution and his
oaths, amidst every temptation. Driven into exile by the force of treason, he
returned the moment the way was opened to him. With him it was not only "not
possible to become a secessionist," but not possible even to become a "revolutionist" against the best Government in the world, and in violation of the most
solemn oaths of fealty. Gov. Johnson is a man whose character is pure, upright
and consistent. The most bitter political opponent has never imputed to him the
slightest obliquity. Sprung from the ranks of the people, he has made his way
upward to a place of enviable renown, and his record is complete.
Memphis Bulletin, September 16, 1863.
September 16, 1863 - Desertions from the Army of Tennessee
There have been a large number of rebel deserters coming in here [McMinnville] for some time. Yesterday nearly one hundred came in. There have
[been] about three hundred come in here in the last week. They all despair of
their cause, and this feeling is doing its work upon them.
Even the commissioned officers are deserting. I do not wonder at this despair.
The success of the union armies has been great and unvarying all summer and
it still goes on. . .
Thank God for the abundant success he has given us so far. May we praise him
for his goodness to us, ever seek his favor and still press on untiringly in our
efforts to put down this wicked rebellion.
Alley Diary
September 16, 1863 - Martial punishment for burning the house of Dr. J. G. M. Ramsey
Military Punishment.
Our city last evening witnessed a scene seldom offered by war, and never
afforded by the troops of the rebel oligarchy.
Before the Union army entered the State, the commander issued the most stringent orders against pillaging and marauding, and prescribing the most extreme
penalties for its violation. We are happy in saying that the order had its effect,
and that instances of disobedience have been surprisingly few. Some, however,
have transgressed, and upon them the full rigor of the law has fallen.
Yesterday evening just before dark the troops in this vicinity were paraded on
Main street under Gen. Shackleford, and one Anderson, of the 11th Kentucky,
who had been convicted by a court martial of having burnt and pillaged, in
connection with others, the house of Dr. J. G. M. Ramsey in this vicinity, was
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 159
September 16, 1863
driven through the files of soldiers to the tune of the "Rogue's March," with his
head shaved and a placard of disgrace upon his breast.
Thus publicly, in the presence of his comrades, was this man stripped of the
insignia of honor and driven out from their ranks as unworthy to bear arms for
the Union.
What evidence stronger than this do our citizens want that the army of the
Union is the army way of protection to life and property; that the government
of the United States is determined to re-establish law and order in the land.
Dr. Ramsey has been from the commencement of the war an ardent, active
rebel; but the government, although it will undoubtedly hold him to the penalty
of his crime, will not under any circumstances whatever, allow him or any one
else to be the victim of lawless violence or indiscriminate plundering. The law
may come in and strip all these m en, not only of property, but of life itself, but
the law alone is clothed with this terrible power, and the General commanding
seems determined that his troops shall know and respect this principle. The
great body of them do appreciate it now, and have from the beginning not from
any fear of punishment, but from an innate respect to law. Those few exceptions among them who consider the bayonet a credential to plunder, we hope
profited by the lesson given them last evening, and will spare us the pain of
such spectacles in the future.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, September 16, 1863.
September 16, 1863 - September 30, 1863 - Scouts daily between Memphis and White's Station
HDQRS. DISTRICT OF MEMPHIS, Memphis, Tenn., September 16, 1863.
Maj. D. E. COON, Comdg. Second Iowa Cavalry:
You will until further orders send out daily strong patrols to reconnoiter the
country between Memphis and White's Station, along the line of the military
railroad. Any important information elicited or results attained will be reported
direct to these headquarters.
By order of Brig. Gen. James C. Veatch:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 666.
September 17, 1863 - 2d West Tennessee Infantry (African descent) moved from LaGrange
to Moscow
HDQRS. SECOND DIV., SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, LaGrange, Tenn.,
September 16, 1863.
COMDG. OFFICER, First Brigade, Second Division:
Page 160 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 17, 1863
The Second West Tennessee Infantry (African descent) will proceed to Moscow in the morning to relieve the Seventh Iowa Volunteers, which will be stationed at this place. The camp and garrison equipage will be taken by rail.
By order of Brig. Gen. T. W. Sweeny, commanding
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 665-666.
September 17, 1863 - Confederate evacuation of Jonesboro
•See September 17, 1863-September 18, 1863-Expedition from Knoxville to
Union and the East Tennessee & Virginia Railroad between Carter's and
Johnson's Depot
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 17, 1863 - Confederate Cavalry attack Second Indiana Cavalry at Chattanooga
LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, September 17, 1863.
Gen. MITCHELL:
The enemy have attacked the Second Indiana Cavalry, and now are trying to
cut it off with the train.
WOOD, Lieut. and Signal Officer.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 715.
September 17, 1863 - GENERAL FIELD ORDERS, No. 13, regarding foraging regulations
and punishments for depredations
GENERAL FIELD ORDERS, No. 13. HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September 17, 1863.
As it is the mission of this army to rescue East Tennessee from rebel despotism, so it is also its duty to see that within its lines law and order are enforced.
No advantage must be taken of its presence to avenge private wrongs or to
gratify a personal malice, and it must be distinctly understood by all, both citizens and soldiers, that any unauthorized injuries inflicted by any on either person or property will be promptly punished with the utmost rigor of military
law. No levies on property for the public service will be made, except by the
proper authority, and in no case will any person, no matter how great may be
his criminality, be left without the means of subsistence. Offenses or depredations should be at once reported to the nearest provost-marshal, who is authorized to immediately arrest the offender and hold him for punishment.
Vouchers will be give in all cases for property, and these vouchers will state on
their face what is known as to the loyalty or disloyalty of the persons from
whom property is taken. Property taken by irresponsible parties will at once be
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 161
September 17, 1863
turned over to the nearest provost-marshal or military commandant, who will
immediately report them to the Provost-Marshal-Gen. for his action.
Citizens as well as soldiers are notified that all prisoner of war, when released
on their taking the oath of allegiance, will be permitted to return to their homes
and resume their ordinary avocations, and will not be threatened or molested
by any one so long as they observe their faith to the Government, but will be
entitled to the same rights and will receive the same protection as are granted
to other citizens; but any violation of the oath will be promptly reported to the
nearest provost-marshal, who is authorized to take immediate action.
By command of Maj.-Gen. Burnside:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 718-719.
September 17, 1863 - Rumors of war, Federal arrest of newspaper editor in Cleveland
A pretty day. . . Mother and I went out to Uncle Caswell's this morn. Mary
Elizabeth came out and told us they were looking for 10,000 rebels, she and I
stayed out there all day. . . Mr. McNelleyNOTE 1 came home this eve. Mother
and Sister went there after tea, they arrested him whilst they were there. Dr.
Hughes here tonight to tell Sister and Mother that they are to be arrested
tomorrow morn for being at Mr. McNelley's
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
NOTE 1: McNelley, or McNally, was the editor of a Cleveland newspaper the "Cleveland Democratic Paper
September 17, 1863 - "VAGABOND NEGROES."
What is to become of the swarms of negro men and children that are "lying
about" the city? The government, we know, feeds and clothes, and controls
those in its employment, but there are perhaps some thousand in Nashville and
its environs, who upon the approach of winter must perish or stealing they can
do. Before the war such was the abundance in Middle Tennessee, that there
was little difficulty in procuring a subsistence either by theft or begging.
Nobody, either black or white could have been allowed to starve. But all this is
now changed. There is not food in Middle Tennessee to keep life in resident
population, and scarcely any money with which to purchase it elsewhere. The
wealthy can live in any time-those in moderate circumstances will be straightened to keep soul land body together. Where will be any surplus to be stolen or
bestowed in charity?
Half of these negroes cannot work, and the other half will not; and if they could
and would, scarcely anyone can give them employment. From October to April
very few persons could afford to feed and clothe even a stout man or woman
for their services. With wood at forty dollars per cord, and a bad chance to get
that forty dollars, most men will prefer to make their own fires rather than
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 17, 1863
incur the expense of an additional fire for a darkey to doze over. Yet, the thrifty
mater familias will conclude that there is no economy in giving away half of
the scant supplies for her household for a lazy wench to cook dinner; so she
will just tuck up her sleeves and go at it herself.
There is no possible way in which this vagrant population of darkies can have
adequate food, clothing and shelter during the winter, unless the Federal military authorities shall think proper to subsist them from the Commissary stores.
Neither in the city nor in the surrounding country are the people able to do it;
and no sort of coercion can wring from them what they haven't got.
Just here somebody says, cui bono? If there is no remedy for the mischief,
what is the use to preach about it? If they must die, let them die and be done
with it. No, sir; it must not pass into history that thousands or even hundreds of
human beings perished from hunger and cold in the City of Nashville, in the
winter of 1863-64. This stigma upon the civilization of the age, and country
must be prevented, if, by possibility, it may be. And we hope something to the
purpose may be accomplished, if the matter is taken up in time. If neither the
Corporation of Nashville, nor the military authorities, can or will provide for
the case, what then?
This is a hard question, but we must not surrender to the difficulty. Suppose
these helpless people were sent back to their homes, if not too distant, or to
sections of the country, where the means of living have not been exhausted by
the presence of an army. Either their owners or other person would probably
give then a support in return for their work. A register must be kept of names,
ages, etc., by which they might, at any time, be identified and reclaimed. If
only a part of them could be so disposed of, the pressure and burden at Nashville would be so far relieved. We offer this crude suggestion to be improved
by the judgement and experience of others, or to be altogether rejected for any
better plan that may be furnished.
We insist that something shall be done, and that speedily, if we would escape
being witnesses to a scene of horrors that will haunt us for the remainder of
life.
Nashville Daily Press, September 17, 1863.
September 17, 1863 - Prohibition ordered in Memphis
•See September 20, 1863--"Closing up the Saloons;" prohibition in Memphis.
CIRCULAR
District Provost Marshal's Office
Memphis, September 17, 1863
The length of time which has elapsed since the publication of General orders
forbidding the retail sale of liquors at this post makes it proper to give notice of
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 163
September 17, 1863
the existence of such order, and that [se]vere measures will hereafter be
restored to in every case where it is violated.
Wager Swayne, Colonel and Provost Marshal
Memphis Bulletin, September 18, 1863.
September 17, 1863 - General Field Orders, No. 11 establishing a Federal claims commission
in East Tennessee
Headquarters Army of the Ohio.
Knoxville, Tenn., Sept. 17. 1863
General Field Orders, No. 11
The following named gentlemen having kindly consented to the use of their
names, are hereby appointed a Commission for the examination of claims
against the United States for property taken for the use of the troops.
Samuel Morrow, Esq., President
Perez Dickinson, Esq.
Col. John Williams
Capt. Franklin, 45th Reg't. O. V. I., Recorder
The recorder is authorized to employ a clerk, who will be paid by the Quartermaster's Department. The Commission will have cognizance of all claims
againt the government resulting from the transit through or occupation of this
country by the national army; they will examine and decide upon all claims for
property taken for forage and subsistence in those cases where proper vouchers
have not been given and they will report tri-weekly to the Provost Marshal
General of the District, who will forward their proceedings to these headquarters, with such recommendation as he may see fit.
Property taken by irresponsible parties, will at once be turned in to the nearest
Provost Marshal or Military Commandand, who will immediately report them
to the Provost Marshal General for his action.
Citizens as well as soldiers are notified that all prisoners of War, when released
on their taking the oath of allegiance will be permitted to return to their homes
and resume their ordinary avocations, and will not be threatened or molested
by any one so long as they observe their faith to hire Government, but will be
entitled to the same rights and will receive the same protection as are granted
to other citizens; but any violation of the oath will be promptly reported to the
nearest Provost Marshal, who is authorized to take immediate action.
By command of Maj. Gen. Burnside.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, October 13, 1863.
Page 164 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 17, 1863
September 17, 1863 - Initiation of recruitment of Negro laborers and soldiers in Tennessee
NASHVILLE, TENN., September 17, 1863.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
I have made the acquaintance, &c., of Maj. Stearns, assistant adjutant-general,
U. S. Volunteers, who is here with authority to raise negro troops in the Department of the Cumberland. We have been taking steps in that direction, and have
organized the men with a double purpose-first, to employ them on the Government works as needed, and then convert them into soldiers-and have so far succeeded well. We need more laborers now than can be obtained for the
prosecution of works that are indispensable to sustain the rear of Gen. Rosecrans' army. Maj. Stearm proposes to organize and place them in camp, where
they, in fact, remain idle. This will to a very great extent impede the progress of
the works and diminish the number of hands employed. All the negroes will
quit work they can go into camp and do nothing. We must control them for
both purposes. I must be frank in stating my opinion that Maj. Stearns' mission,
with his notions, will give us no aid in organizing negro regiments in Tennessee. There are a number of persons running in from the other States who are
anxious to raise such regiments for the simple purpose of holding the offices,
without regard to the condition of the negro or the suppression of the rebellion.
I must further state that we can organize colored regiments in Tennessee as
well as we can others, and that we can find more men in Tennessee ready and
willing to command than we can raise regiments to command in Tennessee.
Will raise negro troops and lead them to battle. It will have much better influence upon the public mind. We are just now beginning to organize and put the
State facilities in motion. It is exceedingly important for this question to be
handled in such way as will do the least injury in forming a correct public judgment at this time. We hope, therefore, that the organization of negro regiments
in Tennessee will be left to the general commanding this department and the
Military Governor. I would respectfully ask that the President may be furnished a copy of this telegram. An early answer is respectfully asked.
ANDREW JOHNSON.
NASHVILLE, September 17, 1863.
Maj. Gen. ROSECRANS:
I have sent a telegram to the Secretary of War in regard to Maj. Stearns' mission to your department. I have expressed the opinion to him fully and freely
that the commanding general of this department and Military Governor of Tennessee can organize and employ all the negroes in Tennessee upon the public
works or as soldiers as well without as with the aid of Maj. Stearns at this time.
Gen., while we are just verging upon a reorganization of the State, it is important that this question should be handled with care, and we must have your aid
and assistance. We are doing all we can to keep everything right in your rear.
There have been some improper and injurious steps taken by those have been
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 165
September 17, 1863
recruiting negro troops, of which I will apprise you more fully. I shall be with
you in a few days, when I can confer with you fully in regard to the thorough
organization of the State.
OR, Ser. III, Vol. 3, pp. 820-821.
September 17, 1863 - September 18, 1863 - Expedition from Knoxville to Union and the East
Tennessee & Virginia Railroad between Carter's and Johnson's Depot
No circumstantial reports filed.
According to an account from the Report of the Adjutant General:
September 17, 1863—One hundred men, mostly from Companies A and G,
were detailed by order of Colonel H. W. Foster, commanding brigade, for the
purpose of cutting the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad between Johnson's
Depot and Carter's Depot, and between Carter's Depot and [the town of]
Union—it being understood at the time the detail was made that the enemy's
infantry was at Jonesboro, and his cavalry at Bristol or Union. The object of
cutting the road was to prevent the enemy from reinforcing his cavalry with his
infantry, while or cavalry could move via Kingsport to Bristol or Union, and
attack and route the rebel cavalry, them move on the infantry. The detachment
of one hundred men, under of Capt.s. F. M. McFall and C. C. Kenner, marched
from Greeneville, Tenn, at 3 1/2 P. M., crossed the Nolichucky River, three
miles South of Greeneville, and turning to the East, followed the road on the
south bank of the river as far as Embreeville, Washington county, when it recrossed the river about 11 o'clock in the night at one of the most dangerous
fords on it, without losing a man, though the night was very dark, and the river
slightly swollen. After crossing the river the command passed through the
Greasy Cove and down Buffalo Creek, to a point within four miles of one of
the points of the railroad where it was to be cut—Dr. C. C. Taylor's. Arriving
there just at daybreak [the 18th] a halt was made, for the purpose of obtaining
information in regard to the whereabouts of the enemy, when it was ascertained
that he had evacuated Jonesboro on the day before [17th], and was then
encamped along the railroad where it was to be cut [by us] rendering it impossible for this detachment to accomplish the object of its expedition. While this
information was being obtained, the advance guard was fired into by a squad of
rebels, to which chase was immediately given, and after pursuing them to
within one mile of their camp the detachment left the main road, and by-ways,
mostly through woods, marched to Jonesboro, a distance of ten miles, from
where the advance guard was fired upon. At Jonesboro, though within seven
mile of a rebel force, 4,000 strong, a halt was made for the purpose of feeding
and resign, having marched over sixty mules after leaving Greeneville. A few
hours after the arrival at Jonesboro a battalion of the Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry
arrived, with which the detachment fell in until it could rejoin the regiment.
Report of the Adjutant General, p. 524.
Page 166 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 18, 1863
September 17, 1863 - September 18, 1863 - An excerpt from the Civil War Diary of Capt.
William J. Robinson, 20th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry
William J. Robinson [Twentieth Tennessee Volunteer Infantry] was captured
September 17, 1863NOTE 1, on Harpeth river in Williamson Cty. Middle Tenn.
in company with T. Brown and Dr. Crook was captured by the 14th Michigan?? Vol. was carried to franklin. arived there at night. saw many faces I had
seen before. was lodged in jail. I was put in a cell a different room from the one
I was accustomed to occupy. Mrs. Coody brought us supper and gave us a carpet to sleep on. I slept sound being very tired. the raid the day before being a
very tiresome one. on the morning of the 18th I awoke very early. now the first
time I ever looked through the bars of a prison as a prisoner. today was the
most lonesome day I ever spent. I saw no one I knew but J. D. Bennett.
Diary of Capt. William J. Robinson.NOTE 2
NOTE 1: There was no action, skirmish, etc., at the Harpeth River for September
1863 listed in the OR. There was a reconnaissance on January 13-19, 1863,
a skirmish on March 8, 1863 and an affair on January 13 1863. This discrepancy only points out the great confusion that existed during the war and the
fact that not all combat actions were recorded. It may be that these Confederate soldiers were captured by a rouitine Federal cavalry patrol and so not
thought to be of sufficient importance to warrant recording.
NOTE 2: Lula Fain Moran Major, ed., intro., Diary of Capt. William Joseph Robinson, C. S. A., (Franklin, Miscellaneouis Puablication, Williamson County
Historical Society, nd.) [Hereinafter cited as Diary of Capt. William J. Robinson.]
September 18, 1863 - Affair near Fort Donelson and death of guerrilla leader George Hinson
FORT DONELSON, TENN., September 18, 1863.
Capt. WILLIAM C. RUSSELL, Assistant Adjutant-Gen., Nashville:
An escort to team returning from rolling-mill was attacked by a small party of
guerrillas. In the skirmish 2 of our men were killed, and 2 of the guerrillas, 1 of
whom is the notorious George Hinson.
A. A. SMITH, Col., Comdg. Post.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 730.
September 18, 1863 - Skirmish at Calhoun
No circumstantial reports filed.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Not referenced in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 167
September 18, 1863
September 18, 1863 - Skirmish at Cleveland
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863.
~~~
September 18.-The One hundred and twelfth Illinois moved to Cleveland. Foster drove Carter's rebel regiment from the ford above Kingsport, after a severe
fight. Skirmish at Cleveland; our force driven out.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
A cloudy, raw day. This morn the Confederates had a skirmish with the Yankees' cavalry here. Commenced about 5 o'clock, killed 3, wounded some, took
some prisoners, and ran the rest towards Charleston. . . We all went down in
the cellar during the fight. We anticipate a greater conflict soon. . . The Yankees and Lincolnites left for Athens in a hurry this morn.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 18, 1863 - Skirmish above Kingsport
•See September 18, 1863--Skirmish at Cleveland
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 18, 1863 - "Attention, Battalion." Looking for love in the Memphis want ads
Wanted, correspondence, by an amiable and interesting young lady, of marriageable age-just twenty two-of elegant style, graceful carriage, of medium
hight and suggestive proportions, possessed of a happy disposition and domestic habits, with one or more gentlemen of intelligence and standing and of
known respectability, with a view to love, matrimony and the consequences.
All communications strictly confidential. Address, with or without carte de
visite, Glass Box 20, Memphis, Tenn.
OLLA [?] BEACH
P. S. No "gay or festive cusses" need apply.
Memphis Bulletin, September 18, 1863.
September 18, 1863 - John Watkins' [19th Ohio Battery, 3d Division, 23rd AC] letter home
to his wife Sarah; marching to Knoxville and Cumberland Gap, prices,
Confederate excesses and punishment for depredations
Knoxville Tennessee Sept 18th 1863
My own dear Sarah,
Page 168 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 18, 1863
Well darling it is a long time since I have written you. . . the Battery has been
here nearly two weeks and have not had any mail from home. . . we left Crab
Orchard Key [i.e., Ky] on the 21st of Aug. . . on the 26 we crossed the line into
Tennessee. We had inquired for a number of miles where the line was and the
folks told us as how we would know when we came to it. There was a large
square stone stuck up on one side of the road so plain that we could not help
but see it. All along there was plenty of pine timber and in some places plenty
of cedar. And no end of the rocks both above and below the surface of the
ground. Along there and for two or three days after awhile we were on top of
those hills the air was very clear and cool. On the 31st of Aug we marched
through a town at the foot of the mountains called Montgomery some 4 or 5
housed in it were inhabited and as many more that were empty. On the 1st day
of Sept we drew 8 days rations to carry us and the next day started for Knoxville about 2 oclock and marched until midnight. On the 3rd of Sept we crossed
the Clinch river by fording. That was a very clear stream and about 3 feet deep
where we crossed and a rock bottom. On the 4th of September we camped outside of Knoxville having marched that day about 22 miles. On the 5th we
camped and marched through a town and went into camp again. The rebels
have held this place since the war began. And I don't see why they did not try
to hold the place. They had thrown up breastworks on two or three hills and
that is about all they did do. For they were all gone before our Cavalry came
into the place. Here they had a conscript camp that they confined there conscripts in so as to hold them. Knoxville must have been quite a place before the
war begun but it looks now as though it was the oldest place in the world and
was allowed to run down ever since it was built. The rebels have driven all the
union people most out of the place and stripped them of most everything.
There has been a man hung here for loyalty to the union and [half?] of them put
into prison. We are encamped on quite a hill a little peace out of town but I can
see the hills all around us that are a good deal higher. . . on the morning of the
7th [of September] the section that I belong to was called up about 2 o'clock
and at 4 we started out of camp with a days rations of hard bread and 1 of salt
meat. When we started we did not know where we were going but finally
found it was Cumberland Gap 60 miles from Knoxville. We were 21/2 days
going there. We got there in the forenoon of the 10th and expected to have fight
at that place sure. But were again disappointed for they surrendered about 1/2
past 8 the same day we got there. . . General Burnside himself went along with
us. He got there early in the morning the same day that we got there and gave
them till 3 o'clock that afternoon to make up there minds which there would do
fight or surrender and finally saw fit to give the place up. There was quite a
force of Cavalry there ahead of us and a force on the other side of the Gap from
us that had come in from Key the nearest way. But is seems the reason they did
not show any fight was because they had to conscripts and North Carolina soldiers that wouldn't fight to risk a battle and to leave the place to after all. About
4 o'clock Burnside and all the mounted force that were on the side that we were
and the 104th marched up to take possession of the place. I have never seen the
official report of the number of prisoner but have heard there was about 2500
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September 18, 1863
of them and 12 pieces of Artillery. You have no doubt heard of it long before
this. The nearest that I was to the Gap was about 3 miles. But to look straight
across to the Gap from where we were it did not seem more than a mile. . . on
our return to Knoxville and when we started we had 8 or 9 mules hitched on to
the two pieces in place of horses that had given out and gone the first day.
Going back we marched 15 miles, and a little before we put up for the night we
went through a place called Tagewell [i.e. Tazewell] of about 200 population.
A year ago in November the rebels burned 36 houses in the place and I tell you
the place looks pretty hard now. We got back to camp in Knoxville Monday
forenoon the 14th of Sept. and there is no mistake about it I am glad of it for a
little rest will be very exceptable. On Tuesday morning we had inspection in
camp and that evening all the troops marched down to town to see a fellow
belonging to Wolfords Cavalry drumed before his regiment all the rest with 1/2
his head shaved his hands tied behind him and a large placard pined on his
breast with the word thief printed on it in large letters, for robbing a home and
setting it on fire. And besides all that he is sent to Johnsons Island for the rest
of this term of service without pay that is pretty severe punishment yesterday I
did not do much of anything but lay down and rest myself a little. . . I should
like to hear from you first rate. . . & as soon as they get the railroad clear
between here and Chattanooga we ought to have mail pretty regular and once
more get full rations now we get neither sugar or coffee salt meat. the supply
trains have got delayed somewhere and the Commissary department is pretty
near cleaned out. and it has been so dry here. the vegetables are not very plenty
potatoes are selling for $1 a bushel and onions $2 butter 25 cts, sugar in town is
worth 65 cts a pound but this is nothing to what they did ask for stuff when we
came here in Confederate money boots were selling for $40 a pair ladies shoes
$30 and other stuff in proportion the same boots are now selling for $10 in our
money that I call a pretty good price for a pair of common cowhide boots.
while the rebels were here they did not draw any government rations but lived
on the country they would go to a union mans house and take the very last
thing he had in the world and walk off without a word. And the best thing he
could do was to keep still. Oh I tell you Sarah I have been glad a hundred times
that we lived so far north as we do for I think that a much greater curse could
not happen to any section of the country than to have an army pass through it:
whether hostile or not. for they strip everything on there rout. Orchards potatoes patches cornfields and eat people out of house and home. I have though a
great many times that if an army ever went through country where I lived I
would shut up house and go into the woods to live. . . I wish Sarah I could hear
from you as often as I did in Kentucky. I would be satisfied. And don't know
but what I shall have to be any how. I wish that I could be up there this morning
for jist a little while. I would like to walk around with you and get some aples.
There is plenty of apples in this country but all they are fit for is to make
cider. . . I must close now hoping to hear from you. . .
John Watkins CollectionNOTE 1
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September 19, 1863
NOTE 1: John Watkins Collection, University of Tennessee Library Special Collections Division [hereinafter cited as Watkins Correspondence].
September 18, 1863 - Plans for a preemptive strike on a guerrilla barbecue in the Shelbyville
environs
SHELBYVILLE, September 18, 1863—10.10 a. m.
