FC_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 12:54 Page 3 East Sussex Baby Guide East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 16/8/11 11:49 Page 7 This guide is designed to provide some helpful hints and information about going home after having your baby. We hope you will find it useful. Contents Going home from hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Community Midwives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Outstanding appointments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Signs and symptoms requiring medical attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Advice you may find useful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Emotional well-being . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Perineal care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Lochia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Diet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Getting back into shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Pelvic floor exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Stomach exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Protecting your muscles and joints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Physical problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Contraception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Looking after your baby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Breastfeeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Reducing the risk of cot death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Baby skin, bathing and cord care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 What’s in a nappy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Jaundice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Fever. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Meningitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Six-eight week check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 A guide to registering your baby’s birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 How to find our Registration Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 When to register baby’s birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Who can register the birth?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Registering by declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 What information is needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Charges for registering births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Documents you will receive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Adding the father’s details at a later date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Changing the name on a birth certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Registration and parental responsibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Naming ceremonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Women’s focus group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Useful contact details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 8 Going home from hospital Depending on the type of delivery you have, and if both you and your baby are well you can go home as early as 6 hours after the birth or you may need to stay 2-3 days. So that you can get home with the least amount of delay, please make sure that you plan ahead: • arrange for someone to pick you up from the hospital by car (make sure you have a car seat for the baby). Never use a rear-facing baby seat in the front of a car where an airbag is fitted (unless it is switched off) • where possible have help available to you at home • ensure that you have everything ready for you and your baby • make sure you have some paracetamol in your medicine cabinet at home • check that the midwives know which address you will be staying at Planning ahead will give you more time to rest and care for your baby once home. You will be given a discharge envelope with leaflets and advice for you. Additionally there will be print outs from the hospital. There is: • a copy for you to keep with all your Pregnancy, Labour/delivery and Postnatal information. • a copy for your Health Visitor – keep this with you at home as they will be in contact with you in the next week to 10 days. • a copy is sent via fax to your GP by the hospital and then stays in your Pregnancy record. Community Midwives A Community Midwife will usually visit you at home the day after you leave the hospital and will discuss with you future visits according to your specific needs. This care will continue for at least ten days - longer if necessary. When visits by your midwife are no longer necessary, your care will be transferred to the health visitor, who will continue to provide support as your baby grows and develops, right up until your child goes to school. The midwife in the hospital will arrange for the Community Midwife to visit you if you live out of the area. If you have not had a visit by 4pm on the day after you go home please contact the Community Midwives office on 01424 755255 ext 6336 for the Conquest and 01323 417400 ext 4109/4364 for the Eastbourne site. The co-ordinating midwife will be able to put you in touch with a midwife in your area. If you have any problems and wish to ask advice e.g. about breast-feeding, please phone 01424 755255 ext 6464 for the Conquest, 01323 417400 ext 4367/4364 for Eastbourne and 01892 654080 for Crowborough Birthing Centre, at any time and speak to a midwife for further assistance. If you are out of the area please contact your local maternity hospital and ask to be put in contact with your local midwife. In any emergency please dial 999. GP Follow up So you can be sure your body is recovering after having your baby and that your baby is thriving, you should arrange to have a 6 week postnatal check with your GP. You will need to make the appointment yourself. If you need to be seen here at the hospital, an appointment will be sent to you. If you have not had a cervical smear in the last 3 years it is a good idea to have one 3 months after you have had your baby. You will need to organise this with you GP or Practice Nurse or family planning clinic. Your baby will also need to have an appointment at 68 weeks, again to check they are well. You will need to make this appointment with your GP. Outstanding Appointments Mum 8 Baby ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 9 Signs and symptoms requiring medical attention Although severe complications are rare after having a baby, it is important that you are aware of when you should call a doctor urgently, refer to your midwife for advice, or ‘wait and see’ while taking simple measures such as taking paracetamol. The following list of symptoms has been put together to guide