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RSX VIGIMZI QSRI] JVSQ XLI XSFEGGS MRHYWXV]
)EVP] SR XLI XL .ERYEV] 8VYQER KEZI ER SVHIV
VIPEXMRK XS XLI XLIVQSRYGPIEV TVSKVEQ [LMGL
JEZSYVIH XLI TVSHYGXMSR SJ XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF
8LI [EV ERH YRGIVXEMRX] EFSYX XLI GETEFMPMX] SJ
,MXPIV ERH PEXIV XLI 7SZMIX 9RMSR XS TVSHYGI E
L]HVSKIR FSQF JSVGIH QER] WGMIRXMWXW MRXS E
TSWMXMSR XLEX XLI] [SYPH LEZI GLSWIR SRP] MR WYGL
ER IQIVKIRG]
%RH XS FI EFPI XS VINSMGI EX XLI KVIEX EGUYMIWGIRGI
%X HIEXL [LMGL GYVIW NS] ERH TEMR
- JMRMWLIH Q] GSRZIVWEXMSR [MXL )H[EVH 8IPPIV F]
VIEHMRK TSIQW JSV SZIV ER LSYV JVSQ TIEVPW SJ
,YRKEVMER PMXIVEXYVI
--- 8IPPIV [MXL XLI LIPT SJ RSXIW JVSQ
'LIR 2MRK =ERK
-R ERW[IV XS Q] UYIWXMSR SJ [LEX LMW EXXMXYHI [EW
XS[EVHW XLI XMXPI ´8LI JEXLIV SJ XLI L]HVSKIR FSQFµ
,I ERW[IVIH
´- [SVOIH SR XLMW UYMXI E PSX - FIPMIZI XLEX MJ - LEHR·
X HSRI MX XLI 7SZMIXW [SYPH LEZI HSRI XLI WEQI
XLMRK ER][E] ERH - HSR·X XLMRO XLEX XLI VIWYPXW
[SYPH LEZI FIIR ZIV] RMGI
- [SVOIH SR XLMW RSX FIGEYWI MX [EW MRXIVIWXMRK FIPMIZIH XLEX MX [EW RIGIWWEV] ERH JYVXLIVQSVI MX
[EW RSX SRP] Q] [SVO XLIVI [IVI QER] [LS
[SVOIH SR XLMW *VSQ Q] )YVSTIER FEGOKVSYRH MX
JSPPS[IH XLEX - HMH RSX PMOI 6YWWMER 'SQQYRMWQ µ
- LEZI XVMIH XS HIWGVMFI XLI WYVVSYRHMRK EXQSWTLIVI
MR [LMGL XLI X[S JEQSYW TL]WMGMWXW ' 2 =ERK ERH
) 8IPPIV PMZIH ERH [SVOIH [MXL XLI LIPT SJ
¶7)0)'8)( 4%4)67
;MXL
'SQQIRXEV]
·
8LMW MW E GSPPIGXMSR SJ WSQI SJ 'LIR 2MRK =ERK·W
TETIVW ERH XLI WXSVMIW EFSYX WIZIVEP WGMIRXMWXW MR 8LI
'SPPIGXIH ;SVOW SJ ' 2 =ERK
MR 'LMRIWI
8LI XVERWPEXMSR JVSQ 'LMRIWI [EW HSRI F] 'LIRK .M
'LERK
8LI FSSO [LMGL [EW TYFPMWLIH JSV =ERK·W WM\XMIXL
FMVXLHE] MW ER I\GIPPIRX LMWXSVMGEP HIWGVMTXMSR SJ XLI
HIZIPSTQIRX SJ TL]WMGW [MXL GSRGVIXI HEXE ERH
HIWGVMTXMSRW
- XVMIH XS GLSSWI TEVXW SJ XLI [LSPI XEPO XETIH F]
ZMHIS XLEX - GSRWMHIVIH MRXIVIWXMRK *SV QI MX [EW E
KVIEX LSRSYV XS PMWXIR XS XLI TSIXV] [LMGL 8IPPIV
[VSXI [LIR LI [EW EFSYX
]IEVW SPH 8LMW
WLS[W E HIIT JIIPMRK
