Medical Journal References
Ameresekere M, Borg R, Frederick J, Vragovic O, Saia K,
Raj A. Somali immigrant women’s perceptions of
cesarean delivery and patient-­‐provider communication
surrounding female circumcision and childbirth in the
USA. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011;115:227-­‐230.
Berg, R C & Underland, V. The obstetrics consequences of
female genital/cutting: A systematic review and meta-­‐
analysis. Obstetrics & Gynecology Internatioal, 2013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/496564
Bergstrom A R, Nur F, Davis D L. Consider the
personhood of women who experienced genital cutting.
[Letter to the Editor]. Mayo Clin Proc. October 2013;88
(10):1180.
Brown E, Carroll J, Fogarty C, Holt C. “They get a C-­‐
section …they gonna die”: Somali women’s fears of
obstetrical interventions in the United States. J
Transcult Nurs. 2010;21(3):220-­‐227.
Gambino, CP. Trevelyan, EN, Fitzwater, JT (2014). The
Foreign-­‐born population from Africa: 2008-­‐2012. Retrieved
from: http://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-­‐
releases/2014/cb14-­‐184.html.
Lightfoot-­‐Klein H, Shaw E. Special needs of
ritually circumcised women patients. J Obstet
Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1991;20(2):102-­‐107.
Detailed description of the decircumcision
procedure.
Management of pregnancy, childbirth and the
postpartum period in the presence of female
genital mutilation. http://www.who.int/gender/
other_health/en/manageofpregnan.pdf. Detailed
desciptions including suturing the
defibulation.
A. Renée Bergstrom, EdD
Filsan Nur, BS
Communications Consultants
Somali Health Care Advocates
Women United
© 2015
Hearst A, Molnar A. Female genital cutting: An evidence-­‐
based approach to clinical management for the primary
care physician. Mayo Clin Proc. June 2013;88
(6):618-­‐629. This review discusses the different
types of FGC.
Hill N, Hunt E, Hyrkäs K. Somali immigrant women’s
health care experiences and beliefs regarding pregnancy
and birth in the United States. J Transcult Nurs. 2012;23
(1):72-­‐81.
Endorsed by
[email protected]
I am pregnant
Please partner with me in
planning my labor and delivery
Dhakaatiirta iyo Umulisooyinka qaaliga ahoow,
waxa igu adkaadey in aan kaala hadlo macluumaadkan. markaa waxaa ku soo qorey waraqadan si aan kuugu sharaxo waxii dareen aan qabo.
waxa jira dhaqan ka mida dhaqankayaga, kaasoo keena iney adkaato dhalmadu.
markaan ahaa caruurta ee aan ku noolaa wadankeygii somalia, waa la i gudey, iyadoo ay kaliya tahey jeceyl la ii qabo, si loo ilaaliyo sharafteyda la iina
diyaariyo guur quruxbadan, ugana war warin dhaqaalo xumo. waxa aanu u aragnaa sida jidhkeygu u egyahey ama u yaalo iney tahey si wanaagsan, qurux
badana.. waxa laga yaabaa inaad la yaabto.
Maqaarka dhaaawacan ee iga soo gaadhey gudniinku ma kala jiidmi karo, isla mar ahaantaana waxaa dahcda inuu uu joogsado qeybta labaad ee fooshu.
Ma rabo in la igu qalo ilmaha iyo in la jar jaro qeybaha ka midka ah jidhkeyga ee xubinta taranka iyadoo aan baahi adag keenin.
dhakhaatiirta iyo umulisooyinka khibrada badan ee africa dhamaantood waxa ay furaan dhuunta dhalmada wakhtiga qeybta labaad ee foosha, iyaga oo
adeegsanaaya far ay hoos kaga qabanayaan iyagoo jaraaya ilaa tuunbada isku xidha kaadi heysta iyo xubinta taranka.
Ma ka wada tashan karnaa sida loo diyaarinlahaa arinkan si wada jir ah?
Marka fooshu igu bilaabinto, goorma ayaan iminkaraa dhakhtarka sida ugu dhakhsaha badan? wax suaal ah ma qabtaa?
Waxaan
Leeyahey
UUR,
adigoo
mahadsan
igu kalkaali
inaad ila
qorsheyso
sidii aan u
dhali lahaa.
Dear Doctor or Midwife,
I find talking about the following information difficult so I am
giving you this letter to introduce my concerns.
There is a practice
in our culture that
may lead to
difficulty in giving
birth. While a child
in Somalia, I was cut
as an act of love to
ensure my
preparation for
marriage and
economic survival.
The scar tissue
from the
circumcision does
not stretch and
second stage labor
may stop. I do not
want an
unnecessary
cesaerean section
or extensive
episiotomy.
We consider the
way my body looks
to be normal and
beautiful …and may
be shocking to you.
Experienced
physicians and
midwives in Africa
open the birth
canal during
second stage labor
by placing a
gloved finger
beneath the
infibulation scar
and cutting up to
the urethra.
May we plan this
procedure
together? How
soon after labor
begins should I
arrive at the
hospital?
What questions do
you have?
episiotomy, if
necessary