Report of the
establishment of a permanent one-hectare plot
in Réserve Naturelle Volontaire Trésor
“And all eyes were up to the leaves…”
Hans ter Steege
Daniel Sabatier
Jean François Molino
Olaf Bánki
Marie-Françoise Prévost
Raphaël Pelissier
March 2003
Report of the
establishment of a permanent one hectare-plot
in Réserve Naturelle Volontaire Trésor
Hans ter Steege1, Daniel Sabatier2, Jean François Molino2
Olaf Bánki 1, Marie-Françoise Prévost2, Raphaël Pelissier2
1
NHN-Utrecht Branch, Utrecht University
2
IRD-AMAP, Cayenne / Montpellier
Contents
Abstract
4
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
4
5
6
7
8
8
Appendix 1: List of all trees of plot “Trésor 1”
Appendix 2: List of all species of plot “Trésor 1”
Appendix 3: Trésor 1 Tree Plot Map
9
18
22
Abstract
A 1-ha permanent plot was established in the Réserve Naturelle Volontaire Trésor, Mts. de Kaw,
French Guiana. The total number of trees with DBH over 10cm was 442 and included 164 species.
With this diversity the plot currently ranks among the highest of French Guiana and the Guianas.
Although the plot has many pioneers and close to the road the disturbance is thought to be natural.
Introduction
Plot studies are an important part of basic data generation necessary for the
understanding of local and regional biodiversity patterns. At present the number of
botanical plots in the Neotropics is increasing, allowing more and more detailed
analysis of patterns of diversity and their possible causes (Terborg & Andresen 1998,
ter Steege et al. 2000, in press).
Plot establishment and analysis has been an ongoing activity of IRD (e.g. Sabatier &
Prévost 1987, Sabatier et al. 1997, Molino & Sabatier 2001) and NHN-Utrecht (e.g.
Schulz 1960, Maas 1971, ter Steege 2000, van Andel 2001, Bánki et al. 2003)
As the number of plots is still insufficient to accurately describe the local diversity
and spatial heterogeneity in the Guianas more plots still need to be established. IRD
has made this an explicit goal for French Guiana, while the NHN-UU continues to
focus on Suriname and Guyana.
As all members of the team were present at the Flora of the Guianas meeting,
(Cayenne Feb. 2003), it was agreed to jointly lay out and measure one 1-ha plot in the
Kaw Mts, an area close to Cayenne with the highest rainfall for French Guiana. For
several reasons (proximity, accessibility, high rainfall) the Réserve Naturelle
Volontaire Trésor was chosen as the pilot site.
“The Trésor Nature Reserve is situated in French Guyana, an overseas Department of
France, consisting of an area of almost 2,450 hectares, approximately 40 km south of
Cayenne. On the northeastern side, the Trésor area is bordered by a tarmac road,
running along the hill tops of the Montagne de Kaw. To the southwestern side, the
Trésor area slopes down towards the Orapu river. Along the slopes, covering onethird of the Reserve, terra firme rainforest occurs. On the plane, which partly floods
during the rainy season, flood forest and wet savanna occur. There are three major
wet savannas, spanning several hundred hectares each.”
(http://www.bio.uu.nl/botgard/bgci.htg/tresor.htm)
Previous inventory work in Trésor was carried out by Cremers et al. (1996) and Ek et
al. (2000). More information about the forest, geology and geomorphology can be
found in the latter publication.
This short trip report briefly describes the methods and first results from this single
plot inventory. The data of this plot will be used in the further research activities and
publications of NNH-UU and IRD-AMAP.
Methods
Initial plot selection took place during a 1-day field excursion (16 Feb 2003) of the
Flora of the Guianas meeting. Because the forests on the slopes appeared to have
suffered somewhat from logging activities, which apparently took place from the
lower parts of the reserve, it was decided to establish the plot on the highest plateau,
close to the Carbet D’Accueil.
The area within the Botanical Trail was sufficiently flat to allow rapid plot
establishment and was cruised several times in all directions. Even this plateau had
suffered somewhat from earlier mineral exploration as evidenced by a few old
bulldozer trails and one felled and extracted tree was found.