8IPPIV·W TSIXV] XVERWPEXIH F] 1EVKMX +VMKSV]
(YVMRK XLI ]IEVW JVSQ
XS
EX XLI
9RMZIVWMX] SJ 'LMGEKS XLI WXYHIRX 'LIR 2MRK =ERK
[VSXI LMW 4L ( XLIWMW ´3R XLI %RKYPEV
(MWXVMFYXMSR MR 2YGPIEV 6IEGXMSRW ERH 'SMRGMHIRGI
1IEWYVIQIRXWµ YRHIV XLI KYMHERGI SJ 4VSJIWWSV )
8IPPIV
8S WIIO XS I\TIGX XS HIWMVI RSXLMRK
8S PSZI XS HIWMVI XS VIQEMR EPSRI
8S PSSO EX XLI [SVPH [MXL I]IW GPSWIH
8S WII [LEX RS QER LEW WIIR FIJSVI
8S PSZI XS EHSVI LSP] TYVMX]
8LI [MRH XLI GPSYHW XLI WYR ERH XLI HVIEQ
8S HS XLI VMKLX XLMRK RSX JSV WQEPP GLERKI
2SV JSV SXLIV[SVPHP] IXIVREP WEPZEXMSR
8S ORS[ XLEX XLIVI MW RS KSEP
8S ORS[ XLEX XLIVI MW RS +SH
8S FI EJVEMH XLEX TIVLETW XLIVI MW RS NYWXMGI
8S ORS[ XLEX XLSYKLX MW ITLIQIVEP XLI [MPP MW
[IEO
8LEX - EQ HITIRHIRX SR FPMRH GLERGI
%RH ]IX [MXL WXYFFSVR LSTI WXMPP WXMPP XS FIPMIZI
8LEX [LEX - EGGSQTPMWL MW RSX MR ZEMR
-R
=ERK GEPPIH 8IPPIV ERH EWOIH MJ LI GSYPH
[SVO [MXL LMQ 8LI] EKVIIH XS QIIX MR JVSRX SJ XLI
QEMR HSSV SJ XLI 4L]WMGW (ITEVXQIRX %X XLEX XMQI
XLI FYMPHMRK [EW WXMPP SGGYTMIH F] XLI EVQ] FIGEYWI
SJ XLI EXSQ FSQF VIWIEVGL
;LIR 8IPPIV [EW E ]SYRK WXYHIRX MR +IVQER] LI
LEH ER EGGMHIRX ERH LI PSWX SRI SJ LMW PIKW [LMGL
QIERX XLEX E TEVXMGYPEV [EPOMRK RSMWI WMKREPIH XLEX
LI [EW GSQMRK HS[R XLI WXEMVW
´%VI ]SY =ERK#µ LI EWOIH ´=IW µ =ERK ERW[IVIH
8IPPIV EWOIH =ERK EFSYX XLI KVSYRH WXEXI [EZI
JYRGXMSR SJ XLI L]HVSKIR EXSQ =ERK LEH WXYHMIH
5YERXYQ 1IGLERMGW MR 'LMRE ERH XLIVIJSVI XLMW
ZIV] JYRHEQIRXEP ORS[PIHKI [EW IEW] JSV LMQ
´+SSHµ 8IPPIV WEMH ERH =ERK [EW EGGITXIH
8IPPIV LEH QER] WXYHIRXW ERH LI LIPTIH XLIQ E PSX
,MW XLSYKLXW [IVI ZIV] HMZIVWI ERH LI [EW EP[E]W
VIEH] XS XIPP IZIV]FSH] EFSYX XLIQ ,I YWYEPP] KEZI
XLI WXYHIRXW SRI TVSNIGX IZIV] [IIO ;LIR XLI]
XEPOIH XS LMQ EFSYX XLI TVSNIGXW XLI JSPPS[MRK [IIO
LI YWYEPP] LEH JSVKSXXIR XLI TVSNIGXW LI KEZI
,I [EW EP[E]W JYPP SJ FSXL GSRGIMZEFPI ERH
MRGSRGIMZEFPI MHIEW VSYKLP] XIR IZIV] HE]
,S[IZIV
SJ XLIQ [IVI [VSRK &YX MX HSIW RSX
QEXXIV FIGEYWI MJ ER]SRI LEW LEPJ E KSSH MHIE IZIV]
