JAYMIE KENDALL
PSYC 1001E
It is most beneficial to you to write this mock midterm UNDER EXAM CONDITIONS.
This means:
• Complete the midterm in 2 hour(s).
• Work on your own.
• Keep your notes and textbook closed.
• Attempt every question.
After the time limit, go back over your work with a different colour or on a separate piece
of paper and try to do the questions you are unsure of. Record your ideas in the
margins to remind yourself of what you were thinking when you take it up at PASS.
The purpose of this mock exam is to give you practice answering questions in a timed
setting and to help you to gauge which aspects of the course content you know well and
which are in need of further development and review. Use this mock exam as a learning
tool in preparing for the actual exam.
Please note:
•
Come to the PASS workshop with your mock exam complete. During the
workshop you can work with other students to review your work.
•
Often, there is not enough time to review the entire exam in the PASS workshop.
Decide which questions you most want to review – the Facilitator may ask
students to vote on which questions they want to discuss in detail.
•
Facilitators do not bring copies of the mock exam to the session. Please print out
and complete the exam before you attend.
• Facilitators do not produce or distribute an answer key for mock exams.
Facilitators help students to work together to compare and assess the answers
they have. If you are not able to attend the PASS workshop, you can work alone
or with others in the class.
Good Luck writing the Mock Exam!!
Dates and locations of mock exam take-up:
Monday Dec. 12, 12-1:30pm Loeb C164 & Tuesday Dec. 13, 10-11:30am Loeb C164
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
1. If we were to hear something but not process it, it would translate into our
short-term memory. How long would this sound last in our short-term
memory if we had not processed it?
a. 0.25 seconds
b. 7 seconds
c. up to 10 seconds
d. up to 1 second
2. In this stage of sleep the body’s metabolism slows down to approx. 75% of
regular functioning and consists of mainly delta waves…
a. Stage 3
b. Stage 4
c. Stage 1
d. This is not a stage of sleep. It is how we function when we are awake
3. Something that was originally seen as neutral to an organism but becomes
meaningful through repeated pairings is considered to be the…
a. Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
b. Conditioned stimulus (CS)
c. Unconditioned response (UCR)
d. Conditioned response (CR)
4. Which type of learning would the phrase, “monkey see, monkey do” be
extremely relevant to?
a. Observational learning
b. Classical conditioning
c. Operant conditioning
d. None of the above
5. As research suggests, humans are able to hold ____________ in their
____________________ memory.
a. 9± items; long-term memory
b. 9± items; short-term memory
c. 7± items; short-term memory
d. 7± items; long-term memory
6. An experiment frequently used to discuss a type of learning is Pavlov’s dogs.
What type of conditioning do Pavlov’s dogs and their behaviour illustrate?
a. Observational learning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Classical conditioning
d. Learning by association
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
7. Which type of language acquisition theory suggests that as children are being
exposed to language they develop and solidify connections that support this
development of language?
a. Cognitive
b. Nativist
c. Emergentist
d. Social Communication
8. When we hear a loud noise and are physically startled, this is an example of:
a. A UCS and UCR
b. A UCS and CR
c. A CS and CR
d. A CS and UCR
9. Research has shown that there is an optimal delay in the timing of the
presentation of the CS and the UCS. What has this delay been found to be?
a. The optimal delay has been found to be 10 seconds
b. The optimal delay has been found to be 7±2 seconds
c. The optimal delay has been found to be 1.5 seconds
d. The optimal delay has been found to be 0.5 seconds
10. What is the name of the famous psychologist that is responsible for the
invention of the Operant Chamber that is used often today?
a. Pavlov
b. Maslow
c. Bandura
d. Skinner
11. _______________ reinforcement includes the researcher reinforcing some, but
not all, of the responses exhibited by the organism. This leads to the
organism excepting the occasional unrewarded response.
a. Aversion
b. Intermittent
c. Fixed-ratio
d. Variable-ratio
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
12. Imagine you are studying reinforcement and operant conditioning. You want
to produce the fastest, steadiest rate of responding by your participants.
