Early Theatre Style Sheet
TableofContents
RevisedMarch2016
PartA:Copy-EditingModernProse
Abbreviations
BooksoftheBible
Capitalization
CitingDrama
CitingMajorPoets
Commas&Dashes
Dates
Ellipses
Font
ForeignLanguages
Images
Italics
LatinTerms
Margins
Numbers
Paragraphs
Periods&Apostrophes
Quotations
Spacing
Spelling
Transcriptions
PartB:End-noteCitationInstructions&Examples
GeneralInstructions
Books
ChaptersinBooks
MultipleVolumes
ArticlesinJournals
Dissertations
ShortEntriesinNotes
REEDVolumes
STCReferences
Manuscripts
OnlineSources
Abbreviations:
Commonabbreviations,includingthosewhichmayoccurinREEDvolumes,arelistedbelow.Avoid
extraneouspunctuation.Asageneralrule,ifanabbreviationendsmid-word,useaperiod(egvol.
forvolume).Butiftheabbreviationendsinthelastletteroftheword,noperiod(eg=edn,for
“edition”,vols,for“volumes”).
WhencitingsourcessuchastheOEDorDNB,writeoutthetitleinfullatfirstmention,followedbythe
acronym:OxfordEnglishDictionaryOnline(OED).Ifyouhavereferencestoboththeonlineandthe
printversionsofanysource(asforinstancetheOEDorDNB),pleasealerttheeditorsbeforethe
copyeditingstage.
Aantiquariancompilation
ACantiquariancollection
ambeforenoon
ANAnglo-Norman
bborn
BLBritishLibrary
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ndnodate
nfnofoliation
n,nnnote(s)
no(s)number(s)
npnoplace
npubnopublisher
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BodlBodleianLibrary
cacirca
c.century
comp(s)compiler(s)
ddorse
d.died
ed.Editor
edsEditors
ednEdition
EEBOEarlyEnglishBooksOnline
EETSEarlyEnglishTextSociety
esextraseries
ESTC:EnglishShortTitleCatalogue
f,fffolio(s)
facsfacsimile
gened(s)generaleditor(s)
introintroduction
l,llline(s)
mb(s)membrane(s)
MEMiddleEnglish
MLMedievalLatin
MS,MSSmanuscript(s)
nsnewseries
NANationalArchives
(formerlyPROPublicRecordOffice)OED
OxfordEnglishDictionary
osoldseries
pmafternoon
p,pppage(s)
parparagraph
prefpreface
pt(s)part(s)
rrecto
rev(s)reviser(s),revised
rptreprint
sdstagedirection
serseries
sssupplementaryseries
STCShortTitleCatalogue,Pollard/Redgrave
printedition(seealsoESTC)
trans.translator(s),translation
transcrtranscriber(s)
vverso
VCHVictoriaCountyHistory
vol.volume
volsvolumes
BooksoftheBible:
Punctuation:Mt10:5-10,2Cor5:2-6
Capitalization:
Onlycapitalizepropernames(eg,KingJamesorQueenElizabeth),propertitles(eg,DeanHuttonor
King(ifthatisthecharacter’sname),andcasesinwhichconfusionmightresultiflowercasewere
used(eg,SpiritforHolySpirit,todifferentiatefromspiritasahumancharacteristic).
Guildnamesarerenderedas'Bakers'guild',butindividualmembersofaguilddonothavetheir
occupationcapitalized(eg,JohnWhitmore,baker).'Jr'and'Sr',however,followinganameare
capitalizedandsetoffwithcommas,eg,CharlesH.Donohue,Jr,isamemberoftheBakers’guild.
Usecapitalsforthefollowing:MiddleAges,Renaissance,Reformation,Restoration,and
Enlightenment.
Uselowercasefor:medieval,civilwar,earlymodern.
Uselowercaseonoffices(eg,attorneygeneral,masteroftherevels,andprivycouncil).