Gen. GORDON GRANGER:
SIR: There are a large number of guerrillas and rebel cavalry lurking around in
Giles, Lincoln, and Marshall Counties. Their intention is to concentrate and
attack this post. They are represented to be about 1,000 strong, and I have reliable information that their intention is to organize a regiment about 16 miles
from me on Saturday, and also to have a barbecue. If I could be permitted to
concentrate my forces (some of whom are now at Decherd, Tullahoma, Normandy, &c.), I can go down and pitch into them and rout them, and perhaps kill
or make some important captures if I can get them concentrated. I can guard
the road well from this to Decherd, and drive them from the State
entirely.NOTE 1
Respectfully,
ROBERT GALBRAITH, Comdg. Post.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 729.
NOTE 1: There is nothing to indicate this planned preemptive strike took place.
September 18, 1863 - Federal initiative to curb guerrillas and disloyalty in Maury County
I went to Town [and] the Federals brought in some 14 citizens having made a
raid to Screamerville[,] Mt. Pleasant[,] Bigby[,] Hampshire[,] &c got back to
Columbia this evening[.] [T]hey are fortifying the streets of Columbia by cutting ditches &c across the streets near the publick square[.] [T]hey burned
Kirk's still house near Screamersville with 9 [barrels] of whiskey & brandy &
put him in Jail. [T]he gurillas were all through the country.
Diary of Nimrod Porter.
September 19, 1863 - Skirmish at and occupation of Bristol by Federal troops
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863.
~~~
September 19.-Wolford moved to Knoxville. White from Morristown, toward
Knoxville. The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, drove the enemy, 700 strong,
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September 1863 — Page 171
September 19, 1863
out of Bristol. Cut the railroad and bridge. Destroyed large amount of subsistence stores and returned to Blountsville. Hascall is in Jonesborough. Carter
left Knoxville for Carter's Station.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
NEAR BLOUNTSVILLE, September 19, [1863.]
GEN.: I arrived at Bristol to-day and occupied the town without resistance,
except by a force of 400 cavalry, which were driven out of town after a severe
skirmish. I tore up the railroad, and burned the bridges, 2 miles above town. A
large force of rebels is stationed at Zollicoffer. They are reported as about
6,000 strong, and are commanded by Maj.-Gen. Jones. Gen.'s Williams and
Jackson are also there. From best information, I am satisfied their force is
about as reported, mostly infantry. I will attack to-morrow unless the force is
greater than reported. I think I can hold them till you can send sufficient force
to capture them. Please bring up re-enforcements as speedily as possible. Communicate with me via Jonesborough. Give me orders as to my movements.
I will try to hold the railroad and rear till re-enforcements arrive. No time
should be lost.
JOHN W. FOSTER, Col.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 592.
September 19, 1863 - Skirmish at Carter's Station, on bank of Watauga River
•See September 20, 1863-September 21, 1863-Action at Zollicoffer
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 19, 1863 - Skirmish at Como
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 19, 1863 - Skirmish at Zollicoffer [Bluff City]
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 19, 1863 - Confederate conscript sweep in Madison, Decatur, McNairy and Henderson counties
LAGRANGE, September 19, 1863.
Lieut.-Col. BINMORE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
Information just received that Col. Wilson with 400 to 600 cavalry, also Newson with 200 cavalry, crossed the Tennessee at Saltillo on Tuesday, supposed to
be on a conscription tour in McNairy and Henderson Counties.
Page 172 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 19, 1863
T. W. SWEENY, Brig.-Gen., Comdg. Second Div., 16th Army Corps.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 737.
LAGRANGE, September 19, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. GRIERSON:
A citizen, K. M. Harden, who lives 6 miles east of Purdy, reports this afternoon
that Col. Wilson, rebel, crossed the Tennessee River at Saltillo on Tuesday, the
15th instant, with about 500 men; swam their horses. On Wednesday Col. Wilson passed near Purdy, going toward Jackson. His avowed purpose is to conscript.
They shot the father of one of the officers of the Sixth Tennessee Cavalry. That
regiment asks permission to go after Wilson.
Your obedient servant,
L. F. McCRILLIS, Col., Comdg. Cavalry Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 738.
September 19, 1863 - Sounds of war in the Cleveland environs
. . . We heard cannons (in the direction of Ringgold) from 10 to 12 o'clock without ceasing this morn. We are very anxious to know the result. The town looks
gloomy and deserted. [We] see just a few men standing on the corners of the
streets. The southern men and Lincolnites have all run.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 19, 1863 - "Tennessee Money."
We have watched the progressive slides of Tennessee money downward, with
apprehension. The unexpected depreciation has been very disastrous to persons
who could poorly bear this additional weight of sorrow, and some are sacrificing what remains in their hands, under the impression that it will follow the
course of Confederate scrip, and become worthless. Already the depreciation
has reached a point that excludes Tennessee money from everyday transactions, and as thousands of the country people have no other money, this fact is
likely to have an important bearing upon the expected revival of trade here.
We second the motion of a contemporary that the Tennessee banks should
immediately publish statements of their condition. This would to some extent
quiet the fears of the people and at least check the downward tendency.
We do not believe there is just ground for any suspicion relative to the Tennessee banks, their management, or ability to meet their demands. The unsettled
situation of Tennessee affairs naturally discredits our currency to some extent
outside of the State, but this should not operate here at home. We all know the
resources of Tennessee, almost boundless in their extent, and that there are
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September 19, 1863
ample guarantees for the redemption of all her pledges. Let us, then rally
around our currency, hold it up, lift it up, honor it,
Memphis Bulletin, September 19, 1863.
September 19, 1863 - "Female Smugulers."
The funny song of the "Female Smuguler"NOTE 1 is not without its application.
Every day we hear of persons of the feminine persuasion taking advantage of
the inviolability of their sex to secrete and carry to the enemy's use articles
contraband of war. Now, ladies, we ask you, is this fair? Is this lady-like? Is it
honorable? That protection, that almost sanctity which is accorded to your sex,
stands upon grounds too high and hold to debased by the carrying of smuggled
goods. Think of it, dear ladies. Three years ago you would have shrunk with
horror from such an idea. Imagine a chaste daughter, a revered mother, an honored wife, carrying under her dress a lot of gun caps, pistols, quinine, dispatches, or any of those means by which war is perpetuated, and as she passes
the guard and receives the deferential respect due from every man to the representative of his mother, chuckling to herself with the knowledge that she bears
about her the means by which that sentinel will meet his death? Oh, ladies,
shun the post of the "female smuguler!"
Memphis Bulletin, September 19, 1863.
NOTE 1: Not identified.
September 19, 1863 - A Contraband Funeral."
We were forcibly reminded on Saturday last [19th] of the uncertainties of life
by observing a contraband funeral passing solemnly down Front Row. The
hearse was a light spring wagon, the body just long enough for half of the body
in the coffin, on one end of which was the driver. Behind the hearse walked
seven me, and in their rear, seven women. We could scarcely forbear quoting
the lines of Horace, so appropriate[:] Eheu Posthume, Posthume!" as the lugubrious procession moved on.
"There is no hard work for poor Uncle Ned.
He has gone where the good niggers go."
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
September 19, 1863 - Life in prison for Captain William J. Robinson
(Sept.) 19th today I had a visit from Miss Jenie Watson. she was allowed to talk
to us only a few minutes in the presence of the guard. She said several of the
citizens had tried to get permission to see me but they was refused. during the
day a Miss Addison sent us several things among others was a bottle of fluid.
late in the evening we wear marched to depo to take the cars for Nashville. dur-
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 19, 1863
ing my stay in Franklin J. D. Bennet and wife furnished our meals regular to
us. I shall ever remember them arriving at the cars. there was a crowd. Many I
knew. after getting on the cars several I knew to be union men approached me
and told me the propriety of taking the oath and becoming loyal to the best
government on earth. I give them verry satisfaction. one who had taken the
oath was kind enough to put seven dollars in my hand. I told him I would drink
to his health the first a-oppertunity. the person was Dick Swanson noted for his
[?] and love of fluid. as was told on the cars that it was expected an attact
myself but no attact was made. we arrived at Nashville. 4 o'clock. we was
marched down Church St. to College. then to square, up Ceddar to Capital.
here I saw Gov. Johnson. the roll being called, we wear ordered to Penitentiary.
we were received with a shout as all rebels are that visit this institution. Dick
McCan was calling my name at a loud voice saying we have saved a place for
you. I knew you would come. here I saw many I knew—several of my company. I was assigned a place in honest mess No. 1. Dick McCan had a little
fluid. he said now was the time to drink it. Of course it would have binn impolite in me to have refused so we drank being a full member now. we spent the
remainder of the night in very pleasant talking of the past and present not
knowing much of the future. we retired. I slept sound considering.
Diary of Capt. William J. Robinson.
September 19, 1863 - "Plundering in the Market House."
For some time, a certain class of persons have been visiting the market-place
daily for the purposes of stealing, etc. Proceedings were instituted yesterday by
which, it is likely, the abuse will be effectually stopped. By an arrangement
with the military authorities, a special guard were distributed through the
building, the arrest of seventeen of the light fingered was the consequence.
Less than half of these were soldiers. Fourteen of the number were Tennesseans, two from Indiana, and one from Michigan. Three youthful apprentices in
"the art" were released after working on the streets for half a day. The others
were "sent up" to labor on the public streets for five days. A salutary warning,
may be, to the professionals.
Nashville Daily Press, September 19, 1863.
September 19, 1863 - ". . . the chilly winds will continue to blow indefinitely."
Mild September commenced frowning yesterday, and the signs are that the
chilly winds will continue to blow indefinitely. The mercury dropped down to
58 at noon, the warmest period of the day. Our shivering people are almost
ready to believe that "summer's gone and winter's night." But we know their
thoughts are not of themselves exclusively. The approach of cold weather
reminds us that the poor and needy are among us, and that it is our Christian
duty to care for them. Let our generous people begin now to interest themselves for the comfort of the destitute families in our midst. In giving from
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September 1863 — Page 175
September 19, 1863
your ample store to those of "iron fortune," you perform the bidding of your
Maker, and inscribe your names on the imperishable scroll of His love. Immediate action in this behalf, buy those who appreciate that it is dutiful and godlike to be charitable, will alleviate much suffering, and perhaps rescue many a
poor widow or orphan from a wretched death. We have spoke thus gratuitously,
because we know that, in the wild hurry of the present day, the best mind is apt
to forget its offices of kindness to others—not criminally forget, but on account
of engrossing thoughts and anxieties. Let Nashville, the coming winter, show
all its former solicitude and magnanimity for the poor, whom we always have
with us. The occasion will be far more urgent than ever heretofore.
The subject of fuel is naturally connected with these remarks. As yet, we
believe there is no certainty that we shall not have great difficulty in keeping
warm. At present, our coal-yards are empty, and the only hope of their being
supplied seems to rest with those having control of the Sewanee mines. We
hope soon to be made aware that the efforts to provide the city with coal from
this source have proved entirely successful. The quantity of wood now brought
to the city is not equal to the demand, even in the earnest weather, and prices
are utterly out of the reach of people in moderate circumstances. It will require
a different management than that to which we are not subjected to prevent general inconvenience and actual freezing during the winter months. In view of the
increased amount of fuel needed for consumption by the military, and the people, we hope some wise and systematic plan will be at once adopted to save all
from discomfort. More of the adjacent forest of trees must be felled and prepared for the market, and prices must be reduced to reasonable figures—else
we shall witness such distress as never befell this community. If private enterprise will not conform to the necessities of the case, other combinations should
be formed to effect the people deliverance from "the world's cold storm." We
shall again refer to this absorbing question more at length.
Nashville Daily Press, September 19, 1863.
September 19, 1863 - President Abraham Lincoln authorizes Military Governor Andrew
Johnson to establish state government in Tennessee
EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, D. C., September 19, 1863.
Hon. ANDREW JOHNSON, Military Governor of Tennessee:
You are hereby authorized to exercise such powers as may be necessary and
proper to enable the loyal people of Tennessee to present such a republican
form of State government as will entitle the State to the guarantee of the United
States therefor, and to be protected under such State government by the United
States against invasion and domestic violence. All according to the fourth section of the fourth article of the Constitution of the United States.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
OR, Ser. III, Vol. 3, pp. 825-826.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 19, 1863
September 19, 1863 - September 20, 1863 - Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia
General Bragg's address to the Army of Tennessee after the battle of Chickamauga, GA, is notable for his confident belief that God was responsible for the
Confederate victory:
HDQRS. ARMY OF TENNESSEE, Field of Chickamauga, September 22,
1863.
It has pleased Almighty God to reward the valor and endurance of our troops
by giving to our arms a complete victory over the enemy's superior numbers.
Homage is due and is rendered unto Him who giveth not the battle to the
strong.
Soldiers, after two days of severe battle, preceded by heavy and important outpost affairs, you have stormed the barricades and breastworks of the enemy,
and driven before you in confusion and disorder an army largely superior in
numbers, and whose constant theme was your demoralization and whose constant boast was your defeat. Your patient endurance under privations, your fortitude and your valor, displayed at all times and under all trials, have been
meekly rewarded. Your commander acknowledges his obligations, and promises to you in advance the country's gratitude. But your task is not ended. We
must drop a soldier's tear upon the graves of the noble men who have fallen by
our sides and move forward. Much has been accomplished. More remains to be
done before we can enjoy the blessings of peace and freedom.
BRAXTON BRAGG.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 38.
September 19, 1863 - September 25, 1863 - Expedition from Fort Pillow to Jackson
SEPTEMBER 19-25, 1863.-Expedition from Fort Pillow to Jackson, Tenn.
Report of Col. Edward H. Wolfe, Fifty-second Indiana Infantry, commanding
Fort Pillow.
HDQRS. POST OF FORT PILLOW, SIXTH DIVISION, SIXTEENTH
ARMY CORPS, September 28, [Monday] 1863.
CAPT.: I beg leave to report that, on the 19th [Saturday] instant, I ordered
Capt. Frank Moore, with five companies Second Illinois Cavalry and two companies Fifty-second Indiana Infantry Volunteers (mounted infantry), to proceed
on scout in direction of Jackson, Tenn., with orders to thoroughly scout the
country.
This expedition returned Friday evening last [25th], having accomplished that
object.
Capt. Moore reports having met no force of the enemy, it being impossible to
prevent the numerous bands of guerrilla that infest the country from receiving
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September 1863 — Page 177
September 20, 1863
information of his approach, although his movements were made as rapidly
and quietly as possible.
Capt. Moore brings in 6 prisoners, 3 of whom will be sent up to-day under
guard. Two will be released on oath and bond, as there is not sufficient charges
or evidence against them to justify forwarding as prisoners. One will be held
here in confinement until some additional evidence can be procured.
~~~
I have the honor to be, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
E. H. WOLFE, Col., Comdg. Post.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 655.
September 20, 1863 - Confederate Repulse of Union demonstration in force near Zollicoffer
[Bluff City]
No circumstantial reports filed.
ZOLLICOFFER, September 20.
Gen. S. COOPER:
The enemy made a demonstration in force on us here to-day, and were
repulsed. My cavalry followed them to Blountville, 6 miles from here. Their
force engaged to-day are believed to have been not less than 2,000, all
mounted, and six pieces of artillery. Five other regiments are reported between
Jonesborough and Watauga Bridge, but they had not engaged my force at the
latter place late this afternoon.
SAMUEL JONES, Maj.-Gen.
Zollicoffer is a station on the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, 11 miles
from Bristol. Jonesborough is 32 miles from Bristol. The distance from Bristol
to Knoxville is 130 miles.
LYNCHBURG, September 21.
. . . Gen. Jones whipped the enemy at Zollicoffer, 10 miles west of Bristol,
Sunday, and it is reported that Gen. Williams, being in their rear, had captured
the entire retreating force, said to be 2,400. The last rumor needs confirmation,
but Jones' victory is doubtless true.
J. G. FOSTER.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 776.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: See also: OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 601.
Page 178 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 20, 1863
September 20, 1863 - Skirmish at Beaver Creek
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863.
September 20.-White reached Knoxville. Passed 5 miles on the Loudon road.
The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, drove the enemy across Beaver Creek.
Fought them three hours, 2 1/2 miles from Zollicoffer. Withdrew to
Blountville. Gilbert toward Morristown. Wolford toward Athens.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 20, 1863 - Skirmish at Carter's Depot
No circumstantial reports filed.
A. k.a."Carter's Station."
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863:
~~~
September 20.-White reached Knoxville. Passed 5 miles on the Loudon road.
The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, drove the enemy across Beaver Creek.
Fought them three hours, 2 1/2 miles from Zollicoffer. Withdrew to Blountsville. Gilbert toward Morristown. Wolford toward Athens.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 20, 1863 - Murder in a Cherry Creek church, White County
Oh! what a dreadful circumstance has happened. Jeff Snodgrass fell a victim to
malice, was shot at church. Oh! what wretched condition our country has got
into. Who would have thought, but what a man, or woman either, would have
been safe at church, but it seems that neither man nor woman was safe at
Cherry Creek yesterday.
Mr. Quarles was shot and thought to be dead but was not; Jeff was killed dead,
and Martha Simms had a pistol cocked at her. I never heard of such an affair all
my life. It was all Dee Bradley's doings. Some say she fired the first pistol, but
others that were by Jeff said that he fired first and she fired second. I will not
write about it for it makes me feel so badly.
Diary of Amanda McDowell.
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September 1863 — Page 179
September 20, 1863
September 20, 1863 - "FEMALE INFLUENCE IN RESTORING PEACE TO THIS COUNTRY."
We propose to express a few wholesome truths in relation to the influence
exerted by women in producing the present terrible war, that is filing the land
with graves, and clothing every household in mourning. We will use not
reproachful language. Our sole purpose in alluding to a subject necessarily
painful to all, and mortifying to many, is to exhort those who did so much in
bringing about the war; to do all they can to end it.
No one is more ready to acknowledge the merits of the fair sex in the relations
of mother, wife, sister and daughter, than we are. We respect a vitreous woman
above all earthly creatures. We acknowledge their humanizing and sanctifying
influences in society. Without their sweet companionship the world is a desert
and man but a brute. They are patterns of moral and religious worth; exemplars
of all that is worth copying. They point the way to the celestial Eden above. A
society in which the influence of woman predominates is, other things being
equal, the best society known to man.
In the inception of the present war, the influence of Southern women was generally enlisted upon the side of the rebellion, even more so, if possible, than
that of the other sex. This was done by appeals to passion, to sympathy, and to
revenge-three influences above all others powerful in their effects upon the
female mind. While strong, brave and sensible men, held back, their wives,
mothers and sisters, urged them forward. A species of insanity seemed to possess their minds. The Federal Government, which above all the Governments
on earth gave honor and respect to woman, was viewed by them as a thing to
be despised, hooted at and spit upon. PRENTICE, in one of his writing moods,
seems possessed of a pen of fire while writing of the sad deeds of woman as an
inciter of strife. Read his fearful denunciation, you who are familiar with the
history of Tennessee in 1861, and say if even in this appalling language he has
exaggerated the case:
"If the rebellion were to accomplish all the good that its craziest supporters
ever hoped from it, it could never compensate for a tithe of the evil it has done
in the single item of Satanization of the feelings of passions, the whole natures
of a portion of the American women. The women of this country have been
favored from childhood above those of all other countries of the earth; they
have enjoyed every blessing and every privilege that the female heart in other
quarters of the globe ever dreamed of; they have grown up under the boldest
flag of all the world, a flag that has shone as a star of heaven to them and a terrible bale-fire to their country's enemies, a flag to which the oppressed of all
the world's monarchies and despotisms knelt as they might to the fiery cross
seen by Constantine in the sky, and yet, when this old flag, this honored and
battle-worn flag, in a season of the mightiest prosperity without the shadow of
cause, without even a pretext that the utmost human ingenuity could make
plausible, was assailed by disappointed and maddened politicians, thousands
and tens of thousands of our women, not stopping a moment to inquire into the
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 20, 1863
right or the wrong, became fiercer than the fiercest man against the glorious
emblem of our nationality, and in favor of rebellion with its whole long and
dreadful train of infernal horrors! We speak not now of all the rebel women,
but we do speak of very many of them. They jeered at the old banner of stars
given us by our gray fathers wherever they beheld it. They mocked it, they spit
upon it, they trampled it under foot, and were not ashamed! They seemed actuated by nothing but an insane rage for change, novelty, innovation, revolution,
anarchy, tragedy, ruin, desolation. They hurled their words of fury around them
as a maniac would hurl coals of fire. They seemed to transcend in their taste for
blood, even those female monsters born of the French Revolution, who sat
daily around the guillotine, laughing and scoffing as the gleaming steel
descended and the bloody heads rolled, gasping upon the ground. They literally compelled innumerable men and boys, their own husbands, cousins, lovers, brothers, sons, who would most gladly have remained at home, to take up
arms and go into the rebel armies. They are responsible for the death of thousands who have perished of sickness, toil, hunger, sword, bullet and bayonet.
Thousands of poor dead, tongues, mute in all things else, are continually bearing awful testimony against them from far and unknown and undistinguishable
graves, and from plains and thickets and bills and swamps where unburied
skeletons gleam with ghastly whiteness upon the earth's surface. We are sometimes unable to gaze at the female inciters of the terrible rebellion, however,
comely they may be in form or feature, and realize at the moment that they are
human. Their eyes look to us like tomb-fires, their mouths like trenches for the
dead, their noses like heaps of bones, their bosoms like tumult over mortal
dust, and the rose-hues upon their cheeks like the foul blood-stains of battle
and massacre. The whole atmosphere around them seems surcharged with visible death and horror."
Yes, if the moldering corpses that lie in their charnel houses, heaped hideously
together at Shiloh, Fort Donelson, at Corinth, at Murfreesboro-if they could
speak, how many a hollow voice should we hear: 'Sent here by my sister; my
wife, my MOTHER! ' Oh, God, the mothers who gave them birth, and nurtured
them up to manhood, drove that manhood into an untimely grave! '
Sad and horrible as these reflections are there is yet one more that we cannot
omit in this connections. We again use the words of PRETNICE:
"There are at this day in the rebel armies great numbers of young men who
would gladly return home but dare not. They understand, that, if they were to
leave the service to which in an evil hour they devoted themselves, they would
be under the ban of bitter indignation and scorn of rebel women. These
women, we mean only the portion of them we have been referring to, incapable
of remorse or regret for all the ruin they have wrought, are keeping up their
unnatural and most accursed work. But for them, the prospect for speedy peace
would be far better than it is. We believe that the men, North and South, could
come together, if rebel women did not hold them apart. These builders of pyramids of skulls do whatever they can, by all the arts of provocation and encouragement and blandishment, to keep up the strife."
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September 1863 — Page 181
September 20, 1863
We know this statement to be true-that there are numbers of men who would
come home from a miserable and failing cause were it not for the counsels of
rebel woman-even in this vicinity; and this gives a practical use of the subject
to which we now hasten, indorsing with all our heart the following from the
same author:
"There are women, and we are sure many, who, misguided by the teachings of
others, or controlled by deep love and sympathy for the South and for those
struggling in her defense, or governed by the influences, of early association
and life-long prejudices, feel a strong devotion to the rebel cause, and yet
retain the gentleness, the truth, and the nobleness of womanhood. For such we
have, heaven knows, no word or thought of unkindness. While we regret their
deep and most deplorable delusion, we can with them all the good that God has
in store for the good."
It is to such, and there are many such in this vicinity, to whom we now address
ourselves, and we implore them, as they would repair that terrible mistake of
their lives, to use their influence in recalling to homes of loyalty, honor and
peace, the misguided youth in the rebel army. Send them word, as far as you
can safely do so, that they will be welcome home. Let them know that woman's
love and sympathy await them by the old domestic firesides. Mothers, call
back you sons before it is too late for you and them. Call them back as your
staff in your old age-the staff and support of your country. Let them know that
they who come early will be the most welcome. Spare them further soldier's
privations-spare them the hospital and the grave. They are too precious to be
thus thrown away. Already the land mourns for its best and bravest.
Sisters, wives, call back you loved ones while they are within the sound of
your voice. Confess your error by repairing it. Tell them that the Federal Government is strong enough to forgive and magnanimous enough to forget. Tell
them of those who have already come in by scored and hundreds and made
their peace with an offended Government, from which, had stern justice been
dealt out without lenity, they would have received nothing by confiscation,
outlawry and death.
The time has come when all who fear God and love the things of peace, should
throw aside the veil of passion that has darkened their minds for the last thirty
months, and look calmly to the future. See into what we are drifting; on the one
hand anarchy, on the other despotism! To the influence of women we look to
restore a calm, healthy feeling in the community, a humiliation before God, a
submission to rightful authority, and all else needed to give us the golden days
of peace and prosperity.
Memphis Bulletin, September 20, 1863.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 20, 1863
September 20, 1863 - Confederate guerrilla raid on Brownsville
•See October 25, 1863--"ANOTHER RAID ON BROWNSVILLE. DISGRACEFUL ACTS OF THE GUERRILLAS. SHORT SKETCH OF THE
REBEL LEADER."
September 20, 1863 - "Scene in Calvary Church"
•See October 16, 1863--"Whom Do You Serve?" Episcopalian disloyalty to
the Union in Memphis
On Sunday [20th] morning Rev. Mr. White was repeating the Episcopal services in his church, Gen. Thomas. Adjutant General of the U. S., being present.
When the reverend gentleman came to that passage which implores divine protection upon the President of the United States, and sit in authority, he passed it
over without notice, as is his very bad custom generally. But the venerable
Adjutant was not to be so balked. In a voice sufficiently audible he repeated the
entire passage, much to the annoyance of some worshipper who had not heard
that portion for several years. The Adjutant's example in this respect is worthy
of all commendation, and as such is respectfully commended to the vestry.
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
September 20, 1863 - A Yankee attends a Southern Baptist service
. . . Today went to town to church for my first time in McMinnville—to the
Baptist church—had only a prayer meeting—a good deal of lamenting over
their calamities, but not a word to say about their wicked rebellion. Grief for
their fallen friends, none apparently for the course that led to their fall. I was
almost angry at them, but I felt I ought to make a good deal of allowance for
people who have suffered in the persons of these most dear to them.
Reports of rebel receiving reinforcements are becoming thicker and appear to
be well authenticated. Rosecrans is said to be concentrating his troops rapidly.
