C:
Mn:
Cr:
Ni:
Mo:
max. 0,03
£ 2,0
16,5 - 18,5
10,5 - 12,0
2,0 - 2,5
1.4404
X2CrNiMo 17-12-2
Typical applications
1.4404
Stainless austenitic, chromium nickel molybdenum steel with low carbon content
Relevant current and obsolete standards:
· EN 10088-3 : 1.4404 X2CrNiMo 17-12-2
· AISI
: 316 L
· UNS
: S 31603
· BS
: 316 S 11
· JIS
: SUS 316 L
· AFNOR
: Z3CND17-11-02/
Z3CND 17-12-02
· DIN 17440 : 1.4404
· SIS
: 2347 and 2348
Special grades for particular applications
- fine wire grade
- extreme fine wire grade
- cold heading grade: DIN EN 10263-5
- improved machining grade: NIRO-CUTâ 4404
- drawing grade
General properties
- corrosion resistance
- mechanical properties
- forgeability
- weldability
- machinability
Special properties
: very good
: average
: good
: excellent
: average
- non-magnetic grade (mr £ 1,3)
- suited to cryogenic applications
- Suitable for use up to 700°C
Physical Properties
3
- density (kg/dm )
- electrical resistivity
2
at 20°C (W mm /m)
- magnetisability
- thermal conductivity
at 20°C (W/m K)
- specific heat capacity
at 20°C (J/kg K)
- thermal expansion
-6 -1
(10 K ) between
20 and 100°C
20 and 200°C
20 and 300°C
20 and 400°C
20 and 500°C
: 7,98
: 0,75
: slight
: 15
-
automotive industry
construction industry
chemical industry
decorative applications and kitchen fittings
food and beverage industries
mechanical engineering
aerospace applications
medical and pharmaceutical applications
Hint
- additional information on the machi
nability of this grade of stainless steel can
be found in the brochure entitled NIROCUTâ.
- available from stock
- supplied in accordance with the Z-30.
3-6 building regulation
Processing properties
-
automated machining
machinable
hammer and die forging
cold forming
cold heading
suited to polishing
: yes
: yes
: yes
: yes
: yes
: yes
Finished product forms and conditions
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
wire rod
peeled bars Æ 20 - 80
bright bar h9, Æ 2 – 80
black bar Æ 20 – 80
bright coils h9, Æ 0,8 - 20
solution annealed and quenched
direct quenched
pickled
drawn
straightened
peeled
ground
Demand tendency
: 500
: 16,0
: 16,5
: 17,0
: 17,5
: 18,0
Revision No. 4404-0
Created: 7.04.2000
ä
Properties, applications and processing
Corrosion resistance (PRE = 23.1 to 28.5)
Due to the addition of between 2 and 3% molybdenum, the corrosion resistance of 1.4404 is
significantly better than that of 1.4301 and
1.4307, especially in chloride containing environments.
1.4404 displays excellent resistance to corrosion
in most natural waters and atmospheres (urban,
rural and industrial), provided the chloride and
salt concentrations are low to moderate. Resistance to reducing acids is restricted to low concentrations at low temperatures.
Due to its low carbon content, 1.4404 is resistant
to intergranular corrosion even after welding.
Please note that 1.4404 is not resistant to sea
water.
Heat treatment / mechanical properties
Optimal mechanical and fabrication properties
are realised after solution annealing in the temperature range 1020 - 1120°C followed by rapid
cooling in air or water.
In the solution annealed condition, the following
mechanical properties may be attained when
testing in the longitudinal direction:
Property
- yield strength (N/mm2)
- tensile strength (N/mm2)
- tensile elongation (%)
- hardness
- impact energy (J) @ 25°C
Specification
Rp0,2 : ³ 200
Rm : 500 – 700
: ³ 40
A5
HB : £ 215
ISO-V : ³ 100
Typical
360
660
48
200
220
250
225
2
Minimum proof stress (N/mm )
200
175
1% proof stress
150
125
0.2% proof stress
100
600
500
400
300
200
100
75
0
required, Novonitâ 4430, can be used. Maximum interpass temperature during welding is
150°C.
Heat treatment after welding is not necessary,
and even large sections are resistant to intercrystalline corrosion after welding, due to the low
carbon content.
Forging
Work pieces are usually pre-heated to between
1150 - 1180°C with forging taking place between
1180 und 950°C. After forging, the forged component must be rapidly cooled in either air or
water to avoid the formation of any undesirable
phases which might adversely affect the corrosion and/or mechanical properties.
Machining
The machinability of NIRO-CUTâ 4404 is better
than that of NIRO-CUTâ 4401 as a result of its
lower carbon content. The absence of titanium
stabilisation also makes 1.4404 far more machinable than the titanium stabilised 1.4571 grade.
The following machining parameters can be used
as a guideline when machining NIRO-CUTâ 4404
using a coated hard metal cutting tool.
Tensile strengths
Rm in N/mm2
Elevated temperature properties
The following minimum tensile properties at various temperatures are specified in the EN 100883 : 1995 standard.
Test temperature ( C)
Weldability
1.4404 is readily weldable using all welding processes. Should a filler material be
Depth of cut (mm)
Feed rate (mm/rev)
6 mm
3 mm
1 mm
0,5 mm/r
0,4 mm/r
0,2 mm/r
solution annealed
(550 - 620)
135 m/min
170 m/min
215 m/min
General comments
Due to advances in the production of stainless
steels, namely reduction of the carbon content to
very low levels, 1.4404 has all but replaced the
titanium stabilised 1.4571 grades. 1.4404 is just
as resistant to intercrystalline corrosion as the
titanium grades and does not suffer from knifeline corrosion. 1.4404 also has a much better
surface finish that the titanium stabilised grade
and can be readily mechanically and electropolished. Due to the absence of titanium additions and the resulting hard precipitates, 1.4307
is much more machinable than 1.4541 which
allows higher cutting speeds and results in longer
tool life.
Revision No. 4404-0
Created: 7.04.2000