The fieldwork was conducted from Feb 20 – Feb 26 2003. The plot was established in
the beginning of the trail starting close to the 500m sign along the trail. A 100m
baseline was set out in a 140° compass direction. ‘Wapa’ (Eperua falcata) pegs were
hammered into the soil at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 m. The pegs can be identified
through an aluminium Dymo label. The peg at 0 m reads “TRESOR PLOT 1
BASELINE 140 DEG 110 M”. All other pegs simply have an aluminium label with
their distance from the first peg.
The approximate plot location measured with a GPS inside the plot is 04° 36.514’N
054° 16.738’W at an altitude of c. 267m asl.
Plot strip lines of 10m width were set out in compass directions of 230° and identified
in the field with the assistance of an orange nylon line with light blue 10m signs.
Hence the plot was subdivided into subplots of 10x10m, which are the measuring
units.
As an old small bulldozer trail ran just at the upper part of the plot, not all lines could
be laid out to a full 100m. Line 4 to 8 could be established up to 90m, and line 9 to
80m. The missing subplots (8) were established as an 11th line of 80m. Hence a final
peg “110M EOL” can be found at the corner of the plot.
All trees with DBH (Diameter at Breast Height = 130cm) ! 10cm were labelled with
an aluminium label “T1” followed by the tree number. If a tree had buttresses or
irregularities at 130cm, DBH was measured above these and noted in the fieldnotes.
Fluted trees were noted and measured at 130cm.
The position of each tree was mapped with 0.5m precision within each subplot.
Identification of the trees was carried out by Daniel Sabatier. Only trees with very
certain identification were named without collection. Of all other trees material was
collected 1) as leaf, flower or fruit material from the forest floor, 2) twigs and leaves
with a 6m telescopic pruner, or 3) with a shotgun if the other two failed. All material
was dried and stored for comparison with herbariums specimens at IRD, Cayenne.
Collections were made of fertile material, including specimens below 10cm DBH or
outside the plot. These were collected in the DS, JFM or MFP series and will be
stored in the IRD Herbarium in Cayenne, with duplicates for the NHN-Utrecht.
During the last field day all field data was typed in to an Access database and preanalysed with Excel.
Results
A total of 442 trees ! 10cm DBH was found on the 1-ha plot. A full list can be found
in Appendix 1. Preliminary species count based on certain identifications and
morpho-species is 164. The resulting Fisher’s _ (a diversity measure, corrected for
sample size and widely used to compare plots) is 94.4.
Qualea rosea is the most common species with 34 individuals, followed by Lecythis
persistens (27), Eschweilera coriacea (25), E. grandiflora (24). All other species have
less than 10 individuals. Ninety-five species are only represented by 1 individual
(Figure 1). A species list is provided in Appendix 2. All data has been provided in
digital format to the Trésor Management and can be used for Trésor purposes. The
copyright for the data for outside publications resides with Daniel Sabatier and Hans
ter Steege.
The plot is characterised by a large number of pioneers species (76 individuals)
notably, Cecropia, Pourouma, Loreya, Miconia, Inga, Goupia, Xylopia, Tachigali,
Inga, Laetia and some others. The forest also has a relatively open structure. The
dominant Lecythidaceae and Q u a l e a are extremely high. In the understorey
Melastomataceae are very abundant and almost all trunks are covered with a dense
climber vegetation (mainly Araceae and Cyclanthaceae) and mosses. Several trunks
were also moulded, although very much alive.
100
Nr. of individuals
10
1
0.1
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
111
121
131
141
151
161
Species rank
Figure 1. Rank-abundance curve for Trésor 1. Four species have relatively high abundance, the
number of singletons (species with only 1 individual) is very high.
The size class structure of Trésor 1 is shown in Figure 2. The size class structure is of
a general ‘reverse J’ structure. Striking is the lack of individuals in the lowest size
class (10-19.9cm), which generally should have amounted to roughly 50% of all
individuals.
0.4
0.35
Fraction of ind.
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Size class (10 cm classes)
Figure 2. Size class structure of Trésor 1. There is an apparent lack of individuals in the lowest size
class (10-19.9cm).
