Age of Jackson
(Review: Chapter 10)
1.
2. Andrew
Jackson
• “Old Hickory”
• The Battle of New Orleans
made Jackson a national hero.
• Became our 7th president
• Born into poverty (unlike
previous presidents)
• Popular among Southerners
and Westerners because he
was vulgar and a commoner
3. Inauguration
of
Jackson
Reception held at White House and
everyone was invited to attend.
Became unruly, chaotic
Jackson himself had to escape through a
window to avoid being crushed to death
Many items damaged or stolen as
souvenirs
4. Democratic
Party
• Most of political support
came from South and West.
• Opposed National Bank
• Opposed protective tariff
• Supported states’ rights
• Supported westward
expansion
• Supported expanded suffrage
• Leader: Andrew Jackson
Whig Party
• Most of political support came
from the North
• Supported National Bank
• Supported protective tariff
• Supported a strong central
government
• Leaders: Henry Clay, John
Quincy Adams
5. Jacksonian
Democracy
Suffrage expanded
• Property restrictions removed in order to be qualified
to vote
• Increased the number of voters in the election of 1828
“Spoils System”
• Political supporters rewarded with government jobs
Kitchen Cabinet
• Unofficial presidential advisers who met in the kitchen
of the White House; comprised of newspaper editors,
leaders of Democratic party, etc.
6. Protective
Tariff
North
• Supported tariff
• Protected northern manufacturers from cheap imported goods
South
• Opposed tariff
• With no factories in the South, Southerners had to import
manufactured goods (most of which were from England).
• Protective tariff raised the price of imported goods.
7. Nullification
Crisis
Jackson threatened to use military force (Force Bill) against South
Carolina to enforce the Tariff of 1828 (“Tariff of Abominations”)
South Carolina had passed a bill of Nullification showing their
intent not to enforce the tariff within their state.
• John C. Calhoun (Vice President) supported South
Carolina.
8. Nullification
Crisis
Brought up the issue of the authority of the federal government
versus states’ rights once again
• Previous instances involved the Kentucky and Virginia
Resolutions and the Hartford Convention.
9. Worcester
v. Georgia
•
Supreme Court case involving the state of Georgia and its
demand that Cherokees leave land that had been given to them
in a federal treaty.
•
Georgia wanted the land because of mineral deposits and
increased land for cotton production.
•
Supreme Court supported the Cherokee’s right to the land.
• The Cherokee Nation “is a distinct community, occupying its
own territory.”
10. Jackson’s
Indian Policy
Indian Removal Act of 1830
• Required all Native Americans living east of the Mississippi
River to re-locate to lands west of the Mississippi
Trail of Tears
• The path taken by Native Americans from Georgia to
Oklahoma reservations; forcibly removed
• Resulted in thousands dying along the trail
11. Jackson
vs. the National Bank
Jackson opposed National Bank on the basis it was unconstitutional
and was used by the wealthy to their advantage.
Became a central issue in the Campaign of 1832
• Whigs assumed a veto to renew the bank’s charter would
serve to defeat Jackson in the upcoming election.
• Democrats historically had always opposed the policies of
the National Bank.
Jackson vetoed a bill which would have renewed the charter of the
National Bank and “killed” the National Bank