Volume II, Issue 1
January 2005
Marble Soundness Classification
The assessment of physical properties in natural stone products is a challenging task. The
challenge is not unique to the stone industry in that producers of all natural materials are
charged with developing a system of classifying and categorizing those materials within
their industry. The Marble Soundness Classification System has been with us, essentially
unmodified, for more than half of a century (originating with the National Association of
Marble Producers who merged with the Marble Institute in 1963). Its long, established use
is definitely a result of its simplicity and effectiveness, but perhaps the greatest strength of
this system is that it is linked only to material working properties, and specifically excludes
any relationship with the market value of the materials. The intentional disassociation with
market value has encouraged the objective review of natural stone materials for technical
purposes, while avoiding the temptation to publish inappropriate classifications in the interest of inflating the cost of these materials. The recent incorporation of the Marble Classification data by ASTM into the C503 Standard Specification prompted the publication of this
technical bulletin to educate MIA members about this system. Since this system has been
so successful with marble and marble-like stones, the MIA is currently working on a similar
classification system for granite and granite-like products.
This bulletin contains five sections:
1. Marble Soundness Classification definitions and descriptions (revised since the publication of the Dimension Stone Design Manual, VI)—pages 1-2.
2. How Marbles receive their Soundness Classification—pages 2-3.
3. What is on the horizon for a Granite Soundness Classification System—page 3.
4. Listing of Marbles with Soundness Classification designations—pages 3-10.
5. Understanding Stone Test Reports of Group C Marbles (this is the last article that Vincent Migliore wrote for the Marble Institute)—pages 11-12.
______________________________________________________________________________
Section 1: Marble Soundness Classification
(This text is a revision to that referenced on pages 82-83 of the Dimension Stone Design Manual, VI, and will
be incorporated into next version of the Design Manual)
As a result of knowledge gained from extensive practical experience in the dimension stone
industry, marbles have been classified into four groups known as the Marble Soundness
Classification.
The groupings–A, B, C, and D–should be taken into account when specifying or using marble, for all marbles are not suitable for all building applications. This is particularly true of
the comparatively fragile marbles classified under Groups C and D, which may require additional fabrication before or during installation.
The basis of this classification is the characteristics encountered in fabricating, and has no
reference whatsoever to the comparative merits or value of each type of marble (e.g. an A
class marble is not necessarily more valuable than a D class marble). The classification indicates what method of fabrication is considered necessary and acceptable in each instance
This technical bulletin contains general guidelines. The Marble Institute of America and its Member companies
are not responsible for any use or misuse that causes damage of any kind, including loss of rights, materials,
and personal injury alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this document.
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
Volume II, Issue 1 - Marble Soundness Classification
January 2005
as based on standard trade practice, and applies only to marble and limestone/marble.
The four groups of Marble Soundness Classification are:
Group A Marbles
Sound marbles with uniform and favorable working qualities, containing no obvious geological voids
or fissures. They include completely metamorphosed (recrystallized) limestone or dolostone, in which
non-carbonate minerals associated with clay and silt have been recrystallized or altered into other minerals. These stones have uniform working qualities, can be used on the exterior or interior, and do not
require any filling or patching.
Group B Marbles
Marbles similar in character to Group A, but some geological imperfections could be evident. Group B
Marbles are similar in quality to limestone or dolostone of Group A, except all the non-carbonate minerals associated with clay and silt have not been recrystallized or altered into other minerals. These
marbles may contain holes or voids which are filled with epoxy, shellac, or polyester resin by
“waxing,” “sticking,” or “filling”. Filling is not intended to be noticeable to a great degree, nor is it expected to be perfectly color matched or “glass” smooth. Group B Marbles are suitable for exterior or
interior applications.
Waxing ,sticking and filling (common industry terms) are defined below:
Waxing refers to the practice of filling minor surface imperfections such as voids or sand holes with melted shellac, cabinetmaker’s wax or certain polyester compounds. It does not refer to the application of paste wax to make surfaces shinier.
Sticking describes the butt edge repair of a broken piece, now generally done with dowels, cements, or epoxies. The pieces
are “stuck” together; thus “sticking.”
Filling describes the filling of natural voids in stone units with cements or synthetic resins and similar materials.
Group C Marbles
Group C Marbles comprise the largest and most colorful group of marbles. They may contain all or
some of the following features: holes, voids, lines of separation and structural flaws. Group C Marbles
have variations in working qualities. Many of the non-carbonate minerals associated with clay and silt
have not been recrystallized or altered into other minerals due to incomplete metamorphism.