Plot lay out and tree location can be found in Appendix 3.
Discussion
The tree diversity of Trésor 1 is high. In fact it is almost as high as a similar shaped 1ha plot near Saül (Sabatier et al. unpublished data). It is a little higher than expected
from the current Amazon diversity map (ter Steege et al. in press) but only by a small
degree.
What is striking of the forest is the high abundance of large pioneers, high cover of
small climbers, and open structure of the forest.
Even though evidence of human interference is obvious by the presence of machine
tracks and logging signs in the forest, we believe that this has had a minimal impact
on the current plot as the ‘disturbed’ areas were avoided during plot establishment. In
addition to that the majority of the pioneers is found in the plot section closest to the
baseline, rather than close to the bulldozer track at the ‘top’ of the plot.
We believe that the forest on the crest, where the plot was laid out, is dynamic in
nature. High rainfall (>4000 mm annually), high epiphyte loads make tree fall events
likely and the huge stature of the dominant 4 species suggests that gap sizes created
by these dominants will be large.
The lack of small trees is surprising. In general a doubling of individuals is expected
between class 4 to 3, class 3 to 2, and class 2 to 1. Between 4 to 3 and 3 to 2 this is
indeed the case but not so between 2 to 1. Thus there may not be an overabundance of
class 2 individuals but rather a lack of small trees between 10-19.9 cm. At present we
have no explanation for this lack of small trees.
The joint exercise between the IRD crew and NHN crew has been experienced as
extremely pleasant and we hope to establish further plots in Trésor, Mts. De Kaw,
French Guiana and the Guianas in collaboration.
Acknowledgements
We thank the management team of Reserve Naturelle Trésor, Joep Moonen and Alain Menseau, for
their abundant help and support during the fieldwork and the board for their kind permission for the
fieldwork. Hans ter Steege and Olaf Bánki thank the Alberta Mennega Stichting and the Stichting het
Van Eeden Fonds for their financial support for the combined Suriname-French Guiana trip.
References
Bánki, O.S., ter Steege, H., Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & Raghoenandan, U. (2003) Plant diversity of the
Nassau Mts., Suriname. Report of the 2003 Expedition. Unpublished report. NHN-Utrecht,
BBS-Paramaribo.
Cremers, G., de Granville, J.-J., Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & ter Welle, B.J.H. (1996) Inventaire préliminaire
de la flore de la concession Trésor (Guyane Française). Internal Report. IRD Cayenne, NHNUtrecht.
Ek, R.C., Bordenave, B.G., Sluiter, R. & van der Knaap, E.C. (2000) The floristic composition and
vegetation structure of the Trésor Reserve, French Guiana. Internal report. NHN-Utrecht,
MNHN Paris, Dept. Physisal Geography Utrecht, IRD Cayenne.
Maas, P.J.M. 1971. Floristic observations on forest types in western Suriname I and II. Proceedings of
the Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen Ser. C 74: 269-302.
Molino, J.F. & Sabatier, D. (2001) Tree diversity in tropical rain forests: A validation of the
intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Science 294: 1702-1704.
Sabatier, D., Grimaldi, M., Prévost, M.-F., Guillaume, J., Godron, M., Dosso, M. & Curmi, P. 1997.
The influence of soil cover organization on the floristic and structural heterogeneity of a
Guianan rain forest. Plant Ecology 131: 81-108.
Sabatier, D. & Prévost, M.-F. (1987) Une forêt à Cacaoyers sauvages sur le Haut-Camopi, en Guyane
Française. ORSTOM, Cayenne.
