If you have not taken your test or did not
pass you have until April 12 to take care of
this.
Spiral Test next Friday April 15
Agenda:
Video Review of Ford & Carter
Reagan Guided Notes: Conservative
Resurgence
Conservative Resurgence
1980-1989
Reagan Presidency
Reagan Presidency 1981-1989
 The 1980s witnessed a resurgence of conservatism- the
philosophy uncovered by Barry Goldwater
 Reagan believed that the federal government had become too
powerful and intrusive, beginning with the New Deal
 In order to counter the power in the federal government, Reagan
worked to combat unions, reduce taxes, cut government
spending, and reducing the amount of govt regulations, while also
favoring a strong military establishment.
New Right & Conservative Views
New Right: Conservative groups who supported Reagan during
elections- including the following:
 National Rifle Association: begun to promote rifle shooting
skills – 1980 election marked the 1st time in its history it involved
itself with politics.
 The Moral Majority: Fundamentalist, Conservative Christians
 Heritage Foundation: Promote conservative policies– free
enterprise, limited govt, individual freedom, values, & a strong
national defense
Other Social & Political Conservative Activists
 Billy Graham - born in 1918, is a leading religious revivalist as well as a spiritual and
moral advisor to many U. S. Presidents. As a prominent Christian leader, he spoke out against
communism during the Cold War era, claiming that it was the ultimate fight between good and evil.
 Phyllis Shlafely - an attorney born in 1924, was an outspoken opponent of what she
considered the radical feminist movement. She actively campaigned against the Equal Rights
Amendment and founded her own pro-family movement.
 Sandra Day O’Connor - born in El Paso, Texas, in 1930, has the distinction of
being the first woman appointed to the United States Supreme Court. She was appointed by
President Ronald Reagan in 1981.
REAGANOMICS
 1980, still facing stagflation (high unemployment, high prices)
 Reagan tried to solve problem with “supply side economics”
 Supply side economics: reducing taxes & business regulations
hoping to make it easier to produce goods. They reasoned the larger
supply of goods would drive down prices & stop inflation.
REAGANOMICS
 By 1983, the economy began to come out of recession.
 Reagan’s tax cuts, deregulation, and military spending
encouraged greater business activity, while new supplies of
oil from Alaska & the North Sea stabilized oil prices.
Negative Side of Reaganomics
 Federal deficit (amount of money govt spends beyond what it
collects in taxes) increased greatly, and national debt more
than doubled.
 Also, America bought more goods and services than they sold
overseas, creating a trade imbalance which led to loss of
millions of jobs and drop in income
Rust Belt to Sun Belt
 Movement of people from northern to southern states caused shifts
in economic and political power
 New technological innovations such as air conditioning and
hydroelectric power made it possible to keep homes, offices, and
factories cool in the summer which encouraged people to move to
the South & West.
 As a result, the West & South became known as the Sun Belt
Rust Belt to Sun Belt
 Sunbelt states also saw their economies grow quickly with the
influx of people and businesses. In contrast, the Northeast and the
Midwest suffered economically.
 Parts of these regions became known as the Rust Belt because of
the rusting factories that declining industries left behind.
 Many large factories and industries struggled to survive with the
stagflation of the 1970s. Many laid-off workers migrated to the
Sunbelt as well to find work.
Effects of Sunbelt
 Sunbelt states saw their political influence grow along with
populations.
 Seats in House of Representatives are reapportioned to reflect
population changes.
 Since the 1970s, Sunbelt states have gained more than 35
Electoral College votes at the expense of the Rust Belt states.
 Between 1964 and 2004, every successful candidate for President
came from a Sunbelt State.
REAGAN DOCTRINE
 U.S. would not simply confine itself to the containment of
Communism, it would also attempt to “roll-back” Communism by
aiding anti-Communist “freedom fighters” in Afghanistan, Angola,
Nicaragua, & Cambodia
 Peace Through Strength: the best way to prevent war was to
make America’s enemies think that the U.S. had both the means
and the will to stop aggression. To carry this out, Reagan sharply
increased military spending.
 https://www.yout
ube.com/watch?v=
Uc7O-SLoICw
What important acts were performed
during Reagans administration? How
did they impact America?
REAGAN DOCTRINE
 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI): “Star Wars”
researching an anti-ballistic defense system, using
lasers to shoot down missiles in order to prevent a
nuclear attack
Reagan Doctrine
 Reagan’s 2nd term witnessed the triumph of democracy in many
parts of the world including the Philippines & Latin America, in
which dictatorships and military governments were replaced by
democratically elected civilian governments.
