A Course on English Language
A Course on
English Language
Prepared for: *Stars*
New Horizons Certified Professional
Course
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Company Confidential
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A Course on English Language
Course Introduction
• In these 2 days we will able to know:
– Tenses and
– Part of Speech
• And will learn to use them in speaking
correct English
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A Course on English Language
Why this course is Important?
• English is an International Business
Language
– All the communication which you will do in
the business world will be in English.
– Most professionals fail due to their not so
good appropriate English communication
skills.
• Good English requires a congenial environment
which fosters learning on a regular basis.
• And 3 months of *Stars* program is a great
opportunity for you to develop your English
Communication Skills.
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A Course on English Language
Rules for Three Months
• While in office:
– No one will utter even a single word in Hindi
or any other language other than English.
• There will be a penalty of Rs. 10 everytime* you
are found speaking in a local language.
– Make groups of 5-6 people each and practice
talking in English to each other during your
free time.
• This will be monitored by the trainers on an
informal basis.
* The money collected will be used for partying
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A Course on English Language
Introduction
•
There are three kinds of Tenses used in
English language
– Present Tense
– Past Tense
– Future Tense
We shall understand the basic concepts
used for each of these through out the
session.
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A Course on English Language
Introduction…
•
There are eight parts of speech
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Noun
The Pronoun
The Adjective
The Verb
The Adverb
The Preposition
The Conjunction
The Interjection
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A Course on English Language
Lets begin with ‘Tenses’…
Tenses
Present
Tense
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Past
Tense
Future
Tense
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A Course on English Language
PRESENT TENSE
The PRESENT TENSE indicates that an
action is present, now, relative to the
speaker or writer. Generally, it is used
to describe actions that are factual or
habitual -- things that occur in the
present but that are not necessarily
happening right now: "It rains a lot in
Portland" is a kind of timeless
statement.
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A Course on English Language
Present Indefinite Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+verb Ist
form+s/es+object
Example: He works like a doctor.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+do/does+not+verb
Ist form+object
Example: He doesn’t work like a
doctor.
Make 10 sentences of Present Indefinite tense
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A Course on English Language
Present Indefinite Tense
Cont.
3rd
Person singular-spelling
1. In general, the third person singular is formed by adding an s to
the base verb.
work
He works
2. Verbs ending in ss, x,ch, sh, o add “es” to the third person
singular.
Dress
She dresses
Fix
he fixes
Watch
She watches T.V.
Wash
She washes
Go
It goes
3. Verbs ending in consonant +y, changes the y to I and add “es”
Consonant+y
i+es: cry-cries, fly-flies, terrify-terrifies
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Present Indefinite Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Do/does+subject+verb Ist
form+object
Example: Does he work like a doctor?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Do/does+subject+not+verb Ist
form+object
Example: Does he not work like a doctor?
Make Interrogative & and interrogative negative sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE
• The PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE indicates
continuing action, something going on now. This
tense is formed with the helping "to be" verb, in the
present tense, plus the present participle of the verb
(with an -ing ending): "I am buying all my family's
Christmas gifts early this year.
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Present progressive Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+is/am/are+verb Ist
form+ing+object
Example: They are walking.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+is/am/are+not+verb
Ist form+ing+object
Example: They are not walking.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Present progressive Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Is/am/are+Subject+verb Ist
form+ing+object
Example: Are they walking?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Is/am/are+Subject+not+verb Ist
form+ing+object
Example: Are they not walking?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The PRESENT PERFECT TENSE is formed with
a present tense form of "to have" plus the
past participle of the verb (which can be
either regular or irregular in form). This tense
indicates either that an action was completed
(finished or "perfected") at some point in the
past or that the action extends to the
present:
I have walked two miles already [but I'm still
walking].
I have run the Boston Marathon [but that was
some time ago].
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Present Perfect Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+has/have+verb IIIrd form+iobject
Example: We have completed our home work.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+has/have+not+verb IIIrd
form+iobject
Example: We have not completed our home
work.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Present Perfect Tense
– Interogative sentence
» Rule : Has/have+subject++verb IIIrd
form+iobject
Example: Have you finished your drink?
– Negative Interogative sentence
» Rule : Has/have+not+subject++verb IIIrd
form+iobject
Example: Have you not finished your drink?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE indicates a continuous action that
has been finished at some point in the past
or that was initiated in the past and
continues to happen. The action is usually
of limited “time” duration and has some
current relevance: "She has been running
for last two hours " The present perfect
progressive frequently is used to describe
an event of the recent past.