Schulz, J.P. 1960. Ecological studies on rain forest in northern Surinam. Van Eedenfonds, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands.
ter Steege, H. (ed.) (2000). Plant diversity in Guyana. With recommendations for a National Protected
Area Strategy. Tropenbos Series 18. The Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
ter Steege, H., Sabatier, S., Castellanos, H., van Andel, T., Duivenvoorden, J., de Oliveira, A.A., Ek,
R.C., Lilwah, R., Maas, P.J.M., & Mori, S.A. (2000). An analysis of Amazonian floristic
composition, including those of the Guiana Shield. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16: 801-828.
ter Steege, H., Pitman , N.C.A., Sabatier, S., Castellanos, H., van der Hout, P., Daly, D.C., Silveira, M.,
Phillips, O., Vasquez, R. van Andel, T., Duivenvoorden, J., de Oliveira, A.A., Ek, R.C., Lilwah,
R., Thomas, R.A., van Essen, J., Baider, C., Maas, P.J.M., Mori, S.A., Terborgh J., NuñezVargas, P Mogollón, H. & Morawetz, W. (2003). A spatial model of tree _-diversity and density for the Amazon Region. Biodiversity and Conservation accepted.
van Andel, T. (2001) Floristic composition and diversity of mixed primary and secondary forests in
northwest Guyana. Biodiversity and Conservation 10: 1645-1682 2001
Appendix 1: List of all trees of plot “Trésor 1”
Names subject to change.
ID
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
remark
Dacryodes cf nitens
Gustavia hexapetala
Miconia cf acuminata
Tovomita sp2
Protium opacum
Aspidosperma marcgravianum
Sterculia sp.
Thyrsodium puberulum
Ruizterania albiflora
Pouteria fimbriata
Chimarrhis turbinata
Lacmellea aculeata
Qualea rosea
Inga sp2
Sterculia sp2
Protium sp4
Maquira guianensis
Cupania scrobiculata
Quararibea duckei
Gustavia hexapetala
Dendrobangia boliviana
Qualea rosea
Qualea rosea
Styrax sp.
Qualea rosea
NYCTAGYNACEAE
Pouteria bangii
Chrysophyllum prieurii
Inga cf. huberi
Goupia glabra
Lecythis aurantiaca
Sterculia cf. pruriens
Tabebuia cf. serratifolia
Vantanea parviflora
Fusaea longifolia
Qualea rosea
Unonopsis rufescens
Sterculia sp.
Eschweilera grandiflora
Miconia sp.
Micropholis guianensis
Protium cf. guianensis
Qualea rosea
Vantanea parviflora
SAPOTACEAE
DBH
43.7
21.6
27.6
18.5
16.1
46.6
12.4
22
95
21
60
17.9
15
35
17.3
18.5
18.4
11.2
10.1
17.8
27.9
15.4
30.4
35
15.4
16.6
30.6
55
11.1
29.4
20.9
31.1
20.6
35.8
16
23.2
11.4
11.1
64
14.3
25.7
10.1
13.3
20
dead
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
Parkia nitida
Qualea rosea
Quararibea duckei
Henriettella flavescens
Platymiscium sp.
Moronobea coccinea
Protium opacum
Eschweilera coriacea
Qualea rosea
Tabernaemontana attenuata
Lecythis persistens
Sterculia pruriens
Tetragastris panamensis
Tovomita sp2
Aniba guianensis
Mouriri huberi
Eschweilera coriacea
Ormosia cf. coccinea
Qualea rosea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Cupania scrobiculata
Cupania scrobiculata
Inga longipedunculata
Qualea rosea
Eschweilera chartaceifolia
Chimarrhis turbinata
Zygia racemosa
Gustavia hexapetala
Lecythis persistens
Minquartia guianensis
Lecythis persistens
Protium decandrum
Allophylus sp2
Vochysia tomentosa
Pouteria singularis
Sloanea sp.
MYRTACEAE3
Chimarrhis turbinata
Qualea rosea
Ficus sp.
Inga longipedunculata
Protium sp4
Miconia sp2
Sterculia pruriens
Qualea rosea
Guarea cf. grandifolia
Qualea rosea
Quararibea duckei
Sterculia pruriens
Inga sp1
16.2
20.3
14.3
13
19.5
45.8
20
51.6
15.5
11.8
28.4
32.3
11
11.6
13.1
11.1
44.2
31.6
39.9
55
12.9
10.8
19.6
24.1
14.9
50
40
19.6
15.8
19
34.8
25.6
18.6
60
11.3
30
11.3
50
25.4
100
17.9
31.8
11.3
14
15
21.9
14.5
11.6
28.8
15
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
Protium opacum
Lecythis persistens
Sterculia sp.