It is standard practice to repair these variations by use of reinforcing backing, liners, sticking together,
filling with resin or cement, fabricating corners or missing stone with compounds of similar nature,
color and texture. Any other work necessary to hold the stone together is performed to yield a finished
product that is usable for architectural purposes. Upon completion, most repairs can be visible and apparent given a difference in light reflection. Quality of the repair work will vary in this group. With
several exceptions, these marbles are not suitable for exterior application.
Group D Marbles
Marbles which are very similiar to Group C, but contain a larger proportion of natural faults, maximum
variations in working qualities and require more methods of finishing. Few stones carry this designation; it is reserved for only very laborious Group C stones.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Section 2: How Marbles Receive Their Soundness Classification
The actual classification (A, B, C, or D) is determined by the quarry/producer based on the definitions
described above. The Marble Institute of America confirms the designation and publishes the listing.
Quarry/Producer Members desiring that a marble be added or re-classified to this listing should follow
this process:
Step 1: Designate the marble with one of the classifications (using the definitions published in this
technical bulletin and/or Dimension Stone Design Manual, VI).
Step 2: Request that the MIA Technical Department verify the quarry/producer designation. The sup-
2
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
Volume II, Issue 1 - Marble Soundness Classification
January 2005
porting documentation should include the following:
• A letter to the MIA Technical Department stating the classification, stone name, origin, and reason for
the designation.
• 12"x12" (300 mm x 300 mm) sample
• 2-3 photographs featuring close-up images of the vein the stone was taken from.
• Payment of $250 USD (payable to the Marble Institute of America) to cover review and report fees.
• Quarry/producer pays all costs associated with shipping samples, photos, etc.
Step 3: MIA Technical Department issues a report. The classification given in this report is a point of reference only. To work with stone is to work with a product of nature, and products of nature vary from sample
to sample. Further research and testing is normally done to substantiate the stone’s worthiness for particular
applications.
—————————————————————————————————————
Section 3: Granite Soundness Classification System
Currently there is no soundness classification system established for granite. Similar to marble, the unique
properties and characteristics found in various granites also require specific measures to be employed in the
fabrication, handling, and installation practices to ensure quality applications of the material. The Marble
Institute is developing a classification system for granite for use by the stone industry in 2005.
—————————————————————————————————————
Section 4: Listing of Marbles with a Soundness Classification Designation
Many marbles have received a Marble Soundness Classification designation since the inception of this system. The most recent listing of marbles was featured in both Dimension Stone Design Manual, IV (1991),
and the Dimension Stones of the World (2-volume set). Several dozen marbles have received a designation
since these publications were first printed. This technical bulletin includes the most recent list. It is important to note that many of the classifications were originally established by the producer. Therefore consumers are encouraged to investigate a stone’s classification and request documentation about the classification
from the supplier of the product.
Key to Color Range Abbreviations
Black ............................................................................................................................................................................... Blk
Blue-Gray .................................................................................................................................................................... Bl/Gy
Brecciated, Black & White ...................................................................................................................................Brc-Blk/W
Brown ............................................................................................................................................................................. Brw
Buff-Brown-Yellowish .......................................................................................................................................... Bf-Brw-Y
Buff-Cream or Light ...................................................................................................................................................Bf-C/L
Buff-Dark .................................................................................................................................................................... Bf-Dk
Gray.................................................................................................................................................................................. Gy
Gray-Bluish ................................................................................................................................................................. Gy-Bl
Green .................................................................................................................................................................................Gr
Pink .....................................................................................................................................................................................P
Orange ................................................................................................................................................................................ O
Red ..................................................................................................................................................................................... R
Red-Reddish Brown..................................................................................................................................................R-RBrw
Rose...................................................................................................................................................................................Rs
Veined, Brecciated (Bluish or Gray Background).......................................................................................... V, Brc (Bl-Gy)
Veined, Brecciated (Tan or Yellowish Background)......................................................................................... V, Brc (T-Y)
White ................................................................................................................................................................................. W
White-Bluish................................................................................................................................................................. W-BI
White-Brownish......................................................................................................................................................... W-Brw
White-Creamy .............................................................................................................................................................. W-Cr
White-Goldish ............................................................................................................................................................. W-Go
White-Grayish ............................................................................................................................................................. W-Gy
White-Greenish............................................................................................................................................................. W-Gr
Yellow or Gold ............................................................................................................................................................... Y/G
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
3
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Name
Color
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
Name
A
Abancado Laranja
O
Abancado Laranja Claro O
Acquabianca
W-Bl
Adair Marble
W-Bl
Adria Grigio
Gy
Aegean Crystal
W
African Rose
Brw
African Rose Light
Brw
Afyon
Bf-C/L
Afyon White
W
Ajax
W-Cr
Alagao Beige
O
Alba Pallida
Bf/Cl
Alexander White
W
Almiscado
Rs
Alpinina Clara*
Bf-C/L
Alpinina Rosada*
Bf-C/L
Andies Grey
Gy
Apache Gold Vein
Gy
Aphrodisias Cloudy
W-Bl
Aphrodisias White
W
Apollo
Gr
Arebescato
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Alga Marina
Stazzema
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Arni
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Arni Corchia V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Calacatta
Resceto
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Carcaraia
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Cervaiole
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Colletino
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Corchia
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Faniello
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Garfagnana V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato la Mossa
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato M
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Orobico
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Orobico
Grigio Nuvolato
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Orobico
Rosso
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Rosso
Garfagnana
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Siena
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Tombaccio
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Arabescato Vagli
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Arabescato
Bf-Brw-Y
Ardesia
Blk
Arta Pink
P
Asbury Pink
P
Athos White
W
4
Color
Origin
S.C.
