MP 2 Quiz 2 Review Chapters 1 ­ 4 What is the relationship between carbon­12 and carbon­14? How are they alike? different? Carbon­12 and carbon­14 are isotopes of carbon. They are the same element. Carbon­12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. Carbon­14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Both have 6 electrons. Which type of radiation is most dangerous? Why? Gamma radiation is the most dangerous. It has a higher frequency and more energy than alpha or beta particles. What part of the atom is involved in radioactive decay? The nucleus. What is a half­life? The time it takes for half of a sample of an unstable isotope to decay. What happens to the atomic number and atomic mass number of an atom after… Type of Decay Effect on Atomic Number Effect on Atomic Mass Number Alpha Decreases by 2 Decreases by 4 Beta­minus Increases by 1 Doesn’t change What type of bond forms between ….. ● metal atoms with metal atoms?
metallic ● metal atoms with nonmetals atoms?
ionic ● nonmetal atoms with nonmetal atoms? covalent What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? Ionic bonding transfers a valence electron from one atom to another. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of valence electrons. What is the difference between a nonpolar and polar covalent bond? Atoms that share valence electrons equally form nonpolar covalent bonds. Atoms that share valence electrons unequally form polar covalent bonds. What part of the atom is involved in forming bonds? Valence electrons A shiny, bluish­gray element will conduct electricity under certain conditions, but not under other conditions. Is it a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? Metalloids are semi­conductors. MP 2 Quiz 2 Review Chapters 1 ­ 4 Why is water a polar compound? The electrons are shared unequally. Oxygen attracts the hydrogen electrons generating a negative pole and a positive pole. Metals are ductile and malleable. Why? (Think bonding.) Metallic bonds are a sea of electrons. This allows the atoms to slide past each other while still maintaining attraction.