Qualea rosea
Protium sp4
Eugenia sp2
Pouteria sp.
Theobroma subincanum
Cupania scrobiculata
Sterculia pruriens
Fusaea longifolia
Quararibea duckei
Inga longipedunculata
Tapura guianensis
Pourouma velutina
Lecythis aurantiaca
Psidium sp.
Inga sarmentosa
MYRTACEAE1
Theobroma subincanum
Tovomita sp 5
Eschweilera grandiflora
Posoqueria latifolia
Pouteria durlandii
Eugenia sp1
Loreya arborescens
Myrciaria dubia
Symphonia sp1
Pouteria guianensis
Eschweilera grandiflora
Pouteria speciosa
Theobroma subincanum
Quararibea duckei
Caryocar glabrum
Lecythis aurantiaca
Eschweilera coriacea
Iryanthera sagotiana
Vitex triflora
Qualea rosea
Inga longipedunculata
Inga longipedunculata
Tapura guianensis
Eschweilera coriacea
Qualea rosea
Pouteria sp1
Caryocar glabrum
Iryanthera sagotiana
Inga sarmentosa
Dendrobangia boliviana
Eschweilera grandiflora
14.3
11.9
14.3
40.9
10.9
14.6
25.6
12.9
13.4
47.9
11.7
11.7
32
12
35.6
15.1
14.8
35.4
13
27.8
11
115
11.7
19.4
10.4
15.3
22.3
11.4
34.5
80
21.4
27.2
10.4
13.6
11.5
12.9
15.9
17
23.5
11.3
18.5
12.8
13.1
16.7
13.8
130
27.1
12.2
11.9
62.1
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
Pradosia ptychandra
Lecythis persistens
Virola kwatae
Qualea rosea
Qualea rosea
Drypetes variabilis
Miconia cf. acuminata
Pouteria cuspidata
Miconia sp3
MYRTACEAE1
MYRTACEAE1
Pouteria cuspidata
Erisma uncinatum
Poraqueiba guianensis
Pouteria sp1
Aniba guianensis
Lecythis poiteaui
Eschweilera coriacea
Dendrobangia boliviana
Inga longipedunculata
Minquartia guianensis
Qualea rosea
Virola michelii
MYRTACEAE2
Qualea rosea
Lecythis aurantiaca
Inga sp3
Eschweilera coriacea
Myrciaria dubia
Qualea rosea
Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana
Psychotria sp.
Psychotria sp.
Psychotria sp.
Psychotria sp.
Lecythis persistens
Astrocaryum sciophilum
Myrciaria dubia
Ocotea schomburgkiana
Eschweilera coriacea
Sloanea sp.
Simaba polyphylla
Minquartia guianensis
Unonopsis rufescens
Euplassa pinnata
Minquartia guianensis
Iryanthera sagotiana
Vantanea parviflora
Siparuna cristata
Virola kwatae
13.5
17.9
50
42
31
10.6
28
29.2
10.2
17.1
12.9
22.1
50
10.5
15.9
31.8
70.1
45.9
40.1
20.5
55
25.7
19.1
11.8
41.2
14.2
19.4
22.6
14.8
46.5
47.1
34.8
27.9
10.8
24.4
28
13.5
12.8
52.9
25.7
17.2
31.7
39.4
13.1
dead
40
12.2
22
14.4
60
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
Lecythis persistens
Ormosia cf. coccinea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Rhodostemonodaphne cf. kunthiana
Amaioua sp1
Inga gracilifolia
Poraqueiba guianensis
Amaioua sp1
Talisia simaboides
Ruizterania albiflora
Lecythis holcogyne
Pouteria cf. decorticans
Eschweilera coriacea
Vantanea parviflora
Qualea rosea
Eschweilera coriacea
Tabernaemontana undulata
Capirona decorticans
Dussia discolor
Eugenia cf. patrisii
Lecythis aurantiaca
Pouteria hispida
Trichilia sp.
