George Washington
President 1789-1797
US History & Government
Washington ….in a toga!
Timeline of the Washington Presidency
1789
Washington
Elected
1793
1794
French
Revolution
↓
Proclamation
of Neutrality
Whiskey
Rebellion
1796
Washington’s
Farewell
Address
The “Unwritten Constitution”
Customs or PRECEDENTS established during Washington’s
presidency
Cabinet
Lobbying
Political Parties
Two-Term Presidency
Washington’s Cabinet
Secretary of Treasury
Secretary of State
Attorney General
Secretary of War
President Obama’s Cabinet
Secretary of
Agriculture
Secretary of
Commerce
Secretary of
Defense
Thomas J. Vilsack
Gary F. Locke
Leon Panetta
Secretary of
Education
Secretary of
Energy
Secretary of
State
Arne Duncan
Steven Chu
Secretary of
the Interior
Attorney
General
Kenneth L. Salazar
Secretary of
Transportation
Hillary R. Clinton Raymond LaHood
Secretary of
Labor
Eric H. Holder, Jr. Hilda L. Solis
Secretary of
Secretary of
Health
Treasury
& Human Services
Kathleen Sebelius Timothy Geithner
Secretary of
Veteran’s Affairs
Secretary of
Homeland
Defense
Eric K. Shinseki Janet Napolitano
Secretary of Housing &
Urban Development (HUD)
Shaun L.S. Donovan
Lobbying
Actions by people representing special interest groups
Political Parties
•
•
•
•
•
Federalists
Adams & Hamilton
Loose Construction
Pro British
Pro Business; Bank of US
& Tariffs
Northerners
•
•
•
•
•
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Democratic-Republicans
Jefferson & Madison
Strict Construction
Pro French
Pro Agriculture
Opposed Bank of US
and Tariffs
Plantation owners
Two Term Presidency
• Every president served no more than two
terms until…….
Elected President in
1932
1936
1940
1944
22nd Amendment: President limited to TWO terms in office
Hamilton’s Financial Plan
Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury
created a 4 part plan to get the US out of debt
1. Assumption
•
National gov’t to pay of the states’ war debt
2. National Bank
•
To support the business community
3. Excise Tax
•
Raise money through taxing whiskey
4. Protective Tariff
•
Tax imports to help America’s new industry
Thomas Jefferson disagreed with the plan!
The Bank & The Constitution
• To create the Bank of the US, Hamilton used
the elastic clause or “loose interpretation” of
the Constitution.
• Jefferson believed in “strict construction”
The Deal…..
In return for
Jefferson’s support for
his Financial Plan,
Hamilton agrees to
move the capital of
the US to the South
New York
Washington DC
The Whiskey Rebellion
• Pennsylvania farmers
refuse to pay the excise
tax made from their
grain.
• Washington calls out the
military and puts down
the rebellion
How was this different to
Shays’ Rebellion?
War breaks out in Europe. Millions of people are dying. France aided us in the
Revolutionary War and they want us to side with them. What should we do?
Proclamation of Neutrality
Washington refuses to
choose a side in the war
between France and
Britain, and wishes to
remain friendly with both
nations.
Why would Washington
adopt this policy?
Washington’s Farewell Address
“….Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground? Why, by
interweaving our destiny with that of any part of Europe,
entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European
ambition, rivalship, interest, humor or caprice?....”
“….It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances
with any portion of the foreign world….”
“….The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign
nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with
them as little political connection as possible….”
List 3 reasons why Washington was
one of the most important
presidents in US history