A (continued)
Portugal
Portugal
Italy
Canada
Yugoslavia
Greece
Morocco
Morocco
Turkey
Turkey
Greece
Philippines
Italy
Guatemala
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Turkey
Turkey
Taiwan
Italy
C
C
A
B
C
B
C
C
B
A
A
C
C
A
C
C
C
A
C
A
A
B
B
Italy
Italy
Italy
C
C
B
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
C
C
B
C
B
C
B
B
B
C
Italy
C
Italy
C
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
Italy
Greece
U.S.A.
Greece
C
C
C
B
B
D
B
A
A
Aurisina Chiara
Aurisina Fiorito
Aurisina Granitello
Avorio Beta
Avorio di Siena
Avorio Siena
Gy
Gy
Gy
Bf-C/L
Y/G
Y/G
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
B
B
B
C
C
C
Brw
Gy-Bl
Bl/Gy
Gy
Gy-Bl
Bl/Gy
Gy
Gy
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
O
Bf-C/L
Blk
Blk
R
Gr
V, Brc(Cr-W)
W-Gy
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W-Gy
W-Gy
Blk
Blk
Blk
Blk
Blk
Blk
Bl/Gy
W
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Philippines
Mexico
Philippines
Spain
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Guatemala
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Greece
Yugoslavia
Italy
Greece
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Greece
Spain
Spain
France
France
Spain
A
B
C
B
B
B
D
A
C
C
C
C
B
B
C
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
A
A
A
A
D
D
B
C
D
D
C
A
W
Bf-C/L
Blk
Bl/Gy
W-Brw
W-Gy
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Spain
Mexico
Belguim
France
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
France
A
C
C
C
A
A
C
B
Baker Dark Cedar
Bardiglietto
Bardiglio Cappella
Bardiglio Carrara
Bardiglio Carrara Chiaro
Bardiglio Carrara Scuro
Bardiglio Costa
Basaltina
Beige Classic*
Beige Maya
Beige Peach*
Beige Serpentina
Belgium Black
Belgium Blue*
Belgium Red Light
Belice Verde
Bettogli Vein
Bianco Arni
Bianco Carrara B
Bianco Carrara C
Bianco Carrara C/D
Bianco Carrara D
Bianco Cristal
Bianco de Nieve
Bianco P
Bianco Pentelicon
Bianco Venato Gioia
Biancospino
Black and Gold
Black and Gold Extra
Black Levadias
Black Marquina*
Black Principessa
Black Saint Laurent
Blanc Bleute de Savoie
Blanco Macael
Blanco Macael
Heavy Veined
Blanco Marfil
Bleu Belge
Blue Savoy
Boardman Brown
Boardman Vein
Bois Jourdan
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Color
Name
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
B (continued)
Botticino Clasico
Botticino Classico
Botticino Fiorito
Botticino Magnus
Botticino Perlato
Botticino Royal
Botticino Sicilia
Botticino Sicilia Royal
Botticino Standard
Branco Mar*
Branco Rosal*
Brazilian Rose
Brazilian White
Breccia Aurora
Breccia Aurora IMV
Breccia Carsica
Breccia Karnezeika
Breccia Novella
Breccia Oniciata
Breccia Pernice
Brecha da Ota*
Brecha Lioz*
Brecha Perola *
Brecha Portuguesa*
Brecha Tavira Dourada*
Brecha Tavira Vermelha*
Breche Maritime
Breche Noire
Breche Nouvelle
Breche Ronceveaux
Bronceado
Brown Beige*
Brown Chios
Brown Terra
Brown Tourmalion
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
W-Cr
W-Cr
Rs
W
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(T-Y)
Bf-Dk
V, Brc(T-Y)
Gy
Bf-C/L
V, Brc(T-Y)
Brw
R-RBrw
R-RBrw
Brw
Brw
R-RBrw
Bf-C/L
Brc-Blk/W
Brw
Brc-Blk/W
Y/G
Brw
Brw
Brw
Brw
Café Goleta
Calacata Campo Cecina
Calacata Cremo
Calacata Cremo Massa
Calacata di Siena
Calacatta
Calacatta Tirreno
Calacatta Vagli
Calacatta Vagli Rosato
Caliza Capri
Campan Rose Vert
Campan Rouge
Capistrano
Cassino Rosa
Cedar Rose
Brw
V, Brc(Cr-W)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Y/G
V, Brc(Cr-W)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
W-Cr
W-Cr
Bf-C/L
Gr
R
Bf-C/L
Rs
R-RBrw
Color
Name
Origin
S.C.
