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A
Amazon rain forest (0° S, 49° W) a large tropical rain forest in the drainage basin of the
Amazon River in northern South America, p. 166
Amazon River (0° S, 49° W) the longest river
in South America, flowing across Brazil into the
Atlantic Ocean, p. 14
Andes Mountains (20° S, 67° W) a mountain
system extending along the western coast of
South America, p. 13
Argentina (34° S, 64° W) a country in South
America, p. 160
Atacama Desert (25° S, 69° W) a desert in
Chile, South America, p. 17
B
Bolivia (17° S, 65° W) a country in South
America, p. 161
Chile (30° S, 71° W) a country in South America,
p. 179
Colombia (4° N, 72° W) a country in South
America, p. 162
Cuba (21° N, 80° W) an island country, the
largest of the Caribbean islands, p. 134
Cuzco (13°31' S, 71°59' W) a city in Peru; capital
of the Incan empire, p. 46
E
El Salvador (13° N, 88° W) a country in Central
America, p. 99
G
Guatemala (15° N, 90° W) a country in Central
America, p. 109
H
Brasília (15°47' S, 47°55' W) the capital city of
Brazil, p. 167
Haiti (19° N, 72° W) a country in the Caribbean
Sea, on the island of Hispaniola, p. 142
Brazil (10° S, 55° W) the largest country in
South America, p. 166
Hispaniola (19° N, 71° W) an island in the
Caribbean Sea, divided between Haiti in the west
and the Dominican Republic in the east, p. 84
C
Canal Zone (9° N, 80° W) a 10-mile wide strip
of land along the Panama Canal, stretching from
the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, once
governed by the United States, p. 120
Caracas (10°30' N, 66°56' W) the capital city of
Venezuela, p.188
I
Isthmus of Panama (9° N, 79° W) the narrow
strip of land in Panama that separates the
Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, p. 116
J
Caribbean Sea (15° N, 73° W) a sea bounded
by the West Indies, Central America, and South
America; part of the Atlantic Ocean, p. 12
Jamaica (18° N, 77° W) an island country in the
Caribbean Sea, p. 131
Central America (11° N, 80° W) the part of
Latin America south of Mexico and north of
South America; it includes the seven republics of
Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, and Belize, p. 12
L
218 Reference
Lake Titicaca (16° S, 69° W) the world’s highest lake on which vessels can travel, located in
the Andes Mountains in South America, p. 87
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Lima (12°03' S, 77°03' W) the capital city of
Peru, p. 175
M
Mexico (23° N, 102° W) a country in North
America, south of the United States, p. 102
Mexico City (19°24' N, 99°09' W) the capital of
and largest city in Mexico; one of the largest
urban areas in the world, p. 105
Miami (25°46' N, 80°11' W) a city in south-eastern Florida, p. 138
Middle America (11° N, 80° W) another term
for Mexico and Central America, p. 11
N
New York City (40°43' N, 74°01' W) a city in
southeastern New York State, p. 150
P
Panama (9° N, 80° W) a country in Central
America, p. 116
Panama Canal (9° N, 79° W) an important
shipping canal across the Isthmus of Panama,
linking the Caribbean Sea (and the Atlantic
Ocean) to the Pacific Ocean, p. 117
Paraguay (23° S, 58° W) a country in South
America, p. 163
Peru (10° S, 76° W) a country in South America,
p. 173
Port-au-Prince (18°32' N, 72°20' W) the capital
city and chief port of Haiti, p. 143
Puerto Rico (18° N, 64° W) an island commonwealth of the United States in the Caribbean
Sea, p. 148
R
Rio de Janeiro (22°55' S, 43°30' W) a major
city in Brazil, p. 167
S
San Juan (18°28' N, 66°07' W) the capital and
largest city in Puerto Rico, p. 152
Santiago (33°27' S, 70°40' W) the capital city
of Chile, p. 183
São Paulo (23°32' S, 46°37' W) the largest city
in Brazil, p. 77
South America (15° S, 60° W) the world’s
fourth-largest continent, bounded by the
Caribbean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the
Pacific Ocean, and linked to North America by
the Isthmus of Panama, p. 13
Strait of Magellan (54° S, 71° W) a waterway
separating mainland South America from the
islands of Tierra del Fuego, at the southernmost
tip of South America, p. 179
T
Tenochtitlán (19°24' N, 99°09' W) the capital
of the Aztec empire, located where modern
Mexico City now stands, p. 42
Tierra del Fuego (54° S, 67° W) an archipelago, or chain of islands, at the southernmost tip
of South America, separated from the mainland
by the Strait of Magellan, p. 180
Trinidad and Tobago (11° N, 61° W) a republic of the West Indies, on the two islands called
Trinidad and Tobago, p. 133
V
Valley of Mexico (19° N, 99° W) the area in
central Mexico where Mexico City is located and
where most of the population lives, p. 42
Venezuela (8° N, 66° W) a country in South
America, p. 188
W
West Indies (19° N, 70° W) the islands of the
Caribbean, p. 82
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