HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
Chapter 6
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1. During the American Revolution, the patriots rejected
a. obedience to the male heads of household.
b. a society based on a hereditary aristocracy.
c. the establishment of a republic.
d. the definition of liberty as a universal entitlement.
e. None of the above
____
2. After the Revolution, American freedom would forever be linked with the idea of equality
a. before the law.
b. in political rights.
c. of economic opportunity.
d. of condition.
e. All of the above
____
3. In regard to the right to vote,
a. the property qualification for suffrage was hotly debated.
b. the least democratization occurred in the southern states.
c. by the 1780s, with a few exceptions, a large majority of the adult white male population
could meet voting requirements.
d. the concept of freedom had become intricately linked with an individual’s right to vote.
e. All of the above
____
4. Why didn’t the American Revolution put an end to slavery?
a. The Lockean principle that the government could not deprive people of property applied to
slaves, since they were viewed as property, and so slavery appeared as a “right” that could
not be taken away.
b. Since all blacks had been slaves in colonial America, the thought of free blacks was
unthinkable.
c. Women like Abigail Adams persuaded the founding fathers that women’s civil rights
ought to come before blacks’ civil rights.
d. Thomas Jefferson had absolutely no intention of including blacks when he wrote, “all men
are created equal.”
e. George Washington stated that he would not be president if he had to free his slaves.
____
5. After the Revolution, the northern states dealt with the slavery issue by
a. passing legislation that tightened existing slave laws.
b. passing laws that enacted immediate abolition.
c. mobilizing a mass abolitionist movement.
d. discussing the possibility of secession.
e. passing legislation for the gradual end of slavery.
____
6. Women
a. fought in the war.
b. raised money for the army.
c. served as spies and informants.
d. contributed homespun goods to the army.
e. All of the above
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____
7. Republican motherhood encouraged
a. greater educational opportunities for women.
b. a radical change in the patriarchal structure of the family.
c. women to become public speakers for various social causes.
d. widespread resentment among women.
e. a significant increase in the number of women directly involved in politics.
____
8. On what level was the American Revolution being fought?
a. It was a struggle for national independence.
b. It was a phase in a century-long global battle between European empires.
c. It was a conflict over what kind of nation an independent America should be.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
____
9. Thomas Jefferson’s views on religion
a. were devout, and included a belief in Jesus as the Messiah.
b. were nonexistent and best classified as agnostic.
c. were parallel to those of the teachings of the Great Awakening.
d. were skeptical and rejected the biblical account of creation.
e. were spiritual and formed the basis of his political leadership.
____ 10. Virtually every founding father owned slaves at one point in his life. Who was a notable exception?
a. George Washington
b. John Adams
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. Benjamin Franklin
e. James Madison
____ 11. Abigail Adams, in a letter to her husband, asked that he
a. remember the ladies.
b. not put such unlimited power into the hands of husbands.
c. write her longer letters.
d. and the other founders decide to declare independence.
e. All of the above
____ 12. The Declaration of Independence
a. declared that Britain’s aim was to establish “absolute tyranny” over the colonies.
b. declared the United States an independent nation.
c. uniquely proclaimed the “pursuit of happiness” as an unalienable right.
d. All of the above
e. b and c
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 13. What kind of government system did John Adams advocate?
a. A powerful governor who would exert the influence that he considered necessary to
control the common people, and a legislature divided between the common people and the
elite
b. A legislature elected and controlled entirely by the elite, with a weak governor elected by
the people so that they would feel that they had a role
c. An all-powerful judiciary, based on his idea that judges appointed for life would keep the
rabble from exerting too much influence
d. A monarchy to assure the existence of a strong executive, and an elected legislature with
limited power
e. None of the above
____ 14. The new state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War
a. completely eliminated property qualifications for voting.
b. became far more democratic in the southern states than in the northern states.
c. greatly expanded the right to vote in almost every state.
d. did nothing to change the composition of state legislatures, which remained completely in
the hands of the elite.
e. made it possible in Massachusetts for women to vote.