May the good Lord give him good success, and may confusion and defeat
attend the footsteps of rebel enemies everywhere. Lord God defend the just
cause for Jesus Christ's sake.
Alley Diary
September 20, 1863 - "Closing up the Saloons;" prohibition in Memphis.
The order of the Provost Marshal, Col. Swayne, published in the Bulletin on
Friday [18th], prohibiting the sale of spirituous liquors in Memphis, took our
thirsty population with their nether integuments lowered. As our friends
opened their Bulletin they began to swear. The tracks of our carriers were
marked by oaths weighing a pound each. Never was such consternation. Blas-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 183
September 20, 1863
phemies in the choicest Saxon, the most dulcet Teuton, Italian, Spanish, or
what not, choked in the morning air. If the Provost Marshal, who is said to be
an early riser, had his ears as well as eyes open, he must have thought the gunners at Fort Pickering were shelling the city. The day was one of the thirstiness,
irreligion and gloom. Country people, taking the oath of allegiance, varied the
formula by adding private curses of their own. The army and navy suffered
worst of all; it was hard to persuade the gallant fellows that there was "narry a
drop" to be had for love or money. A group of passengers from Cairo, who had
not been allowed to drink on the boat, came rushing to the Worsham [hotel] for
a "nip," and when they were told of the prohibition the strongest men became
as children. One of them in fact remarked "I have lost two sons in this war, and
my old woman is but poorly, but d___ me if this is not the hardest thing that I
have encountered yet!"
In our walks we met various groups of individuals coming out of blind alleys,
lanes and out-of-the-way corners, and the sameness of feature upon them all
was remarkable. Horror and rage had transformed them. Their oldest creditors
would scarcely have recognized them. But the subject is too painful to be pursued. We close it without nerves unstrung. The following lines are handed us
by a man who rushed into our office without a hat, drooped the sheet and
departed, we fear, to lay rash hands upon himself:
WAIL OF THE SPIRIT-SEEKERS
A wail from out the alleys and a howl from many a street,
A ripping and a cursing from the place where topers meet,
A knocking at the backdoors where the spirits dwelt of yore,
The backdoors whence the spirits strong and fiery come no more.
Like the lightning from the heavens, 'twas an instantaneous flash;
It made saloons a contraband, and knocked them into smash;
The topers yearn for bitters, for their morning "smiles" they pine,
For "noon-drinks" and for "night-caps," but their yearnings all are vain.
No more the brandy cocktail, ah, no more the whisky straight,
The Bourbon lay untasted, for the soldier at the gate;
The delectable juice, with its stores of wealth untold,
Can not be had by any man, for greenbacks or gold!
Oh, Swyane, how could you do it, son of noble Ohio?
How could you crush our pleasures and inaugurate our woe?
No warning-not a moment for the thirstiest to prepare,
Oh Provost, Provost, Provost, see and pity our despair!
Memphis Bulletin, September 20, 1863.
September 20, 1863 - "ILLNESS OF GOVENOR JOHNSON."
The friends of the Governor will regret to learn that he is again suffering from
severe indisposition. He has been confined to his bed for two or three days. We
have not learned the natures of his illness, but there are no apprehensions of his
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 20, 1863
protracted absence from his pressing duties. Col. Robt. Johnson was under
orders to report with his command at the front yesterday, but obtained an
extension of time on account of his father's prostration.
Nashville Daily Press, September 20, 1863.
September 20, 1863 - September 21, 1863 - Action at Zollicoffer
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF EAST TENNESSEE, Zollicoffer, September 22,
1863.
SIR. In regard to the engagement of yesterday [21st] and the day before [20th]
on the bank of Watauga River, at Carter's Station, I have this to report to you, to
be submitted to the commanding general:
On the morning of the 19th (Gen. Jackson being in command), I posted my
batteries on the right and left of the depot, upon the heights, and soon afterward
the enemy In front attacked the cavalry under Gen. Crittenden, and for three
hours a sharp skirmish was kept up between our forces and the enemy. During
this time the enemy pushed forward a battery of 3-inch rifled guns (Parrott)
and opened upon our batteries, but, by direction of myself and Col. King, our
batteries never returned their fire.
During this time I rode forward to the scene of the engagement and requested
Gen. Crittenden to allow me to bring my guns into the action, but he told me
that at that moment they would be of no use.
Soon after a train arrived from Zollicoffer, bearing Gen. John S. Williams and
his brigade, of which was the Forty-fifth Virginia, commanded by Col.
Browne. I immediately went with Gen. Williams to examine the position of our
forces, and, by his orders, during that night [of the 19th I constructed a footbridge on trestles across the Watauga River, a half a mile above the railroad
bridge, in order to effect a communication with our forces who were stationed
on the opposite side of the river. In the construction of this bridge I was aided
by Col. Johnson, of Arkansas, and the Hon. Joseph B. Heiskell, member of
Congress from Tennessee, both of whom were volunteers for the occasion, and
at 9 o'clock that night the bridge was completed.
At 3 o'clock In the morning of the 20th, the enemy, having advanced a battery
of rifled pieces, opened a spirited fire upon the depot, where there then were
three trains loaded with quartermaster's and commissary stores to be sent to
Zollicoffer, but, by order of Gen. Williams, neither our batteries nor our infantry returned the fire of the enemy.
In the morning our cavalry, dismounted, under Gen. Crittenden, advanced upon
the enemy, and for some two or three hours skirmished with them. During this
time two regiments of the enemy having passed, with banners flying and drums
beating under the shelter of a hill deployed in front of McClung's battery,
which was on the south side of the river, at about 500 yards' distance, evidently
with the intention of storming it, and Capt. McClung (although commanded
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 185
September 20, 1863
not to fire without my orders) opened upon them with spherical case, and after
about 40 rounds no enemy was to be seen except the dead.
In the afternoon the enemy suddenly displayed a battery of artillery in a point
of woods near our position, and then Gen. Williams said, "Turn your guns
loose," and, under the direction of Lieut.-Col. King, Lowry's battery of Napoleon guns and Burroughs' battery of rifled guns opened upon the enemy's battery, and in about twenty minutes the enemy was no longer to be seen.
After dark Gen. Williams ordered me to take three companies of infantry
across the river, deploy them as skirmishers, and bring on an action at the setting of the moon. Lieut.-Col. King, of the artillery, was to take charge of Col.
Browne's regiment, which was to support me by a movement on the right. In
obedience to this order, I deployed three companies as skirmishers, at 8 paces,
covering the entire front of the enemy's pickets and within 200 yards of them,
with orders to open upon the enemy when the moon set; and It was already In
the trees, when an order came to me by assistant Adjutant-Gen. Reese requiring me to withdraw my forces and McClung's battery and burn the bridge,
which order was given to me in the name of Maj. Gen. Sam. Jones, communicated from Zollicoffer by telegraph. This order was obeyed, except I had to
abandon the Carriages of McClung's battery, bringing off the metal only, and
the three companies posted on the hill to the left of McClung's battery effected
their escape by crossing on the trestle bridge, which had been built the night
before by order of Gen. Williams.
And that night, at 4 o'clock, I started with all my guns to Zollicoffer, where I
reported to Maj. Gen. Samuel Jones for duty, at 9 o'clock in the morning.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
MILTON A. HAYNES, Lieut.-Col., P. A., C. S., Comdg. Artillery.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 644-646.
September 20, 1863 - September 21, 1863 - Confederate raids and Federal pursuits between
Paris, Tennessee, and Mayfield, Kentucky
•See September 20, 1863-September 30, 1863-Expedition from Paducah Kentucky to McLemoresville, Tenn.
September 20, 1863 - September 30, 1863 - Expedition from Paducah Kentucky to McLemoresville, Tenn.
SEPTEMBER 20-30, 1863.-Expedition from Paducah., Ky., to McLemoresville, Tenn.
Report of Col. James S. Martin, One hundred and eleventh Illinois Infantry.
HDQRS. COMMANDER POST, Paducah, Ky., September 30, 1863.
Page 186 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 20, 1863
GEN.: I have the honor to submit the following report of the expedition under
my command from the 20th instant to the present date:
I left this post on Sunday, the 20th; joined expedition at Mayfield, Ky., at 12 m.
The information gained from the Union men in that vicinity was that Faulkner,
Bell, and Greer were at Paris, Tenn., with their forces, estimated at 800, and
that they were raiding between that place and Murray. I started Maj. Walker,
Fifteenth Kentucky Cavalry, with his command (116), with orders to proceed
to Murray without delay, surround the town, and arrest any guerrillas or thieves
he might find, and to ascertain the movements and intentions of the rebels, and
then to join the main force at Boydsville on the eve of the 21st instant; also to
leave the impression on the citizens of Murray that he was falling back on
Mayfield.
Capt. Knispel, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, with his command, having reported to
me at 3 p. m., I immediately moved forward toward Boydsville, and camped 7
miles south of Mayfield; 21st, at 7 a. m., took up line of march. Capt. Howe,
Fourth Missouri Cavalry, with his command, reported and joined us 2 miles
south of camp. Arrived at Boydsville at 4 p. m.; camped 2 miles east of the
town. Maj. Waller arrived from Murray at 10 o'clock; reported that the rebels
were in force at Paris, but could find none at Murray. A small squad had been
there, but had fallen back to Paris. I also had a statement from Mr. Kelzoe, who
left that place at 10 a. m., corroborating the information brought by Maj.
Waller; 22d, captain Catlin, with detachment One hundred and first Illinois
Mounted Infantry, reported to me and joined my command, making all the
forces that were sent out. Took up line of march at 4 o'clock a. m. After a
forced march of 20 miles, we arrived at Paris at 2 p. m., made a charge upon
the town with the Fourth Missouri Cavalry, but the rebels had succeeded in getting away, having left Paris at 2 p. m. on the 21st instant in the direction of
Camden; also learned that their armed force was only 300, and they had
between 200 and 300 conscripts, but all were mounted. Hoping to catch them
before they got across the Tennessee River, I immediately dispatched Lieut.Col. Black in command of 300 cavalry in pursuit of them, with orders to proceed to Camden, and thence to Tennessee River, and that if the rebels had got
across the river, to proceed to Huntingdon with his command, and I would
communicate with him at that point.
Col. Black left Paris at 3 a. m. the 23d instant. I then sent out scouting parties
in all directions from Paris to gather reliable information and pick up any stragglers they might find. My scouts returned at night; one squad brought in a
deserter from Newsom's command, who reported that Newsom was advancing
on Huntingdon to effect a junction with Col. Faulkner. Also got information
that Bell and Greer with the conscripts had crossed the Tennessee and that
Faulkner had gone in the direction of Huntingdon. I immediately ordered the
whole command to be in readiness to march, and we left Paris at 5 a. m. the
24th, made a forced march of 23 miles, and camped 2 miles this side of Huntingdon. Sent a courier to Col. Black and at midnight received a dispatch from
him that Faulkner was encamped with his command at McLemoresville, 9
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 187
September 21, 1863
miles from Huntingdon. I immediately started with all the mounted force, leaving orders with the infantry to proceed at daylight, and joined Col. Black at
Huntingdon and moved on McLemore's, arriving there at 6 a. m. Made a dash
into the town and rebel camp, but learned that Faulkner had left at 10 o'clock
the previous night; we were eight hours behind. Horses and men being tired,
we encamped and awaited the arrival of the infantry forces. Sent out scouting
parties on all the principal thoroughfares leading from the town, and learned
that the rebels had taken the Jackson road and were making for the Spring
Creek Bottoms. The infantry arrived at Huntingdon at 1 p. m.; command rested
till 5 a. m. 26th, and took up the march for Dresden; camped within 5 miles of
that place; 27th, 4 p. m., Capt. Howe's detachment, Fourth Missouri Cavalry,
and Capt. Catlin's detachment, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, and Capt. Catlin's
detachment, One hundred and first Illinois Mounted Infantry, were ordered to
proceed to Union City and report to commanding officer, and also to turn over
stock taken by them to the post quartermaster. Expedition took up line of
march at daybreak for Fulton Station, arriving there at sunset; 28th, Capt.
Knispel's detachment, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, were ordered to proceed to
Columbus, Ky., and report. The infantry forces took the train and arrived at this
post about dark. Maj. Waller, with his command, in charge of baggage train
and captured property, came through the country and arrived here all safe at 10
this forenoon.
~~~
The officers and men have been prompt and energetic in all the movements
required of them, having averaged over 20 miles per day. There was but little
sickness, hardly worth mentioning; all stood the march well. Three prisoners
were taken, who will be forwarded to Columbus with the charges against them.
The following property was captured and pressed into the service during the
scout: 23 mules, 23 horses, 17 old saddles, 8 single sets harness, 9 old bridles,
4 two-horse wagons, 5 old rifle guns, 2 old shotguns, and 1 Colt revolver, all of
which has been turned over to the post quartermaster.
Capt. Catlin pressed into his service before reporting to me the following property: 41 mules, 56 horses, and 4 wagons and harness, all of which I ordered
him to turn over to quartermaster at Union City. Respectfully yours,
JAS. S. MARTIN, Col. 111th Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Post.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 656-657.
September 21, 1863 - Skirmish at Carter's Depot
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863.
~~~
Page 188 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 21, 1863
September 21.-Cameron moved from Jonesborough to near Carter's Station.
White to Loudon. The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, to Johnson's. Skirmish at Carter's Station by Cameron, Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry and a part of
the Second Tennessee Mounted Infantry.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 21, 1863 - Action at Jonesborough
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 21, 1863 - "THOSE BIG GUNS."
We, "Ye Local," came near being made the victim of a horrid sell yesterday.
We were examining those big guns on the levee and making notes. We had
computed the weight of the ball by multiplying the bore of the touchhole with
the square root of the trunion, when we were accosted by a solemn looking
chap, who asked us if we could guess who stole the other guns? Hastily replying in the negative, we begged the particulars. He began a long story about "the
guard sleeping on his post—heavy rainstorm—thievish secesh disguised as
women—carried off seven guns, etc., and we had a page full of notes, when we
happened to think that these guns weigh some fifty tons apiece, and the horrid
reflections came over us that we were the victim of a sell. We left a sadder and
a wiser man.
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
September 21, 1863 - Guerrilla attack on the steamer Gladiator
MORE GUERRILLA OUTRAGES
The Gladiator Fired into at Harrison's Landing.
We have learned from her officers the following particulars of the firing into
the steamer Gladiator on Sunday [21st] afternoon: The Gladiator was on her
way from Helena, bound for this city, with a large number of persons aboard.
When near Burdeau's chute (or Harrison's landing, as the place is most generally called) turning close to the Mississippi shore, she was suddenly hailed by a
volley from the muskets of party of guerrillas near them. One ball passed
entirely through the clerk's office, just as that officer stepped out. Nearly
twenty balls were found lodged in different parts of the boat besides a considerable number which struck the wheelhouse.
Though the boat was crowded with passengers, no one was injured by the missiles of the guerrillas. The number of the marauders on the bank is supposed to
have been about one hundred, but they kept well hid behind the brushwood.
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 189
September 21, 1863
September 21, 1863 - September 22, 1863 - Withdrawal to Chattanooga by Army of the
Cumberland
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 21, 1863 - September 22, 1863 - Skirmishes at Watauga River Bridge
Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
September 21, 1863 - September 23, 1863 - Federal Scout in Sequatchie Valley
No circumstantial reports filed.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 21, 1863.
Col. STOKES, Comdg. Cavalry, Tracy City:
The general commanding directs you to have two or three companies, 100 (or
150) men, at Tracy City to scout the country. Report to these headquarters all
that you know goes on in the Sequatchie Valley.
R. S. THOMAS, Capt. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 772.
TRACY CITY, September 23, 1863—8 p. m.
Capt. R. S. THOMAS, Aide-de-Camp:
According to instructions in your telegram of the 21st, I scouted Sequatchie
Valley, just returned. Found no enemy whatever; none heard of in the valley.
Shall I continue to scout and report until further orders?
W. B. STOKES, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 808.
September 22, 1863 - Rebel cavalry movement from Paris along the Tennessee River
UNION CITY, September 23, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. SMITH, Comdg.:
Bell and Biffle, with their force, left Paris yesterday morning, taking a southeast course toward the Tennessee River. They probably had from 500 to 800
men. The rebels about Boydsville are local guerrilla bands, small in number. In
Oak Hill and vicinity, 9 miles south of Como, are some 100 of the newly
enlisted and conscripted rebels.
J. K. MILLS, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 789.
Page 190 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
September 22, 1863 - Skirmish at Hall's Ford, Watauga RiverNOTE 1
•See September 22, 1863--Engagement at and burning of Blountville [artillery duel]
NOTE 1: Referenced in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee as "Skirmish at Hill's Ford,
Watauga River."
September 22, 1863 - Skirmish at Carter's Depot
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the 23d Army Corps, August 1-September 30,
1863.
~~~
September 22.-Gilbert moved to near Carter's Station. Foster engaged the
enemy, 3, 600 strong, and routed them. Captured 70 prisoners and 1 piece of
artillery at Blountsville. After four hours' fight Carter arrived near Carter's Station.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 22, 1863 - Engagement at and burning of Blountville [artillery duel]
BLOUNTSVILLE, TENN., September 22, 1863.
GEN.: We met the enemy at Hall's Ford, on the Watauga, this morning at 9
o'clock, where our passage over both rivers was disputed by a heavy picket
force of cavalry. After considerable skirmishing, the enemy was driven back
and near to town, where we found the enemy posted in a chosen position with
four pieces of artillery.
It was with difficulty that we could dislodge them after four hours' fighting. I at
last effected it by a charge of the Sixty-fifth Indiana Mounted Infantry, Fifth
Indiana Cavalry, and Eighth Tennessee Cavalry, which was made just before
dark. Our loss is not heavy, about 6 killed and 14 wounded, mostly of the
Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteers. We captured about 50 prisoners and 1 piece of
artillery.
The shells of the enemy set fire to the town, and a great portion of it was consumed. Lieut. Miller, of my staff, will communicate all further desired information of my position and the enemy's movements, and what is deemed
necessary by me.
Very respectfully,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 191
September 22, 1863
JOHN W. FOSTER
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 592-593.
HDQRS. ARMY OF THE OHIO, September 22, 1863.
Maj. Gen. S. JONES, Comdg. Confederate Forces, Carter's Station, Tenn.:
GEN.: In the course of the movements of this army I may find it necessary to
fire upon the villages on the line of the railroad occupied by your forces. In
order to avoid accidents to non-combatants, I have the honor to request that
you will cause immediate notice hereof to be given to all such residents of
these villages, that they may remove themselves to place of safety. No one of
the villages will be fired upon before 5 p. m. to-day, and the flag of truce bearing this will terminate one hour after my officer arrives at your pickets. He is
authorized to wait there that long for any message from you.
I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS. ADVANCED DIVISION CONFEDERATE FORCES, September
22, 1863.
Maj. Gen. A. E. BURNSIDE. Comdg. Army of the Ohio:
GEN.: I have received your communication in the temporary absence of my
superior officers, and the limited time set for the return of your flag prevents
me from referring it to them for a reply. The short space allowed for the
removal of non-combatants from the village does not seem to me consistent
with the usages of civilized warfare, and particularly when you intimate that
you are prepared to fire on a number of villages and claim the right to do so
after 5 p. m. to-day. I will ask you most respectfully how information can be
conveyed to them when it is now 4.30 p. m.?
I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Jno. S. WILLIAMS, Brig.-Gen., Comdg. Army of the Ohio, in the Field.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 786.
Excerpt from "Record of Events of the Eighth Tennessee Cavalry:
~~~
Also engaged on the 20th, and Blountville on the 22d, (Blountville burnt).
Report of the Adjutant General, p. 524.
~~~
Heavy cannonading this evening towards Blountville indicate the progress of
the battle. The smoke ascending from the Cannon plainly visible at Squire
Rhea's. Engagement ceased about 6 P. M.
About 7 P. M. some dozen horsemen came by flying from the Yankees,
reported that we were "cut to pieces" at Blountville,—town burnt up, most of
Page 192 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
our men captured, &c. &c. &c. Didn't believe enough of it to prevent me from
sleeping soundly. . .
Diary of Edward O. Guerrant, September 22, 1863. NOTE 1
~~~
Mr. Wm James of Blountville came by with his family & plunder this eveningall in one little two horse wagon. His house was burned & he saved only his
wife & children from the flames. Enough for happiness if he be strong and
faithful. Twelve dwellings, the Court House, Jail & both hotels were burned by
the enemys shells. About the half (& better half) of the little town was
destroyed. Mr. James says we had about 1000 troops there & the Enemy 5000(five to one,) but that the best of the fight was with us. It was principally an
artillery duel. After fighting for several hours & until it was almost night Col.
Carter's (comd'g) ammunition was exhausted & he withdrew in good order.
Diary of Edward O. Guerrant, September 25, 1863.
NOTE 1: William C. Davis and Meredith L. Swentor, eds., Bluegrass Confederate:
The Headquarters Diary of Edward O. Guerrant, (Baton Rouge: LSU
Press), pp. 329-330. [Hereinafter cited as Diary of Edward O. Guerrant,
date, etc. . . ]
September 22, 1863 - Skirmishes at Shallow Ford Gap, near Chattanooga
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the First Cavalry Division, relative to skirmishes
at Shallow Ford Gap, September 22, 1863.
September 22.-Under orders from Gen. Mitchell, retired from the position at
Dry Valley. Sent the Second Indiana Cavalry, via Rossville, to keep up communication with the infantry, and fell back to Chattanooga. The Second Indiana
Cavalry was warmly engaged with the enemy's cavalry and artillery. Arrived at
Chattanooga, crossed Tennessee River, joined by the Third Brigade, which had
marched from Winston's with its train and suffered severely. The losses of the
division in the campaign amount to 265 killed, wounded, and missing. Crossed
the Tennessee River and remained in bivouac.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 898.
Excerpt from the Report of Lieut. Col. Simeon C. Aldrich, Forty-fourth Indiana Infantry, relative to skirmishes at Shallow Ford Gap near Chattanooga,
September 22, 1863.
CAMP 44TH REGT. INDIANA INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS,
Chattanooga, September 27, 1863.
~~~
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 193
September 22, 1863
On the 22d, about 10 a. m., our vedettes exchanged shots with the enemy's
advance, which was driven back by Col. Harrison's men. Between 11 and 12
o'clock the enemy advanced again, drove in our pickets, and appeared in force.
I reserved my fire till they came in very short range, my men being completely
hid. When we opened fire, the enemy were taken completely by surprise and
retreated in great disorder. We repulsed them in this manner twice, with considerable loss, when, our mounted infantry giving way and the enemy appearing
on our flanks, we were obliged to fall back to prevent being surrounded. This
we did in good-order, skirmishing all the way to the railroad.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 828.
Excerpt from the Report of Lieut. Col. Granville A. Frambes, Fifty-ninth Ohio
Infantry relative to skirmishes at Shallow Ford Gap near Chattanooga, September 22, 1863.
HDQRS. FIFTY-NINTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, Chattanooga,
Tenn., September 26, 1863.
CAPT.: I have the honor to report the part which my regiment took in the late
engagements:
~~~
September 22, sharp firing along the picket line about 9 o'clock. I had made
ready to burn the bridges, provided I could not hold them. My pickets reported
a heavy force of infantry and cavalry, with artillery, in my front. I gave orders
to burn the bridges if they could not hold them, and about 12 m. I was forced to
burn them. The enemy was then reported moving round on my flank. I sent a
statement of the facts to Col. Dick and told him that our cavalry had all been
ordered in, and that I would not be able hold the place without re-enforcements. Receiving neither re-enforcements nor orders, I held my position until
about 3 p. m., when I found that I could not hold it any longer. I ordered my
pickets to fall back slowly and cover my retreat. I sent out an advance guard,
and threw out flankers on each side, and marched my regiment left in front in
quick time for Chattanooga. The enemy effected a crossing above me, and
came over the ridge, and was firing on my rear guard from three sides. I had
not gone more than 1 mile when I halted my regiment and fronted it, to wait for
the rear guard to come up and give the enemy fight. I do not think I had been
halted a minute before the enemy opened out on my rear with a masked battery
of four guns, not over 100 yards distant in the bushes. Discovering that I was
cut off from town, I immediately double-quicked my regiment, leaving the battery to my left. I succeeded in cutting their line and getting between them and
town; that is, their infantry force, which I think was about one brigade. I had
now nothing to do but to fight and fall back toward town. I had not gone far
before I discovered a large force of cavalry deployed across the road and field
in my front. I then gave orders for the regiment, except about 50, to move to
the right and gain the woods and work their way down the river. I moved on
Page 194 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
down the railroad with about 50, driving their cavalry from the road, and drawing their attention to me while the rest should gain the woods.
By taking advantage of the railroad as a breastwork I succeeded in foiling the
enemy. A portion of their cavalry charged upon my men in the field, but by the
coolness of my officers and men they took advantage of the skirmish drill and
soon repulsed them, with a loss to them of 2 men killed and 1 horse. During all
this time they were shelling us rapidly, and their infantry making strong efforts
to flank me. I had to leave the railroad once with my horse in order to get
along. I rode around a curve in the dirt road, and was forced to run my horse
through a small squad of rebels in order to pass. They demanded me to halt, but
I road along rapidly, and compelled them to give way or be run over. They
fired at me, but did no harm. I rode round to the railroad, halted my advance
guard, and held the enemy in check till my 50 who came along the railroad had
passed. I was now near our line, and fell back inside the line, having with me
the colors and 50 men; the remainder kept coming in during the evening. Thus
closed the day, with 1 man wounded and 2 officers and 14 men missing.
I have now given a statement of the facts as they occurred during the whole
engagement. I am certain that I have not exaggerated in the least. I consider
that we have just passed through one of the hottest battles of the war, and I can
say that my regiment has done its whole duty.
~~~
Respectfully submitted.
GRANVILLE A. FRAMBES, Lieut. Col., Comdg. 59th Regt. Ohio Vol. Infantry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 834-835.
Excerpt from the Report of Col. P. Sidney Post, Fifty-ninth Illinois Infantry,
commanding First Brigade relative to skirmishes at Shallow Ford Gap near
Chattanooga, September 22,1863.