Threat of Terrorism
Terrorism: use of bombing, assassination, kidnapping, or
other acts of terror to ensure a political group’s voice is heard
 In 1982, an Israeli force invaded Lebanon, setting a civil war
between Christians & Palestinian refugees.
 Lebanon requests help from the US. In 1983, a suicide bomber
attacked American & French barracks in Beirut, capital of Lebanon
Threat of Terrorism
 241 US Marines & 58 French were killed
 Reagan removes all forces from Lebanon
 Reagan announced that he would not negotiate with terrorists,
and even bombed 2 cities in Libya in 1986 when he thought its
leader, Muammar Gaddafi, had supported terrorist activities
Iran Contra Affair
 In 1986, officials in Reagan Administration acted against the policy
of refusing to negotiate with terrorists by secretly selling arms to
Iran as part of a deal in exchange for the release of American
hostages in Lebanon.
 Profits from sales of arms to Iran were then diverted to support
the anti-Communist “Contra” rebels fighting the Communist govt
in Nicaragua.
 This was done even after Congress had prohibited any US aid to
the Contras.
Effects of Iran Contra Affair
 When exposed to the public, it shocked the nation. Several
officials were convicted of lying to Congress & sent to prison
 Iran Contra Affair greatly tarnished America’s credibility in the
world, and once again the US citizens question their trust in their
government
Reagan & the Cold War
 The final years of Reagan’s administration, saw the beginnings of
the end of the Cold War
 Mikhail Gorbachev (head of Soviet Communist Party in 1985)
introduces reforms in the Soviet Union, and agreed to meet with
Reagan.
 Gorbachev & Reagan sign an agreement dismantling thousands of
nuclear missiles.
Conservative vs. Liberal
CONSERVATIVE
-National govt governs best when
it governs least
-When businesses prosper,
prosperity will trickle down to
ALL Americans
-Regardless of tax cuts, the
national govt SHOULDN’T be
spending our limited resources on
programs that give people free
handouts
-Shrink the size of the federal
govt- letting the state & local govts
take care of the needs of citizens
LIBERAL
-Federal govt has an obligation to
monitor businesses. It needs to
prevent them from polluting the
environment & taking advantage
of consumers & workers
-Cutting taxes may lead to cutting
federal programs. These programs
provide help the most needy.
-The National govt should ensure
that ideals like equality &
opportunity are attainable to all
Americans.
…Whenever normal agencies prove inadequate to the task and it becomes necessary for the
Executive Branch of the Federal Government to use its powers and authority to uphold Federal
Courts, The President’s responsibility in inescapable.
In accordance with that responsibility, I have today issued an Executive Order directing the use of
troops under Federal authority to aid in the execution of Federal law at Little Rock, Arkansas.
This becomes necessary when my Proclamation of yesterday was not observed, and the
obstruction of justice still continues…
- President Dwight D. Eisenhower, September 24, 1957
 The situation described in this statement grew out of efforts to –
A. Uphold the Voting Rights Act
B. pass a constitutional amendment ending poll taxes
C. enforce the decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
D. extend the Montgomery bus boycott to Little Rock
Bell Ringer: On a separate piece of paper titled STAAR review questions
answer the question
Partner Activity
 With a partner, you will use the History Alive book to




answer questions from the perspective of a liberal and a
conservative giving an argument for both sides!
(Conservative & Liberal)
Is deregulation good for America? (page 629)
Is New Federalism good for America? (Section 3)
Is supply-side economics good for America? (Section 3)
Are reductions in federal social welfare programs good
for America? (Section 4)
If you have not taken your test or did not pass you have until April 12 to
take care of this. There will be no tutorials Friday after school!
Agenda: GET YOUR PAPER OUT FROM YESTERDAY AND GET TO WORK
 Reagan Conservative vs Liberal/ President H.W. Bush Notes
If you and your partner, finish the first
part on the back add
Section 4 Is the Conservatism Dominating
the Supreme Court good for America?
Section 4 Are Reagan’s Civil Rights
Policies good for America?
(Conservative & Liberal)

Is deregulation good for America? (Section 3)
Conservative response
Yes! Because….
• It removes government
regulations in order to increase
business competition and
efficiency & promote free
enterprise.
• It makes businesses more
profitable and allows them to
pass on savings to consumers.
Liberal response
No! It is harmful because …
• It jeopardizes the environment
by lowering federal standards
on air and water quality.
• It leads to a weakening of
worker safety laws, which
endangers workers and the
general public.
Is new federalism good for America? (Section 3)
Conservative response
Yes! Because….
• It shrinks the size of the federal
government by shifting power
to the states.
• The system of block grants
gives states more flexibility,
allowing them to allocate
resources in ways that suite
their individual needs.
Liberal response
No! It is harmful because …
• Block grants provide less
funding for social programs
than the federal programs they
replace.