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Quotedmaterialcanretainitscapitalization(eg,Hamletsays‘Gettheetoanunnery’,not‘[g]etthee
toanunnery’).Wealsomakeexceptionsforwordswewouldnotnormallycapitalizeiftheyappear
capitalizedinquotedmaterial.
Capitalizeallwordsintitles,exceptforarticlesandconjunctions.Thisruleappliestoalltitles,
includingtitlesofmanuscriptsandearlybooks,withtheexceptionoflengthysub-titlesofearly
worksandforeigntitles(seeForeignLanguagesbelow).Donotaddcapitalstoquotedphrases
withintitles.Usecapitalsforhyphenatedwordsintitles:Twice-ChangedFriarNOTTwice-changed
Friar.
Ibidisnotautomaticallycapitalizedunlessitappearsatthebeginningofasentence.
Generally,thefollowingstyleshouldbeadopted:
• thedeanofYork-DeanHutton
• thefeastoftheTranslationofStWilliam
• Protestant
• puritan
• RomanCatholic
• CorpusChristiDay
• thecollegesofOxford-ExeterCollege
• thesheriffofChester-SheriffHardware
• thevirginqueen-QueenElizabeth
• themayor-MayorScawsby
SmallCapitals:Usesmallcapsforallstandardacronyms(EEBO,LION,HTML,REED,OED,DNB).
Speechprefixesshouldappearinsmallcaps.Noperiodafterspeechprefix,onlytwospaces,then
speech.Pleasenotethatthisistheonlyexceptiontotheruleofonespacebetweenwordsand
sentences.
DonotusesmallcapsforstateabbreviationsortoabbreviatejournaltitleslikeStudiesinEnglish
LiteratureandEnglishLiteraryHistory.Insteadspelloutthenameofthejournaltitlesinfull.
CitingDrama:
Punctuation:Giveact,scene,andlinenumbersinarabic;eg,HenryIV,PartOne2.4.432,orthe
standardabbreviation,1H42.4.432.Useparentheticalcitationsforplay-references;donotput
act/scene/linereferencesintheend-notes.Thefirstreferencetoaplay,however,shouldhaveboth
anoteprovidingthesourceandaparentheticalcitationgivingtheact,scene,lineorpage
information.
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Whencitingstagedirections,usethesimplestformatasfollowsforcitingastagedirection(sdno
punctuation)whetherinalineordirectlybeneathaline.Here,quotingfromM.L.Wine'seditionof
Marston'sTheDutchCourtesan:
SOURCE:
FREEVILKissher,man,withamorefamiliaraffection.So![Freevil
kissesFrancheschina.]--Come,whatentertainment?Goto
yourlute.
ExitFranceschina.
CITING:
FreevilordersMalheureuxtokisstheDutchcourtesanbyshowinghimhow:'Freevilkisses
Francheschina'(1.2.84-5sd).
SOURCE
FREEVILOh,yes.,[ToPage.]Come,via!Away,boy!On!
Exit,hisPagelightinghim.
[Re-]enterFreevillandseemstooverhearMalheureux.
CITING:
Malheureuxspeaks,thinkingheisalone,butFreevillsneakily'seemstooverhear'him(1.2.123.2
sd)=fromact1,scene2,thesecondstagedirectionafterline123.
Whenincorporatingblockquotationsofdialogueputthespeaker’snameinsmallcapswithno
punctuationafterit,followedbyanemspace,andthenthefirstlineofdialogue.Subsequentlinesof
thesamespeechshouldbeindentedbyonetab.Parentheticalcitationsofoffsetmaterial(when
theyoccur)shouldbeonetabpasttherightmarginofthequote,eitheronthelastlineofthequoted
material(spacepermitting)oronanewline.
Whenreferringtoanactandscenewithintheproseofthearticle,usenumbersanddonot
capitalize,ie,‘Inact5…’Forsignaturenumbers,pleaseindicatebothrectoandverso,butdonot
superscripttheabbreviationsforthesedesignations.
Example:
MOLOSSOBotheryetalive,themischief’sdonealready,
Butnotthevengeance,thoushaltthatbehold,
Tillthenthere’smotheringcanbecall’drevenge:
Goebringu’mSango,thoughhasthadthyfill.
