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FAQs
Q.1. What is a sporophyte?
Ans. That stage or generation in bryophyte life cycle which is
involved with the production of spores is called a sporophyte.
Q.2. How is a sporophyte formed in bryophytes?
Ans. The sporophyte in bryophytes is formed from zygote which
undergoes mitosis.
Q.3. What is the structure of a sporophyte?
Ans: A sporophyte may consist of a foot, seta and capsule.
Q.4. What is theory of progressive sterilization?
Ans. The theory of progressive sterilization envisages that
there is a gradual increase in sterilization of sporogenous or
fertile tissue in the sporophytes of bryophytes.
Q.5. Name the primitive sporophyte occurring in living
bryophytes?
Ans. In bryophytes the primitive sporophyte is found in Riccia.
Q. 6. Name the group of Bryophytes which is having
advanced sporophytes?
Ans. The mosses are having the most advanced sporophytes
in Bryophytes.
Q. 7. Which sporophytes do have maximum amount of
sterilized tissue?
Ans. The sporophytes of mosses do have maximum sterilized
tissue. These sterilized tissues include peristome , colummela,
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apophysis, foot and seta.
Q. 8. What is the line of sporophyte evolution in
bryophytes?
Ans. According to progressive theory of sterilization the
sporophyte evolution has occurred from Riccia to mosses such
as polytrichum while as reduction theory proposes reductive
evolution from complex sporophyte of mosses to simple
sporophyte of Riccia.
Q. 9. Based on reduction or simplification theory, name
the primitive and advanced sporophyte in bryophytes?
Ans. According to this theory the simple sporophyte of Riccia is
believed to be highly evolved or advanced sporophyte while as
complex sporophyte of mosses is considered to be primitive.
Q. 10. In reductive evolution, how simple sporophytes
evolved from complex primitive forms?
Ans. There occurred a gradual elimination of sterile tissues
such as peristome, colummela, photosynthetic tissue,
multilayered wall, seta and foot during course of evolution.
All these changes lead to a simple and advanced sporophyte
such as that of Riccia.
Q. 11. What is homologous theory of orgin of sporophyte
in bryophytes?
Ans. This homologous theory advocates that sporophyte in
bryophytes originated as direct modification of gametophyte.
Q.12. What is antithetic theory?
Ans. This theory concerning origin of sporophyte in bryophytes
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believes that the gametophyte is the orginal generation and
sporophyte has derived or originated from zygote as a result of
mitosis and delayed meiosis.
Q.13. What is apogamy?
Ans. The phenomenon of development of sporophyte directly
from gametophyte without involving gamets and fertilization.