HE] XLI EGLMIZIQIRX [MPP IZIRXYEPP] FI KVIEX ,MW
WX]PI MQTVIWWIH =ERK HIITP]
;LIR =ERK LEH NYWX EVVMZIH EX 'LMGEKS 8IPPIV [EW
XIEGLMRK 5YERXYQ 1IGLERMGW %W LI LEH E PSX SJ
[SVO XS HS LI HMH RSX LEZI XMQI XS TVITEVI LMW
PIGXYVIW ERH WSQIXMQIW LI QEHI QMWXEOIW MR LMW
PIGXYVIW %JXIV XIR QMRYXIW XLI EFIVVEXMSR [SYPH
FIGSQI HMWEWXVSYW ERH MR XLIWI WMXYEXMSRW SRI GSYPH
PIEVR LS[ E WIRMSV TL]WMGMWX WSPZIH E TVSFPIQ
8LMW TVSGIWW [EW ZIV] IHYGEXMSREP JSV =ERK
8LVSYKL XLMW OMRH SJ GSRXEGX =ERK YRHIVWXSSH [LEX
[EW MQTSVXERX ERH YRMQTSVXERX JSV LMQ
*SV 8IPPIV XLI QIERMRK SJ ER IUYEXMSR [EW QSVI
MQTSVXERX XLER XLI IUYEXMSR MXWIPJ
-R XLI EYXYQR SJ
=ERK WXEVXIH XS [SVO MR
4VSJIWWSV 7 / %PPMWSR·W PEFSVEXSV] ;LIR LI
I\TIVMIRGIH HMJJMGYPXMXIW [MXL LMW I\TIVMQIRX XS
VIWSPZI XLI 4 4 WXEXIW SJ ,I 8IPPIV WYKKIWXIH
XLEX =ERK WLSYPH EFERHSR LMW TPER XS [VMXI ER
I\TIVMQIRXEP XLIWMW ERH MRWXIEH 8IPPIV [SYPH
WTSRWSV LMW TETIVW EW =ERK·W XLIWMW =ERK [EW EX
JMVWX HMWLIEVXIRIH F] XLI MHIE FYX MR E JI[ HE]W
VIGSZIVIH ERH EGGITXIH 8IPPIV·W WYKKIWXMSR [MXL
VIPMIJ
8IPPIV·W LEFMX [EW XS YWI GSRZIVWEXMSR EW ER
MRWXVYQIRX SJ WGMIRXMJMG MRZIWXMKEXMSR ,I [SYPH EWO
E GVYGMEP UYIWXMSR ERH XLIR LI PSSOIH JSV E TEVXRIV
XS [SVO [MXL LMQ SR XLI I\TPEREXMSR =ERK
FIPSRKIH XS XLMW KVSYT SJJ ERH SR JSV EFSYX X[S
]IEVW
=ERK PIEVRIH QSVI KVSYT XLISV] JVSQ 8IPPIV [LS
[EW NYWX EFSYX XLMVX] ERH LEH ER MRXYMXMZI KVEWT SJ
XLI ETTPMGEXMSR SJ KVSYT XLISV] MR EXSQMG ERH
QSPIGYPEV TL]WMGW
8IPPIV QEHI XLI WYKKIWXMSR XS XVIEX XLI VIPEXMZMWXMG
GEWI MR HIGE]
´- WXMPP VIQIQFIV XLI JMVWX TVSFPIQ 8IPPIV EWOIH QI
XS [SVO SR XLI HMJJIVIRGI SJ XLI / GETXYVI PMJIXMQIW
SJ &I ERH &I 3 GV]WXEPWµ ' 2 =ERK
8IPPIV WYKKIWXIH XS =ERK XS YWI XLI ;MKRIV 7IMX^
QIXLSH JSV GV]WXEP EREP]WMW ERH XLI 8LSQEW *IVQM
(MVEG QIXLSH JSV IWXMQEXMRK XLI IPIGXVSR HIRWMXMIW
8LI [SVO [EW RSX TYFPMWLIH FIGEYWI =ERK LEH RS
GSRJMHIRGI EFSYX XLI ZEPMHMX] SJ GERGIPPEXMSRW
FIX[IIR PEVKI XIVQW MR XLI JMREP VIWYPXW
8EPOMRK XS 8IPPIV [EW I\GMXMRK FIGEYWI SRI GSYPH