C (continued)
Puerto Rico
Italy
Italy
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Portugal
Portugal
Brazil
Brazil
Italy
Italy
Italy
Greece
France
Italy
Italy
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Portigal
France
France
France
Spain
Philippines
Greece
Venezuela
France
A
C
C
A
A
C
C
C
C
B
B
C
A
D
D
C
C
D
D
D
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
B
C
R-RBrw
Gy
Blk
R
Bf-Brw-Y
Brc-Blk/W
Bf-Brw-Y
P
P
W
Bf-C/L
Rs
bf-C/L
Rs
P
Bf-Brw-Y
W-Go
Gr
W
Br-Brw-Y
Bf-Brw-Y
R
W
Gr
R-RBrw
Rs
P
Bf-C/L
Y/G
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Brw
Bf-C/L
W-Cr
E-Bl
R
W-Gr
U.S.A.
France
U.S.A.
France
France
France
France
France
France
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Brazil
Italy
Italy
Taiwan
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Italy
U.S.A.
Ireland
U.S.A
Spain
U.S.A.
Australia
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Italy
Italy
U.S.A.
Italy
U.S.A.
A
C
A
C
B
C
A
A
C
A
C
C
C
C
C
A
C
B
B
C
C
D
C
C
D
C
A
A
C
C
C
C
C
B
A
C
A
Mexico
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
France
France
Philippines
Italy
U.S.A.
B
C
C
C
C
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
A
W-Gr
W
U.S.A.
Greece
A
A
Spain
Taiwan
Taiwan
Greece
Greece
Italy
China
Turkey
Spain
Spain
C
C
C
C
B
C
C
C
C
C
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
5
C
Cedar Tavernelle
Cevenol
Champlain Black
Chandolin*
Chanteuil
Charcoal Saint Jean
Chassagne Beige
Chassagne Rose
Chassagne Violine
Cherokee
Chiampo Mandorlaro
Chiampo Paglierino
Chiampo Perlato
Chiampo Porfirico
Chiampo Rosa
Chocolate Brun Amazone
Cipollino Dorato
Cipollino Verde Apuano
Claro
Cliffdale “A” Dark
Cliffdale “B” Light
Collemandina
Colorado Yule
Connemara Marble
Coral Rouge Fleuri
Coralito
Craig Pink Tennessee
Cream Wombeyan
Crema Espanol
Crema Levante
Crema Marfil*
Crema Nuevo
Crème Perla
Cremo Delicato
Creole
Crocidolite
Crystal Stratus Danby
Crystal Stratus
Veined Danby
Crystalina White
D
Dark Emperador*
Dark Green Antique
Dark Hualian Jade
Desert Peach
Desert Pink
Dolcetto Perlato
Doppio Nero
Dove
Duchessa Rosa
Duquesa Gris
Brw
Gr
Gr
O
P
Bf-C/L
Blk
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Rs
Gy
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Color
Name
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
Name
D (continued)
Duquesa Rosa
Rs
Edward Pink
Emperador Light
Eretria Red
Estremoz Branco
Estremoz Crème
Estremoz Vergadas
Estremoz Vergadas
Catanhas
Etremoz Vergado
Etremoz Vergado Escuro
Etowah Fleuri
Etowah Pink
Eureka Danby
Fantastico Arni
Farges*
Fawntan*
Filleto America
Filleto Rosso
Filetto Rosso Classico
Fior di Mare
Fior di Pesco
Fior di Pesco Carnico
Florido*
Forest Green
Formosa Black
Formosa White
French Antique Gray
French Red
French Rouge Antique
Gr
Bf-C/L
Brw
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Gy
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Blk
Gr
Blk
W
Gy
R
R-RBrw
Galaxy
Giallo di Siena
Giallo Mori
Giallo Siena
Giallo Siena Avorio
Giallo Siena Unito
Gold Black
Gray St. Anne Alpha
Gray St. Anne Basque
Gray/White Wombeyan
Greek White
Grey Duchess
Grigio Carnico
Grigio Romano
Grimaldi
W-Cr
Y/G
Y/G
Y/G
Y/G
Y/G
Blk
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Gy
W
Gy
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Gy
Gy
Origin
S.C.