Is supply side economics good for America? (Section 3)
Conservative response
Yes! Because….
• It provides business incentives
to increase the supply of goods
and services, which in turn
sparks economic growth.
• By lowering taxes, people save
more and invest their earnings,
which allows companies to
produce more and hire more
workers.
Liberal response
No! It is harmful because …
• Tax cuts benefit the rich more
than the poor
• It widens the income gap
between rich and poor.
Are reductions in federal social welfare programs good for
America? (Section 4)
Conservative response
Liberal response
Yes! Because….
No! It is harmful because …
• such programs stifle personal
• They hurt the poor and force
initiative and produce a
cities to reduce services to
dependence on government aid.
those in need
• Such programs trap people in a • They often severely affect single
cycle of poverty
women with young children and
young adults with few job skills
and little education
Is the Conservatives Dominating the Court good for America?
(Section 4)
Conservative response
Yes! Because….
• Schools have an obligation to
maintain discipline
• Schools have an obligation to
ensure students’ safety
• A conservative court leads to
decisions of less government.
Liberal response
No! It is harmful because …
• They deny students equal
protection under the law.
Are Reagan’s civil rights policies good for America? (Section
4)
Conservative response
Liberal response
Yes! Because….
No! It is harmful because …
• Federal efforts to enforce civil • They turn back the clock on
rights bring up resentment and
civil rights.
infringe on the rights of state & • They lead to worsening
local governments.
conditions in inner cities.
• They call for an end to
affirmative action, which is a
form of reverse discrimination.
George H.W. Bush Presidency 1989-1993
 Bush served as Vice President for 2 terms under Reagan.
 Bush promised to continue Reagan’s policies, but with greater
emphasis on homelessness, poverty, improving education, and
fighting drug use.
 Bush’s greatest domestic challenge: reduce the budget deficit.
Easing tensions in Soviet Union allowed for cuts in military
spending, and Bush increased income taxes on the wealthy in
1990.
George H.W. Bush Presidency 1989-1993
 Bush made several appointments to the Supreme Court, leading to
a conservative majority.
 The Supreme Court toughened rules for criminal defendants,
reduced the scope of abortion rights, and many other changes
 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: Prohibits
discrimination against people with disabilities in employment &
public accommodations.
Bush’s Foreign Policy
 End of Cold War: 1989-1991,
Eastern Europe moved from
Communism to democracy, the
Berlin Wall was torn down, and
Germany was reunited. In 1991,
the Cold War ends. The Soviet
Union dissolved and was
replaced by the Commonwealth
of Independent States. Bush
recognizes Russia & new
republics and offered them
economic assistance.
Bush’s Foreign Policy
 The Gulf War: 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein invaded
Kuwait, capturing its vast oil wealth & extending Iraq’s border.
Hussein refused UN requests to withdraw. UN forces landed an
attack against Iraq. Invasion succeeded in only a few days, Hussein
agreed to remove all Iraqi troops from Kuwait & pay Kuwait for
damages.
If you have not taken your test or did not pass you have until TODAY to
take care of this.
End of the Six Weeks is Friday. Check Skyward. If you are not passing you
need to arrange tutorials to get this taken care of!
Agenda:
 Clinton Administration Chapter 27
The American
Dream:
The American
Dream:
• Complete the American Dream
Worksheet.
• You may use your phone or Jarrett
Book to look up the people and
information . You must draw the
symbol and color it!
• When you complete it turn it in
and complete the Effects of
Culture on US History sheet &
turn it in COMPLETED!
Some of these words are clues about
what you’ll have to do on the test…
• You’ll have to identify changes in
History.
• You’ll have to read and
analyze statements and excerpts.
• You’ll need to determine when and
why trends increased or decreased.
• You’ll have to find evidence
to support claims
Can you define these words and
explain why they are important in
US History?
• If you can explain what the word
means and why it is important,
you know it! If you can’t, then
you’ll want to make flashcards for
the words you don’t know.
Complete your chart and turn it in to the tray!
The conflict is still sharpening throughout the world between two political systems. The one
system represents government by freedom of choice exercised by the individual citizens. In the
other, and opposing system, individual freedom and initiative are all subordinate to the
totalitarian state.
- President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1938
 What was the ultimate result of the situation President
Roosevelt refers to in this excerpt?
A. A surge of social unrest in South America
B. The outbreak of WWII
C. A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement
D. The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia
General John J Pershing made a major contribution to the
Allied victory in World War I by –
A. negotiating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles
B. requesting humanitarian aid from Congress for war-torn
countries
C. Developing advanced technologies for battlefield use
D. Transforming inexperienced troops into an effective military
force