Xylopia nitida
Miconia cf. acuminata
Tachigali melinonii
Allophylus sp1
Loreya arborescens
Eschweilera coriacea
Lecythis praeclara
Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera grandiflora
Rhodostemonodaphne rufovirgata
Jacaranda copaia
Chimarrhis turbinata
Qualea rosea
Sterculia pruriens
Xylopia nitida
Psychotria sp.
Loreya arborescens
Miconia sp2
Theobroma velutinum
Ruizterania albiflora
Trichilia sp.
Lecythis persistens
Tapura guianensis
Chimarrhis turbinata
Bocoa prouacensis
Poraqueiba guianensis
Pradosia ptychandra
17.2
24.3
65
15.5
10
52
10
10
21.5
82.5
27.5
16.2
30.8
56.9
12.1
35
11.9
22.7
115
15
11.3
15.2
24.3
16.1
24.1
12.1
11.8
12.3
35
23.7
17.4
35.5
26.2
20.9
51
15.2
28.2
28.9
11.7
16.4
11.6
13.9
44.8
19.2
13.1
12.6
50
19
18.1
31.5
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
Lacunaria crenata
MYRTACEAE
Unonopsis rufescens
Eschweilera cf. pedicellata
Bombacopsis nervosa
Lecythis persistens
Qualea rosea
Tachigali melinonii
Psychotria sp.
Xylopia nitida
Xylopia nitida
Miconia cf. acuminata
Pourouma sp1
Poraqueiba guianensis
Cecropia obtusa
Psidium sp.
Aniba guianensis
Protium decandrum
Pourouma sp2
Pourouma sp3
Sterculia sp1
Tachigali melinonii
Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana
Jacaranda copaia
Miconia cf. acuminata
Xylopia nitida
Lecythis persistens
Pouteria cuspidata
Vochysia tomentosa
Tapura guianensis
Qualea rosea
Lecythis holcogyne
Simaba polyphylla
Minquartia guianensis
Sterculia sp.
Dendrobangia boliviana
Qualea rosea
Lecythis persistens
Lecythis persistens
Gustavia hexapetala
Protium decandrum
Lecythis persistens
Fusaea longifolia
Minquartia guianensis
Eschweilera coriacea
Virola michelii
Cupania scrobiculata
Miconia sp4
Pouteria hispida
Eschweilera grandiflora
10.5
27.5
11
11.1
11.6
15.2
17.1
34.3
16.8
25.5
13.2
33.1
37.6
14.5
19.8
20.2
14.2
15.6
34.2
39.2
17.5
38
19
12.6
14.1
12.1
17.4
13.6
17.6
11.9
22.3
15.7
12.5
11.7
28
55
12.2
12.6
12.6
14.5
26.9
25.6
10.9
31
14.6
17.7
13.5
25.7
24.5
17.3
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
Qualea rosea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Inga longipedunculata
LAURACEAE/Cordia
Qualea rosea
Lecythis persistens
Inga cf. huberi
Virola kwatae
Lecythis persistens
Goupia glabra
Protium giganteum
Macoubea guianensis
Styrax sp.
Ocotea sp.
LAURACEAE
Vouarana guianensis
Pourouma sp3
Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana
Pourouma sp1
Cupania scrobiculata
Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera coriacea
Laetia procera
Eschweilera coriacea
Vouarana guianensis
Dendrobangia boliviana
Qualea rosea
Pouteria cf. petiolata
Inga cf. huberi
Gustavia hexapetala
Mouriri cf. crassifolia
Erisma uncinatum
Pseudopiptadenia suaveolens
Mouriri huberi
Stryphnodendron polystachyum
Qualea rosea
Bombacopsis nervosa
Casearia sp2
Lecythis persistens
Minquartia guianensis
Lecythis persistens
Theobroma subincanum
Theobroma subincanum
Caryocar glabrum
Eschweilera coriacea
Eschweilera coriacea
Jacaranda copaia
Erisma uncinatum
Casearia sp1
Qualea rosea
15.6
29.7
13.5
17.6
11.1
10.2
11.3
33.1
21.4
11.5
10.3
10.6
19
38.8
37.9
13
32.6
13.6
20
20.4
29
64
56
46.4
17.4
13.6
49
34.1
15.2
25.5
23.8
11.3
80
10.6
48.8
26.2
33.4
10.1
21.9
25.7
24.5
14.5
20.2
70
13.8
17.9
16.6
11.1
10.5
12.8
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
Tachigali melinonii
Inga pezizifera
Virola kwatae
Lecythis persistens
Neea sp.