SANGOOfNectar,sweeterfarthanthatofIove.
(H1v)
MedievalDrama:Theso-called'cycles'arenotreallypartofthetitlesofthesegroupsofplays.
RefertoYork,Chester,Towneley,orN-Townas'plays':Yorkplays,Chesterplays,etc.Youmayuse
'cycle'withYorkorChester,butonlylowercased(eg,Yorkcycle)giventhatcycle,thougha
convenientterm,isnotaformalororiginaltitleofthecollectionofpageants.
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Forindividualplays,refertothetitlesinyoursourcetext(eg,LumianskyandMills,TheChester
MysteryCycle;Beadle,TheYorkPlays),traditionallycitedinvariouswaysdependingoncontext(eg,
Chester's'TheShepherds'ortheChesterShepherdsplay).NotethatShepherdsisplural(thereare
3shepherds),notpossessive.Ifyouquoteaspeech-headingwithdialoguefromaneditionofthe
plays,thenciteasinthetext:PASTOR1,orSHEPHERD1,butifreferringonlytoalltheshepherds
singingtogether,forexample,noinitialcapitalisrequired.Thatis,distinguishbetweenan
individualspeakerandactionbyunnamedcharacters.Capitalsarereservedforpropernamesof
characters,speech-headings,orplay-typesbasedonevents:theCrucifixion(thespecificoccasionof
Jesus'sdeath)vscrucifixion(punishmentmetedouttocriminals).InreferringtotheplayinYork,
Chester,N-Town,orelsewhere,theShepherdsortheShepherdsplayorpageantdenotestheplaytype;similarly,Crucifixion,Nativity,Buffeting,Trial,andsoon.
If,asinYork,theplayorpageanthasaspecifiedtitle,eg,'TheDreamofPilate'sWife',thenusethat
titleinquotationmarks.ThesoleexceptionisSecundaPastorem,orTheSecondShepherdsPlay;that
is,thesecondplayabouttheshepherds.Itisafull-lengthplayonitsown,andwasprobablynever
presentedina'cycle',butratheronlyasaChristmasshow.
Theplaysinsomecollectionsarenumbered(eg,Chester):usethenumbertohelpidentifytheplay,
asin(7.46)=Play7['TheShepherds'],line46.
ForusefulexamplesofthisREED-basedsystemofcitation,seeTheChesterCycleinContext,1555–
1575:Religion,Drama,andtheImpactofChange,edsJ.Dell,D.Klausner,andH.Ostovich(Ashgate,
2012).
CitingMajorPoets/Poetry
Whencitingmajorworksofpoetry(suchasParadiseLostorTheFaerieQueene)youmayshorten
thetitletoPLorFQafterthefirstreference.
Punctuation:Giveabbreviatedtitle,booknumber(ifapplicable),cantonumber(ifapplicable),
followedbylinesnumbers(egFQIII.iv.46-54).Useparentheticalcitationsforpoetryreferences;do
notputbooknumber,cantonumber,andlinenumbersintheend-notes.Thefirstreferencetoa
poem,however,shouldhavebothanoteprovidingthesourceandaparentheticalcitationgiving
thecanto,book,and/orlinenumber.
Commas&Dashes:
Commas:Removeunnecessarycommas,butuseacommabefore'and','or',and'but'inaseries
ofthreeormoreitems.
Examples:
• HeheldlandinDorset,Devon,andCornwall.
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•
•
•
•
UnliketheYorkplaysthoseoftheTowneleymanuscriptseemtobecollectedfrom
severalsources.
Shecouldnotdance,sing,orplaygames.
Clearlytheevidenceindicatestheparishsponsoredplays.
In1588Englandwaspoor,weak,butdetermined.
Usecommastosetoffcountynamesappearingaftercitynamesbutdonotuseacommatoseparate
partsofacompoundsentencejoinedbyaconjunction.
Examples:
• RichardThomaswasanativeofShrewsbury,Shropshire,andfirstbecamemayorin
1560.
