Flash Eurobarometer
European
Commission
Introduction of the euro
in the New Member
States
Analytical Report
Fieldwork: March 31 – April 5 2006
Flash Eurobarometer 183 – Gallup Europe
Publication: June 2006
This survey was requested by Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs and
coordinated by Directorate General Communication
This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission.
The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.
Flash EB Series #183
Introduction of the euro
in the new Member States
Wave 3
Conducted by
The Gallup Organisation Hungary/Europe
upon the request of the European Commission,
Directorate-General “Economic and Financial
Affairs”
Survey organised and managed by the
Eurobarometer Team of Directorate-General
“Communication”
This document does not reflect the views of the
European Commission.
Any interpretations or opinions expressed in
this report are those of the authors alone.
THE GALLUP ORGANIZATION
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
Introduction
Despite a widespread belief to the contrary among their citizens, the New Member States of the
European Union have the obligation to adopt the common currency, the euro, once they have fulfilled
the economic stability criteria defined in the Maastricht Treaty.
There is no common strategy or fixed timetable with regard to the introduction of the euro in each of
the newly acceded member states. At present, seven New Member States have joined the Exchange
Rate Mechanism II (Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Cyprus and Malta), while the three
largest countries - Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary - still remain outside of the common
exchange rate mechanism. (A country must have been a member of the ERM II for a minimum of two
years before adopting the euro).
The New Member States are committed to adopt the euro as part of their accession to the EU. At
present they are working to meet the economic entry criteria on government deficit and debt, inflation,
interest rates and exchange rate stability. They are all expected to join the euro area in due time. There
has been a lot of discussion in Member States and in European bodies about whether or not adherence
to the nominal convergence criteria laid out in the Maastricht Treaty – thus, a “too early” adoption of
the euro – is useful for the New Member States. Some national governments see a conflict between the
“Maastricht criteria” and what they call real convergence needs (e.g., catching up with the per capita
national income, wages, public services). Internal debates in some countries have even led to
speculation about possible referenda occurring with regard to joining the euro-zone, which would
effectively be a second referendum on membership itself.
Concerning the introduction of the euro in the new EU countries, the European Commission is
monitoring the opinion, -- the levels of knowledge and information and the familiarity with the single
currency -- of citizens of the New Member States.
The main themes in the report are the following:
− levels of knowledge and experience of the euro among citizens of the New Member States
− feelings as regards being informed - and the most favoured channels of information
− perceptions of the single currency
− expectations and fears concerning the adoptation of the euro
This study is the third one, following on from earlier Eurobarometer surveys undertaken in 2004 and
2005. The content of the questionnaires is consistent with the previous waves, though the new
interviewing mode (the current survey was predominantly done over the telephone) required certain
modifications in actual questions’ wordings. The order of the questions changed as well, which may
have had some effects on the responses we received (earlier studies started with the attitude questions,
while the current one had experience and knowledge up front.) Of course, where possible, we will
make a comparison of current results with those measured for 2005 and 2004.
This report sums up the most important attitudes regarding the euro in New Member States, and
highlights the most recent dynamics of opinions in each of the countries that are to adopt the euro in
the future.
The survey’s fieldwork was carried out between 31st of March and the 5th of April 2006. Over 10,000
randomly selected citizens aged 15 years and above were interviewed in the ten new EU Member
States. Interviews were predominantly done via landline telephone. Due to the relatively low fixed
telephone coverage in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia,
we sampled and interviewed 300 persons face to face as well. To correct for sampling disparities, a
post-stratification weighting of the results was implemented, based on important socio-demographic
variables.
Analytical Report, page 3
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table of Contents
1. Knowledge and experience of the euro ............................................................................................... 5
1.1. Citizens’ knowledge regarding introduction of the euro and the euro-zone ................................ 5
1.1.1. Obligation to adopt the euro .................................................................................................. 5
1.1.2. Knowledge of current Euro zone countries ........................................................................... 6
1.1.3. Expected date of adoption of the euro................................................................................... 8
1.1.4. Knowledge of euro banknotes ............................................................................................. 10
1.1.5. Knowledge of euro coins..................................................................................................... 12
1.2. Familiarity with the euro currency ............................................................................................. 13
1.2.1. Euro banknotes .................................................................................................................... 13
1.2.2. Euro coins............................................................................................................................ 14
1.3. Where do people use the euro?................................................................................................... 15
1.4. Euro-related knowledge and experience in different socio-demographic segments .................. 16
2. Informing citizens on the euro........................................................................................................... 17
2.1. Level, channels and content of information ............................................................................... 17
2.1.1. Self-perceived level of information..................................................................................... 17
2.1.2. Time framework for becoming informed about the euro .................................................... 19
2.1.3. Preferred distributors of information................................................................................... 21
2.1.4. Preferred channels of information ....................................................................................... 22
2.1.5. The most favoured topics of information campaigns .......................................................... 24
2.1.6. Main activities and events essential for an information campaign...................................... 26
3. Perceptions of and support for the single currency ........................................................................... 28
3.1. Consequences of introduction of the euro .................................................................................. 28
3.1.1. Consequences on national level........................................................................................... 28
3.1.2. Consequences on personal level.......................................................................................... 30
3.2. Support for the single currency .................................................................................................. 32
3.2.1. Opinions from the respondents’ environment ..................................................................... 32
3.2.2. Support of replacing the national currency with the euro ................................................... 34
3.2.3. The most desired time frame for adoption of the euro ........................................................ 36
3.2.4. Status of the euro as an international currency.................................................................... 38
3.3. Analysis by demographics.......................................................................................................... 39
4. Consequences of adopting the euro................................................................................................... 40
4.1. Political and economical consequences of introduction of the euro........................................... 40
4.1.1. The euro as a threat to price stability?................................................................................. 40
4.1.2. Favourable political and economic consequences of euro introduction.............................. 43
4.1.3. The euro as an ingredient in European identity................................................................... 45
4.2. Practical consequences of the euro changeover ......................................................................... 46
4.3. Fears regarding the introduction of the euro .............................................................................. 48
4.3.1. Abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover........................................................ 49
4.3.2. Loss of national identity due to adoption of the euro .......................................................... 51
4.3.3. Inconveniences suffered due to introduction of the euro .................................................... 53
4.3.4. Loss of control over national economic policy ................................................................... 55
4.4. Analysis by demographics.......................................................................................................... 57
5. Annex tables...................................................................................................................................... 60
Survey details ...................................................................................................................................... 127
page 4
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1. Knowledge and experience of the euro
The first chapter looks at respondents’ actual knowledge of the euro and people’s familiarity with the
euro currency.
1.1. Citizens’ knowledge regarding introduction of the euro and the eurozone
1.1.1. Can Member States choose whether or not to adopt the euro?
Can Member States choose whether or not to adopt the euro?
Yes
No
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
[DK/NA]
69
58
57
26
30
33
5
11
10
Q5bis. Can (OUR COUNTRY) choose whether or not to introduce the euro?
% NMS10
A minority of citizens in the new Member States are aware of the fact that the euro will inevitably
be the currency of their country within a few years. The level of knowledge is worse in 2006 than in
previous years, however. Only 26% of the respondents gave the correct answer (-4 points compared to
2005, and -7 points compared to 2004), whereas 69% believed that their country can choose whether
to adopt the euro or not.
Respondents giving the correct answer did not outnumber those providing the wrong answer in
any country; although citizens of the Czech Republic and Estonia were closest. The Czech Republic
(41%) continues to be the country giving the largest amount of correct answers, along with Estonia
(40%).
The highest rates of incorrect answers were obtained in Poland (77%), Hungary (70%) and Cyprus
(67%), with Poland remaining the country with the lowest degree knowledge concerning this issue.
These numbers might reflect the national debates around the euro in some of the member states:
people tend to believe that their country’s full sovereignty exist in this issue in those countries where
important national political players suggest that opting out might me an option for their country.
Analytical Report, page 5
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Obligation to adopt the euro: % of correct („NO”) answers
09/2004
60
09/2005
04/2006
48
50
45
42 41
42
38
40
40 41
41
38 38
33
32 33 32 31 31 31
30
30
39
38
38
33 32
31
27
26
32
28
27
25
23
20
20
10
0
NMS10
CZ
EE
SK
LV
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
MT
SI
CY
LT
HU
PL
Q5bis. Can (OUR COUNTRY) choose whether or not to introduce the euro?
% of correct answers (NO), by country
When taking a closer look at country by country results concerning the share of correct answers, some
differences in time and also between countries can be seen.
In all but two countries the level of knowledge concerning the obligatory nature of adoption of the
euro went down between 2005 and 2006. This was the case especially in Hungary (-13 points) and
Cyprus (-12 points). In Slovenia and Slovakia the level of knowledge has remained stable.
1.1.2. Knowledge of current Euro zone countries
People’s knowledge of the number of countries who already have the euro as their currency is more
accurate than their knowledge concerning the inevitable introduction of the euro into their own
countries. 38% of citizens know that there are already 12 countries that have adopted the euro, this
being in accordance with figures for 2004 and 2005.
Knowledge of the number of current euro zone countries
6
18
09/2005
15
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
page 6
15
23
04/2006
09/2004
12
25
38
38
39
19
16
16
[DK/NA]
3
17
26
28
Q5. According to you, how many EU countries have already introduced the euro?
% NMS10
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
In spite of this, there were still a notable amount of respondents who stated otherwise - with 23%
believing that 6 countries have adopted the euro and 19% holding the belief that all 15 of the old
Member States have adopted it. Three percent of persons said that all 25 EU Member States now have
the euro.
With regard to this question, it needs to be also noted that the share of respondents stating that they
did not know was relatively high (at 17%), albeit being lower than in previous years, when this
figure was over a quarter of the total population. This is the case especially for countries where the
share of correct answers are low as well i.e. being 29% in Lithuania and 27% in Malta, as well as 22%
in Cyprus.
In every country, the majority provided the correct answer. Slovenians (43%), Estonians (41%)
and Cypriots (41%) are most likely to answer correctly; whereas the lowest amount of right answers
can be found in Lithuania (31%), Malta (32%) and Latvia (35%). This was the case in previous years
as well.
Knowledge of the correct number of current euro zone countries („12”)
60
09/2004
09/2005
04/2006
50
42 43
40
39 38 38
41 42
41 41
39
35
44
40 41
40 40
36
34
36
39 40 39 38
35
31
31
27 28
30
32
31
29
27
22
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
SI
EE
CY
HU
SK
CZ
PL
LV
MT
LT
Q5. According to you, how many EU countries have already introduced the euro?
% of correct answers, by country
Even though there are only minor changes that can be detected at a NMS10 level, some developments
can be seen via a country by country analysis. The share of interviewees giving the correct answer has
increased in all but two countries; and it is Estonia who depicts the greatest amount of growth, with
10 points. In contrast, however, the level of knowledge has decreased in Hungary (-4 points) and
Poland (-1 points). In Poland the difference is well within sampling error, while the 4 percentage
points decline in Hungary suggests a real negative tendency.
Analytical Report, page 7
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1.1.3. Expected date of adoption of the euro
Expected date of the adoption of the euro
2006
100%
90%
2007-2008
1
15
10
1
4
1
2009-2010
7
1
8
80%
70%
2011-2012
16
2013 or later
10
12
3
1
1
2
10
14
14
DK/NA
7
5
4
9
21
2
8
1
1
12
21
29
60%
18
66
97
50%
40%
never
40
85
83
72
58
71
30%
36
51
51
20%
10%
22
19
2
0%
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
SI
1
MT
CY
15
12
PL
CZ
1
LT
EE
LV
SK
7
HU
Q5ter. When, in which year do you think the euro will be introduced in [OUR COUNTRY]?
% by country
This question was added in 2005 to be able to analyse respondents’ knowledge on the actual process
and speed of adoption in their country.
In general, people anticipate adoption of the euro as occurring in the near future, perhaps within
four years time. Most respondents (40%) expected introduction of the euro to happen in their country
in 2009-2010, which is the same proportion as that recorded for 2005. 22% of interviewees believed
that euro adoption will take place in 2007-2008 (a slightly lower rate than the 25% occurring in 2005),
while 22% believe that such an event will happen at some time later than 2011 (the same rate as in
2005).
When looking at country-based results here, a great amount of variation can be seen. Slovenians
(97%), the Maltese (85%) and Cypriots (83%) are ahead in believing that adoption will take place in
2007-2008 - whereas only 7% of Hungarian respondents agreed with the idea of such a time
framework.
2% of Slovenians, 1% of Cypriots and 1% of Latvians mentioned 2006 as the expected year of the
adoption of the euro for them.
The majority of respondents in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland expect the euro to
be adopted in 2009-2010, as was the case in 2005.
Here, a form of connection between ERM II members and ideas of a more rapid expected time of
euro introduction can be seen. The popular expectations reflect the actual outlooks in each country
with a surprising level of accuracy. Malta, Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Latvia and Slovakia
have joined the exchange rate mechanism of the European monetary union and therefore indeed are
potential candidates for near-term euro zone membership.
Looking at survey data, in all but one countries that are included in ERM II (the exception is
Slovakia), the majority of respondents expected adoption to happen in 2007-2008, whereas in those
page 8
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
countries still outside the common exchange mechanism - Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic the time of euro introduction was expected to be later.
Slovenia will most probably be given green light to join the common currency system in 2007 (just
recently, after the survey fieldwork, the Commission paved the way for the entry with its positive
assessment of the Slovenian compliance with the Maastricht criteria). At the same time the other
potential early candidate, Lithuania was not able to fulfil the inflation criterion therefore its inclusion
has been delayed. Now it hopes, along with its fellow Baltic States to join at least one year later.
Slovakia set its target date to 2009, and correspondingly, the majority of Slovakians mentioned as well
the date 2009 to have their own euro.
When/in which year do you think the euro will be introduced into [OUR
COUNTRY]? (%)
before 2008
2009-2010
2011-2012
2013 or later
Never
2006
2005
2006
2005
2006
2005
2006
2005
2006
2005
NMS10
22
25
40
40
14
13
8
9
1
2
SI
99
87
1
9
0
1
0
1
..
0
MT
85
62
4
17
1
2
0
2
1
1
CY
84
60
8
21
1
4
0
3
1
2
LT
72
71
10
17
1
3
0
2
1
0
EE
71
85
14
6
2
0
1
1
3
1
LV
52
45
29
35
4
4
3
3
1
2
SK
19
19
66
52
5
10
2
6
0
2
PL
15
21
36
38
18
14
10
12
1
2
CZ
12
6
58
44
12
23
9
12
2
2
HU
7
20
51
58
21
11
12
5
1
1
It is also interesting to compare the results of this question with the question concerning when persons
would like to have the euro as their own currency (Q16).
As we will see later, most citizens would like to have the euro adopted either “after a certain time” - or
“as late as possible” (this being the case chiefly with Latvians, Czechs and Slovakians), but their
wishes are not necessary in line with their expectations in this respect. Hungarians, Poles and Czechs
expect the date of euro adoption to be in 2011 or beyond. Slovenes, Maltese and Cypriots expect its
introduction to occur in 2007 (a date overwhelmingly expected especially in Slovenia) or 2008.
Analytical Report, page 9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1.1.4. Knowledge of euro banknotes
The question wording from 2006 was slightly modified in this and the subsequent question about the
euro coins. In previous years, respondents had to decide if the coins and the notes “look the same” in
the euro area – while in 2006 we précised the questions and we ask respondents to choose the correct
one from the following statements:
(1) “Euro banknotes/coins look exactly the same in all countries that use the euro” or
(2) “Euro banknotes/coins have partly different designs from country to country”.
Correct knowledge of euro banknotes: the euro banknotes look exactly the same in all
countries that use the euro
09/2004
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
09/2005
04/2006
46
56
59
2006: Q3. And what do you think, which of the following statements is correct?
The euro banknotes look exactly the same in all countries / have partly different designs from country to country/ that use the euro
% NMS10
2004-2005: Q15. According to you, do the euro banknotes look the same in all countries of the euro area?
Yes /No /DK/NA
% NMS10
In all but four countries, correct answers outnumber incorrect ones. The Czechs (61%), Estonians
(57%) and Poles (45%) have the highest proportion of persons giving the right answer. In contrast, the
highest proportion of wrong answers (“Euro banknotes have partly different designs”) can be found
in Malta (49%), Slovenia (48%) and Slovakia (48%). These three countries, as well as Cyprus, are
those where those answering incorrectly outnumber those providing a correct answer, (with 22 points,
10 points, 8 points and 6 points).
page 10
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Correct knowledge of euro banknotes: euro banknotes look the same in all countries of
the euro area
80
09/2004
64
75
59
59
56
61
68
64
64
59
57 58
52
50
04/2006
68
70
60
09/2005
62
57
55
51
46
49
45
43
40
54
51
46
42
40
41
40
41
39
30
30
27
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
CZ
EE
PL
HU
LV
SK
LT
SI
CY
MT
2006: Q3. What do you think, which of the following statements is correct?
The euro banknotes look exactly the same in all countries / have partly different designs from country to country/ that use the euro
% NMS10
2004-2005: Q15. According to you, do the euro banknotes look the same in all countries of the euro area?
Yes /No /DK/NA
% NMS10
It should be noted, that the rate of non-respondents is high in countries with a low level of
knowledge regarding this question - i.e. Cyprus (34%) and Malta (24%), but also in Poland (25%).
Analytical Report, page 11
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1.1.5. Knowledge of euro coins
As described in the previous point, the question wording was slightly modified in 2006.
Correct knowledge of euro coins: the euro coins have partly different designs from
country to country
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
37
28
30
2006: Q4. And what do you think, which of the following statements is correct?
The euro coins look exactly the same in all countries- / have partly different designs from country to country/ that use the euro
% NMS10
2004-2005: Q16. According to you, do the euro coins look the same in all countries of the euro area?
Yes /No /DK/NA
% NMS10
In contrast to the knowledge of euro banknotes, only a minority of respondents knew that euro coins
look different in each country - and this was the case not only in 2004 and 2005, but in 2006, too. The
share of correct answers is 37% in 2006. 41% of respondents mistakenly believed that euro coins look
the same everywhere. Once again, a notable amount of respondents stated that they did not know the
correct response (22%), which can be interpreted as a lack of knowledge about this subject.
At a country level, Slovenia (67%), Estonia (57%), Malta (56%) and Slovakia (53%) are the Member
States where a clear majority of respondents answered this question correctly. In all but two countries
did the share of those giving the correct answer outnumber those answering incorrectly, namely in
Slovenia (+44 points), Malta (+37 points) and Estonia (+34 points). The two countries where more
people answered incorrectly then correctly are the Czech Republic (-21 points) and Poland (-11
points). Thus, Poland and the Czech Republic (32-32%) are the countries with the lowest level of
correct knowledge.
Again, it needs to be noted that the number of ‘don’t knows’ is relatively high, reaching more than
one fifth of the total population. And non-response rates were particularly high in Cyprus (35%),
Poland (26%) and Malta (25%).
page 12
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1.2. Familiarity with the euro currency
With questions concerning whether respondents had seen or have used euro banknotes or coins, the
aim was to evaluate people’s familiarity with the euro as a currency.
Both the amount of those having seen and of those having used euro banknotes and coins has gone up
continuously during the years. A solid majority of persons have seen euro banknotes and coins (80%
and 75% respectively) - and more than half of those who have seen the currency have also used it
(56% and 55% respectively). The proportion of those seeing and using euro coins has increased only
slightly since last year.
Have you already
used…
seen…
Have you already
used…
seen…
(among those seen it)
euro
banknotes (%)
04/
09/
09/
2006 2005 2004
euro
banknotes (%)
04/
09/
09/
2006 2005 2004
(among those seen it)
euro
coins (%)
04/
09/
09/
2006 2005 2004
euro
coins (%)
04/
09/
09/
2006 2005 2004
NMS10
80
79
73
56
53
49
75
71
66
55
55
50
SI
CY
CZ
PL
EE
LV
SK
LT
HU
MT
95
83
83
82
77
77
76
74
71
67
95
89
75
80
82
75
71
75
83
71
95
85
69
72
78
67
70
72
79
70
84
84
75
48
66
55
58
48
59
68
86
84
65
46
57
54
58
47
55
71
81
76
59
43
53
47
53
40
53
65
90
79
78
77
73
63
69
61
70
66
91
87
70
70
72
63
66
59
75
68
87
82
61
67
64
56
62
52
71
68
83
84
74
48
63
51
59
47
56
67
85
85
69
47
61
52
60
46
59
71
79
77
63
43
58
46
56
39
55
66
1.2.1. Euro banknotes
In 2006, 80% of respondents indicated that they had seen euro banknotes. This is 1 point more than
one year before, and 7 points more than in 2004. Similarly to the results of 2004 and 2005, we can
say that the countries with the highest rate of those who have seen euro banknotes are Slovenia
(95%) and Cyprus (83%), as well the Czech Republic (83%).
The largest growth in the number of people having seen euro banknotes can be found in the Czech
Republic (+8 points) and Slovakia (+5 points); and there has been some growth in this respect in both
Poland and Latvia (+2-2% points).
Out of those having already seen euro banknotes, 56% have also used them. This rate increases by 3
percentage points in one year - and by 7 percentage points in two years. In accordance with the
results of 2004 and 2005, the countries where most respondents had used such banknotes are Slovenia
(84%) and Cyprus (84%). In contrast, in Lithuania (48%) and Poland (48%) fewer than one half of
those who have seen such banknotes have also used them (although there was a slight increase for
these countries over 2005).
Analytical Report, page 13
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
The highest increase in the number of persons having actually used euro banknotes is to be found in
the Czech Republic (+10 points) and Estonia (+9 points); and there has been some increase in
Hungary (+4 points), Poland (+2 points), Latvia and Lithuania (both +1 point).
1.2.2. Euro coins
With euro coins, the number of citizens of the NMS10 who have seen euro coins remains lower than
that of those having seen banknotes (the rate being 75%). Still, the annual increase for this score is 4
percentage points.
As in 2004 and 2005, Slovenia (90%) and Cyprus (79%) continue to be the countries where most
respondents had seen euro coins, as is also the case with euro banknotes. Lithuania (61%) and Latvia
(63%) remain the countries with the fewest persons having seen euro coins.
The greatest increase for those having seen euro coins can be found in the Czech Republic (+8
points) and Poland (+7 points), while there has been some increase in Slovakia (+3 points), Lithuania
(+2 points) and Estonia (+1 point), too.
The share of persons having both seen and also used euro coins is 55%, which is a similar result to
that of 2005 – and is 5 percentage points more than in 2004. Once again, Cyprus (84%) and Slovenia
(83%) are the countries in which the great majority of persons say that they have made use of euro
coins. This was also the case in 2004 and 2005. Lithuanians (47%) and Poles (48%) are the persons
least likely to have used euro coins, and are less likely to have seen them before.
The most marked increase in the number of persons having used euro coins is found in the Czech
Republic (+5 points) and Estonia (+2 points), while there has also been some increase in Poland and
Lithuania (+1 point each).
page 14
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
1.3. Where do people use the euro?
Not surprisingly, the environment where usage of the euro currency is most likely to take place is
abroad. 67% of the respondents in the NMS10 states had used euro banknotes abroad, whereas 71%
indicated that they have used euro coins in a different country than their own. These scores are higher
than one year earlier (with an increase of +6 points and +4 points respectively).
You said you already used euro banknotes. Was it... (%)
IN [COUNTRY]
NMS10
CY
MT
CZ
SK
EE
HU
SI
LT
PL
LV
ABROAD
2006
13
2005
19
2004
18
2006
67
2005
61
2004
62
1
2
4
7
8
12
7
27
18
25
1
4
3
5
11
10
7
37
30
26
2
4
4
6
18
11
8
31
28
34
95
94
83
81
77
69
66
61
57
55
90
89
86
80
77
76
62
40
45
53
94
88
86
75
71
74
67
47
48
48
IN [COUNTRY] AND
ABROAD
2006
2005
2004
20
20
19
4
4
12
12
15
20
27
13
25
19
8
7
11
15
12
14
31
22
25
21
3
8
10
18
11
15
25
20
24
18
You said you already used euro coins. Was it... (%)
IN [COUNTRY]
NMS10
CY
MT
CZ
SK
EE
HU
SI
LT
PL
LV
ABROAD
2006
9
2005
15
2004
15
2006
71
2005
67
2004
67
1
2
4
4
3
9
5
17
13
13
1
3
3
3
8
8
4
26
25
15
2
4
3
4
16
7
5
20
24
27
95
93
82
87
79
71
73
70
61
70
92
90
89
83
79
78
65
51
50
66
95
89
86
81
74
78
73
57
52
56
IN [COUNTRY] AND
ABROAD
2006
2005
2004
19
18
18
4
5
13
9
15
19
21
13
25
16
7
7
8
14
13
13
30
22
24
18
3
7
9
13
10
15
22
22
23
17
The share of those using euro banknotes or coins in their own country went down between 2005 and
2006, the score being 13% for banknotes and 9% for coins. Also, the rates of those using the euro in
cash transactions both in their country and abroad accord with the results of one year ago, the share
being 20% for banknotes and 19% for coins.
When looking at country-level results more closely, the largest share of respondents who had used
the euro - both banknotes and coins - abroad can be found in Cyprus, where 95-95% of persons have
used euro banknotes and coins whilst being abroad. In addition, citizens of Malta (94% and 93%) and
the Czech Republic (83% and 82%) have used the euro currency almost exclusively abroad. These
results are like those obtained in previous surveys. Usage of the euro abroad has been high for 2006 in
Slovakia (81% and 87%), too.