you; your midwife will discuss these with you within 1-3 days of your baby’s birth. Emergency Action – see a doctor urgently (consider calling 999 for an ambulance) If you experience any of the following: • sudden or severe blood loss, particularly if you feel dizzy as well • severe or persistent headache with visual disturbances and/or associated with vomiting, or if you had an epidural in labour; severe headaches should not be ignored • shortness of breath or chest pain Or if you are concerned your baby is: • limp and lethargic • unresponsive • jaundiced (yellow skin) but only if less than 24 hours old of age, or lasts for more than 14 days • not passed meconium (baby’s first stool) in the first 24 hours of life • constipation (if bottle-fed) • diarrhoea • redness around the umbilicus (cord area) • passed blood which is seen in the nappy Non-Urgent Action – call your midwife, ‘wait and see’ while taking simple measures, or see your GP If you experience any of the following: • painful sex • perineal pain / discomfort • haemorrhoids • headache or backache • persistent fatigue • constipation • cracked or painful nipples • engorged breasts, mastitis or inadequate breast milk supply Or if you are concerned your baby has: • mild jaundice (yellow skin) but is over 24 hours old • thrush • nappy rash • is excessively sleepy Urgent Action – call your midwife or NHS Direct (08454647) for advice, or see your GP within 24 hours If you experience any of the following: • fever, shivering, abdominal pain and / or offensive vaginal loss • calf-pain in your leg with redness or swelling • severe perineal pain • severe haemorrhoid pain • problems passing urine or opening your bowels, particularly if you are unable to go to the toilet in time or have an accident • unable to pass any urine at all in the hours immediately after birth • fainting episodes Or if you are concerned your baby has: • jaundice (yellow skin) which has started after 7 days 9 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 10 Advice you may find useful There is a lot to adjust to when you have a baby. The experience of giving birth can be physically and emotionally demanding and it may take some time to recover. At the same time you have to look after your new baby. Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new role. • get enough rest - sleep when your baby sleeps • put your own needs and those of your baby first – if you don’t want any visitors, say so • if possible have someone at home to help in the first few days / weeks • don’t try to be a superwoman - accept that standards around the house may have to drop temporarily while you take care of your baby Looking after yourself is just as important as looking after your baby. The following information may help to answer some of your questions. Emotional well-being Most women experience an assortment of feelings in the first few days after they have had a baby. These can range from extreme happiness to mood swings of anxiety, exhaustion and tearfulness. These feelings are often part of the ‘baby blues’, which affect around 5080% of women. It is not known why the blues occur but they are very common and can occur anytime within the first 10 days after birth. These feelings are usually short lived and most women describe feeling more like themselves within a few hours or days. Some women may experience severe mood changes, often described as postnatal depression. Characteristics may include: 10 • feeling low most days • lack of interest or pleasure in normal activities • loss of appetite • difficulty sleeping • tearfulness • irritability • anxiety This list is not exhaustive. If you think you are suffering from postnatal depression or have concerns about any symptoms you may be experiencing, seek advice from your doctor, midwife or health visitor. Perineal care If you need pain relief, you can take paracetamol every 4-6 hours to a maximum of 8 in 24 hours. It is safe to use paracetamol while breastfeeding. If you are on any other medication, please check that you are able to take paracetamol with them. Cold compresses, for example gel pads, can also be used to relieve perineal pain. It is important to keep your perineum clean especially after you have had a baby. Daily baths or showers are very important, particularly if you have had a tear or needed stitches. You should ensure you change your sanitary pads frequently and it is extremely important to wash your hands before and after changing your pads to avoid infection. Fever, shivering, abdominal (tummy) pain and/or vaginal loss, may be suggestive of an infection in the perineum or in your uterus (womb). Bleeding from the tear or stitches may be significant. It is important that you seek advice about your perineum or your stitches by your GP or midwife as soon as possible if you experience any of those previously mentioned symptoms. You should not use tampons until at least 6 weeks after the birth to reduce the risk of developing a uterine infection. Lochia (blood loss from your womb after you have given birth to your baby) The blood loss that you experience after the birth of your baby lasts between two and six weeks and usually varies in colour and amount over that time. It tends to go from bright red to brownish pink to pale pink/brown but will be different for each woman. ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 11 Although lochia is perfectly natural after the birth of your baby, you should seek medical help if the vaginal blood: • soaks more than one sanitary towel an hour. • remains heavy and bright red after the first week. • returns to bright red four or more days after birth and does not improve with bedrest. • has large blood clots (bigger than a 50p piece). • has a foul smell and you come down with a fever and/or chills. Diet Remember it is normal for the body to store some fat in pregnancy. The most sensible way to lose the excess weight you may have gained during pregnancy is to quickly settle into a routine of healthy eating and frequent moderate exercise. It is important that you eat well and have a good well-balanced diet. The first 6 weeks after baby is born is not the time to go on a strict diet. Your body needs nutrients to recover from the physical stresses of pregnancy, labour and birth. To establish breastfeeding you will need to ensure you keep up the calories and fluids and have a daily rest by lying down to make up for the loss of sleep. Continuous daily activity will use up essential calories for breastfeeding. It’s a good idea to have a drink by your side before you settle down to breastfeed. We should all be drinking at least 6-8 glasses (1-2 litres) of fluid every day. When you are breastfeeding you need to drink even more than this. Water, milk and unsweetened fruit juices are all good choices. If you feel thirsty, this means you are already