G (continued)
Spain
C
P
Brw
R
W
Bf-C/L
W
U.S.A.
Spain
Greece
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
A
C
C
A
A
A
W-Brw
W
W
P
P
W-Brw
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
A
A
A
A
A
A
Italy
France
Philippines
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
Italy
Taiwan
Taiwan
France
France
France
D
C
C
C
C
C
B
D
D
C
C
B
A
C
C
C
Greece
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Honduras
France
France
Australia
Greece
Spain
Italy
Italy
France
A
C
C
C
C
C
A
B
B
B
A
C
D
C
C
E
F
G
6
Color
Gris Antique
Gris Duquesa
Gris Goleta
Gris Macael
Gris Paloma
Gris Perla
Gris Tellez
Gris Tepeaca
Gris Terrazo
Guatemala Antique Green
Guatemala Emerald
Green
Guatemala Extra White
Guatemala Gold
Guatemala Gray
Guatemala Standard
White
Guatemala Veined Gray
Guatemala White
Blk
Gy
Gy-Bl
Gy
Gy
Gy-Bl
W-Gy
Gy
Gy
Gr
Belgium
Spain
Mexico
Spain
France
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Guatemala
B
C
B
A
C
B
B
B
B
C
Gr
W
Y/G
Gy
Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala
C
A
A
A
W
Gy
W
Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala
A
A
A
France
U.S.A.
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan
B
A
C
C
C
B
C
H
Hauteville
Highland Danby
Hualian Jade
Hualien Green
Hualien Jewel
Hualien White B
Hualien White C
Bf-C/L
Gy
Gr
Gr
Gr
V, Brc(Cr-W)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Ilios
Imperial Black
Imperial Brown
Imperial Calacata
Imperal Danby
Imperial Emperador
Brown
Incarnat Turquin
Italian Cremo
Italian Pearl*
Italian Pink
W-Gy
Blk
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
W
Greece
U.S.A.
Spain
Italy
U.S.A.
A
B
B
C
A
Brw
Gy
W-Cr
Bf-C/L
P
Spain
Spain
Italy
Philippines
Italy
C
C
C
C
B
Jade Green
Jaspe Gris
Jaspe Rosa
Jerusalem Stone*
Juane Rose
Jura
Jura Beige
Jura Giallo
Gr
C, Brc(Bl-Gy)
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Bf-C/L
Rs
Brw
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Taiwan
Mexico
Mexico
Israel
Norway
Germany
Germany
Germany
C
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
I
J
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Color
Name
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
Name
J (continued)
Jura Gray
Jura Melange
Gy-Bl
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Origin
S.C.
N (continued)
Germany
Germany
A
A
K
K-Beige*
Color
Philippines C
L
Lambery Cedar
Larrys
Lasa Bianco Vena Oro
Lasa Bianco Venato
Lee White
Light Beige
Light Verde Jade
Lido
Lioz
Lioz Crème
Loredo Chiaro
Loredo IMV
Loredo Rubane
Luck Dark Cedar
Luck Dark Cedar
Tavernelle
Luck Dark Rose
Luck Light Rose
Luck Medium Rose
R-RBrw
Bf-C/L
W-Go
W
W
Bf-C/L
Gr
Gy
Rs
Bf-Brw-Y
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(T-Y)
Bf/Dk
R-RBrw
U.S.A.
France
Italy
Italy
U.S.A.
Philippines
Taiwan
Morocco
Portugal
Portugal
Italy
Italy
Italy
U.S.A.
B
B
A
A
A
B
C
B
C
C
D
D
C
B
R-RBrw
Rs
Rs
Rs
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
B
A
A
A
Macchiavecchia
Manyas White
Marblehaus Beige
Marbre du Roi
Mariposa Alagao*
Mariposa Danby
Marron Braun*
Marron Emperador*
Marron Imperial*
Maya
Mezzotint
Mink Black
Mino Nero Antique
Moca Crème*
Montclair Danby
V, Brc(T-Y)
W
Bf-C/L
R
O
W-Gr
Brw
Brw
Brw
Bf-C/L
Gy
Brw
Blk
Bf-C/L
W-Gr
Italy
Turkey
Philippines
France
Philippines
U.S.A.