Analytical Report, page 15
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
The highest share of those having used the euro in their own country can again be detected for
Lithuania, the score being 27% for banknotes and 17% for coins (in 2005: 37% and 26%). Also in
Latvia, Poland and Hungary, the rates of persons using the euro inside the country is high, the
respective figures being 25%-18%-12% for banknotes and 13%-13%-9% for coins.
1.4. Euro-related knowledge and experience in different sociodemographic segments
There are certain general trends which can be seen throughout this survey (and even across surveys).
We consistently find that men rather than women, the youngest generation, rather than older people,
more highly educated people, self-employed persons, and also people from big cities as compared to
rural areas have better knowledge and more extensive experience of the euro.
We can also conclude, in general, that the highest ratio of citizens who don’t want or couldn’t
correctly answer the questions were most likely to be found among females, among older citizens,
among the less well educated, the unemployed and also among persons dwelling in rural areas.
In the Annex Tables attached to this report the reader can find the demographic breakdowns for each
question posed for the survey.
page 16
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
2. Informing citizens on the euro
The second chapter analyses citizens’ feelings of being informed about the euro, the most preferred
information channels and means, the content of the information needed and when the distribution of
such information should take place.
2.1. Level, channels and content of information
2.1.1. Self-perceived level of information
Respondents who felt that they are well-informed about the common European currency are a
minority. In 2006, only 37% see themselves as being well-informed, whereas a majority of 60% state
that they are not well-informed, out of which 18% do not feel well-informed at all.
The overall feeling of information
Very well informed
Not at all well informed
04/2006
5
09/2005
3
09/2004
3
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
32
29
31
Rather well informed
[DK/NA]
43
51
48
Not very well informed
18
16
16
2
1
2
Q6. To what extent do you feel informed about the euro? Do you feel…:
% NMS10
There is a significant decline, however, for those not feeling well-informed (-7 points) and an increase
for those who do feel informed (+5 points). Thus, we can tentatively talk about a trend of increasing
level of self-perceived information.
As in all previous years, Slovenians feel the most informed about the euro, by far, with the score here
being 80%. This rate is 43 points above the NMS10 average; and the Czech Republic and Slovakia
follow with more modest shares of 48% and 45% of those feeling informed about the euro. (This
ranking of countries is different from that detected in 2005, when Cyprus and Hungary followed on
from Slovenia.)
The countries with the smallest numbers of persons feeling informed are Latvia (31%), Poland
(32%) and Malta (33%). Logically, these countries are also the ones possessing the most people
stating that they are not well-informed - at, respectively, 68%, 65% and 65%. In Hungary as well twothirds of respondents claim to be not well-informed. The countries with the smallest number of
interviewees feeling informed were Latvia (28% well-informed) and Malta (29%).
Analytical Report, page 17
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
To what extent do you feel informed about the euro? Do you feel…? (%)
Quite well + Very well-informed
NMS10
Not very well + not at all informed
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
37
32
34
60
67
65
SI
80
60
57
20
39
42
CZ
48
31
33
50
67
63
SK
45
32
28
52
66
70
LT
42
31
31
56
69
68
CY
37
44
43
62
56
56
EE
36
34
30
63
65
68
HU
34
36
34
66
62
65
MT
33
29
32
65
70
68
PL
32
31
35
65
69
64
LV
31
28
27
68
71
72
The changes in individual countries are not notable in some cases, yet there is a trend that can be
detected among countries having a majority of persons feeling well-informed and countries possessing
more citizens who do not feel so informed. In the first group, the share of those feeling well-informed
is increasing significantly in Slovenia (+20 points), the Czech Republic (+17 points), Slovakia (+13
points) and Lithuania (+11 points) - and has gone up slightly in Malta (+4 points), Latvia (+3 points),
Estonia (+2 points) and Poland (+1 point). There are only Cyprus (-7 points) and Hungary (-2 points)
where the proportion of well-informed respondents went down between 2005 and 2006.
In Hungary and Cyprus the number of well-informed citizens decreased between 2005 and 2006,
while these ratios had increased between 2004 and 2005. In contrast, while in Poland, Malta and the
Czech Republic we saw an increase in these measurements between 2005 and 2006, such figures
decreased between 2004 and 2005.
The highest number feeling well-informed are males, the younger generation, those with a higher
level of education, the self-employed and those from medium-sized cities.
page 18
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
2.1.2. Time framework for becoming informed about the euro
Desired timeframe for being informed on the euro
As soon as possible
A few years before
A few months before
[At least a few days before - 2004/2005]
A few weeks before
[DK/NA]
04/2006
28
30
09/2005
29
27
09/2004
30
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
24
33
30
32
5
6
6
3
2
6
4
5
Q7. When would you like to be informed about the introduction of euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
as soon as possible / a few years before / a few months before / a few weeks before
% NMS10
Q18. When would you like to be informed about the euro?
as soon as possible / at least a few years before / at least a few months before / at least a few weeks before/ at least a few days before
% NMS10
As in all previous years, a majority of citizens in the new Member States would like to be informed
about the euro well in advance. It is sometimes hard to compare what the different time perspectives
mean in comparison with the different national target dates (e.g. “a few years before” does not have a
relevance in Slovenia anymore, etc.), but generally, the selection of the “as soon as possible” and the
“a few years before” categories mean a rather immediate need for information in this matter.
Around a third of those who are not informed want to be informed as soon as possible (28%) and at
least a few years before the event (30%) - or at least a few months before it (33%). The share of those
who want the required information only a few weeks beforehand is notably lower (5%).
There have been only slight changes at the NMS10 level taking place during the year: more citizens
want to be informed sooner rather than later in 2006, as compared to the case in 2004 or 2005 – also
reflecting the shorter perspective. At a country level, the countries where persons are most likely to
want their information as soon as possible are Cyprus (61%), Malta (51%) and Lithuania (51%). The
smallest percentages wanting this are Hungarians, Latvians and Polish (25% each). Hungarians and
the Latvians want to know the details a few years beforehand, while the Poles would like such
information only a few months earlier.
The countries where respondents have adopted a slower pace with regard to their acquiring
information about the euro are Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Poland - where the largest share of
persons wants to be informed about the euro a few months before introduction of the currency (40%,
37% and 35% respectively).
Analytical Report, page 19
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
All in all, these results show that there exists a wide need for information about the euro, and since the
accession of new Member States to the euro-zone is becoming closer and closer, requests and desires
for information are present today.
Desired timeframe for being informed on the euro
As soon as possible
100
3
5
90
4
4
20
80
33
70
A few years before
6
4
23
5
3
2
10
3
7
28
29
2
7
3
4
DK/NA
3
2
4
9
29
40
15
37
35
30
17
50
6
30
40
A few weeks before
5
6
24
11
60
A few months before
23
30
42
25
33
33
31
28
25
25
25
EE
CZ
PL
LV
HU
61
30
51
51
20
42
38
28
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
CY
MT
LT
SI
SK
Q7. When would you like to be informed about the introduction of euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
% by country
Base: who are not informed
Looking at the results in different socio-demographic segments, women, manual workers and those
from medium-sized cities would like to get information soonest - whilst men, those with a higher level
of education, and employees feel less of an urge to learn of consequences.
page 20
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
2.1.3. Trusted distributors of information on euro
When it comes to the most favoured distributors of information, we gathered information asking
people whether or not they trusted each of the groups/institutions listed.
Preferred distributors for information and campaigns: trust %
77
National Central Bank
70
European Institutions
52
Commercial banks
Government, national or
regional authorities
51
Public administration
50
49
Consumer associations
43
Journalists
T rade unions, professional
organisations, etc
39
0
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Q8. For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they provide on the
changeover to the euro, or not? trust / doesn’t trust / [DK/NA]
% NMS10
Trust is a key factor in information provision: people differentiate between possible sources primarily
based on their assessments of how trustworthy a particular source is. It is therefore essential to provide
the necessary information through channels that are widely trusted in countries that plan to adopt the
euro. Traditionally, as previous measurements have already established, national central banks are the
most trustworthy sources of information regarding the euro and issues related to a changeover.
Thus, as said, when considering information about the euro, National Central Banks are found by
far to be the most reliable sources of information (77%). European Institutions follow second here,
with a 70% share - and Commercial banks come third, with a 52% rating. The government or national
authorities are only in fourth place (51%) in 2006.
In every country, the National Central Bank is considered to be the most trustworthy source of
information (as it was in 2004 and 2005 when we used a slightly different approach to ask this
question), ranging from 70% in Lithuania to 89% in Slovenia.
It is interesting to take a quick look at the role played by European institutions. These were
mentioned in second or third place in all countries, being the second most trusted institutions, ahead of
other national sources in the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
Commercial banks are not among the first three mentions in six out of our ten countries (in Estonia,
Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Cyprus). In these countries the government and related
authorities are trusted more (Estonia, Latvia, Hungary and Cyprus), or consumer associations can play
such a role (in Poland and Slovenia); while in one instance even journalists are more trusted (in
Lithuania).
Analytical Report, page 21
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Most trusted information sources in each country (% trust)
CZ
EE
LV
LT
Central Bank
Central Bank
Central Bank
Central Bank
86
80
78
European
Government,
European
European
74
71
62
Institutions
authorities
Institutions
Institutions
70
63
Commercial
banks
45
74
European
Institutions
86
80
Central Bank
Commercial
banks
European
Institutions
HU
65
Government,
authorities
85
83
Central Bank
European
Institutions
Consumer
associations
MT
Central Bank
European
Institutions
Government,
authorities
66
58
Journalists
71
66
Central Bank
European
Institutions
Commercial
banks
PL
70
CY
Central Bank
Government,
authorities
European
Institutions
SK
55
85
76
72
SI
88
78
Central Bank
Consumer
associations
European
Institutions
70
89
79
78
As a general trend, though, we can conclude that certain demographic groupings trust all kinds of
bodies as information sources about euro: namely, women, the younger generation, those still in
education, employees and persons dwelling in metropolitan areas.
2.1.4 Preferred channels of information
The question about the most favoured channels via which to acquire information also had a different
wording in 2006 than it did in previous years. While in 2004-2005 we asked our respondents the
question: “Where do you think useful information on the euro and the changeover should be
available?” in 2006 it was slightly changed to gain a more personal perspective: “Where would you
like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover?” This is the reason why any
direct comparison can only made with some caution.
Preferred channels for information and campaigns
92
On television
In banks
87
85
In newspapers, magazines
On the radio
81
On the Internet
78
73
In schools and other places of education and training
In public places
64
62
In your letter box
In the workplace
60
In supermarkets and shops
50
0
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Q9. Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover?
% NMS10
As in 2004-2005 that TV is seen as the most useful channel for the information distribution – 92% see
it this way in 2006.
Banks (87%), newspapers and magazines (85%) and the radio (81%) follow as places where
information about the euro should be available.
page 22
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
In addition, the familiar daily life environment of supermarkets and shops (50%) and also
workplaces (60%) are seen as places to acquire information concerning the changeover to the euro these are not at all low in absolute terms, for they were mentioned by half of all citizens.
The items “Internet” as well as the “in the banks” have been hinting that people were not answering
this question from their own perspective only: the proportions who actually use bank services or the
Internet, are well below those wishing information to be available through these channels, too. As
these too examples show very strikingly, such self-reports are rarely accurate, therefore
communication campaigns are usually designed on the basis of viewership / and other audience
information rather than on the basis of self-reported preferences regarding the channels of
communication.
Looking at country-specific differences, in all countries but one television is mentioned in first place
as the most preferred information channel, ranging from 84% in the Czech Republic and Estonia to
97% in Malta. The only exception here is Slovenia, where citizens mentioned banks at the highest rate
(92%), and television comes only in second place.
Banks are mentioned in second or third place in eight other countries, being second in the Czech
Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Cyprus and Slovakia. Only in Malta are banks not in people’s first three
mentions.
Other most preferred channels in individual countries mentioned in second or third place are
newspapers, magazines, and schools or other places of education.
The radio has a special place only in Hungary, where it is the third most trustworthy channel alongside
television and banks.
Most preferred channels for information and campaigns (% prefer)
EE
LV
LT
CZ
CY
On television
84
On television
84
On television
91
On television
87
On television
87
In banks
82
In banks
81
In print media
88
In print media
78
In banks
83
In print media
76
In print media
78
In banks
87
In banks
74
In schools
80
HU
MT
PL
SK
SI
On television
87
On television
97
On television
96
On television
86
In banks
92
In banks
78
In schools
93
In print media
95
In banks
84
On television
90
On the radio
70
In print media
93
In banks
92
In print media
81
In print media
84
In general, all channels giving useful information on the euro and the changeover are liked by the
younger generation, by those still in education, by employees and by persons living in metropolitan
areas. There are some exceptions, however: manual workers emphasized the importance of one’s letter
box, the workplace, supermarkets and shops, as did those from rural areas (who referred to ‘public
places’ and supermarkets, too).
Analytical Report, page 23
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
2.1.5 Most favoured topics of information campaigns
Research respondents were also asked to define what kind of topics the information campaigns about
the euro should, first of all, cover.
As was the case with most preferred distributors and channels question, we gathered information here
using a modified question. While in 2004 and 2005 respondents had to say what the most important
issue was for them firstly and secondly, in 2006 we asked, with regard to each issue, whether they
were essential or not. A direct comparison with previous years is, again, therefore not possible here.
As to the content of the information required, citizens are convinced that each of the topics we
suggested for inclusion in any euro information campaign are more or less essential requirements.
Preferred topics for information and campaigns
The value of one euro in
[CURRENCY]
93
How to avoid being cheated in
euro currency conversions
92
The way how the euro will be
introduced in [COUNTRY]
90
The practical implications of the
euro regarding your salary. your
bank account
88
The social. economic or political
implications of the euro
86
What notes and coins in euros
look like
82
0
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Q10. In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? essential/ not essential/ [DK/NA]
% NMS10
Citizens of the new Member States think that the value of one euro in one’s local currency (93%) as
well as how to avoid being cheated in euro currency conversions (92%) and the way in which the
euro will be introduced in one’s country concern them directly (90%) – and it is essential that these
are covered by any information campaign.
Fewer citizens (though in absolute terms rather than in a high number) mentioned the practical
implications of the euro regarding one’s salary and bank account (88%) and also the social,
economic or political implications of the euro (86%) as the most important issues that an
information campaign will have to cover .
Interest in knowing what euro banknotes and coins look like was mentioned in the last place (82%)
– and this figure might positively contribute to the low ‘performance’ of respondents with regard to
their knowing what euro coins look like.
Looking at country-specific data here, some differences can be seen as regards priorities concerning
topics that people consider important for information campaign coverage. The most popular topic at
the NMS10 level (the value of one euro in local currency) was mentioned first in half of the new
member countries only, namely in Cyprus, Poland, Latvia, Hungary and the Czech Republic. While
how to avoid being cheated in any euro currency conversion was mentioned as the most important
page 24
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
topic in Slovenia, Malta and Lithuania. Slovakians saw the changeover scenario as the most
important topic, while Estonians viewed the practical implications of the euro regarding their
salary and bank account as causing the most concern.
All of the topics mentioned in first place in some countries, appear as second or third places in other
ones. In the Czech Republic only one new item comes into view as being one of the first three most
important topics: the social, economic or political implications of the euro.
It is interesting to check if there is any association between the preference list of topics for information
and campaign and the date of introduction of the euro. As we know, the Baltic States, as well Slovenia
and Slovakia are already the members of ERM II. But the top three preferred topics of these countries
do not differ significantly of those rankings we see in Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic, not
yet in the ERM II.. One “common” evaluation we can clearly emphasize: in all three countries from
this second group the most essential topic is the value of one euro in currency. In ERM II. member
countries is most essential to find out about avoiding to be cheated in euro currency conversions.
Preferred topics for information and campaigns (% essential)
CZ
EE
LV
LT
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
90
The practical
implications of
the euro
Changeover
scenario
89
Socio-economic
implications
88
HU
CY
88
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
94
How to avoid
being cheated
90
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
95
How to avoid
being cheated
88
How to avoid
being cheated
92
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
89
How to avoid
being cheated
94
Changeover
scenario
87
The practical
implications of
the euro
88
Changeover
scenario
89
The practical
implications of
the euro
92
MT
PL
92
How to avoid
being cheated
93
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
95
Changeover
scenario
88
How to avoid
being cheated
94
How to avoid
being cheated
90
The value of one
euro in
[CURRENCY]
92
How to avoid
being cheated
95
How to avoid
being cheated
88
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
94
Changeover
scenario
86
Changeover
scenario
88
Changeover
scenario
92
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
88
Changeover
scenario
89
The value of
one euro in
[CURRENCY]
SK
SI
Women, the 25-39 year-old persons, employees and metropolitan citizens are those mentioning at the
highest rate any topic upon which persons require information regarding the euro changeover.
More highly-educated persons are concerned above average with having information on the practical
implications of the euro regarding one’s salary and bank account as well as on the social, economic or
political implications of euro adoption.
Analytical Report, page 25
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
2.1.6. Main activities and events essential for an information campaign
Most activities that have been a part of euro introduction campaigns in the currently existing euro area
are considered to be essential for New Member States too. A dual display of prices is found to be
essential, both in shops and with regard to utility bills. Most people expect that advertisements will
explain the situation in newspapers and on television. The majority of people do not actually have a
pay slip, although seven out of ten would see this way of operating as essential as well in preparation
for a euro switchover. People see leaflets and brochures as being the least necessary in their personal
preparations for euro adoption.
Information campaign actions judged to be essential (% essential, NMS10)1
Dual display of prices in shops
2006
2005
2004
86
79
81
Dual display of the amount on bills (electricity, gas, etc)
76
69
70
Newspaper advertisements
72
73
-
TV advertisements
71
73
78
Dual display on your pay slip
71
66
66
Radio advertisements
64
64
66
Leaflets / Brochures
62
61
64
As in previous years, a dual display of the prices in shops is found to be most essential action for
people so that they can prepare themselves for introduction of the euro. The share in 2006 is 86%, this
being 7 percentage points more than one year before that, and 5 percentage points more than two years
ago.
Furthermore, the dual display of prices on bills is considered to be fairly important, with a 76% share
– which is 7 percentage points more than in 2005 and 6 percentage points more than in 2004. These
activities would bring a changeover to the euro closer to persons’ normal lives and allow them to get
familiar with the currency while doing their daily errands.
Mass media communications, newspapers advertisements (72%) and TV adverts (71%) are also seen
as being essential in an information campaign - although both issues were mentioned by fewer citizens
than in 2005 (-1 and -2 points respectively compared to 2005). These two are the only items upon
which we found a decrease when comparing with 2005 data.
A dual display on pay slips was mentioned in fifth place in 2006, though by a relatively high
proportion of citizens (71%) - and also by notably more persons when compared to 2004 or 2005 (+5
points).
Radio advertisements (64%) and brochures and leaflets (62%) get somewhat less support, though
these are still seen as being essential for an information campaign dealing with introduction of the euro
in new Member States.
As a general rule, women said that they would find it essential to have all kinds of information
campaign activities and events, as did 25-39 year-old respondents and employees. Among age
categories, there are those among 45-54 year-olds who emphasized at the highest rate that it was
1
Question text: Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me, for each of them,
whether you would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro?
page 26
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
important to have a dual display of amounts on bills as well as being able to get leaflets and brochures.
Those still in education considered all kind of activities to be essential, although the more highly
educated referred to a dual display of prices in shops. The less highly educated referred here to dual
amounts being displayed on bills as well as radio information/advertisements. A dual display of
amounts on bills is considered essential by manual workers, too - and they would like to see such a
dual display on their pay slips also. The unemployed mentioned radio advertisements/ information as
essential, too, at the highest rate.
Analytical Report, page 27
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
3.
The Gallup Organization
Perceptions of and support for the single currency
This third chapter deals with NMS10 citizens’ general interests, perceptions and support for
introduction of the euro. Looking at overall trends, we are able to see a bouncing back from the
temporary disappointments that Eurobarometer measured last September. Current results are generally
closer to the more favourable 2004 figures than to those of 2005. Additionally the 2006 figures are
more positive than ever in previous years. This is, however, not just a reflection of a general trend
across the region but is the result of a rather radical positive change in attitudes in the most dominant
country of the region, Poland. The NMS average is dominated by the largest new member state, and it
has been driven by the favourable change of climate among Poles since 2004/2005. Having said that,
we also have to emphasise that the more positive climate is not characteristic to Poland only: even
without Poland the NMS-level support is higher than it was one and two years ago, even if the
differences are less striking.
3.1.
Consequences of introduction of the euro
The overall climate has become more positive again regarding euro introduction compared to in 2004
or 2005. This is, however, not a reflection of a general trend across the region but is the result of a
rather radically positive change in attitudes in the most dominant country of the region, namely
Poland. Overall, 52% in the New Member States believe that adoption of the euro will have, on
balance, positive consequences for their country.
3.1.1. Consequences on national level
Consequences of the introduction of the euro
Very positive consequences
Rather positive consequences
Very negative consequences
[DK/NA]
8
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
4
6
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
44
34
26
33
38
Rather negative consequences
7
13
30
11
15
16
15
Q12. Do you think the introduction of the euro would have positive or negative consequences for (OUR COUNTRY)…?
% NMS10
In 2006, more than half of our respondents believed that the introduction of the euro into their country
would have positive consequences (52%). This is an increase of 14 percentage points on the
NMS10 average of 2005 and 8 percentage points on 2004’s measurement. Consequently, we can say
that fewer people perceive possible consequences as being negative: in 2006 the share is 33% compared to 46% in 2005 and 41% in 2004. The proportion of those who cannot or don’t want to
answer the question remains unchanged in the last years.
The changes are more distinctive at a national level. In all but one of the Member States surveyed,
the proportion of respondents seeing the consequences of introduction of the euro as positive has
page 28
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
increased. The most striking change, an increase of 18 points, is to be found in Poland. A notable
amount of positive change can also be found in Slovenia (+12 points), Slovakia (+12 points) and the
Czech Republic (+10 points); and there has been a significant change in the Baltic States (Lithuania
+8, Estonia +7, and Latvia +5 points) as well as a slight change in Hungary (+3 points) and Malta (+1
point). Only in Cyprus can we see a slight decrease with regard to positive consequences (-1 point).
Introduction of the euro: positive consequences (expected)
70
09/2004
60
58
56
55 54
52
50
54
39
37
49
46 45
44
41
38
04/2006
51
49
46
44
40
51
09/2005
45 45
40
39
35
38
37
32
32
LT
LV
36 35 35
32 33
30
20
10
0
NMS10
SI
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
PL
HU
SK
EE
CZ
CY
MT
Q12. Do you think the introduction of the euro would have positive or negative consequences for (OUR COUNTRY)…?
Respondents believing that the introduction of the euro will have positive consequences, % by country
The number of those citizens who see the consequences of introduction of the euro as negative has
gone up only in Latvia (+3 points). In all other countries a decrease can be found concerning this
measurement, and this is noteworthy in Poland (-17 points), Slovakia (-14 points), Slovenia (-12
points) and Lithuania (-12 points).
Introduction of the euro: negative consequences (expected)
70
09/2004
09/2005
04/2006
59
60
55
50
53
48
46
41
41
39
40
51
47
41
44 45 44
45
40
48
47
42 42
44
41
44
46
38
34
33
32
32
29
30
32
35
27
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
CY
LV
LT
MT
EE
CZ
SK
SI
PL
HU
Q12. Do you think the introduction of the euro would have positive or negative consequences for (OUR COUNTRY)…?
Respondents believing that the introduction of the euro will have negative consequences, % by country
When it comes to both the proportion of respondents seeing the introduction of the euro as having
positive consequences and those anticipating the opposite, the greatest differences are to be witnessed
Analytical Report, page 29
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
in Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia. It is worth mentioning here that while slightly fewer Cypriots
predict positive consequences regarding introduction of the euro between 2005 and 2006, at the same
time fewer (of them) would predict negative consequences, too. More Latvians expect both positive
and negative consequences of euro introduction.
3.1.2. Consequences on personal level
Consequences of the introduction of the euro on personal level
Very positive
04/2006
Rather positive
7
09/2005
5
09/2004
6
Rather negative
39
26
31
[DK/NA]
10
34
34
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Very negative
17
15
32
16
13
16
Q13. And for you personally, do you think that it would be positive or negative if the euro would be introduced?
% NMS10
When asked in terms of a personal dimension about the consequences of introduction of the euro, the
trend runs in parallel to the one on a national level, although fewer citizens see positive
consequences here - and more see negative consequences at a personal level.
In 2004, 40% of respondents felt that consequences would be positive at a personal level, though this
share diminished to 35% in 2005. Yet now, a significant increase – up to 46% - can be seen for 2006
at the NMS10 level. Additionally, the proportion of those anticipating negative consequences went
down by 12 points, from 49% to 37% between 2005 and 2006 (and by 9 points, from 46% to 37%,
between 2004 and 2006).
And for you personally; do you think that it would be positive or negative if the
euro were introduced?