dehydrated. If your urine is dark and has a strong smell, this is also a sign that you are not drinking enough. Alcohol After the baby is born, you should still be careful about how much you drink because it can still affect your baby if you are breastfeeding. Alcohol can pass from your breast to the baby, making him or her too sleepy to feed, or making your milk taste or smell different so your baby doesn’t want to drink it. It can also reduce the amount of breast milk you are producing. The baby may also have difficulties with digestion and problems sleeping. Even if you are feeding your baby using infant formula milk, the smell of alcohol can confuse or upset your baby and make feeding difficult. Getting back into shape Now you have given birth, you may be wondering how to begin safely exercising to help your body return to its pre-pregnancy condition. It is important that after having a baby you continue to take good care of yourself. Restarting a few simple exercises early on can increase your energy levels and help to improve your fitness. However, it is important that you start gently with a few safe exercises and only do what feels comfortable. Going out for a walk with your baby in the pram is a good way of getting exercise and fresh air for you both. 11 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 12 The effect of your ligaments becoming more supple and pliable in pregnancy means, for instance, back problems can be made worse by excessive twisting. These effects may continue for several weeks after birth and if you return to high impact or inappropriate exercise you can put your body at unnecessary risk of injury. It is a good idea to leave anything that creates ‘impact’ on your body until at least 5 months after giving birth. Impact can be defined as taking both feet off the floor at the same time. Pelvic floor exercises In women, pelvic floor muscles support the bladder, bowel and womb and therefore have been affected both by the pregnancy and the birth regardless of how your baby was born. It is important that these muscles are exercised following the birth of your baby in order that they continue to support these organs in later life. Women with strong pelvic floor muscles are less likely to suffer from prolapse or leakage from their bladder or bowel. Toning these muscles in the short term can also reduce swelling and soreness. They can be started even if you had stiches after your baby’s birth. DO NOT: Try to stop the flow of urine Hold your breath Tighten your tummy excessively Tighten your buttocks Squeeze your legs together REMEMBER: Start gently and increase the strength and frequency of the exercises, as feels comfortable. Try to repeat these exercises 4-6 times every day, you can do them whilst breastfeeding. Stomach exercises The deep stomach muscles are the most important stomach muscles to exercise in the first 6 weeks after your baby is born. They help to support the spine and pelvis and exercising them will help to flatten your tummy. • Lie on your side with a pillow or cushion between your legs and your knees slightly bent • First relax and let your tummy sag, then breathe in gently • As you breathe out again, gently pull in the lower part of your tummy and your pelvic floor together and then release Pelvic floor exercises are quick and simple and can be done anywhere as long as you are comfortable. • • Imagine that you are trying to stop your flow of urine or stopping yourself from passing wind. You should feel a gentle lift and squeeze around your front and back passages. This is the basic exercise that will tone these muscles. Every woman is different and it is important that you don’t strain yourself. Start gently by holding this ‘squeeze’ for a few seconds as you are able. • Rest and repeat the exercise up to 10 times. • Gradually increase the length of time you can hold it for (up to a maximum of 10 seconds) as the muscles become stronger over the next few weeks. • Next try to squeeze and lift more quickly and release immediately (up to 10 times). This will help to reduce leaking urine when you cough, sneeze or laugh. It is important that if you have any problems with your bladder that you discuss it with your GP. Rest for a few seconds and then try again. Repeat 4-5 times with a short rest in between each one. Build up until you are able to hold each one for a maximum of 10 seconds and only repeat up to 10 times. You can choose a different position. Try lying on your back with a pillow underneath your head. Sometimes due to hormonal changes and muscle stretching, the tummy muscles (rectus abdominis muscles) may separate. If the gap between the muscles is more than 2.5cm then certain exercises should be avoided – your midwife should check these muscles postnatally on day 3-4 and advise you accordingly. Protecting your muscles and joints 12 Make sure that you are very careful in the first few weeks at home. As much as possible, avoid lifting anything heavier than your baby. Avoid leaning down to pick objects up off the floor, bend your knees and keep your back straight instead. As you pick things up tighten your pelvic floor and stomach muscles to help you. ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 13 When feeding your baby make sure you sit in a supportive chair with your back straight. Use a pillow or footstool underneath your feet if needed. Also use a pillow underneath baby to help support him/her so that you are comfortable. Physical problems Consult a GP for advice if you experience any of the following problems: • persistent back, pelvic, pubic bone, groin or abdominal pain • a stomach that remains bulging and floppy more than 6 weeks after giving birth • any problems with loss of bladder or bowel control – such as wetting, soiling or having to rush to the toilet or constipation/haemorrhoids(piles). • difficulties with sexual intercourse • Deep Vein Thrombosis: if you start to develop calf pain, redness or swelling of one or both legs, shortness of breath or chest pain, you must seek help immediately from your GP. Contraception Contraception may be the last thing on your mind when you have just had a baby, but it is something you need to think about if you want to delay or avoid another pregnancy soon after this baby. A lot of unplanned pregnancies happen in the first few months after childbirth, so even if you’re not interested in sex at the moment, it is better to be prepared. How soon can I have sex again? You can have sex as soon as you and your partner want to. However, having a baby causes many physical and emotional changes for both partners, and it may take some time before you feel ready to have sex. It is common to feel nervous, but there is usually no reason why you should not enjoy sex just as much as before. It can help if you and your partner talk about any worries you have. If you have any discomfort which might affect your enjoyment of sex, such as stitches which have not healed, discuss this with your midwife, GP, practice nurse, or Health Visitor. Certain lubricating jelly can help for example KY. But only use once your stitches have healed. When will my periods start again? If you bottle-feed, or combine bottle and breastfeeding, your first period could start as early as 5-6 weeks after the birth. If you are breastfeeding, your periods may not come back until you stop. However, you can be fertile before you get your first period. This is because you ovulate (release an egg) about two weeks before a period so you are able to become pregnant without having had a period. 