~~~
The enemy opened upon us with his artillery, but without effect, and we
crossed the bridge over Chattanooga Creek, rejoining the division at 1 o'clock
in the afternoon of the 22d.
~~~
In the afternoon of the 22d the enemy opened a battery on my left, but a few
shots from Lieut. McKnight's section of Capt. Gardner's battery made it necessary for him to withdraw it.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 508.
Excerpt from the Report of Brig. Gen. James G. Spears, U. S. Army, commanding Third Brigade, Third Division, relative to skirmishes at Shallow Ford Gap
on September 22, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 195
September 22, 1863
HDQRS. 3d BRIG., 3d DIV., RESERVE ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
September 27, 1863.
SIR: I respectfully submit the following as my report. . .
~~~
Thus my command rested until Monday evening [21st] at dusk, when I
received orders to leave the First Middle Tennessee Battery [Capt. Abbott] and
one regiment in a commanding position at the cross-roads, and proceed with
the other two regiments down the Chattanooga Valley road, and join Brig.Gen. Mitchell, commanding cavalry [a distance of about 5 miles]. This I at
once did, and informed Gen. Mitchell of my arrival. Here my men rested until
about 2 a. m., September 22, when I received orders from Maj.-Gen. Rosecrans
to return with my command and reoccupy my old position, with all but one
regiment, which I was ordered to throw on the mountain at Summertown. I
accordingly ordered Col. Cross, commanding Third Regt., with his command
to Summertown, on Lookout Mountain, with proper instructions, and Col.
Cooper with his command was marched to the cross-roads, near where the battery and Col. Shelley's regiment were. All this was accomplished before daylight.
On Tuesday morning, September 22, about 8 o'clock, orders were received
from Maj.-Gen. Rosecrans to send all the transportation and First Middle Tennessee Battery into Chattanooga, and, in the event I was attacked by the enemy,
to contest the ground inch by inch and foot by foot, and to fall back across the
mountain and cross the river at Brown's Ferry, where a steamboat would be in
waiting.
Accordingly, I immediately sent the transportation and battery as ordered. I
was also ordered to send three companies upon the railroad along the river at
the point of the mountain, which I did from Col. Shelley's regiment; and the
Sixth Regt., Col. Cooper's, and five companies of Fifth Regt., Col. Shelley's
[two other companies having been left at Carthage, and not yet having arrived],
I had drawn up in line of battle at the cross-roads awaiting the enemy's attack.
At about noon the enemy, with one regiment of skirmishers and sharpshooters,
supported by three regiments of infantry or mounted infantry, and with artillery
and cavalry, attacked my line. The attack was made principally upon the Sixth
Regt. [Col. Cooper]. The command of Col. Shelley [five companies] was
immediately upon the right of Col. Cooper and connecting therewith.
The engagement lasted about one hour and a half, when the contest in numbers
being so unequal, I ordered my command to slowly fall back to a more favorable position on the first bench on the point of the mountain, which was done
in good order, and the enemy declined to pursue. This contest was severe, and
my command, officers and men, all behaved well, and fought gallantly, and
deserve much praise.
~~~
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Page 196 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
JAMES G. SPEARS, Brig.-Gen., Comdg., &c.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 884-885.
September 22, 1863 - Skirmish at the foot of Missionary Ridge
Report of Col. J. S. Scott, First Louisiana Cavalry, commanding brigade.
HDQRS. SCOTT'S BRIGADE, Foot of Missionary Ridge, September 22,
1863.
GEN.: After leaving you to-day, I advanced toward this road, meeting the
enemy near this place. I fought them, killing and wounding some 30 or 40, and
taking 8 prisoners, 2 of whom are commissioned officers. I drove them back to
within 1 miles of Chattanooga, taking their first line of rifle-pits. I succeeded in
getting also about 50 stand of fire-arms.
After taking their rifle-pits, Gen. Pegram came up, and not knowing that Gen.
Davidson would be up to my support, ordered me back to this place. The general has since then come up, and is now near me on my right.
What is most singular to say, all of the Yankees killed or taken prisoners had
canteens of mean whisky that was issued to them to-day to get up a little Dutch
courage.
Being, general, in the position of the _____, I would most willingly receive and
obey and orders issued by you.
There has been considerable excitement in Chattanooga this evening the river
to-morrow morning. The enemy used no artillery at all this evening.
I am, general, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. S. SCOTT, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
[P. S. ]—If you have no especial use for my two companies that you picked up
this morning, please send them to me, as I think they will be of more use to me
than you.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 529-530.
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., THIRD DIV., RESERVE CORPS, On First Bench of
Lookout Mountain Point, September 22, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. ROSECRANS:
GEN.: The enemy attacked us to-day at 12.30 with four regiments (infantry
and artillery). My forces fought well and never yielded the ground until they
were overpowered and compelled to fall back, which was done in good order,
and we now have our position on the first bench of the mountain. The enemy
seems to be reluctant in advancing. I have several men killed and many
wounded.
I will contest it, according to your order this day, inch by inch and foot by foot.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 197
September 22, 1863
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES G. SPEARS, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
P. S. -I am informed the enemy is endeavoring to flank me across the mountain
below; whether true or not I am unable to state. The enemy holds the position I
occupied this morning.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, p. 165.
SIGNAL CORPS OVER THE RIVER, September 22, 1863-5.30 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
The rebels have stacked arms and are getting supper.
FORAKER, Lieut., and Acting Signal Officer.
LOOKOUT POINT, September 22, 1863-6 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
The rebel cavalry are massing on both sides of the Rossville pike near Mr.
Hopkins' house. I think Gen. Wheeler's headquarters are at the house this side.
They have established a picket line up to the foot of the mountain, and will, no
doubt, try us to-night, but we have made all preparations to receive them. If
you will send and officer to the bridge on our right, near our batteries, we can
give them all the directions they want for firing. Had there been one there today, we could have been of much service.
[A. S. ] COLE.
SEPTEMBER 22, 1863-7 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
A number of camp fires can be seen on top of mountain directly in front of
Gen. Crittenden, in gap near Moore's house. Faint lights can be seen along the
mountain-top to right and left.
H. C. JONES, Capt., and Acting Signal Officer.
SEPTEMBER 22, 1863-7.40 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
Enemy's fires 2 miles long front and east-northeast on the ridge, but not many.
SAMUEL BACHTELL, Lieut., and Acting Signal Officer.
OVER THE RIVER, September 22, 1863.
Capt. MERRILL:
I can see camp fires north of the tunnel, also on the ridge east of town.
FORAKER.
SIGNAL STATION 2231, NEAR DEPT. HDQRS.,
Page 198 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
September 22, 1863-11 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
The enemy keep up fires along the crest of the mountain in front of Gen. Crittenden's command, and as they burn low they are relit, being much brighter
now than an hour since. No lights are seen from this point in front of our center
or right.
Respectfully,
H. C. JONES, Capt., and Acting Signal Officer.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 22, 1863-11 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. CRITTENDEN, Comdg. Twenty-first Army Corps:
GEN.: The general commanding directs that all troops occupying rifle-pits be
instructed to reserve their fire until the enemy are within close range, and then
to deliver their fire by volley and by ranks. Caution your troops not to waste
ammunition. This caution is especially necessary to the artillery. From the
reports of signal officers, it is possible that the large camp fires on the left and
the total absence of them in the center and right is intended as a ruse to cover
an attack upon the center or right to-morrow. The general directs that the pickets be directed to listen carefully for any sounds which would indicate the
movement of troops, and to notify the commanding officers of troops toward
which such sounds are moving, and sending reports to these headquarters also.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
(Same to Gen.'s Thomas and Sheridan.)
OR, Ser. I, Vol. Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 167-168.
September 22, 1863 - Skirmish at Johnson's Depot
Report of the Adjutant General, p. 158.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Not referenced in OR but is listed in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
September 22, 1863 - Federal courier line established between Chattanooga and Friar's
Island
•See September 22, 1863--Federal scout from Friar's Island to Sale Creek
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 199
September 22, 1863
September 22, 1863 - Federal scout from Friar's Island to Sale Creek
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 14TH ARMY CORPS, Friar's Island,
September 22, 1863.
Lieut. Col. C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
COL.: I have the honor to report that Col. Wilder being sick and unable for
duty, he this morning turned over the command of the brigade to me, together
with all unexecuted orders. In pursuance of orders received by Col. Wilder, I at
once established a courier line from here to Chattanooga, and sent a party with
dispatches to Col. Byrd, commanding Gen. Burnside's advance, at Cleveland.
At the same time I proceeded to demolish the works of the enemy on the opposite side of the river, and succeeded in accomplishing it effectually. While this
was being done I worked all the tools I have, without intermission, in constructing works for defense on this side the river. I have finished the construction of a bridge for the passage of artillery across the Chickamauga, and now
have the command disposed as follows: Second Michigan Cavalry at Harrison's Landing, guarding the river as far up as Igou's Ferry; four regiments and
the battery here, and one regiment gone to Stevenson with prisoners, started
yesterday. The enemy is reported by citizens to be at South Chickamauga
Bridge, on the Harrison road. I sent a scouting party to the mouth of Sale Creek
this morning, with orders to report to-night.
I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant.
A. O. MILLER, Col., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 780.
September 22, 1863 - Confederate guerrilla activity in Tracy City environs
TRACY CITY, September 22, 1863—8 p. m.
Capt. R. S. THOMS, Aide-de-Camp:
I have just received reliable information that a force of 200 or 300 rebels are in
my section of the country. They are plundering and destroying everything. I am
aware they insulted my wife, firing a pistol at her head. They are said to be
Murray and his men. I most respectfully ask that I may be ordered to scout in
that section before the general commanding as soon as possible. I only want to
be absent a few days.
Respectfully, &c.,
W. B. STOKES, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 785.
Page 200 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 22, 1863
September 22, 1863 - Reaction in Cleveland to news Federal forces were en route
. . . We rec'd
news that the Yankees were coming. Our forces fell below
town. We got up from the table at dinner and went over to Mrs. Miller's each
with a sack. Mr. Carter went down to Mr. McCameys. We came back about 2
o'clock, finished our dinner and packed our clothes in sacks and all (16 of us),
went out and stayed all night at Mr. Reeder's. Sister, Johnnie, Annie and I rode
in the buggy. We had some apprehensions of them shelling the town.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 22, 1863 - "The Aldermanic Committee on Landings."
It appears the last meeting of the Board of Aldermen suddenly found themselves "in a sea of trouble," on account of a communication from Gen. Hurlbut,
enclosing a communication from a member of the Board (Mr. C. A. Stillman)
to the Treasury of the United States, in regard to the payment of wharfage by
the boats in the Government service. It seems that Alderman Stillman, who is
on the committee on landing, but not the chairman, wrote a letter to the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, complaining that boats in the service of the Government did not pay wharfage as they had done when Gen. Sherman was here,
and that Mr. Stillman had signed the communication as chairman of the committee, when he really was not. Resolutions were introduced and passed, the
Board denying any complicity in the writing of the letter, whatever, and pronouncing it wholly unauthorized. The complaint should have been made to
Gen Hurlbut, who, as military commander, had a right to hear the grievances,
before the proceeded to address the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, at
Washington. The affair places Mr. Stillman in a very unenviable light.
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
September 22, 1863 - Form blanks; record keeping by the Federal army
To Company Officers.
The following blanks are now ruled, printed and for sale at the Bulletin Job
Office, in any quantity desires: No. 1—Return of Ordnance and Ordnance
Stores; No. 13—Provision Returns; No. 23—Return of Quartermaster Stores;
No. 26—Abstract E; No. 27—Receipts and Invoices; No. 29—Requisition for
Fuel; Nos. 32 and 33—Requisition for Forage, for Public and Private Horses;
No. 28—Requisition for Stationery, No. 39—Abstract K; No. 51—Return of
Clothing, Camp and Garrison Equipage; No. 52—Clothing Receipts Roll. All
other military blanks ruled and printed in the most perfect manner, and on short
notice. Orders by mail express promptly attended to. Address Bulletin Office,
Telegraph Building.
Memphis Bulletin, September 22, 1863.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 201
ca. September 22, 1863
ca. September 22, 1863 - September 23, 1863 - Reconnaissance and skirmishing, Chattanooga environs
HDQRS. TWENTY-FRIST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 24,
1863.
Brig. Gen. J. A. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
SIR: I have the honor to report that Gen. Hazen's report of his reconnaissance
was forward to department headquarters at 8 p. m. last evening, and I have
before me Maj. Bond's receipt for the same. The cannon firing on my front was
not by my order, although I was present at most of it, and if it is the wish of the
general commanding that no cannon firing should be had during picket skirmishing, I will issue an order to that effect. I intended to state in my previous
note that the rockets were from my picket lines.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
T. L. CRITTENDEN, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 24, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. CRITTENDEN, Comdg. Twenty-first Army Corps:
Your dispatch received. The general commanding regrets that there was any
cannon firing at all. You report a white rocket light; was not that from our own
line?
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. S. THOMS, Capt. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 1016.
September 22, 1863 - September 26, 1863 - Reconnaissance and Skirmishes in front of Chattanooga
Report of Col. Michael Gooding, Twenty-second Indiana Infantry.
HDQRS. TWENTY-SECOND REGT. INDIANA VOLUNTEERS, Camp in
the Field, September 27, 1863.
CAPT.: Agreeable to your order, I submit to you the following report of my
regiment since leaving Tennessee River:
According to orders received, we marched from camp from near Stevenson,
Ala., on the 30th day of August, and crossed the Tennessee River same day,
from whence we marched over the Sand Hill Mountains and arrived at Valley
Head or Winston's farm on the evening of the 4th of September.
From thence we marched over Lookout Mountain and guarded the road. We
left the top of the mountain on the 18th, marched to Stevenson, where we
guarded the gap.
Page 202 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 23, 1863
On the morning of the 20th we marched from thence; crossing Missionary
Ridge, we arrived at Crawfish Spring about 3 p. m. and took up position with
the cavalry forces commanded by Brig. Gen. R. B. Mitchell, and marched from
there about 5 p. m., same day, and arrived in the valley at the foot of Lookout
Mountain about 8 p. m., and took position on the right of the brigade, the right
of my regiment resting against the mountain.
On the 22d of September we arrived within 1 mile of Chattanooga, and same
day took position in front on the banks of a small creek.
On the evening of the 24th I received orders to proceed across the creek with
my regiment and the Seventy-fourth Illinois (commanded by Col. Jason
Marsh) for the purpose of making a reconnaissance. I advanced a strong line of
skirmishers, who came upon the rebel shots were fired and the rebels fell back
about a half mile, where their front line was concealed behind a fence near the
edge of the woods. As soon as my skirmish line advanced within 200 yards the
rebels rose in force and fired a volley into the skirmishers, killing 1, mortally
wounding 1, and slightly wounding 2. The skirmishers then fell back, bringing
the wounded into the edge of the woods, where I placed my forces in position
and reported to Col. Post, commanding brigade, that he enemy were in force in
our front, whereupon I received orders to bring in the wounded and return to
the picket line.
In the meantime the enemy advanced a regiment and a battery on my right
flank, and attacked my skirmishers on the right, evidently with the intention of
gaining my rear, when I withdrew and took up my former position.
During the entire skirmish and march my officers and men conducted themselves with decorum and bravery, seemingly willing to endure anything to
insure our success. I especially recommend Asst. Surg. N. J. Beachley for the
energy he displayed in the discipline of the infirmary corps, and providing for
the sick and wounded on the march, in consequence of which there has not
been a man lost during this time from straggling.
I am, captain, very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
M. GOODING, Col., Comdg. Twenty-second Regt. Indiana Vols.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. I, pp. 513-514.
September 23, 1863 - Excerpt from a letter of George H. Cadman, a soldier with the 39th
Ohio Volunteer Infantry and on occupation duty in the Bluff City, to his
wife, relative to female pulchritude in Memphis
As for pretty girls in Memphis there are very few to be seen, what with Chawing Snuff and tight Lacing the women are all more or less ugly. I have heard
and read a great deal of the beautiful daughters of the South, but must confess
that I have not seen them yet, they are mostly sallow Complexion and to remedy this they lay paint on so thick that to me it appears disgusting. I have had a
good chance of seeing the Ladies since we have been here at Church and on the
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 203
September 23, 1863
Public Roads and at their dwellings, and there is the same mark of listlessness.
I believe Tight-Lacing is the principal cause for what seems to be carried on to
a greater extent here, than any place I was ever at.
Cadman Correspondence
September 23, 1863 - Skirmish at Cumberland Gap
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 23, 1863 - Skirmish at Summertown
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 23, 1863 - Skirmish at Lookout Mountain
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 23, 1863 - Confederates evacuate Carter's Station
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 23.-The enemy evacuated Carter's Station. Railroad bridge saved.
The Third Division moved back to Jonesborough.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 23, 1863 - Federal artillery bombardment and dispersal of Confederate camps
near Chattanooga
HDQRS. FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga,
September 23, 1863—12.30 p. m. Brig.-Gen. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
I have the honor to report that it is reported by the officer commanding the
pickets, the shells thrown from the fort this morning fell into the rebel camps
and broke them up. Although the report to me is not strictly official, I have no
doubt that general confusion was produced in their camp, and therefore
respectfully suggest that Col. Minty be sent out on a reconnaissance in that
direction to ascertain the true state of affairs.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. H. THOMAS, Maj.-Gen., U. S. Volunteers, Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 795.
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September 23, 1863
September 23, 1863 - Federal patrols, Williams' Island along Tennessee River in the direction of Jasper
HDQRS. CHIEF OF CAVALRY, DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND,
Island Ferry, Tenn., September 23, 1863.
Col. E. M. MCCOOK, Comdg. First Cavalry Division:
COL.: The general commanding directs that instead of sending the three companies down the river to patrol, as I just ordered, you send a small regiment
down, to take post somewhere in the vicinity of Williams' Island, with orders to
patrol down the river till they meet the patrol coming up from the direction of
Jasper. The general suggests either the Fourth or Fifth Kentucky. When the
regiment gets down there, let the two companies now down return. Order the
commanding officer of the regiment to report here for instructions before starting.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. H. SINCLAIR, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 806.
September 23, 1863 - Forrest demands surrender of U. S. forces on Lookout Mountain
LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, September 23, 1863—6.20 p. m.
Capt. MERRILL:
Gen. Forrest has demanded the surrender of the U. S. forces on the mountain.
The colonel commanding told him he never would surrender. There is a division of cavalry reported on mountain with one battery, a division of infantry on
the Rossville road. I write from here.
H. W. HOWGATE, Lieut. and Acting Signal Officer.
SEPTEMBER 23, 1863.
Assistant Adjutant-Gen. TREWHITT:
We are ordered to surrender by Forrest's command immediately. They are
under flag of truce near our pickets.
WM. CROSS, Col., Comdg.
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., THIRD DIV., RESERVE CORPS, Mouth Battle
Creek, September 23, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. ROSECRANS:
There are six or eight regiments of Forrest's cavalry advancing on us in front
on the mountain, and a force said to be in the rear, and Forrest's cavalry has
demanded an immediate surrender. Col. Cross on the mountain.
Respectfully,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 205
September 23, 1863
J. G. SPEARS, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 808.
September 23, 1863 - Major-General Burnside's situation report to President Abraham Lincoln
CARTER'S STATION, TENN., September 23, 1863.
(Received 10, 30 a. m., 25th.)
His Excellency A. LINCOLN, President United States:
Your dispatch of the 21st is received, and the order shall be obeyed at once.
Every available man shall be concentrated at the point you direct, and with as
little delay as possible. We hold this road effectually to this point, and have
driven the enemy within a few miles of Virginia and probably into Virginia. I
am now waiting for reports from the front so that I can definitely report to you
the position of our advance.
One of our cavalry brigades had a sharp fight yesterday at Blountville, in
which the enemy were beaten and dispersed. I will telegraph the particulars
this evening or to-morrow. The main body of the troops are now moving in the
direction your order indicates. The bridge at this place is burned, and I suppose
the one over the Holston at Union Station is also burned. That is the extreme
point that I was ordered by Gen. Halleck to hold. I leave for Knoxville very
soon, and will try to telegraph you from there early tomorrow morning. Nearly
40 miles of the distance has to be made on horseback, owing to the burning of
some small bridges between Greeneville and Jonesborough, which I hope to
have repaired very soon. I shall leave force enough in this neighborhood to, in
all probability, hold this section until the citizens can be armed. The entire
country is Union up to the line of the Watauga River. Sevier County is entirely
rebellious. I hoped to have been able to have accomplished one very important
piece of work within forty-eight hours, but the receipt of your order will delay
it. But I do not for a moment doubt the wisdom of the order. You may be sure I
will use all possible dispatch in carrying it out. The news from Rosecrans is
rather discouraging, but I sincerely hope and believe that he will be able to
hold his position until such re-enforcements as you have ordered to him can
arrive.
Our cavalry, under Gen. Shackelford, has been continually in contact with the
enemy, driving them all the time. Col. Carter's brigade has been moving along
line of railroad, and Col. Foster has been on the flank. He whipped the enemy
very handsomely, both at Blountville and Bristol. We have thus far captured
but four pieces of artillery and but few prisoners. I hope direct telegraph communication will be opened with you to-morrow.
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 808-809.
Page 206 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 23, 1863
September 23, 1863 - A Wisconsin soldier's account of the battle of Chickamauga
Chattanooga Tenn.
Sept. 23rd 1863
Dear friend,
Before you receive this letter you will probably have heard of the great battle
in which, the Army of the Cumberland has participated. You will learn also
that the 21st Wis. has been engaged and lost heavily. I improve this, my first
opportunity, to confirm the above report, and to inform you that I have again
passed through the storm unharmed.
This terrible battle (the name of which I am not yet informed) commenced on
the morning of the 19th and raged furiously for two days. I don't know the
extent of our loss, but it has been very heavy. Our regiment went into the fight
with 250 men, we have now 131. We may hear from a few more but I think not
as there was few if any stragglers from my company, four of whom I know to
be badly wounded, the others, including Lieut. Watson, are prisoners. Lt. Col.
Hobart and our adjutant are among the missing. All other regiments which I
have seen have suffered on an average about the same as ours, some of them
worse. The battle commenced about eight miles from here, our forces have
fallen back to this place and are fortifying here. The enemy have received
heavy reinforcements, are said to have 130,000. We are expecting reinforcements, and we must hold this position until they arrive. It is though that the
confederates have lost nearly two men to our one, though they have beaten us
in taking prisoners. I was sent here with my company in charge of confederate
prisoners on the second day of the fight by order of Gen. Thomas. Our regiment did hard fighting while we were gone, consequently some of the companies were worse cut up than ours, though in coming to the city we barely
escaped capture, company, prisoners and all. Company "G" is now larger than
any two in the regiment, and I am second ranking officer present and the
responsibility as commander of the regiment may fall upon me at any hour. I
feel that I cannot too fervently express my thanks to the great God of battles for
shielding me from the sad fate of so many of my noble comrades.
The boys are hard at work and I must close.
Truly Yours,
J. M. Randall
James M. Randall Diary
September 23, 1863 - Stuck in the Middle Tennessee Mud
A HARD ROAD TO TRAVEL - The roads in Tennessee are described in a soldier's letter as so bad that during Rosecrans' march from Manchester to Tullahoma, a cavalry horse sunk so deep in the mire he could not move. The rider
dare not dismount, or he, too, would mire, so there he remained, an object of
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 207
September 23, 1863
warning, pithy and derision to the whole army as it marched past. The next day
Gen. Rosecrans and his staff passed, and taking pithy on the luckless soldier,
sent on a pontoon train from Manchester, and had a bridge built, when both of
the horse and rider were extricated.
Memphis Bulletin, September 23, 1863.
September 23, 1863 - October 6, 1863 - Use of signal rockets by Federal army, Chattanooga
environs
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
September 23. 1863 Capt. J. MERRILL:
The general commanding wishes rockets by which signals can be made along
our whole line. He desires to see you upon this subject at once.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. P. DROUILLARD, Capt. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 793.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 23, 1863—10.40 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE H. THOMAS, Comdg. Fourteenth Army Corps:
GEN.: The following code is established for signal by rockets from outposts:
One red rocket denotes the approach of the enemy with infantry; one white
rocket denotes their approach with cavalry; one red followed by one white
denotes their approach with artillery. Either of the above followed by a blue or
green rocket denotes that each of the above are represented. The general commanding directs that you send a supply of these rockets to the outposts on your
front immediately, under charge of a judicious and careful officer, with directions to watch the movements of the enemy with care, and if they advance in
force with infantry or infantry and artillery, to give the signal as above provided. Caution them to be careful not to fire the rockets unnecessarily, but still
not to delay the signal too long.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. GODDARD, Lieut.-Col. and assistant Adjutant-Gen.
(Copy to Maj.-Gen. McCook, Maj.-Gen. Crittenden, and Maj.-Gen. Granger.)
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 794.
HDQRS. TWENTY-FRIST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 24,
1863.
Brig. Gen. J. A. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
SIR: I have the honor to report that Gen. Hazen's report of his reconnaissance
was forward to department headquarters at 8 p. m. last evening, and I have
Page 208 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 23, 1863
before me Maj. Bond's receipt for the same. The cannon firing on my front was
not by my order, although I was present at most of it, and if it is the wish of the
general commanding that no cannon firing should be had during picket skirmishing, I will issue an order to that effect. I intended to state in my previous
note that the rockets were from my picket lines.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
T. L. CRITTENDEN, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 24, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. CRITTENDEN,
Comdg. Twenty-first Army Corps:
Your dispatch received. The general commanding regrets that there was any
cannon firing at all. You report a white rocket light; was not that from our own
line?
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. S. THOMAS, Capt. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 1016.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: See also: Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 850-851.
[CIRCULAR. ]
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
October 6, 1863.
The following amended code for signal by rockets for picket stations is prescribed, and will be substituted for that issued on the 23d ultimo:
One red rocket, approach of infantry; one white rocket, approach of cavalry;
one red followed quickly by one white, approach of artillery; two red in quick
succession, approach of mixed force, including all of the foregoing arms.
By command of Maj.-Gen. Rosecrans:
C. GODDARD, Lieut.-Col. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 125.
September 23, 1863 - Legal notice of attachment in Knox county
ATTACHMENT.