Which schedule of reinforcement would you be most likely to use to achieve
this?
a. Fixed-ratio schedule
b. Fixed-interval schedule
c. Variable-ratio schedule
d. Variable-interval schedule
13. In the retentional process of observational learning, what is the central goal?
a. We must pay attention to the model and activity being performed
b. We must retain the memory of the behaviour
c. We must translate the symbolic representation into an action
d. None of the above
14. Which statement is TRUE concerning PTSD and veterans (as discussed in
the lecture)?
a. Veterans with PTSD were unable to recall information learned earlier
b. Veterans with PTSD were able to recall information with extreme
accuracy learned earlier
c. Veterans with PTSD were able to recall only information in their
short-term memory
d. Veterans and PTSD were not discussed in class
15. After successful classical conditioning, there should be a pairing of the CS
and CR. When we repeatedly present the CS without it being followed by the
UCS, ______________ of the pairing occurs.
a. Spontaneous recovery
b. Discrimination
c. Generalization
d. Extinction
16. Which statement is NOT TRUE concerning parallel processing?
a. Multiple lines of processing can occur at the same time
b. Lines of communication communicate with each other
c. The brain is a massive parallel processor
d. The brain is a massive serial processor, not parallel
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
17. Imagine you go home for the winter break and your parents as you to drive
your brother to the store using their car. You have not driven since the
summer because you take the OC transpo everywhere in Ottawa. In order to
remember how to use a car, we use…
a. Procedural memory
b. Episodic memory
c. Physical memory
d. Semantic memory
18. Which psychologist has been known for uncovering important information
that we use in our legal system today (i.e. “leading questions”)?
a. B.F. Skinner
b. Ivan Pavlov
c. Albert Bandura
d. Elizabeth Loftus
19. In class we discussed research conducted by Ceci & Bruck about children’s
suggestibility. What were the general findings?
a. More than half of the children created a false memory
b. More than half of the children exhibited a false fear of mouse traps
c. All children falsely remembered going to the hospital with a mouse
trap on their finger
d. Children are the easiest to influence in witnessing a crime and
following up with leading questions
20. Suppose you learn the rules of tennis when you are young. Later in life you
are asked to learn to play racket ball. When you try to learn the rules of
racket ball, your knowledge of the rules of tennis interfere with your ability
to learn the racket ball rules. What is this an example of?
a. Retroactive interference
b. Proactive interference
c. Retroactive amnesia
d. Semantic memory interference
21. When we receive a phone number from a friend without anywhere to write it
down, we most often take part in ____________ rehearsal.
a. Repetition
b. Elaborative
c. Maintenance
d. Repression
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
22. Semantic Imagine you were trying to find the solution to a problem whereas
you must solve each step of the problem before moving onto the next step.
This would be an example similar to that of…
a. Parallel processing
b. Step order processing
c. Serial processing
d. Problem fluctuation processing
23. Baddeley discusses that as individuals with the ability to have a working
memory, we have three components. These three components include…
a. Central executive, phonological loop, episodic buffer
b. Central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketch pad
c. Episodic buffer, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketch pad
d. Episodic buffer, visuo-spatial sketch pad, rehearsal functions
24. Researchers Craik & Tulving (1975) conducted research on memory and the
complexity of sentences. What did the findings of their study show?
a. Recall of words was better when they were used in a more complex
sentence
b. Recall of words was the exact same regardless of sentence complexity
c. Recall of words was better when they were used in a simple sentence
d. Craik & Tulving did not research word recall
25. Which statement is NOT one of the common characteristics of all human
languages?
a. Infinite generativity is the ability to produce an endless number of
meaningful sentences using a finite set of words
b. Language has some form of accompanying gestures using hands
c. Making language is a highly creative process
d. Language is characterized by organizational rules
26. Each individual has a different cognitive style. Someone who relies heavily on
environmental cues to analyze stimuli would be classified as being…
a. Environment-dependent
b. Stimulus-dependent
c. Field-independent
d. Field-dependent
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
27. Because of the ________________ _______________, we have a tendency to
think that emotional events seem more common than they really are. This is
because of how readily previous examples come to mind due to emotional
impact.
a. Informational bias
b. Availability bias
c. Availability heuristic
d. Emotional heuristic
28. __________ is the active process of turning stimulus information
(environmental information) into a form (a code) that can be stored in our
memory system.
a. Sensing
b. Memory
c. Storage
d. Encoding
29. Which statement in untrue concerning iconic memory?
a. The purpose of iconic memory is to maintain the stimulus long enough
for it to be encoded into short-term memory
b. It holds a brief visual image of a scene you JUST perceived
c. This is a form of sensory memory
d. Iconic memory is best for multiple icons
30. Suppose you are on vacation and have to sleep in a hotel room with your
parents. You hear your fathers loud snoring. Interestingly, he stops snoring
and seems to startle himself about 5 or 6 times per hour. Your father is most
likely suffering from what?
a. Abrupt awakening disorder
b. Sleep apnea
c. Simply being a loud snorer
d. Narcolepsy
31. What group of drugs produces a sense of euphoria, increased sensory
awareness, a distorted sense of time, and distortions in perceptual and
sensory experience?