Spain
Spain
Spain
Mexico
U.S.A.
Honduras
Mexico
Portugal
U.S.A.
D
A
B
C
C
A
C
C
C
C
A
A
C
B
A
Napoleon Grand Melange
Napoleon Grey
Napoleon Tigre
Naxos
Negro Marquina*
Negro Monterrey
Bf-C/L
Gy
Bf-C/L
W
Blk
Blk
France
U.S.A
France
Greece
Spain
Mexico
C
A
C
A
C
B
M
N
Nero Marquina*
Nero St. Laurent
Noir Cihigue
Noir Fleuri
Norwegian Rose
Norwegian Rose (M.L)
Norwegian Rose (M.S.)
Notre Dame
Notre Dame A
Nowshera Maroon
Nuovo Brocatello
Nuvoltao Apuano
Blk
Blk
Blk
Blk
Rs
Rs
Rs
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
R
V, Brc(T-Y)
Gy-Bl
Olho de Sapo
Ozark Famosa
Ozark Fleuri
Ozark Grey Vein
Bf-C/L
Brw
Gy
Gy
Spain
France
France
France
Norway
Norway
Norway
France
France
Pakistan
Italy
Italy
C
D
C
C
B
B
B
C
C
C
B
B
Portugal
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
B
C
A
A
Italy
Italy
Italy
Portugal
U.S.A.
Italy
Guatemala
U.S.A.
Greece
Mexico
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Philippines
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Belgium
Italy
Italy
Italy
Greece
Spain
Greece
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
Italy
C
D
D
A
A
C
A
A
A
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
B
B
B
B
A
C
B
A
A
D
D
D
O
P
Paonazzetto
Paradiso
Paradiso D
Pardais
Pavonazzo
Pearl Beige
Pearl Gray
Pearl Grey
Pentelicon White
Penuela
Peperino Grigio
Peperino Rosato
Perla Marina
Perlato d’Italia
Perlato Philippines*
Perlato Royal
Perlato Sicilia
Perlato Suevo
Perlino Rosato
Petit Granit
Piastraccia
Pietra del Cardosa
Pietra di Luserna
Pilion Pink
Pink Dutchess
Pink Ioannina
Pink Tennessee
Plateau Danby
Porto Extra
Portoro Macchia Fine
Portoro Macchia Larga
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Brw
Brw
Rs
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Bf-C/L
W-Gy
Gy
W
Bf-Dk
Gy
R
W-Cr
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
P
Blk
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Gy
Gr
P
Rs
P
Rs
W-Gy
Blk
Blk
Blk
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
7
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Color
Name
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
P (continued)
Pouillenay
Primavera
Pumpokha White
Bf-C/L
Bf-Brw-Y
W
Gr
Guatemala
C
U.S.A.
Honduras
Yugoslavia
Spain
Spain
Greece
Italy
Italy
France
Italy
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
France
France
France
France
France
Spain
Spain
Spain
Italy
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Mexico
Portugal
Italy
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Spain
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Norway
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Greece
Portugal
Yugoslavia
Italy
A
A
D
C
C
C
D
D
C
C
A
A
B
B
B
C
B
B
B
C
C
C
B
A
A
A
C
A
C
A
A
A
C
B
B
D
B
B
C
C
A
C
C
R
Radio Black
Rainbow
Rasotica
Red Duquesa
Red Dutchess
Red Eretria
Red Levanto
Red Levanto Rai
Red Royale
Red Verona
Regal Blue
Regal White Danby
Repen Classico Chiaro
Repen Classico Zolla
Revermont
Roc Argent
Rochebelle Beige*
Rochebelle Rose*
Rocheret*
Rojo Alicante*
Rojo Bilbao
Rojo Coralito
Roman Stone
Rosa Aurora A
Rosa Aurora B
Rosa Aurora C
Rosa Clasico
Rosa de Borba
Rosa del Garda
Rosa do Monte
Rosa do Monte A
Rosa do Monte B
Rosa Duquesa
Rosa Emperador
Rosa Imperial
Rosa Mexico
Rosa Norvegia
Rosa Portogallo
Rosa Salmon
Rosa Surpi
Rosa Vergado
Rosalit
Rosato
8
Blk
Gy
Brw
Rs
Rs
R
R
R
R
R
Bl/Gy
W-Cr
Gy
Gy
Bf-C/L
Gy
Bf-C/L
P
Y/G
R
R
R
Gy
W
Bf-C/L
W
Rs
Rs
Rs
O
Rs
Rs
Rs
Bf-C/L
V, Brc(Cr-W)
R
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
V, Brc(T-Y)
Color
Origin
S.C.