State of Tennessee, Knox County.-William Ledgerwood vs. Willilam Coupland-In this case it appearing that the defendant is indebted to the plaintiff, and
that the defendant so conceals himself that the ordinary process of the law cannot be served upon him, and that the plaintiff, on which the 23d day of Septem-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 209
September 24, 1863
ber, 1863, obtained an original attachment, for Knox county, and that the same
has been levied on the property of the defendant. It is therefore ordered that
publication be made for four consecutive weeks in Knoxville Bulletin requiring the said defendant to appear before me at my office in Knox county, Tenn.,
on the 8th day of April, 1864, and make his defence to said attachment or the
same will be taken for confessed and set for hearing ex parte.
Wm. R. Lammie, J. P.
Knoxville Daily Bulletin, October 13, 1863.
September 24, 1863 - Federal reconnaissance in force, Chattanooga
OR, Ser. I, Vol 30, pt. I, pp. 197-200.
September 24, 1863 - Skirmish at Zollicoffer
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 24, 1863 - Federal reconnoitering parties in search of Col. Forrest's and Richardson's forces in West Tennessee
CORINTH, September 24, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. HURLBUT:
The following dispatch just received from Col. Spencer:
Col. [Jesse?] Forrest with his regiment and six companies at the main ford of
Bear Creek. Roddey with remainder of his force at Courtland and Somerville.
E. A. CARR, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
CORINTH, September 24, 1863.
Col. H. BINMORE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
I have ordered out reconnoitering parties south from LaGrange, La Fayette,
Collierville, and Germantown.
Gen. Sweeny telegraphs that Richardson with 400 men crossed the railroad
near Saulsbury on Sunday last. Very doubtful news from Pontotoc is that a
large part of the force in that neighborhood has gone south. I wish to go to Pocahontas this afternoon to consolidate those regiments, and from there to Memphis to-morrow, if there is no objection.
E. A. CARR, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 811.
September 24, 1863 - Skirmishing near Chattanooga
HDQRS. TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS, On Picket Line near Chattanooga,
Page 210 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 24, 1863
September 24, 1863—1.45 p. m.
[Gen. GARFIELD:]
GEN.: The position occupied by Gen. Spears cannot now be retaken without a
strong assault in front and a turning maneuver by the left. The enemy have a
line of sharpshooters along the lower bluffs of the mountain, which compelled
the extreme skirmish line near and to the left of the railroad bridge to withdraw.
They have also a line of skirmishers on the left bank of Chattanooga Creek. A
battery properly posted on the opposite bank of the river and on the prolongation of the right of my line can sweep the face of Lookout Mountain and neutralize the effect of its occupancy by the enemy. The spirit of my orders has
been obeyed, and the mountain has not been assaulted, nor will it be without
further orders from the general commanding.
I am, respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. McD. McCOOK, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 822.
September 24, 1863 - Federal reconnaissances and skirmishing in Chattanooga environs
HDQRS. TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 24, 1863.
Brig. Gen. J. A. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
GEN.: I have the honor to report that a reconnaissance was made on my front
this afternoon by two strong regiments of the First Division, at the same time
the reconnaissances were made on the center and left. Rebel skirmishers or
pickets were found about a quarter of a mile in advance of my picket line, but
they retired before my skirmishers, firing but three or four shots. After moving
forward about half a mile in advance of my line, my skirmishers were fired on
from behind a small ridge by the enemy in line of battle. Their skirmishers had
rallied on this line. The strength of the rebel force could not be discovered, but
one regiment was seen in line, demonstrating the fact that the enemy in force is
in my immediate front. The reconnaissance was made in front of Davis and
Johnson. Several of my men were wounded.
Very respectfully,
A. McD. McCOOK, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 822.
HDQRS. TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 24, 1863—
9 p. m.
Capt. R. S. THOMS, Aide-de-Camp:
CAPT.: Your communication of this evening is received. A report of the reconnaissance in my front to-day has already been forwarded; also Gen. Sheridan's
report of the rebel firing from Lookout Mountain. The enemy have planted a
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 211
September 24, 1863
battery about one third the distance up the side of the mountain, from which
they are able to throw shells inside of my main lines without difficulty. They
threw quite a large number of shells to-day into the ground occupied by my
three divisions, but fortunately did no damage whatever. The enemy's guns are
10-pounder Parrotts.
Respectfully,
A. McD. McCOOK, Maj.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 822-823.
September 24, 1863 - Federal reconnaissance ordered in Harrison and Missionary Ridge
environs
HDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, September 24, 1863—2, 20 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. PALMER, Comdg. Second Division:
SIR: The general commanding directs that you make a reconnaissance with
one brigade to your front this afternoon, to ascertain the position and strength
of the enemy. Examine the country in the direction of Harrison and toward
Missionary Ridge. Push the reconnaissance only so far as is necessary to
accomplish the object of the reconnaissance, and to enable you to return before
or by dark.
Gen.'s Thomas and McCook also reconnoiter their front this afternoon. One
section of the artillery will accompany the reconnaissance.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
P. P. OLDERSHAW, Capt. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
[Indorsement.]
Brig. Gen. W. B. HAZEN:
You will execute this order. Look into the valley next the ridge and then incline
to the left along the corps front toward the river.
JOHN M. PALMER, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 826.
September 24, 1863 - Federal recapture of ferry boat in Chattanooga environs, Confederates
in Federal uniform
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 24, 1863—4.45 p. m.
Brig. Gen. W. C. WHITAKER:
Your report of the recapture of the ferry-boat is received. The general commanding directs you to take a sufficient force down to protect the crossing at
all hazards. I do not understand from your letter whether you wish spades sent
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 24, 1863
to you, or whether you can procure them on your side of the river. If you cannot get them there, send a detail here to carry them, and they can be borrowed
from some other command. The rifle-pits should be constructed at once.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. GODDARD, Lieut.-Col. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIV., RESERVE CORPS, Near Chattanooga,
September 24, 1863.
[Capt. S. B. MOE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:]
SIR: I have the honor to report that a body of rebels, clothed in Federal uniforms, approached the river this morning at the crossing near the base of Lookout Mountain, and succeeded in capturing the boat which was being moved to
a better position by a squad of 34 men, but the regiment which I had stationed
on this side at that point opened fire upon the rebels, and made it so hot as to
compel them to leave the boat, which I now have in my possession.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 827.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, September 24, 1863.
Col. C. GODDARD, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
We have the boat back again on our side. Our fire was so heavy that the rebels
left her, with their arms and baggage in her. They let the first boat pass, and she
is at the ford. The last one in passing they fired on as detailed in my first note.
They deceived our men, being dressed in our clothing. They looked so like our
soldiers that our men did not fire on them until they fired on us. I think they are
making serious preparations to pass here, but it is [guaranteed] if they do pass
it shall be by the skin of their teeth. I must have twenty spades to dig rifle-pits.
Fords are untenable on this side without them.
W. C. WHITAKER, Brig.-Gen., Comdg. North Side from Chattanooga.
When the rebels were driven from the boat, they retreated along the railroad
with the cars, which are filled with women.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 830.
September 24, 1863 - Confederate sharpshooters and artillery bombardment of Federal
positions in Chattanooga environs; need for picks, spades and axes
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIV., RESERVE CORPS, Near Chattanooga,
September 24, 1863.
[Capt. S. B. MOE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:]
~~~
During the evening the enemy have kept sharpshooters concealed among the
rock and brush on the slope of the mountain, who have kept up an annoying,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 213
September 24, 1863
though not a very accurate, fire at my officers and men. I left Col. Champion's
position about 5 o'clock this evening; have been compelled to return to this
point to execute the order received concerning the stragglers and discipline of
the troops and trains on this side of the river. Col. Champion is in command of
the troops at the ferry, with instructions to keep me thoroughly posted concerning the movement of the enemy.
Since the above, I have received three reports from the crossing, which you
will please find inclosed and marked A, B, and C, as received. I also inclose a
reportNOTE 1 of the effective force of my command. Attention is particularly
called to the reports from the ferry, as they are of immediate importance.
W. C. WHITAKER, Brig.-Gen.
[Inclosure A. ]
HDQRS. DETACHMENT FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, RESERVE
CORPS, September 24, 1863. Lieut. J. R. BOONE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
DEAR SIR: The enemy have succeeded in planting a battery of heavy 24pounder rifled guns in the earth-work on the east slope of Lookout Mountain,
completely commanding all the positions of our artillery. Their fire is very
accurate, four shot and shell striking very near the section of Aleshire's battery.
We have been looking for other positions and think we have found them, especially to command their battery, and also to command the ferry at the foot of
the mountain on the west side, but we must have picks and spades so as to
caseate our guns. Cannot a force of pioneers be sent us who have those tools?
The position of the section where my headquarters now are is particularly
untenable, and can hardly be made tenable at all, and in the event of having to
fall back, we would be badly exposed in retiring.
We have found a position commanding the ferry, but at longer range than from
my headquarters. Can I move that section to the new position? Without spades
and picks we can make no position secure. My whole force doing duty as pickets, divided into three reliefs, and if a force of pioneers with tools could be got,
it would help us very much.
If the ferry-boat can possibly be sent down the river to-night, had we not better
send it?
Please let me hear from you on all these points as soon as possible.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
THOS. E. CHAMPION, Col., Comdg.
[Inclosure B. ]
HDQRS. DETACHMENT FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, RESERVE
CORPS, September 24, 1863.
Lieut. J. R. BOONE, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
Page 214 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 24, 1863
SIR: The enemy are busily engaged chopping on the east slope of Lookout
Mountain and in moving artillery up the road. They are evidently massing their
artillery on that face of the mountain. They are also in possession of Lookout
Valley, and have a large number of teams and wagons there, and I think artillery. I am of the opinion they are planting a battery on the knoll west of Lookout Creek, so as to command the present position of our artillery protecting the
ferry. It is all important that we have the picks, spades, and axes, and a pioneer
force, if possible.
Very respectfully, &c.,
THOS. E. CHAMPION, Col., Comdg.
P. S. -Can you send me more artillery? We must have more artillery or we cannot compete with them.
T. E. C.
[Inclosure C. ]
SEPTEMBER 24, 1863.
Col. CHAMPION, Ninety-sixth Illinois Regt.:
SIR: I have the honor to make the following report:
This evening the enemy opened upon our guns bearing upon Lookout Mountain, with some 24-pounder rifled pieces stationed in the redoubts on the side
of the mountain. The cannonade lasted about twenty minutes, it being evidently intended by them to ascertain our position and also the range and effect
of their guns. These guns were served with such precision and accuracy, and
the range was proven so well [being tried at long distance on the batteries on
the other side of the river], as to leave no doubt of their ability to destroy any
artillery that we might bring against them with ease and in a very short time.
We have been forced to partly leave our position on this account. Since dark
they have been very busily engaged in chopping trees, and as there has been a
great amount of artillery taken up the side of the mountain this evening, and
lights constantly moving to and for, there is no doubt but that they are massing
artillery upon the mountain, which will give them the power to not only silence
what artillery force we may have, but also drive back the infantry, and thus
enable them to cross and take actual possession of the whole ridge on this side
of the river which they now command with their artillery.
In case it is considered necessary to hold this ridge, I think it can only be done
by sending an additional number of rifled cannon of long range there, to be
defended by such fortifications as can be hurriedly thrown up. There are or
may be made positions for three more batteries. At all events it will require
some more artillery, well supported by infantry, in order to hold this ridge,
which is really the key to Chattanooga. It will also require at least 100 men,
with spades, picks, and axes, to fortify these places so as to make them tenable.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 215
September 24, 1863
The works if begun may be completed possibly by the time the fog rises tomorrow morning. I would also report that there are no tools whatever in this
command.
Unless the position is strengthened immediately in the manner I have suggested, I think it will be impossible to hold the place tomorrow.
Respectfully submitted.
WM. H. COX, First Lieut. Tenth Indiana Battery.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 828-830.
NOTE 1: Not found.
September 24, 1863 - Federal reconnaissance and skirmish
HDQRS. FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 25, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff:
I have the honor to report that a reconnaissance from my corps was sent out
yesterday afternoon for the purpose of ascertaining the position and strength of
the enemy in our immediate front. Gen. Turchin, commanding Third Brigade,
Fourth Division, came upon the enemy's skirmishers at or near the burnt house
to the left of Negley's front, driving in their skirmishers to the woods in front.
Discovering the enemy advancing in two columns to the support of their pickets, and too strong for his force, he retired his command. His loss was 2 killed,
12 wounded, and 1 missing.
After nightfall the enemy's cavalry made an attack on our front with considerable force, but were handsomely repulsed. I have ascertained to-day from prisoners captured by Gen. Brannan that two divisions were advanced to the
support of a strong picket for the purpose of reconnoitering our position, and
find out whether we had evacuated the place or not. The cavalry advance when
they returned were well satisfied, and could give them all the information
desired.
Some prisoners have been taken by Gen. Brannan who were present in the
attack.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. H. THOMAS, Maj.-Gen., U. S. Volunteers, Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 848-849.
September 24, 1863 - Nocturnal Confederate cavalry attack repulsed
•See September 24, 1863--Federal reconnaissance and skirmish
Page 216 — September 1863
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September 24, 1863
September 24, 1863 - Nocturnal skirmish near Chattanooga
HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga,
E. Tenn., September 25, 1863.
Capt. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
SIR: A few minutes to 10 o'clock last evening a sharp picket fire was opened
on my right; with what particular division it commenced I am not informed.
My command promptly turned out under arms, prepared for action, supposing
a night attack was meditated by the enemy. In the course of thirty minutes from
the time it first commenced the firing extended leftward to my pickets, but they
were not at any time very seriously engaged, and maintained their position.
I dispatched a staff officer, shortly after the firing had commenced on my right,
to my pickets to examine their posting and order them to resist to the last. It is
impossible to determine from the developments on my front whether there was
any large force of the enemy near to me, but I am inclined to think it was small.
By 11 p. m. the firing had ceased. Fires had been lighted in front of my line
before the firing commenced, and I ordered them to be kept up during the
night. There was no firing either of guns or musketry from my solid line; the
picket firing was all. Two of my pickets lines to bring in the property of some
citizen. I incline to the opinion that the noise made by these wagons, in connection with the reconnaissance of the afternoon, may have had something to do
with the disturbances of the night.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen. of Volunteers, Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 851.
September 24, 1863 - "Jubilation of the Secesh;" news of the battle of Chickamauga reaches
Memphis
Never was the adage, "tis an ill wind that blows nobody good," better displayed
than upon the issue of our second edition yesterday evening, giving an account
of Rosecrans' late reverses. It was the first hour of genuine happiness enjoyed
by the secesh for three months. It was a drop of "honey of Hymettis," sweetening many a cup of bitterness swallowed by that unfortunate class since June. In
a stroll about 2 P. M., extending from Adams street to Union, we marked
groups at every corner and shop door and in every recess, poring over the
news. The scene was worthy the pencil of an artist. The different expressions
of countenance denoted the ill-concealed pleasure of the disloyal, and the chagrin of those who were expecting more favorable tidings from Old Rosy. Here
a cotton buyer, surrounded by a groups of his tribe; there a soldier reading
aloud to a dozen of his fellows. Papers were hurriedly bought and thrust into
the hands of country customers and many a secesh greenback or bit of postal
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 217
September 24, 1863
currency was invested in the laudable task of spreading abroad this first reverse
of Rosecrans. Much good may it do them. Their exultation will be brief.
Memphis Bulletin, September 24, 1863.
September 24, 1863 - Beginnings of the restoration of civil rule in Cheatham County
Union Meeting in Cheatham County.
At a meeting of the citizens of Cheatham county, on the 24th instant-Dr. Joseph
Hudson, in the chair, and A. J. Bright acting as secretary-the following resolutions, reported by a committee composed of Samuel Watton, Warren Jordan, A.
J. Crockett, B. F. Binkley, and John Forbes, were unanimously adopted:
Whereas, the civil war which has been desolating our land for the past two
years, has deprived the citizens of Cheatham county of all the benefits of selfgovernment, and has subjected us to the arbitrary rule of military power; and
whereas, an opportunity is now presented us of being restored to the enjoyment
of our rights of self-government: therefore;
Resolved, that we will embrace the opportunity offered us, by electing civil
officers for our county at the earliest practicable moment; and that B. F. Binkley, Warren Jordan, Samuel Watson, and A. J. Bright be appointed to carry
into effect the subject of this resolution;
Resolved, That we are in favor an early election of members to our Legislature,
and of a full performance by our State of all its duties as a member of the Federal Government.
Resolved, that we are in favor of the mildest and most conciliatory measures
toward the great mass of those now in rebellion, consistent with the permanent
restoration of the Union.
Memphis Bulletin, October 9, 1863.
September 24, 1863 - “Love and Desertion.”
What volumes are expressed in these brief words? And how our young lady
readers will start at the sight of them? We suspect that smelling bottles will be
drawn forth from among the paraphernalia of the toilette, as with eager expectations of some heart-rending denouement, they run their eyes down this column to learn how a young lady loved a young man, and how they young man
pretended to reciprocate her ardent affections, until she was carried away with
the sweet delusion of being loved by him. How, when her whole being was
bound up in his fate, that this heartless wretch with characteristic meanness,
left her all alone to mourn over blighted hoped. But wait ladies, not quite so
fast. The term "desertion" doesn't always mean desertion of lady's love's and
such is the case in the present instance. But we will proceed with our story:
Some time ago a fair-haired, bright-eyed son of Mars became acquainted with
a Southern maiden."He was fond, and she was fair." So of course they would
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 24, 1863
take a mutual interest in each other's fate. There was, however, one impediment, to their complete happiness: that was, he had some time before entered
into a contract with his Uncle Samuel, who demanded his services, and the
nature of his obligations was such that he could not well afford to serve two at
once. Besides, Uncle Samuel could not think of letting him off. His love for the
fair daughter of Secessia triumphed over his veneration for his Uncle Samuel,
so he left the service of the aforesaid individual, to enjoy felicity with the fair
one. But Uncle Sam sent for him, and he was furnished with lodgings in the
Irving Block, where he will have ample time to reflect upon the folly of loving
"not wisely, but too well.
Memphis Bulletin, September 24, 1863.
September 24, 1863 - Skirmish and dispersal of guerrillas at Decherd
No circumstantial reports filed.
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, October
4, 1863.
Maj. [HORACE N. ] HOWLAND, Third Ohio Cavalry, Decherd:
Maj.: The major-general commanding desires to compliment you on your success in pursuing and punishing guerrillas on the 24th of September at Decherd.
I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. McMICHAEL, Maj. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 88.
September 24, 1863 - Guerrilla Activities in Hardeman County
The Brothers Street, and Guerrillas.
Murder of Galloway
Barbarous treatment of Rowland
A friend who has seen much of the hardships of war in Northern Mississippi,
forwards some items relative to the two noted robbers in Tippah county who
rejoice in the names of Solomon and Anderson Street. These fellow undertook
the role of dictator in that section, and in Hardeman county, Tennessee, adjoining. All the citizens being unarmed, they deprived them of their horses; and
they waylaid the road to the markets and burnt the cotton. If a wagoner had
escaped them, and sold his load, they robbed him on his return home.
In October last [1862], one of these miscreants met William Galloway, of Hardeman county, an able and much esteemed citizen with a load of cotton, and
ordered him to turn around and drive it to his (Street's) house. Galloway
refused to do so, and boldly told him he had no authority to command him.
Street replied that unless he was obeyed to order he would show him his
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 219
September 25, 1863
authority. Then Galloway threw open his breast and said, "Now is a good a
time as you will ever have." Street raised his gun and killed him upon the spot.
This is but one of a number of similar cases.
The murder of Edward Price was a shocking affair, and illustrates the character
of these men, who pretend to be commissioned officers in the Confederate
army. Price was shot down by Street near his own house, being entirely unconscious at the time that his enemy was near. It was Indian treachery, and the only
thing that distinguished it from their barbarisms was that the scalp was not
raised. All who know Street say that if there was a premium on scalps he would
lift them.
A single case, related by our correspondent, concerning the treatment of
women and children will suffice. January 4th last, Street made a charge upon
the house of D. B. Rowland, captured him, and sent him off to prison. There he
was incarcerated until the 18th of February, when he was released through the
solicitations of personal friends, and the fact of a man named Blackwell being
held at Bolivar, Tenn., as a hostage for him. No sooner had Mr. Rowland
returned home than Street arrested him again, carried off much of his family
clothing, and treated his family with shocking rudeness, while he was the second time in bonds. The hostage died in prison, and Rowland was ordered to
leave the Confederacy in ten days or forfeit his life. Street then stole the meat
wagon and all other moveable property, and the family is now within the Federal lines, deprived of everything they possessed.
Memphis Bulletin, September 29, 1863.
September 25, 1863 - Skirmish at Athens
No circumstantial reports filed.
ATHENS, [TENN.,] September 26, 1863-6 p. m.
SIR: I have fallen back near Athens, where I was re-enforced by Col. Wolford.
I think the enemy are in superior numbers, and, from the lay of the country and
number of roads, can flank us at almost [any] point.
I have checked them with the assistance of Col. Wolford, and the firing has
ceased.
There is no doubt but their force is far superior to ours.
R. K. BYRD, Col., &c.
ATHENS, [TENN.,] September 26, 1863.
SIR: After all firing had ceased, I supposed that the enemy had fallen back. We
then moved up to what we supposed a better position, half mile out of Athens,
when the enemy commenced pursuing again, and they are now trying to flank
us on both sides.
Think we will have to fall back upon Loudon.
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 25, 1863
R. K. BYRD, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 586-587.
September 25, 1863 - Skirmish at Calhoun
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 25.-. . . Byrd, at Calhoun, attacked by large force of the enemy.
Fought two hours, and retired to within 2 miles of Athens; joined by Col. Wolford. The enemy shortly appeared, when we attacked him and drove him back.
Fell back during the night to the conjunction of several roads at Philadelphia.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 25, 1863 - Skirmish at Charleston
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 25, 1863 - Frightened Federals
HDQRS. TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 25,
1863.
Maj.-Gen. PALMER, Comdg. Second Division:
GEN.: The general commanding was pained when he learned this morning
from the general commanding the army that soon after the picket firing commenced last evening there were many men seen to break to the rear, some
reaching the city and secreting themselves. Such men, although receiving the
pay and emoluments of United States soldiers, are not soldiers. This skulking
and retreating at the sound of the enemy's guns will hereafter be severely punished. Division commanders will issue such orders and enforce such regulations as will at least arrest the individual guilty of such misdemeanor, and hold
brigade commanders responsible for the detection and prevention of this great
evil.
By command of Maj.-Gen. Crittenden:
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 854.
September 25, 1863 - Spousal abuse in Memphis
Belligerent. These are war times any how, and if a man does happen to be a little belligerent, why it is not different from the attitudes of thousands, but when
a man forgets that he is a man, and makes a choice of a woman for his antago-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 221
September 25, 1863
nism, we think he should be deprived of the garments of our sex, boxed up and
sent away where "man ne'er went before."
Memphis Bulletin, September 25, 1863.
September 25, 1863 - Skirmish at Calhoun, Confederates retreat
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September
30, 1863.
~~~
September 25.-. . . Byrd, at Calhoun, attacked by large force of the enemy.
Fought two hours, and retired to within 2 miles of Athens; joined by Col. Wolford. The enemy shortly appeared, when we attacked him and drove him back.
Fell back during the night to the conjunction of several roads at Philadelphia.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 579.
September 25, 1863 - A Confederate cavalryman's letter to his mother in Memphis after the
battle of Chickamauga
Hd Qtrs in the Field
Near Chattanooga
Sept 25/63
Dearest Ma,
We have at least reached this place after a tiresome campaign of about three
weeks, and the hardest fought battle of the war. Thanks to Providence, I have
escaped without a scratch so far, but Genl Smith and two of his staff were
killed upon the field on the night of the 19th whilst leading a charge upon the
enemy's camp. We rode right into their lines before they discovered us, and
only some thirty guns were fire before the entire party, some four hundred surrendered. Capt John Donelson and Genl & Capt King Vol. ADC were killed at
once, and only two of us out of the five escaped.
The fighting had been the most desperate of the war during the day, my horse
was shot from under me and almost every officer in the brigade was dismounted. Richmond was killed on Sunday evening, just about the time the
enemy began to retreat. We drove him then from every one of his positions,
capturing about eight thousand prisoners, forty six pieces of artillery, and thirty
thousand stand of small arms and all of his hospitals. I had about thirty prisoners including a Major & Captain to surrender to me. We are now only about a
mile and a half from the enemy's works here and in full view of all the time, we
can see each other's flags and hear each other's music. Tonight we believe that
Chattanooga is being evacuated, we will have the place in a few days anyhow.
Page 222 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 26, 1863
Our loss has been about seven thousand, but the enemies much larger we think.
Very few of the Memphis boys have been killed. Duke Williams is unhurt. I
have only time dear Ma to hastily scribble you this tonight, for the man who
will carry it to West Tenn only let me know a few moments ago that he was
going early in the morning, and I am sitting in an ambulance writing whilst or
Brigade is lying in line of battle only a few yards in front of us. My paper,
envelope and stamp is some taken on the field after the fight was over. The
stamp comes in very good time. Genl Bragg says that we will follow the enemy
through Tennessee and I have no the least doubt but that we will make our winter quarters in Middle Town. We have an Army of seventy five thousand men
and are equal if not superior in number to the enemy.
Please tell Harlow to make me a pair of top boots and have them sent to me by
the first opportunity. Give my love to all dearest Ma and a kiss to the little ones
for me. This is all the paper I have tonight, so I am forced to crowd as much as
possible in a little space. I will write again as soon as possible.
Your affectionate son,
J. W. Harris.
Letters of Capt. John Harris.
September 25, 1863 - Confederate depredations in Columbia
Friday [Sept. 25th] night Capt. Williams & others of the Confe. arm burned my
house in the CedarsNOTE 1 near Colliers upon the act of Clark Wortham having
been move in to it, altho I never give Wortham leave to do[;] so they said nothing to me about it until it was over nor afterwards.
Diary of Nimrod Porter, October 2, 1863.
NOTE 1: The "Cedars" was a section of Maury County, on the Lewisburg Pike east
of Columbia.