Positive consequences
Negative consequences
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS10
46
36
40
37
49
46
SI
54
45
51
35
44
31
HU
50
46
51
29
33
31
SK
48
40
47
39
49
41
PL
48
31
34
34
52
50
MT
45
39
42
35
42
41
CZ
42
37
42
46
49
45
LT
40
32
44
43
55
40
CY
40
43
52
49
51
38
LV
39
37
44
51
49
41
EE
39
36
44
48
49
42
page 30
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
Once again, the differences are more prevalent when analyzing country-by-country. In all but one
country the share of respondents seeing the consequences as positive, increased - so, logically, the
share of those seeing the consequences as negative decreases when such consequences are being
evaluated on a personal basis. It is only in Cyprus where fewer citizens thought in 2006, compared to
in 2005, that euro introduction would bring positive consequences on a personal level (-3 points). Yet,
at the same time, the ratio of those who could predict negative consequences went down in this
country, too (-2 points).
The Member States that have a prominent position here, due to the increase of respondents perceiving
positive consequences especially, are Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia.
Analytical Report, page 31
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
3.2. Support for the single currency
3.2.1. Opinions from the respondents’ social environment
Opinions of the respondents’ environment
Very much in favour
04/2006
8
09/2005
5
09/2004
6
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Rather in favour
Rather against
35
28
30
32
33
Very much against
9
13
30
[DK/NA]
19
23
10
20
Q14. Generally speaking, are most people you personally know more in favour or against the idea of introducing the
euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
% NMS10
In order to describe general attitudes towards the euro, our research respondents were asked to
evaluate how people they know felt about the introduction process. This is an important approach to
take, since one’s social environment has a reasonably large affect on people’s opinions. And, taken as
a whole, more people report a positive than a negative climate of opinion in their environment.
The same general positive trend that can be seen in previous paragraphs might also be detected here.
In 2004, 39% of respondents in the NMS10 reckoned that their acquaintances supported the euro; in
2005, the respective figure was 33%, 6 percentage points less. Yet in 2006, 43% of citizens thought
that their ‘surroundings’ were in favour of introduction of the euro, this being a +10 percentage points
increase from the previous year.
In contrast, the amount of those perceiving their environment to be against introduction of the euro
goes down here by 6 percentage points, from 45% to 39%. Also, the proportion of persons who cannot
or don’t want answer the question decreases significantly, too - from 23% in 2005 to 19% in 2006.
Time changes are again most notable at the country level. The countries where the majority think
that their environment is in favour of euro introduction are Slovenia (64%) and Hungary (54%).This
result is consistent with figures from 2004 and 2005: while in both countries the share went down
between 2004 and 2005 (-9 in Slovenia and -10 points in Hungary, respectively), they go up between
2005 and 2006 (+16 points in Slovenia and +9 points in Hungary).
On the opposite side, in Lithuania (55%), Cyprus (54%), Latvia (53%) and Estonia (53%), more than a
half of respondents thought that people they know are against introduction of the euro. In 2005, the
countries with the highest proportion of citizens seeing their environment as being against such a thing
were Lithuania (59%), Cyprus (52%) and the Czech Republic (51%) - though this was not the case
with Latvia and Estonia, where only 49% and 45%, respectively, noted a negative climate in this
respect.
page 32
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Opinions of the respondents’ environment: against introducing the euro
70
09/2004
60
55
50
52
45
41
40
09/2005
04/2006
59
54
53
45
44
39
53
49
48
51
41
40
49
44
46
48
42
38
36
45 46
40
39
31
30
25
22
22
24
22
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
LT
CY
LV
EE
CZ
SK
MT
PL
SI
HU
Q14. Generally speaking, are most people you personally know more in favour or against the idea of introducing the
euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
Respondents seeing the people they know to be against the idea of introducing the euro in their country, % by country
When taking a closer look at individual Member States, some noteworthy changes in the shares of
people stating that their acquaintances were against euro introduction can be pointed to.
Differing from last year’s trend - when in all countries the ‘against’ category scores showed a rise - in
2006, only in three countries this statement is still true. It is only in Estonia (+8 points), Latvia (+4
points) and Cyprus (+2 points) where more citizens see their acquaintances as being against
introduction of euro. This follows the trend already detected with the question of the perceived
consequences of the euro in the case of Latvia and Cyprus. In all other countries a decrease can be
seen with regard to this issue, with the most striking changes occurring in Malta (-8 points), Poland (7), Slovakia (-7) and the Czech Republic (-7).
All in all, therefore, it can be concluded that NMS10 citizens perceive their environment to be more
positive when it comes to introduction of the euro than was the case a year ago or even in 2004.
Analytical Report, page 33
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
3.2.2. Support of replacing the national currency with the euro
Besides the rational aspects involved, changing one’s national currency is an emotional issue as well.
A national currency represents the autonomy of the nation-state, and contributes to the national
identity of the community of users. Eurobarometer looked at how people related to a future
changeover to the euro emotionally, by asking whether or not persons would be happy if the euro were
to replace their national currency.
Opinions on the replacement of the national currency by the euro
Very happy
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Rather happy
8
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
35
DK/NA]
13
18
35
31
Very unhappy
29
39
9
6
Rather unhappy
31
16
10
11
10
Q15. Are you personally happy or not that the euro could replace the (NATIONAL CURRENCY)?
% NMS10
In 2006, about half (48%) of respondents in the NMS10 say that they would be happy about the idea
of the euro replacing their national currency. This is 12 percentage points more than was detected in
2005 and 6 percentage points more than in 2004. At the same time, also, the proportion of those
feeling unhappy about the process decreases by 11 percentage points between 2005 and 2006 and by 5
percentage points between 2004 and 2006. In this way, there are slightly more citizens in NMS10
countries are ready emotionally for the change, then those who are not.
Looking the results country-by-country, a clear tendency can be seen: except one, in every country
the number of those persons feeling happy increases, whereas the amount of those feeling unhappy
decreases.
As in the earlier measurements, people being emotionally the most ready for the replacement of their
national currency can be found in Slovenia (64%) and Hungary (56%).
These are also the two countries in which the share of happy respondents significantly outnumbers the
share of those who are unhappy (with 34 and 21 point differences respectively). We can say the same
about Slovakia (an 18 point difference), Poland (11 point difference). In 2005, only in Slovenia and
Hungary was the proportion of happy citizens higher than the proportion of unhappy ones.
Similarly to the results from 2005, in the three Baltic countries - Latvia (64%), Estonia (60%) and
Lithuania (56%) - the majority of respondents feel unhappy about the euro introduction.
page 34
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Are you personally happy or not that the euro could replace the
(NATIONAL CURRENCY)? (%)
Very + rather happy
Very + rather unhappy
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS
48
36
42
42
53
47
SI
HU
SK
PL
MT
CY
CZ
LT
EE
LV
64
56
54
50
42
39
39
33
31
28
58
49
42
34
40
40
33
25
24
21
66
56
50
40
41
49
39
34
29
23
30
35
36
39
41
52
52
56
60
64
34
37
50
54
48
53
58
69
64
64
27
33
42
49
49
40
55
58
57
59
In one year, the proportion of respondents feeling happy has increased in every country, except
Cyprus (a -1 point decrease in this country). The most notable changes can be found in Poland (+16
points) and Slovakia (+12 points).
The share of those feeling unhappy has decreased in every country except Latvia, which has
unchanged rates. The decrease of unfavourable emotional stance among persons is strongest in Poland
(-15 points) and Slovakia (-14 points), as well as in Lithuania (-13 points).
In consequence, therefore, we can also say with regard to this question that there is a clearly positive
trend occurring both when comparing to one year ago or to 2004.
Analytical Report, page 35
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
3.2.3. The most desired time frame for adoption of the euro
Support for the euro was also evaluated via our asking persons when they would like to have the euro
introduced into their country.
The wished timeframe for adopting the euro
As soon as possible
04/2006
09/2005
After a certain time
21
17
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
19
As late as possible
[DK/NA]
34
5
39
32
46
36
5
40
5
Q16. When would you like the euro to become your currency?
% NMS10
While in both 2004 and 2005, the largest proportion of citizens would choose such an option as
late as possible, this answer category was resorted to by only one third of the NMS10 citizens (34%)
in 2006, with this score being 12 percentage points less than in 2005 and 6 percentage points less than
in 2004.
Every fifth citizen (21%) indicates that the euro should become the currency as soon as possible. This
is 4 percentage points more than in 2005 and 2 percentage points more than in 2004. The amount of
those saying they want to adopt the euro as a national currency after a certain time increases from 32%
to 39% (36% in 2004). Consequently, it can be concluded that respondents are in more of a hurry to
adopt the euro than was the case a year ago. The percentage of those who could not or didn’t want to
answer the question remains stable for these survey years (at 5%).
Slovenians and Hungarians continue to be the ones finding euro adoption as being most acceptable and they are clearly ahead of the rest of the new Member States. 38% of respondents in Slovenia and
36% in Hungary wish to adopt the euro as soon as possible, and these percentages are up, respectively,
by 6-6 percentage points compared to 2005 results. The lowest rates of those wanting to adopt the
euro as soon as possible are to be found in Latvia (13%), the Czech Republic (15%) and Slovakia
(16%). Latvia stood at the end of this ranking in both 2004 and 2005 (with 13% and 12% respectively)
The highest proportions of respondents willing to postpone introduction of the euro to as late as
possible can be found in Latvia (48%), Cyprus (43%) and Estonia (43%). These rates are lower than
in 2005, though, i.e. when in Latvia (52%) and Poland (50%) approximately half of all citizens chose
this ‘as late as possible’ option.
page 36
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
When would you like the euro to become your currency? (%)
As soon as possible
After a certain time
As late as possible
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS10
21
17
19
39
32
36
34
46
40
SI
38
32
38
31
29
30
25
32
25
HU
36
30
32
33
33
42
27
29
21
LT
21
12
15
33
36
40
36
46
38
PL
20
15
17
41
32
34
35
50
45
CY
18
20
21
34
32
37
43
44
34
MT
18
14
15
37
33
33
34
40
46
EE
17
19
15
34
27
31
43
47
47
SK
16
16
18
49
36
41
29
42
33
CZ
15
14
16
40
31
36
40
49
42
LV
13
12
13
35
27
31
48
52
46
In contrast with the change occurring between 2004 and 2005, the overall trend with regard to a
country’s adopting the euro sooner is now apparent. In general, proportions in the categories as
soon as possible and after a certain time are increasing, whereas measurements for as late as possible
are showing a decrease. The only exception here is Cyprus, where the amount of those who want the
euro to become their currency sooner rather than later (i.e. ‘as soon as possible’ and ‘after a certain
time’, together) remains unchanged.
The greatest reduction in the number of people wishing to adopt the euro as late as possible can be
found in Poland (-15 points), Slovakia (-13 points) and Lithuania (-10 points); whereas the largest
increase in the proportion of citizens willing to get the euro as soon as possible is to be found in
Lithuania (+9 points). There are two countries for which fewer citizens said they want the euro as their
currency as soon as possible compared to the case one year ago: Estonia and Cyprus (both showing -2
point). And there is one country that portrays no change in this respect, namely Slovakia. Moreover, it
is worth noting that Estonia is the only country where persons willing to have the euro as their
currency as soon as possible were more numerous in 2005 than was the case in 2004 (with +4 points).
Analytical Report, page 37
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
3.2.4. Status of the euro as an international currency
Status of the euro as an international currency
Yes
04/2006
No
74
09/2005
72
09/2004
73
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
[DK/NA]
18
20
20
8
8
7
Q18. Do you think that the euro is an international currency like the US dollar or the Japanese Yen?
% NMS10
As in all previous years, an overwhelming majority of NMS10 citizens see the euro as an
international currency, like the US dollar or the Japanese Yen. Almost three quarters of persons
agreed with such a statement in 2006 (74%). Perceptions of the euro’s status has remained stable.
The percentage of respondents giving a ‘yes’ answer varies between 81% in Slovenia and 72% in
Hungary and Cyprus. It is worth noting that in year 2005 Slovenians as well the Cypriots were at the
top there, with 77-77% - while the Estonians came in at the bottom (63%).
When looking at time changes at a country level, the only drop in the amount of respondents
appreciating the euro as an international currency can be detected in Cyprus (-5 points). There has
been no change in Poland, though in all other countries the share of those replying ‘yes’ here has
shown an increase - significantly in Estonia (+10) and Latvia (+9), while more moderately in others.
We can clearly see that a positive perception of the euro as an international currency does lead to
a greater degree of support for adoption of the currency. While 66% of persons who see the euro as
an international currency want it to become their currency sooner (rather than later), only 44% of those
who think otherwise want it to become their currency. Such a positive association is valid for all but
two countries, namely Cyprus and Malta2.
2
Cramer’s V association index equals 0,22 (sign. 0,199) for Cyprus, and equals 0,27 (sign. 0,277) for Malta. There are no significant
associations between variables q16 and q18 for these countries.
page 38
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
3.3. Analysis by demographics
As an overall conclusion we can say that consequences as well as opinions about introduction of the
euro are quite positive, and not just at a national but also at the personal level. Nevertheless, some
interesting points can be emphasized: men are more positive and happier than are women with
introduction of the euro, they are more likely to wish to have the euro as soon as possible, and they are
also more likely to consider the euro an international currency.
Seeing positive consequences and being generally happier is also more characteristic of the younger
generation – though this is least so for the more elderly. Additionally, those who are still in education
are more enthusiastic about the euro than are others, and those with a higher level of education are also
more likely to see positive consequences and to be happy about the euro’s introduction .
The most active supporters are the self-employed, followed by employees. In general, respondents
from metropolitan areas were positive and happy in the highest numbers about the possible
changeover, with these being followed by persons in smaller urban settlements. The rural area
population wish the euro to be introduced as late as possible, though. (Further details about the sociodemographic aspects of popular support for the euro can be found in the Annex Tables.)
Analytical Report, page 39
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
4.
The Gallup Organization
Consequences of adopting the euro
This last chapter deals with opinions about the practical consequences and people’s expectations and
fears related to introduction of the euro.
4.1. Political and economical consequences of introduction of the euro
4.1.1. The euro as a threat to price stability?
Price stability is one of the main objectives of EMU. The European Central Bank’s track record has
been impressive, with low inflation rates not exceeding 2.4% per annum since introduction of the euro
in 1999. Against this background, the survey also takes a look at citizens’ expectations in the new
Member States as regards price stability issues.
In contrast to previous experience and empirical evidence related to euro introduction in the current
twelve Euro countries, most citizens in the New Member States fear that introduction of the euro will
lead to an increase in inflation in their country.
Citizens of the NMS10 are clearly more inclined to believe that the euro will increase inflation
rather than help maintain price stability in their country.
In 2006 close to half of respondents think that the introduction of the euro in their country will
increase inflation (46%) and this figure is only 2 percentage points less than in both previous years. On
the other hand, though, 29% of persons believe that the euro can maintain price stability, with this
being more people than in 2005 (+5 points) or 2004 (+4 points).
Consequences of the introduction of the euro on prices
Will help maintain price stability
04/2006
29
09/2005
24
09/2004
25
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Will increase inflation
46
48
48
[No impact]
8
[DK/NA]
18
9
18
8
18
Q17. Do you think the euro will help to maintain price stability or, on the contrary, increase
inflation in (OUR COUNTRY)?
% NMS10
Hungarians (45%), Slovakians (32%) and Poles (29%) are the ones who believe most in stable prices
after introduction of the euro. The Hungarians and Poles were among those who had the highest
proportion of respondents considering price stability to be an outcome of euro introduction in previous
years as well. Similarly to the 2005 situation, there is only one country, Hungary, where the amount of
the people believing in price stability outnumbers those expecting an increase in inflation (a +14 point
difference). In all of the other NMS10 members persons who say that inflation will go up because of
the euro are in a higher number than those who believe in its maintaining price stability - with highest
differences coming from Cyprus (a 54 point difference) and Malta (a 52 point difference).
page 40
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
In all such countries, except for Hungary, respondents feared more that the euro would lead to
an increase in inflation, this being especially the case in Cyprus (69%), Malta (67%) and Slovenia
(65%). In 2005, also, it was Lithuania, Cyprus and Malta who were in the top three, while in 2004 we
had Malta, Cyprus and Latvia.
Consequences of the introduction of the euro on prices: help maintain price stability
80
09/2004
70
09/2005
04/2006
60
50
45
45
39
40
30
37 36
32
29
25 24
21 20
20
29
27
23 24
22
18 1 8
20
22
19
14
14 1 5
LT
LV
18 17 17 17
20
19
15
15 15
10
0
NMS1 0
HU
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
SK
PL
SI
CZ
EE
MT
CY
Q17. Do you think the euro will help to maintain price stability or, on the contrary, increase inflation in (OUR
COUNTRY)?
Help to maintain price stability, % by country
In six countries out of ten, the percentage of respondents believing that the euro would help keep
a hold on price stability increases compared to 2005 results. In Cyprus and Estonia, the share
remains the same as the year before, while a mild decrease can be found in Malta (-4 points) and
Slovenia (-9 points). The biggest increase can be seen in Slovakia (+12 points) and notable positive
changes in Hungary (+6), Lithuania (+5) and Poland (+5).
Consequences of the introduction of the euro on prices: increase inflation
80
09/2004
70
60
50
67
65
62 61
59
61
55
48 48
09/2005
04/2006
71
69 69
64
61 62
54
61
54
51
49
46
54
51
47
44
46
44 45
43
43
40
31
30
27 26
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
CY
MT
SI
LV
EE
LT
CZ
PL
SK
HU
Q17. Do you think the euro will help to maintain price stability or, on the contrary, increase inflation in (OUR
COUNTRY)?
Will increase inflation, % by country
Analytical Report, page 41
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
The trend is the opposite amongst those who believe that euro introduction will increase inflation,
although not all countries produce the logically expected changes. In six out of ten countries, the
share of those fearing inflation is increasing. This is the case in Slovenia (+16), the Czech Republic
(+8), Malta (+6), Hungary (+5), Latvia (+3) and Estonia (+1). There is no change in Cyprus, however;
while in Slovakia (-3), Poland (-7) and Lithuania (-10) this ratio has decreased since 2005. It needs to
be noted that in Hungary, Latvia and the Czech Republic both ratios show an increase: i.e. of persons
who think that price stability will occur, and those who expect higher inflation after their introducing
the euro – a result of the fact, that more and more people have a definite opinion on the issue.
page 42
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
4.1.2. Favourable political and economic consequences of euro introduction
Looking at the various economic or political effects of euro introduction, people agree that including
their country into the euro zone will improve Europe’s global significance (68%), and they also tend to
believe that it will have a positive effect in the area of public finances (44%) and will protect them
from international crises (42%). People are more sceptical, however, regarding whether a change to
the euro will ease their debt burdens (only 35% say ‘yes’), and the relative majority do not expect that
it will help to increase employment or boost economic growth (38%).
Potential political and economic advantages of adopting the euro
Will ensure lower
interest rates, lower
debt charges
DK/NA
; 34
Will ensure
sounder public
finances
DK/NA
; 25
yes; 35
Will reinforce the
place of Europe in
the world
DK/NA
; 12
no; 20
yes; 44
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
DK/NA;
22
yes; 68
no; 30
no; 31
Will improve
growth,
employment
Will protect from the
effects of
international crises
DK/NA;
yes; 38
28
yes; 42
no; 30
no; 40
NEW20. In your opinion, what are the main advantages of the adoption of the euro for (OUR
COUNTRY)?
Q19e. Do you think that the euro ... Will protect OUR COUNTRY from the effects of international crises?
% NMS10
Adoption of the euro will … (%)
ensure lower
interest rates,
lower debt
charges
ensure
sounder
public
finances
reinforce the
place of
Europe in the
world
improve
growth,
employment
protect the
country from
the effects of
international
crises
NMS10
35
44
68
38
42
CZ
23
34
58
25
33
EE
21
33
56
35
33
CY
42
39
73
40
45
LV
29
36
61
34
34
LT
29
44
63
52
35
HU
52
66
75
49
50
MT
27
44
66
40
42
PL
34
42
70
39
42
SK
35
42
71
29
50
SI
47
53
68
22
49
As the table shows, these opinions are consistent across the countries of the region, though there are a
few notable exceptions. In contrast to the regional average, the Baltic countries and Malta are less sure
that credit charges will be more favourable after joining the euro zone. Hungarians (52%),
Slovenians (47%) and Cypriots (42%) agree with this statement in higher number than the average in
the NMS countries.
Analytical Report, page 43
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
As to whether the common currency can help a country to have healthier public finances,
disbelievers are in a majority only in the Czech Republic (an 8 point difference), while optimists and
pessimists break even in Estonia and Latvia in this respect. Hungarians (66%) and Slovenians (53%)
are more likely to agree with this statement.
There are no major doubts in any country regarding the stronger global positioning of Europe after a
euro-zone enlargement. In all countries, the number of those who think that the euro will reinforce the
place of Europe in the world outnumbers of those who argue the contrary. Among Hungarians,
Cypriots, Slovakians and Poles we find citizens considering at a rate above the NMS10 average that
there will be a stronger global positioning for Europe.
The most controversial statement is whether or not introduction of the euro can increase economic
growth and employment. A resounding ‘no’ can be heard in this respect from Slovenia (66%), the
Czech Republic (57%), and Slovakia (50%). At the same time, the majority of Lithuanians (52%) and
Hungarians (49%) do hope for such an effect after having entered the euro zone, with these two being
again above NMS10 average, along with Cyprus, Malta and Poland.
And, finally, who believes that the euro will protect their country from the effects of international
crises? Slovakians (50%) and Hungarians (50%) think so at a highest proportion; while the most
sceptical in this regard are the Estonians (33%). Sceptics are in the majority besides the Estonians in
the Czech Republic, Latvia and Lithuania.
page 44
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
4.1.3. The euro as an ingredient in European identity
Rise of the European identity
Agree
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Disagree
DK/NA]
55
43
47
39
48
45
6
9
8
Q21e. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„The usage of the euro instead of the NATIONAL CURRENCY will make us feel more European than now”
% NMS10
This statement here runs indirectly in parallel to the statement about the loss of national identity
(discussed later, under point 4.3.2), for it deals with the somewhat problematic balance between
European money and national identity.
In 2006, the proportion of those who agree that replacement of their currency by the euro will make
them feel more ‘European’ outnumbers the ratio of those who disagree with this. 55% of the citizens
in new Member States believe that the euro would contribute to their feeling of being European. This
is 12 percentage points more than in 2005, and is 8 percentage points more than in 2004. In contrast to
the results of a year earlier, those disagreeing with the statement are less than the first group by 16
points. (On the average 39% see no connection having a European identity and euro.)
People agreeing most often with this statement reside in the Czech Republic (69%), Slovenia (66%)
and Malta (64%). Slovenia and Malta were among the top three countries in this respect in 2004 and
2005, too, the only significant change observed in the Czech Republic.
Those who do not believe that they will feel more European are in Hungary (60%), Cyprus (49%),
Estonia (45%) and Lithuania (45%). Hungary and Estonia were among the top three countries who
disagreed with the statement in both previous years, too – with Cyprus being among the top three only
in 2005, and Lithuania being among the top four in all years.
In all countries the share of respondents believing that the euro would make them feel more European
has increased. We see a very notable change in the Czech Republic (+25 points), major changes in
four other countries (Latvia +17, Slovakia +14, Poland +11 and Estonia +10), significant changes in
Lithuania (+5), Malta (+5) and Hungary (+5) and, finally, very slight increases in Slovenia (+1) and
Cyprus (+1).
Analytical Report, page 45
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Usage of the euro instead of the (NATIONAL CURRENCY) will probably make
us feel more European than now (%)
Agree
NMS10
Disagree
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
55
43
47
39
48
45
CZ
69
44
53
26
41
37
SI
66
65
70
32
32
26
MT
64
59
59
28
31
31
PL
58
47
49
37
46
45
SK
57
43
41
34
42
40
LV
53
36
40
38
47
41
CY
47
46
55
49
51
41
EE
44
34
38
45
54
49
LT
42
37
43
45
51
42
HU
36
31
32
60
63
64
The ratio of those who disagree does not change in Slovenia, while in all other countries there is a
decline -, with the highest points’ change occurring in the Czech Republic (-15 points).
4.2. Practical consequences of the euro changeover
There are several advantages of belonging to the euro-zone that respondents universally
acknowledged. In order to evaluate NMS10 citizens’ perceptions of the practical consequences of the
euro, persons were presented with four statements associated with the positive and practical outcomes
of euro introduction.
Expected positive effects of joining the euro-zone (%, NMS-10)
Yes
d) Will it be more convenient for
persons who travel in other countries
using the euro?
b) Will it make it easier to shop in other
countries that use the euro?
a) Will it allow you to easily compare
prices with other countries that use the
euro?
c) Will it save money by eliminating
currency exchange charges in other
countries that use the euro?
No
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
95
92
92
3
4
5
90
80
82
7
13
12
83
70
73
11
19
18
78
74
77
13
12
11
As in previous years, a notable majority of respondents agreed with all these statements. The most
agreeable practical benefit from adopting the euro is seen to be the easier travelling inside the euro
area. 95% agreed with this statement in 2006, and this rate is higher, by +3 points, than in previous
years (92-92% agreed with the statement in both previous years).
In 2006, 90% of respondents believe that the euro will make purchasing in other euro-area
countries easier, which is 10 points higher than one year ago and 8 points higher than two years ago.
page 46
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
83% appreciate the easier comparison of prices between the euro-area countries, whereas 78% see
the disappearance of the costs of currency exchanging as a benefit. Support for the last two
statements has increased by 13 and 4 percentage points respectively since 2005, and by 10 and 1
points respectively since 2004.