• "I have been working in the garden since 1
pm.
• George has been painting that house for
last 6 months.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Present Perfect Progressive
Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+has been/have
been+Verb+ing+Object+Since/For
» Example: He has been reading a book
since 1o clock
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+has not been/have not
been+Verb+ing+Object+Since/For
» Example: He has not been reading a
book since 1o clock
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Present Perfect Progressive
Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : .
has/have+subject+Verb+ing+Object+Since/For
Example: Has he been reading a book since
1o clock?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : has/have + subject+Not+Verb+ing+
Object + Since/For+time
» Example: Has he not been reading a book
since 1o clock?
Make 10 Sentences.
PRACTICE PATTERN –ALLTHE 8 ACTIONS
ACTIONS
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
1. Simple Action
He ate
1. He eats
2. Continuous
He………eating
1. He ……....eating
He……….eating
He will eat
Action Without Time
3. Continuous Action
for 2 hrs
1. eating for 2 hrs
eating for 2 hrs
With Time
4. Action Just
He……eaten
1. He…..eaten
He……have eaten
Finished
5. Forced Action
1. He has to eat
He had to eat
He will have to eat
6. Routine Action
1.He eats daily
He used to eat daily
He will be eating daily
7. All Time Action
1.He eats always
He will be eating always
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used to eat always
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A Course on English Language
Past Indefinite Tense
The PAST TENSE indicates that an action is in the
past relative to the speaker or writer.
• when the time period has finished: "We went to
Chicago last Christmas."
• when the time period is definite: "We visited Mom
last week."
• with for, when the action is finished: "I worked with
the FBI for two months."
• Regular verbs use the verb's base form (scream,
work) plus the -ed ending (screamed, worked).
Irregular verbs alter their form in some other way
(slept, drank, drove).
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Past Indefinite Sentence
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+Verb IInd+Object
» Example: He went to school.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+did not+Verb Ist+Object
» Example: He did not/didn’t go to school.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Past Indefinite Sentence
– Interogative sentence
» Rule : Did+ Subject+Verb Ist+Object
» Example: Did she come?
– Negative Interogative sentence
» Rule : Did+ Subject+not+Verb Ist+Object
» Example: Did she not come?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE indicates
continuing action, something that was
happening, going on, at some point in the
past. This tense is formed with the helping
"to be" verb, in the past tense, plus the
present participle of the verb (with an -ing
ending):
• I was riding my bike all day yesterday.
• Joel was being a terrible role model for his
younger brother.
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Past Progressive Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+was/were+Verb
Ist+ing+Object
» Example: We were attending the
class.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+was/were+not+Verb
Ist+ing+Object
» Example: We were not attending the
class.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Past Progressive Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Was/were+Subject+Verb
Ist+ing+Object
» Example: Were they sleeping?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Was/were+Subject+not+Verb
Ist+ing+Object
» Example: Was Anu not sleeping?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PAST PERFECT TENSE
The PAST PERFECT TENSE indicates that an
action
was
completed
(finished
or
"perfected") at some point in the past before
something else happened. This tense is
formed with the past tense form of "to have"
(HAD) plus the past participle of the verb
(which can be either regular or irregular in
form):
• I had walked two miles by lunchtime.
• I had run three other marathons before
entering the Boston Marathon .
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Past Perfect Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+had+Verb IIIrd
Form+Object Example: You had
read a book.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+had+not+Verb IIIrd
Form+Object
» Example: You had not read a book.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Past Perfect Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Had+subject+Verb IIIrd
Form+Object
» Example: Had we attended a
seminar?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Had+subject+Not+Verb IIIrd
Form+Object
» Example: Had we not attended a
seminar?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
PAST PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE indicates a continuous action
that was completed at some point in
the past. This tense is formed with the
modal "HAD" plus "BEEN," plus the
present participle of the verb (with an ing ending):
• "I had been working in the garden all
morning.