____ 15. Why did John Adams believe that land ownership was vital to society?
a. He opposed slavery and felt that if small farmers owned land, they would have the power
to outvote slaveowners.
b. If more people owned land, it would be less likely that fixed and unequal social classes
would emerge.
c. Land ownership would make people more conservative, and that would counteract any
democratic impulses.
d. Government would have to encourage it, and Adams believed in an activist federal
government.
e. Adams had lost his land when he took the unpopular position of representing British
soldiers who participated in the Boston Massacre, and he knew how important the issue
was.
Chapter 7
____ 16. Under the Articles of Confederation,
a. the government was divided into two houses.
b. there was no president.
c. there was a judiciary.
d. the government had the power to tax.
e. None of the above
____ 17. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
a. established the policy that admitted the area’s population as equal members of the political
system.
b. regulated western land sales through a policy that was amicable to the Indians.
c. abolished the Articles of Confederation and called for a second Constitutional Convention.
d. was the first step in Alexander Hamilton’s plan for economic growth.
e. was the law that ruled the West.
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 18. Shays’s Rebellion was significant because it demonstrated that
a. land distribution policies were out of date.
b. the economic preponderance of the East was bitterly resented by those in the West.
c. the ex-soldiers of the Continental army were unhappy.
d. the present government was unable to protect property rights.
e. the Indians were causing a problem in the West.
____ 19. The relationship between the national government and the states is called
a. the separation of powers.
b. the New Jersey Plan.
c. federalism.
d. the Virginia Plan.
e. the Constitution.
____ 20. As designed by the Constitution,
a. the president was elected by popular vote.
b. senators were to serve two-year terms.
c. the federal judiciary were appointed, not elected by the people.
d. the congressional representatives were to be appointed by state legislatures.
e. the Supreme Court justices were to serve ten-year terms.
____ 21. Anti-Federalists included
a. Patrick Henry and John Adams.
b. George Washington and John Hancock.
c. Samuel Adams and James Madison.
d. Benjamin Franklin and John Jay.
e. Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry.
____ 22. The Bill of Rights
a. partly reflected English roots in common law.
b. defined the “unalienable rights” of the Declaration of Independence.
c. were viewed by James Madison as unnecessary.
d. protected religious freedom.
e. All of the above
____ 23. Congress
a. never prohibited the slave trade.
b. immediately prohibited the slave trade.
c. waited until England prohibited the slave trade to act.
d. prohibited the slave trade ten years after ratification of the Constitution.
e. prohibited the slave trade twenty years after ratification of the Constitution.
____ 24. The Articles of Confederation
a. had no centralized power.
b. had no authority to tax.
c. had no authority to pay debt.
d. were in effect between 1781 to 1788.
e. All of the above
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 25. The Anti-Federalist James Winthrop argued that a Bill of Rights was necessary in the Constitution because
a. the English had one, so America ought to mirror that example.
b. the right to bear arms for the militia should be guarded by law.
c. using the examples of Wilkes and Zenger, the protection of speech and press was
essential.
d. it would secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority.
e. ratification of the Constitution was in doubt without the inclusion of the Bill of Rights.
____ 26. What event demonstrated the need for a more central government to ensure private liberty?
a. The Battle of Fallen Timbers
b. Shays’s Rebellion
c. The Walking Purchase
d. Bacon’s Rebellion
e. Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
____ 27. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was able to
a. establish national control over land to the west of the thirteen states.
b. sign major treaties with France and Spain.
c. create a new tax policy that would better fund the government.
d. eliminate a provision giving judges power to reject congressional acts.
e. block the passage of numerous constitutional amendments.
____ 28. What qualifications did the Constitution ratified in 1787 impose for voting?
a. None; it left voting rules to the states.
b. It allowed all white males over twenty-one to vote but expressly banned women.
c. It allowed all white males over twenty-one to vote and said nothing about women.
d. It imposed a property requirement.
e. It specifically banned African-Americans from voting.
____ 29. Why did the founding fathers create the electoral college?
a. They did not; it was added to the Constitution after the disputed election of 1796.
b. Small states insisted that they had to have a chance to play a role in choosing the
president, and that wouldn’t have been possible with direct elections.
c. Alexander Hamilton wanted a king, James Madison wanted no president, and the result
was this compromise so there could be a president.
d. They did not trust ordinary voters to choose the president and vice president directly.
e. They knew the Constitution would make them unpopular, so they wanted to create a way
to avoid letting voters choose the president, thereby giving themselves a chance to be
elected.
