Given:
Resulting Ternary Diagram:
•
•
Using online template for triangular plot, the solubility curve and tie lines were plotted from given data.
X values = 0.5*(% propionic acid)*(% cyclohexanol); Y values = % propionic acid
D=
𝐃𝐃𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂:
amount of propionic acid in cyclohexanol
amount of propionic acid in water
Distribution Coefficients
D3
D2
Exp. No. D1
1 3.095 0.096 39.471
2 2.631 0.120 32.702
3 2.479 0.162 23.981
4 2.376 0.206 18.442
5 2.214 0.283 12.575
W13
W12
W23
8.76 2.83 9.14
15.39 5.85 11.03
22.34 9.01 14.35
26.44 11.13 17.68
30.24 13.66 23.36
W22
95.09
91.9
88.35
85.84
82.65
W33
Slopes of Tie Lines:
TL1
TL2
TL3
TL4
TL5
TL1
TL2
TL3
TL4
TL5
SLOPES (Triangular)
0.0716
0.1254
0.1978
0.2522
0.3191
SLOPES AND INTERCEPTS (Cartesian)
Slope
Intercept
0.0827
2.9062
0.1448
5.9321
0.2284
8.7015
0.2913
10.28
0.3685
11.775
82.1
73.58
63.31
55.88
46.4
W32
2.08
2.25
2.64
3.03
3.69
Relationship between W1 and Tie Line Slope:
W1 Overall Slope
0.0827
0.1448
0.2284
0.2913
0.3685
Bullet 2
W1
Slope (estimated)
15.25
0.20445
22.75
0.30795
0.4
0.35
0.3
Tie Line Slope
5.25
10.35
16.1
20.77
25.98
0.25
y = 0.0138x + 0.006
R² = 0.999
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
W1 Overall
Extract and Raffinate Compositions:
•
•
•
•
•
50:50 wt% mixture of propionic acid and cyclohexanol (625g each), 800g pure water, 2.05 kg total weight
Weight Percentages: 30.5% propionic acid, 30.5% cyclohexanol, 39% water
This composition lies beneath the miscibility curve. A new tie line is estimated using previous equations. The
points at which this new tie line meets the miscibility curve are the compositions of the extract and raffinate
streams.
Extract (Solute Rich): 33% Propionic Acid, 37% Cyclohexanol, 30% Water
Raffinate (Solute Poor): 20% Propionic Acid, 8% Cyclohexanol, 72% Water
Maximum and Minimum Water Added:
•
•
•
The maximum and minimum amount of water necessary to result in two phases can be found by creating a line
on the ternary plot from the pure water point to the 50% propionic acid point. This line intersects the miscibility
curve at two points. From these points, the maximum and minimum wt% water can be determined.
The minimum amount of pure water added to result in 2 phases is 34 wt%, or 0.644 kg.
The maximum amount of pure water added to result in 2 phases is 97 wt%, or 40.42 kg.
Equation for Converting Cartesian and Triangular Coordinates:
The x-values remain the same for both Cartesian and triangular coordinates. The y-value is adjusted according to
the following relationship:
𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 =
√3
∗
2
𝑦𝑦𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
Leaching – Brewing Coffee:
•
Grading based on completion, overall presentation, clarity, organization, and proper citations.