• RichardThomaswasanativeofShrewsburyandfirstbecamemayorin1560.
• RichardThomas,anativeofShrewsbury,Shropshire,firstbecamemayorin1560.
Asageneralrule,followTheChicagoManualofStyle,16thed.,optingforthe'openstyle'.
Dash:Useanendash(equivalenttohyphen)betweenfigures(eg,1306-7,42-3).Useanemdash
spacedtosetoffparentheticalmaterial:itdemarcatesaparentheticalthought—likethisone—or
somesimilarinterpolation.
Pleasenote:donothyphenatetheword‘onstage’.
Dates:
Theformatis1January1546,forexample,andJanuary1452,withoutpunctuation.Use'the1920s'
withoutanapostrophe,butwriteout'thethirties'.UseacommainMonday,1January.Writeoutthe
namesofmonthsinfull.
Ellipses:
Usethreeunspaceddotswithonespaceoneithersideforamedialellipsis=eg...Donotuse
squarebracketsaroundellipses.Useclosingpunctuationiftheellipsiscomesattheendofa
sentence.Generally,youshoulduseonlymedialellipsis;avoidopeningorclosingellipsis.
Font:
Avoidusingmultiplefonts.OnlyuseTimesNewRoman12pt.
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ForeignLanguages:
ForeignwordsnotinOEDshouldbeitalicized.Shortforeignphrasesthatarenotquotationsshould
alsobeitalicized.Quotedphrases,sentences,orparagraphsinforeignlanguagesshouldNOTbe
italicized;instead,theyshouldappearinthenon-italicizedoriginallanguageinstandardTimesNew
Roman12ptfont.Directlyaftertheoriginallanguagequotation,anEnglishtranslationshould
appearinbrackets.
Foreignlanguagetitlesofworksshouldfollowsentence-stylecapitalizationrulesasoutlinedinthe
16theditionofTheChicagoManualofStylesections16,8.156,and11.30.Onlythefirstwordofa
title,thefirstwordofanysubtitle,andanypropernounsshouldbecapitalized.
Images:
Greyscaleimagesmustbe300DPIandatleastthreeincheswide(or900pixels).
Linedrawings,suchaswoodcutsormusicalscoreswithnogreyscale(justblackandwhite),must
be1200DPIandatleastthreeincheswide(or3600pixels).
Colourimageswillbeprintedattheauthor’sexpense.Normallyweprintonlyblackandwhiteor
greyscaleimages.However,ifyouarewillingtopaytheextracostsofcolourprinting,each
gatheringoffourpagesincolourwillcost$500.Youmayhavefourfull-sizephotos;eighthalf-size;
etc.Evenifonlyonepageisacolourphotograph,thecostremains$500.Imagesmustbe300DPI
andatleastsixincheswide.
Imagefilesshouldbesavesinoneofthefollowingformats(indescendingpreference):.tiff,.jpg,
.bmp,.gif,.pdf,or.png.Pleasesendimagesasseparatefiles,notembeddedinMSWord,
PowerPoint,orotherfiles.
Italics:
Whenquotingfrommanuscripts,italicsshouldbeusedtoindicateMSexpansions(andshouldbe
preservedwhenquotingfromthetextofREEDvolumes,whereitalicsservethesamepurpose).
Italicsshouldalsoberetainedwhenquotingpassageswithitalicizedwordsinearlyprintedbooks
(REEDprintstheseinRomantype)andindocumentdescriptionsoftitle-pagesofearlyprinted
bookstorepresentitalicsthere.Bold-faceisonlyusedinessaystoindicatethearticletitleor
subtitles.Foritalicizinguntranslatedforeignwordsandphrases,seeForeignLanguages,above.
LatinTerms:
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UseofLatininnotesisdiscouraged.Donotuse'loc.cit.'or'op.cit.';insteaduseshorttitleofthe
bookreferredto(seecitationinstructionsfor‘ShortEntriesinNotes’).Exception:ibidfor
immediatelysequentialnotes.