September 26, 1863 - Skirmish at Calhoun
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 26, 1863 - Skirmish near Winchester
SEPTEMBER 26, 1863.-Skirmish near Winchester, Tenn.
Report of Col. J. Z. George, Fifth Mississippi Cavalry.
BOONSHILL, TENN., September 28, 1863.
SIR: I have been engaged under Col. Holman, who has been operating in Middle Tennessee under your orders. He has been captured, as perhaps you have
learned. He engaged the enemy near Winchester, Tenn., on the 26th instant,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 223
September 26, 1863
killing and capturing a considerable number; but the enemy having sent a considerable force to attack us in our rear, which resulted in the capture of Col.
Hollman, 2 lieutenants, and some 12 or 14 privates, the command is here without any person with proper authority to take command. I shall endeavor to hold
it together until I can hear from you or some other proper authority. The command is increasing rapidly both from volunteers and soldiers left behind on the
retreat of our army. I believe we will soon have a command of 1,500 or 2,000
good, effective men, mounted, armed with such arms as can be found through
the country. We are deficient in ammunition.
Your, most respectfully,
J. Z. GEORGE.
Gen. WHEELER.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 658-659.
September 26, 1863 - Federal orders prohibiting quartering of troops in houses of loyal citizens in Chattanooga without official permission
[CIRCULAR. ] HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 26, 1863.
No officer or other person not connected with department or corps headquarters or the post will be permitted to occupy houses within the city as quarters
without permission of the commanding general of the department. Such as
have his permission will not be permitted to select for themselves, but will
apply to the post quartermaster, who will assign them such as may be at his disposal for such purposes. When the quartermaster desires the use of any private
dwelling, he will apply to the provost-marshal of the post, who will, if he
deems it proper, grant him the use of the same. All persons occupying dwelling-houses or other buildings will be held responsible that no injury is done
thereto. The provost-marshal will see that the families of loyal citizens are not
molested, and that their property is protected from seizure unless absolutely
necessary for public use, and then an invoice must be given to the owner of all
articles taken. The post commander will see that all persons occupying quarters
in contravention of this order vacate them at once.
By order of Maj.-Gen. Rosecrans
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 873-874.
September 26, 1863 - Skirmish at Chattanooga: Federals repulse Confederate attack on
pickets
HDQRS. FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 26,
1863—6.45 a. m.
Maj.-Gen. ROSECRANS, Comdg. Department of the Cumberland:
Page 224 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 26, 1863
GEN.: I have the honor to report that the enemy attacked the pickets of Gen.
Brannan's command at daylight this morning with infantry, and obliged them
to retire a short distance. The main attack appeared to be against Gen. Crittenden's right. Several prisoners were taken who report the force mostly from
Breckinridge's command, also that the main force of the enemy are camped on
Mission Ridge east of us. Our pickets have resumed their original position.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. H. THOMAS, Maj.-Gen., U. S. Volunteers.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 874.
September 26, 1863 - Skirmish near Chattanooga
HDQRS. FIRST DIVISION, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga,
September 26, 1863.
Capt. P. P. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
SIR: At early daylight this morning a light fire was opened on the advanced
sentinels of my picket line, but the force was, I think, very small, one which the
pickets could readily take care of.
I was on the parapet of the work during the firing and could only observe a few
shots coming out of the woods beyond the fields in front of the fort. My inspector-general visited the pickets during the firing and found them in good condition.
Respectfully, &c.
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen. of Volunteers, Comdg.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., SECOND DIV., 21ST ARMY CORPS, Redan Palmer,
September 26, 1863—8.30 a. m.
Capt. OLDERSHAW, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
The enemy's picket line was advanced this morning about 5 o'clock along the
front of this division, and also along those of the flanking division. Our skirmishers were re-enforced after having fallen back to the railway track in front
of our line, and drove the enemy's back, and re-established the line at its former
position at 6.40 a. m. The only casualty within my line at its former position at
6.40 a. m. The only casualty within my line or that of Col. Grose was the
wounding of Maj.-Gen. Palmer at one of the embrasures of my work. His
wound is a severe fleshy one, not dangerous, but will probably incapacitate
him from active service for some time. There were a few artillery shots from
our work on right during the skirmish. The cutting away of the timber within
my picket line and opposite my front beyond railway embankment is absolutely necessary to the security of my position from enemy's sharpshooters.
This will be done if axes can be had to-day.
Very truly,
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 225
September 26, 1863
CHARLES CRUFT, Brig.-Gen., Comdg. Brigade.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 876.
September 26, 1863 - Provost Marshal, Third Division, Twenty First Army Corps, to kill all
stragglers and skulkers
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISISON, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Camp,
Chattanooga, September 26, 1863—10.30 a. m.
Lieut. Col. LYNE STARLING,
Chief of Staff, Twenty-first Army Corps:
****
My provost-guard is stationed in rear of my division, and will capture or kill
any one attempting to straggle or skulk. Thus far, I believe, there has been no
straggling or skulking in my division.
Very respectfully,
H. P. VAN CLEVE, Brig.-Gen., Comdg. Division.
P. S. -No rebel line of battle of any account seen in my front at this hour.
H. P. V.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 876.
September 26, 1863 - Federal forces raze bridge over the Watauga
HDQRS. DEPT. WESTERN VIRGINIA AND EAST TENNESSEE, Zollicoffer, Tenn., September 27, 1863.
His Excellency President DAVIS, Richmond:
My cavalry is moving this morning to Jonesborough, and two brigades of
infantry to Watauga bridge, which I am informed was totally destroyed by the
enemy last night. . . I have information that a large cavalry force. . . will probably move to strike the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. When Gen. Ransom
arrives I will, if your approve it, go myself to Dublin and north of it to attend to
matters in that quarter, which, I think, require immediate attention. If the
enemy is moving from the Kanawha I will not advance farther than Jonesborough unless you direct me to do so. I shall be glad to have your answer as soon
as practicable.
SAM. JONES, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 709.
Page 226 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 26, 1863
September 26, 1863 - A Bolivar schoolgirl witnesses a skirmish between guerrillas and Federal cavalry near "the Springs" NOTE 1
We were all starting to the Springs to pay a visit [for] a few days when the Yankees came in and had a skirmish with about ten guerillas. The guerillas ran of
course, as they were but half armed, mounted and clothed, while the Yanks
were armed and equipped well and out numbered the guerillas three to one.
Diary of Sally Wendel Fentress.
NOTE 1: Perhaps Rogers Springs, about 12 miles south of Bolivar.
September 26, 1863 - September 29, 1863 - Foraging reconnaissance in Sequatchie Valley
CHATTANOOGA, TENN., September 29, 1863.
Col. W. J. PALMER:
COL.: In obedience to your request I have the honor to report that an abundance of forage exists in the Sequatchie (Hog Trough) Valley, there not having
been any forage trains in that section previous to the 26th day of September,
when I reached there with my train. The inhabitants living on the ridge
(Walden's) and in the valley (Sequatchie) report that corn is plentiful for a distance of 36 miles in length and 2 miles in breadth, the valley averaging 4 miles
wide. As in most cases, the people living on the ridge are Union, but in the valley rebel sympathizers are found. About 7 miles from Chattanooga there is a
gap in the mountain, through which wagon trains pass in going to Bridgeport
(over the Anderson road.) At this place I determined to cross, but in consequence of the large number of wagon trains crossing I discovered that I would
be likely to be detained for a long time, and therefore proceeded farther on to
another gap (commonly called Poe's road) 8 miles distant. It is a difficult road
to ascend, the grades are very steep, and in many places large rocks projecting
from the earth which jar the wagons; the distance from the foot to the top of the
ridge being 1 mile. On the top the road is good and level. The people are nearly
all Union, but poor, and all prayerfully hope for an early termination of the
war. But little forage exists on the mountain and farm pursuits are greatly
neglected. In descending the mountain into the valley (Sequatchie) the road is
fully as steep as the one leading into the Tennessee Valley, but smooth, and less
difficulty is experienced in ascending or descending, it being 1 1/2 miles from
the top of the ridge to its foot, where lives one Mr. Henson, a wealthy man and
a rebel. Out of his abundant corn-fields we loaded our wagons. Along the
entire route water is plenty and springs are everywhere abundant. It is 16 miles
from Chattanooga to Poe's Gap (or Poe's Tavern) and 11 miles from the foot of
the ridge on one side to the foot of the ridge on the other, making in all 27
miles from Chattanooga to the foot of the mountain on Poe's road in
Sequatchie Valley. The distance from Chattanooga to the top of Walden's
Ridge (8 1/2 miles) can be made in one day. From this point (the eastern brow)
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 227
September 27, 1863
wagons can go down, load up, and return over the mountain to Poe's Tavern at
the eastern foot in another day, and from Poe's Tavern they can return to Chattanooga in five hours, making for the round trip two and one-half days.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. S. CLARK, Capt. Co. E, 15th Regt. Pennsylvania Vol. Cavalry.
[Indorsement.]
HDQRS. ANDERSON CAVALRY, Chattanooga, September 30, 1863.
Respectfully forwarded for the information of the general commanding.
The report shows an abundance of corn in the Sequatchie Valley, extending for
36 miles in length and 2 miles in width, and accessible from Chattanooga by
the Poe road at present in two and a half days for a round trip.
WM. J. PALMER, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 928-929.
September 27, 1863 - Skirmish at Locke's Mill, near Moscow
SEPTEMBER 27, 1863.-Skirmish at Locke's Mill, near Moscow, Tenn.
Report of Col. Frank A. Kendrick, Second West Tennessee Infantry, African
Descent.
HDQRS. SECOND REGT. WEST TENN. INFTY. OF A. D., Moscow, Tenn.,
October 1, 1863.
SIR: I have the honor herewith to transmit the annexed report of a scouting
party which was sent out by me on the night of the 27th ultimo. One sergeant
and 10 men of the detachment of Sixth Tennessee Cavalry Volunteers, stationed here, left the lines at about 7 p. m., with instructions to patrol the roads
toward Somerville to the distance of 6 or 7 miles, and discovered nothing until
they arrived at Locke's Mill, about 4 miles out, where they met 2 boys, aged
about twelve and fifteen, respectively, who were acting as guides or advance of
a party of 7 guerrillas, who were about one-quarter mile behind. The sergeant
immediately formed his men across the road a little under the crest of the hill
and awaited their approach. The position of our men was such that they (guerrillas) advanced within about 60 yards, when the sergeant called halt and
immediately gave the command to fire, and 7 of the number discharged their
pieces at the approaching party, who immediately wheeled about and fled
toward Somerville, our men not pursuing, but advanced to where they were
when our men fired, and found one man mortally wounded, the ball taking
effect in the right side under the lower ribs and passed through his body, coming out at the left of the spine.
At daylight on Monday morning Lieut. Smith (acting adjutant), with 20 cavalry, went out there, and found that a citizen living near had taken the wounded
man to his house, where he died during the night, and from papers and his
Page 228 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 27, 1863
memorandum, which Lieut. Smith brought in, he was Second Lieut. John T.
McNamee, Thirteenth Tennessee Regt. (rebel), and had been to Somerville visiting some friends, and was returning with 6 recruits on their way south.
McNamee's family reside at LaGrange, and from his papers and memorandum
has traveled through the country quite recently. He was paroled at Nashville,
Tenn., in January last.
From what I can learn of the position of our men, and with the knowledge of
the number who were coming, they should have captured the entire party, but
they did not bring the 2 boys in with them, but left the wounded man lying in
the road and returned directly to camp.
The papers and memoranda are herewith forwarded to you. [not included]
I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
FRANK A. KENDRICK, Col. Second West Tenn. Infantry, A. D., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 659-660.
September 27, 1863 - Skirmish at Athens
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 27, 1863 - Skirmish near Philadelphia,capture of Federals
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Major-General Henry W. Halleck, General -inChief, U. S. Army
HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, Washington, D. C., November 15, 1863.
~~~
After the battle of Chickamauga, when Gen. Rosecrans had fallen back to
Chattanooga the enemy pushed forward a column into East Tennessee to
threaten Burnside's position at Loudon, and to cover a cavalry raid upon Rosecrans' communications. Unfortunately, Gen. Burnside had occupied Philadelphia and other points on the south side of the river with small garrisons. The
enemy surprised some of these forces, and captured 6 guns, 50 wagons, and
some 600 or 700 prisoners. The remainder retreated to Loudon, and succeeded
in holding the crossing of the river. In the meantime, Jones had moved down
on the north side of the Holston River to Rogersville, with some 3,500 cavalry,
and surprised our garrison at that place, capturing 4 pieces of artillery, 36 wagons, and 650 men.
~~~
H. W. HALLECK, Gen.-in-Chief.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 546.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 229
September 27, 1863
September 27, 1863 - Request by Colonel William B. Stokes, 5th Tennessee (U. S. ) Cavalry
to counter Confederate guerrilla activities in DeKalb, Warren, Smith and
Wilson counties
HDQRS. FIFTH TENNESSEE CAVALRY, Camp Crook, Bridgeport, Ala.,
September 27, 1863.
Col. C. GODDARD, Asst. Adjt. Gen., Dept. of the Cumberland:
Having learned from reliable sources that Col. Murray, with 500 men, is prowling around in the counties of DeKalb, Warren, Smith, and Wilson, committing
depredations upon Union families which for barbarity and cruelty have had no
parallel in this campaign, I respectfully ask that my command may be ordered
to McMinnville or Carthage, to relieve the cavalry forces stationed at either
point. The forces stationed at these points are unacquainted with that country,
while my men have a perfect knowledge of every crossroad and by-path
throughout that section. My only desire to be ordered to one of the points is for
the good of the service. I could render more good for the service of stationed at
one of these points, while the cavalry I would relieve could be as beneficial as
myself if here. The inhabitants of the counties named are almost unanimously
loyal, having sent more men in loyal Tennessee regiments than any other four
counties in Middle Tennessee, and in justice to themselves they ought to be
protected in their loyalty to their Government. Murray and his men, having
every advantage of a perfect knowledge of the country, keep out of the way of
the cavalry now in that country. They have not only stolen property, insulted
ladies, but have even murdered loyal men. They have stolen all my stock, have
attempted to burn my house, insulted my family, fired on my wife, and committed the most heathenish outrages ever heard of. While I could render important service, if stationed there, the cavalry I would relieve could be as useful
here. If I am allowed to go to either of these points I pledge my all that I will
clear the country of all rebels. I earnestly request that Companies C and H of
this command, now stationed at Decherd and Tullahoma, respectively be
ordered to join this portion of the regiment. It is the desire of the officers and
men to do so, and as they are of little benefit where they are. I respectfully urge
that they be ordered to join me at once. While I would willingly join Gen.
Crook in the front, I feel it is my duty to protect the families of my men.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. B. STOKES, Col., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 900-901.
September 27, 1863 - Increased Federal security at railroad bridges in West Tennessee
SAULSBURY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1863
Colonel MERSY, Pocahontas:
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 27, 1863
All the trestles on my part of the railroad will be guarded to-night. One of my
companies killed a guerrilla last night at a railroad crossing 2 miles east of this.
His name is John E. Himes; is known to be one of the worst of White's gang;
he had $1,368 in Confederate money on his person; his horse was killed also.
Respectfully,
JAS. F. DRISH, Lieut.-Col., Comdg.
MEMPHIS, September 28, 1863.
Comdg. Officers along the Railroad:
Notify your troops to watch carefully every bridge and trestle, and to see that
they are perfectly secure for the passage of trains with troops. Examine each
several times a day.
E. A. CARR.
LAGRANGE, September 28, 1863.
COMDG. OFFICER, Pocahontas:
See that the troops of your command stationed at or near bridges keep a vigilant watch of the same by examining them closely several times during the day
and night. Trains loaded with troops will be passing for some time to come.
T. W. SWEENY, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 909-910.
September 27, 1863 - "News from East Tennessee."
Correspondence from the Cincinnati Commercial.
Knoxville, Tenn., Sept. 27, 1863
Col. * * * late yesterday afternoon fell back before the cavalry force of Scott
and Pegram, from Calhoun to Athens.
Our information from Rosecrans is still very meagre. The * * * Army Corps is
moving Southward, as if with the intention of going to his assistance. From the
Rebels of Southwestern Virginia we have nothing whatever to fear, as one brigade of mounted men is able at all times to keep the whole force of Sam Jones
in check. In fact they are not worthy of being considered in summing up the situation, and have a vast deal more attention bestowed upon them than they
deserve.
Gen. Burnside is here, and spends the most of his time at the side of the telegraph instrument, by means of which he keeps his eye upon his extended line
from Catlett's to Athens. Gen. Shackelford is also in town today, but he expects
to go * * * * forward tomorrow or next day.
One the element in the situation deserves especial mention, and that is the loyal
East Tennesseeans. Under General Orders No. 15,NOTE 1 the entire loyal popu-
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 231
September 27, 1863
lation is being made an auxiliary of the most powerful kind. In this portion of
the State the organization has been effected so that now the number armed and
ready for service is fully fifteen thousand. In addition to the National Guard for
home defence, large numbers are enlisting in the volunteer service. Col. Crawford, who is forming an artillery regiment gets recruits as fast as he can provide
for them, having already procured eight hundred, and on yesterday [26th]
alone, Lieutenant Colonel Brownlow received seventy six for his regiment, the
Ninth Tennessee Cavalry. This is very encouraging, as showing that the mass
of the people of East Tennessee are ready to do something more than talk for
their country. While this is true of the great body, there are many of the leading
men of Knoxville who are indulging in a Northern copperhead species of
Unionism. The Bulletin has been discussing the everlasting nigger questions,
telling them in plain words that slavery is dead. They did not like it; they complained to Provost Marshals, to Adjutant Generals, to Generals themselves,
that the country was not ready for this sort of thing; but the Bulletin kept on
until it had said all it had to say on the subject.
It is fortunate for the country and East Tennessee that the days of the Baxters,
Nelsons, etc., are over. Mentioning [T. A. R] Nelson reminds me that he came
to Knoxville two days ago, but as yet has not defined his position in public.
You will recollect how the country wept over the letter that closed his public
career two years ago. Undoubtedly the ablest man in East Tennessee, and probably as honest as the majority of public men, it would be gratifying if he would
step out as a leader to the times; but I have idea that he will.
In East Tennessee, as in Kentucky, Ohio, and everywhere else, we have two
kinds of Union men-the genuine, who as General Schackelford expresses it,
stand by the Government, no matter what she does, and the false, who plead ifs
and buts.
I met in Col Gouling's [?] office, an hour or two ago, Mr. John. B. Hoxie, who
has been identified, for a number of years past, with
SOUTHERN RAILROADS
And is at present United States Superintendent of the Railroad coming into
Knoxville. Mr. Hoxie is thoroughly acquainted with the condition of all the
roads in the South, and is convinced that the main lines have about reached
their last gasp. The endurance of track, roadbed, and rolling stock has been
stretched to the utmost, and their facilities for repairing are so limited that the
roads can be of but little further service to the Confederacy. It is generally supposed that all the roads of the South are of the same gauge, but this is a mistake. The road running from Richmond to Charleston, via. Weldon, North
Carolina, [is] four inches narrower than the roads running from Richmond to
the South by way of Lynchburg and Knoxville. This fact now become important. Our seizure of the Knoxville Road has lessened by one-half their facilities
of communication between Richmond and the South. Their possession of
nearly all the rolling stock of the East Tennessee and Virginia and East Tennessee and Georgia roads will do them very little good, as note of it will fit the
Page 232 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 27, 1863
roads south from Richmond via Weldon. Mr. Hoxie is of the opinion that there
is not a main trunkline in the South than can hobble along for six months
longer, unless they get materials for repairing outside of the Confederacy.
Nashville Dispatch, October 8, 1863.
NOTE 1: The Cincinnati Commericial reporter had it wrong, it was General Orders,
No. 10, September 15, 1863. See above.
September 27, 1863 - September 28, 1863 - Skirmishing for control of the railroad near
Carter's Station
•See October 1, 1863--"News from East Tennessee."
September 27, 1863 - October 1, 1863 - Expedition from Corinth into West Tennessee
SEPTEMBER 27-OCTOBER 1, 1863.-Expedition from Corinth, Miss., into
West Tennessee, with Skirmish at Swallow Bluffs, Tenn. (September 30).
Report of Col. Richard Rowett, Seventh Illinois (mounted) Infantry.
HDQRS. SEVENTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, Corinth, Miss.,
October 2, 1863.
SIR: In compliance with instructions from headquarters Left Wing Sixteenth
Army Corps, I moved at 6 a. m., September 27, with Seventh Illinois Mounted
Infantry and Seventh Kansas Cavalry; in all, 575 men. When within 7 miles of
Purdy, on Purdy road, I found a detachment of Harrison's scouts, and after
deciding upon my route for that day, instructed the officer in charge of scouts
to go through to Col. Harrison, report my whereabouts, and send me messengers at Fort Hooker that night, giving me all the information he could gather,
that I might decide upon my course the next day. These messengers failed to
report. I consequently moved to Henderson, sending a portion of the command
by way of Montezuma and meeting at Mifflin, encamping at Mifflin that night
(28th).
Next morning, divided my command, sending a portion to Jack's Creek, and
proceeded with the rest by way of Beaver's Mills and across to the Lexington
road. Here, learning that a rebel force had moved toward the river, I pushed
forward on the Saltillo road and sent for the remainder of the command meeting me at Center Point and moving forward, encamped within 5 miles of Swallow Bluffs.
On the morning of the 30th, I took two squadrons of the Seventh Kansas and
three of the Seventh Illinois and moved to Swallow Bluffs, sending the remainder of the command on the road to Corinth.
When near the river I found a picket post that had just been relieved, and, moving cautiously toward the river, found a portion of Faulkner's command crossing the river. I engaged the squad left on this side, and, sending a company of
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 233
September 28, 1863
infantry down the river, succeeded in capturing Maj. Malone and 20 men. A
number of horses were tied on the opposite bank, and, finding it impracticable
to cross for them, I directed them to be shot, and succeeded in killing 20; others
were wounded and broke away. We killed and wounded 3 men on the opposite
bank.
My own loss was 1 killed and 2 severely wounded, all of the Seventh Kansas.
The total number of prisoners captured was 29, including 1 major and 1 adjutant.
Finding without doubt that Newsom had safely crossed the river two days
before, and still hearing nothing from Harrison, having also been out four days,
I returned to Corinth, arriving in camp 11 o'clock October 1, five days out.
Besides the prisoners, I captured and brought in 10 horses.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. ROWETT, Col. Seventh Illinois Infantry, Comdg. Expedition.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 662.NOTE 1
NOTE 1: Not listed in Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
September 28, 1863 - Skirmish at Buell's Ford
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 28, 1863 - Murder of Confederate recruiters in Macon County
HDQRS. DEPT. OF VIRGINIA AND NORTH CAROLINA, In the Field, September 9, 1864.
Maj.-Gen. HITCHCOCK, Agent for Exchange, Washington, D. C.:
GEN.: I forward you a copy of informal inquiries made by the Confederate
agent of exchange of me. Please at the earliest possible moment furnish me
with full official data by which I shall be able to make intelligent answers.
I think they can be advantageously used in my negotiations with the Confederate commissioner.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, &c.,
BENJ. F. BUTLER,
[Inclosure.]
Dr. Alexander Greenwood, recruiting in Macon County, Tenn., on the
28thNOTE 1 of September, 1863, with his friend Campbell, after capture were
shot, Campbell being killed and Greenwood badly wounded in the head and
arm broken. This was done by a regiment of Kentucky troops.
Page 234 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 28, 1863
~~~
OR, Ser. II, Vol. 7, p. 792.
NOTE 1: The report was made nearly a year after the fact, explaining the variance between the dates September 9, 1864 and September 28, 1863.
September 28, 1863 - Conflict between Federal Corps of Topographical Engineers and
Corps of Engineers
CHATTANOOGA, TENN. September 28, 1863.
Brig.-Gen. GARFIELD, Chief of Staff, Hdqrs. Department of the Cumberland:
GEN.: I would respectfully request from department headquarters a letter of
advice defining the exact relations which exist between Gen. Morton, chief
engineer of this department and myself the chief topographical engineer.
Of late on several occasions there has been some clashing in regard to mutual
authority and jurisdiction, which can easily be prevented if our relative positions are officially defined. To make matters clear I will begin at the time when
the Corps of Topographical Engineers was merged in the Corps of Engineers,
and all branches of the engineering service were placed under one head. This
occurred officially on the 3d of March of the present year. Previous to that
time, and, in fact, subsequent to it, the topographical department of this army
was a distinct branch and not under the control of the chief engineer. Capt.
Michler, the former chief topographical engineer, was relieved from duty in
this department by Special Field Orders, No. 146, May 29, 1863, and I was
ordered to take "his books, papers, orders, instructions, and all public property
in his possession."
It will be seen this that as Capt. Michler had remained independent of Gen.
Morton until he was relieved, and as I had no other orders or instructions than
those under which he was acting, that as far as this order was concerned, I was
still independent of the chief engineer. In view of the two corps having been
united and of the fact that I was and always had been an officer of engineers,
and had been acting under Gen. Morton as an engineer officer, I considered the
order of the 29th of May as insufficient, and accordingly I wrote and caused to
be issued the order of May 31, 1863, known as General Orders, No. 124, in
which I was announced "as engineer officer in charge of the topographical
department, reporting to Brig. Gen. J. St. C. Morton, chief engineer of the
department."
Some little difficulty arose at once in regard to Gen. Morton's jurisdiction over
the topographical engineers of the corps, divisions, and brigades of this army
from the fact that he had ordered them to report to him. This was settled by
Gen. Morton ordering them to report to me. Some conversation arose at headquarters between yourself, the general commanding, and myself, in which it
was settled that I was to have sole control and responsibility in regard to all
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 235
September 28, 1863
topographical duty, but that Gen. Morton could give me general topographical
duty, but that Gen. Morton could give me general orders and instructions. I
alone was to have control of the corps, division, and brigade topographical
engineers, and no interference was to be permitted between me and any subordinate of mine. All orders to them were to come through me. With this distinct
understanding, which I regret to say was never put in writing, such a precaution having been deemed unnecessary, I took charge of the topographical
office. I found the headquarters office almost destitute of assistants or means of
doing work, and the engineers of the different commands utterly ignorant of
what they were wanted for, and equally unstapled with means of doing anything. With great difficulty I have succeeded in establishing an efficient and
energetic office at headquarters, and have instructed and equipped the engineers in the field so that they now render good service to the army and the
country. Having done this much—and I can safely point to the record to sustain
me—I now request that I be freed from the interference of the chief engineer
between me and my subordinates. I have mentioned the matter several times to
him, but I cannot see that my doing so has been of any practical avail. I claim
that no one has a right to order my subordinates but myself, and that all orders
to them shall come through me. I think it hardly worth while to argue so obvious a principle military law, custom, and justice.