Laetia procera
Miconia sp2
Pourouma sp2
Eschweilera grandiflora
Chimarrhis turbinata
Xylopia nitida
Inga cf. huberi
Protium sp3
Brosimum rubescens
Lecythis aurantiaca
Eschweilera grandiflora
Tapirira obtusa
Thyrsodium puberulum
Lecythis persistens
Lacmellea aculeata
Couratari guianensis
Iryanthera sagotiana
Conceveiba guianensis
Eschweilera coriacea
MYRTACEAE
Eschweilera coriacea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera coriacea
Micropholis sanctae-rosae
Eschweilera coriacea
Tapirira guianensis
Eschweilera grandiflora
Virola kwatae
Lecythis persistens
Terminalia amazonia
Eschweilera grandiflora
Virola multicostata
Eschweilera coriacea
Inga sp1
Ferdinandusa paraensis
Lecythis aurantiaca
Pouteria torta ssp. glabra
Tachigali melinonii
Inga sp2
Iryanthera sagotiana
LAURACEAE/Cordia
Pouteria jariensis
Eschweilera grandiflora
Mouriri sp.
Pouteria hispida
11.7
37.4
45.1
10.7
10.9
18
11.3
29.5
45
50
19.7
54
15.1
16.4
25.4
14.2
16
16.1
18.2
10.4
18.5
12.2
20.2
10.6
13.2
10.1
13.7
34.5
14.1
21.1
46.6
17.2
62
12.6
80
26.2
10.3
23.9
25.8
15
41.6
21.3
22.1
25
11.1
22.1
24.9
37.2
33.7
10.2
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
Cupania scrobiculata
Eschweilera coriacea
Osteophloeum platyspermum
Pouteria singularis
Dendrobangia boliviana
Theobroma subincanum
Tetragastris panamensis
Cheiloclinium cognatum
Minquartia guianensis
Eschweilera coriacea
Thyrsodium spruceanum
Dendrobangia boliviana
Tapura guianensis
Lecythis persistens
Pouteria rodriguesiana
Eschweilera grandiflora
Qualea rosea
Lecythis persistens
Eschweilera coriacea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera grandiflora
Miconia sp2
Lecythis persistens
Eschweilera grandiflora
Eschweilera grandiflora
Protium giganteum
Protium opacum
Protium opacum
Pouteria sp1
Lecythis persistens
Lecythis persistens
Qualea rosea
Eschweilera coriacea
Eschweilera grandiflora
Theobroma subincanum
Lecythis persistens
Sloanea sp.
Simaba polyphylla
Lecythis persistens
Qualea rosea
Diospyros carbonaria
Diospyros carbonaria
Sloanea sp.
Chimarrhis turbinata
Maytenus sp.
Bombacopsis nervosa
Eschweilera apiculata
Eschweilera coriacea
Eschweilera grandiflora
13.8
13.7
45
25.5
18.8
19.1
45
15.4
70
20
25.6
58
10.8
10.8
11.6
35
14.3
11
40
23.4
17.3
13.8
11
36.8
38
13
28
24.8
10.4
10.2
10.4
18.3
12.5
55
21.3
15.6
14
12
34.3
10
13.5
29.4
35
35
15.2
16
28
34.3
26.2
Appendix 2: List of all species of plot “Trésor 1”
The species are listed in order of abundance. Names subject to change.
genus
Qualea
Lecythis
Eschweilera
Eschweilera
Minquartia
Chimarrhis
Cupania
Dendrobangia
Inga
Lecythis
Miconia
Theobroma
Psychotria
Sterculia
Xylopia
Gustavia
Iryanthera
Miconia
Protium
Quararibea
Tachigali
Tapura
Virola
Inga
Miconia
Poraqueiba
Rhodostemonodaphne
Sloanea
Sterculia
Vantanea
Aniba
Bombacopsis
Caryocar
Erisma
Fusaea
Jacaranda
Loreya
Myrciaria
MYRTACEAE
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Protium
Protium
species
rosea
persistens
coriacea
grandiflora
guianensis
turbinata
scrobiculata
boliviana
longipedunculata
aurantiaca
sp.