PIEVR E PSX JVSQ XLI GSRZIVWEXMSR 8IPPIV·W MHIEW
[IVI RSX EP[E]W GSVVIGX FYX JVSQ E WGITXMGEP TSMRX
SJ ZMI[ FSXL TEVXMIW FIRIJMXIH JVSQ XLI
GSRZIVWEXMSRW ,IVI MW ER I\EQTPI
%JXIV SFXEMRMRK LMW 4L( HIKVII =ERK FIGEQI ER
MRWXVYGXSV EX XLI 9RMZIVWMX] SJ 'LMGEKS ,I EXXIRHIH
YRSJJMGMEP WIQMREVW FIX[IIR XLI HITEVXQIRXW SJ
4L]WMGW ERH 'LIQMWXV] [LMGL [IVI TVSTSWIH F]
*IVQM 8LI] XSSO TPEGI IZIV] [IIO EX GSJJII XMQI
JSV TVSJIWWSVW ERH VIWIEVGL WXYHIRXW %R]SRI GSYPH
XEPO EFSYX ER] RI[ MHIEW SV RI[W 8LIVI [IVI RS
WTIGMJMG XSTMGW JSV I\EQTPI GEVFSR HEXMRK
WTIGYPEXMSR SR XLI SVMKMR SJ IPIQIRXW¬
*IVQM 8IPPIV ERH 9VI] EXXIRHIH XLI WIQMREVW
VIKYPEVP] WS XLIVI [EW RIZIV E WLSVXEKI SJ XLIQIW
XS HMWGYWW ERH MX [EW RIZIV YRMRXIVIWXMRK -R
8IPPIV WEMH XLEX LI LEH NYWX VIGIMZIH E TLSRI GEPP
EFSYX E RI[ QIWSR HMWGSZIV] MR &IVOIPI] REQIP]
XLEX XLI QIWSR HMWMRXIKVEXW MRXS X[S TLSXSRW
8LMW [EW RI[W ERH RSFSH] MR XLI WIQMREV ORI[
EFSYX MX ´8IPPIV MQQIHMEXIP] EVKYIH XLEX XLI
SFWIVZEXMSR MQTPMIH XLI LEH ^IVS WTMRµ ' 2
=ERK *IVQM EWOIH LMQ XS TVSZI XLMW 8IPPIV
ETTVSEGLIH XLI FPEGOFSEVH ERH I\TPEMRIH LMW
EVKYQIRX FYX LI [EW EXXEGOIH F] IZIV]SRI FIGEYWI
LMW EVKYQIRX [EW MRGSQTPIXI ,S[IZIV XLI
GSRGPYWMSR [EW GSVVIGX
%JXIV XLI WIQMREV =ERK XLSYKLX XLI QEXXIV SZIV
%PXLSYKL 8IPPIV·W EVKYQIRX [EW YRJMRMWLIH MX
GSYPH FI VIWGYIH ERH EJXIV E JI[ HE]W =ERK [SVOIH
SYX XLI GSVVIGX WIPIGXMSR VYPIW MR ER EVXMGPI [LMGL
QEHI LMQ TVSYH 8LMW MW E GSRGVIXI I\EQTPI SJ XLI
FIRIJMX SJ XEPOMRK [MXL 8IPPIV
-R PEXI 1EVGL
8IPPIV *IVQM ERH ;IRX^IP
[IRX XS XLI 4SGSRS 'SRJIVIRGI 8LI] VIXYVRIH [MXL
IRXLYWMEWQ EFSYX . 7GL[MRKIV¶W XEPO SR UYERXYQ
IPIGXVSH]REQMGW ERH XSKIXLIV [MXL JMZI KVEHYEXI
WXYHIRXW =ERK [SVOIH WIZIVEP HE]W MR *IVQM·W
SJJMGI XV]MRK XS YRHIVWXERH 7GL[MRKIV·W QIXLSH FYX
[MXLSYX VIWYPX
3RI GER VIEPM^I XLI MRJPYIRGI 8IPPIV LEH SR =ERK
JVSQ XLI HIWGVMTXMSR KMZIR JSV XLI 2SFIP 'SQQMXXII
MR [LMGL =ERK IQTLEWM^IH XLEX
´¬ Q] XLVII XLIWIW [VMXXIR YRHIV 4VSJIWWSVW 8E
=SY ;Y & 7G XLIWMW . 7 ;ERK 1 7G XLIWMW
ERH ) 8IPPIV 4L ( XLIWMW [IVI MRWXVYQIRXEP MR
