UNIT 1 STUDY
GUIDE
SS8G1a & SS8H1abc
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
▪ Hemisphere
▪ technology
▪ patriarchal
▪ Colonization
▪ burial mounds
▪ missions
▪ Matrilineal
▪ Resistance
▪ archaeologists
▪ Nomadic
▪ Cultural
▪ rituals
▪ Chiefdoms
▪ Accelerate
▪ expedition
▪ Conquistadores
▪ Colony
▪ Voyage
▪ Mercantilism
DEFINITIONS
▪ Hemisphere - a half of the earth, usually as divided into northern and southern halves by the
equator, or into western and eastern halves by an imaginary line passing through the poles.
▪ Patriarchal - society or government controlled by men.
▪ burial mounds - a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves
▪ Matrilineal - based on kinship with the mother or the female line.
▪ Archaeologists - a person who studies human history, particularly the culture of historic and
prehistoric people
▪ Nomadic - roaming about from place to place
▪ Cultural - a way of thinking, behaving, or working that exists in a place or organization
▪ rituals - a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according
to a prescribed order
▪ Chiefdoms - hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on
kinship
DEFINITIONS (CONTINUED)
▪ Technology - the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes
▪ Colonization - a central system of power dominates the surrounding land and its components
(people)
▪ Missions – a calling of a religious organization, especially a Christian one, to go out into the
world and spread its faith.
▪ Resistance -the refusal to accept or comply with something
▪ Accelerate - begin to move more quickly
▪ Expedition - a journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose
▪ Conquistadores - Spanish conqueror
▪ Colony - area under the full or partial political control of another country
▪ Voyage - a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
▪ Mercantilism - belief in the benefits of profitable trading
SS8G1A
1.)BE ABLE TO NAME AND LOCATE
GEORGIA’S FOLLOWING:
▪ Hemispheres – North and West (Northwestern)
▪ Region of the USA - Southeastern
▪ Continent – North America
▪ Country/nation – United States of America
SS8H1A
2.) KNOW THE PREHISTORIC NATIVE
AMERICAN TIME PERIODS IN
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
1.) Paleo
2.) Archaic
3.) Woodland
4.) Mississippian
SS8H1A
3.) SPECIFICALLY KNOW WHAT
CULTURES:
▪ Were mainly led by men, not woman (Woodland)
▪ had burial mounds, and why they had them (Woodland used these as burial sires)
▪ lived in bands of 25 – 50 people (Paleo and early Archaic)
▪ invited the bow and arrow (Woodland)
▪ lived nomadic lifestyles, and why they lived that way (Paleo were nomadic because they had to
follow herds of large animals around to hunt for food.)
▪ lived in permanent settlements (Woodland and Mississippian)
▪ organized into chiefdoms, developed trade networks, build mounds, used farms to support the
entire population (Mississippian)
▪ would wait next to rivers while hunting game (Paleo)
SS8H1A
4.) Be able to name a piece of technology from the archaic culture that impacted a piece of
technology that exist today because of it. Explain their connection with supporting ideas.
You are free to choose any items from your notes to use and compare to something that exists
today.
Example: Pottery was used during this time to store food. Today we use plastic food storage
containers to keep food fresh. Being able to store food means we waster less and can keep food
longer periods of time without having to find more. You would need to support this further with
more ideas about why it was an important piece of technology then and today.
SS8H1A
5.) Describe one way Mississippians were affected by European contact. What affect has this
had on Georgia today?
Mississippians were greatly impacted by European contact in negative and positive ways
including war, disease, food, education, technology, and religion.
Pick one of these things and discuss how Georgia might be different today if it had not occurred.
SS8H1BC
6. HERNANDO DE SOTO
▪ Where did his expedition take place? Southeastern United States
▪ What was his quest for? He was looking for gold and riches.
▪ What negative affects did he have on the natives? De Soto affected
the natives by bring disease and war to them. Many natives died because they could not
successfully fight against the weapons de Soto’s mean had including guns, metal knives, war
dogs, and horses.
SS8H1BC
7.) JUANILLO REBELLION AND
YAMASEE WAR
▪ Know who? What? When? Where? And how? About these events.
Juanillo Rebellion- Native Americans vs Spanish. Juanillo was the chief of the Tolomato people in the Guale (Wally) Chiefdom in Georgia.
Spanish had colonized in La Florida and were encroaching on the Chiefdom. Missionaries forbid many Indian practices and traditions.
Jaunillo killed a friar(holy man, missionary) and encouraged other chiefs to kill missionaries settling on their land. Juanillo was killed by the
Natives who supported the Spanish missionaries.
Yamasee War – Native Americans vs English. Many Native American Tribes revolted against English for many reasons. Reasons included:
Land encroachment by Europeans
Trading system abuse
Indian slave trade
Depletion of food
increased debt for Indians, and increased wealth for settlers
Native Americans killed hundreds of settlers and destroyed settlements. Settlers fled to more established colonies.
▪ Know what these events have in common. They were both resistant movements against to European settlements.
SS8H1BC
8.) AGE OF EXPLORATION
▪ What were the three main reasons for European exploration? God, Gold, and Glory
▪ Why did exploration accelerate in the 15th century? Improvements were made to ships and the
navigation systems.
▪ Reasons why Europeans wanted to settle the east coast, including Georgia?
▪ Know at least 2 ways Europeans explorers impacted Native America life. Religion, culture,
disease, war, death, crops, and technology.
SS8H1BC
9.) SPANISH EXPLORATION
▪ Where did the settle? Southern parts of the New World, claimed the western Unites States,
Florida, and Central America
▪ What was the purpose of Spanish Missions? To spread Christianity
▪ Reasons for wanting to settle the New World? National Glory, to serve God, Spread power of
the Catholic church, Convert Native Americans
SS8H1BC
10.) ENGLISH EXPLORATION
▪ Where did they settle? East coast of the New World, becomes the colonies
▪ What was their reasons for settling the New World? Mercantilism, food crops, tobacco, raw
materials, valuable market for England goods, and increased wealth for the country
SS8H1BC
11.) FRENCH EXPLORATION
▪ Not as interested in occupying territories as the English.
▪ Terms associated with French exploration: Quebec, Jacques Cartier, New Orleans, and Louis
Jolliet