13 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:25 Page 14 How soon do I need to use contraception? You can become pregnant again quickly after the birth whether you are breast or bottle feeding, therefore you must use contraception every time you have sex. Don’t wait for your periods to return, or until you have your postnatal check before you use contraception as you could become pregnant again before then. When can I start to use contraception? You can use male and female condoms as soon as you want to. Other methods of contraception will need to be discussed with your GP. Which contraceptive method will be suitable for me? This depends on what you and your partner prefer, your medical history, any problems you had in the pregnancy and if you are breastfeeding. Your GP should be able to advise you on this. There are three main methods of contraception: • Hormonal methods, such as oral contraceptive pills, patches, implants, and injections. • Barrier methods include the diaphragm and condoms. Male and female condoms are easy over the counter choices. • The IUCD, intrauterine contraceptive device. Will breastfeeding act as a contraceptive? Breastfeeding is not 100% effective in avoiding pregnancy. Can I use emergency contraception after the birth? Yes. If you have unprotected sex you can use emergency contraception. If you are breastfeeding, using the emergency pill will not harm the baby or 14 affect the breast milk. Your GP or pharmacist will be able to provide further information on this. Where can I get advice? You and your partner can visit your doctor, practice nurse, family planning clinic or sexual health clinic. Will contraception protect me from sexually transmitted infections? Most methods of contraception do not protect you from sexually transmitted infections. However male and female condoms, when used correctly and consistently, can help protect against sexually transmitted infections. Diaphragms and caps may also protect against some sexually transmitted infections. ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 15 Looking after your baby Breastfeeding Breastfeeding gives your baby all the nutrients needed for the first six months of life. It helps to protect your baby from infection and other diseases. Breastfeeding also helps you and your baby to feel closer, physically and emotionally. You may need to seek advice or support on fullness of the breast (when your milk has come in), nipple pain mastitis (Infection in the Breast), expressing and storage of breast milk. Don’t be afraid to ask for support or advice to make breastfeeding work for you and your baby and to overcome any problems and challenges you may encounter. Speak to your midwife or health visitor, or contact one of the voluntary organisation breastfeeding helplines in the Useful Contact Details pages of this guide. Before you go home you will be given the joint UNICEF and NHS leaflet ‘Off to the best start – Important information about feeding your baby’, which should answer many of your questions. East Sussex Health Care NHS Trust has a full time Infant Feeding Specialist Midwife called Jayne Collins. She is available for advice and can be contacted on 07753584689 where you can leave a message and Jayne will get back to you as soon as possible. Jayne is a qualified Lactation Consultant and has many skills and advice to impart to any mother and her family experiencing difficulties in infant feeding. Jayne also offers a flexible responsive service for separation of Tongue ties. Tongue ties can contribute to delay in your baby establishing breastfeeding. If you have any concerns ask your midwife to check your baby. Reducing the risk of cot death Jayne Collins In a small number of cases, babies die suddenly for no apparent reason from what is called cot death or Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). There are some factors that are associated with SIDS and the advice listed below provides guidance on how you can help to reduce the risk to your baby. The advice below should be followed at all times. • Place your baby on its back to sleep. This is the safest position for your baby to sleep in. • Never sleep with your baby on an armchair or sofa. • Do not let anyone smoke in the same room as your baby. Better still, do not permit any smoking in the house. Ideally, encourage those concerned to give up smoking altogether! • Keep your baby’s head uncovered - place your baby with their feet to the foot of the cot, to prevent wriggling down under the covers. • When you check your baby, if they are sweating or their 15 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 16 tummy feels hot to the touch, take off some of the bedding. Don’t worry if hands or feet feel cool, this is normal. • Use lightweight blankets. If your baby feels too warm, reduce the number of layers. Do not use a duvet, quilt or pillow for babies under twelve months. • Babies should never sleep with a hot water bottle or electric blanket, next to a radiator, heater or fire, or in direct sunshine. • Remove hats and extra clothing as soon as you come indoors or enter a warm bus, train or shop, even if it means waking your baby. • Do not share a bed with your baby if you have been drinking alcohol, have taken drugs, are very tired or if you smoke. • Do not let your baby get too hot or too cold. Ideally room temperature should be between 16 and 20 degrees centigrade, (See table below). Baby skin, bathing and cord care Babies are born with very delicate skin and are less able to withstand the sensitising effects of modern detergents. Maintenance of the skin’s natural protective barrier is paramount. In order to do this you should use water only for baby skincare for at least the first month of life. When carrying out any baby care you should wash your hands before and after. It is currently advised not to overload your washing machine as this will help to avoid a build up of chemical residues on clothing from washing powders. You should use non-biological washing powder and make sure that your baby’s clothes are thoroughly rinsed. If you use a fabric conditioner, try to use products that are free from colours and perfumes. You may be considering using cloth nappies for your baby. They are just as efficient as disposables and do not present a higher risk of nappy rash. They are also kinder to the environment. You may also be concerned about your baby having dry skin. This can be resolved by using vegetable based oils - not nut - which are free from minerals, perfume and colours. Bedding guidelines for babies wearing a nappy, vest and babygro. 