CommonLatinabbreviationssuchas'etc','eg',and'ie'aresetinRomantypewithoutperiodsbut
shouldbeavoidedwhenpossible.
Margins:
Marginsforallpagesmustbesetatoneinchor2.54cmallthewayaround.
Numbers:
Wherepossibleintheessay(thatis,wherenoinconsistencywouldoccurinreferringtoaseriesof
numbers),thefollowingarespelledoutinordinarytext(writteninfull):wholenumbersfromone
throughninety-nine.Fornumbers100andlarger,usenumerals.
Usethefewestpossiblenumbersexceptforthe'teens':88,88-9,800-1,but18-19.Romannumerals
mustbewritteninfull:xx-xxiiandccxx-ccxxii.Insterlingsums,thereisnospaceandno
punctuationbetweenthenumberandthedenomination,eg,22d,8s.
Usecommasinfive-digitnumbers(eg,20,000).
Paragraphs:
Donotindentthefirstlineofthefirstparagraphofanytextorseparatesectionthereof.Indentall
subsequentparagraphs.Donotinsertextralinesbetweenparagraphs.IfyouareusingMicrosoft
Office2007,pleaseensureitisadjustedproperly.Turnoffthe‘WidowsandOrphans’setting,asthe
journaltypesetterwilltrytokeeptexttogetherwherenecessary.
Donotusefulljustification.Setjustificationatleftonly.
Periods&Apostrophes:
Usesparinglyandomitafterstandardabbreviationswiththeexceptionofl.(line);ll.(lines);d.
(died),contrastd(dorse);c.(century),contrastca(circa).AbbreviationssuchasMr,Dr,St,Co,Inc,
Ltd,am,pm,no(not#)donotrequirepunctuation.
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Singlepossessivesshouldbeformedwith’sinallinstances,inkeepingwiththe16theditionofThe
ChicagoManualofStyle.
Quotations:
Quotationsthatofferonlypartoftheoriginalsentence–aword,phrase,orsomeotherunit–will
beenclosedbysinglequotationmarks,withend-punctuationoutsidethequotationmark,with
theexceptionnotedbelow;butifyouquoteanentiresentence,theend-punctuationmaybeinside
thefinalquotationmark.Ifindoubt,puttheend-punctuation(aperiod,eg)outsidethe
quotationmark.
Examples:‘Thissaladislabelled“fresh”,butwhatdoesthatreallymean?’‘Andfinallyinafrenzyof
grief,Learrails,“Whyshouldadog,ahorse,arat,havelife,/Andthounobreathatall?”’(5.3.306).
‘Nothingwillcomeofnothing;speakagain’(1.1.92),Leardemands.
AllquotationsmustbecheckedagainsttheirprintedorMSsourcesandshouldcorrespondexactly
inspelling,capitalization,andinternalpunctuation.Donotindentquotationsseveraltabs,or
usedouble-sidedindentation(fromeithermargin).Setyourindentedquotationsfromtheleft
onetab.
Speechprefixesshouldappearinsmallcaps,withnoperiodafterthespeechprefix,andfollowed
bytwospacesbeforethespeech.Pleasenotethatthisistheonlyexceptiontotheruleofone
spacebetweenwordsandsentences.
Shortquotations(ie,underfivelines)shouldberunoninthetext,withtheexceptionofpoetry
(includingversedrama),whichshouldbesetoffwhenmorethantwolinesarequoted.Displayed
indentedquotationsshouldbeindentedwithalinespaceaboveandbelow.
Spacing:
Donotinsertextraspaces.Onlyuseonespacebetweenwordsandbetweensentences.
Alltext(includingindentedquotes,notes,andappendices)shouldbedouble-spaced.Donotinsert
extraspacesbetweenparagraphs.
Spelling:
ThestyleisbasicallyCanadianspelling,favouring'ize'over'ise',withtheseexceptions:
acknowledgment(s)andjudgment.