MRXVSHYGMRK QI XS Q] JMIPH SJ MRXIVIWXµ ' 2 =ERK
-R
)H[EVH 8IPPIV [EW
;MXL ER EVXMGPI
EFSYX XLI GPEWWMGEP WSPYXMSRW SJ TYVI KEYKI JMIPHW 8
8 ;Y ERH ' 2 =ERK GSRXVMFYXIH XS XLI
GIPIFVEXMSR SJ 8IPPIV·W WM\XMIXL FMVXLHE] 8LI EMQ SJ
XLI EVXMGPI [EW XS PSSO JSV WMRKYPEVMX] JVII GPEWWMGEP
WSPYXMSRW ERH XS WXYH] TIVXYVFEXMSRW EVSYRH WYGL
WSPYXMSRW XS SFXEMR I\GMXEXMSRW
´,I MW E ,YRKEVMER ,MW QMRH MW ZIV] EKMPI ,I MW
EPWS E XLISVMWX FVSEGLMRK TL]WMGW JVSQ TLIRSQIRE
&IGEYWI SJ HIZIPSTMRK XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF )H[EVH
8IPPIV [EW GEPPIH ´8LI *EXLIV SJ XLI ,]HVSKIR
&SQFµ
,S[IZIV LI HSIWR·X PMOI XLMW XMXPI µ ' 2 =ERK
-: 7MQMPEVMXMIW FIX[IIR XLI PMZIW ERH
EGXMZMXMIW SJ 8IPPIV ERH 7EOLEVSZ
)H[EVH 8IPPIV
ERH %RHVIM 7EOLEVSZ
KVI[ YT MR E WXVSRK XVEHMXMSREP JEQMP]
PMJIWX]PI [MXL E JYRHEQIRXEP TEWWMSR JSV [SVO ERH
MRXIVIWX MR PMXIVEXYVI EVX ERH WGMIRGI
7EOLEVSZ·W JEQMP] IRZMVSRQIRX [EW VIWTIGXJYP SJ
TVSJIWWMSREP GSQTIXIRGI
7MQMPEVP] 8IPPIV FIPMIZIH WXVSRKP] MR GSQTIXMXMSR MR
WGMIRGI XS FVMRK SYX XLI FIWX MR EPP 8IPPIV·W GEVIIV
[EW SJXIR QEVOIH F] LMW EXXVEGXMSR XS XLISVIXMGEP SV
GSQTYXEXMSREP GLEPPIRKIW SV TY^^PMRK I\TIVMQIRXEP
VIWYPXW
&SXL [IVI OI] JMKYVIW MR XLI XLIVQSRYGPIEV
TVSKVEQQIW ERH PMZIH SR STTSWMXI WMHIW SJ XLI -VSR
'YVXEMR 8LI 9RMXIH 7XEXIW ERH XLI 7SZMIX 9RMSR
[IVI MR VMZEPV] JSV XLI L]HVSKIR JYWMSR FSQF ERH
XLSYKLX XLEX RYGPIEV TVIWWYVI [EW LIPTJYP
8LI WYTIVFSQF [EW E GSRXVSZIVWMEP [IETSR
&SXL FIPMIZIH XLEX XLIVQSRYGPIEV VIEGXMSR ERH MXW
HIWXVYGXMZI TS[IV [LMGL MW XLI WSYVGI SJ XLI IRIVK]
SJ XLI WYR ERH WXEVW [EW IWWIRXMEP
8IPPIV ERH 7EOLEVSZ LEZI MR GSQQSR XLI JEXLIVMRK
SJ XLI , FSQF
8IPPIV [EW GSRGIVRIH [MXL XLI %QIVMGER EXSQMG
TVSNIGX JVSQ MXW WXEVX FIJSVI XLI 9RMXIH 7XEXIW
IRXIVIH ;SVPH ;EV -- -R
LI [EW TVISGGYTMIH
[MXL XLI MHIE SJ XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF ,I VIXYVRIH XS
0SW %PEQSW XS [SVO SR XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF ERH
GSRXVMFYXIH XS XLI JMVWX TPER SJ E XLIVQSRYGPIEV