____ 30. What are the two basic political principles embodied in the Constitution?
a. Monarchy and despotism
b. Individual and collective rights
c. Freedom and union
d. God and mammon
e. Federalism and checks and balances
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
Chapter 8
____ 31. Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton’s long-range goal was to
a. make the United States a major commercial and military power.
b. succeed George Washington as president.
c. ensure that the American economy grew as an agrarian economy.
d. build up the Republican Party’s strength and power.
e. end slavery in America.
____ 32. Opponents of Hamilton’s economic plan
a. included George Washington.
b. were mostly northerners.
c. believed future growth was to be found through close ties with Britain.
d. agreed to a compromise that included placing the national capital in the South.
e. were simply jealous of Hamilton’s close relationship with Washington.
____ 33. The French Revolution
a. was very conservative compared to the American Revolution.
b. reinforced the Republican’s sympathy toward the French.
c. brought American troops to France to fight for liberty.
d. had very little impact on American foreign policy.
e. had the support of the American Federalist Party.
____ 34. The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to
a. the election of 1800.
b. Hamilton’s economic plan.
c. the Alien and Sedition Acts.
d. Fries’s Rebellion.
e. impressments of American sailors.
____ 35. Gabriel’s Rebellion
a. was an attempted slave rebellion in Virginia.
b. was rooted in the institution of Richmond’s black community.
c. spoke the language of liberty forged in the American Revolution and reinvigorated during
the 1790s.
d. resulted in stricter Virginian slave laws.
e. All of the above
____ 36. Marbury v. Madison dealt with
a. judicial review.
b. slaves’ rights.
c. national debt.
d. the appointment of “midnight judges.”
e. Indian treaties.
____ 37. Jefferson justified his overreach of the constitution when he purchased Louisiana by citing that
a. he secured economic stability for his virtuous agrarian farmers.
b. there ought to be a loose interpretation of the Constitution.
c. industrial growth was assured by the purchase.
d. both political parties supported his decision.
e. All of the above
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 38. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun formed a group informally known as
a. Know-Nothings.
b. Young Republicans.
c. Whigs.
d. War Hawks.
e. Peace Doves.
____ 39. Jefferson’s Embargo Act
a. was successful in restoring freedom of the seas.
b. stopped the policy of impressment.
c. severely hurt the economies of France and England.
d. provoked war with France.
e. caused economic depression within the United States.
____ 40. Toussaint L’Ouverture, is well known for
a. leading a slave rebellion in Saint Domingue.
b. designing Washington, D.C.
c. masterminding the X,Y, Z affair.
d. negotiating the Louisiana Purchase.
e. None of the above
____ 41. Who did Alexander Hamilton and his supporters believe that the United States needed to cultivate a firm
relationship with in order to survive as a nation?
a. The Indians
b. The Spaniards
c. The French
d. The West Indies
e. The British
____ 42. When George Washington took office as the first president of the United States, American leaders believed
that the new nation’s success depended on
a. creating political parties as a means of channeling the people’s passions.
b. maintaining political harmony.
c. protecting all forms of freedom.
d. Washington’s willingness to serve until he died.
e. coining money.
____ 43. Why did Jefferson find Hamilton’s proposals objectionable?
a. He feared that creating a standing army would threaten individual liberty.
b. He expected them to create great maldistribution of wealth.
c. He thought that an alliance of power between the government and large commercial
interests would produce the kind of corruption that Americans had seen in England.
d. He felt that without free trade, greater social inequality would result.
e. All of the above
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 44. How did leaders of the Federalist Party view freedom?
a. They may have been the only political leaders in American history to proclaim it to be
dangerous in the hands of ordinary citizens.
b. They felt that it rested on deference to authority and that without that deference, anarchy
might result.
c. They accused those who opposed them of trying to destroy freedom.
d. They believed that many Americans failed to understand what it really meant.
e. All of the above
____ 45. What was the significance of the election of 1800?
a. John Adams left office when he was supposed to, establishing the principle in American
government of the peaceful transfer of power.
b. The importance of slavery and the three-fifths compromise was demonstrated: without
slaves counted as part of the South’s population, Thomas Jefferson would have lost.
c. It demonstrated the importance of mobilizing large numbers of voters with more modern
campaign techniques, which the Republicans effectively employed.
d. The controversy surrounding who would be president led to the passage of the Twelfth
Amendment, changing the operation of the Electoral College.
e. All of the above
Chapter 9
____ 46. What improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce?
a. Steel tracks for railroads
b. Canals and steamboats
c. Better communication via the telegraph
d. Revenue making roads like turnpikes
e. The establishment of an efficient postal system
____ 47. The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was
a. textiles.
b. guns.
c. iron works.
d. pottery.
e. shoemaking.
