Nonaseptic Techniques
Nonaseptic Techniques
Requires special procedures for nonsterile procedures
Typically involves the digestive tract
Body wastes
Enemas
Enemas for contrast examination
Nonaseptic Techniques
Nasogastric (NGT) and Orogastric (OGT)Tubes
Inserted into the stomach via the esophagus
Used to give meds, food, or contrast
Remove fluid and gas from the stomach
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Nonaseptic Techniques
Gastric Tubes
Most common is Salem Sump
May experience some discomfort
Take care not to move anchor of tube
Typically inserted by a nurse
Needs imaging for placement
Checking placement
Nonaseptic Techniques
Gastric Tubes
When used for decompression connected to suction
Discontinue suction for transport
Reconnect in department if necessary
Stop feedings prior to putting head down
prevents aspiration
Nonaseptic Techniques
Male Urinal
Disposable or reusable
Plastic and light weight with handle
Shaped so that it can be used in many positions
Measure if ordered
Wear gloves
Hand hygiene
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Nonaseptic Techniques
Bedpans
Used for defecation and urination
Assist with positioning (roll or lift)
Respect patient privacy and comfort
Clean the skin afterwards
Two designs
Nonaseptic Techniques
Enemas
Used for bowel cleansing/promote defecation
Typically can be self-administered
Required for contrast barium enema examination
May need to administer cleansing enemas before/after procedure
‘Until clear” means just liquid with no fecal matter
Nonaseptic Techniques
Barium enema
Used to diagnose conditions of the colon
May have a plain tip or an inflatable cuff attached.
Inflate the cuff to retain the barium
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Nonaseptic Techniques
Barium as a Contrast
High atomic number for optimum contrast
May be premixed or powder
Mix with water or suspension
Suspend the bag above the table
Have the patient expel the barium
Post films should be taken
Ensure all of barium is expelled
Nonaseptic Techniques
Double Contrast Barium Enema
Increasing popularity
Used for polyps
History of colorectal cancer
Rectal bleeding
Anything where colon mucosa needs to be visualized
Barium = Positive agent (white)
Air = Negative agent (black)
Nonaseptic Techniques
Double Contrast Barium Enema
Start in prone position
Table in Trendelenberg position (HOB slightly lower)
Administer barium followed by air
Turn patient to move barium in colon
Radiographic images are taken to visualize anatomy
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Nonaseptic Techniques
Single Kit
Double Kit
Nonaseptic Techniques
Patient Concerns
Lubricate the tip and insert 4-6” in the rectum/stoma
Hold it in place
Relax abdominal muscles (deep breathing techniques)
Adjust height of bag and prevent cramping
If cramping occurs, lower the bag or stop the flow temporarily
Distract the patient if possible
Nonaseptic Techniques
Patient Concerns
Use only water-soluble iodine compounds if perforation is suspected
Barium is naturally hydroscopic and can cause patient dehydration
Patient stools are usually gray or white until barium is fully defecated
Encourage increase in fluids and fiber for several days post exam
Instruct the patient to rest
Patient education is very important!
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Nonaseptic Techniques
Colostomy
References
Adler, A. & Carlton, R. (2012). Introduction to
radiologic sciences and patient care (5th Ed.). St.
Louis: Mo.: Elsevier Saunders.
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