16 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 17 Your baby’s cord will dry and fall off between five and ten days after birth. There are some basic rules to follow to reduce the risk of problems: • hand washing before and after all baby care • leave the cord open to air or cover with clean, loose clothing • fold nappies down below the cord until it falls off • leave the cord alone unless contaminated by faeces or urine • clean, if necessary with plain water • contact your midwife if you have any concerns about the cord area Please note it is normal for the cord stump to look a bit ‘mucky’ or appear to have pus at the base as it dries up and heals. This does not mean it is infected. It is also normal for the cord to smell slightly offensive as it separates. This is because the cord separates by a process of dry gangrene and is effectively dying tissue. Ask your midwife to check your baby’s cord stump if you are worried about its appearance or smell. What’s in a nappy? For the first couple of days after birth your baby will pass meconium. This is the earliest stool and is made up of materials ingested during the time your baby spent in the womb. Meconium is a black, sticky, tar-like substance that has no odour. Its appearance is a good sign that your baby’s bowels are working properly. After a day or two, as feeding is established and the last of the meconium passes out, the stools will turn a browny-green colour. They will be looser and have a grainy texture. After about three days, once feeding is fully established, your baby’s stools will gradually change to a mustard yellow colour. It is not unusual for breastfed babies to have several mustardcoloured, loosely formed or even watery, stools a day, sometimes after each feed. If you notice any inconsistencies or problems with your baby bowl movements like consipation (hard stools) or diarrhoea (watery stools) speak to your midwife., health visitor or GP for advice. Your baby will normally pass urine 2 or more times during the first day. The amount and frequency of urine passed gradually increases with the quantity of feed taken during the first week and the bladder may empty up to 20 times a day during the second week. You may notice an orange or red brick-dust coloured stain in your baby’s nappy in the first couple of days after birth. Often mistaken for blood, this stain is from urate crystals; a sign of over-concentrated urine, which is normal at this time. As your baby increases their feeds the urine will become less concentrated and the staining will disappear. It is also common for girls to have vaginal discharge in the first few days after birth. At times this may be slightly blood stained and is due to the presence of your hormones in your daughter’s body. This is entirely normal but if in any doubt please check with your midwife. 17 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 18 If your baby seems to be suffering with nappy rash, the following possible causes should be considered: • Hygiene and skin care. • Sensitivity to detergents, fabric softeners or other chemical products that have contact with the skin. • Presence of infection. If painful nappy rash persists, it is usually caused by thrush, and treatment with antifungal medication should be considered. If after a course of treatment the rash does not disappear, contact your Health Visitor. Jaundice ‘Physiological’ jaundice occurs in approximately 60% of babies born around their due date and 80% of babies born early or premature. It is caused by immature liver function which isn’t working fast enough to cope with the by-products of breaking down red blood cells. Jaundice typically presents at two to three days old, begins to disappear by the end of the first week and has normally completely disappeared by the tenth day. How to identify Jaundice Apart from the yellowing of the skin and eyes, most babies are otherwise unaffected by mild/moderate physiological jaundice. If your baby has signs of jaundice, encourage your baby to breastfeed frequently, and at least three hourly. If a baby is significantly jaundiced in the first 24 hours, appears unwell or your baby becomes poor at sucking / feeding, is sleepy, and / or has dark urine or pale stools, develops jaundice after seven days or jaundice remains after 14 days, it is important that you seek advice from your midwife, health visitor or GP straight away so your baby can be assessed and the causes investigated. Early symptoms of meningitis can be like other childhood illnesses, but can be difficult to diagnose in a baby. A baby with meningitis will usually become ill quickly with a rapid deterioration in the baby’s condition. Watch out for tiny red or brown pin prick marks which can change to purple blotches or blisters. If your baby has a rash, you need to do the glass test. The Glass Test Spots or a rash will still be seen when the side of a clear drinking glass is pressed firmly against the skin. If this happens, get medical help immediately. Remember a very ill baby needs medical help even if they have only a few spots, a rash that fades or no rash at all. Other symptoms that may be evident Fever • If you think your baby is unwell, their temperature should be measured using electronic devices that have been properly calibrated and are used appropriately. tense or bulging soft spot (top of your baby’s head) • high temperature / cold hands and feet / extreme shivering • very sleepy / staring expression / too sleepy to wake up • breathing fast / difficulty breathing A temperature of 38°C or more is too high for your baby and the cause of this should be assessed immediately. A full assessment, including a physical examination, should be undertaken. Contact your GP or NHS Direct straight away. 18 Meningitis ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 19 • sometimes diarrhoea / vomiting / refusing to feed • irritable when picked up with a high pitched cry • blotchy skin getting paler or turning blue • a stiff body with jerky movements or else floppy and lifeless • pain / irritability from muscle aches or severe limb / joint pain If your baby demonstrates any of the above symptoms, do seek emergency help. If you need advice regarding this subject these are the national contact numbers: • Meningitis Research Foundation - Freephone 24 hour helpline 080 8800 3344, 01454 281811 or via their website, www.meningitis.org