In reference to the present emergency, I am ready at any time to give my own
services, or those of any man under me, to any work the general commanding
may desire, but at the same time I insist on my right to be consulted and to be
the one who shall order my subordinates on other duty than that for which they
were appointed. I wish the general commanding to understand distinctly that I
wish to advance the interests of this army in every way possible, but that I feel
bound to protest against any and every attempt of the chief engineer to override
me or my subordinates.
I send in this communication at this time as I understood the chief engineer to
say to the general commanding that he proposed ordering all the topographical
engineers to report to him to-morrow morning for duty in directing the fortifications. No consultation was had with me, nor have I been requested to issue
the order. If the general commanding desires the topographical engineers to go
on such duty, I will most cheerfully and willingly issue such an order, but I earnestly protest against Gen. Morton doing so of his own authority and without
consulting me or having the order issued from my office. I trust the general
commanding will cause such instructions to be given in writing to the chief
engineer and to myself as will forever set at rest this annoying and most unfortunate conflict.
I am, general, respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. E. MERRILL, Capt. of Engineers, Chief Topographical Engineer.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt.; III, pp. 912-913.
Page 236 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 28, 1863
September 28, 1863 - Confederate sharpshooters' targets near Chattanooga
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS, Chattanooga, September 28, 1863.
Capt. E. A. OTIS, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
SIR: Our picket line has been undisturbed within the last twenty-four hours,
except by a few sharpshooters at a house and in trees; as is usual, they fire at
officers and bodies of men only. Two pieces of artillery were seen moving
through the woods yesterday. Last night about tattoo two bands were playing
and there was a great deal of cheering in the enemy's lines, convincing me that
the force was not so insignificant as I at first supposed. The pickets report that
speeches were made and caused the cheering.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
P. T. SWAINE, Col., 99th Ohio Vol. Infantry, Comdg. Advance Forces.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 916-917.
September 28, 1863 - Federal need for upholsterers and tailors to make mattresses for the
army's sick and wounded
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 28, 1863.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE H. THOMAS:
The major-general commanding directs that you detail from your command 20
men who understand upholstery or tailoring, to report to post quartermaster at
his place for temporary duty in making mattresses for the sick and wounded of
this army.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. McMICHAEL, Maj. and Assistant Adjutant-Gen.
(Copy to Maj.-Gen. McCook, Maj.-Gen. Crittenden, Maj.-Gen. Granger, and
Brig.-Gen. Mitchell.)
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 930.
September 28, 1863 - "EXPLOSION OF AMMUNITION AT THE LEVEE."
Yesterday morning, about half past eleven, as one of the caissons of the 4th
Ohio battery, belonging to General Osterhaus division, was being drawn up the
levee, a shell exploded, throwing the ammunition, parts of the carriage and
everything connected with it, in all directions, parts of them a very great distance. One of the horses attached to the carriage was severely injured, and a
team standing near was thrown completely off its feet.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 237
September 28, 1863
Three men were injured by the explosion, all of the 4th Ohio battery, as follows: H. Ekermeyer, wounded in and below the breast, probably fatally; Geo.
Shoubb, wounded in the head, and right leg, slightly; Mark Cowitz wounded in
left leg, severely. The wounded men were taken to the Union hospital where
they received every attention.
The report of the explosion was terrific, and it shook everything and everybody
in the vicinity. It is wonderful that with so much ammunition in the caisson and
especially considering the crowded state of the levee, that so few casualties
occurred.
Memphis Bulletin, September 29, 1863.
September 28, 1863 - Confederate cavalry driven in at Loudon
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Itinerary of the Twenty-third Army Corps, August 1-September 30, 1863.
****
September 28.--. . . . The Twelfth Kentucky left for Loudon. Carter fell back to
Henderson. Cavalry driven in at Loudon.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p.579.
September 28, 1863 - October 7, 1863 - "A Scout Among the Guerrillas."NOTE 1
On Monday last [Sept. 28th], a cavalry expedition, consisting of a detachment
from the Third and Captain Bunch's company, of the Ninth East Tennessee
Cavalry, all under command of Major A. C. Catlett, of the Third, left camp,
near this city for a scout among the hills of Davidson and Wilson. The command returned on Friday [Oct. 2], after a most eventful penetration of the
country between this Post and eight miles beyond Lebanon. Major Catlett
informs us that after getting ten miles from the city he began to scare up the
game, and from thence to the farthest point of the expedition he had an incessant race and dodge after the sneaking guerrillas. They were all driven before
him, and their fleetness and thorough acquaintance with the country enabled all
to escape save ten, who are represented as the most notorious characters in the
whole rebel guerrilla service, and whom it has been impossible for an entire
brigade to capture. The force under Major Catlett numbered one hundred and
seventy-five men, and the casualties throughout the four days amounted to the
slight wounding of one man at the hands of the rebels, and the breaking of
another's leg by the falling of his horse in a charge. The Major himself was
reported killed, but returned with only a bullet wound through his coat, and he
is as lively as a cricket and eager for another chase after the bushwhackers, for
which he will not lack the opportunity, as we understand. He narrates a good
many minor events of the expedition, which, of course, are not to be perpetu-
Page 238 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 29, 1863
ated in print but in memory's sanctuary. It is enough to say the posses a degree
of interest to the Major and his men, which time cannot obliterate. The people
of Wilson greeted the command with joy as their deliverers, and a deep Union
sentiment was found to exist in almost every neighborhood. From information
derived from prominent Union men, the major was apprised of the encampment of three hundred rebels about eight miles from Lebanon, and he was anxious to make a descent upon them. Learning that Lieut.-Col. Thornburg, of the
Fourth East Tennessee, was in the vicinity, with a detachment of cavalry from
Murfreesboro', Major Catlett tried to effect a junction of the forces, as by such
combination they could cope with and capture the rebel force. Failing in this,
on account of a movement of Col. Thornburg to the right instead of to the left,
as he had hoped, the Major was compelled reluctantly to withdraw his unequal
command and the rebels made their escape. The conduct of the troops was of
the utmost bravery and promptitude, and Major Catlett unqualifiedly extols the
valuable assistance rendered by Capt. Bunch and his dauntless company, while
he characterizes the courage and endurance of his men as all that could be
expected from veterans. The like success to the gallant Major in all further
operations, say we.
Nashville Daily Press, October 6, 1863.
NOTE 1: There is no record of these scouts in the OR or Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee. These kinds of newspaper reports, of course, were written with the
aim in mind to compliment the Union forces; nevertheless they do add more
to the knowledge of the kinds and numbers of military actions that took
place in Tennessee during the Civil War. It is an open question as to just how
much similar activity took place and was either not reported or passed over
by the editors of the OR in the 19th century.
September 29, 1863 - "The Sultana."
This splendid steamer, which has some of the best officers on the river, goes up
to-morrow evening. The gentlemanly agent, Mr. T. R. Kirdan, or his polite
assistant, Crochur, will always be on hand to sell tickets, and attend generally
to the wants of those going North.
Memphis Bulletin, September 29, 1863.
September 29, 1863 - Skirmish at Leesburg
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 29, 1863 - "Our Police Force."
We believe there are fifty policemen in the employ of the city, yet there are but
two kept on the levee at any time; and while we are about town quite late—
never getting home until one or two A. M. -we have not met one of the "stars"
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 239
September 29, 1863
on the street for many a day. It appears to us there should be more men on the
levee night and day, and that around town there should occasionally be seen
one of those to whom we may properly say, "Watchman, tell us of the night!"
Memphis Bulletin, September 29, 1863.
September 29, 1863 - Skirmish at Friendship Church
No circumstantial reports filed.
September 29, 1863 - Skirmish along the Tennessee River near Harrison, Tennessee
HDQRS. FIFTH KENTUCKY CAVALRY, September 29, 1863.
Maj. SINCLAIR, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
Maj.: Everything is now quiet on the river. About 5 o'clock this afternoon 13
men wearing (a part of them, that is) our uniform fired on my camp from the
opposite bank. No one was injured. The fire was returned, but probably with
little effect. They went on down the river and exchanged shots with our pickets.
Nothing else had occurred to-day.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. T. HOBLITZELL Lieut.-Col. Fifth Kentucky Cavalry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 940.
September 29, 1863 - Reconnaissance from Henderson on the main Jonesborough road, and
reconnaissance on Snap's Ferry road to Babb's Mill
HENDERSON, September 29, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. BURNSIDE:
I sent out a reconnaissance this morning on the main Jonesborough road, which
was met by a rebel force 11 miles from this place. I believe this force consisted
of about regiment of cavalry. Another force was sent out 5 miles on same road,
which returned at dark, but saw no enemy. I sent a party this morning across
Snaps' Ferry road to Babb's Mill, which intersects the main road leading to
Morristown, 19 miles from this place; they saw or heard nothing. I also sent a
party to Bull's Gap which has not returned.
I saw a reliable citizen from Hawkins County, who gave information which
confirmed your telegram of this morning.
JAS. P. T. CARTER.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 942.
Page 240 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 29, 1863
September 29, 1863 - Nathan Bedford Forrest's command in Cleveland
. . . Gen. Forrest is here now, two regiments of his cavalry are encamped at
the fair grounds. Four took tea here, we cooked a great many of their rations.
Had to turn off [i.e., " turn away"] quite a number.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman.
September 29, 1863 - "TERRIBLE ACCIDENT AT THE MAXWELL BARRACKS."
100 Confederate prisoners killed and Frightfully Wounded-Strange MeetingsIncidents, etc.
One of the most startling and fatal accidents occurred in our city yesterday that
we have ever been called upon to chronicle. The scene of the sad disaster, so
fraught with human suffering, was the unfinished building, situated on the corner of Church and Cherry streets, known as the Maxwell House, which is used
as a barracks for our soldiers. At the time of the accident, about 600 Confederate prisoners were confined there, in the upper or fifth story. At the signal for
breakfast, the prisoners rushed to the head of the stairs, on their way to the dining-room, all gaiety and thoughtlessness. The rush was so sudden and their
weight so great that the stairs gave way with a loud crash and 100 of the prisoners were suddenly precipitated, with a perfect avalanche of broken and scattering timbers, through two sets of flooring, to the third floor, where they
landed one quivering mass of bleeding, mangled humanity. Two (whose names
we have been unable to learn) were instantly killed, and the whole of them
more or less injured. Many of them were frightfully disfigured, having their
legs, arms or heads broken.
The news of the accident spread rapidly through the city, and in a short time the
streets in the vicinity were crowded with persons anxious to learn the extend of
the terrible affair.
Guards were immediately thrown around the building to prevent the unfortunate sufferers, who were now being removed from the wreck, from being
crowds. Ambulances were hurried to the spot, and the misguided and suffering
Confederates, who had braved the dangers of many a hard fought battle to be
maimed for life by an accident, were taken to the prison hospital. Here they
were attended by our surgeons and nurses with all the kind and tender care that
could have been shown a Federal soldier wounded under the Stats and Stripes
fighting for the Union. The secesh ladies also waited on them with an untiring
devotion that would reflect honor on a more righteous cause. One of the
injured prisoners, a mere stripling, who has been captured several times before,
remarked that he "would not care half so much if he had taken his breakfast."
In another part of the building were some Union refugees, lately arrived from
Northern Georgia. Upon the occurrence of the fatal accident, some of the men
rushed to the rescue among the foremost. One of them found among the sufferers three of his neighbors from Georgia, who had long since left their homes
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 241
September 29, 1863
for the rebel service. Another refugee found his son, who had been conscripted,
and of whom he had not heard in 16 months. A third encountered a brother
from Texas, from whom he had been separated eight years. Such are the sad
and impressive scenes, which can scarcely be called strange in this unnatural
war.
Though many of the prisoners were badly hurt and will be crippled for life, we
are told that not more than four or five are likely to die from the effects of their
injuries.
We will remark that the present efficient commander of the barracks, Capt.
Larkin, of the 89th Ohio, is in no way to blame for the accident, for he has frequently warned the inmates of the barrack against crowding around the stairways.
Below we give the names and the commands of the injured prisoners:NOTE 1
Nashville Daily Press, September 30, 1863.
NOTE 1: List omitted here.
September 29, 1863 - A Polemic from LaGrange
LETTER FROM LAGRANGE
Disastrous Consequences of Secession
Good Order and Discipline of the Troops.
Progress of the Strong Band.
LaGrange, Tenn., Sept. 25, 1863
Editor Bulletin:
A six weeks stay with the various divisions of the 16th army corps, stationed at
points along the railroad, has afforded me the opportunity of witnessing the
favor in which your patriotic and loyal paper is received by the soldiers, and I
venture to pen a few lines for its columns. A striking contrast between the
results of loyalty and secession is discernable even in this region, which is but
the fringe of the great veil of dissolution and ruin caused by secession.
The towns bear the marks of violence and wear, the robes of anarchy, the offspring of defiance to law and order. The practiced eye can see by the regularity
with which the parks surround the neat and comfortable residences, and the
taste displayed in arranging the paths around and through them, that industry,
aided by advancing and growing enterprise under the beneficial influences of
our national Constitution, once dwelt here. When the tempter entered this once
delightful, happy and prosperous Eden, in the form of secession, the ravages of
his foul work became at once evident. The wreck of this sojourn will remain
for many years a melancholy monument of how thoroughly he performed his
mission.
Page 242 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 29, 1863
A suppressed spirit pervaded the trade of the villages; improvement has fled
from every department that gives vitality to thriving towns and the tread of
men armed for the defense of the Union, and against treason and disloyalty, has
taken their place.
The camps now here command the notice of the visitor. The order which pervades these camps, and the neatness manifested in their arrangements, will not
fail to excite the admiration of the most fastidious. The universal promptness
attending the discharge of their duties, speaks loudly of their appreciation of
the position they occupy among the defenders of the Union. The general observance of the rules of discourse, the individual politeness of the officers, and of
the men, the respect paid by them to the Sabbath, are conclusive evidence of
the fallacy of the ideas generally entertained by parties at home, that the army
and demoralization are associates.
To those readers who may see your paper in the States, I would say that
depravity and military life are by no means relative terms. All regiments now
encamped here have distinguished themselves in each branch of the service,
which at some future time why be furnished your paper. The men are brave,
patriotic and true, they are in earnest when the strike for the Union, as the "fire
in the rear men" at home will find only when the soldiers return.
Numbers of officers and men have embraced the opportunity afforded them of
uniting with the Strong Band.NOTE 1 The rapidity of that spread of this patriotic
society in the army will keep pace with its enlargement in evil life. Between
these two wings of loyalty, secession must fall, and the cowardly traitors at
home, when the meet with the stalwart sons of the Union upon their return, will
fly to their caves and burrow, as the bats and owls when the eagle soars.
C.C. P.
Memphis Bulletin, September 29, 1863.
NOTE 1: This organization remains a mystery.
September 29, 1863 - Skirmish at Jonesborough
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Brig. Gen. John S. Williams, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, relative to the skirmish at Jonesborough, September
29, 1863.
HDQRS. CAVALRY BRIGADE, Abingdon, Va., October 23, 1863.
GEN.: I have the honor to submit the following brief account of the operations
of the troops under my command during the recent campaign in East Tennessee
from the time I left Zollicoffer, by your order, on September 27, to proceed to
Jonesborough, until the time of your arrival at Abingdon:
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 243
September 30, 1863
I moved from the neighborhood of Blountsville on September 28, and reached
Jonesborough the next morning at 8 o'clock, when we met the enemy's outpost,
which we attacked, capturing a portion of them, with the horses and equipments of the entire party. The enemy hastily threw himself into position, and
gave us battle on the wooded heights around Jonesborough. After two hours'
sharp fighting he gave way and fell back to Leesburg. Only a portion of the
forces on either side was engaged.
In this engagement the enemy had Gen. Carter's brigade of cavalry and
mounted infantry, 2, 700 strong. I had my cavalry brigade of only 1,500 men,
most of them raw and undisciplined troops, and fragments of absent commands. I received here a dispatch from you saying that the infantry had been
ordered up. My orders were to meet the infantry at Jonesborough, so I
encamped to await their arrival and shoe my horses.
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 639-640.
September 30, 1863 - Patrols in the Sequatchie Valley above Therman
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
September 30, 1863.
Maj. Gen. G. GRANGER:
The general commanding directs you to send Gen. Spears with his command
immediately to the Sequatchie Valley above Therman, to protect our line of
transportation. Instruct him to take a strong position, patrol the country above
him, and give any aid to the work of forwarding supplies that may be needed.
Should it be necessary he had better intrench himself.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. A. GARFIELD, Brig.-Gen. and Chief of Staff.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 971.
September 30, 1863 - Skirmish at Cotton Port Ford, Tennessee River
No circumstantial reports filed.
LOUDON, October 5, 1863.
Gen. BURNSIDE:
I respectfully state that the firing at Cotton Port took place on the morning of
September 30, and not in the evening; that it was first reported to me by Col.
Wolford in writing from the front, within two hours after it occurred, and that I
immediately forwarded to you by telegraph the following dispatch:
SEPTEMBER 30.
Gen. BURNSIDE:
Page 244 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 30, 1863
Col. Wolford informs that the firing which he reported this morning, and which
was supposed to be his advance engaged with the enemy, was below any of his
command, and is supposed to have been at Cotton Port, 15 miles below Athens, on the Tennessee River. He will move forward toward Athens.
J. WHITE, Brig.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 115.
Excerpt from the Report of Col. Eli Long, Fourth Ohio Cavalry, commanding
Second Brigade, relative to the skirmish at Cotton Port, September 30, 1863.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIGADE, SECOND DIVISION CAVALRY, Camp near
Maysville, Ala., October 20, 1863.
LIEUT.: In compliance with instructions received, I have the honor to submit
the following report of the part taken by my brigade in the pursuit of the rebel
cavalry under Gen. Wheeler, from the time this force crossed the Tennessee
River near Washington, Tenn., until they recrossed it near Rogersville, Ala. At
the time the enemy crossed the river on the morning of September 30, the
larger portion of my brigade was separated into detachments which were stationed along the river at the various fords. The enemy crossed a portion of
them above where one battalion of the First Ohio Cavalry, under Maj. Scott,
was stationed, and a portion of them at this place, first having fired on Maj.
Scott's battalion with canister and thrown him into some disorder. He, however, succeed in escaping from a large force of the enemy, by whom he was
almost entirely surrounded, and who had sent in a flag of truce demanding his
surrender, with the loss of some 15 men captured
~~~
OR, Ser. I, Vol. Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 690.
September 30, 1863 - Skirmish at Swallow Bluffs
•See September 27, 1863-October 1, 1863-Expedition from Corinth into West
Tennessee
September 30, 1863 - Scouting expedition, Chattanooga to Pikeville to Dunlap
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND, Chattanooga, September 30, 1863.
Capt. W. C. MOREAU:
The general commanding directs that you send your company out in the direction of Pikeville on a scouting expedition, establishing headquarters at or near
Dunlap, from which place you will send patrols to report everything that is
going on. Your command will report to the nearest military commander and
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 245
September 30, 1863
also directly to these headquarters fully and frequently everything that is going
on.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
FRANK S. BOND, Maj. and Aide-de-Camp.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, p. 948.
September 30, 1863 - Major-General A. E. Burnside's plan to end the war in East Tennessee
KNOXVILLE, TENN., September 30, 1863—2.20 p. m.
(Received 11.40 p. m.) Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
Gen.-in-chief:
My force is now concentrated and in readiness to move in accordance with
either of the following plans. Had I moved at once by brigades and divisions I
could have been of no material assistance to Rosecrans, and the detachments
would have been subjected to severe attack from a heavy body of the enemy's
cavalry that has been hanging on our flanks for some days below Loudon, and
has been kept at bay by our cavalry:
First plan: To abandon the railroad and East Tennessee, leaving the present
force at Cumberland Gap, and to move down with the remainder of the force,
say 20,000 men, on the north side of the Tennessee through Kingston, Washington, and Smith's Cross-Roads, and effect a junction with Rosecrans. I think
it would be disastrous to move half the force on the north side of the river,
leaving the other half on the south side as garrisons to be crushed in detail, as
will be the case if we attempt to hold East Tennessee with this movement.
Second: To move down along the line of the railroad as an independent force,
leaving a body of troops at Cumberland Gap, another body at Bull's Gap and
Rogersville to cover Cumberland Gap and watch the enemy in that part of the
State, and small garrisons at Knoxville and Loudon, and to attack the right
wing of the enemy about Cleveland, with, say, 15,000 men, acting in concert
with Rosecrans and according to his advice.
Third: To move on the south side of the Tennessee through Athens, Columbus,
and Benton, past the right flank of the enemy, sending a body of cavalry along
the railroad or on its west side, to threaten the enemy's flank and cover the
movements of the main body, which, consisting of 7,000 infantry and 5,000
cavalry, will move rapidly down the line of the East Tennessee and Georgia
Railroad to Dalton, destroying the enemy's communications; sending a cavalry
force to Rome to destroy the machinery, works, and powder-mills at that place,
the main body moving rapidly on the direct road to Atlanta, the railroad center,
thus entirely destroying the enemy's communications, and breaking up his
depots at once; thence moving to such point on the coast where cover can be
obtained as shall be agreed upon with you. It is proposed to take no trains, but
live upon the country and the supplies at the enemy's depots, destroying what
Page 246 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 30, 1863
we do not use. If followed by the enemy, as we undoubtedly shall be, Rosecrans will be relieved and enabled to advance and from superior celerity of
movement and destroying bridges, &c., in our rear, the chances of occupying
and injury from pursuit are in our favor. Our chief losses would probably be in
stragglers. I have received so little information of the position and force of
Rosecrans that it is proper that you should decide which of these plans would
be best, and therefore refer to you for decision. I am in favor of the third. All
the information we can derive from deserters and citizens from within their
lines shows that the enemy suffered very heavy loss and consider it a drawn
battle. If Rosecrans is in such position that he can hold his own until he
receives help from other quarters. I am satisfied we can hold this country and
do the enemy material harm by operating in the direction of the salt-works and
Lynchburg, which we were doing with fair chances of success when the President's order arrived. A heavy force of the enemy's infantry, artillery, and cavalry is pressing our forces down the railroad, and now occupy Jonesborough
and Greeneville. We will try to stop them at Bull's Gap. Inasmuch as we are
ready to move, the earliest possible answer is desirable.
A. E. BURNSIDE, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. III, pp. 954-955.
September 30, 1863 - Appointment of Nashville Aldermen and Councilmen
We learn from an advertisement in yesterday's Union that Gov. Johnson has
appointed the following named gentlemen "to hold and exercise the functions
of the respective officer in the Municipal Corporation of the city of Nashville,
to which his and their names are respectively attached." Believing the matter to
be one of general interest, we insert it for the benefit of our readers:
1st Ward-Alderman-John E. Newman
Councilmen-James Turner and John Caper
2d Ward-Alderman-Joseph J. Robb.
Councilmen-M. Southgate and A. . . Myers.
3d Ward-Alderman-G. A. J. Mayfield.
Councilmen-Andrew Anderson and A. McDaniel.
4th Ward-Alderman-H. G. Scovel.
Councilmen-L. B. Huff and Charles Sayers
5th Ward-Alderman, J. B. Knowles.
Councilmen-E. R. Glasscock and W. S. Cheatham.
6th Ward-Alderman-M. M. Brien
Councilmen-T. J. Yarbrough and Wm. Driver
7th Ward-Alderman-J. W. McReady and J. E. Rust.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 247
September 30, 1863
8th Ward-Alderman-Joseph Smith
Councilmen-L. D. Wheeler and Wm. Haily.
Nashville Daily Press, September 30, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - Providing domestic services for Confederate soldiers in Cleveland
. . . Aunt Phoebe [a slave] had been cooking and washing hard all day for soldiers, a great many have eaten here today. Cousin John Lea came in this eve, he
came this morn, intends remaining awhile at home, is afflicted with boils.
Diary of Myra Adelaide Inman, p. 210.
September 30, 1863 - "RELIGIOUS REVIVAL IN SHELBY COUNTY."
We learn from Rev. Thos. J. Hunt that the religious awakening to which we
alluded in the Bulletin last week, has gone on successfully, gaining strength
from day to day, until its close on the 28th. During this four weeks of steady
effort, eighty persons professed religion and joined the church. The devotional
exercises were principally conducted by Rev. Messrs. HUNT and KENNEDY,
of the Baptist, and Rev. Mr. SHELTON, of the Methodist churches. In common
with all lovers of peace and concord, we rejoice at these evidences of returning
reason on the part of the people.
Memphis Bulletin, September 30, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - "The Squirrels on the Square."
A most affecting friendship is springing up between these little jokers and
many of our soldiers. Like most friendships, however, it costs something. One
man in a hospital gown, spends five cents every morning in pandering to their
insatiable appetites. Another, whose left leg is at Corinth, is ruining himself on
almonds.
Memphis Bulletin, September 30, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - "Female Smugglers."
There were two females arrested and committed to the Irving Prison yesterday
evening. We always thought that ladies were willing to do a great deal and suffer many privations for love's sake, abut we were unwilling to believe that the
"dear creatures" were so easy to fall so desperately in love with "earthly trash"
as to undertake the task of evading the law to accumulate the "paltry stuff."
Memphis Bulletin, September 30, 1863.
Page 248 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 30, 1863
September 30, 1863 - "The Meeting of Business Men this Morning."
Once more we call the attention of our business men to the importance of a
Chamber of Commerce, properly supported and attended, in the city of Memphis. Just at this time, when trade is about to be made free again, and when the
order just issued by Gen. Grant, in regard to cotton, is about to crowd our bluff
and streets with that staple, just at such a juncture, it becomes particularly
important. We, therefore earnestly urge our business men to attend the meeting
called for 8 o'clock this morning, not only to take part in the election of officers, but to resuscitate the interest in, and usefulness of, the society. The hour is
one at which most men can be present, and there is no possible excuse for a
slim attendance. Then fail not, business men, to go to the Chamber of Commerce this morning.