Hungarians and Poles see such statements in the most positive light, whereas Lithuanians are slightly
less enthusiastic about the practical consequences inherent in introduction of the euro. This pattern is
similar to previous years’ results. Also, it is worth mentioning that, while Cypriots are positive
regarding the easy comparison of prices and easier shopping in other countries, they are less so
regarding money that can be saved via eliminating of currency exchange charges.
Do you think that the euro…?
NMS10
Will be more
convenient for
those who travel
95
HU
SI
PL
LV
EE
CY
CZ
MT
LT
SK
97
96
96
94
94
94
93
92
91
90
(%)
90
Will allow you to
easily compare
prices
83
Will save money by
eliminating fees of
currency exchange
78
94
90
93
89
80
92
85
81
78
83
91
81
85
82
76
85
77
78
71
73
88
75
78
76
72
71
80
63
61
77
Will make it easier
to purchase
Analytical Report, page 47
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
4.3.
The Gallup Organization
Fears regarding the introduction of the euro
There are several fears people refer to in discussions regarding the euro. Many are only shared by a
minority in the New Member States. The majority of persons are not concerned about personal
inconveniences caused by any changeover, and they are also not so worried that their country will lose
control over its economy. Only one third of citizens said that they feared that abandoning their old and
established currency would have a negative effect on their country’s identity. What persons are clearly
afraid of, though, are potential abuses around the time of the changeover. Three quarters of persons are
worried that they will be cheated during such a changeover; and those from the more sceptical
countries tend to be more concerned about each of these issues.
Fears regarding the adoption of the euro
The replacement of the
[CURRENCY] by the euro
will cause you personally a
lot of inconvenience
You are afraid of
abuses and cheating on
prices during the
changeover
Adopting the euro will
mean that [COUNTRY]
will lose control over its
economic policy
DK/NA;
13
yes; 29
DK/NA; 3
no; 23
DK/NA; 7
yes; 35
no; 58
yes; 74
DK/NA; 9
yes; 34
no; 58
no; 59
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Adopting the euro
will mean that
[COUNTRY] will lose
a great deal of its
identity
Could you tell me for each of the following statements if
you agree or disagree…?
The replacement of
the [CURRENCY]
by the euro will
cause you personally
a lot of
inconvenience
agree
disagree
You are afraid of
abuses and cheating
on prices during the
changeover
Adopting the euro
will mean that
[COUNTRY] will
lose control over its
economic policy
Adopting the euro
will mean that
[COUNTRY] will
lose a great deal of
its identity
agree
disagree
agree
disagree
agree
disagree
NMS10
35
58
74
23
29
59
34
58
CZ
41
53
69
28
29
61
46
49
EE
41
46
72
21
39
44
48
35
CY
46
50
83
13
43
45
45
48
LV
46
50
74
22
54
32
66
27
LT
45
46
75
21
38
44
51
34
HU
40
52
64
32
19
69
19
71
MT
47
45
79
15
26
54
37
54
PL
30
63
79
18
28
59
29
63
SK
36
52
68
25
30
55
39
49
SI
21
78
70
29
30
63
34
62
In general, we can conclude here that fear – by and large -- declined between 2005 and 2006. With
regard to all statements, fewer citizens said ‘yes’ in 2006 than in 2005: as regards their country losing
control of its economic policy there is a 6 point drop; that one’s country will lose a great deal of its
page 48
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
identity has a 5 point drop; replacement of the national currency will cause inconvenience at a
personal level has a 4 point drop; and, finally, there is a 1 point drop as regards citizens fears of abuses
and cheating on prices during a changeover.
There are some country-specific differences in the ratio of citizens who are afraid of more specific
causes of euro introduction. Most of the time we can say that the most fearful about the changeover
are the Cypriots - and the most “courageous” are Hungarians.
4.3.1. Abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover
Fear of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover
Agree
Disagree
DK/NA]
04/2006
74
23
09/2005
75
20
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
71
23
3
5
6
Q21b. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„Fear of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover”
% NMS10
The fear of being cheated or ’ill-treated’ with regard to prices during the changeover has decreased
slightly in one year. In 2006, three quarters of the citizens of the NMS10 are afraid that introduction
of the euro in their country will lead to cheating and abuses on prices during the changeover period
(74%); and the number of respondents agreeing with this statement is 1 point less than a year ago,
though is 3 points more than two years ago. At the same time, the share of those not having any fears
of this kind of conduct has gone up by 3 points since 2005 (from 20% to 23%), though this remains
unchanged when comparing with 2004 data. There are fewer citizens in 2006 than there were in
previous years – by 2 points - who cannot answer this question.
This statement clearly stands out from among the other four, for most respondents agreed with it.
What's more, a similar kind of fear could be detected in surveys carried out in the present Euro
countries before the euro was adopted as a national currency3.
Respondents in Cyprus (83%) are most afraid of being cheated in prices during a changeover, these
being followed by citizens of Poland and Malta (79-79%). These three countries were at the ‘top’ in
previous years, too.
Hungarians disagree with the statement at the highest proportion (32%), these being followed by
Slovenians (29%) and the Czech (28%). It is worth mentioning also that in 2005 the majority of
Slovenians (55%) disagreed with this statement, with Slovenia being the only country where there
were more respondents trusting in fair pricing during the changeover than being afraid of any abuses.
3
TP
PT
Flash EB 98/2
Analytical Report, page 49
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Fears regarding the introduction of the euro: afraid of abuses and cheating on
prices during the changeover
Disagree
Agree
23
NMS1 0
74
13
CY
MT
83
15
PL
79
19
LT
79
21
75
22
LV
74
21
EE
72
29
SI
70
28
CZ
69
25
SK
69
32
HU
64
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Q21b. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„You are afraid of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover”
% by country
In 2006, the situation is that in all countries the ratio of those who are afraid of abuses and cheating
on prices during the changeover outnumbers the ratio of those who would place their trust in fair
prices. The lowest differences between the ratios of persons who disagree vs. those who agree we are
able to see in Hungary (32% vs. 64%) and in Slovenia (29% vs. 70%); while the greatest difference is
in Cyprus (13% vs. 83%).
Fears regarding the introduction of the euro: afraid of abuses and cheating on prices
during the changeover
100
09/2004
90
83 83 85
80
71
75 74
78
72
79 79
79
09/2005
78
72
75
74
68 69
67
70
04/2006
70
75
72
70
66
63
66
69
68
64
64
60
49
50
53
43
40
34
30
20
10
0
NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
page 50
CY
PL
MT
LT
LV
EE
SI
CZ
SK
HU
q21b. You are afraid of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover,
% by country
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
When observing the changes over one year on a country-by-country basis, we find that in six out of
ten New Member States the proportion of respondents agreeing with the statement referring to
persons’ being afraid of abuses and cheating on prices during a changeover has increased since
2005. The highest increase we are able to measures for Slovenia (+27 points); while there is a
significant increase for Hungary (+11). There is no change in Malta, and decreases occur in Slovakia
(-7 points), Poland (-6 points) and Lithuania (-3 points) as regards the amount of people who are afraid
of abuses and cheating. In 2005 Estonia was the only country where the proportion of those agreeing
with the statement had gone down since 2004 (-4 points).
4.3.2. Loss of national identity due to adoption of the euro
Fear of losing a great deal of identity
Agree
04/2006
34
Disagree
DK/NA]
58
9
09/2005
39
49
11
09/2004
39
49
11
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Q21d. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„Adopting the euro will mean that COUNTRY will lose a great deal of its identity”
% NMS10
In 2006, the majority of the citizens of NMS10 countries do not believe that adopting the euro will
make their country lose its identity (58%); and this is a significant change since previous years, when,
in both 2004 and 2005, fewer than half of citizens thought this (49-49%).
Analytical Report, page 51
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Only one third of the respondents feel that this will be the case (34%), this being 5-5 points fewer than
in either 2004 or 2005. The ratio of those who could not answer the question shows a slight decrease
since last year (from 11% in 2005 to 9% in 2006).
Do you think that adopting the euro will mean that (OUR COUNTRY) will lose
a great deal of its identity?
Agree
Disagree
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS
34
39
39
58
49
49
HU
19
26
24
71
65
67
PL
29
38
41
63
52
50
SI
34
38
34
62
52
57
MT
37
39
36
54
49
53
SK
39
39
34
49
42
43
CZ
46
45
45
49
41
43
CY
45
42
38
48
53
55
EE
48
49
49
35
33
35
LT
51
51
40
34
30
38
LV
66
59
58
27
24
25
Hungarians are the ones most likely to disagree with the statement (71%), followed by Poles (63%)
and Slovenians (62%).
Most people who feel that the euro would risk their countries’ identity are to be found in the Baltic
countries this year, too. 66% of Latvians, 51% of Lithuanians, and 48% of Estonians fear that the
introduction of the euro would cause their countries to lose a great deal of their national identity.
Looking more deeply at the trends via the ‘agree’ column, a slightly decreasing tendency for the
amount of those agreeing with the statement concerning loss of national identity can be seen. This
is the case in five of the ten new Member States, namely in Poland (-9), Hungary (-7), Slovenia (-4),
Malta (-2) and Estonia (-1). There is no change in Slovakia and Lithuania, while an increase can be
seen in Latvia (+7), Cyprus (+3) and the Czech Republic (+1).
In contrast, in 9 countries out of 10 the proportion of respondents disagreeing with the statement has
increased, most significantly in Poland (+11) and Slovenia (+10), but also in the Czech Republic (+8),
Slovakia (+7), Hungary (+6). There is only Cyprus for which fewer citizens disagree with the
statement (-5 points).
The most marked change can be found in Poland for 2006 - and this change is in a positive direction.
As we have already emphasized, the share of those agreeing with the view that the euro will constitute
a threat to national identity has gone down by 9 points - whereas the amount disagreeing with the
statement has risen by 11 points.
We need to point out Latvia and the Czech Republic as well, where both the ratio of those who agree
(+7, and +1) and those who disagree (+3, and +8) with the statement has increased since 2005.
page 52
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
4.3.3. Inconveniences suffered due to introduction of the euro
Personal inconvenience due to euro introduction
Agree
04/2006
09/2005
09/2004
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
35
39
36
Disagree
DK/NA]
58
7
51
10
54
10
Q21a. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„The replacement of national currency by the euro will cause you personally a lot of inconvenience”
% NMS10
Over half of the citizens of new Member States disagree with the statement related to the euro’s
causing them a lot of inconvenience. In 2006, on the average, 7 percentage points more citizens
disagree with the statement than previously. At the same time, the share of respondents feeling that the
euro would cause them inconveniences has decreased from 39% to 35% between 2005 and 2006
(being 36% in 2004).
The lowest numbers of persons expecting personal inconveniences given the introduction of the
euro are to be seen in Slovenia (78% disagree with the statement) and Poland (where 63% disagree) .
In contrast, the citizens of Malta, Cyprus and Latvia agreed more often with this statement. 47% of
Maltese, 46% of Cypriots and 46% of Latvians feel that the introduction of the euro would cause them
personal inconveniences. Malta was at the top in this respect in all previous years, too, although more
citizens agreed with this statement in those years (49% and 51%, respectively in 2004 and 2005).
Analytical Report, page 53
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
The replacement of the (NATIONAL CURRENCY) by the euro will cause you
personally a lot of inconvenience - % country
Agree
Disagree
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS10
35
39
36
58
51
54
SI
21
25
18
78
73
78
PL
30
42
40
63
53
55
CZ
41
34
34
53
46
50
HU
40
29
24
52
57
61
SK
36
42
31
52
41
44
CY
46
49
40
50
48
56
LV
46
41
41
50
46
45
LT
45
53
40
46
40
49
EE
41
42
37
46
50
51
MT
47
51
49
45
35
43
A slightly positive trend can also be observed with this statement. In all but one country the
proportion of those who disagree with the statement – i.e. that currency replacement by the euro will
cause a lot of inconvenience - outnumbers the number of those who agree with it. The exception here
is Malta (with more agreeing, by 2 points) and Lithuania, where the two opinions attract roughly the
same number of people.
In 7 countries out of the ten new Member States, the share of respondents agreeing with the ‘personal
inconvenience’ statement shows a decrease; and there it is only in Hungary (+11 points), the Czech
Republic (+7 points) and Latvia (+5 points) where such a ratio depicts an increase. Consequently, on
the other side of the table, the percentage of respondents disagreeing with the statement increases for
the majority of countries - with the exception of Estonia (-4 points) and Hungary (-5 points). In the
Czech Republic and Latvia, both the proportion of those who agree, as well of those who disagree, has
increased since 2005 – while in Estonia both ratios have decreased.
The greatest changes in figures are to be seen in Poland, where the share of those feeling that the euro
will cause them inconvenience goes down by 12 points – while the share of those disagreeing has
increases by 10 points. The same trend can additionally be observed in Slovakia (-6 points vs. +11
points) and Malta (-4 points vs. +10 points).
page 54
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
4.3.4. Loss of control over national economic policy
Loss of control over the national economic policy
Agree
04/2006
Disagree
29
DK/NA]
59
09/2005
35
45
09/2004
34
49
13
20
18
Q21c. Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…?
„Adopting the euro will mean that OUR COUNTRY will lose control over its economic policy”
% NMS10
Source:
FLASH EB 183
31 March-5 April 2006
Consistently with previous results, a majority of respondents in the new Member States do not
believe that euro adoption will cause a loss of control over one’s national economic policy. This
perspective is much more accentuated in 2006 than it was before, for more than half of respondents
said that this will not be the case. This is a major increase during the course of one year as regards
the amount of persons saying this, i.e. going from 45% to 59% (while it was 49% in 2004).
The number of citizens fearing a loss of control has gone down significantly since 2005 - from 35% to
29% (while it was stable in previous years, at 34-35%). There are fewer citizens in 2006 who are
unable to answer the question (13%), too - while reasonably high amounts of respondents answering
did not know in previous years (18-20%), i.e. when people were probably more unfamiliar with the
topic.
Adopting the euro will mean that (OUR COUNTRY) will lose control over its
economic policy
Agree
Disagree
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
2004
NMS10
29
35
34
59
45
49
HU
19
25
23
69
63
67
SI
30
33
28
63
52
56
CZ
29
32
30
61
44
50
PL
28
35
36
59
44
48
SK
30
36
32
55
39
39
MT
26
37
31
54
35
45
CY
43
46
41
45
43
46
EE
39
42
43
44
38
38
LT
38
43
36
44
38
41
LV
54
51
45
32
26
27
Analytical Report, page 55
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
At a country level, 69% of Hungarians and 63% of Slovenians do not fear a loss of control over
economic policy -- the same countries were the most open in this regard in previous years as well.
Latvians and Cypriots are the most cautious regarding the consequences of euro introduction for the
control of their own economy . 54% of Latvians and 43% of Cypriots agree with the statement about
the euro causing a loss of control over the country’s economic policies. In 2005, 51% of Latvians and
46% of Cypriots agreed with this statement, while in 2004 it was 45% of Latvians and 41% of
Cypriots, respectively. (In 2004 the countries having a majority of respondents agreeing with the
statement were Latvia and Estonia, with Cyprus following on in third place).
In all but one country the proportion of those who disagree with statement (i.e. that their country will
lose the control over its economic policy by adopting the euro) outnumber those who agree with it.
Latvia is the only exception, where 54% agree and 32% disagree with the statement. In Lithuania,
Estonia and Cyprus also, differences are small between those who disagree versus persons who agree
(+6, +5, and +2 point differences).
Except for the case of Latvia, the proportion of those agreeing with the statement, thus fearing a loss
of control over economic policy, goes down.
The changes are most distinctive in Malta. In Malta, there is a 19 point increase in the number of
respondents not fearing a loss of control, while the share of those believing this to be the case goes
down by 11 points. The amount of those who do not fear a loss of control increases significantly in
other countries, too - namely in the Czech Republic (+17 points), Slovakia (+16), Poland (+15) and
Slovenia (+11); also – at a lesser rate - in Latvia, Estonia, Hungary and Lithuania (+6 points in all
these countries), and just slightly in Cyprus (+2). This is a major change compared with the situation
from 2005, i.e. when in all countries - except for Slovakia and Estonia - there was a reduced rate of
those who were afraid of such a phenomenon when compared to the situation in 2004.
page 56
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
4.4. Analysis by demographics
The majority of citizens appreciate the practical and positive consequences of the euro, and this is
more true for women then men, for younger people, for more highly educated citizens, for employees
and for citizens from other towns. Metropolitan area dwellers agree more then average that it will be
easy to compare product prices with those existing in other countries.
Looking at political and economical consequences and seeing positive consequences adhering to the
euro, men, the younger generation, those still in education, employees and the ‘other town’ population
have the highest numbers. In most countries it is the manual workers who agree relatively more with
statements related to the euro protecting persons from the effects of international crises and to
improving growth and employment. The rural population sees the main advantage of the euro that it
will reinforce the global position of Europe in the world.
More highly educated people along with self-employed persons are more likely to think that the euro
will maintain price stability, while the highest rates of persons saying that it will lead to an increase in
inflation are women, 25-39 year-old citizens, those still in education, employees and metropolitan area
populations.
While fewer citizens show a fear of consequences of any euro changeover at an NMS10 level, there
are some demographical groups who do have such a fear, these being mainly women, older persons,
least well-educated ones, and manual workers. Citizens from metropolitan areas are especially afraid
of abuses and cheating on prices, and think that countries will lose a great deal of their national
identity because of the euro. Also, those from metropolitan areas, along with men, the older
generation, more highly educated people and the self-employed said at the highest rate that usage of
the euro will make them feel more European.
Analytical Report, page 57
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
Flash EB Series #183
Introduction of the euro
in the new Member States
Wave 3
Annex
Tables
&
Survey
Information
THE GALLUP
ORGANIZATION
page 58
The Gallup Organization
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
Annex, page 59
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
5.
The Gallup Organization
Annex tables
Table 1. Possibility to choose whether or not to introduce the euro ..................................................... 62
Table 2. How many EU countries have already introduced the euro? .................................................. 63
Table 3. Date when the euro will be introduced.................................................................................... 64
Table 4. Do the euro banknotes look the same in all countries ............................................................. 65
Table 5. Do the euro coins look the same in all countries..................................................................... 66
Table 6. Familiarity with euro banknotes.............................................................................................. 67
Table 7. Familiarity with euro coins ..................................................................................................... 68
Table 8. Usage of euro banknotes ......................................................................................................... 69
Table 9. Usage of euro coins ................................................................................................................. 70
Table 10. Location where citizens already used euro banknotes .......................................................... 71
Table 11. Location where citizens already used euro coins .................................................................. 72
Table 12. Information about the euro .................................................................................................... 73
Table 13. When to be informed about the introduction of euro ............................................................ 74
Table 14. Trusting information provided by the government, national or regional authorities ............ 75
Table 15. Trusting information provided by public administration ...................................................... 76
Table 16. Trusting information provided by the national central bank ................................................. 77
Table 17. Trusting information provided by European institutions ...................................................... 78
Table 18. Trusting information provided by commercial banks ........................................................... 79
Table 19. Trusting information provided by journalists........................................................................ 80
Table 20. Trusting information provided by trade unions, professional organisations, etc .................. 81
Table 21. Trusting information provided by consumer associations..................................................... 82
Table 22. Receiving useful information in banks.................................................................................. 83
Table 23. Receiving useful information in supermarkets and shops ..................................................... 84
Table 24. Receiving useful information in public places ...................................................................... 85
Table 25. Receiving useful information in schools and other places of education and training ........... 86
Table 26. Receiving useful information in the workplace..................................................................... 87
Table 27. Receiving useful information on the radio ............................................................................ 88
Table 28. Receiving useful information on television........................................................................... 89
Table 29. Receiving useful information in newspapers, magazines...................................................... 90
Table 30. Receiving useful information in your letter box.................................................................... 91
Table 31. Receiving useful information on the Internet........................................................................ 92
Table 32. Essential in information campaign: the way how the euro will be introduced...................... 93
Table 33. Essential in information campaign: the value of one euro in national currency ................... 94
Table 34. Essential in information campaign: what notes and coins in euros look like........................ 95
Table 35. Essential in information campaign: how to avoid being cheated in currency conversions ... 96
Table 36. Essential in information campaign: practical implications regarding salary, bank account.. 97
Table 37. Essential in information campaign: social, economic or political implications .................... 98
Table 38. Information campaign actions - Dual display of prices in shops .......................................... 99
page 60
The Gallup Organization
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
Table 39. Information campaign actions - Dual display of the amount on bills (electricity, gas, …). 100
Table 40. Information campaign actions - Dual display on your pay slip........................................... 101
Table 41. Information campaign actions - Leaflets / Brochures ......................................................... 102
Table 42. Information campaign actions - TV advertisements ........................................................... 103
Table 43. Information campaign actions - Radio advertisements ....................................................... 104
Table 44. Information campaign actions - Newspaper advertisements............................................... 105
Table 45. Positive or negative consequences of the introduction of the euro ..................................... 106
Table 46. Positive or negative side of the euro introducuction ........................................................... 107
Table 47. Acquaintances in favour or against the idea of introducing the euro .................................. 108
Table 48. Feelings on replacing national currency with euro.............................................................. 109
Table 49. Suitable timing for euro to become the national currency?................................................. 110
Table 50. Euro as an international currency........................................................................................ 111
Table 51. Euro will help to maintain price stability or increase inflation ........................................... 112
Table 52. Main advantages of the adoption of eruo - ensure lower interest rates, less debt charges .. 113
Table 53. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - ensure sounder public finances........................ 114
Table 54. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - reinforce the place of Europe in the world ...... 115
Table 55. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - improve growth, employment ......................... 116
Table 56. The changeover will make people feel more European ...................................................... 117
Table 57. Euro will make it easy to compare prices with other countries........................................... 118
Table 58. Euro will make it easy to shop in other countries ............................................................... 119
Table 59. Euro will save money by eliminating fees of currency exchange ....................................... 120
Table 60. Euro will make it convenient for those who travel in other countries................................. 121
Table 61. Euro will protect from the effects of international crises .................................................... 122
Table 62. Fear of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover ............................................ 123
Table 63. Adopting the euro will mean that countries will lose a great deal of their identity............. 124
Table 64. Replacement of national currency with euro will cause personal inconvenience ............... 125
Table 65. Adopting the euro will mean that the countries will lose control over economic policy .... 126
Annex, page 61
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 1. Possibility to choose whether or not to introduce the euro
QUESTION: Q5bis Can (OUR COUNTRY) choose whether or not to introduce the euro?
page 62
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
68,9
26,4
4,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
51,6
40,5
7,9
Estonia
1015
55,6
40,0
4,4
Cyprus
1003
66,9
27,4
5,7
Latvia
1005
52,9
38,2
8,8
Lithuania
1026
64,4
27,0
8,7
Hungary
1016
69,8
25,1
5,0
Malta
1009
60,6
32,4
7,1
Poland
1011
77,4
19,7
2,9
Slovenia
1028
66,3
30,6
3,2
Slovakia
1003
55,6
38,1
6,3
SEX
Male
4819
67,4
29,0
3,6
Female
5,7
5301
70,3
24,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
73,3
22,9
3,7
25 - 39
2930
70,1
26,6
3,3
40 - 54
2844
68,3
27,5
4,2
55 +
2360
64,8
27,7
7,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
63,5
26,5
10,0
16 - 20
4956
66,7
28,9
4,4
20 +
2745
70,4
26,2
3,5
Still in education
578
82,3
12,7
5,0
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
64,9
31,7
3,4
Employee
2929
69,2
27,8
3,0
Manual worker
1141
66,2
29,1
4,6
Not working
5105
70,4
23,9
5,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
4,7
2394
68,1
27,3
Other towns
4574
69,4
26,0
4,7
Rural zones
3094
69,3
26,3
4,4
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 2. How many EU countries have already introduced the euro?
QUESTION: Q5. According to you, how many EU countries have already introduced the euro?