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Transcriptions:
TranscriptionsfromMSSshouldberenderedaccordingtoREEDguidelinesusingitalicsfor
expansions.AllpreviouslyunpublishedtranscriptionsmustbecheckedintheREEDoffice.Sendyour
electroniccopyofunpublishedmanuscriptsfromwhichyouquote,and/ordigitalphotographsas
soonasyourarticleisaccepted.Trytoanticipatecorrecttranscriptionpracticebyconsultingthe
paleographyfile.
GeneralInstructionsforEnd-Notes:
Givefullbibliographicinformationforbooks,articles,etc,whentheyarefirstcited.Pagenumbers
followdirectlyafterthepublicationinformation(whichisinparentheses)withnouseofporpp.All
informationshouldbesuppliedinthenotes.DonotincludeaWorksCitedpage.
Allnotesshouldbepreparedasend-notes.Notesshouldcorrespondtoconsecutive,
superscriptnumbersinthearticle.Theyshouldalsobedouble-spaced.
Examples:
9VCH:Herefordshire,1.409.
10ThedeaneriesandarchdeaconriesareindicatedregularlyintheConsistoryCourtActsof
Office(describedon18-21).
11NA:E36/229,ff73-82.
Giveshortreferences(author's/editor'snameandtitleorshorttitle)foritemspreviouslyreferred
toinfullinthenotes.Theseshortreferencesarefollowedbyacomma,andthenthepagenumbers.
TitlesofarticlesareenclosedinsinglequotesandsetinRoman;titlesofbooksandjournalsare
italicized.Ifyouhaveastringofimmediatelysequentialreferencestothesameauthor/title,then
use'Ibid',followedbyacommaifcitinganewpagenumber.Ifthereisagapbetweensubsequent
references,thenyoumustreturntoauthor/shorttitle/page.Ifyouarefrequentlycitingdramaor
poetry,pleasereferbacktooursectionon‘CitingDrama’or‘CitingPoetry’above.
Exampleofnoteseries:
4DavidKnowlesandR.NevilleHadcock,MedievalReligiousHouses:EnglandandWales
(London,1971),69.
5Ibid.
6Ibid,68.
7C.A.J.Skeel,'TheCounciloftheMarchesintheSeventeenthCentury',EnglishHistorical
Review30(1915),22.
8KnowlesandHadcock,MedievalReligiousHouses,69.
9Skeel,'TheCounciloftheMarches',22.
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10Ibid,45.
11JamesF.Hoy,'RecordsofDramaticActivityinMedievalYork:aTranslatedCollection',
PhDthesis(UniversityofMissouri,1970),10.
12JoanThirsk(ed.),TheAgrarianHistoryofEnglandandWales,8vols(Cambridge,1967),
4.186.
Forpunctuation,seeChicagoManualofStyleandexamplesbelow.
Books:
MaryDormerHarris,TheHistoryoftheDrapers'CompanyofCoventry(Coventry,nd),20.
Fortitlesofbookreviewsonly,includepublisherinformation,givingonlythefirstcityof
publicationlisted:EugeneGiddens.HowtoReadaShakespeareanPlayText.Cambridge:Cambridge
UniversityPress,2011.Ppix,187.
ChaptersinBooks:
JohnH.Harvey,'RichardIIandYork',F.R.H.DuBoulayandCarolineM.Barron(eds),TheReignof
RichardII:EssaysinHonourofMayMcKisack(London,1971),202-17.
BookswithMultipleVolumes:
Forabookwithtwoormorevolumes:
JoanThirsk(ed.),TheAgrarianHistoryofEnglandandWales,8vols(Cambridge,1967),4.186.
Forsubsequentcitations:
Thirsk,TheAgrarianHistoryofEnglandandWales,4.67.
ArticlesinJournals:
C.A.J.Skeel,'TheCounciloftheMarchesintheSeventeenthCentury',EnglishHistoricalReview30
(1915),22.
ThomasHughes,'StGeorge'sDayatChester',TheCheshireSheaf,1stser,1(1879),204-5.
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ElaineTrehairne,‘TristisAmor:AnUnpublishedVerseLoveLetterfromLadyElizabethDacre
HowardtoSirAnthonyCooke’,RenaissanceStudies26.5(November2012),673-90,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-4658.2011.00765.x.