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Past Perfect Progressive
Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+had
been+Verb+ing+Object+Since/For
» Example: Teacher had been teaching
since 9 o clock
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+had not
been+Verb+ing+Object+Since/For
» Example: Teacher had not been
teaching since 9 o clock
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Past Perfect Progressive
Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Had+subject+been+Verb+ing
+Object+Since/For+time
» Example: Had he been reading a
book since 1o clock?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Had+subject+not
been+Verb+ing
+Object+Since/For+time
» Example: Had he not been reading a
book since 1o clock?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE TENSE
The FUTURE TENSE indicates that an action
is in the future relative to the speaker or
writer. There are no inflected forms for the
future in English (nothing like those -ed or -s
endings in the other tenses). Instead, the
future tense employs the helping verbs will
or shall with the base form of the verb:
• She will leave soon.
• We shall overcome.
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Future Indefinite Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : Subject+will/shall+Verb
Ist form+Object
» Example: I will come
tomorrow for morning walk.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : Subject+will/shall+
not+Verb Ist form+Object
» Example: I will not come
college tomorrow.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Future Indefinite Tense
– Interogative sentence
» Rule : Will/shall+Subject+Verb Ist
form+Object
» Example: Will he play this football match?
– Interogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Will/shall+Subject+Verb Ist
form+Object
» Example: Will he not play this football
match?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The
FUTURE
PROGRESSIVE
TENSE
indicates continuing action, something that
will be happening, going on, at some point in
the future. This tense is formed with the
modal "will" plus "be," plus the present
participle of the verb (with an -ing ending):
"I will be running in next year's Boston
Marathon. Our campaign plans suggest that
the President will be winning the southern
vote by November. "
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A Course on English Language
Future Progressive Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+ will be+Verb+ing+Object
» Example: She will be eating her meal.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+ will not
be+Verb+ing+Object
» Example: She will not be eating her meal.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Future Progressive Tense
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : Will/shall+Subject+be+Verb Ist
form+ing+Object
» Example: Will she be working on
computer?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : Will/shall+ Subject+not+be+Verb Ist
form+ing+Object
» Example: Will she not be working on
computer?
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
The FUTURE PERFECT TENSE indicates
that an action will have been completed
(finished or "perfected") at some point
in the future. This tense is formed with
"will" plus "have" plus the past
participle of the verb (which can be
either regular or irregular in form):
• "I will have spent all my money by this
time next year.
• I will have run successfully in three
marathons if I can finish this one."
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
Future Perfect Tense
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+ will have+Verb
IIIrd+Object
» Example: She will have completed her
basket soon.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+ will not have+Verb
IIIrd+Object
» Example: He will not have cleared his
concept.
Make 10 Sentences.
(c) Prepared for *Stars* Program
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A Course on English Language
Future Perfect Tense
– Interrogative sentence
»
Rule : will +subject+ have+Verb IIIrd+Object
»
Example: Will Mohan have reached to
airport?
– Interrogative Negative sentence
»
Rule : will +subject+ not have+Verb
IIIrd+Object
»
Example: Will Mohan not have reached to
airport?
Make 10 Sentences.
(c) Prepared for *Stars* Program
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE indicates a continuous action that
will be completed at some point in the future.
This tense is formed with the modal "WILL"
plus the modal "HAVE" plus "BEEN" plus the
present participle of the verb (with an -ing
ending):
• I will have been working on this project for
three years.
Write Notes
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
– Simple sentence
» Rule : subject+ will have+been+Verb
Ist+Object+Since/For
» Example:He will have been dancing for 1hour.
– Negative sentence
» Rule : subject+ will not+have+been+Verb Ist+
Object+Since/For
» Example:He will not have been dancing for
1hour.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
– Interrogative sentence
» Rule : will+ subject+ have+been+Verb
Ist+Object+Since/For
» Example: Will he have been laughing for
1hour.
– Interrogative Negative sentence
» Rule : will+ subject+ not+have+been+Verb Ist
+Object+Since/For
» Example: Will he not have been laughing for
1hour.
Make 10 Sentences.
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A Course on English Language
Let’s Revise
I am
You /we /they are
He /she /it is
I / he / she / it
was
You /we /they
were
I
You /we /they
be
He /she /it
There is
There are
There was
There were
There will be
I /you /we /they
write
He / she / it
writes
I
You
He
We
They
(c) Prepared for *Stars* Program
I
You
wrote
He
write
lived
We
They
will
will
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A Course on English Language
Summary
• Today we have discussed the three tenses
used in English Language
– Let’s play a game;
– One person will speak present tense of a
particular sentence i.e. Ram goes to school..
– Next person will convert the sentence in to the
other form and so on….
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