[IETSR XIWXIH MR
EJXIV XLI 6YWWMERW LEH XIWXIH
XLIMV JMVWX EXSQMG FSQF MR
-R
XLI KSZIVRQIRX VITSVXIH XS E KVSYT SJ -KSV
8EQQ XS GLIGO XLI JIEWMFMPMX] SJ ER , FSQF TPER
7EOLEVSZ [EW E QIQFIV SJ XLMW KVSYT ERH MR E WLSVX
XMQI LI MRZIRXIH E TPER XS HIZMWI XLI JMVWX 7SZMIX
XLIVQSRYGPIEV FSQF [LMGL [EW XIWXIH MR
7EOLEVSZ·W WXYH] [EW E QENSV GSRXVMFYXMSR XS XLI ,
FSQF [LMGL [EW XIWXIH MR
8IPPIV MW 8LI JEXLIV SJ XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF
WMQMPEVP] 7EOLEVSZ MW 8LI JEXLIV SJ XLI 7SZMIX
L]HVSKIR FSQF &SXL [IVI XST TSPMXMGEP ERH TYFPMG
GIPIFVMXMIW ERH VIQEMRIH GSRZMRGIH XLEX XLIMV [SVO
SR RYGPIEV [IETSRW [EW E RIGIWWMX] JSV XLIMV S[R
GSYRXV] EW [IPP EW JSV XLI [LSPI IEVXL
%X 1SWGS[ 9RMZIVWMX] MR XLI
W 7EOLEVSZ [EW
GSRWMHIVIH SRI SJ XLI 9776·W QSWX FVMPPMERX
MRXIPPIGXW %JXIV LMW HSGXSVEXI LI [EW WIRX XS E XST
WIGVIX PSGEXMSR XS QEOI TPERW JSV XLI MQTVSZIQIRX
SJ XLI L]HVSKIR FSQF
´- [EW [SVOMRK JSV TIEGI XLEX Q] [SVO [SYPH LIPT
JSWXIV E FEPERGI SJ TS[IVµ 7EOLEVSZ
´ MR XLI
W ERH
W Q] TSWMXMSR [EW QYGL
GPSWIV XS 8IPPIV·W TVEGXMGEPP] E QMVVSV MQEKI SRI
SRP] LEH XS WYFWXMXYXI 9776 JSV 97% TIEGI ERH
REXMSREP WIGYVMX] JSV HIJIRGI EKEMRWX XLI GSQQYRMWX
QIREGI IXG ¬ 9RPMOI 8IPPIV - HMH RSX LEZI XS KS
EKEMRWX XLI GYVVIRX MR XLSWI ]IEVW RSV [EW XLVIEXIRIH [MXL SWXVEGMWQ F] Q] GSPPIEKYIW µ
7EOLEVSZ
8LI 7IGSRH ;SVPH ;EV [EW WXSTTIH F] XLI
FSQFMRK ERH HIWXVYGXMSR SJ ,MVSWLMQE ERH
2EKEWEOM -XW MRLEFMXERXW [IVI QEVX]VW JSV E [EV
[LMGL WLSYPH RIZIV LEH LETTIRIH 8LI SRP]
GSRWSPEXMSR MW XLEX [I LEZI RSX LEH E 8LMVH ;SVPH
;EV ERH WS E FEPERGI SJ RYGPIEV XIVVSV FIX[IIR XLI
X[S RYGPIEV WYTIVMSVMXMIW LEW [SVOIH 7S [I GER
HIHYGI XLEX %QIVMGER ERH 7SZMIX EXSQMG WGMIRXMWXW
LIPTIH XS OIIT XLI TIEGI
8IPPIV QEHI E QENSV GSRXVMFYXMSR XS XLI WIGYVMX] ERH
HIJIRGI SJ JVIIHSQ ERH [SVPH TIEGI I\XIRHMRK
JVSQ XLI FIKMRRMRK SJ XLI 7IGSRH ;SVPH ;EV ERH
XLVSYKLSYX XLI 'SPH ;EV
;EW XLMW XLI SRP] TSWWMFMPMX]#
´)EGL SJ YW LEW E VIWTSRWMFMPMX] XS XLMRO EFSYX XLMW