Total N
%6
% 12
% 15
% 25
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
22,5
38,1
19,3
2,6%
17,4%
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
20,4
39,1
24,7
2,3%
13,5%
Estonia
1015
15,7
40,8
20,2
2,8%
20,5%
Cyprus
1003
9,0
40,7
24,7
3,7%
21,8%
Latvia
1005
18,4
34,5
22,1
3,7%
21,3%
Lithuania
1026
19,5
30,6
18,5
2,7%
28,6%
Hungary
1016
16,3
40,0
26,4
2,5%
14,9%
Malta
1009
11,8
32,2
21,0
7,7%
27,2%
Poland
1011
25,9
37,7
15,0
2,6%
18,8%
Slovenia
1028
14,9
43,0
29,4
4,2%
8,5%
Slovakia
1003
25,6
39,8
20,4
1,8%
12,4%
SEX
Male
4819
22,5
41,2
20,7
2,9%
12,8%
Female
5301
22,6
35,3
18,1
2,4%
21,6%
AGE
15 - 24
1931
13,7
43,9
26,1
5,0%
11,3%
25 - 39
2930
28,3
35,6
17,1
1,3%
17,6%
40 - 54
2844
24,7
39,8
17,5
1,2%
16,8%
55 +
2360
20,4
34,6
18,8
3,8%
22,5%
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
22,9
21,9
20,4
2,2%
32,6%
16 - 20
4956
22,4
36,5
19,0
2,3%
19,9%
20 +
2745
26,8
40,7
16,8
3,6%
12,1%
Still in education
578
11,5
37,6
31,5
2,3%
17,1%
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
20,3
42,6
22,8
1,2%
13,1%
Employee
2929
30,4
38,2
17,1
1,6%
12,7%
Manual worker
1141
17,8
38,8
21,3
5,7%
16,4%
Not working
5105
19,6
37,1
19,6
2,7%
21,0%
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
14,2%
2394
18,4
43,1
20,8
3,4%
Other towns
4574
24,6
38,9
18,9
2,9%
14,7%
Rural zones
3094
22,9
33,1
18,9
1,5%
23,5%
Annex, page 63
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 3. Date when the euro will be introduced
QUESTION: Q5ter When, in which year do you think the euro will be introduced in [OUR COUNTRY]?
page 64
% 2013
or later
%
DK/NA
Total N
% Up till
2008
% 20092010
% 20112012
NMS10
10120
21.8
39.7
14.3
8.0
1.0
15.1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
11.7
57.7
11.6
8.6
1.5
8.9
% never
Estonia
1015
71.2
13.7
2.2
0.7
2.7
9.5
Cyprus
1003
84.2
7.7
0.5
0.5
0.6
6.5
Latvia
1005
51.0
29.2
4.0
2.6
1.1
11.9
Lithuania
1026
71.9
9.9
1.2
0.4
0.8
15.8
Hungary
1016
6.7
51.0
20.9
12.5
0.6
8.2
Malta
1009
85.5
3.8
0.7
0.1
0.5
9.5
Poland
18.0
9.4
1.1
21.2
1011
14.9
35.4
Slovenia
1028
98.7
0.8
Slovakia
1003
19.2
65.9
5.1
2.4
0.3
7.2
SEX
Male
4819
19.6
41.4
15.2
10.7
0.9
12.2
Female
5301
23.7
38.3
13.5
5.6
1.1
17.8
0.5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
26.9
40.1
13.6
4.5
0.4
14.4
25 - 39
2930
22.0
37.4
13.5
9.0
0.7
17.4
40 - 54
2844
17.9
42.0
15.4
10.5
1.2
13.0
55 +
2360
22.1
39.6
14.5
6.9
1.6
15.4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
28.3
28.2
10.3
4.1
0.9
28.3
16 - 20
4956
20.1
42.0
14.3
9.2
1.2
13.3
20 +
2745
21.3
40.4
17.0
9.0
1.1
11.3
Still in education
578
22.4
29.8
5.4
3.9
0.1
38.4
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
16.6
51.0
14.3
7.6
1.8
8.8
Employee
2929
22.6
38.5
15.5
8.1
0.9
14.2
Manual worker
1141
28.5
39.3
10.3
10.4
0.6
10.9
Not working
5105
20.7
38.6
14.5
7.6
1.0
17.6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
21.8
43.4
10.0
6.6
1.3
16.8
Other towns
4574
21.7
36.6
18.7
10.0
0.8
12.1
Rural zones
3094
21.7
41.3
11.3
6.4
1.1
18.2
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 4. Do the euro banknotes look the same in all countries
QUESTION: Q3. What do you think, which of the following statements is correct?
Total N
% - The euro
banknotes look
exactly the
same in all
countries that
use the euro
% The euro
banknotes
have partly
different
designs from
country to
country
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
45,7
33,6
20,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
60,7
27,5
11,8
Estonia
1015
56,5
24,5
18,9
Cyprus
1003
30,0
35,6
34,4
Latvia
1005
41,9
39,4
18,7
Lithuania
1026
40,4
37,7
21,9
Hungary
1016
42,5
39,3
18,2
Malta
1009
27,0
48,9
24,1
Poland
1011
44,5
30,3
25,2
Slovenia
1028
38,9
48,4
12,7
Slovakia
1003
40,5
48,4
11,0
SEX
Male
4819
42,5
40,4
17,1
Female
5301
48,7
27,5
23,8
AGE
15 - 24
1931
49,6
40,4
10,0
25 - 39
2930
48,7
34,9
16,3
40 - 54
2844
44,0
33,9
22,0
55 +
2360
41,1
26,4
32,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
31,9
23,9
44,2
16 - 20
4956
46,4
29,2
24,4
20 +
2745
49,2
36,7
14,1
Still in education
578
40,8
41,8
17,4
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
50,0
35,3
14,7
Employee
2929
49,9
38,1
12,0
Manual worker
1141
46,6
27,4
26,0
Not working
5105
42,5
32,1
25,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
19,2
2394
41,1
39,7
Other towns
4574
46,2
34,0
19,8
Rural zones
3094
48,7
28,6
22,7
Annex, page 65
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 5. Do the euro coins look the same in all countries
QUESTION: Q4. And what do you think, which of the following statements is correct?
page 66
Total N
% The euro
coins look
exactly the
same in all
countries that
use the euro
% The euro
coins have
partly different
designs from
country to
country
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
40,7
37,3
22,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
52,9
31,8
15,3
Estonia
1015
23,1
57,4
19,4
Cyprus
1003
24,4
40,6
34,9
Latvia
1005
33,2
43,8
23,0
Lithuania
1026
28,4
47,9
23,7
Hungary
1016
39,0
41,6
19,4
Malta
1009
18,5
56,0
25,5
Poland
1011
42,6
31,5
25,9
Slovenia
1028
22,3
66,6
11,2
Slovakia
1003
33,7
52,9
13,5
SEX
Male
4819
36,0
44,9
19,1
Female
5301
45,0
30,3
24,6
AGE
15 - 24
45,4
10,2
1931
44,4
25 - 39
2930
46,4
38,7
14,8
40 - 54
2844
37,3
38,2
24,5
55 +
2360
35,2
27,7
37,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
36,3
25,0
38,7
16 - 20
4956
41,3
32,3
26,4
20 +
2745
42,7
40,0
17,3
Still in education
578
38,0
47,7
14,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
40,2
43,2
16,6
Employee
2929
42,9
42,7
14,4
Manual worker
1141
45,9
30,9
23,2
Not working
5105
38,5
34,5
27,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
35,4
44,8
19,7
Other towns
4574
41,1
37,3
21,6
Rural zones
3094
44,2
31,8
23,9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 6. Familiarity with euro banknotes
QUESTION: Q.1a Have you already seen euro banknotes?
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
79,9
19,9
,2
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
83,2
16,8
Estonia
1015
77,0
22,8
,2
Cyprus
1003
82,6
17,3
,1
Latvia
1005
76,7
23,3
Lithuania
1026
74,3
25,7
Hungary
1016
70,9
29,1
Malta
1009
67,2
32,8
Poland
1011
82,0
17,6
Slovenia
1028
95,4
4,6
Slovakia
1003
76,4
23,5
,1
SEX
Male
4819
83,4
16,4
,3
Female
,4
5301
76,8
23,1
,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
88,0
11,7
,3
25 - 39
2930
81,6
18,0
,4
40 - 54
2844
82,4
17,6
55 +
2360
68,4
31,5
,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
51,8
48,2
,0
16 - 20
4956
77,0
22,6
,4
20 +
2745
87,1
12,9
,0
Still in education
578
91,1
8,7
,2
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
89,3
10,7
Employee
2929
88,3
11,3
Manual worker
1141
71,4
28,6
Not working
5105
75,3
24,5
,2
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
16,5
,1
,4
2394
83,3
Other towns
4574
83,6
16,2
,2
Rural zones
3094
71,9
27,9
,2
Annex, page 67
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 7. Familiarity with euro coins
QUESTION: Q1.b Have you already seen euro coins?
page 68
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
74,8
24,5
,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
78,1
18,6
3,3
Estonia
1015
72,5
27,2
,4
Cyprus
1003
79,3
20,5
,1
Latvia
1005
62,7
37,3
Lithuania
1026
61,2
38,4
,5
Hungary
,1
1016
70,4
29,6
Malta
1009
65,8
34,2
Poland
1011
77,0
22,6
Slovenia
1028
90,4
9,6
,4
Slovakia
1003
69,2
30,2
,6
SEX
Male
4819
80,1
19,2
,7
Female
29,4
,7
5301
69,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
89,3
10,3
,4
25 - 39
2930
75,1
24,2
,7
40 - 54
2844
76,7
22,2
1,1
55 +
2360
60,2
39,1
,6
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
37,6
62,3
,0
16 - 20
4956
70,5
28,3
1,2
20 +
2745
83,4
16,4
,2
Still in education
578
89,4
10,5
,2
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
88,3
11,7
Employee
2929
84,3
15,1
,6
Manual worker
1141
63,5
34,5
2,0
Not working
5105
69,4
30,0
,6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
79,9
19,9
,1
Other towns
4574
77,7
22,0
,4
Rural zones
3094
66,6
31,8
1,6
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 8. Usage of euro banknotes
QUESTION: Q2.a Have you already used euro banknotes?
NMS10
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
8088
56,2
43,6
,2
835
74,9
24,7
,4
Estonia
782
66,0
31,9
2,1
Cyprus
829
83,5
16,5
Latvia
771
54,6
45,4
Lithuania
762
47,8
52,2
,1
Hungary
720
58,8
40,6
,7
Malta
678
67,6
32,3
,1
,0
Poland
829
48,4
51,6
Slovenia
980
84,2
15,8
Slovakia
766
58,0
41,9
,1
SEX
Male
4018
60,4
39,4
,3
Female
,1
4070
52,2
47,7
AGE
15 - 24
1699
60,9
39,0
,1
25 - 39
2392
61,3
38,4
,3
40 - 54
2343
54,5
45,5
,0
55 +
1615
46,2
53,4
,3
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
358
29,8
69,8
,4
16 - 20
3815
49,7
50,1
,2
20 +
2389
66,7
33,3
Still in education
527
63,4
36,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
794
78,4
21,6
Employee
2587
67,5
32,5
,0
815
49,8
49,3
,9
Not working
3845
45,4
54,4
,2
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1995
69,6
30,2
,2
Other towns
3824
55,7
44,2
,0
Rural zones
2224
45,4
54,2
,4
Manual worker
,1
Annex, page 69
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 9. Usage of euro coins
QUESTION: Q2.b Have you already used euro coins?
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
7565
55,4
44,3
,2
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
784
74,4
24,6
1,0
Estonia
736
63,2
34,6
2,3
Cyprus
796
84,3
15,7
Latvia
631
50,6
49,4
Lithuania
628
46,8
53,2
Hungary
715
56,3
43,7
Malta
664
67,3
32,6
,1
,0
Poland
778
47,8
52,2
Slovenia
929
82,9
17,1
Slovakia
694
58,6
41,2
,3
SEX
Male
3859
58,0
41,6
,3
Female
3705
52,7
47,2
,1
AGE
15 - 24
1724
56,5
43,5
,1
25 - 39
2202
62,3
37,5
,2
40 - 54
2183
52,4
47,3
,3
1421
47,9
51,8
,3
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
260
38,9
60,4
,7
16 - 20
3495
50,1
49,6
,3
20 +
55 +
2288
63,1
36,7
,2
Still in education
517
62,5
37,4
,1
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
785
76,1
23,9
Employee
page 70
,1
2468
64,3
35,5
,2
Manual worker
724
48,9
49,7
1,3
Not working
3542
45,9
54,0
,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1913
67,5
32,0
,5
Other towns
3552
54,6
45,4
,0
Rural zones
2060
46,0
53,7
,3
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 10. Location where citizens already used euro banknotes
QUESTION: Q2bis You said you already used euro banknotes. Was it…?
Total N
% In (OUR
COUNTRY)
% In (OUR
COUNTRY)
and abroad
% Abroad
NMS10
4549
13,2
67,0
19,6
,2%
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
626
4,4
83,3
12,0
,3%
Estonia
516
8,3
76,8
14,8
,2%
Cyprus
692
,8
95,0
4,1
Latvia
421
25,3
55,4
19,0
,3%
Lithuania
364
26,5
60,5
12,8
,3%
Hungary
423
11,8
68,5
19,5
,2%
Malta
458
2,3
93,9
3,8
Poland
401
17,9
57,3
24,7
,1%
Slovenia
825
7,0
66,1
26,6
,2%
Slovakia
445
7,3
80,7
11,9
,1%
SEX
Male
2426
13,0
66,4
20,4
,1%
Female
2123
13,4
67,7
18,6
,2%
AGE
15 - 24
1035
17,6
68,5
13,9
25 - 39
1465
13,9
64,4
21,8
40 - 54
1277
11,3
65,5
23,0
,2%
55 +
747
9,3
72,8
17,1
,7%
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
% DK/NA
107
7,8
70,3
21,9
16 - 20
1895
16,8
61,1
21,8
,2%
20 +
1593
11,7
70,2
17,8
,2%
Still in education
334
11,1
65,8
23,0
,1%
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
623
4,6
62,9
32,1
,4%
Employee
1748
13,0
68,5
18,4
,0%
Manual worker
406
29,5
49,6
20,9
Not working
1745
12,7
70,8
16,2
,3%
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1389
10,6
64,2
25,1
,2%
Other towns
2130
15,1
69,1
15,7
,1%
1010
12,6
66,7
20,3
,4%
Rural zones
Annex, page 71
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 11. Location where citizens already used euro coins
QUESTION: Q2ter You said you already used euro coins. Was it…?
page 72
Total N
% In (OUR
COUNTRY)
% In (OUR
COUNTRY)
and abroad
% Abroad
NMS10
4193
9,3
70,7
19,3
,7%
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
583
4,3
82,3
13,0
,4%
Estonia
465
2,8
78,6
15,3
3,3%
Cyprus
671
,9
95,3
3,8
,1%
Latvia
319
12,6
69,8
15,6
2,0%
Lithuania
294
17,2
69,8
12,9
,2%
Hungary
403
8,5
71,5
19,0
1,0%
Malta
447
1,9
93,0
4,8
,4%
Poland
372
12,9
61,3
25,0
,7%
% DK/NA
Slovenia
770
5,3
73,5
21,0
,2%
Slovakia
407
4,0
86,8
9,0
,2%
SEX
Male
2240
9,1
69,2
20,9
,8%
Female
1953
9,6
72,4
17,4
,5%
AGE
15 - 24
973
15,9
70,8
12,4
,8%
25 - 39
1372
10,9
65,8
23,3
,0%
40 - 54
1143
4,0
70,6
24,4
1,0%
55 +
680
5,8
80,3
12,5
1,4%
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
101
5,9
73,9
16,6
3,6%
16 - 20
1752
13,7
66,1
19,4
,7%
20 +
1443
5,4
78,1
15,8
,7%
Still in education
323
10,8
55,5
33,0
,7%
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
598
4,6
67,0
28,0
,4%
Employee
1587
8,4
70,8
20,7
,2%
Manual worker
354
19,5
60,8
15,8
3,9%
Not working
1627
9,8
73,9
15,7
,6%
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1292
7,5
62,4
29,8
,3%
Other towns
1938
10,0
76,2
13,1
,6%
Rural zones
948
10,4
70,7
17,6
1,4%
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 12. Information about the euro
QUESTION: Q6 To what extent do you feel informed about the euro? Do you feel…:
Total N
% very
well
informed
% Rather
well
informed
% Not
very well
infromed
% Not at
all well
informed
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
5,1
32,2
42,6
17,8
2,2
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
5,8
41,9
35,9
14,3
2,1
Estonia
1015
3,1
32,9
50,0
13
1
Cyprus
1003
9,9
27,3
37,3
24,7
0,9
Latvia
1005
4,2
27,0
48,8
18,9
1,1
Lithuania
1026
5,4
36,7
47,3
8,7
1,9
Hungary
1016
2,7
31,3
45,7
20
0,3
Malta
1009
6,6
26,2
46,6
18,7
2
Poland
1011
4,8
27,3
44,3
20,6
2,9
Slovenia
1028
12,6
67,1
16,9
2,6
0,8
Slovakia
1003
8,1
37,1
40,1
12,3
2,5
SEX
Male
4819
7,0
37,6
38,5
14,5
2,4
Female
5301
3,4
27,4
46,3
20,9
2
AGE
15 - 24
50,7
8,9
1,2
1931
5,1
34,1
25 - 39
2930
4,5
34,6
42,5
17,9
0,5
40 - 54
2844
6,7
31,6
39,6
18,9
3,1
55 +
2360
4,1
28,5
39,9
23,7
3,7
45,4
1,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
2,5
20,3
30,4
16 - 20
4956
4,8
31,8
41,7
19,2
2,5
20 +
2745
6,9
36,1
41,2
13,6
2,2
Still in education
578
5,7
27,7
53,9
10,8
1,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
9,2
43,7
33,6
10
3,5
Employee
2929
5,9
37,9
40,0
15,2
0,9
Manual worker
1141
4,9
27,6
53,9
13
0,6
Not working
5105
4,0
28,1
43,2
21,8
2,9
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
5,8
33,0
42,8
17,1
1,3
Other towns
4574
4,8
36,2
40,3
16,6
2,1
Rural zones
3094
5,0
25,9
46,2
20,1
2,8
Annex, page 73
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 13. When to be informed about the introduction of euro
QUESTION: Q7. When would you like to be informed about the introduction of euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
Total N
% As
soon as
possible
% A few
years
before
% A few
month
before
% A few
weeks
before
% DK/NA
NMS10
6118
27,9
30,4
32,8
5,4
3,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
504
28,0
25,4
37,1
7,3
2,3
Estonia
639
30,9
29,6
29,1
7,2
3,2
Cyprus
621
60,8
10,9
19,7
4,5
4,1
Latvia
680
24,6
42,3
28,5
1,6
3
Lithuania
575
51,2
17,1
24,3
2,8
4,6
Hungary
668
24,5
33,4
29,5
8,7
3,8
Malta
658
51,4
14,7
23,0
4,5
6,5
Poland
657
25,0
32,7
34,7
4,4
3,2
Slovenia
201
41,8
6,4
39,5
10,1
2,1
Slovakia
525
38,1
23,0
27,7
6
5,2
SEX
Male
2554
26,4
35,6
28,0
6,5
3,4
Female
3564
29,0
26,8
36,3
4,6
3,4
AGE
15 - 24
30,1
37,1
6,2
2
1150
24,6
25 - 39
1770
33,0
33,2
28,9
3,3
1,5
40 - 54
1666
28,6
30,8
32,1
6,4
2,1
55 +
1502
23,9
27,4
34,9
6
7,8
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
524
21,4
20,0
36,1
15,2
7,2
16 - 20
3021
29,4
31,5
30,7
4,8
3,5
20 +
1505
28,9
41,4
24,6
2,3
2,7
374
13,1
15,7
60,3
7,3
3,6
Still in education
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
388
31,5
29,3
32,2
3,7
3,3
Employee
1618
28,2
34,0
32,7
3,4
1,6
Manual worker
763
33,1
32,3
26,6
5,8
2,2
Not working
3315
26,2
28,2
34,6
6,5
4,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1435
26,1
30,2
35,8
4,8
3,2
Other towns
2604
30,9
27,6
34,1
4,3
3,1
2052
25,3
34,5
29,3
7,2
3,6
Rural zones
page 74
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 14. Trusting information provided by the government, national or regional
authorities
QUESTION: Q8.a For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Government, national or regional authorities
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
50,9
41,8
7,3
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
65,1
31,0
3,9
Estonia
1015
70,8
23,4
5,8
Cyprus
1003
75,6
20,5
3,9
Latvia
1005
57,8
37,1
5,2
Lithuania
1026
40,3
50,7
9,0
Hungary
1016
66,4
24,9
8,7
Malta
1009
59,6
29,8
10,6
Poland
1011
40,6
51,4
8,0
Slovenia
1028
58,7
36,3
5,0
Slovakia
1003
58,8
33,1
8,1
SEX
Male
4819
47,7
46,2
6,1
Female
5301
53,8
37,8
8,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
56,1
33,8
10,1
25 - 39
2930
54,2
41,8
4,0
40 - 54
2844
46,0
46,3
7,7
55 +
2360
48,9
42,9
8,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
47,8
44,8
7,4
16 - 20
4956
50,5
41,7
7,8
20 +
2745
48,1
45,2
6,7
Still in education
578
58,4
30,9
10,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
50,7
41,7
7,7
Employee
2929
51,1
42,2
6,7
Manual worker
1141
53,2
41,1
5,7
Not working
5105
50,4
41,7
7,9
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
58,3
36,6
5,2
Other towns
4574
46,1
45,0
8,9
Rural zones
3094
52,5
41,1
6,4
Annex, page 75
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 15. Trusting information provided by public administration
QUESTION: Q8.b For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Public administration
page 76
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
50,2
39,3
10,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
60,1
33,0
6,9
Estonia
1015
43,6
40,3
16,1
Cyprus
1003
69,3
23,1
7,7
Latvia
1005
45,0
43,6
11,5
Lithuania
1026
37,4
41,3
21,2
Hungary
1016
61,8
27,7
10,4
Malta
1009
54,6
27,0
18,4
Poland
44,5
10,5
1011
45,0
Slovenia
1028
63,8
31,1
5,0
Slovakia
1003
49,4
39,1
11,4
SEX
Male
4819
48,3
42,7
9,0
Female
5301
51,9
36,2
11,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
62,6
25,4
12,0
25 - 39
2930
52,3
39,5
8,2
40 - 54
2844
44,4
45,6
10,0
55 +
12,0
2360
44,6
43,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
38,3
50,2
11,5
16 - 20
4956
48,7
39,9
11,4
20 +
2745
49,5
40,5
10,0
Still in education
578
66,5
25,8
7,7
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
48,4
38,9
12,6
Employee
9,6
2929
56,0
34,4
Manual worker
1141
48,6
41,6
9,8
Not working
5105
47,6
41,7
10,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
56,0
34,1
9,9
Other towns
4574
46,4
41,1
12,6
Rural zones
3094
51,3
41,1
7,6
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 16. Trusting information provided by the national central bank
QUESTION: Q8.c For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - National Central Bank
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
77,2
18,0
4,8
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
85,7
11,4
3,0
Estonia
1015
80,3
12,3
7,4
Cyprus
1003
84,7
10,9
4,3
Latvia
1005
78,4
16,8
4,8
Lithuania
1026
69,6
21,1
9,3
Hungary
1016
85,9
9,6
4,5
Malta
1009
84,8
7,7
7,5
Poland
1011
70,6
24,3
5,2
Slovenia
1028
88,7
8,5
2,8
Slovakia
1003
88,1
8,1
3,9
SEX
Male
4819
74,1
20,9
5,0
Female
5301
80,0
15,4
4,7
AGE
15 - 24
1931
84,4
11,4
4,2
25 - 39
2930
80,4
16,8
2,8
40 - 54
2844
72,9
20,9
6,2
55 +
2360
72,5
21,7
5,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
63,3
28,7
8,0
16 - 20
4956
76,1
19,1
4,8
20 +
2745
79,5
16,4
4,2
Still in education
578
75,9
17,8
6,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
81,6
14,2
4,1
Employee
12,2
5,3
2929
82,5
Manual worker
1141
80,5
14,6
4,9
Not working
5105
72,6
22,9
4,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
80,5
16,7
2,8
Other towns
4574
77,4
16,3
6,4
Rural zones
3094
74,7
21,7
3,6
Annex, page 77
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 17. Trusting information provided by European institutions
QUESTION: Q8.d For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - European Institutions
page 78
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
70,2
20,3
9,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
74,1
20,7
5,3
Estonia
1015
65,1
16,3
18,6
Cyprus
1003
72,2
17,8
10,0
Latvia
1005
61,7
27,0
11,3
Lithuania
1026
62,5
22,1
15,4
Hungary
1016
79,8
10,9
9,3
Malta
1009
69,5
16,0
14,5
Poland
1011
66,4
23,5
10,1
Slovenia
1028
77,8
16,0
6,2
Slovakia
1003
78,1
14,5
7,4
SEX
Male
4819
67,4
23,4
9,2
Female
5301
72,8
17,6
9,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
82,9
10,0
7,0
25 - 39
2930
77,2
17,0
5,8
40 - 54
2844
64,3
25,1
10,6
55 +
13,9
2360
58,6
27,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
48,4
39,4
12,2
16 - 20
4956
68,3
21,2
10,5
20 +
2745
73,4
18,7
7,9
Still in education
578
73,6
14,8
11,5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
71,7
19,9
8,4
Employee
2929
77,3
16,0
6,7
Manual worker
1141
72,7
16,5
10,8
Not working
5105
65,5
23,7
10,8
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
75,1
16,6