R (continued)
France
A
Philippines B
Pakistan
A
Q
Quetzal Green
Name
Rosatta*
Rose Aurora
Rose De Felines
Rose Gray
Rose Turquesa
Rosso Alicante*
Rosso Antico d’Italia
Rosso Asiago
Rosso Collemandina
Rosso Coralito
Rosso Francia
Rosso Levanto
Rosso Magnaboschi
Rosso Magnaboschi
Fiorito
Rosso Rubino
Rosso Verona
Rosso Verona Broccato
Rouge Antique
Rouge Incarnat
Rouge Matadof
Rouge Turquin
Royal Danby
Royal Fleuri
Royal White
Rubane
Ruivina Clara
Ruivina Escura
Ruivina Raiado
R-RBrw
Rs
Bf-Brw-Y
Gy
Rs
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Philippines
Portugal
France
U.S.A.
Spain
Spain
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
France
Italy
Italy
C
A
D
A
C
C
D
C
D
C
C
D
C
R
R
R
R
R-RBrw
R
R
Gy
W-Bl
R-RBrw
W
Bf-C/L
W-Gy
Gy
W-Gy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
France
France
Spain
France
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Taiwan
France
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
A
D
A
C
B
B
A
Saint Corneille
Saint Florient
Saint Florient Rose
Saint Jean Fleury
Salanti Red
Salome/Leopard
Santo Tomas
Selji Cream
Semi-Rijo*
Serpeggiante Classico
Serpeggiante di Trani
Serpeggiante Silverbella
Serpentine
Serpentine Verde Scuro
Serpentino Classico
Serpentino di Fundres
Sierra Madre
Snow White
Spanish Black*
St. Anne African Vein
St. Florient
Bf-C/L
Rs
Rs
Brc-Blk/W
R
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
R-RBrw
Bf-C/L
W-Cr
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(T-Y)
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Bf-Brw-Y
W
Blk
Blk
Rs
France
Portugal
Portugal
France
Greece
Turkey
Mexico
Yugoslavia
Portugal
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Germany
Greece
Spain
Morocco
Portugal
B
C
C
C
C
C
A
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
A
A
C
C
C
S
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
Color
Name
Origin
January 2005
S.C.
Name
S (continued)
R-RBrw
R
W
W
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Mexico
Italy
Taiwan
Italy
Italy
A
C
B
B
B
V, Brc(T-Y)
V, Brc(Cr-W)
Gy
V, Brc(T-Y)
Gy
Brc-Blk/W
Gy
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Italy
Honduras
Honduras
Turkey
C
C
A
B
A
B
C
Taiwan Jade
Taiwan Green
Tavernelle Chiampo
Mandorlato
Tea Rose
Teresa Beige*
Thassos A-1
Thassos White
Tienshan Jade
Tigre
Tikal Green
Tinos Green
Tinos Green Dark
Topaze*
Trani Chiaro
Trani Perlato
Trani Unito
Trigaxes Claro
Trigaxes Escuro
Tropical Gray
Tropical White
Tsipolino
Gr
Gr
Taiwan
Taiwan
C
C
Bf-C/L
Bl/Gy
Bf-C/L
W
W
Gr
Bf-C/L
Gr
Gr
Gr
W-Cr
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Bf-C/L
Gy
Gy
Gy
W-Gy
Gy-Bl
Italy
China
Philippines
Greece
Greece
Taiwan
France
Guatemala
Greece
Greece
Portugal
Italy
Italy
Italy
Portugal
Portugal
Honduras
Honduras
Greece
C
C
C
A
A
C
C
C
B
C
C
C
C
C
A
A
A
B
B
T
U
Gy-Bl
Italy
P
Brc-Blk/W
Brc-Blk/W
P
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Verde Dorato
Verde Fraye
Verde Giada
Verde Gressoney
Verde Imperiale
Verde Issorie
Verde Patrizia
Verde Smeraldo
Verde St. Denis
Verde Svezia
Verde Tiffany
Verde Tinos
Verde Viana Claro
Verde Viana Cristal
Verde Viana Escuro
Veria White
Vermont Verde Antique
Vert d’Estours
Vert d’Irlande
Vert Jade
Vert Racega
Villa Gray
Villebois*
Vize Pink
Volou Pink
Vulcano
S.C.
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Sweden
Italy
Greece
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Greece
U.S.A.