____ 48. Women workers at the Lowell mills
a. never had time to make friends.
b. commuted daily to work from their family farms.
c. quickly organized a union to strike for higher wages.
d. held management positions.
e. lived in closely supervised boardinghouses.
____ 49. John Deere and Cyrus McCormick invented, respectively, the
a. cotton gin and reaper.
b. telegraph and steel plow.
c. steel plow and reaper.
d. standard railroad gauge and cotton gin.
e. steel plow and cotton gin.
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 50. Which statement about corporations is false?
a. A corporation could fail without ruining its directors and stockholders.
b. The corporation was not a vital component in the new market economy.
c. A corporation enjoyed special privileges and powers granted in a charter from the
government.
d. Corporations were able to raise far more capital than the traditional forms of enterprise.
e. Many Americans distrusted corporate charters as a form of governmentgranted special
privilege.
____ 51. The role of white middle-class women in antebellum America was primarily to
a. pursue a college education.
b. take a job outside the home to supplement the family’s disposable income.
c. have as large a family as possible.
d. focus their energies on the home and children.
e. produce the daily foodstuffs and necessities that her household required.
____ 52. The Erie Canal made which city a major trade port?
a. Buffalo
b. Philadelphia
c. Boston
d. New York
e. Albany
____ 53. Squatters
a. set up farms on unoccupied land.
b. were corporate charters issued by states as contracts.
c. strung telegraph lines between poles.
d. set the dynamite, working on the railroads.
e. is a derogatory name for the girls who worked in the mill factories.
____ 54. Samuel Slater
a. invented the reaper.
b. established America’s first factory.
c. invented the cotton gin.
d. established the Erie Canal.
e. was a steamboat innovator.
____ 55. The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in
a. manufacturing.
b. agriculture.
c. banking and financing .
d. labor contracts.
e. transportation and communication.
____ 56. What was the significance of Robert Fulton?
a. He was responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.
b. His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible.
c. His innovations led to the revolution in turnpike construction in the early nineteenth
century.
d. He was instrumental in promoting business growth in New York City.
e. His legislation led to the building of the National Road.
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 57. The Erie Canal
a. was far larger than any other canal built in the United States up to that time.
b. attracted an influx of farmers migrating from New England to New York.
c. led to the building of the cities of Buffalo, Rochester, and Syracuse.
d. was overseen by Governor DeWitt Clinton, a onetime Federalist.
e. all of the above.
____ 58. In the westward migration that followed the War of 1812,
a. several new states entered the union.
b. most of those who moved west did so alone.
c. the South’s population grew significantly, but the North’s did not.
d. the North’s population grew significantly, but the South’s did not.
e. land titles were very clear, avoiding conflicts.
____ 59. What proved to be the significance of Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin?
a. Cotton production increased by more than 3,000 percent in about a quarter of a century.
b. The Atlantic slave trade expanded in its last few years of existence.
c. The federal government moved to consolidate American control of the Deep South by
driving out Native Americans and acquiring Florida.
d. The domestic slave trade grew.
e. All of the above
____ 60. How did the market revolution change western farming?
a. As the West became more settled, western farmers found that they had the time and ability
to cater to the market and grow crops they could sell.
b. John Deere’s steel plow made it easier for them to till larger quantities of soil.
c. Cyrus McCormick’s reaper made it quicker and easier for them to produce wheat.
d. Eastern banks and insurance companies financed the acquisitions of supplies needed to
expand farmland.
e. All of the above
Chapter 10
____ 61. A primary reason that both women and blacks were excluded from the expansion of democracy was that
a. it was reasoned that since they did not have the vote in England, they ought not to have the
vote in America.
b. since neither group were citizens, the vote could not be extended to them.
c. both groups were viewed as being naturally incapable and thus unfit for suffrage.
d. neither group had asked to be included in politics.
e. both groups were largely illiterate, which was a necessary skill for political participation.