If you are ever concerned about the health of your baby do not hesitate to seek advice or help. Six - Eight week check At the end of the postnatal period you will have a six to eight week check to ensure that you are physically, emotionally and socially well. Screening and medical history should also be taken into account. This is usually done with your GP. 19 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 20 A guide to registering your baby’s birth Babies must be registered in the district in which they are born. If your baby was born in East Sussex, you should phone one of our registration offices to make an appointment to register the birth. How to find our registration offices and outstations Crowborough Registration Office Beaconwood, Beacon Road, Crowborough, East Sussex TN6 1AR Phone: 01892 653803 Fax: 01892 669884 Email: [email protected] Further information The registration office is not accessible from Beacon Road. Turn into Mill Lane and left into Pine Grove, then first left and down to the end. There is limited free car parking available to registration office visitors at the front entrance to Beaconwood. The nearest train station is Crowborough station. This is approximately 40 minutes walk away, so you may wish to take a taxi. Buses 28, 29, 196 and 227 stop nearby. Uckfield Civic Centre A registrar usually attends the registration office on the first floor of Uckfield Civic Centre, Uckfield, TN22 1AE, on a Tuesday and Thursday morning each week to register births. Please phone the Crowborough registration office (01892 653803) to arrange an appointment at Uckfield. East Sussex Register Office Town Hall, Grove Road, Eastbourne, East Sussex, BN21 4UG Phone: Fax: Email: 01323 464780 01323 464781 [email protected] Further information The Register Office is situated on the ground floor of the Town Hall. There is no car parking provision available. On-street metered parking may be available nearby. The nearest town centre car park is the Railway Station Car Park, which has designated disabled spaces. 20 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 21 The nearest train station is Eastbourne station. East Sussex Registration Service Hailsham Town Council A registrar usually attends an office on the ground floor of Hailsham Town Council, Inglenook, Market Square, Hailsham, BN27 2AE, one morning each week, from 9.30am to 2.30pm to register births. Please phone the Eastbourne register office (01323 464780) to arrange an appointment at Hailsham. You can get more information about our services for new parents in our leaflets A welcome addition ~ registering the birth of your child and A pledge of love and commitment ~ a naming ceremony. We also offer leaflets about our full range of services. Phone your nearest registration office for copies or download them from our website at eastsussex.gov.uk/registration Hastings Registration Office Summerfields, Bohemia Road, Hastings East Sussex TN34 1EX Phone: 01424 721722 Fax: 01424 465296 Email: [email protected] Further information The registration office is in the Summerfields complex (comprising the Horntye Park Sports Complex, Law Courts and Police Station). To enter from Bohemia Road, turn off by the Firestation and take the second small feeder road on the left. Continue to follow this road up to the office. There is limited free car parking available to registration office visitors at Summerfields. Additional parking spaces are also available in the Pay & Display car park at the Horntye Park Sports Complex (first feeder road on the left once you have entered the Summerfields complex). The nearest train stations are Hastings and St Leonards Warrior Square. You may wish to take a taxi from the station, as the registration office is up a long, steep hill. Further information The registration office is situated on the first floor of Southover Grange, an Elizabethan Manor House, which has no lift available. There is no car parking provision available. On-street metered parking is available on Southover Road or Grange Road. The nearest train station is Lewes. Buses 123, 125, 128, 166 and 824 stop nearby. When should I register my baby’s birth? Buses 20B, 21B, 23, 71, 76, 99 and 100 stop nearby at Hastings Court or the Leisure Centre. You must register the birth within 42 days. Lewes Registration Office The following people can register the birth: Southover Grange, Southover Road, Lewes, East Sussex, BN7 1TP • • Phone: 01273 475589 Fax: 01273 488073 Email: [email protected] Who can register the birth? • • baby’s mother baby’s father who was married to the baby’s mother at the time of the birth both parents together, if they are not married to each other and they want the father’s details to be recorded in the register. baby’s female parent if at the time of fertility treatment she was in a civil partnership with the child’s mother. 21 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 22 Please remember that one of the parents must register the birth in person. They cannot ask a friend or relative to register the birth on their behalf. • • • In extenuating circumstances, other individuals may be able to register the birth. Please contact a registration office for further information. If the father's or second parent’s details are to be included, the registrar will need to know: If the parents were not married and the father cannot attend, the mother can register the birth but only her details will be added to the register. The mother can however still give the baby the father’s surname or another surname of her choice. The father’s details can be added later through a re-registration process. See below for more information. Registering by declaration If your baby was born outside East Sussex (e.g. Brighton, Haywards Heath, Pembury or one of the London hospitals), you can still make an appointment at your nearest registration office, where they will take all the details from you and send them to the registration office covering the district where your baby was born. We call this registering the birth by declaration. If you require a full certified copy of the birth entry you will also need to take to the appointment a cheque or postal order, made payable to the county council that covers the district where the birth occurred. As payment needs to be sent through the post, we are unable to accept a cash payment. The birth certificate will then be sent by post to your home address, and you should allow a few days for it to reach you. What information or documents are needed? The registration office will already have had notification about the birth of your baby. You do not need to produce any documents at all. However, if you are a foreign national it is helpful if you take your passport along with you. The registrar will see you in private and record the baby and parents' details. You