8,3
Other towns
4574
72,0
18,7
9,2
Rural zones
3094
64,0
25,7
10,3
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 18. Trusting information provided by commercial banks
QUESTION: Q8.e For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Commercial banks
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
52,2
38,9
8,9
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
73,7
23,2
3,1
Estonia
1015
47,6
34,3
18,2
Cyprus
1003
67,7
26,4
5,8
Latvia
1005
47,1
45,2
7,7
Lithuania
1026
37,3
48,4
14,3
Hungary
1016
64,0
28,0
8,0
Malta
1009
83,2
10,3
6,5
Poland
1011
41,0
48,6
10,4
Slovenia
1028
70,6
23,5
5,9
Slovakia
1003
69,8
23,3
7,0
SEX
Male
4819
53,0
39,4
7,6
Female
5301
51,5
38,5
10,0
AGE
15 - 24
1931
65,4
28,0
6,6
25 - 39
2930
57,9
36,4
5,6
40 - 54
2844
48,9
41,6
9,5
55 +
2360
38,6
48,0
13,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
36,9
47,5
15,6
16 - 20
4956
49,6
41,8
8,6
20 +
2745
54,3
37,0
8,7
Still in education
578
62,7
31,1
6,2
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
57,0
35,9
7,1
Employee
2929
62,3
30,9
6,8
Manual worker
1141
56,7
35,1
8,2
Not working
5105
44,6
45,0
10,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
36,4
8,8
2394
54,7
Other towns
4574
54,6
35,7
9,7
Rural zones
3094
46,7
46,0
7,3
Annex, page 79
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 19. Trusting information provided by journalists
QUESTION: Q8.f For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Journalists
page 80
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
42,7
48,9
8,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
36,0
58,7
5,3
Estonia
1015
33,0
52,9
14,1
Cyprus
1003
37,9
55,4
6,7
Latvia
1005
36,2
57,9
5,9
Lithuania
1026
44,6
44,0
11,4
Hungary
1016
19,6
73,3
7,1
Malta
1009
26,6
57,9
15,6
Poland
37,7
9,3
1011
53,0
Slovenia
1028
46,7
47,3
6,0
Slovakia
1003
31,0
60,5
8,5
SEX
Male
4819
44,1
48,0
8,0
Female
5301
41,4
49,8
8,8
AGE
15 - 24
1931
40,0
51,6
8,4
25 - 39
2930
47,9
45,9
6,2
40 - 54
2844
41,0
50,7
8,2
55 +
2360
40,7
48,6
10,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
36,6
53,2
10,2
16 - 20
4956
41,3
51,0
7,7
20 +
2745
45,1
46,5
8,3
Still in education
578
48,4
37,8
13,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
42,1
51,0
6,9
Employee
9,0
2929
45,7
45,3
Manual worker
1141
42,4
50,7
7,0
Not working
5105
41,4
50,1
8,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
6,7
2394
53,5
39,9
Other towns
4574
39,4
52,0
8,6
Rural zones
3094
39,4
51,5
9,0
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 20. Trusting information provided by trade unions, professional organisations,
etc
QUESTION: Q8.g For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Trade unions, professional organisations, etc
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
39,3
47,3
13,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
33,2
56,8
10,0
Estonia
1015
39,2
37,3
23,4
Cyprus
1003
45,5
45,7
8,8
Latvia
1005
37,9
47,8
14,3
Lithuania
1026
26,0
51,3
22,7
Hungary
1016
36,8
50,1
13,2
Malta
1009
40,5
43,3
16,2
Poland
1011
41,6
44,5
13,9
Slovenia
1028
56,5
36,8
6,7
Slovakia
1003
41,2
48,3
10,5
SEX
Male
4819
38,1
48,3
13,6
Female
5301
40,4
46,4
13,2
AGE
15 - 24
39,8
14,7
1931
45,5
25 - 39
2930
45,3
45,4
9,3
40 - 54
2844
37,5
50,2
12,2
55 +
2360
29,2
52,5
18,3
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
37,1
42,7
20,2
16 - 20
4956
40,3
46,6
13,1
20 +
2745
35,2
53,9
10,9
Still in education
578
40,6
34,6
24,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
31,0
54,4
14,7
Employee
2929
39,7
50,0
10,3
Manual worker
1141
44,2
45,1
10,7
Not working
5105
39,5
45,0
15,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
43,8
45,1
11,1
Other towns
4574
36,1
50,0
13,9
Rural zones
3094
40,7
45,3
14,0
Annex, page 81
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 21. Trusting information provided by consumer associations
QUESTION: q8.h For each of the following institutions or groups, please tell me if you would trust information they
provide on the changeover to the euro, or not? - Consumer associations
page 82
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
49,4
37,0
13,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
41,6
48,0
10,4
Estonia
1015
39,9
38,4
21,7
Cyprus
1003
68,1
24,0
7,9
Latvia
1005
25,0
53,9
21,1
Lithuania
1026
36,8
35,7
27,4
Hungary
1016
44,4
43,2
12,3
Malta
1009
66,3
20,8
12,8
Poland
1011
55,1
31,5
13,3
Slovenia
1028
78,8
16,0
5,2
Slovakia
1003
39,0
46,3
14,7
SEX
Male
4819
50,3
35,2
14,5
Female
5301
48,5
38,6
12,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
53,6
32,1
14,4
25 - 39
2930
60,0
33,3
6,7
40 - 54
2844
48,2
38,9
12,9
55 +
2360
34,6
43,3
22,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
36,4
40,7
22,8
16 - 20
4956
48,7
37,7
13,6
20 +
2745
51,2
37,7
11,1
Still in education
578
55,5
22,1
22,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
47,8
38,6
13,6
Employee
10,0
2929
54,0
35,9
Manual worker
1141
48,7
39,7
11,5
Not working
5105
47,3
36,7
16,0
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
56,3
32,9
10,8
Other towns
4574
46,5
39,7
13,7
Rural zones
3094
48,3
36,3
15,4
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 22. Receiving useful information in banks
QUESTION: Q9.a Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In banks
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
86,6
11,7
1,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
81,5
16,5
2,0
Estonia
1015
80,8
13,2
5,9
Cyprus
1003
83,2
14,8
2,0
Latvia
1005
87,2
10,1
2,7
Lithuania
1026
73,5
17,9
8,6
Hungary
1016
77,8
20,7
1,5
Malta
1009
92,0
6,8
1,3
Poland
1011
91,7
7,7
,6
Slovenia
1028
91,6
7,7
,7
Slovakia
1003
84,1
12,4
3,6
SEX
Male
4819
84,6
13,9
1,5
Female
5301
88,4
9,8
1,8
AGE
15 - 24
1931
91,9
6,9
1,1
25 - 39
2930
87,3
11,5
1,2
40 - 54
2844
86,8
12,0
1,2
55 +
2360
81,4
15,7
2,9
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
76,3
20,0
3,7
16 - 20
4956
87,7
10,8
1,6
20 +
2745
84,1
14,7
1,2
Still in education
578
90,4
5,0
4,7
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
87,8
10,6
1,6
Employee
2929
88,2
10,8
1,0
Manual worker
1141
83,7
14,1
2,1
Not working
5105
86,3
11,9
1,8
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
85,7
12,8
1,5
Other towns
4574
87,5
11,3
1,3
Rural zones
3094
86,4
11,4
2,2
Annex, page 83
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 23. Receiving useful information in supermarkets and shops
QUESTION: Q9.b Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In supermarkets
and shops
page 84
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
50,0
47,4
2,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
27,3
69,4
3,2
Estonia
1015
30,1
61,5
8,4
Cyprus
1003
39,9
57,0
3,1
Latvia
1005
47,5
47,9
4,6
Lithuania
1026
56,6
35,5
7,8
Hungary
1016
33,9
64,4
1,7
Malta
1009
71,8
26,7
1,5
Poland
1011
61,5
37,0
1,5
Slovenia
1028
52,2
46,5
1,3
Slovakia
1003
43,9
50,9
5,2
SEX
Male
4819
46,8
50,3
2,9
Female
5301
52,9
44,9
2,3
AGE
15 - 24
1931
46,8
49,7
3,5
25 - 39
2930
52,9
45,8
1,4
40 - 54
2844
50,7
46,9
2,3
55 +
2360
48,3
48,5
3,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
56,3
40,1
3,6
16 - 20
4956
54,2
43,6
2,3
20 +
2745
40,4
57,9
1,7
Still in education
578
58,5
37,1
4,4
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
40,7
56,7
2,6
Employee
2929
43,7
54,6
1,7
Manual worker
1141
57,5
39,0
3,5
Not working
5105
53,7
43,7
2,6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
46,3
2,4
2394
51,2
Other towns
4574
46,9
51,0
2,1
Rural zones
3094
53,8
43,4
2,9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 24. Receiving useful information in public places
QUESTION: Q9.c Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In public places
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
63,5
33,5
3,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
51,6
44,4
4,0
Estonia
1015
35,9
53,1
11,0
Cyprus
1003
58,8
38,4
2,9
Latvia
1005
56,2
39,0
4,8
Lithuania
1026
50,3
39,5
10,3
Hungary
1016
38,3
59,5
2,2
Malta
1009
82,1
15,4
2,4
Poland
1011
77,2
21,1
1,6
Slovenia
1028
62,6
35,5
1,9
Slovakia
1003
55,6
39,5
4,9
SEX
Male
4819
61,4
35,8
2,8
Female
5301
65,4
31,4
3,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
69,4
28,1
2,5
25 - 39
2930
68,3
29,8
1,9
40 - 54
2844
60,6
36,2
3,2
55 +
2360
56,8
39,2
4,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
59,9
35,5
4,6
16 - 20
4956
61,9
35,5
2,6
20 +
2745
61,5
35,8
2,7
Still in education
578
73,0
22,2
4,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
55,1
41,8
3,0
Employee
2929
65,1
33,5
1,5
Manual worker
1141
61,5
34,2
4,3
Not working
5105
64,7
32,0
3,3
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
35,6
2,1
2394
62,4
Other towns
4574
62,8
34,4
2,8
Rural zones
3094
65,7
30,9
3,4
Annex, page 85
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 25. Receiving useful information in schools and other places of education and
training
QUESTION: Q9.d Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In schools and
other places of education and training
page 86
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
72,8
23,9
3,3
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
56,8
38,5
4,7
Estonia
1015
50,3
35,5
14,2
Cyprus
1003
79,5
18,5
1,9
Latvia
1005
70,9
23,6
5,5
Lithuania
1026
51,5
36,5
12,1
Hungary
1016
52,7
43,9
3,4
Malta
1009
92,8
6,4
,7
Poland
1011
86,9
11,8
1,2
Slovenia
1028
69,6
27,3
3,1
Slovakia
1003
60,8
33,5
5,7
SEX
Male
4819
72,0
24,5
3,5
Female
5301
73,5
23,4
3,1
AGE
15 - 24
16,2
2,7
1931
81,1
25 - 39
2930
74,8
23,5
1,7
40 - 54
2844
70,5
26,0
3,5
55 +
2360
66,6
28,5
4,9
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
57,2
36,4
6,3
16 - 20
4956
72,4
24,2
3,3
20 +
2745
73,1
24,2
2,6
Still in education
578
72,5
21,9
5,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
67,6
29,3
3,1
Employee
2929
76,5
20,7
2,9
Manual worker
1141
62,4
31,4
6,2
Not working
5105
74,0
23,3
2,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
73,8
24,0
2,2
Other towns
4574
72,8
23,9
3,3
Rural zones
3094
72,6
23,9
3,5
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 26. Receiving useful information in the workplace
QUESTION: Q9.e Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In the workplace
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
59,9
36,0
4,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
36,0
58,6
5,3
Estonia
1015
43,8
43,4
12,9
Cyprus
1003
64,2
30,9
4,9
Latvia
1005
64,2
31,5
4,2
Lithuania
1026
56,7
35,1
8,2
Hungary
1016
40,1
56,0
3,9
Malta
1009
74,0
22,3
3,7
Poland
1011
73,0
24,3
2,7
Slovenia
1028
52,8
41,3
6,0
Slovakia
1003
55,9
37,6
6,5
SEX
Male
4819
56,1
39,1
4,7
Female
5301
63,3
33,2
3,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
65,3
32,8
1,9
25 - 39
2930
64,1
34,4
1,5
40 - 54
2844
59,7
36,3
3,9
55 +
2360
50,5
40,5
9,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
53,3
39,4
7,3
16 - 20
4956
61,4
34,1
4,5
20 +
2745
53,6
43,3
3,1
Still in education
578
71,1
23,1
5,7
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
47,7
48,4
3,9
Employee
2929
61,4
36,9
1,7
Manual worker
1141
63,8
32,2
3,9
Not working
5105
60,3
34,3
5,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
58,0
38,6
3,4
Other towns
4574
60,3
36,4
3,3
Rural zones
3094
61,1
33,5
5,4
Annex, page 87
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 27. Receiving useful information on the radio
QUESTION: Q9.f Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - On the
radio
page 88
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
81,3
17,1
1,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
71,8
25,9
2,4
Estonia
1015
76,3
17,3
6,4
Cyprus
1003
71,4
27,0
1,5
Latvia
1005
79,4
17,9
2,7
Lithuania
1026
71,9
20,9
7,2
Hungary
1016
70,1
28,2
1,7
Malta
1009
89,9
9,5
,6
Poland
1011
89,3
10,4
,3
Slovenia
1028
76,1
22,2
1,7
Slovakia
1003
75,5
20,8
3,7
SEX
Male
4819
79,2
19,1
1,7
Female
5301
83,2
15,3
1,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
80,4
18,2
1,3
25 - 39
2930
80,1
19,1
,9
40 - 54
2844
82,4
15,7
1,9
55 +
2360
82,6
15,5
1,9
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
78,5
19,3
2,2
16 - 20
4956
81,5
17,0
1,5
20 +
2745
82,2
16,7
1,1
Still in education
578
87,3
7,8
4,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
83,8
14,8
1,4
Employee
2929
81,4
17,5
1,2
Manual worker
1141
76,1
21,3
2,7
Not working
5105
82,3
16,3
1,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1,1
2394
80,3
18,6
Other towns
4574
82,2
16,6
1,1
Rural zones
3094
81,2
16,7
2,1
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 28. Receiving useful information on television
QUESTION: Q9.g Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - On television
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
91,5
7,4
1,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
83,8
14,7
1,4
Estonia
1015
84,2
11,3
4,5
Cyprus
1003
87,3
11,7
1,0
Latvia
1005
90,5
7,7
1,8
Lithuania
1026
86,9
7,4
5,7
Hungary
1016
87,2
11,4
1,5
Malta
1009
96,9
2,6
,5
Poland
1011
96,4
3,6
,1
Slovenia
1028
89,6
9,8
,6
Slovakia
1003
86,4
10,8
2,8
SEX
Male
4819
90,8
8,0
1,1
Female
5301
92,1
6,9
1,0
AGE
15 - 24
1931
94,8
4,2
1,0
25 - 39
2930
92,9
6,1
,9
40 - 54
2844
88,1
11,0
,9
55 +
2360
91,7
7,3
1,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
88,8
8,9
2,3
16 - 20
4956
92,0
7,3
,8
20 +
2745
90,8
8,5
,7
Still in education
578
91,3
4,0
4,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
88,2
10,7
1,1
Employee
2929
91,7
7,5
,8
Manual worker
1141
88,2
9,9
1,9
Not working
5105
92,9
6,2
,8
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
93,2
6,3
,5
Other towns
4574
91,4
7,7
,9
Rural zones
3094
90,8
8,0
1,3
Annex, page 89
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 29. Receiving useful information in newspapers, magazines
QUESTION: Q9.h Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In newspapers,
magazines
page 90
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
85,4
13,1
1,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
75,7
21,6
2,7
Estonia
1015
77,9
15,9
6,1
Cyprus
1003
76,5
21,1
2,4
Latvia
1005
87,9
10,0
2,1
Lithuania
1026
78,4
15,2
6,4
Hungary
1016
66,2
31,7
2,0
Malta
1009
92,7
6,5
,9
Poland
1011
94,7
5,0
,2
Slovenia
1028
83,6
15,3
1,1
Slovakia
1003
80,9
16,0
3,1
SEX
Male
4819
85,1
13,3
1,6
Female
5301
85,7
12,9
1,4
AGE
15 - 24
1931
87,6
11,1
1,3
25 - 39
2930
87,0
12,2
,9
40 - 54
2844
84,8
13,6
1,6
55 +
2360
82,7
15,3
2,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
78,8
18,9
2,3
16 - 20
4956
83,5
15,1
1,4
20 +
2745
88,9
9,9
1,2
Still in education
578
86,3
8,7
5,0
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
84,4
14,3
1,2
Employee
2929
88,6
10,2
1,2
Manual worker
1141
79,9
17,4
2,7
Not working
5105
85,2
13,5
1,3
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1,4
2394
87,2
11,4
Other towns
4574
86,3
12,4
1,2
Rural zones
3094
83,2
15,2
1,6
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 30. Receiving useful information in your letter box
QUESTION: Q9.i Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - In your letter box
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
61,6
36,1
2,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
44,1
53,8
2,1
Estonia
1015
48,0
44,1
7,9
Cyprus
1003
77,3
20,7
2,0
Latvia
1005
68,9
29,0
2,1
Lithuania
1026
66,7
25,9
7,4
Hungary
1016
64,5
33,5
2,0
Malta
1009
86,4
11,7
1,9
Poland
1011
63,6
34,6
1,8
Slovenia
1028
63,4
35,7
,9
Slovakia
1003
67,5
28,9
3,7
SEX
Male
4819
58,6
38,9
2,5
Female
5301
64,3
33,5
2,3
AGE
15 - 24
1931
64,8
32,9
2,3
25 - 39
2930
60,0
39,1
,9
40 - 54
2844
58,9
37,6
3,5
55 +
2360
64,6
33,0
2,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
72,7
24,4
2,9
16 - 20
4956
64,2
33,4
2,4
20 +
2745
53,5
45,2
1,3
Still in education
578
57,2
38,4
4,4
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
51,6
45,8
2,6
Employee
2929
58,4
40,6
1,1
Manual worker
1141
67,3
28,7
3,9
Not working
5105
64,0
33,5
2,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
35,2
3,6
2394
61,2
Other towns
4574
62,0
36,3
1,7
Rural zones
3094
61,7
36,3
1,9
Annex, page 91
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 31. Receiving useful information on the Internet
QUESTION: Q9.j Where would you like to receive useful information on the euro and the changeover? - On the Internet
page 92
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
78,0
18,0
4,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
69,3
27,5
3,2
Estonia
1015
67,3
22,0
10,7
Cyprus
1003
64,6
30,5
4,9
Latvia
1005
76,4
18,0
5,7
Lithuania
1026
60,5
27,0
12,4
Hungary
1016
57,1
38,8
4,1
Malta
1009
86,5
9,2
4,4
Poland
1011
89,5
7,7
2,8
Slovenia
1028
75,4
21,7
2,9
Slovakia
1003
70,2
23,7
6,1
SEX
Male
4819
80,0
16,0
4,0
Female
5301
76,2
19,8
4,0
AGE
15 - 24
1931
91,5
7,4
1,0
25 - 39
2930
85,1
13,1
1,8
40 - 54
2844
78,2
19,4
2,4
55 +
2360
58,5
31,0
10,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
49,3
41,0
9,7
16 - 20
4956
72,6
22,5
4,9
20 +
2745
87,4
10,8
1,8
Still in education
578
89,7
5,7
4,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
85,3
11,9
2,7
Employee
2929
89,1
9,3
1,5
Manual worker
1141
70,4
24,2
5,4
Not working
5105
72,2
22,6
5,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
14,6
2,9
2394
82,4
Other towns
4574
81,3
15,9
2,8
Rural zones
3094
70,1
23,7
6,2
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 32. Essential in information campaign: the way how the euro will be introduced
QUESTION: Q10.a In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - The way how the euro will be introduced in (OUR COUNTRY)
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
90,0
7,3
2,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
2,7
1004
88,7
8,7
Estonia
1015
86,9
8,0
5,1
Cyprus
1003
89,2
6,4
4,3
Latvia
1005
86,2
10,5
3,3
Lithuania
1026
89,1
7,3
3,6
Hungary
1016
85,9
10,4
3,7
Malta
1009
88,4
5,1
6,5
Poland
1011
92,2
5,9
1,9
Slovenia
1028
89,1
6,9
4,0
Slovakia
1003
88,2
7,4
4,4
SEX
Male
4819
88,5
9,0
2,5
Female
5301
91,4
5,7
2,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
89,3
8,8
1,9
25 - 39
2930
92,6
6,2
1,3
40 - 54
2844
90,5
6,7
2,8
55 +
2360
87,3
8,2
4,6
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
85,2
9,0
5,8
16 - 20
4956
91,0
6,6
2,3
20 +
2745
89,9
7,6
2,5
Still in education
578
87,4
8,1
4,5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
89,3
7,1
3,6
Employee
2929
92,8
6,3
,9
Manual worker
1141
92,4
5,0
2,6
Not working
5105
88,2
8,4
3,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
91,2
7,5
1,4
Other towns
4574
89,8
7,4
2,8
Rural zones
3094
90,0
6,8
3,2
Annex, page 93
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 33. Essential in information campaign: the value of one euro in national
currency
QUESTION: Q10.b In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - The value of one euro in (COUNTRY CURRENCY)
page 94
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
92,8
5,2
2,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
89,5
8,9
1,6
Estonia
1015
86,1
10,9
3,0
Cyprus
1003
94,9
3,2
1,9
Latvia
1005
94,3
4,3
1,3
Lithuania
1026
89,2
8,1
2,7
Hungary
1016
92,0
6,5
1,5
Malta
1009
91,8
3,7
4,5
Poland
1011
95,0
3,0
2,0
Slovenia
1028
93,7
5,5
,8
Slovakia
1003
87,6
8,9
3,5
SEX
Male
4819
91,6
6,5
1,8
Female
5301
93,8
4,1
2,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
92,0
6,6
1,3
25 - 39
2930
93,6
4,9
1,5
40 - 54
2844
92,3
5,6
2,1
55 +
2360
93,6
4,0
2,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
90,2
5,9
3,9
16 - 20
4956
93,5
5,1
1,5
20 +
2745
93,5
4,6
2,0
Still in education
578
87,0
7,2
5,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
89,1
7,8
3,0
Employee
2929
93,6
5,5
1,0
Manual worker
1141
91,7
6,2
2,1
Not working
5105
93,5
4,5
2,0
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
5,8
1,5
2394
92,6
Other towns
4574
93,6
4,5
1,9
Rural zones
3094
92,1
6,0
1,9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 34. Essential in information campaign: what notes and coins in euros look like
QUESTION: Q10.c In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - What notes and coins in euros look like
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
82,3
16,2
1,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1,2
1004
72,6
26,2
Estonia
1015
68,2
25,5
6,3
Cyprus
1003
78,7
18,5
2,8
Latvia
1005
79,8
18,3
1,9
Lithuania
1026
66,6
31,4
2,0
Hungary
1016
80,7
17,7
1,6
Malta
1009
70,9
24,6
4,5
Poland
1011
89,8
9,2
1,0
Slovenia
1028
72,6
25,5
1,8
Slovakia
1003
70,3
26,1
3,5
SEX
Male
4819
78,9
19,9
1,2
Female
5301
85,4
12,9
1,8
AGE
15 - 24
1931
76,9
22,5
,6
25 - 39
2930
86,4
12,7
,8
40 - 54
2844
80,5
17,6
1,9
55 +
2360
84,1
13,8
2,2
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
84,3
11,3
4,3
16 - 20
4956
84,5
14,5
1,0
20 +
2745
81,0
17,2
1,8
Still in education
578
80,4
16,2
3,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
78,3
19,9
1,8
Employee
2929
83,9
15,3
,9
Manual worker
1141
82,6
16,0
1,4
Not working
5105
82,4
16,0
