2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Synthetic Street Drugs
WARNING:
NOT YOUR EVERYDAY “SPICE” and “BATH SALT”
Types of Synthetic Drugs
synthetic marijuana
“K2”
“Spice”
synthetic cathinones
“bath salts”
“MDPV”
other synthetics/drugs
“Flakka” “Molly”
“Krokodil”
1
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Regional WI Drug Corridors
Synthetic Marijuana
“Synthetic” or “Designer” Drugs
K2 or Spice contains synthetic cannabinoids that act on the body in a
similar way to cannabinoids naturally found in cannabis, such as THC
2
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
“Spice” or “K2”
Herbal Incense
Marketed as herbal incense “Not for Human
Consumption” to avoid FDA inspection
K2- Signs and Symptoms
Paranoia and Hallucination
Increased Heart Rate
Elevated Blood Pressure
Agitation and Anxiety
Dizziness and nausea
Vomiting and tremors
Chest pain
Suicidal or other harmful thoughts/actions
3
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Facts
 K2 is smoked just like traditional marijuana.
 First seen in Europe in 2004 where it was manufactured
and then shipped to the US.
 However, just prior to state and federal law listing the
main ingredient as a Controlled Substance, clandestine
locations were discovered in several WI counties
including Washburn and Eau Claire (large cash
unreported profits).
 Made with chemicals (JWH-018, JWH-017, JWH-073, HU210,ect) sprayed and dried on foliage/binion leaves
 The illegal chemicals along with Acetone are sprayed
on foliage leaves, dried, and packaged in small .
 Nov 2010, DEA listed “K2” and Analogs as Schedule 1
substance under their emergency powers
American Association of Poison
Control Center K2 Data
Calls to poison centers about
exposures to synthetic marijuana:
Year
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016 as of 3/31/16
Number of Calls
2,906
6,968
5,986
2,668
3680
7,794
3291
4
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
K2 exposure by State
Bath Salts- “MDPV”
Synthetic Cathinones
Marketed as soothing bath salts
“Not for Human Consumption”
5
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Bath Salts- “MDPV”
Synthetic Cathinones
4-methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone)
3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV).
2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)ethanamine (2C–E)
2-(4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C–I)
dimethoxyphenyl]ethanamine (2C–T–2)
propylphenyl)ethanamine (2C–P)
1-butyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH–073)
1-hexyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH–019)
Some of these drugs are referred to as “cannabimimetic”
which means that they mimic the actions of cannabinoids,
or drugs that have a chemical effect like that of marijuana
6
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Bath Salts
Synthetic Cathinones
• MDPV and Mephedrone are 2 of 6
illegal “bath salts” in WI.
• Street names - CI-1 & CI-2, Peeve
• Bath salts are a synthetic
stimulant that gives the user a
combination effect of using
ecstasy, cocaine, and meth all at
the same time.
• Wisconsin passed a law in July
2011 banning both the bath salts
and K2.
*
What About “Bath Salts”?






Synthetic Cathinones
Appeared in southern US in 2009 and WI in 2010
MDPV was first detected in Germany in 2007
Marketed as “plant food” and believed by many as
legitimate “bath salts”
Shipments originated from China, India, and Pakistan,
manufactured by rogue chemists, and packaged to
appear as beauty/household goods/plant food.
Once sold at head shops with an inference they are like
“legal” cocaine, methamphetamine, and MDMA. Users
report the high is like cocaine/meth/mdma all mixed
together.
Primarily purchased via the Internet through email and
shipped to PO box(s) or other conspirator residence to
avoid detection by police, postal service inspectors, and
US Customs
7
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Ingestion Methods






Snorted (most common)
Injected
Smoked (similar to crack)
Mixed with food
Mixed with drink
Airborne mist
Sign/Symptoms
 Increased Heart Rate
 High Blood Pressure
 Confusion
 Hyper – alertness
 Compulsive water drinking
 Tremors / Seizures
 Super-human strength
consistent to excited delirium
8
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Sign/Symptoms
 Agitation and Seizures
 Paranoia /Suicidal
Thoughts
 Hallucinations / Delusions
 Seeing demons,
spiders, monsters
 Chest Pain
 Violent Behavior
Bath Salts- MDPV
It’s in our area and it’s use is
expected to continue.
9
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
American Association of Poison
Control Center Bath Salts Data
Jan 7, 2014
Calls to poison centers about exposures
to bath salts:
Year
2010
# of Calls
306
2011
6,137
2012
2,691
2013
2014
2015
2016 as of 3/31/16
995
582
522
107
Effects- What Happens?
• Each user can be affected differently
 Smoked / effects 5 – 10 minutes
 Injected / effects can be immediate
 Effect can have a “lag time” so users can double
dose therefore leading to an overdose
 Multiple users = Multiple EMS calls/ER visits at the
same time (City of Barron cases)
10
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
New Law
June 24, 2011 Governor Walker signed Act 31 into law
becoming effective in July 2011.