Memphis Bulletin, September 30, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - "ANOTHER GUERRILLA OUTRAGE."
Cotton may be king, but in these latter days the power of the king is no sure
protection to his subjects. The fact is, the way of the cotton buyer, like that of
the transgressor, has come to be hard. Major B. B. Smith, certainly thought so
yesterday morning, when the guerrillas took and destroyed thirty-three bales of
the precious staple, relieved him of $525 in greenbacks, appropriated his hat,
boots and spurs, and sent him on his way-not rejoicing exactly, (unless it was
because they left him his breeches and shirt) but cursing guerrillas generally,
and particularly those interfering with the cotton trade. These facts, as we learn
them from the disconsolate Smith are as follows:
About nine o'clock yesterday morning, while coming toward town with the
cotton mentioned above, and while near Onland's place, on a cross road
between the Pigeon Roost and State line, he was surrounded by sixteen guerrillas, belonging to the 2d Missouri Col. McCullough, and commanded by Sergeants Blelock and Gross, who took possession of and burned his cotton, and
then robbed him of $525 in greenbacks, together with his hat, boots and spurs.
The teamsters who were drawing in the cotton for Mr. Smith were allowed to
depart with the teams unharmed.
Memphis Bulletin, October 1, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - "A FATAL SHOOTING AFFAIR."
We learn that as Mr. Wm. Wilson, who is a street cotton broker, was walking
along Hernando street, near Linden, yesterday morning, he was approached by
a person named Carter, a butcher keeping a stall in the North Memphis market,
who placed a pistol to the back of his head, and fired a shot which proved
instantly fatal. The cause of this attack is said to be a knowledge or belief on
the part of Carter in regard to a criminal connection between Wilson and his
wife.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 249
September 30, 1863
Last night, at eleven o'clock, a man calling himself T. E. R. Boldger, answering
to the description of Carter, was arrested by the Provost Marshal Guard, and is
now confined in the Irving Block. When arrested he was extremely anxious to
get off, and offered the guard two hundred dollars to release him. He told a
variety of stories, one of which was that he was the brother of a lady in South
Memphis, whose name or informant has forgotten, and when confronted by her
she positively denied all knowledge of him.
Memphis Bulletin, October 1, 1863.
The Carter-Wilson Shooting Affair—We learn that Mr. Carter gave himself up
to the civil authorities, acknowledging the shooting of Mr. Wilson, and so fully
exonerating Mr. Boldger that he was honorably discharged yesterday morning.
We were mistaken in stating that the shooting was occasioned by a criminal
connection of Wilson with Carter's wife. He is not a married man. It was his
sister's wrongs he thus endeavored to avenge.
Memphis Bulletin, October 2, 1863.
September 30, 1863 - "Terrible Tragedy in Tipton County."
We have learned the following particulars of a bloody affair in Tipton county,
between two of the oldest and most respectable citizens of that county.
On Wednesday last [30th], the Hon. A. W. Smith, late probate judge, and Mr.
Isaac Bledsoe, were sitting on the porch of the Townsend House in Covington,
when they began to joke each other about taking the oath of allegiance, each
having been within the Federal lines, and both strenuously denying that they
had taken the oath of allegiance.
For some time the talk went on quite good humouredly, as they were always
considered to be the very best of friends. At length Smith made some remarks,
at which Bledsoe took umbrage and rose to his feet, declaring that he would
slap Smith, which he did; whereupon, the latter drew his knife and struck Bledsoe in the thigh, the knife severing the femoral artery. Again he struck him; this
time in the breast, or side. We learn that Mr. Bledsoe expired from the effects
of his wounds the next day. This is one of the saddest occurrences which the
bitter feuds of the times have yet produced. They were both old citizens, both
have held official positions of honor and trust, and both were men well
advanced in life. We hope this occurrence may prove a warning to others.
Memphis Bulletin, October 4, 1863.
ca. September 30, 1863 - Capture of unauthorized Federal patrol
HDQRS. FIFTH KENTUCKY CAVALRY, On River Bank, 1/2 Mile below
Fourth Courier Post, October 1, 1863.
Maj. SINCLAIR, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
Page 250 — September 1863
TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 30, 1863
Maj.: I am encamped on the same ground I first selected. . . The men of my
command who crossed the river and were captured went without my permission or knowledge. Last night all passed off quietly, and nothing unusual has
occurred this morning.
I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. T. HOBLITZELL, Lieut.-Col. Fifth Kentucky Cavalry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 23.
September 30, 1863 - October 14, 1863 - Wheeler/Roddey's Raid on Rosecrans' communications: Reports of Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler, C. S. Army, and Brig. Gen.
George Crook, U. S. ArmyNOTE 1
SEPTEMBER 30-OCTOBER 17, 1863.-Wheeler and Roddey's Raid on Rosecrans' Communications.
SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS IN TENNESSEE.
September 30, 1863.-Skirmish at Cotton Port Ford, Tennessee River, Tenn.
October 1, 1863.-Skirmish at Mountain Gap, near Smith's Cross-Roads, Tenn.
2, 1863.-Skirmish at Pitt's Cross-Roads, Sequatchie Valley, Tenn.
2, 1863.-Skirmish at Anderson's Cross-Roads, Tenn.
2, 1863.-Skirmish on the Valley road, near Jasper, Tenn.
2, 1863.-Skirmish near Dunlap, Tenn.
3, 1863.-Affair at McMinnville, Tenn.
3, 1863.-Skirmish at Hill's Gap, near Beersheba, Tenn.
3, 1863.-Skirmishes near McMinnville, Tenn.
5, 1863.-Skirmish near Readyville, Tenn.
5, 1863.-Skirmish at Stone's River Railroad Bridge, near Murfreesborough, Tenn.
6, 1863.-Affair at Christiana, Tenn.
6, 1863.-Skirmish at Readyville, Tenn.
6, 1863.-Skirmish at Garrison's Creek, near Fosterville, Tenn.
6, 1863.-Skirmish at Wartrace, Tenn.
7, 1863.-Action at Farmington, Tenn.
7, 1863.-Skirmish at Sims' farm, near Shelbyville, Tenn.
9, 1863.-Affair at the Railroad Tunnel, near Cowan, Tenn.
9, 1863.-Skirmish at Sugar Creek, Tenn.
TENNESSEE CIVIL WAR SOURCEBOOK
September 1863 — Page 251
September 30, 1863
9, 1863.-Skirmish on Elk River, Tenn.
13-14, 1863.-Skirmishes at Fayetteville, Tenn.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, p. 663.
NOTE 1:
Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee refers to this as "Operations against
Wheeler's and Roddy's Raid on Rosecrans' Communications."
Report of Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Corps,
Army of Tennessee.
HDQRS. CAVALRY CORPS, October 30, 1863.
Colonel.: On the 29th [September], I received orders to cross the Tennessee
River with that portion of my command then with me (one brigade having been
left with the army) and three brigades which Gen. Forrest had been ordered to
send to me.
On the morning of the 30th [of September], I learned that these commands had
just arrived at a point about 20 miles from the point of crossing. I ordered them
to the latter place and proceeded there with the commands of Gen.'s Wharton
and Martin. The enemy had occupied the opposite bank and immediately concentrated a force nearly if not quite equal to our own to resist our crossing. This
force had followed me up the river, and I found that any point at which I should
attempt to cross could be reached as easily by them as by my command. Under
these circumstances, I determined to cross at the point I then was. The three
brigades from Gen. Forrest were mere skeletons, scarcely averaging 500 effective men each. These were badly armed, had but a small supply of ammunition,
and their horses were in horrible condition, having been marched continuously
for three days and nights without removing saddles. The men were worn out,
and without rations. The brigade commanders made most urgent protests
against their commands being called upon to move in this condition. With this
state of things, I allowed the worst horses to be returned to the rear, and, with
the remainder, crossed in the face of an enemy nearly as large as our own force.
We assailed and drove the enemy about 3 miles.
On the morning of November [October] 2, I reached Sequatchie Valley, and at
3 o'clock on the following morning [October 3] proceeded down toward Jasper
with about 1,500 men. After traveling about 10 miles we overtook and captured 32 six-mule wagons, which were destroyed. The mules were carried on
with the command.
On approaching Anderson's Cross-Roads, we were met by a considerable force
of cavalry, which we charged and drove before us. We here found a large train
of wagons, which proved to extend from the top of Walden's Ridge for a distance of 10 miles toward Jasper. This train was heavily loaded with ordnance,
quartermaster's, and commissary stores. The number of wagons was variously
estimated at from 800 to 1,500. No one saw, perhaps, more than half the train.
The quartermaster in charge of the train, as well as other employes, stated that
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TENNESSEE HISTORICAL COMMISSION
September 30, 1863
there were 800 six-mule wagons, besides a great number of sutler wagons. The
train was guarded by a brigade of cavalry in front and a brigade of cavalry in
rear, and on the flank, where we attacked, were stationed two regiments of
infantry. After a warm fight, the guards were defeated and driven off, leaving
the entire train in our possession. After selecting such mules and wagons as we
needed, we then destroyed the train by burning the wagons and sabering or
shooting the mules. During this work my pickets were driven in on both flanks
and my rear. Fortunately, the enemy was repulsed, and we remained undisturbed for eight hours and until our work was thoroughly accomplished. Just
before dark [October 3], as we were retiring, a large force of cavalry and infantry moved upon us from Stevenson, skirmishing with our rear until dark. During this, Gen. Martin, Col. Avery, and Lieut.-Col. Griffith were distinguished
for gallantry.
During the night [October 3], I moved over Cumberland Mountains, and early
next morning [October 4] joined Gen. Wharton near the foot of the mountains
and went forward to attack McMinnville. The enemy was pressing close
behind, but we succeeded in capturing the place with an enormous supply of
quartermaster's and commissary stores, with the fortifications and garrison,
which numbered 587 men, with arms, accouterments, &c.; 200 horses were
also captured.
The day and night [October 4] were occupied in destroying the stores, a locomotive and train of cars, and a bridge over Hickory Creek, such of the stores as
could be transported having been distributed to the command.
On the following day [October 5] we marched to Murfreesborough. After making a demonstration upon the place, we moved over, and, after a short fight,
captured a strong stockade guarding the railroad bridge over Stone's River,
with its garrison of 52 men. The day [October 5] was occupied in cutting down
the bridge and thoroughly burning the timber. We also burned the railroad ties
and track for 3 miles below the bridge.
The following day [October 6] we destroyed a train and a quantity of stores at
Christiana and Fosterville, and destroyed all the railroad bridges and trestles
between Murfreesborough and Wartrace, including all the large bridges at and
near the latter place, capturing the guards, &c. We also captured and destroyed
a large amount of stores of all kinds at Shelbyville, the enemy running from his
strong fortifications upon our approach. That night [October 6] I ordered
Davidson's division to encamp on Duck River near Warner's Bridge, Martin's
division 2 miles farther down, and Wharton's 2 miles below Martin's.
During the evening [October 6], I learned that the enemy, who had been
closely pursuing, had encamped near Frazier's farm. I immediately informed
Gen. Davidson of the position of the enemy, and directed him to keep the
enemy observed and to join me should the enemy move toward him. This order
was shortly after repeated with this modification, that he should move immediately to my position (Crowell's Mill). Unfortunately, he failed to comply with
this order, and on the following morning [October 7] was attacked by a supe-
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September 30, 1863
rior force of the enemy. I received two consecutive dispatches [following] from
Gen. Davidson which indicated that he was moving down Duck River, but on
questioning his couriers I ascertained that he was moving toward Farmington. I
immediately started at a trot toward Farmington with Martin's division, ordering Gen. Wharton and the wagons to follow me. I reached Farmington just in
time to place five regiments of Martin's command in position when the enemy
appeared. I had ordered Gen. Davidson to form in column by fours on the pike
and to charge the enemy when they were repulsed by Martin's division, Gen.
Davidson having officially reported to me that only three regiments of the
enemy had been seen during the day. The engagement commenced warmly, but
the enemy was soon repulsed. Gen. Davidson had failed to form as stated, and
instead had moved for some distance. The enemy soon after came up in strong
force with a division of infantry and a division of cavalry. We fought them with
great warmth for twenty minutes, when we charged the line and drove it back
for some distance. Gen. Wharton's column and our train having now passed,
and the object for which we fought being accomplished, we withdrew without
being followed by the enemy.
The enemy, in his own account of the fight, acknowledged a loss of 29 killed,
including 1 colonel, and 159 wounded.
My entire loss was less than one-fourth of the above figures.
A reconnaissance was made toward Columbia [October 7? 8?], which caused
the enemy to evacuate that place and destroy all their stores, including thirty
days' rations for the garrison. We then proceeded to the Tennessee River at
Muscle Shoals, the only fordable place on the river, where we crossed without
difficulty, the enemy reaching the river just after I had crossed. . .
~~~
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOS. WHEELER, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 722-725.
Report of Brig. Gen. George Crook. U. S. Army, commanding Second Cavalry
Division.
HDQRS. SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION, Maysville, Ala., November 5,
1863.
Maj.: I have the honor to report that on the 23d of September I was ordered by
the commanding general of the department to proceeded to Washington, Tenn.,
with my command, numbering about 2,000 effective men, for the purpose of
guarding the fords along the Tennessee River for a distance of some 50 miles.
The roads leading to the different fords and ferries were in many cases 5 miles
apart. Between these points there were practicable fords almost every half
mile. It was impossible to patrol along the bank of the river between these
roads, and to go from one to the other required us in many instances to make a
detour of 10 and even 15 miles.
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It was at one of these intermediate points that the enemy, dismounting his men,
crossed and established himself on the north bank of the river, with a force far
superior to mine, commanded by Maj.-Gen. Wheeler. I immediately informed
Gen. Rosecrans of the fact, who ordered me to gather all the cavalry and
mounted men and pursue the enemy, who had crossed the river for the purpose
of making a raid in the rear of our lines.
Learning the enemy was crossing Walden's Ridge opposite Smith's CrossRoads, I collected together the First and Second Brigades of my division, commanded respectively by Col.'s Minty and Lont, and Capt. Stokes' Board of
Trade battery, and ascended the mountain some 5 miles south of Smith's CrossRoads, directing Col. Miller, commanding brigade of mounted infantry, to join
me on top of the mountain that night; but he did not join me until near morning,
when I resumed the march, entering the Sequatchie Valley at Pitt's CrossRoads. Learned here that the enemy had divided his force, one portion under
Gen. Wharton ascending the Cumberland Mountains at Pikeville, while the
remainder, under Gen. Wheeler, had passed down the valley, and wound
ascend the mountain at Dunlap, concentrating at some point beyond the Cumberland Mountains and then move on McMinnville. I also found here that the
enemy had some fourteen hours the start of me. I took the intermediate road,
Robinson's Trace, and, although the mountain was very bad to ascend at this
place, I succeeded in getting up my entire command that night. Next morning,
after marching some 10 miles, I struck Wharton's trail where he came into the
Robinson Trace. I did not meet any of his force, except some stragglers, until I
arrived at the descent of the mountain, where he had left some sharpshooters to
oppose my advance, and drove them before me, they leaving 5 of their dead
and 1 wounded on the field.
After descending the mountain I found the country rocky and brushy, no place
for cavalry to operate. As soon as I could get my infantry down the mountain I
dismounted them, sending them so as to completely surround their force, holding my cavalry as a support. In this way I had Col. Crews' Texas brigade completely surrounded in a space not over 10 acres, my men under cover and his
exposed. My men poured several volleys into them, but by this time it had
become so dark we could not tell friend from foe. Under cover of darkness they
broke through my lines, my men not firing for fear of shooting each other. The
fight lasted for a couple of hours after night, the remainder of Martin's division
coming to Crews' support.
My loss was 46 killed and wounded. The enemy's loss is not definitely known.
We found some 10 of their dead close by the road, and a good many of their
wounded scattered along the road in houses. I pushed on after them early next
morning, and could not ascertain their loss. I left instructions with the citizens
to collect them and give them all proper attention. I saw nothing of the enemy
until within a couple of miles of McMinnville, where some of his scouts fired
into us.
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September 30, 1863
On arriving at McMinnville I found that the garrison had surrendered without
making any resistance. The enemy sacked the place, destroying a great deal of
public and private property, and left in the direction of Murfreesborough. I was
also informed by an intelligent Union man that he counted 4,000 of the enemy,
and saw enough more that he was unable to count to make up fully 6,000.
After leaving McMinnville I became satisfied, from the time occupied by his
force in passing a given point, he had between 5,000 and 6,000 men, my own
force at this time numbering about 3,500 effective men. I had not marched
more than 2 miles on the Murfreesborough road until I came upon his rear
guard, posted in the edge of a woods, who commenced skirmishing with my
advance. Being satisfied that the guard intended to detain us so that the main
body could march unmolested, I ordered Col. Long to send a regiment ahead to
make a saber charge. The Second Kentucky, Col. Nicholas commanding, with
Col. Long at their head, made a most gallant charge of some 5 miles, breaking
through his lines, killing and wounding several of his men, capturing 11 prisoners, and driving the remainder into the main column, compelling him to turn
round and give me fight.
When I arrived with the main column I found the enemy drawn up in line of
battle in the edge of a woods, a large field between us with high fences intervening. I dismounted my infantry, and with my artillery drove them out of the
woods, he forming in another thick jungle a short distance in the rear. The fight
lasted for two hours, until after dark, when I camped in the field. Here, again, I
was unable to ascertain the number of his killed and wounded, but left instructions for the citizens to collect them. I learned that it was the intention of the
enemy to take Murfreesborough and then go to La Vergne, destroying the railroad between these two points, and that he had sent squads of men who were
familiar with the country to destroy telegraphic communication between Murfreesborough and Nashville, which they succeeded in doing. I tried to get a dispatch through to the commanding officer at Murfreesborough to hold out until
I could get there, but the courier could not get through. At Readyville I crossed
over on to the Liberty pike, so as to get between them and La Vergne, and also
to prevent them from ambushing me on the road. By this move I drove them
off in the direction of Shelbyville. I found every person at Murfreesborough in
great consternation, and overjoyed to see us. They were momentarily expecting an attack from the enemy, and felt that their force was too weak to repel
him. I found here an officer of the Engineer Department who was very kind
and energetic, giving me all the assistance in his power. Through the want of
proper attention to duty on the part of the assistant quartermaster and commissary of subsistence, I was unable to procure anything for my men and horses
until nearly morning (although I had marched 41 miles that day and my men
had had no rations for five days), greatly retarding my march. The next night I
camped 2 miles beyond Guy's Gap.
From this point I sent my scouts in different directions, who brought prisoners
from the enemy's camp. Gen. Mitchell, with the First Cavalry Division, came
up with us here.
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Next morning I was ordered by him to march on the road to Farmington, south
of Duck River. About 3 miles from Shelbyville I found Davidson's division
encamped on Duck River, some 2 miles north of the road. The brigade of
mounted infantry being in the advance, and seeing the enemy's ranks in confusion, I ordered them to charge on horseback. They drove the enemy a short distance into a cedar thicket, and I then dismounted them. At the same time I
ordered Col. Long's brigade to the front, and, headed by Col. Long, it made a
most gallant saber charge, driving the enemy 3 miles, killing and capturing a
great many rebels. The enemy made another stand in a cedar thicket, where it
was impossible for the cavalry to operate in. I sent the mounted infantry to the
front as soon as possible, when they dislodged the enemy, who again made a
stand on the main road, and were driven from this point, falling back toward
Farmington, skirmishing as they retreated.
About three-fourths of a mile from Farmington I found him posted in force in a
dense cedar thicket. I at once dismounted my infantry, deploying them on each
side of the road. When I attacked Davidson's division in the morning, breaking
through it, part of his column went to the right. Fearing that it would turn my
flank I sent back instructions to Col. Minty, whose position was in the rear of
the column, to move to the right and anticipate them.
I supposed that Col. Minty had carried out my instructions, but when I arrived
at Farmington I learned from one of my staff officers, much to my chagrin and
surprise, that Col. Minty was not with me. The absence of Col. Minty and
some 500 men left at Murfreesborough, having been dismounted during the
march, left me but about 1,500 effective men.
Finding the enemy vastly superior to me, I left one regiment of cavalry to protect my rear, holding the other two regiments as a support to the infantry the
country being impracticable for the cavalry to operate in. The enemy's battery
was posted in the cedar thicket some 400 yards distant from me, pouring into
me a heavy fire of grape, canister, and shell, and made one or two charges on
my men, at the same time attempting to turn both of my flanks. At this critical
moment I ordered Capt. Stokes forward with his battery to operate upon the
enemy. He could only find position for one piece, which was in full view of
their battery, and not over 350 yards distant. They turned their fire from the
infantry on to Capt. Stokes' battery, mowing down his horses and men. The
captain sighted his own piece, and in three shots he disabled one of their
pieces, blowing up a caisson, and throwing their ranks into confusion.
At this moment, my infantry making a charge, broke through the enemy's line,
scattering them to the right and left, capturing four guns, some wagons, and
several prisoners. The enemy then being in an open country, I ordered Col.
Long to the front to make a saber charge, but they had the roads barricaded so
as to render it impossible. It now getting dark, I went into camp near Farmington.
Had Col. Minty, with his brigade, been there at the time the enemy broke, I
should have thrown him on the left flank, and as things turned out since, I
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September 30, 1863
would have captured a large portion of his command, together with all his artillery and transportation. I learned here that I fought Gen. Wheeler with his
entire command.
That night after the fighting had ceased, Col. Minty with his brigade came up,
stating that he had no orders to march with me. From this, together with a disposition manifested during the whole expedition to frustrate my designs in a
covert manner, I deprived him of his command and sent him to the rear.NOTE 1 I
sent my scouts out in different directions that night, and learned that a large
portion of the enemy had gone toward Pulaski. Being satisfied that they were
making for the Tennessee River, and that the portion cut off would join them
by other roads, I the next morning pursued them on the Pulaski road, reaching
that point that night. I found to-day that their retreat instead of a march was a
rout. Their rear guard left Pulaski as I came in sight of the town.
On this day's march I found that the night before a portion of those cut off
came into the road ahead of us at Lewisburg. On the march the next day,
another portion came into the road 6 miles south of Pulaski. I found that their
men were deserting and scattering over the country, and learned of a great
many wounded being left along the road and through the country.
The enemy left some two or three regiments at Sugar Creek, a strong position,
to oppose my advance; but instead of fighting them at long range as they
expected, I ordered a saber charge. The Fifth Iowa, Lieut.-Col. Patrick commanding, being in the advance, made a most gallant charge, breaking through
their lines, killing 10, wounding 9, capturing some 70 prisoners, and scattering
the remainder to the mountains.
From this [point] on I met with only a few stragglers on the road. When within
8 miles of the river, although my horses were very tired, I galloped most of the
way to the river, and there found that the enemy had crossed at a ford but little
known of, and just above Elk River, where 12 could cross abreast. I went into
camp at Rogersville, Gen. Mitchell, with the First Division, coming up that
night; and from that point I was ordered with the remainder of the cavalry to
Stevenson, via Huntsville.
On arriving at Huntsville, Gen. Mitchell, learning that the rebel general Roddey was passing in the direction of Winchester, ordered to Winchester, and
thence to this place. I have since learned that Gen. Lee, with 5,000 men,
reached Courtland the same day that Wheeler crossed the river. Roddey, with
about 1, 800 men, had crossed to the north bank of the river at Gunterville,
both he and Lee being ordered to join Wheeler, but the latter was driven out of
the State and across the river before a junction could be effected. I have since
learned that at Farmington the enemy left on the field 86 of their dead and 137
wounded, while many of their wounded were taken up by citizens through the
country, of which I have no account.
The loss of the enemy from the time they crossed the river near Washington
until they recrossed near Elk River, judging from the difference in the length of
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September 30, 1863
time their column [consumed] in coming in and going out, and other satisfactory evidence, I am fully satisfied is not less than 2,000 men. One entire regiment, the Fourth Alabama, deserted and scattered through the mountains.
My loss during the entire trip was 14 killed and 97 wounded. I regret to report
the death of the gallant Col. Monroe, of the One hundred and twenty-third Illinois, who fell while bravely leading on his regiment at the battle of Farmington.
It is hard to distinguish individual cases of bravery and gallantry, when all,
both officers and men, did so nobly. notwithstanding the fatigue and severe
hardships under which the men suffered-having but three days' rations In
twenty days, many of them nearly naked, and several times exposed to a cold,
drenching rain-yet they never complained, but were always cheerful and ever
ready to perform all duties required of them.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
GEORGE CROOK, Brig.-Gen., Comdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II, pp. 684-688.
NOTE 1: In February, 1864, Col. Minty was tried by general court-martial on charges
of "disobedience of orders" and "conduct subversive of good order and military discipline," and honorably acquitted. See General Orders, No. 36, Department of the Cumberland, February 28, 1864, OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. II,
p. 668.
~~~
We had had about 200 wagons. We returned over the same route we had come
[Bridgeport to the Sequatchie Valley]. Gen. Wheeler with his Confederate cavalry had crossed the Tennessee River, and happened to meet our train near
Pikeville, and the entire train was captured. Gen. Wheeler's troops used what
they could of our supplies, and burned the remainder. The mules which they
didn't want were killed, and they left in the direction of McMinnville
Knoxville Daily Chronicle, March 11, 1879.
FORT MONROE, VA., October 8, 1863-7.30 p. m.
(Received 7.40 p. m.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, Gen.-in-chief:
The flag-of-truce boat is just in with Richmond papers to the 8th (to-day). The
following are the telegraphic news:
MISSIONARY RIDGE,
(Via Chickamauga, October 5.)
~~~
It is reported that Gen. Wheeler has captured and burned five hundred wagons
belonging to the enemy.
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September 30, 1863
MISSIONARY RIDGE.
(Via Chickamauga, October 6.)
. . . Prisoners and deserters confirm the capture of the enemy's wagon train by
Gen. Wheeler.
~~~
J. G. FOSTER, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 30, pt. IV, p. 173.
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