MR KPSFEP XIVQW [MXL XSPIVERGI XVYWX ERH GERHSV
JVII JVSQ MHISPSKMGEP HSKQEXMWQ TEVSGLMEP
MRXIVIWXW SV REXMSREP IKSMWQ µ 7EOLEVSZ
7EOLEVSZ FIGEQI GSRWGMSYW XLEX XLI TEXXIVRW LI LEH
EHQMVIH EW E WGMIRXMWX GSYPH RSX GSI\MWX [MXL
1EV\MWQ ERH [IETSRW 8]VERRMGEP HSQMREXMSR SZIV
MRJSVQEXMSR EPPS[IH 7SZMIX TEVX] PMRI XS MRJPYIRGI
IZIR XLI QSWX I\GIPPIRX ERH XLI XST 7EOLEVSZ
HIWMVIH XS QEOI LMW REXMSR HSQMRERX IRSYKL XS
IRWYVI TIEGI EJXIV E XIVVMFPI [EV
;LEX GER [I PIEVR JVSQ SYV LMWXSV]#
%PVIEH] 7EOLEVSZ LEH VIEPMWIH XLEX ´EPP
KSZIVRQIRXW EVI FEH ERH EPP REXMSRW JEGI GSQQSR
HERKIVW µ 1E]FI MR XLI JYXYVI [I [MPP LEZI ER
MRWXMXYXI [LSWI PIEHIVW XSKIXLIV [MXL LIEHW SJ WXEXIW
LEZI EW XLIMV YRMUYI KSEP XLI [IPP FIMRK SJ XLI
TISTPI 8LIWI PIEHIVW EVI RSX QSXMZEXIH F] JEPWI
TVMHI SV TEVX] ERH TIVWSREP TIGYRMEV] KSEPW ERH
XLIVIJSVI XLI] QYWX HS E[E] [MXL TSPMXMGEP TEVXMIW
;MXL ER EPPIKSVMG I\EQTPI 8LI EXSQW LEZI XS
GSRRIGX ZIV] GPSWIP] MR SVHIV XS JSVQ ER SFNIGX
;LEX [SYPH LETTIR MJ XLIWI EXSQW VITIPPIH IEGL
SXLIV MRWXIEH SJ GSQFMRMRK EW XLI] HS#
3RP] F] MRXIVREXMSREP GSPPEFSVEXMSR ERH ER
YRHIVWXERHMRK [MXLSYX ZMSPIRGI ERH MRHMKREXMSR GER
[I VIEGL E [SVPH [MXLSYX VIEVQEQIRX
-J [I GSRWMHIV SYVWIPZIW EW MRXIPPMKIRX FIMRKW [I
QYWX XLMRO XS XLI HIZIPSTQIRX SJ SYV LYQER
GSRWGMSYWRIWW XSS -R
7EOLEVSZ VIGIMZIH XLI
2SFIP 4IEGI 4VM^I 8IPPIV [EW VIGSKRM^IH [MXL XLI
TVIWXMKMSYW 4VIWMHIRXMEP 1IHEP SJ *VIIHSQ
´,I GLERKIH XLI GSYVWI SJ LYQER LMWXSV] µ
´)H[EVH 8IPPIV TPE]IH E TMZSXEP VSPI MR IRHMRK XLI
'SPH ;EV ,I LEW FIIR E WXVSRK EHZSGEXI JSV
REXMSREP HIJIRGI ERH XLI GEYWI SJ LYQER JVIIHSQ
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JVSQ XLI FIKMRRMRK SJ XLI 7IGSRH ;SVPH ;EV ERH
XLVSYKLSYX XLI 'SPH ;EVµ .SLR 2YGOSPPW JSVQIV
(MVIGXSV 0 0 2 0
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%RHVIM 7EOLEVSZ FIGEYWI LI HIZSXIH LMW PMJI XS
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8IPPIV ERH 8LISHSVI ZSR /EVQER
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SYKLX XS VIGIMZI XLI 2SFIP 4VM^I