____ 62. Which part of the American System proved to be the most controversial?
a. A new national bank
b. Establishment of a permanent army
c. Federal financing of improved roads and canals
d. Income tax
e. Tariff policy
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 63. What did the Second Bank of the United States do?
a. Issued paper money
b. Collected taxes
c. Paid the government’s debts
d. Made a profit for itself
e. All of the above
____ 64. The Missouri Compromise.
a. allowed popular sovereignty in Missouri to determine if it would be a slave or free state.
b. banned slavery in all territories west of Missouri.
c. preserved the congressional balance between slave and free states.
d. was bitterly fought against by some southern politicians.
e. required all Missouri slaves to be emancipated within ten years.
____ 65. The Monroe Doctrine
a. allowed Maine and Missouri to enter the Union as states.
b. secured Florida from Spain.
c. declared American abstention from European affairs.
d. made the United States a policing power in the Western Hemisphere.
e. settled the nullification crisis favorably for South Carolina.
____ 66. The Era of Good Feelings was the name given to
a. an informal truce observed by northwestern fur traders and Indians after the War of 1812.
b. a period of relative calm between the United States and Great Britain.
c. the two terms of James Monroe.
d. the ten years after the Missouri Compromise.
e. the political cooperation between the Democrats and the Whigs.
____ 67. The national plan that President John Quincy Adams had for American development included
a. legislation promoting agriculture, commerce, and manufacturing.
b. the establishment of a national university.
c. creating a naval academy.
d. building a national astronomical observatory.
e. All of the above
____ 68. The practice of giving a political office to someone based on loyalty to the party is called
a. a meritocracy.
b. the spoils system.
c. paternalism.
d. the party system.
e. nepotism.
____ 69. The nullification crisis of 1832 ended
a. in civil war.
b. with South Carolina seceding from the Union.
c. with Jackson’s resignation from office.
d. with a compromised tariff.
e. when Daniel Webster gave a powerful speech to the Senate in favor of nullification.
HIST 1301
Name: __________________________________
____ 70. Who emerged as the most prominent spokesman for state sovereignty and the right of nullification?
a. John Calhoun
b. Henry Clay
c. Andrew Jackson
d. John Quincy Adams
e. Daniel Webster
____ 71. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia stated that
a. Georgia had to respect Indian title to their lands.
b. the Indians were wards of the federal government.
c. the Indians had to move to the Indian Territory.
d. the federal government could not intervene.
e. None of the above
____ 72. Alexis de Tocqueville
a. came to the United States to study its prisons.
b. disliked democracy.
c. understood that American democracy meant not so much the right to vote as a culture that
promoted individual initiative, a belief in equality, and an active public sphere.
d. saw that those who opposed democracy tended to hide their views.
e. All of the above
____ 73. The Missouri Compromise of 1820
a. banned slavery in the new state of Missouri.
b. banned slavery north of Missouri in the Louisiana Purchase territory.
c. added Vermont as a free state to counter Missouri’s addition as a slave state.
d. was the work of southerners who saw that northerners were being unreasonable.
e. would have been impossible without the leadership role taken by James Monroe.
____ 74. The Whig party
a. took its name from the wigs worn by the founding fathers—an effort to appeal to the
reverence toward such leaders as George Washington and Benjamin Franklin.
b. advocated internal improvements backed financially by state governments.
c. attracted support from the most elite merchants, industrialists, and planters.
d. had trouble attracting support in the Northeast because it was heavily industrialized, and
industrialists there resented Whig efforts to help the rest of the country catch up to them.
e. nominated Henry Clay for president in its first four presidential campaigns.
____ 75. The nullification crisis
a. originated in South Carolina
b. was based on Southern concerns that tariffs were keeping the region from competing with
the North in the industrial revolution.
c. never would have begun without the very public stance taken in favor of nullification by
John Calhoun.
d. brought out Andrew Jackson’s previously hidden desire for compromise.
e. attracted support from Whigs like Daniel Webster, who saw it as an opportunity to
embarrass and annoy Jackson.