Now illegal to sell the drug in head shops and gas
stations. Illegal to possess and distribute.
Act 31 makes the following illegal:
•Synthetic Cannabinoids (Marijuana)
•MDPV & Mephedrone (Bath Salts)
•2C-I and “Analogs” of these substances
11
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
New Designer Drug
“FLAKKA” or “GRAVEL”
A designer drug hit south Florida in 2013 causing many
issues for the police and medical communities. This
stimulant is manufactured and distributed from China
and Pakistan. The designer drug ingredient is AlphaPVP aka:“Pyrrolidinovalerophenune Hydrochloride”
Recent pressure on Chinese export laws have resulted
in less cases for ER and law enforcement in Florida.
The chemical attached
itself to brain pathways
with such ferocity that
slight changes in purity
or dose resulted in
bizarre, sometimes
deadly reactions.
12
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Sign/Symptoms - Flakka
 Hallucinations and Paranoia
 Agitation
 Elevated body temperature causing the user to often get
naked
 Compulsive water drinking
 Tremors / Seizures
 Super-human strength
Facts about Flakka
 Drug high commonly lasts 1-3 hours
 Hard on the body Muscle breakdown
 Resulting in hyperthermia and causes issues with
the kidneys.
 Elevated body temperature - up to 105 degrees
 Street value per dose - $3 - $5
13
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Krokodil
Synthetic heroin, aka “poor mans heroin”
Ingredients:
Codeine, gasoline, paint thinner, iodine,
hydrochloric acid, and red phosphorus
Sign/Symptoms:
Injection site turns greenish, scaly and bumpy, like the
skin on a crocodile. It also can cause gangrene with
amputation as the only alternative before death.
14
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Krokodil
Ingredients:
Codeine, gasoline, paint thinner, iodine,
hydrochloric acid, and red phosphorus
Facts: What about the drug?
• In 1930, Desomorphine was synthesized in the US in an
effort to replace the pain killer morphine that can cause
nausea and addition.
• Surfaced in Russia (Siberia) in about Y2000. Common drug
with Russian immigrants living in the US.
• Russia borders Afghanistan (much of the worlds supply
of heroin is produced). When Russia initiated a
preventive action on heroin trafficking/smuggling, it
caused the users to seek alternative drugs.
• Use of Krokdil increases when the price of heroin rises or
heroin is hard to find. Krokodil can be 1/10th the price.
• Ingredients for Krokodil were readily available in the US
and Russia. Russia has enacted more regulatory action
on codeine.
15
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
How did it get here?
• Via Internet receipts - posted by users and
manufacturers of the drug
• Immigrants coming to the US from Russia
• Recent reports of this drug in Joliet (Illinois) and
Milwaukee
• cutting agents used in heroin and other drugs can
give similar injection site skin deterioration/irritation
• Manufacturing time – 30-60 mins
• High is 1.5 hours vs. heroin high is 2-6 hours
• Painful detoxification - up to 1 month
What’s it made from.......
• Synthetic Krokodil (without filtration) is a mixture of
• Codiene
• Iodine
• Phosphorus
• Heavy metals of lead
• Zinc
• Iron
16
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Effects on the body……
• Muscles
• Endocrine system
• Nervous system
• Bone tissue
• Kidneys
• Liver
• Lungs
Molly
• The active ingredient in the popular Club Drug Ecstasy is
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine).
Molly is generally considered the most-refined, crystalline
form of MDMA, a potent hallucinogen (DEA - Schedule 1
controlled substance)
• Commonly sold in powder form and distributed in capsules
• Molly can cause:
• Confusion
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Paranoia
• Sleep problems
• Drug cravings
17
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Molly, cont.
• Molly’s effect on the body can cause an inability to
regulate temperature, resulting in hyperthermia, or
elevated body temperature.
• Can act on the body similar to other synthetic cathinones.
• Molly is often mixed with other illegal drugs such as
methamphetamine or other synthetic cathinones like
methylone. Users never know purity or cutting agents.
• Common signs of Molly use:
• Users carry bottles of water for cooling down
• Users carry pacifiers for teeth clinching
New Trends
Dangerous New Products and Trends
18
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Tobacco
TAKE A L K
Can you easily pick out the tobacco?
Trends are changing…for the worse
Despite the tobacco industry’s claims of reduced health
risks, these products are still deadly.
The amount of nicotine in dissolvable products varies,
some have 3 times the amount in 1 cigarette.
19
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Social Networking
45% of employers are now
seeing this
It’s Not Just Alcohol
“Its actually not a
leaf but the bud i
broke up and
shaped to the picture
i drew.”
20
2016 Jail Health Conference
Plenary 5: Synthetic Street Drugs: What's out there now?
Do you know something
that you think law
enforcement should know?
Text an ANONYMOUS Tip to Law Enforcement
Text the keyword “BCTIPS” and your tip information to tip411
Barron County Sheriff’s Department
Questions?
 Ron Baures, Captain
 [email protected]
 (715) 637-6870
 Randy Cook, Drug Detective
 [email protected]
 (715) 637-6705
21