a. Sedatives
b. Narcotics
c. Hallucinogens
d. Stimulants
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
32. Sometimes in conditioning, participants have a tendency to follow their own
pathway. This gets in the way of the conditioning process. What is this
called?
a. Personal drift
b. Instinctive drift
c. Defiant drift
d. Latent learning
33. Imagine you are conducting a study where you ask participants to write down
all the uses of a screwdriver. One particular individual writes “turn screws”
as his only use of a screwdriver. He is most likely displaying what?
a. Functional fixedness
b. Insight fixedness
c. Shallow process effect
d. Inefficient algorithm
34. When we encode something, we decide how or whether something is
personally relevant. This is called…
a. Self-reflected encoding
b. Relevancy encoding
c. Working encoding
d. Self-referent encoding
35. Imagine in high school you stayed out too late (this never happened) and your
parents grounded you (i.e. taking away your freedom). This would be an
example of a…
a. Positive reinforcement
b. Negative reinforcement
c. Response cost
d. Punishment
36. In the attention-process of observational learning you must do what?
a. Pay attention to the model
b. Pay attention to your motivation
c. Attend to how you would reproduce your movements
d. Nothing, this is not part of observational learning
37. What type of learning do Pavov’s dogs illustrate?
a. Observational learning
b. K-9 learning
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
c. Classical conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
38. In operant conditioning, there are some types of reinforcers that satisfy
biological needs. These reinforcers are called…
a. Secondary reinforcers
b. Biological need reinforcers
c. Primary reinforcers
d. Shaping reinforcers
39. Imagine you are sitting in your first-year French class in University. You are
asked how to say the word “apple” in French. You use your _______ ________
to come to the conclusion that “apple” in French is “pomme”.
a. Retrospective memory
b. Anterograde memory
c. Prospective memory
d. Semantic memory
40. While completing this mock exam, you are asked to recall definitions. What
memory system handles this sort of information?
a. Nondeclarative memory
b. Procedural memory
c. Declarative memory
d. Episodic memory
41. Imagine you are a dream analyst. Someone tells you they feel they are always
being chased in their dreams. This may signify…
a. A desire for adventure in our lives
b. A strong representation of anxiety that we have
c. A conflict of integration of aspects of the self into the conscious self
d. An identity crisis – a sudden sense of not knowing who we are
42. The smallest units of speech that can be distinguished perceptually are…
a. Morphemes
b. Phonemes
c. Syntax
d. Heuristics
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
43. _______ refers to a person’s responsiveness to a drug progressively
decreasing. This leads people to consume larger amounts of the drug.
a. Adaptability
b. Selective habitation
c. Subjectivity of experience
d. Tolerance
44. Many researchers believe that many North Americans suffer from sleep
deprivation. Which statement is UNTRUE concerning the effects of sleep
deprivation?
a. Individuals tend to not get more out of their day but they score slightly
higher in accuracy on cognitive tasks
b. Individuals feel an impairment in their attention
c. Sleep deprivation has been blamed for many transportation and car
accidents
d. Sleep deprived individuals have difficulty predicting if and when they
will fall asleep at the wheel
45. Victims of _______ will typically let out a piercing cry, bolt upright, and then
stare into space without recalling a coherent dream.
a. Narcolepsy
b. Night terrors
c. Somnambulism
d. REM sleep behaviour disorder
46. There are two types of dependence on drugs:
a. Biological & Psychological
b. Direct & Indirect
c. Physiological & Psychological
d. Physical & Psychological
47. Which statement is UNTRUE concerning Bandura’s Bobo Doll Experiment?
a. When the model was of the opposite sex, children were more likely to
mimic their behaviour
b. The research was done at a time when it was thought that watching
someone else be violent purged our need to be violent
c. The models in the experiment conducted “novel” acts of violence, such
as throwing the doll in the air, hitting it with a mallet, etc.
d. All are correct about the Bobo Doll Experiment
PSYC 1001E
JAYMIE KENDALL
48. __________________ is the tendency to search for and use information that
supports ideas rather than refutes them.
a. Belief perseverance
b. Overconfidence bias
c. Confirmation bias
d. Hindsight bias
49. Which biological “clock” runs on a 90-minute cycle in which it regulates many
bodily activities?
a. Circadian Rhythm
b. Biological-Frequency-Cycle
c. Basic-Rest-Activity Cycle
d. Basic-Biological-Activity Cycle
50. Which statement is FALSE concerning language?
a. Language (and the ability to organize and communicate complex
concepts) is absolutely unique to humans
b. Researchers believe apes can learn human language
c. Washoe (a chimp) learned American Sign Language (ASL)
d. Language plays a role in cognition by influencing how we think
(including if we save money, smoke, or exercise)