will be asked for the following information about your baby's birth: • • • • • • 22 the date of the birth where the baby was born the baby’s full name the mother's full name the mother's surname before she was married any other names used now or previously • • • • • the mother's date and place of birth the mother's occupation the mother's address their full name any other names used now or previously their date and place of birth their occupation their address If the parents are married to each other or in a civil partnership, the registrar will also ask for the date of their marriage or civil partnership registration and the number of any other children. You will also be asked some questions requested by the Office of National Statistics, concerning your date of birth, date of marriage (if applicable) and the industry in which you work. This information is confidential and will not appear on the register page. You will be asked to check the information recorded very carefully and sign to say that it is correct. It is important that the registration is accurate, as any correction of errors discovered after the register has been signed may cause you a lot of inconvenience to put right. Please consider carefully the names in which you will register your child. This is particularly important if you are a foreign national or if the mother and father have different surnames as the surname given at the time of registration cannot be changed at a later date other than by re-registration, adoption or by Change of Name Deed. Charges for registering the birth There is no charge for registering a birth. Documents you will receive When a birth is registered, the registrar will give you a Short Birth Certificate free of charge. This certificate is needed in order to claim child benefit. You may wish to purchase a Full Birth Certificate, which is a replica of the entry in the register. Many organisations, including the UK Passport Agency and some banks, now require this type of birth certificate for a passport or to open a bank account for your ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 16/8/11 12:22 Page 23 child. The fee for a full certificate is currently £3.50 on the day of registration and £7.00 from the next day. You can purchase any number of certificates. We offer commemorative certificates for purchase. Many parents buy a commemorative certificate as a treasured keepsake of their baby's birth or as a gift for proud grandparents. Please ask the registration office for further details. Adding the father’s details at a later date If your baby's birth was registered without including the natural father's details in the register, you can apply at a later date for the birth to be re-registered. There are two ways this can be done: If you are unmarried and would like the natural father’s details added to the birth record you can apply for a re-registration to be made by completing a form GRO185, which is available from the registrar or can be downloaded from the DirectGov website. www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/ Registeringlifeevents/Birthandadoptionrecords/Registering orchangingabirthrecord/index.htm Both parents must sign this form and attend together to sign the new birth registration. If circumstances mean that one parent cannot attend, there is a facility for that parent to complete a statutory declaration witnessed by a solicitor or Justice of the Peace. The other parent must bring this to the appointment. If you and baby’s father have married each other since the baby’s birth, you are legally required to re-register the birth so that a new birth record can be created to show your son or daughter as a child of your marriage. To do this, you will need to complete a form LA1, which can be obtained from the registration office. Once completed, you should make an appointment for either parent to visit the registration office to sign the new birth registration. You will need to bring a copy of your marriage certificate along with you when you attend. If you are doing this by declaration to another district you will also need a full birth certificate for the child. After the birth has been re-registered you can obtain birth certificates from the new registration on payment of the appropriate fee. There is a useful website called "Married or Not" which can be found at www.marriedornot.org.uk that provides at-a-glance information on the legal differences between married and unmarried couples. It also has direct links to other sources of information and expert advice. It was created as part of the Government-backed campaign, Living Together, to better inform cohabiting couples in England and Wales of their legal rights. 23 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 24 Changing the name on a birth certificate You can change or add to your child's forename(s) on the birth registration within 12 months of the date of the original registration. You will need to complete a simple form that is available from the registrar. The new forename(s) will appear in space 17 of the Birth register entry and on future certificates. registration. An unmarried father can also obtain parental responsibility by later marrying the child’s mother, by making a parental responsibility agreement with her or through a court order. For further information on this please call Parentline Plus on 0808 800 2222 Naming ceremonies Alternatively, if the child has been baptised in the Christian faith within 12 months of the date of the original registration you can obtain a form from the registration office to take to the Minister of the Church in which the child was baptised. Once this form has been completed the registrar will add the new name(s) to space 17. This process can be done only if the baptism takes place within 12 months of the registration. You can then purchase certified copies from this amended registration. Please remember that surnames (Family Name) cannot be changed except through re-registration, adoption or by Change of Name Deed. A Naming Ceremony is a very special way of celebrating the birth of your baby or welcoming an adopted or stepchild into a new family. It is an opportunity to declare publicly, before family and friends, your love for and commitment to the child’s welfare, and for supporting adults, friends and relatives to confirm the special relationship they hold within your family. Each ceremony is individually designed with your input and participation welcomed. You can discuss your personal needs with the celebrant. Although predominantly non-religious, ceremonies may include a prayer. Registration and parental responsibility If baby’s parents were married to each other on the day of the birth, both parents will automatically have parental responsibility. Where parents are not married to each other, the father will acquire parental responsibility if he is named on the child’s birth 24 Ceremonies may be held at any of our registration offices, in one of the venues licensed by East Sussex County Council for civil ceremonies, or in a venue of your choice. To arrange a ceremony, please contact one of our registration offices. ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 25 Women’s Focus Group In 2001 it was decided to start a Women’s Focus Group so that women – and their families – could help shape the care provided by the Maternity Staff birth at the DGH and in the Community. Since that time that Group has worked alongside the Maternity Unit staff to give support, encouragement and comment to ensure that the service offered is focused on meeting the needs – and expectations of women and their families. The All-Party Parliamentary Group on Maternity has given the midwifery team at the Trust a special commendation in the Involvement of women in improving local maternity services category for their work on the Women’s Focus Group. So who is in the Group? The Focus Group is made up of women who have had their babies here, Midwives who work both in the Units from Eastbourne, Conquest, Crowborough Birthing Centre and the community, occasionally any of the Clinical Matrons. The Women on the Focus Group come from a range of backgrounds and experiences. Their children and their birth experiences vary. Members of the Trust’s Midwifery team and Focus Group with their certificate. The Group Meetings are informal and are focused on ‘Making a Difference’. Although our meetings have an agenda, each Group member is free to raise issues for discussion. We work on the basis that everyone’s views count and all are listened to! The Group meets regularly throughout the year in the evening in a meeting room at the DGH in Eastbourne and a newly formed group has started at Crowborough Birthing Centre. Date for these meetings are decide by the Group. How do I join? For more information on when the Group meets, call Gayle Clarke, Specialist Midwife in Practice Development on 01323 417400 ext 4889. You are free to come along to a meeting just to observe with a view to joining us. 25 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Page 26 Useful Contact Details NHS Direct www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk 0845 46 47 Ameda Egnell breast pump hire www.ameda.com 01823 336 362 Association of Breastfeeding Mothers www.abm.me.uk 0870 401 7711 Association for Postnatal Depression www.apni.org 020 7386 0868 BLISS Premature Baby Charity www.bliss.org.uk 01933 318503 Breastfeeding Network www.breastfeedingnetwork.org.uk 0870 900 8787 Child Benefit www.hmrc.gov.uk/childbenefit 0845 302 1444 Children’s Centres Battle Children’s Centre Market Road Battle TN33 0HQ 01424 777109 Churchwood Children’s Centre Church in the Wood Lane St Leonards on Sea East Sussex, TN38 9PB 01424 853334 Devonshire Children's Centre 43 Seaside Eastbourne East Sussex BN22 7NB 01323 749780 Dunbar Children's Centre Hailsham Resource Centre Dunbar Drive Hailsham East Sussex BN27 3UW 01323 444888 26 East Hastings Children’s Centre ‘Ore Valley Children’s Centre’ 46-48 Chiltern Drive Hastings TN34 3PZ 01424 448143 Egerton Park Children’s Centre Egerton Road Bexhill TN39 3HL 01424 210550 Hailsham East Children's Centre Vega Close Hailsham BN27 2JZ 01323 444888 Hampden Park Children's Centre Hampden Park Health Centre Brodrick Close Eastbourne BN22 9NQ 01323 464160 Hastings Town Children’s Centre Waterworks Road Hastings TN34 1RT 01424 460112 Langney Children's Centre Langney Primary School Redford Close Eastbourne East Sussex BN23 7EF 01323 761874 Polegate Children's Centre Polegate County Primary School Oakleaf Drive Polegate East Sussex BN26 6PT Rye Children’s Centre The Grove Rye, TN31 7ND 01797 224878 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 15/8/11 10:26 Shinewater Children's Centre Shinewater Primary School Milfoil Drive Eastbourne East Sussex BN23 8ED 01323 464170 St Leonards South Children’s Centre 66 London Road (Entrance off Clyde Road) St Leonards on Sea East Sussex TN37 6AS 01424 2005604 West Rise Children's Centre West Rise Community Infant School Chaffinch Road Eastbourne East Sussex BN23 7SL 01323 761574 Willingdon Trees Children’s Centre Oakwood Primary School Campus Magnolia Drive Eastbourne BN22 0SS 01323 464160 Child Maintenance www.csa.gov.uk 0845 713 3133 Page 27 La Leche League GB www.laleche.org.uk 0845 120 2918 Maternity grant www.jobcentreplus.gov.uk 0845 606 0234 Maternity/paternity rights www.direct.gov.uk/parents 0800 88 22 00 Medela breast pump hire www.medela.co.uk 0161 776 0400 Meet A Mum Association (MAMA) www.mama.co.uk 0845 120 3746 National Childbirth Trust www.nct.org.uk 0870 444 8707 NICE postnatal guidance www.nice.org.uk Real Nappy Network 07768 916 276 Child Trust Fund www.childtrustfund.gov.uk 0845 302 1470 Rights and return to work www.acas.org.uk 0845 747 4747 Child & Working Tax Credit www.hmrc.gov.uk/home.htm 0845 300 3909 Twins and Multiple Birth Association (TAMBA) www.tamba.org.uk 0800 138 0509 Cry-sis www.cry-sis.org.uk 08451 228 669 Expressions Breastfeeding 0153 838 6650 Family Planning Association www.fpa.org.uk 0845 310 1334 Foundation for Sudden Infant Deaths www.sids.org.uk 020 7233 2090 Giving up smoking www.smokefree.nhs.uk 0800 022 4332 Healthy Start Vouchers www.healthystart.nhs.uk 0845 607 6823 Unicef UK Baby Friendly Initiative www.babyfriendly.org.uk Remember there are always staff members available at the maternity unit at Eastbourne District General or The Conquest Hospital in Hastings or Crowborough Birthing Centre for advice and reassurance if necessary. Conquest Hospital Buchanan Delivery Suite, The Ridge, St. Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7RD 01424 755255 Crowborough Birthing Centre Southview Road, Crowborough, East Sussex TN6 1HB 01892 654080 Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne East Sussex BN21 2UD 01323 417400 27 ED_EAS_307951.Qxd 16/8/11 11:47 Page 5 Going Home After Your Baby Is Born Published by Burrows Communications Limited Publicity House, 106 Stafford Road, Wallington, Surrey SM6 9AY Tel: 020 8773 3000 • Fax: 020 8773 8888 [email protected] • www.burrows.co.uk Our Advertisers: We gratefully acknowledge the support of all the firms whose advertisements appear in these pages. Without their help we would not be able to produce this guide. As a reciprocal gesture we have pleasure in drawing the attention of our readers to their announcements, but wish to make it clear that East Sussex Health Care NHS Trust can accept no responsibility for their products or services advertised. If you require this document in another language or an alternative format such as large print or audiotape, please contact NHS direct on 08454647. 5
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