Donotabbreviatejournaltitles.Instead,writeoutofthenameofthejournalinfull.
Dissertations:
JamesF.Hoy,'RecordsofDramaticActivityinMedievalYork:aTranslatedCollection',PhDthesis
(UniversityofMissouri,1970),10.
ShortEntryfromSameSourceinEnd-notes:
Forimmediatelysequentialnotes,useibidandpage(egibid,76).Otherwise,useauthorandshort
titleforlaternotes.
FullCitation:DavidKnowlesandR.NevilleHadcock,MedievalReligiousHouses:EnglandandWales
(London,1971),69.
ShortCitation:KnowlesandHadcock,MedievalReligiousHouses,216and225.
Forfurtherexamplesrefertoourgeneralinstructions.
REEDVolumes:
Theorderofinformationshouldbeasfollows:
AlanH.Nelson(ed.),REED:Cambridge(Toronto,1989),1.316.
Thatis,thevolumenumberprecedesthepagenumberusingthisformat.Theimmediately
subsequentnotewouldbesimplyIbid,2.415.Ifthereisagapbetweenreferencestothissame
author/title,thenthecorrectnotationwouldbeNelson,REED:Cambridge,1.25.
ForreferencestoaREEDvolumeforthcoming:
BarbaraD.PalmerandJohnWasson,Derbyshire,forthcomingintheREEDseries.
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STCandWingReferences:
ForreferencestopagesinbooksthatappearintheSTCorWing,placeallthepublication
informationtogether,inbrackets,beforegivingthesignatureorpagenumber:(London,1588;STC:
12345),B2ror(London,1702;Wing:56789),33.
Manuscripts:
ManuscriptcitationsgenerallylistthenameoftheholdinglibraryfollowedbyMSandthe
manuscriptnumberassignedbythearchive.
Initialmanuscriptcitationsshouldincludethenameofthelibraryinfull:
BritishLibraryAddMS10309.
NewYorkPublicLibraryDrexelMS4041.
BodleianRawlisonMS291.
Subsequentmanuscriptcitationsshouldabbreviate:
BLAddMS10309.
NYPLDrexelMS4041.
BodlRawlMS291.
OnlineSources:
Forreferencestowebsitesoronlinesources,useaDOIwhenavailable.DOIs(digitalobject
identifiers)arepreferabletoURLs,becausetheyprovideauniqueandmorestableidentificationof
thesource.
Often,theDOIispresentinthepublisher’sbibliographiccitation.Ifthisisnotthecase,authors
mustuseCrossRef’sDOILookupTooltocheckeachcitedworktoensureitdoesnotcarryaDOI.
Thistoolisavailableinthe“MetadataSearch”windowat<http://www.crossref.org/>.
HereisoneexampleofhowtoformataDOIendnotecitation:
SarahSalih,'StagingConversion:theDigbySaintPlaysandTheBookofMargeryKempe',
SamanthaJ.E.RichesandSarahSalih(eds),GenderandHoliness:Men,Women
andSaintsinLateMedievalEurope(London,2002),128,
http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203994603.
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Foradditionalexamples,aswellasmoreinformationonhowtosearchforandreferenceDOIs,
pleaseconsultourStyleSheetSupplementonthistopic:
https://earlytheatre.org/public/journals/3/Style_Sheet_Supplement_on_DOIs.pdf
Foronlinesourcesaccessibleonlythroughsubscription,suchastheDNBorOED,omitURLs.Omit
accessdatesforallonlinesources.
Forwell-knowndatabaseswithacronyms,suchasTheOxfordEnglishDictionaryorTheDictionary
ofNationalBiography,usesmallcapsanditalicsfortheacronym:OED,DNB.Writeoutthefulltitle
alongwiththeacronyminthefirstreference,anduseonlytheacronyminsubsequentreferences:
EarlyEnglishBooksOnline(EEBO).
Example:
DudleyNorth,AForestofVarieties(1645),EEBO,92.
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