1,6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
84,2
14,9
1,0
Other towns
4574
81,0
17,6
1,4
Rural zones
3094
83,4
15,1
1,5
Annex, page 95
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 35. Essential in information campaign: how to avoid being cheated in euro
currency conversions
QUESTION: Q10.d In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - How to avoid being cheated in euro currency conversions
page 96
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
92,1
5,3
2,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
87,3
9,5
3,2
Estonia
1015
88,0
6,8
5,2
Cyprus
1003
93,6
3,5
2,9
Latvia
1005
92,4
5,2
2,4
Lithuania
1026
89,6
7,3
3,1
Hungary
1016
89,9
6,7
3,4
Malta
1009
92,7
2,4
4,9
Poland
1011
94,7
3,4
1,9
Slovenia
1028
93,8
3,1
3,1
Slovakia
1003
88,1
7,8
4,1
SEX
Male
4819
90,5
7,0
2,5
Female
5301
93,5
3,8
2,7
AGE
15 - 24
1931
91,5
5,2
3,2
25 - 39
2930
94,7
3,7
1,6
40 - 54
2844
91,4
7,0
1,6
55 +
2360
90,7
5,2
4,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
91,3
3,3
5,4
16 - 20
4956
92,9
4,5
2,6
20 +
2745
91,5
6,8
1,7
Still in education
578
88,0
7,1
4,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
88,5
8,8
2,7
Employee
2929
94,0
4,6
1,4
Manual worker
1141
88,6
6,1
5,2
Not working
5105
92,7
4,9
2,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
93,0
5,1
1,9
Other towns
4574
92,0
6,0
2,0
Rural zones
3094
92,0
4,5
3,5
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 36. Essential in information campaign: the practical implications of the euro
regarding your salary, your bank account
QUESTION: Q10.e In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - The practical implications of the euro regarding your salary, your bank account)
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
87,6
9,3
3,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
86,2
11,2
2,5
Estonia
1015
88,2
5,8
5,9
Cyprus
1003
92,2
4,6
3,2
Latvia
1005
88,4
8,8
2,8
Lithuania
1026
83,9
10,8
5,3
Hungary
1016
85,5
11,2
3,3
Malta
1009
87,5
5,5
7,0
Poland
8,0
2,7
1011
89,3
Slovenia
1028
88,8
9,0
2,2
Slovakia
1003
83,4
11,9
4,7
SEX
Male
4819
87,9
9,5
2,6
Female
5301
87,4
9,1
3,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
84,7
12,6
2,7
25 - 39
2930
91,9
5,9
2,2
40 - 54
2844
89,4
8,5
2,1
55 +
2360
83,1
11,8
5,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
75,1
19,4
5,5
16 - 20
4956
89,2
8,3
2,4
20 +
2745
89,9
7,2
2,8
Still in education
578
81,0
13,4
5,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
88,9
8,3
2,9
Employee
2929
93,4
5,7
,9
Manual worker
1141
87,8
10,4
1,8
Not working
5105
84,3
11,3
4,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
9,0
3,1
2394
87,9
Other towns
4574
89,6
7,9
2,5
Rural zones
3094
85,3
11,2
3,5
Annex, page 97
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 37. Essential in information campaign: the social, economic or political
implications of the euro
QUESTION: Q10.f In your view, which of the following issues about the euro are essential to be covered in priority by the
information campaign? - The social, economic or political implications of the euro
page 98
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
86,1
10,3
3,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
87,5
10,0
2,5
Estonia
1015
75,9
14,3
9,8
Cyprus
1003
91,3
5,0
3,7
Latvia
1005
84,4
11,6
4,0
Lithuania
1026
80,6
12,8
6,6
Hungary
1016
82,1
11,6
6,3
Malta
1009
79,0
8,6
12,4
Poland
1011
88,2
9,5
2,3
Slovenia
1028
87,9
8,5
3,6
Slovakia
1003
81,7
12,2
6,1
SEX
Male
4819
85,2
11,3
3,5
Female
5301
87,0
9,3
3,7
AGE
15 - 24
13,5
3,2
1931
83,3
25 - 39
2930
90,3
7,1
2,6
40 - 54
2844
88,1
9,2
2,6
55 +
5,7
2360
81,5
12,8
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
72,6
18,7
8,7
16 - 20
4956
87,1
9,7
3,2
20 +
2745
89,4
8,2
2,4
Still in education
578
76,7
16,1
7,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
88,7
8,0
3,3
Employee
2929
89,9
8,3
1,7
Manual worker
1141
82,6
12,1
5,3
Not working
5105
84,4
11,4
4,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
89,8
7,5
2,7
Other towns
4574
88,3
8,8
2,9
Rural zones
3094
80,5
14,6
4,9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 38. Information campaign actions - Dual display of prices in shops
QUESTION: Q11.a Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Dual display of prices in shops
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
85,6
13,3
1,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
82,9
16,2
,9
Estonia
1015
88,4
8,3
3,3
Cyprus
1003
92,0
7,4
,6
Latvia
1005
93,9
5,8
,3
Lithuania
1026
87,1
11,0
1,9
Hungary
1016
91,8
7,6
,6
Malta
1009
97,4
2,0
,6
Poland
1011
83,4
15,8
,8
Slovenia
1028
94,6
5,2
,2
Slovakia
1003
84,0
12,4
3,6
SEX
Male
4819
85,4
13,4
1,2
Female
5301
85,8
13,2
1,0
AGE
15 - 24
1931
78,3
20,3
1,4
25 - 39
2930
88,2
11,2
,6
40 - 54
2844
87,8
11,9
,3
55 +
2360
86,2
12,1
1,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
84,4
13,5
2,1
16 - 20
4956
86,6
12,7
,7
20 +
2745
86,7
12,8
,5
Still in education
578
79,2
16,8
4,0
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
83,7
15,7
,6
Employee
2929
88,2
11,6
,2
Manual worker
1141
85,5
12,9
1,6
Not working
5105
84,8
14,0
1,2
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
84,4
15,1
,5
Other towns
4574
88,0
10,9
1,0
Rural zones
3094
83,2
15,7
1,1
Annex, page 99
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 39. Information campaign actions - Dual display of the amount on bills
(electricity, gas, …)
QUESTION: Q11.b Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Dual display of the amount on bills (electricity, gas,
…)
page 100
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
75,8
22,6
1,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
73,3
25,0
1,7
Estonia
1015
80,0
15,1
4,9
Cyprus
1003
90,5
8,9
,6
Latvia
1005
81,9
16,7
1,4
Lithuania
1026
77,0
19,8
3,2
Hungary
1016
82,7
16,9
,3
Malta
1009
92,2
6,5
1,2
Poland
1,4
1011
72,6
26,0
Slovenia
1028
87,6
12,0
,4
Slovakia
1003
78,1
18,5
3,4
SEX
Male
4819
74,9
23,9
1,1
Female
5301
76,6
21,5
1,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
71,6
25,4
3,0
25 - 39
2930
76,7
22,4
,8
40 - 54
2844
79,2
20,0
,8
55 +
24,0
1,7
2360
74,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
81,0
17,6
1,3
16 - 20
4956
77,1
21,9
1,0
20 +
2745
73,8
25,5
,7
Still in education
578
67,5
21,1
11,4
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
73,9
25,2
,9
Employee
23,6
,7
2929
75,8
Manual worker
1141
78,4
19,7
1,9
Not working
5105
75,9
22,3
1,8
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1,0
2394
76,5
22,4
Other towns
4574
76,8
22,5
,7
Rural zones
3094
74,3
23,1
2,6
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 40. Information campaign actions - Dual display on your pay slip
QUESTION: Q11.c Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Dual display on your pay slip
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
70,8
27,2
2,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
63,8
33,0
3,2
Estonia
1015
77,8
17,0
5,2
Cyprus
1003
86,6
11,1
2,2
Latvia
1005
78,3
20,1
1,5
Lithuania
1026
72,9
24,0
3,1
Hungary
1016
79,2
19,3
1,6
Malta
1009
89,7
8,5
1,8
Poland
1011
67,9
30,8
1,3
Slovenia
1028
88,4
10,9
,7
Slovakia
1003
72,4
23,2
4,4
SEX
Male
4819
69,4
29,1
1,5
Female
5301
72,1
25,5
2,4
AGE
15 - 24
1931
71,0
25,6
3,4
25 - 39
2930
73,3
25,9
,8
40 - 54
2844
69,9
29,0
1,1
55 +
2360
69,3
28,0
2,8
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
76,0
22,3
1,7
16 - 20
4956
71,1
27,4
1,5
20 +
2745
67,8
31,2
1,0
Still in education
578
68,3
20,0
11,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
63,4
35,0
1,6
Employee
2929
70,4
29,1
,5
Manual worker
1141
75,8
22,3
1,9
Not working
5105
71,5
25,9
2,6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
72,8
26,1
1,1
Other towns
4574
70,9
27,5
1,6
Rural zones
3094
69,5
28,0
2,5
Annex, page 101
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 41. Information campaign actions - Leaflets / Brochures
QUESTION: Q11.d Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Leaflets / Brochures
page 102
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
62,3
34,8
2,9
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
50,3
47,8
2,0
Estonia
1015
53,9
38,0
8,2
Cyprus
1003
84,0
14,2
1,7
Latvia
1005
54,4
42,0
3,6
Lithuania
1026
57,2
36,2
6,6
Hungary
1016
40,9
55,3
3,8
Malta
1009
91,5
7,6
,9
Poland
1011
72,4
25,5
2,1
Slovenia
1028
64,0
35,4
,6
Slovakia
1003
58,2
36,8
5,0
SEX
Male
4819
60,7
36,3
3,0
Female
2,7
5301
63,8
33,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
60,0
39,0
1,0
25 - 39
2930
61,1
35,7
3,2
40 - 54
2844
63,4
34,0
2,6
55 +
2360
64,8
31,6
3,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
61,2
34,8
4,0
16 - 20
4956
63,4
33,5
3,1
20 +
2745
58,8
39,0
2,2
Still in education
578
75,7
19,8
4,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
62,2
36,2
1,6
Employee
2929
61,8
36,8
1,4
Manual worker
1141
62,9
33,0
4,1
Not working
5105
62,9
33,8
3,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
1,7
2394
65,0
33,2
Other towns
4574
59,8
37,9
2,3
Rural zones
3094
64,5
31,5
4,0
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 42. Information campaign actions - TV advertisements
QUESTION: Q11.e Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - TV advertisements
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
70,6
27,6
1,8
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
44,8
2,0
1004
53,3
Estonia
1015
52,9
39,1
8,1
Cyprus
1003
78,4
19,9
1,7
Latvia
1005
73,6
25,1
1,2
Lithuania
1026
71,2
24,1
4,6
Hungary
1016
62,4
36,4
1,2
Malta
1009
93,7
6,0
,3
Poland
1011
78,9
19,8
1,3
Slovenia
1028
68,8
30,4
,8
Slovakia
1003
60,9
35,0
4,2
SEX
Male
4819
69,1
29,3
1,6
Female
26,0
2,1
5301
71,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
67,6
31,5
,9
25 - 39
2930
71,5
26,9
1,6
40 - 54
2844
69,4
28,5
2,1
55 +
2360
73,8
24,1
2,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
77,3
20,3
2,4
16 - 20
4956
70,4
28,2
1,4
20 +
2745
67,9
29,9
2,1
Still in education
578
81,2
13,4
5,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
66,1
32,3
1,6
Employee
2929
66,3
32,3
1,4
Manual worker
1141
73,0
24,6
2,4
Not working
5105
73,7
24,6
1,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
75,5
23,5
1,0
Other towns
4574
67,7
30,1
2,2
Rural zones
3094
71,3
27,3
1,4
Annex, page 103
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 43. Information campaign actions - Radio advertisements
QUESTION: Q11.f Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Radio advertisements
page 104
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
64,2
34,0
1,8
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
46,4
51,8
1,8
Estonia
1015
49,7
42,4
8,0
Cyprus
1003
74,8
23,1
2,1
Latvia
1005
67,0
31,8
1,2
Lithuania
1026
64,2
30,7
5,1
Hungary
1016
53,0
45,7
1,3
Malta
1009
91,6
8,2
,2
Poland
1011
73,4
25,5
1,1
Slovenia
1028
60,8
38,4
,8
Slovakia
1003
55,1
40,5
4,3
SEX
Male
4819
61,5
37,0
1,5
Female
5301
66,6
31,3
2,0
AGE
15 - 24
1931
59,7
39,4
,9
25 - 39
2930
62,8
36,2
1,0
40 - 54
2844
65,9
32,1
2,0
55 +
2360
67,9
29,4
2,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
70,9
26,6
2,5
16 - 20
4956
64,0
34,6
1,4
20 +
2745
62,6
35,3
2,1
Still in education
578
76,6
19,3
4,1
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
62,9
35,7
1,4
Employee
2929
60,0
39,2
,8
Manual worker
1141
65,3
32,4
2,3
Not working
5105
67,0
30,9
2,0
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
68,9
30,1
1,0
Other towns
4574
62,5
35,5
2,0
Rural zones
3094
63,6
35,0
1,4
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 44. Information campaign actions - Newspaper advertisements
QUESTION: Q11.g Here is a list of various information campaign actions. Could you tell me for each of them whether you
would find it essential or not essential to prepare yourself for the euro? - Newspaper advertisements
Total N
% Essential
% Not
Essential
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
71,9
26,3
1,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
59,1
39,2
1,7
Estonia
1015
57,1
33,8
9,1
Cyprus
1003
80,2
18,0
1,7
Latvia
1005
80,0
19,2
,8
Lithuania
1026
72,6
22,6
4,8
Hungary
1016
57,3
41,0
1,7
Malta
1009
94,3
5,0
,7
Poland
1011
80,0
19,0
1,0
Slovenia
1028
75,1
24,1
,8
Slovakia
1003
63,2
32,8
4,0
SEX
Male
4819
70,2
28,5
1,3
Female
2,1
5301
73,5
24,3
AGE
15 - 24
1931
70,5
28,8
,7
25 - 39
2930
70,5
28,5
1,0
40 - 54
2844
72,1
25,7
2,2
55 +
2360
74,9
22,6
2,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
75,2
22,3
2,5
16 - 20
4956
72,3
26,5
1,2
20 +
2745
68,9
28,8
2,3
Still in education
578
80,5
15,4
4,2
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
71,4
26,7
1,9
Employee
2929
67,7
31,6
,7
Manual worker
1141
71,0
26,5
2,5
Not working
5105
75,1
23,0
1,9
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
75,8
22,9
1,3
Other towns
4574
70,1
28,3
1,6
Rural zones
3094
72,3
26,0
1,7
Annex, page 105
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 45. Positive or negative consequences of the introduction of the euro
QUESTION: Q12. Do you think the introduction of the euro would have positive or negative consequences for (OUR
COUNTRY)…?
Total N
% Very
positive
consequen
ces
% Rather
positive
consequen
ces
% Rather
negative
consequen
ces
% Very
negative
consequen
ces
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
7,5
44,0
25,7
7,4
15,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
10,9
34,5
30,7
10,5
13,4
Estonia
1015
4,3
41,6
34,2
7,3
12,5
Cyprus
1003
5,7
29,1
34,9
17,6
12,6
Latvia
1005
2,6
34,5
42,2
8,5
12,2
Lithuania
11,1
13
1026
6,3
33,2
36,3
Hungary
1016
6,6
46,9
22,5
4,5
19,5
Malta
1009
4,6
28,1
31,9
12,5
23
Poland
1011
7,3
47,7
22,2
7
15,8
Slovenia
1028
8,3
50,1
28,1
4,3
9,2
Slovakia
1003
7,8
43,5
28,2
6,2
14,2
SEX
Male
4819
9,2
45,9
22,6
7,4
15
Female
5301
6,0
42,3
28,6
7,4
15,7
AGE
15 - 24
1931
9,7
51,4
23,1
3,3
12,5
25 - 39
45,4
25,6
5,4
14,5
2930
9,1
40 - 54
2844
5,8
42,4
27,0
10,2
14,6
55 +
2360
5,9
38,8
26,3
9,9
19,1
692
1,7
35,7
29,8
8,2
24,7
4956
6,3
39,4
27,2
8,8
18,3
2745
9,8
47,6
25,5
6,5
10,5
578
4,6
59,5
15,2
3,6
17,2
EDUCATION
until 15 years of
age
16 - 20
20 +
Still in
education
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
7,6
42,9
25,6
9,5
14,4
Employee
2929
11,0
44,9
26,3
7,5
10,2
Manual worker
1141
8,4
51,3
25,2
5,8
9,3
Not working
LOCALITY
TYPE
Metropolitan
area
Other towns
5105
5,2
42,3
25,6
7,3
19,5
2394
10,2
45,5
25,5
6,4
12,3
4574
6,6
45,6
24,2
8,5
15,1
3094
6,9
40,8
28,4
6,3
17,7
Rural zones
page 106
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 46. Positive or negative side of the euro introducuction
QUESTION: Q13. And for you personally, do you think that it would be positive or negative if the euro would be
introduced?
Total N
% Very
positive
% Rather
positive
% Rather
negative
% Very
negative
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
7,1
39,2
26,2
10,4
17,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
11,3
30,5
33,9
12,5
11,9
Estonia
1015
6,1
32,6
37,5
10,1
13,7
Cyprus
1003
9,0
31,0
31,4
17,6
11
Latvia
1005
4,0
35,1
38,4
12,1
10,4
Lithuania
1026
7,1
33,2
32,4
10,9
16,5
Hungary
1016
6,9
42,7
22,9
5,8
21,5
Malta
1009
10,9
33,9
22,4
12,7
20,2
Poland
18,8
1011
6,2
41,3
22,4
11,4
Slovenia
1028
5,8
47,7
30,9
4,5
11
Slovakia
1003
7,5
40,2
29,9
9
13,5
SEX
Male
4819
8,7
44,4
21,8
9,2
15,9
Female
30,1
11,6
18,1
5301
5,6
34,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
12,1
49,6
20,2
4,4
13,7
25 - 39
2930
8,3
41,8
24,0
9,6
16,2
40 - 54
2844
5,1
37,9
30,7
10,9
15,3
55 +
2360
3,9
29,6
28,2
15,9
22,4
692
3,1
21,1
39,3
11,5
25
4956
5,8
36,4
27,9
11
19
2745
8,4
40,8
24,3
12,6
14
578
6,4
49,3
15,7
2,8
25,8
13,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of
age
16 - 20
20 +
Still in
education
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
9,2
43,4
24,6
9
Employee
2929
10,4
41,2
24,0
11,4
13
Manual worker
1141
6,9
41,7
30,6
9,2
11,7
Not working
LOCALITY
TYPE
Metropolitan
area
Other towns
5105
4,7
37,0
26,8
10,5
21
2394
8,5
38,9
23,4
9,3
19,9
Rural zones
4574
6,7
41,4
23,9
12,8
15,2
3094
6,6
36,5
31,9
7,7
17,3
Annex, page 107
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 47. Acquaintances in favour or against the idea of introducing the euro
QUESTION: Q14. Generally speaking, are most people you personally know more in favour or against the idea of
introducing the euro in (OUR COUNTRY)?
Total N
% Very
much in
favour of its
introduction
% Rather in
favour of its
introduction
% Rather
against its
introduction
% Very
much
against its
introduction
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
8,2
34,5
29,5
9,2
18,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
8,4
18,4
1004
7,4
29,9
35,8
Estonia
1015
3,5
32,9
40,4
12,5
10,7
Cyprus
1003
4,2
23,3
35,4
18,3
18,8
Latvia
1005
2,1
26,3
43,3
10,1
18,2
Lithuania
1026
4,8
28,1
40,5
14,3
12,3
Hungary
1016
7,7
45,8
18,4
3,3
24,7
Malta
1009
6,3
25,4
26,1
13,9
28,3
Poland
1011
9,7
32,9
27,9
11,1
18,4
Slovenia
1028
7,0
56,7
22,1
2,4
11,9
Slovakia
1003
7,5
34,5
36,4
5,7
15,8
SEX
Male
4819
8,9
38,4
27,6
6,6
18,5
Female
5301
7,6
30,9
31,3
11,6
18,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
12,6
44,6
27,9
4,5
10,5
25 - 39
2930
9,6
31,6
28,2
10,4
20,1
40 - 54
2844
5,7
35,0
31,5
9,4
18,3
55 +
2360
6,0
29,5
30,1
11,4
23
692
3,3
21,0
34,3
16,6
24,8
4956
6,4
33,6
31,2
9,6
19,2
2745
11,3
32,3
26,8
9,2
20,4
578
12,0
51,3
20,4
3
13,3
EDUCATION
until 15 years of
age
16 - 20
20 +
Still in
education
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
7,5
38,5
28,9
4,8
20,4
Employee
2929
10,2
33,4
28,0
8,2
20,2
Manual worker
1141
8,3
34,3
27,9
14,7
14,8
Not working
LOCALITY
TYPE
Metropolitan
area
Other towns
5105
7,2
34,6
31,0
9,3
17,9
2394
7,9
39,5
25,6
10,2
16,7
4574
8,5
34,9
27,7
8,6
20,2
3094
8,1
30,2
35,6
9,2
16,9
Rural zones
page 108
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 48. Feelings on replacing national currency with euro
QUESTION: Q15. Are you personally happy or not that the euro could replace the (NATIONAL CURRENCY)?
Total N
% Very
happy
% Rather
happy
% Rather
unhappy
% Very
unhappy
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
8,6
39,3
28,9
13,1
10,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
10,2
29,2
34,2
18,2
8,2
Estonia
1015
4,1
26,7
37,8
22
9,4
Cyprus
1003
8,0
30,8
30,2
21,8
9,2
Latvia
1005
2,4
25,3
40,4
23,9
7,9
Lithuania
1026
6,0
27,3
33,5
22,8
10,4
Hungary
1016
6,6
49,3
25,5
9,1
9,5
Malta
1009
11,5
30,8
21,1
19,6
17,1
Poland
1011
9,0
40,7
27,3
11,9
11,1
Slovenia
1028
13,2
51,0
25,1
4,7
6
Slovakia
1003
9,6
44,2
27,8
7,9
10,4
SEX
Male
4819
10,1
43,6
28,6
9,7
8
Female
5301
7,2
35,4
29,1
16,2
12
AGE
15 - 24
1931
14,0
50,4
22,7
5,5
7,4
25 - 39
2930
10,1
40,0
28,6
13,5
7,8
40 - 54
2844
5,5
39,7
30,5
15,1
9,2
55 +
2360
6,2
29,3
32,3
16,6
15,6
692
1,4
19,1
37,6
25,6
16,3
4956
7,9
37,0
31,1
13,4
10,6
2745
10,5
40,2
28,7
13,4
7,3
578
5,4
59,6
13,3
6
15,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of
age
16 - 20
20 +
Still in
education
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
9,4
44,6
23,3
13,1
9,6
Employee
2929
11,6
38,3
29,8
11,2
9,1
Manual worker
1141
9,5
39,9
26,1
18,5
6,1
Not working
LOCALITY
TYPE
Metropolitan
area
Other towns
5105
6,5
39,1
29,9
13,1
11,4
2394
9,6
41,6
25,4
15,2
8,1
4574
9,6
41,5
27,4
11,3
10,2
3094
6,4
34,8
33,7
14,1
11,1
Rural zones
Annex, page 109
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 49. Suitable timing for euro to become the national currency?
QUESTION: Q16. When would you like the euro to become your currency?
page 110
Total N
% As soon
as possible
% After a
certain
time
% As late
as possible
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
21,4
38,9
34,3
5,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
14,9
40,0
39,9
5,2
Estonia
1015
16,7
33,7
42,8
6,8
Cyprus
1003
17,8
33,8
43,0
5,4
Latvia
1005
13,2
34,6
48,1
4,2
Lithuania
1026
21,4
33,0
35,8
9,8
Hungary
1016
36,0
32,5
27,1
4,4
Malta
1009
17,6
36,8
33,7
11,9
Poland
1011
19,9
40,6
34,5
4,9
Slovenia
1028
37,9
30,8
24,7
6,6
Slovakia
1003
15,7
48,5
29,1
6,8
SEX
Male
4819
27,4
39,1
29,3
4,2
Female
5301
15,9
38,8
38,9
6,4
AGE
15 - 24
1931
26,7
48,8
23,6
1
25 - 39
2930
23,5
39,5
34,8
2,3
40 - 54
2844
19,8
38,2
35,9
6,1
55 +
2360
16,7
31,4
40,7
11,2
EDUCATION
until 15 years of
age
16 - 20
692
11,0
23,7
57,6
7,7
4956
19,4
39,3
35,2
6,1
20 +
2745
26,8
34,7
34,7
3,7
Still in education
578
23,2
56,3
14,7
5,8
5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
23,2
41,6
30,3
Employee
2929
26,8
35,0
33,9
4,2
Manual worker
1141
22,6
37,6
35,0
4,8
Not working
LOCALITY
TYPE
Metropolitan area
5105
17,8
41,2
35,1
5,9
2394
18,6
43,9
30,2
7,3
Other towns
4574
24,4
38,3
32,9
4,4
Rural zones
3094
19,5
36,2
39,7
4,6
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 50. Euro as an international currency
QUESTION: Q18. Do you think that the euro is an international currency like the US dollar or the Japanese Yen?
?