France
Ireland
Italy
Italy
China
France
Turkey
Greece
Italy
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
B
C
C
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
A
B
C
W-Gy
W
W
W
W
W
W-Gy
W-Go
Canada
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
W-Go
W
U.S.A.
Italy
A
B
Portugal
C
Italy
Italy
C
C
W
Waterloo White
White Alabama
White Carrara
White Carrara C
White Carrara C/A
White Carrara D
White Cherokee
White Georgia
White Georgia Golden
Vien
White Veined Statuary
X
Xita*
Spain
Taiwan
Taiwan
Venezuela
Italy
Italy
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gy
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
W
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
Gr
V, Brc(Bl-Gy)
Gy
P
P
Bf-Dk
A
V
Valencia Rose
Veined Black B
Veined Black C
Venezuelan Pink
Verde Acceglio
Verde Alpi Cesana
Verde Antique
Verde Antonio
Verde Aver
Origin
V (continued)
St. Thomas
Stalattite
Staro
Statuario Venato Carrara
Statuary Vein
Ste. Genevieve Golden
Vein
Ste. Genevieve Rose
Sterling Grey
Sunflower
Sunset
Superior Black
Supren
Uliano Venato
Color
B
C
C
B
D
C
C
C
C
P
Y
Yellow Siena
Yellow Verona
Y/G
Y/G
_________________________________
* Denotes hard or dolomitic limestones capable of taking a
polish and known commercially as marble.
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.
9
Volume II, Issue 1 – Marble Soundness Classification
January 2005
Onyx Varieties
Name
Color
Origin
S.C.
A
Agata Malaga
Arabescato Vittoria
Brw
Spain
V, Brc(Cr-W) Norway
Bl/Gy
Bf-C/L
Imperial Travertine
Incas Golden Travertine
Y/G
Y/G
Peru
Spain
Peru
C
C
Italy
C
Italy
C
Italy
Italy
C
C
Italy
C
Peru
Mexico
C
D
Italy
C
P
U.S.A.
C
P
Brw
Bf-Dk
U.S.A.
Italy
Italy
C
C
C
U.S.A
Italy
Italy
Mexico
Portugal
Spain
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
Italy
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Italy
C
D
N
Mexican Onyx
V, Brc(Cr-W) Mexico
Onice Pakistan
Onyx Carbino
Gr
Bl/Gy
Bf-C/L
C
M
C
O
Oniciato (Roman
Travertine)
Osso Travertine
Brw
Bf-C/L
O
P
Pakistan
Peru
D
D
P
Pakistan Onyx
Gr
Pakistan
D
Pantheon (Roman Classic
Travertine)
Bf-C/L
Peruvian Golden
Travertine
Y/G
Pueblo Travertine
Bf-C/L
R
V
Vista Grande Onyx
W-Brw
Vista Grande Onyx Vein W-Brw
S.C.
M
Navona Travertine
Spain
Origin
I
Montemerano Travertine Bf-Dk
H
Honey Onyx
Color
C
D
C
Cabrino
Name
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
C
C
Remo (Roman Classic
Travertine)
W-Cr
S
Travertine Varieties
The soundness classification of “C” for most travertines is
the result of the filling process used. Unfilled travertines
would be classified in either group “A” or “B.” Contact
your travertine producer for additional information.
Scheherazade Fleuri
Travertine
Scheherazade Vein
Travertine
St. Peter Travertine
Striato Travertine
C
Caesar (Roman
Classic Travertine)
Classico (Roman
Classic Travertine)
Colosseo (Roman
Classic Travertine)
Continental Buff
Travertine
T
Bf-C/L
Italy
C
Bf-C/L
Italy
C
Bf-C/L
Italy
C
Bf-C/L
U.S.A.
C
Bf-C/L
Bf-Dk
Turkey
U.S.A.
C
C
Y/G
U.S.A.
C
D
Denizli Travertine
Desert Crème Travertine
Desert Gold Fleuri
Travertine
Desert Gold Veined
Travertine
10
Temple Crème Travertine Bf-C/L
Travertine “N”
Bf-C/L
Travertine BS Larry Light Bf-C/L
Travertine Light
Bf-C/L
Travertino
Brw
Travertino Iberico
Bf-C/L
Travertino Moonlight
Bf-C/L
Travertino Nole
Brw
Travertino Paglierino
Bf
Travertino Rojo
R-RBrw
Travertino Silver
Gr-Bl
W
Walnut Travertine
Y/G
U.S.A.
Brw
C
© 2004 Marble Institute of America. May be reproduced with credit given to Marble Institute of America.