subincanum
sp.
pruriens
nitida
hexapetala
sagotiana
acuminata
opacum
duckei
melinonii
guianensis
kwatae
cf. huberi
sp2
guianensis
kunthiana
sp
sp
parviflora
guianensis
nervosa
glabrum
uncinatum
longifolia
copaia
arborescens
dubia
sp1
sp1
cuspidata
hispida
decandrum
sp4
Nr trees
34
27
25
24
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Ruizterania
Simaba
Unonopsis
Amaioua
Diospyros
Goupia
Inga
Inga
Inga
Lacmellea
Laetia
LAURACEAE/Cordia
Lecythis
Mouriri
MYRTACEAE
Ormosia
Pourouma
Pourouma
Pourouma
Pouteria
Pradosia
Protium
Psidium
Tetragastris
Thyrsodium
Tovomita
Trichilia
Virola
Vochysia
Vouarana
Allophylus
Allophylus
Aspidosperma
Astrocaryum
Bocoa
Brosimum
Capirona
Casearia
Casearia
Cecropia
Cheiloclinium
Chrysophyllum
Conceveiba
Couratari
Dacryodes
Drypetes
Dussia
Eschweilera
Eschweilera
Eschweilera
albiflora
polyphylla
rufescens
sp1
carbonaria
glabra
sp1
sp2
sarmentosa
aculeata
procera
holcogyne
huberi
?
coccinea
sp1
sp2
sp3
singularis
ptychandra
giganteum var. crassifolium
sp.
panamensis
puberulum
sp2
sp.
michelii
tomentosa
guianensis
sp1
sp2
marcgravianum
sciophilum
prouacensis
rubescens
decorticans
sp1
sp2
obtusa
cognatum
prieurii
guianensis
guianensis
nitens
variabilis
discolor
apiculata
chartaceifolia
pedicellata
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Eugenia
Eugenia
Eugenia
Ferdinandusa
Ficus
Guarea
Henriettella
Inga
Inga
Inga
Lacunaria
LAURACEAE
Lecythis
Lecythis
Macoubea
Maquira
Maytenus
Miconia
Miconia
Micropholis
Micropholis
Moronobea
Mouriri
Mouriri
MYRTACEAE
MYRTACEAE
Neea
NYCTAGINACEAE
Ocotea
Ocotea
Osteophloeum
Parkia
Platymiscium
Posoqueria
Pourouma
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Pouteria
Protium
Protium
Pseudopiptadenia
Rhodostemonodaphne
sp1
sp2
patrisii
paraensis
sp.
grandifolia
flavescens
gracilifolia
pezizifera
sp3
crenata
sp.
poiteaui
praeclara
guianensis
guianensis
sp.
sp3
sp4
guianensis
sanctae-rosae
coccinea
crassifolia
sp.
sp2
sp3
sp.
sp.
schomburgkiana
Sp
platyspermum
nitida
sp.
latifolia
velutina
bangii
decorticans
durlandii
fimbriata
guianensis
jariensis
cf. petiolata
rodriguesiana
sp.
speciosa
torta subsp. glabra
guianensis
sp3
suaveolens
rufovirgata
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Siparuna
Sterculia
Sterculia
Stryphnodendron
Styrax
Styrax
Symphonia
Tabebuia
Tabernaemontana
Tabernaemontana
Talisia
Tapirira
Tapirira
Terminalia
Theobroma
Thyrsodium
Tovomita
Virola
Vitex
Zygia
Individuals
Species
cristata
sp1
sp2
polystachyum
sp1
sp2
sp1
serratifolia
attenuata
undulata
simaboides
guianensis
obtusa
amazonia
velutina
spruceanum
sp5
multicostata
triflora
racemosa
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
442
164