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
74,4
17,8
7,8
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
77,4
16,9
5,8
Estonia
1015
73,0
19,2
7,8
Cyprus
1003
71,9
18,6
9,4
Latvia
1005
74,7
17,5
7,9
Lithuania
1026
72,7
16,2
11,1
Hungary
1016
71,8
20,0
8,2
Malta
1009
73,7
16,4
9,9
Poland
1011
73,6
18,4
8,0
Slovenia
1028
81,3
14,2
4,5
Slovakia
1003
78,2
13,8
8,0
SEX
Male
4819
77,8
17,4
4,7
Female
5301
71,3
18,2
10,5
AGE
15 - 24
1931
78,8
14,7
6,5
25 - 39
2930
78,2
15,5
6,3
40 - 54
2844
72,5
20,3
7,2
55 +
20,5
10,9
2360
68,6
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
65,0
15,0
20,0
16 - 20
4956
72,6
20,1
7,3
20 +
2745
76,5
17,6
5,9
Still in education
578
84,1
9,4
6,5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
80,8
14,8
4,4
Employee
19,1
5,7
2929
75,2
Manual worker
1141
80,2
14,9
4,9
Not working
5105
71,8
18,3
9,9
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
77,4
15,4
7,1
Other towns
4574
72,1
20,9
7,0
Rural zones
3094
75,7
15,3
8,9
Annex, page 111
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 51. Euro will help to maintain price stability or increase inflation
QUESTION: Q17. Do you think the euro will help to maintain price stability or, on the contrary, increase inflation in (OUR
COUNTRY)?
page 112
Total N
% Will
help
maintain
price
stability
% Will
increase
inflation
% No
impact
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
28,9
45,9
7,5
17,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
22,1
51,1
7,8
19
Estonia
1015
17,4
61,7
5,8
15,1
Cyprus
1003
15,0
68,7
3,6
12,7
Latvia
1005
17,9
63,6
6,5
12,1
Lithuania
1026
18,7
61,2
6,8
13,3
Hungary
1016
44,7
31,3
8,7
15,3
Malta
1009
15,2
67,0
3,1
14,7
Poland
1011
28,6
44,0
7,9
19,5
Slovenia
1028
26,6
65,3
2,9
5,1
Slovakia
1003
32,2
43,4
5,4
19
SEX
Male
4819
34,9
39,7
8,6
16,8
Female
5301
23,5
51,4
6,5
18,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
32,0
45,5
7,7
14,8
25 - 39
2930
27,9
48,0
6,7
17,4
40 - 54
2844
29,2
45,0
9,4
16,4
55 +
2360
27,7
44,9
5,8
21,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
17,6
42,5
5,4
34,5
16 - 20
4956
27,5
44,7
9,6
18,2
20 +
2745
33,5
47,7
5,9
12,9
Still in education
578
18,4
55,3
5,4
20,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
34,8
45,1
8,8
11,2
Employee
2929
32,7
48,7
5,4
13,1
Manual worker
1141
27,9
47,9
8,0
16,2
Not working
5105
25,9
44,1
8,4
21,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
24,8
49,7
5,0
20,5
Other towns
4574
31,5
44,5
7,9
16
Rural zones
3094
28,5
44,9
8,8
17,8
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 52. Main advantages of the adoption of eruo - ensure lower interest rates, less
debt charges
QUESTION: Q20.a In your opinion, what are the main advantages of the adoption of the euro for (OUR COUNTRY)?- Will
ensure lower interest rates, less debt charges
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
34,8
31,1
34,1
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
23,2
43,4
33,4
Estonia
1015
21,4
36,7
41,9
Cyprus
1003
41,9
27,1
31,1
Latvia
1005
29,4
37,5
33,1
Lithuania
1026
29,1
33,8
37,1
Hungary
1016
52,1
22,8
25,1
Malta
1009
26,5
30,1
43,4
Poland
1011
33,8
29,0
37,2
Slovenia
1028
46,6
35,2
18,2
Slovakia
1003
34,8
31,4
33,8
SEX
Male
4819
38,0
33,1
28,9
Female
5301
31,8
29,3
38,9
AGE
15 - 24
30,9
1931
36,9
32,3
25 - 39
2930
34,9
33,9
31,3
40 - 54
2844
36,7
32,1
31,3
55 +
2360
31,0
25,8
43,2
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
30,5
22,8
46,8
16 - 20
4956
35,2
29,0
35,8
20 +
2745
35,3
37,2
27,6
Still in education
578
24,4
36,6
39,0
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
39,2
32,7
28,2
Employee
2929
36,2
30,6
33,2
Manual worker
1141
32,9
33,0
34,0
Not working
5105
33,7
30,7
35,6
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
30,7
34,8
34,5
Other towns
4574
38,8
29,7
31,5
Rural zones
3094
32,1
30,8
37,1
Annex, page 113
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 53. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - ensure sounder public finances
QUESTION: Q20.b In your opinion, what are the main advantages of the adoption of the euro for (OUR COUNTRY Will
ensure sounder public finances
page 114
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
44,5
30,1
25,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
33,9
42,0
24,1
Estonia
1015
32,6
31,7
35,7
Cyprus
1003
38,5
29,5
32,0
Latvia
1005
35,8
36,2
28,0
Lithuania
1026
43,6
26,2
30,3
Hungary
1016
66,3
19,4
14,3
Malta
1009
43,7
24,0
32,3
Poland
29,9
27,6
1011
42,5
Slovenia
1028
52,9
30,4
16,6
Slovakia
1003
42,1
29,0
28,9
SEX
Male
4819
47,7
31,0
21,3
Female
5301
41,5
29,3
29,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
48,9
30,8
20,3
25 - 39
2930
43,3
33,8
22,9
40 - 54
2844
45,8
28,4
25,8
55 +
2360
41,5
27,1
31,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
35,3
29,7
35,0
16 - 20
4956
44,9
27,9
27,3
20 +
2745
46,1
34,3
19,6
Still in education
578
34,9
32,8
32,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
44,7
31,2
24,1
Employee
34,0
21,1
2929
44,9
Manual worker
1141
43,8
31,7
24,6
Not working
5105
44,5
27,4
28,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
24,8
2394
40,3
34,9
Other towns
4574
48,2
30,2
21,7
Rural zones
3094
42,7
26,5
30,7
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 54. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - reinforce the place of Europe in
the world
QUESTION: Q20.c In your opinion, what are the main advantages of the adoption of the euro for (OUR COUNTRY)?- Will
reinforce the place of Europe in the world
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
67,9
20,4
11,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
58,4
27,8
13,8
Estonia
1015
55,5
21,6
22,9
Cyprus
1003
72,9
13,1
14,0
Latvia
1005
61,3
25,6
13,0
Lithuania
1026
62,8
17,8
19,4
Hungary
1016
74,6
13,4
11,9
Malta
1009
65,9
13,3
20,8
Poland
1011
69,6
20,9
9,5
Slovenia
1028
67,9
22,2
9,9
Slovakia
1003
70,6
16,5
12,9
SEX
Male
4819
68,0
22,3
9,7
Female
5301
67,9
18,7
13,4
AGE
15 - 24
7,3
1931
75,7
17,0
25 - 39
2930
64,0
26,2
9,8
40 - 54
2844
68,2
21,0
10,8
55 +
2360
67,2
15,3
17,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
62,5
12,4
25,1
16 - 20
4956
67,5
19,2
13,3
20 +
2745
65,6
27,4
7,0
Still in education
578
67,9
17,3
14,8
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
66,5
24,3
9,2
Employee
2929
67,2
24,1
8,7
Manual worker
1141
58,6
25,3
16,1
Not working
5105
71,0
16,5
12,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
67,0
24,4
8,6
Other towns
4574
67,5
21,4
11,0
Rural zones
3094
69,8
16,1
14,1
Annex, page 115
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 55. Main advantages of the adoption of euro - improve growth, employment
QUESTION: Q20.d In your opinion, what are the main advantages of the adoption of the euro for (OUR COUNTRY)?- Will
improve growth, employment
page 116
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
37,8
39,9
22,4
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
25,0
56,7
18,3
Estonia
1015
35,0
37,3
27,6
Cyprus
1003
40,5
35,1
24,4
Latvia
1005
34,2
43,7
22,2
Lithuania
1026
52,0
23,9
24,1
Hungary
1016
49,4
30,1
20,5
Malta
1009
39,6
34,4
26,0
Poland
36,5
24,3
1011
39,1
Slovenia
1028
22,4
66,2
11,4
Slovakia
1003
29,3
49,6
21,1
SEX
Male
4819
39,5
40,2
20,2
Female
5301
36,2
39,5
24,3
AGE
15 - 24
1931
50,3
31,0
18,7
25 - 39
2930
32,3
47,2
20,5
40 - 54
2844
36,3
40,5
23,1
55 +
37,2
26,4
2360
36,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
30,0
40,5
29,6
16 - 20
4956
37,7
38,6
23,7
20 +
2745
34,3
45,7
19,9
Still in education
578
43,2
29,7
27,0
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
30,5
44,2
25,3
Employee
19,4
2929
36,0
44,6
Manual worker
1141
40,2
42,9
16,9
Not working
5105
39,6
35,7
24,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
39,5
39,1
21,4
Other towns
4574
40,1
42,4
17,5
Rural zones
3094
33,2
37,1
29,8
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 56. The changeover will make people feel more European
QUESTION: Q21.e Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…? - The usage of the
euro instead of the (NATIONAL CURRENCY) will make us feel more European than now
Total N
% Agree
% Disagree
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
55,2
38,8
6,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
68,8
25,7
5,4
Estonia
1015
44,2
45,3
10,5
Cyprus
1003
47,1
48,6
4,3
Latvia
1005
53,5
38,4
8,1
Lithuania
1026
42,0
44,6
13,4
Hungary
1016
35,9
60,1
4,0
Malta
1009
63,9
28,3
7,7
Poland
36,8
5,5
1011
57,7
Slovenia
1028
66,2
31,7
2,0
Slovakia
1003
56,6
34,2
9,3
SEX
Male
4819
56,6
37,5
5,9
Female
5301
54,0
40,0
6,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
56,5
37,5
6,0
25 - 39
2930
54,5
41,0
4,5
40 - 54
2844
54,1
41,2
4,7
55 +
34,7
8,7
2360
56,6
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
45,4
45,3
9,3
16 - 20
4956
56,1
37,8
6,2
20 +
2745
52,0
44,8
3,2
Still in education
578
54,6
24,4
21,1
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
60,8
34,1
5,2
Employee
2929
56,2
40,6
3,2
Manual worker
1141
56,7
36,9
6,5
Not working
5105
53,5
39,1
7,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
56,8
37,8
5,4
Other towns
4574
56,7
40,1
3,1
Rural zones
3094
52,2
37,8
10,0
Annex, page 117
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 57. Euro will make it easy to compare prices with other countries
QUESTION: Q19.a Do you think that the euro…? - Will allow you to easily compare prices with other countries that use the
euro?
page 118
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
82,8
11,4
5,7
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
77,1
17,6
5,2
Estonia
1015
76,0
11,8
12,2
Cyprus
1003
85,2
8,1
6,6
Latvia
1005
82,1
12,3
5,6
Lithuania
1026
71,0
13,9
15,1
Hungary
1016
91,4
4,7
3,9
Malta
1009
77,6
9,6
12,9
Poland
10,3
4,7
1011
84,9
Slovenia
1028
81,0
13,2
5,8
Slovakia
1003
73,2
18,0
8,9
SEX
Male
4819
84,3
11,3
4,4
Female
5301
81,5
11,6
6,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
87,5
8,3
4,1
25 - 39
2930
85,8
11,6
2,6
40 - 54
2844
82,7
11,4
6,0
55 +
2360
76,0
14,0
10,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
75,7
12,3
12,0
16 - 20
4956
79,8
13,9
6,3
20 +
2745
87,7
8,6
3,7
Still in education
578
87,6
3,9
8,5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
84,7
10,7
4,6
Employee
2929
87,7
10,0
2,4
Manual worker
1141
79,9
13,1
7,0
Not working
5105
80,8
12,1
7,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
84,6
11,8
3,6
Other towns
4574
83,9
10,5
5,6
Rural zones
3094
80,4
12,7
6,9
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 58. Euro will make it easy to shop in other countries
QUESTION: Q19.b Do you think that the euro…? - Will make it easier to shop in other countries that use the euro?
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
89,8
6,7
3,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
84,9
12,2
2,9
Estonia
1015
80,2
8,5
11,3
Cyprus
1003
91,6
3,9
4,6
Latvia
1005
88,6
6,4
5,0
Lithuania
1026
78,3
11,0
10,7
Hungary
1016
93,7
3,7
2,6
Malta
1009
80,5
7,7
11,7
Poland
1011
92,6
5,1
2,4
Slovenia
1028
90,3
7,5
2,2
Slovakia
1003
83,4
10,1
6,5
SEX
Male
4819
88,9
7,8
3,3
Female
3,6
5301
90,7
5,7
AGE
15 - 24
1931
94,8
3,6
1,6
25 - 39
2930
92,1
5,1
2,8
40 - 54
2844
89,8
8,4
1,8
55 +
2360
83,7
9,2
7,1
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
80,7
10,2
9,1
16 - 20
4956
89,2
7,0
3,7
20 +
2745
92,0
6,2
1,8
Still in education
578
89,8
4,5
5,7
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
91,3
5,8
2,9
Employee
2929
91,8
6,7
1,4
Manual worker
1141
89,6
6,8
3,5
Not working
5105
88,7
6,8
4,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
8,1
2,4
2394
89,5
Other towns
4574
92,2
5,7
2,1
Rural zones
3094
87,2
7,2
5,6
Annex, page 119
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 59. Euro will save money by eliminating fees of currency exchange
QUESTION: Q19.c Do you think that the euro…? - Will save money by eliminating fees of currency exchange in other
countries that use the euro?
page 120
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
78,3
13,1
8,6
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
79,9
15,2
4,9
Estonia
1015
71,6
9,5
18,9
Cyprus
1003
70,8
17,2
11,9
Latvia
1005
75,5
11,6
12,9
Lithuania
1026
61,3
23,1
15,6
Hungary
1016
88,1
8,6
3,3
Malta
1009
62,6
17,3
20,1
Poland
12,7
9,6
1011
77,7
Slovenia
1028
75,2
18,2
6,6
Slovakia
1003
77,3
12,8
10,0
SEX
Male
4819
76,9
15,0
8,1
Female
5301
79,5
11,4
9,1
AGE
15 - 24
1931
80,8
11,1
8,1
25 - 39
2930
81,9
14,0
4,1
40 - 54
2844
79,1
12,3
8,6
55 +
2360
71,3
14,7
14,0
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
73,2
16,8
10,1
16 - 20
4956
78,7
12,3
9,0
20 +
2745
77,3
15,9
6,7
Still in education
578
78,5
5,8
15,7
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
83,9
10,4
5,7
Employee
5,8
2929
83,9
10,3
Manual worker
1141
73,4
20,7
5,9
Not working
5105
75,6
13,3
11,1
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
77,6
17,4
5,1
Other towns
4574
81,3
10,1
8,6
Rural zones
3094
74,9
14,3
10,8
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 60. Euro will make it convenient for those who travel in other countries
QUESTION: Q19.d Do you think that the euro…? - Will be more convenient for those who travel in other countries that use
the euro?
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
94,9
3,1
2,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
92,9
5,4
1,7
Estonia
1015
93,8
1,8
4,3
Cyprus
1003
93,7
2,6
3,7
Latvia
1005
94,3
3,3
2,4
Lithuania
1026
90,8
4,0
5,2
Hungary
1016
97,0
1,6
1,4
Malta
1009
91,8
3,0
5,2
Poland
1,5
1011
96,0
2,5
Slovenia
1028
96,0
2,4
1,5
Slovakia
1003
89,8
5,2
5,0
SEX
Male
4819
94,9
3,7
1,4
Female
5301
94,8
2,5
2,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
96,3
1,3
2,3
25 - 39
2930
95,9
3,5
,6
40 - 54
2844
95,2
3,5
1,3
55 +
3,8
2360
92,7
3,5
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
89,8
5,0
5,2
16 - 20
4956
94,8
3,2
2,0
20 +
2745
96,7
2,7
,7
Still in education
578
91,6
2,8
5,6
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
96,3
2,4
1,3
Employee
2929
97,7
1,7
,7
Manual worker
1141
87,5
8,3
4,2
Not working
5105
95,0
2,8
2,2
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
93,4
5,5
1,2
Other towns
4574
96,7
2,2
1,1
Rural zones
3094
94,0
2,6
3,4
Annex, page 121
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 61. Euro will protect from the effects of international crises
QUESTION: Q19.e Do you think that the euro…? - Will protect (OUR COUNTRY) from the effects of international crises
page 122
Total N
% Yes
% No
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
41,9
30,3
27,8
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
33,1
41,9
24,9
Estonia
1015
33,0
32,5
34,6
Cyprus
1003
45,3
29,6
25,1
Latvia
1005
33,9
39,6
26,4
Lithuania
1026
35,4
36,3
28,3
Hungary
1016
50,0
27,2
22,8
Malta
1009
42,1
25,8
32,1
Poland
1011
41,8
27,6
30,6
Slovenia
1028
49,2
30,1
20,7
Slovakia
1003
50,3
25,1
24,6
SEX
Male
4819
42,2
31,1
26,7
Female
5301
41,5
29,6
28,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
46,3
29,4
24,3
25 - 39
2930
42,6
35,6
21,8
40 - 54
2844
39,8
30,2
30,0
55 +
2360
40,2
25,1
34,7
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
39,9
28,4
31,7
16 - 20
4956
39,8
28,1
32,1
20 +
2745
39,6
36,7
23,6
Still in education
578
47,1
24,0
28,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
37,0
33,6
29,4
Employee
2929
41,7
36,3
22,0
Manual worker
1141
45,8
30,6
23,6
Not working
5105
42,0
26,3
31,7
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
39,1
35,4
25,4
Other towns
4574
45,6
30,3
24,1
Rural zones
3094
38,6
26,6
34,8
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 62. Fear of abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover
QUESTION: Q21.b Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…? - You are afraid of
abuses and cheating on prices during the changeover
Total N
% Agree
% Disagree
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
74,4
22,6
3,0
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
69,4
27,7
2,9
Estonia
1015
71,8
20,6
7,6
Cyprus
1003
82,7
13,4
4,0
Latvia
1005
74,4
22,0
3,7
Lithuania
1026
75,4
20,6
4,0
Hungary
1016
64,3
32,4
3,3
Malta
1009
79,0
14,8
6,3
Poland
1011
79,4
18,5
2,2
Slovenia
1028
70,1
29,3
,6
Slovakia
1003
68,5
25,2
6,4
SEX
Male
4819
71,0
25,6
3,4
Female
5301
77,5
20,0
2,6
AGE
15 - 24
1931
67,3
29,3
3,4
25 - 39
2930
72,7
24,2
3,1
40 - 54
2844
75,9
22,4
1,7
55 +
15,9
3,3
2360
80,8
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
86,1
10,6
3,3
16 - 20
4956
73,7
22,9
3,4
20 +
2745
73,3
25,2
1,5
Still in education
578
77,4
16,1
6,5
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
72,6
24,7
2,7
Employee
25,7
1,3
2929
73,0
Manual worker
1141
73,1
23,4
3,6
Not working
5105
76,1
20,4
3,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
79,3
19,0
1,7
Other towns
4574
72,0
25,6
2,4
Rural zones
3094
74,5
21,4
4,1
Annex, page 123
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 63. Adopting the euro will mean that countries will lose a great deal of their
identity
QUESTION: Q21.d Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…? - Adopting the euro
will mean that [COUNTRY] will lose a great deal of its identity
page 124
Total N
% Agree
% Disagree
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
33,8
57,7
8,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
46,3
49,0
4,7
Estonia
1015
48,3
34,7
17,0
Cyprus
1003
45,0
48,3
6,7
Latvia
1005
65,6
27,1
7,4
Lithuania
1026
50,6
33,6
15,7
Hungary
1016
19,1
70,7
10,2
Malta
1009
37,4
54,4
8,3
Poland
1011
29,4
62,6
8,0
Slovenia
1028
33,9
62,3
3,7
Slovakia
1003
39,2
49,2
11,6
SEX
Male
4819
32,2
62,0
5,8
Female
5301
35,2
53,9
10,9
AGE
15 - 24
1931
33,2
57,0
9,7
25 - 39
2930
29,6
62,0
8,4
40 - 54
2844
35,9
58,7
5,4
55 +
2360
37,2
52,4
10,4
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
39,1
47,0
13,9
16 - 20
4956
34,8
56,2
9,0
20 +
2745
31,4
64,6
4,0
Still in education
578
26,4
46,5
27,1
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
33,0
61,7
5,3
Employee
2929
30,4
65,5
4,1
Manual worker
1141
46,2
45,4
8,4
Not working
5105
33,1
55,5
11,4
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
37,5
54,2
8,3
Other towns
4574
32,7
61,0
6,3
Rural zones
3094
32,2
56,4
11,3
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 64. Replacement of national currency with euro will cause personal
inconvenience
QUESTION: Q21.a Could you tell me for each of the following statements if you agree or disagree…? - The replacement of
the (NATIONAL CURRENCY) by the euro will cause you personally a lot of inconvenience…?
Total N
% Agree
% Disagree
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
34,9
58,2
6,9
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
41,3
53,4
5,3
Estonia
1015
40,9
45,6
13,4
Cyprus
1003
46,5
49,7
3,8
Latvia
1005
46,3
49,5
4,2
Lithuania
1026
45,5
45,7
8,8
Hungary
1016
40,5
51,8
7,7
Malta
1009
47,4
45,2
7,4
Poland
1011
30,1
63,4
6,5
Slovenia
1028
20,8
77,8
1,4
Slovakia
1003
36,2
51,7
12,1
SEX
Male
4819
29,7
63,8
6,5
Female
5301
39,7
53,0
7,3
AGE
15 - 24
1931
24,2
69,2
6,6
25 - 39
2930
34,2
59,2
6,6
40 - 54
2844
37,2
56,7
6,1
55 +
2360
42,1
50,3
7,6
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
71,7
22,3
5,9
16 - 20
4956
36,1
56,9
7,0
20 +
2745
26,6
67,3
6,1
Still in education
578
25,9
54,8
19,3
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
30,2
65,8
4,0
Employee
2929
29,1
65,1
5,8
Manual worker
1141
43,3
50,3
6,3
Not working
5105
37,3
54,8
7,9
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
32,8
59,6
7,6
Other towns
4574
32,4
63,4
4,3
Rural zones
3094
40,4
49,9
9,7
Annex, page 125
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Table 65. Adopting the euro will mean that the countries will lose control over their
economic policy
QUESTION: Q21.c Adopting the euro will mean that (OUR COUNTRY) will lose control over its economic policy
page 126
Total N
% Agree
% Disagree
% DK/NA
NMS10
10120
28,9
58,6
12,5
COUNTRY
Czech Republic
1004
28,9
60,8
10,3
Estonia
1015
38,6
44,0
17,5
Cyprus
1003
43,0
45,2
11,8
32,2
13,5
Latvia
1005
54,3
Lithuania
1026
38,2
43,8
18,0
Hungary
1016
19,1
69,0
11,9
Malta
1009
26,3
54,5
19,3
Poland
1011
28,3
59,2
12,4
Slovenia
1028
30,1
62,8
7,1
Slovakia
1003
30,0
55,2
14,8
SEX
Male
4819
28,3
60,9
10,7
Female
5301
29,4
56,5
14,1
AGE
15 - 24
12,5
1931
22,2
65,3
25 - 39
2930
27,0
62,9
10,1
40 - 54
2844
29,7
57,1
13,2
55 +
50,4
13,8
2360
35,9
EDUCATION
until 15 years of age
692
43,4
38,1
18,5
16 - 20
4956
32,3
54,9
12,7
20 +
2745
23,9
68,5
7,7
Still in education
578
15,2
53,0
31,9
OCCUPATION
Self-employed
890
25,3
64,1
10,7
Employee
2929
23,3
68,2
8,5
Manual worker
1141
43,3
47,1
9,6
Not working
5105
29,5
54,9
15,5
LOCALITY TYPE
Metropolitan area
2394
27,7
60,5
11,8
Other towns
4574
26,5
62,9
10,6
Rural zones
3094
33,3
51,4
15,3
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Survey details
This survey on the "Introduction of the euro in the New Member States, Wave 3" was conducted for
the European Commission, Directorate-General Economic and Financial Affairs.
Telephone interviews were conducted in each country with the exception of the Czech Republic,
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary Poland and Slovakia where both telephone and face-to-face
interviews were conducted (approximately 700 webCATI and 300 F2F interviews) The interviews
were conducted between the 31/03/2006 and the 05/04/2006 by these Institutes:
Czech Republic
Estonia
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Hungary
Malta
Poland
Slovenia
Slovakia
CZ
EE
CY
LV
LT
HU
MT
PL
SI
SK
Focus Agency
Saar Poll
CYMAR
Latvian Facts
Baltic Survey
Gallup Hungary
MISCO
Gallup Poland
Cati d.o.o.
Focus Agency
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 05/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 05/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 02/04/2006)
(Interviews : 03/04/2006 – 05/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 03/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 04/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 05/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 05/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 04/04/2006)
(Interviews : 31/03/2006 – 05/04/2006)
Representativeness of the results
Each national sample is representative of the population aged 15 years and above. The sociodemographic parameters of the sample were fitted to the similar parameters of the universe in each
country, with a procedure called post-stratification raking.
Sizes of the sample
The sample sizes amount to approximately 1000 respondents in each country.
Total
Czech Republic
Estonia
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Hungary
Malta
Poland
Slovenia
Slovakia
Conducted
10120
1004
1015
1003
1005
1026
1016
1009
1011
1028
1003
A weighting factor was applied to the national results in order to compute a marginal total where each
country contributes to the European Union result in proportion to its population.
Annex, page 127
Flash EB No 183 – Introduction of the euro in the New Member States
The Gallup Organization
Questionnaires
1. The questionnaire prepared for this survey is included, in English (see hereafter).
2. The institutes listed above translated the questionnaire in their respective national language(s) using
a centralized process of backtranslation procedure.
Statistical significance of the results
The results in a survey are valid only between the limits of a statistical margin caused by the sampling
process. This margin varies with three factors:
1. The sample size (or the size of the analysed part in the sample): the greater the number of
respondents is, the smaller the statistical margin will be;
2. The result in itself: the closer the result approaches 50%, the wider the statistical margin will be;
3. The desired degree of confidence: the more "strict" we are, the wider the statistical margin will be.
As an example, examine this illustrative case:
1. One question has been answered by 500 people;
2. The analysed result is around 50%;
3. We choose a significance level of 95 % (it is the level most often used by the statisticians, and it is
the one chosen for the Table hereafter);
In this illustrative case the statistical margin is: (+/- 4.4%) around the observed 50%. And as a
conclusion: the result for the whole population lies between 45.6% and 54.4 %.
Hereafter, the statistical margins computed for various observed results are shown, on various sample
sizes, at the 95% significance level.
STATISTICAL MARGINS DUE TO THE SAMPLING PROCESS (AT THE 95 % LEVEL OF
CONFIDENCE)
Various sample sizes are in rows;
Various observed results are in columns:
page 128
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
N=50
6,0
8,3
9,9
11,1
12,0
12,7
13,2
13,6
13,8
13,9
N=500
1,9
2,6
3,1
3,5
3,8
4,0
4,2
4,3
4,4
4,4
N=1000
1,4
1,9
2,2
2,5
2,7
2,8
3,0
3,0
3,1
3,1
N=1500
1,1
1,5
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,3
2,4
2,5
2,5
2,5
N=2000
1,0
1,3
1,6
1,8
1,9
2,0
2,1
2,1
2,2
2,2
N=3000
0,8
1,1
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,6
1,7
1,8
1,8
1,8
N=4000
0,7
0,9
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
N=5000
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,3
1,4
1,4
1,4
N=6000
0,6
0,8
0,9
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,3
1,3